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EP4286063B1 - Dispositif de tri - Google Patents

Dispositif de tri Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4286063B1
EP4286063B1 EP22176180.2A EP22176180A EP4286063B1 EP 4286063 B1 EP4286063 B1 EP 4286063B1 EP 22176180 A EP22176180 A EP 22176180A EP 4286063 B1 EP4286063 B1 EP 4286063B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
objects
sorting
discharge means
chute
fraction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP22176180.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4286063A1 (fr
Inventor
Reinhard TAUCHER
Daniel KREIMER
Philipp Kober
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Binder and Co AG
Original Assignee
Binder and Co AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Binder and Co AG filed Critical Binder and Co AG
Priority to EP22176180.2A priority Critical patent/EP4286063B1/fr
Priority to FIEP22176180.2T priority patent/FI4286063T3/en
Priority to US18/200,297 priority patent/US11958081B2/en
Publication of EP4286063A1 publication Critical patent/EP4286063A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4286063B1 publication Critical patent/EP4286063B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
    • B07C5/3425—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour of granular material, e.g. ore particles, grain
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
    • B07C5/365—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for sorting.
  • LIBS Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
  • LIBS is an analytical method in which a pulsed, focused laser beam is directed onto the material surface of a object, extremely heats a small area, creates a plasma and then enables a quantitative, element-related spectral analysis of the plasma.
  • Measuring the intensities of individual spectral lines of different elements allows conclusions to be drawn about the atomic composition of the object.
  • the spectrum of the material recorded in this way can be used to identify materials, to determine the content of certain chemical elements or chemical compounds in the object and thus can be used as a fingerprint for a certain type of object.
  • concave slides are known in the prior art, on which the objects are moved, preferably by means of gravitational force, so that they move past the LIBS laser device, which is arranged under the slide.
  • a discharge means is usually provided below the slide and/or below an imaginary extension of the slide in order to be able to discharge a fraction of the objects, see for example EP3967413A1 .
  • a disadvantage of the sorting devices known from the state of the art is that only a fraction of the objects can be specifically removed.
  • the sorting device should be possible to use the sorting device to selectively discharge an additional fraction of the objects, whereby the sorting device should also be designed to be space-saving and simple.
  • a slide is understood to be an element which, in an operating state, is arranged at least partially inclined and along which objects can slide solely by gravity, preferably at least partially one after the other.
  • the sorting device comprises a LIBS laser device to perform an analysis of the respective Slide to carry out an object moving past the LIBS laser device.
  • the LIBS laser device comprises at least one laser and one detector to carry out the measurement of a spectrum.
  • With the LIBS laser device it is possible either to simply identify the respective object via the spectrum of the individual chemical elements it contains and/or to carry out a quantitative analysis. This means that with the LIBS laser device it can be determined on the one hand whether the object has the previously defined material, i.e. a certain chemical element or a certain chemical compound - i.e. whether the object is a valuable element - and on the other hand also what content of this chemical element or chemical compound the (valuable) object has.
  • a recess comprising a measuring area is provided in the slide.
  • the recess must in any case have such dimensions that the laser beam can reach the object for carrying out the laser-induced plasma spectroscopy and that the plasma created by the laser beam can also be measured.
  • the measuring area is located where the laser beam passes through the recess when the device is in operation. This means that the size of the recess either corresponds to the measuring area or is larger than the measuring area. However, the measuring area determines where the LIBS measurement of the objects takes place.
  • a sorting subsequent to the LIBS measurement only takes place if at least one measuring point of an object has a successful measurement. If there is no successful measurement, it is a so-called empty measurement and the object is not sorted out. If there are several measurements for an object, which include at least one material assignment, i.e. a valid measurement, as well as an empty measurement, the ratio of the number, if necessary with further parameterization, of the valid Measurement(s) and the empty measurements an assignment for the object to a fraction can be carried out.
  • the sorting device comprises a discharge means and a further discharge means, both of which are automatically controlled by the control device.
  • the control device is therefore able to evaluate signals or data from the LIBS laser device and, if applicable, an object recognition device (see below) and to instruct the discharge means and the further discharge means accordingly.
  • the discharge means and the further discharge means are used to separate valuable fractions of the objects that have been defined as containing a (previously) specific material, e.g. a specific metal or alloy, from the other (non-valuable) objects if the LIBS analysis has delivered a corresponding result, whereby the result of the LIBS analysis can also contain the result of the evaluation of an object recognition device that may be present.
  • the first fraction of the objects differs from the second fraction of the objects in that the first fraction, for example, has a (slightly) different alloy composition than the second fraction. This means that both the first and the second fraction are valuable fractions, but differ in at least one parameter.
  • a valuable fraction will typically comprise 1% to 90% of the objects fed to the sorting device according to the invention.
  • a non-valuable fraction of the objects is separated from the other (valuable) objects by means of the discharge device and the further discharge device.
  • a non-valuable fraction is understood to mean a fraction that has a (previously) does not contain a certain material, e.g. a certain metal or a certain alloy.
  • the discharge means and the further discharge means are each a blow-out means in the form of one or more blow-out nozzles from which at least one fluid stream, in particular at least one compressed air stream, emerges.
  • the discharge direction corresponds to the direction of the blow-out nozzle(s).
  • the discharge device and the additional discharge device it is possible to discharge two fractions of the objects in a targeted manner.
  • the arrangement of the additional discharge device above the chute and/or above the imaginary extension of the chute is particularly advantageous, as the compact design of the sorting device can be retained and existing sorting devices can also be easily adapted accordingly.
  • the majority of the objects of the first fraction have a greater density than the majority of the objects of the second fraction.
  • the majority of the objects of the first fraction are heavier per unit volume than the majority of the objects of the second fraction per the same unit volume.
  • the discharge means in particular an outlet of the discharge means, by means of which the first fraction of the Objects can be discharged directly beneath the chute and/or directly beneath an imaginary extension of the chute, whereby less energy is required for discharge compared to a discharge means further away from the chute and/or an imaginary extension of the chute, since the objects, regardless of their size, are always at essentially the same distance from the discharge means, in particular from the outlet of the discharge means. This is not the case with the additional discharge means.
  • the additional discharge means must in any case be further away from the chute or from the imaginary extension of the chute, since the objects can have different sizes and all have to pass through the area between the discharge means and the additional discharge means.
  • the additional discharge device In order to be able to discharge all objects (regardless of their size), the additional discharge device must generally be operated with a greater energy input.
  • a majority is understood to mean a predominant number of a total number of objects; i.e. more than 50%, preferably more than 70%, particularly preferably more than 90%.
  • the first fraction the majority of whose objects have a greater density than the majority of the objects in the second fraction, can be discharged with the discharge means, because in principle more energy is required when discharging objects with a greater density than when discharging objects with a lower density, but this energy is easily adjustable and can be reduced to a minimum if the distance between the objects to be discharged and the discharge means remains essentially constant.
  • the sorting device is used in particular for recycling metal waste, whereby preferably objects such as metals, in particular aluminum alloys, are sorted out by means of the discharge means and/or by means of the further discharge means.
  • objects made of cast aluminum alloys which usually have a high silicon content and a higher density than objects made of wrought aluminum alloys, can be recognized by the LIBS analysis due to typical components (e.g. the high silicon content) and discharged with the discharge means, while objects made of wrought aluminum alloys due to typical components detected by the LIBS analysis and removed with the additional removal agent.
  • those objects that are sorted out using the sorting device according to the invention or that pass through it are pre-sorted.
  • contaminants in the objects are already reduced accordingly before they pass through the sorting device according to the invention.
  • Metal waste that is sorted using the sorting device according to the invention therefore usually does not contain any objects made of glass or plastic.
  • objects made of different aluminum alloys are to be separated from one another, preferably only metal objects that mainly contain aluminum are fed to the sorting device according to the invention.
  • the location of the respective object on the slide, and thus its arrival at the separation device can usually be determined using the LIBS measurement of the LIBS laser device: at the time of the LIBS measurement, a certain object is in the measuring area and it can be determined when this object arrives at the discharge means or at the further discharge means.
  • the sorting device according to the invention can also be provided with its own object recognition device, which is designed to detect at least the position of an object on the slide, i.e.
  • the object detection device can, for example, detect how the object is positioned relative to the measuring area and/or the discharge device or to the further discharge means, for example whether an object is perpendicular to the conveying direction.
  • the object recognition device only records a two-dimensional image, but it is of course not impossible that three-dimensional images are also created.
  • the control device according to the invention for controlling the discharge means or the further discharge means would, if necessary, be controlled depending on the measurement results of the object recognition device and the LIBS laser device.
  • the control device could also, if necessary, carry out independent control of the discharge means or the further discharge means, e.g. the air quantity, independently of the measurement results of the object recognition and/or the LIBS laser device.
  • a VIS camera and LED and/or laser lighting are particularly suitable as the object recognition device, so that two- or three-dimensional images of the objects can be created, but of course another device for recognizing objects is not excluded from use in connection with the present invention. It is also not excluded that the object recognition device detects more parameters than just the position of an object, for example the size (length and/or width) and/or the shape and/or the color and/or spectral properties in the NIR range (if the object recognition device contains an NIR camera) and/or the structure and/or the height of the object. It goes without saying that the height can only be determined from three-dimensional images or from several two-dimensional images.
  • a dedicated object recognition device can improve the classification of objects by providing more information about the nature of the objects. It can improve the separation because the discharge device and the further discharge device can react to the position and/or shape of the objects.
  • the sorting device can have a distance measuring device for determining the distance of the objects on the slide from the LIBS laser device.
  • the distance measuring device can be used to determine the distance of the surface of the object to be measured from the LIBS laser device before the LIBS measurement and thus deviations due to uneven object surfaces can be taken into account, thereby preventing measurement inaccuracies and/or the individual measurements can be selected depending on the distance.
  • the sorting device in addition, it would also be possible for the sorting device according to the invention to have a second laser device for cleaning the objects, wherein the second laser device is arranged in front of the LIBS laser device as seen in the conveying direction of the objects in order to be able to clean the surface of the objects before measurement at least in an area that is at least as large as the impact area of the LIBS laser beam on the object.
  • one embodiment of the invention provides that the discharge means and/or the additional discharge means can be moved parallel to the conveying direction. Another embodiment of the invention provides that an angle between the discharge direction of the discharge means and the conveying direction and/or an angle between the discharge direction of the additional discharge means and the conveying direction can be adjusted. In addition, another embodiment of the invention provides that a shortest distance between the discharge means and the Slide and/or the imaginary extension of the slide and/or a shortest distance between the further discharge means and the slide and/or the imaginary extension of the slide is adjustable. This means that the discharge means and the further discharge means can be adjusted independently of one another.
  • the discharge means and/or the further discharge means can therefore be moved independently of one another along the conveying direction. Furthermore, the angles defined above and/or the distances defined above, which are normal distances, can be adjusted independently of one another. In addition, it would also be conceivable that the air pressure of the discharge means and/or the further discharge means is adjustable.
  • the angle between the discharge direction of the discharge means/the additional discharge means, in particular the discharge means, and the conveying direction is increased in order to be able to discharge the (heavy) objects accordingly - despite the large mass.
  • the shortest distance between the discharge device/other discharge devices and the chute is usually adapted to the trajectory of the objects or their parabola of fall and/or to the maximum diameter of the objects.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that, viewed in the conveying direction, A separating means comprising three areas is arranged on the slide.
  • each of the three areas is a shaft-shaped area.
  • the objects not to be sorted out can be moved by gravity from the chute into the first area of the separating agent, while the first and second fractions of the objects are diverted from their flight path by the discharge means and the further discharge means and are transported into the second and third areas of the separation means.
  • the first region of the release agent lies between the second and third regions of the release agent.
  • the slide comprises at least two sections, wherein the first section, through which the objects are firstly movable, is designed such that the objects moving along the first section are centered by means of gravitational force normal to the conveying direction, and the second section of the slide is flat, wherein the recess comprising the measuring area is arranged in the second section of the slide.
  • the first and second sections have a different shape of the cross section normal to the conveying direction.
  • the first section is understood to mean in particular those sections whose shape causes the objects to be transported by the gravitational force acting across the conveying direction to the middle of the first section.
  • Objects are usually centred by the gravitational force when the first section has two partial conveying surfaces inclined towards each other, which are part of the entire conveying surface.
  • the inclined partial conveying surfaces which can be straight or curved in cross-section, are usually connected to each other at the lowest part of the slide.
  • the deepest area of the chute corresponds to a deepest point or a deepest section.
  • the inclined partial conveying surfaces are generally arranged symmetrically to one another - viewed in a cross section of the first section normal to the conveying direction - in particular symmetrically to a plane that is vertical in the operating state of the sorting device and runs in the conveying direction.
  • the inclined partial conveying surfaces are not arranged symmetrically to one another in that - viewed in a cross section of the first section normal to the conveying direction - they each have a different angle to a plane that is vertical in the operating state of the sorting device and runs in the conveying direction (for example a V-shaped cross section that is tilted to the side); or, for example, they have the same angle to the plane that is vertical in the operating state of the sorting device and runs in the conveying direction, but have a different length in the cross section (for example a V-shaped cross section with side walls of unequal height); or, for example, they have both different angles and different lengths in the cross section (for example a V-shaped cross section tilted to the side with side walls of unequal height).
  • the objects are transported to the lowest point or area of the cross-section of the slide by the inclined partial conveying surfaces and the gravitational force acting on the objects.
  • the objects therefore come closer and closer to the lowest point of the slide as they slide along the conveying direction through the first section.
  • the conveying surface is understood here to be the surface of the slide on which the objects can rest due to the gravitational force.
  • the recess for carrying out the LIBS measurement is arranged in the second section of the slide. This ensures that, on the one hand, the objects are separated and can therefore be measured one after the other, and, on the other hand, it ensures that the objects are always essentially the same distance apart due to the flat design of the second section, with less dependence on object size or - shape, to the LIBS laser device, since all support points of the objects lie in the plane of the second section.
  • the recess will usually be located in the middle of the slide, i.e. at the same distance from the sides of the slide.
  • each chute has its own recess and its own LIBS laser device for LIBS measurement, otherwise the objects cannot be measured and analyzed.
  • each chute should have a discharge device and another discharge device in order to be able to divide the objects into fractions. It is not necessary for each sorting device to have its own control device. It would therefore be conceivable that only one common control device is provided for the sorting device network.
  • a further embodiment of the sorting device combination provides that the sorting device combination comprises a return means for returning objects from the first sorting device to a return area of the second of the at least two sorting devices, wherein the return area is located in front of the recess of the second of the at least two sorting devices as seen in the conveying direction.
  • the returned objects thus pass through both the first of the at least two sorting devices and the second of the at least two sorting devices.
  • the objects that are guided to the return area by means of the return means can be objects that were not sorted out on the first sorting device, or the first fraction of the objects that were discharged on the first sorting device, or the second fraction of the objects that were discharged on the first sorting device.
  • the objects that are returned are the objects that were not sorted out on the first sorting device.
  • a further embodiment of the sorting device combination provides that the return means is in transport connection with one of the areas of the separating means.
  • the objects coming from the first of the at least two sorting devices - ie the objects not sorted out or the first fraction of the objects or the second fraction of the objects - are returned directly to the second of the at least two sorting devices and sorted again.
  • the control device usually includes a computer.
  • the method steps described above can also be carried out in a sorting device network comprising at least two sorting devices, which sorting devices then apply the same sorting criteria and each sort out the same first and second fraction.
  • the objects not sorted out by the first sorting device are transported to a return area of the second sorting device by means of a return means.
  • the slide 3 is divided into a first section 9 and a second section 10, whereby the objects 2 can initially be moved through the first section 9 and only then reach the second section 10 of the slide 3.
  • the first section 9 is designed in such a way that the objects 2 moving along the first section 9 are centered by means of gravitational force normal to the conveying direction 22, and the second section 10 of the slide 3 is then flat.
  • the second section 10 of the slide 3 has a recess 4 comprising a measuring area 23, under which recess 4 at a distance the LIBS laser device 6 for carrying out a LIBS measurement by is arranged through the recess 4.
  • the LIBS laser device 6 comprises at least one element for generating a laser beam and a detector.
  • the objects 2 are thus separated with the aid of the separation device 19 and then reach the first section 9 of the slide 3 one after the other.
  • Each object 2 is first illuminated by the lighting 27 and is thereby recognized by the object recognition device 20 or the position of the object 2 is determined and the corresponding data is transmitted to the control device 8.
  • the control device 8 can calculate when the respective object 2 will be at the LIBS laser device 6 and the discharge means 7 or the further discharge means 13.
  • the object recognition device 20 it would also be possible for the object recognition device 20 to record further data on the object 2 and to provide the control device 8 with additional data on the shape, size or height of the object 2.
  • the object recognition device 20 can either create a two-dimensional image if only the position or shape of the object 2 is of interest, or create a three-dimensional image if, for example, the height of the object 2 is also relevant.
  • the data from the object recognition device 20 can also be used to determine how long the object 2 covers the measuring area 23, i.e. how many LIBS measurements should be made of this object 2, and where the discharge means 7 or the further discharge means 13 should act on the object 2, i.e. which blow-out nozzles of a blow-out nozzle array are controlled. For example, several blow-out nozzles could be controlled transversely to the conveying direction 22 if the object 2 is lying transversely.
  • control device 8 then sends a signal to the LIBS laser device 6 to carry out a LIBS measurement as soon as the object 2 passes the recess 4 behind or under which the LIBS laser device 6 is located, or continuously pulsed Laser radiation is emitted so that the measurement is carried out independently of a signal from the object detection device 20.
  • a second laser device 29 could be provided in front of the LIBS laser device 6 in order to remove any contamination from the respective object 2 at least in the measuring areas on the object 2 before the LIBS measurement by the LIBS laser device 6.
  • the LIBS laser device 6 carries out a LIBS measurement, the result, i.e. the measured data determined, being sent to the control device 8, which in turn evaluates the measured data and, if necessary, sends a signal to the discharge means 7 or to the further discharge means 13 so that the object 2 is sorted out if it has previously defined parameters.
  • the discharge means 7 or the further discharge means 13 can be controlled or regulated in an adapted manner, for example with regard to the shape, position or size of the respective object 2.
  • a first fraction 11 of the objects 2 is sorted out along a discharge direction 25 and by means of the further discharge means 13, a second fraction 12 of the objects 2 is sorted out along a discharge direction 26, wherein the discharge means 7 is arranged below an imaginary extension of the chute 3 and the further discharge means 13 is arranged above an imaginary extension of the chute 3.
  • Those objects 2 that are not sorted out by means of the discharge means 7 or the further discharge means 13 are referred to as non-sorted objects 34.
  • the objects 2 of the first fraction 11 and the second fraction 12 are each valuable objects 2.
  • the objects 2 of the first and second fractions 11, 12 each contain an aluminum alloy with a slightly different alloy composition, with the majority of the objects 2 of the first fraction 11 having a greater density than the majority of the objects 2 of the second fraction 12.
  • the fact that the first fraction 11 of the objects 2 is sorted out by means of the discharge means 7 is advantageous in that the discharge means 7 is placed directly under an imaginary extension of the chute 3, whereby less energy is required for the discharge compared to the further discharge means 13 which is further away from the imaginary extension of the chute 3, since the objects 2, regardless of their size, always have essentially the same distance from the discharge means 7.
  • discharging objects 2 with a higher density compared to discharging objects 2 with a lower density more energy is generally required, but this energy is easy to adjust and can be reduced to a minimum if the distance between the objects 2 to be discharged and the discharge means 7 remains essentially constant.
  • a separating means 5 comprising three areas 16, 17, 18 is arranged, the first area 16 being arranged on a flight path of the objects 2, along which flight path the objects 2 can be moved by means of gravitational force when leaving the slide 3.
  • the objects 34 that have not been sorted out land in the first area 16.
  • the second area 17 is arranged in such a way that the first fraction 11 of the objects 2 sorted out by means of the discharge means 7 lands in it, while the third area 18 is arranged in such a way that the second fraction 12 of the objects 2 sorted out by means of the further discharge means 13 lands in it. This means that both the first and the second fraction 11,12 of the objects 2 are diverted from their flight path by means of the discharge means 7 or the further discharge means 13 and transported into the second or third area 17,18.
  • Fig. 2 represents a schematic axonometric view of an embodiment of a sorting device assembly according to the invention, which sorting device assembly comprises three similar sorting devices 1.
  • Each of these Sorting devices 1 have a chute 3, which comprises a first section 9 and a second section 10.
  • a device for separating 19 the objects 2 is arranged in front of the chutes 3, in the form of a vibrating chute 19 with a chute-shaped guide element 30 per chute 3, which guide element 30 opens into the first section 9 of a chute 3.
  • the vibrating chute 19, and thus its guide elements 30, have a lower incline than the chute 3.
  • the vibrating chute comprises a trough, into which the "new" objects 2 (if necessary) to be sorted out are fed.
  • Objects 2 can be discharged simultaneously through the three slides 3.
  • Each of the slides 3 according to the embodiment of the Fig. 2 comprises a transition section 31, which enables a successive transition of the first section 9 into the second section 10, i.e. the cross section of the first section 9, here semicircular, continuously transfers into the cross section of the second section 10, here a flat support surface without side walls.
  • the second section 10 of the slide 3 has a recess 4 comprising a measuring area 23, wherein the LIBS laser device 6 is arranged at a distance from the recess 4 for carrying out the measurement from below the slide 3 through the recess 4.
  • each discharge means 7 and each further discharge means 13 is implemented by blow-out nozzles or a blow-out nozzle array.
  • a separating means 5 comprising two guide plates 32 is arranged after the slides 3, as seen in the conveying direction 22, whereby the three areas 16, 17, 18 are formed by means of the guide plates 32.
  • Side walls 33 can be provided on each of the guide plates 32 (in Fig. 2 by lines on the surfaces of the guide plates 32 only indicated) in order to laterally delimit the areas 16,17,18 directly after each of the slides 3 as seen in the conveying direction 22.
  • the side walls 33 thus ensure, for example, that objects 2 coming from the first slide 3 do not come into contact with the objects 2 coming from the second slide 3. in the separating means 5.
  • the first region 16, in which the non-sorted objects 2 from all slides 3 land is arranged on a flight path of the objects 2.
  • the second region 17 is arranged such that the fractions of the objects 2 from all slides 3 sorted by means of the discharge means 7 land therein, while the third region 18 is arranged such that the fractions of the objects 2 sorted by means of the further discharge means 13 land therein.
  • the sorting device network comprises a return means 21.
  • the return means 21 is in transport connection with the first area 21 of the first sorting device 1 and returns the objects 2 that have not been sorted out to a return area 24, which in this embodiment corresponds to the guide element 30 of the second sorting device 2. This means that in the second sorting device, in addition to the "newly" placed objects 2 in the tub of the vibrating chute 19, the returned objects 2 also pass through the chute 3.
  • a further return means 21 is not provided in this embodiment; i.e. the third sorting device 1 is only passed through by "newly" submitted objects 2.
  • the sorting device network shown comprises only a common (not shown) control device 8, which is set up to control all discharge means 7 and all further discharge means 13 depending on the measurement results of the LIBS laser devices 6.
  • the positions of the discharge means 7 and the further discharge means 13 can be adjusted independently of each other with respect to the chute 3 or an imaginary extension of the chute 3. This is shown in the Figures 3 to 6 clearly visible.
  • Fig.3 shows a schematic side view of an embodiment of the sorting device 1 according to the invention
  • Fig.4 a schematic side view of the embodiment of the sorting device 1 according to the invention from Fig.3 wherein one discharge means 7 and another discharge means 13 are located in a different position
  • Fig.5 again shows a schematic side view of the embodiment of the sorting device 1 according to the invention from Fig.3 or Fig.4 , whereby the discharge means 7 and the further discharge means 13 are again in a different position.
  • Fig.6 which is a schematic side view of the embodiment of the sorting device 1 according to the invention Fig. 3, Fig. 4 or Fig.5 then the (different) positions of the discharge means 7 and the further discharge means 13 are Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig.5 compared to each other.
  • the discharge means 7 can be rotated about a point; i.e. an angle ⁇ between the discharge direction 25 and the conveying direction 22 can be set.
  • the further discharge means 13 can in turn be moved parallel to the conveying direction 22 and also rotated about a point; i.e. here too, an angle ⁇ between the discharge direction 26 and the conveying direction 22 can be set.
  • a shortest distance 15 between the further discharge means 13 and the imaginary extension of the chute 3 can be adjusted.
  • the shortest distance 14 between the discharge means 7 and the imaginary extension of the chute 3 cannot be set in this embodiment and is therefore constant.
  • Fig.5 was compared to Fig.4 in the discharge means 7, the angle ⁇ is further increased and in the further discharge means 13, the angle ⁇ is further reduced.
  • the angle ⁇ is approximately 90° here and is advantageous when the objects 2 are rather short when viewed in the conveying direction 22.
  • the further discharge means 13 was moved in the conveying direction 22 parallel to the conveying direction 22 and the distance 15 was increased.

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Claims (15)

  1. Dispositif de tri (1) permettant le tri d'objets (2) comprenant
    - un toboggan (3) sur lequel les objets (2) peuvent être déplacés dans une direction de transport (22) par une force gravitationnelle en action, dans lequel le toboggan (3) présente un évidement (4) comprenant une zone de mesure (23),
    - un dispositif laser LIBS (6) qui est disposé au voisinage de l'évidement (4) du toboggan (3) afin d'effectuer à travers l'évidement (4) une mesure par spectroscopie des objets (2) se déplaçant le long du toboggan (3),
    - un moyen de prélèvement (7) permettant le prélèvement d'une première partie (11) des objets (2) le long d'une direction de prélèvement (25), dans lequel le moyen de prélèvement (7) est disposé en-dessous du toboggan (3) et/ou en-dessous d'une prolongation imaginaire du toboggan (3),
    ainsi
    - qu'un dispositif de commande (8) permettant la commande du moyen de prélèvement (7) en fonction des résultats de mesure du dispositif laser LIBS (6),
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de tri (1) comprend un moyen de prélèvement supplémentaire (13) permettant le tri d'une deuxième partie (12) des objets (2) le long d'une direction de prélèvement (26), lequel moyen de prélèvement supplémentaire (13) est disposé au-dessus du toboggan (3) et/ou au-dessus du prolongement imaginaire du toboggan (3), dans lequel le dispositif de commande (8) est conçu pour commander le moyen de prélèvement supplémentaire (13) en fonction des résultats de mesure du dispositif laser LIBS (6).
  2. Dispositif de tri (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de prélèvement (7) et/ou le moyen de prélèvement supplémentaire (13) peuvent être déplacés parallèlement par rapport à la direction de transport (22).
  3. Dispositif de tri (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce qu'un angle (a) entre la direction de prélèvement (25) du moyen de prélèvement (7) et la direction de transport (22), et/ou un angle (b) entre la direction de prélèvement (26) du moyen de prélèvement supplémentaire (13) et la direction de transport (22), sont réglables.
  4. Dispositif de tri (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'une distance plus courte (14) entre le moyen de prélèvement (7) et le toboggan (3), et/ou le prolongement imaginaire du toboggan (3), et/ou une distance plus courte (15) entre le moyen de prélèvement supplémentaire (13) et le toboggan (3), et/ou le prolongement imaginaire du toboggan (3), sont réglables.
  5. Dispositif de tri (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'un moyen de séparation (5) comprenant trois zones (16, 17, 18) est disposé après le toboggan (3), vu dans la direction de transport (22).
  6. Dispositif de tri (1) selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que
    - une première zone (16) du moyen de séparation (5) est disposée au moins par tronçons sur une trajectoire des objets (2), le long de laquelle trajectoire les objets (2) peuvent se déplacer au moyen de la force gravitationnelle lors du départ du toboggan (3),
    - la première partie (11) des objets (2) dans une deuxième zone (17) du moyen de séparation (5) peut être prélevée au moyen du moyen de prélèvement (7) et
    - la deuxième partie (12) des objets (2) dans une troisième zone (18) du moyen de prélèvement (5) peut être prélevée à l'aide du moyen de prélèvement supplémentaire (13),
    dans lequel la majorité des objets (2) de la première partie (11) présente une densité plus importante que la majorité des objets (2) de la deuxième partie (12).
  7. Dispositif de tri (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le toboggan (3) comprend au moins deux segments, où le premier segment (9), à travers lequel les objets (2) peuvent se déplacer en premier, est conçu de telle manière que les objets (2) se déplaçant le long du premier segment (9) au moyen de la force gravitationnelle sont centrés de manière normale par rapport à la direction de transport (22), et le deuxième segment (10) du toboggan (3) est conçu de manière plane, où l'évidement (4) comprenant la zone de mesure (23) est disposé dans le deuxième segment (10) du toboggan (3).
  8. Réseau de dispositifs de tri, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins deux dispositifs de tri (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7 sont disposés au moins par tronçons parallèlement l'un à côté de l'autre, où les au moins deux dispositifs de tri (1) comprennent de préférence un dispositif de commande (8) commun.
  9. Réseau de dispositifs de tri selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que, à la fois
    - à l'aide du premier parmi les au moins deux dispositifs de tri (1), notamment, à l'aide du moyen de prélèvement (7) et du moyen de prélèvement supplémentaire (13) du premier dispositif de tri (1), et
    - à l'aide du deuxième parmi les au moins deux dispositifs de tri (1), notamment à l'aide du moyen de prélèvement (7) et du moyen de prélèvement supplémentaire (13) du deuxième dispositif (1),
    la première partie (11) des objets (2) et la deuxième partie (12) des objets (2) peuvent être prélevées.
  10. Réseau de dispositifs de tri selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que
    - à l'aide du premier parmi les au moins deux dispositifs de tri (1), notamment à l'aide du moyen de prélèvement (7) et du moyen de prélèvement supplémentaire (13) du premier dispositif de tri (1), la première partie (11) des objets (2) et la deuxième partie (12) des objets (2) peuvent être prélevées, ainsi
    - qu'à l'aide du deuxième parmi les au moins deux dispositifs de tri (1), notamment à l'aide du moyen de prélèvement (7) et du moyen de prélèvement supplémentaire (13) du deuxième dispositif de tri (1), une troisième partie (19) des objets (2) et une quatrième partie (20) des objets (2) peuvent être prélevées.
  11. Réseau de dispositifs de tri selon l'une des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le réseau de dispositifs de tri comprend un moyen de ramenée (21) pour ramener des objets (2) provenant du premier dispositif de tri (1) vers une zone de ramenée (24) du deuxième parmi les au moins deux dispositifs de tri (1), dans lequel la zone de ramenée (24) se situe avant l'évidement (4) du deuxième parmi les au moins deux dispositifs de tri (1), vu dans la direction de transport (22).
  12. Réseau de dispositifs de tri selon la revendication 11 et selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de ramenée (21) est en liaison de transport avec une des zones du moyen de séparation (5).
  13. Réseau de dispositifs de tri selon l'une des revendications 8 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les au moins deux dispositifs de tri (1) comprennent un dispositif de commande (8) commun, lequel dispositif de commande (8) est conçu pour
    - commander le moyen de prélèvement (7) et le moyen de prélèvement supplémentaire (13) du premier parmi les au moins deux dispositifs de tri (1) en fonction des résultats de mesure du dispositif laser LIBS (6) du premier parmi les au moins deux dispositifs de tri (1), ainsi que pour
    - commander le moyen de prélèvement (7) et le moyen de prélèvement supplémentaire (13) du deuxième parmi les au moins deux dispositifs de tri (1) en fonction des résultats de mesure du dispositif laser LIBS (6) du deuxième parmi les au moins deux dispositifs de tri (1).
  14. Procédé de tri d'objets avec un dispositif de tri (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, le procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    - disposition des objets (2) sur un toboggan (3) afin de déplacer les objets (2) au moyen de la force gravitationnelle ;
    - mesure spectroscopique des objets (2) au moyen d'un dispositif laser LIBS (6) ;
    - tri
    ∘ d'une première partie (11) des objets (2) à l'aide d'un moyen de prélèvement (7) disposé au-dessus du toboggan (3) et/ou au-dessus d'un prolongement imaginaire du toboggan (3), et
    ∘ d'une deuxième partie (12) des objets (2) à l'aide d'un moyen de prélèvement supplémentaire (13) disposé en-dessous du toboggan (3) et/ou en-dessous du prolongement imaginaire du toboggan (3).
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que
    - les objets (2) non triés tombent dans une première zone (16) d'un moyen de séparation (5), laquelle première zone (16) est disposée au moins par tronçons sur une trajectoire des objets (2), le long de laquelle trajectoire les objets (2) peuvent être déplacés au moyen de la force gravitationnelle lors du départ du toboggan (3),
    - la première partie (11) des objets (2) est prélevée dans une deuxième zone (17) du moyen de séparation (5), et
    - la deuxième partie (12) des objets (2) est prélevée dans une troisième zone (18) du moyen de séparation (5),
    dans lequel la majorité des objets (2) de la première partie (11) présente une densité plus importante que la majorité des objets (2) de la deuxième partie (12).
EP22176180.2A 2022-05-30 2022-05-30 Dispositif de tri Active EP4286063B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22176180.2A EP4286063B1 (fr) 2022-05-30 2022-05-30 Dispositif de tri
FIEP22176180.2T FI4286063T3 (en) 2022-05-30 2022-05-30 SORTING DEVICE
US18/200,297 US11958081B2 (en) 2022-05-30 2023-05-22 Sorting device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2943293A2 (fr) * 2013-01-08 2015-11-18 Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. Systèmes et procédés de tri de semences
BR112016030481A2 (pt) * 2014-06-23 2021-01-12 Tsi Inc Análise rápida de materiais com o uso de espectroscopia libs
US10099259B2 (en) * 2015-03-16 2018-10-16 Nanopix Integrated Software Solutions Private Limited Intelligent grading machine with trajectory tracking sensor network and a process thereof
US10478861B2 (en) * 2016-11-28 2019-11-19 Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products Gmbh System for analyzing and sorting material
EP3586984A4 (fr) * 2017-02-27 2020-11-18 Eric Van Looy Procédé et dispositif de sélection et d'analyse de matériau en vrac
DE102017220792A1 (de) * 2017-11-21 2019-05-23 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Sortieren von Teilchen eines Materialstroms
JP7176386B2 (ja) * 2018-12-06 2022-11-22 株式会社サタケ 光学式選別機
FI3967413T3 (fi) * 2020-09-10 2023-08-21 Binder Co Ag Lajittelulaite ja -menetelmä LIBS-laserlaitteen kera

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US20230381823A1 (en) 2023-11-30
US11958081B2 (en) 2024-04-16
FI4286063T3 (en) 2024-11-06

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