EP4106510A1

EP4106510A1 - Building having a planted façade

Info

Publication number: EP4106510A1
Application number: EP21705415.4A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Oliver Ringelstein
Original assignee: Intewa GmbH
Current assignee: Intewa GmbH
Priority date: 2020-02-21
Filing date: 2021-02-22
Publication date: 2022-12-28
Also published as: WO2021165534A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a building (10) comprising one storey (14) or a plurality of storeys (14) and comprising a plurality of angularly adjacent external walls (16). Transparent portions and/or window openings or access openings (20) can be optionally located at various heights in the external walls (16) of the building (10). At least one plant-supporting module (12), which is of a defined size and can be moved along the external wall (16), is arranged on at least one of the external walls (16) of the building (10), which module can be variably adjusted in terms of height and/or lateral direction and/or its pitch (46) with respect to the external wall (16).

Description

Building with a green facade

The present invention relates to a building with a green facade with the features of the independent claim.

The roofs of residential buildings, office buildings or other covered structures can serve as vegetation areas for plants. Some flat roofs have a layer of gravel, which after some time is colonized by flying seeds and left to be planted at random. Other horizontal or slightly inclined roof surfaces, on the other hand, are provided with a layer of humus and actively planted so that the desired vegetation with certain plants results.

With all these types of greenery and vegetation, however, certain boundary conditions must not be disregarded, for example due to the associated static loads on flat roofs. Further aspects of conventionally greened buildings are the indispensable expenditure for irrigation, because even extensive greening requires irrigation under normal circumstances. In addition, there is the care and maintenance of the entire system. The additional benefit from the better heat and cold insulation of a planted roof is there, as well as the benefit for the local climate, which is difficult to quantify. However, this is offset by the additional costs, so that the desired climate benefits are usually only financially worthwhile if grants are granted for the structural measures.

A variant of building greening that has become known recently, but has so far only rarely been used in practice, consists in the integration of plantings into building facades. Last but not least, this concept tries to increase the amount of plant biomass in urban areas, on the one hand to create a counterbalance for high structural densities and an established lack of urban green spaces and, on the other hand, to offer people living in the city a better quality of life. In addition, there is the desired effect on the local climate through the ability of plants to absorb and bind carbon dioxide and air pollutants and their temperature-lowering and moisture-increasing effect, which can be particularly important at higher temperatures in the summer months. Since many existing buildings do not allow facade greening and for static reasons it is often not possible to bring larger volumes of humus onto existing flat roofs of existing buildings, the primary aim of the present invention can be seen as a flexible system for greening existing, but also to provide buildings to be newly designed and built, which are particularly suitable for retrofitting, and which can be flexibly adapted to changing needs and requirements and modified accordingly.

These identified objects of the invention are achieved with the subject matter of the independent claims. Features of advantageous developments and / or modifications or variants of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.

To achieve the identified goals, the present invention proposes a building with at least one floor, but in particular with several floors, which also has several angularly adjoining outer walls or outer surfaces, each optionally with transparent sections and / or with window or access openings in different Heights can be provided. In the building realizing the present invention, at least one plant-bearing module of defined size which is movable along the outer wall and which can be variably adjusted in height and / or in the lateral direction is arranged on at least one of the outer walls.

According to the invention it is also provided that the at least one plant-carrying module arranged movably along the outer wall can be adjusted in its angle to the adjoining outer wall.

With this invention, the identified core problems can be resolved in accordance with the above objectives, since on the one hand the undesired additional roof loads are avoided and on the other hand a concept for an adjustable and variably water-supplied vertical green roof can be made available. In the concept discussed here, holistic developments and new technologies for vertical greening are presented and discussed.

Among other things, the vertical greening presented here can be formed from movable greening elements that can be moved horizontally and / or vertically and / or changed in their angle of incidence relative to the building and thus can be guided downwards or sideways for easy maintenance. This can be done using different techniques, such as rails or ropes or other. The size of the irrigation elements and the area is almost free and highly variable.

If vertical and / or horizontal movement possibilities of the greening elements are mentioned in the present context, this also means superimposed movements and includes by definition, i.e. also diagonal or inclined movements within a defined and / or limited movement space.

In addition, the invention provides that the module or the plurality of modules can optionally be adjusted in their angles of incidence with respect to the building. This can mean, in particular, that an inside of the at least one plant-bearing module which is movable along the outside wall of the building, pointing towards the outside wall of the building, can be positioned at an angle to the outside wall of the building.

It may be that at least one horizontal rail is attached to the at least one outer wall, along which a hoist working on the principle of a trolley is movably arranged, which for lateral adjustment and / or for height adjustment is a detachable connection to the can produce at least one plant-bearing module arranged along the outer wall.

It can be the case here that the at least one rail running in the horizontal direction is fastened directly to the at least one outer wall. It is also conceivable that the at least one rail running in the horizontal direction is fastened to the at least one outer wall via a carrier and / or support structure.

It can also be the case that the hoist, which works on the principle of a trolley, comprises at least one cable pull, via which the height of the at least one plant-bearing module arranged along the outer wall can be adjusted with the releasable connection established.

It is also conceivable that the at least one cable pull comprises at least one first cable and at least one second cable, which at least one first cable and which at least one second cable run parallel to one another and for adjustment of the at least one plant-bearing module arranged along the outer wall interact in height.

It has also proven useful if the at least one rail running in the horizontal direction is attached to the at least one outer wall in such a way that the at least one rail running in the horizontal direction is located above all window openings of the respective outer wall.

In the building according to the invention, for example, a module surface that corresponds to the inside of the plant-bearing module or within which the inside of the plant-bearing module lies can be set at a variably adjustable angle of incidence to a surface that corresponds to the outer wall of the building or within which the outer wall lies , to be brought.

In particular, a straight line of intersection between a module plane in which the module surface lies and the wall plane in which the outer wall lies can have an approximately vertical course and also expediently run along the outer wall.

In this context, it should be made clear that the angle of attack can assume small values, for example, and can be in the order of magnitude of a little over 0 ° and less than 90 °. Likewise, the angle of attack can, if necessary, also be larger and be up to 180 °. In this case, a small angle of incidence of slightly more than 0 ° means that the module is slightly inclined, while an angle of incidence of 90 ° means that the module is pivoted perpendicular to the outer wall. An angle of incidence of 180 ° also means a module that has been completely swiveled over and placed against the outer wall with its front facing outwards, the rear of which in this case is visible to the viewer standing in front of the building.

In order to enable the desired mobility of the module or the plurality of modules, a substantially vertical holding and guide rail can be mounted on the outside wall of the building, on which the at least one plant-bearing module or at least one plant-bearing module is mounted in a height-adjustable manner. It can be the case that the vertical holding and guide rail is mounted directly on the outer wall of the building. It can also be the case that a carrying and / or support structure is provided, via which the vertically running holding and guide rail is mounted on the outer wall of the building. It can be the case here that the essentially vertical holding and guide rail is mounted on the outer wall of the building in such a way that the vertically running holding and guide rail is displaced in the horizontal direction along the outer wall of the building and / or in the horizontal direction along the outer wall of the building can be moved.

It can be the case here that the essentially vertical holding and guide rail is connected in the area of its lower end to a horizontally extending guide or a guide rail extending in the horizontal direction, along which horizontally extending guide or along which in the horizontal direction Guide rail the essentially vertical holding and guide rail can be moved in the horizontal direction along the outer wall of the building and / or can be moved in the horizontal direction along the outer wall of the building.

In various embodiments it can be that the building comprises an upper linear guide and a lower linear guide, with which upper linear guide and with which lower linear guide two essentially vertical holding and guide rails are connected in such a way that the two are each essentially vertical extending holding and guide rails along the upper linear guide and along the lower linear guide can be moved together in the horizontal direction or can be moved and / or adjusted together in the horizontal direction.

Thus, a lower guide rail can be provided along which a profile can be shifted in the horizontal direction. The two essentially vertical holding and guide rails can be connected to the profile. Furthermore, at least one motor can be arranged on the profile, which cooperates with plant-carrying modules for vertical adjustment. It has also proven useful if two motors are arranged on the profile, which can jointly adjust a respective plant-carrying module in the vertical direction via a respective rope.

Furthermore, an upper guide rail and at least two guide rollers can be provided, which can move at least two guide rollers along the upper guide rail in the horizontal direction. The at least two guide rollers can mechanically via a connecting means or via a profile be coupled together. The two essentially vertically extending holding and guide rails can be arranged or fastened on the connecting means or on the profile. It can also be the case that at least one deflection roller is arranged on the connecting means or on the profile, which guides a rope provided for vertical adjustment of a respective plant-carrying module.

The two holding and guide rails, each running essentially vertically, can be designed together in various embodiments for the detachable reception of a plurality of plant-carrying modules. For example, the two essentially vertical holding and guide rails are designed in such a way that a respective plant-carrying module can be suspended in the two essentially vertical holding and guide rails. In further embodiments, it can be that at least one plant-carrying module is permanently or non-detachably connected to the two essentially vertical holding and guide rails.

The plant-carrying module or a plurality of such modules can preferably be pivotably mounted on a bracket that is mounted so as to be adjustable in height along the retaining and guide rail.

An advantageous embodiment variant can, for example, provide that the holder comprises a carrier with spaced apart, each rotatably mounted rolling rollers, which are mounted on the holding and guide rail, the holder by rolling the rolling rollers in the vertical direction along the longitudinal direction of the holding and Guide rail is movable.

A boom which can be pivoted about a vertical pivot axis and on which the plant-carrying module is anchored can, for example, be mounted on the holder.

Another useful equipment of the building according to the invention can be formed, for example, that the building is assigned a control device that generates control values from the detection of an incidence of light, a time of day, seasonally or seasonally variable position of the sun or other environmental or environmental parameters, which generate a motorized variation the angle of incidence between the module surface of the plant-bearing module and the surface that corresponds to the outer wall of the building or within which the outer wall is located. Accordingly, it should be emphasized at this point that the present invention is also intended to include a method for controlling or regulating a holding device for plant-carrying modules in accordance with one of the embodiment variants described above or in accordance with the description below. The holding device controlled in this method should be part of a building according to the invention according to the definition given here.

In the method to be considered as part of the invention, environmental and / or environmental parameters are recorded and control values are obtained or generated therefrom, which are used to control an adjustment device with which the angle of attack between the modules and an outer wall of the building and / or their position on the Outside wall can be varied.

The irrigation elements and / or plant-bearing modules can be overgrown with ornamental or useful plants. The elements can be watered in particular with service water or gray water from the building or externally, or with rainwater that is diverted from the roof and directed to the greening elements.

With regard to any used water, gray water and / or rainwater, it can make sense to subject it to additional cleaning and / or processing steps in order to optimize the irrigation of the greening elements as well as the drainage of the building. The excess water can sensibly be collected and fed back into the irrigation system.

Due to the vertical structure of the greening elements assigned to the building facade, it can make sense to use a geodetic principle for the distribution of the water. Aquaponics could be integrated into the concept in a modular manner in order to generate fertilization and further agricultural yields.

The system can also be used to beautify the appearance of facades or other urban areas, for example.

Since the term building is to be understood broadly in the context of the present invention and does not only mean enclosed buildings, the adjustable greening elements can optionally be arranged on house facades, for example on bridges or also free-standing, etc. Thus there are numerous usage variants for the Operator is conceivable and the greening of urban spaces and structurally redesigned areas can be promoted overall. This is associated with an improvement in the cost-benefit ratio of green buildings.

It should therefore be expressly emphasized at this point that the term building used in the present context is intended to encompass essentially all buildings suitable for greening. The term is not limited to closed buildings, but should also include, for example, facades, bridges, noise barriers and the like.

New agriculturally usable areas can be created in the vertical space. The integration of so-called "urban farming" is made easier. The newly created cultivation areas can be used for greening as well as for the cultivation of useful plants and thus represent a value. Ultimately, decentralized "urban farming" is made possible, in which, for example, the prices of vegetables and useful plants are determined and used as parameters can be used for the usability of each floor.

The use of trough-like elements in which gray water is stored and / or passed through can optionally also be used for fish farming, so that the current fish prices can also serve as parameters for the usability of the various floors of the building equipped according to the invention.

A major advantage is that it can be retrofitted to almost all existing buildings and structures. The vertical structure of the greening elements or the structure of the greening elements with vertical components result in many more possible green areas per house.

The modular structure also makes it possible to only grow and plant ornamental plants instead of useful plants.

Another advantage of the present invention is that it allows considerable additional retention volumes to be created in a very small space, which could hardly be achieved in any other way. Due to the variable supply of water, these retention volumes can even be set individually and changed as required.

A welcome additional effect can be the cooling effect for existing building facades through the additional evaporation of water. the Saving energy and saving fossil fuels or other energy sources by doing without active building air conditioning is obvious.

Another cooling effect for the building facade results from additional shading, which in turn leads to energy savings and relief from climate-damaging energy use.

Since even extensive greening normally requires additional irrigation and since there is often not enough rainwater available for irrigation at the right time, it can be beneficial to irrigate the greening with the gray water from the building's households, for example. A nutrient content contained in the gray water can also be used; In addition, the water is available every day regardless of climatic conditions and is available on site.

It should also be pointed out that the gray and / or rainwater or the recycled service water used in connection with the present invention are subjected to additional treatment steps, such as subsequent mineralization, UV irradiation and / or plasma treatment or the like can, which can be beneficial for the fish supplied with the water when used for fish farming. The same can apply to the plants supplied with the water.

The drainage water collected by the building can be used in modules for fish farming, which in turn would provide fertilizer for the crops, so that integrated aquaponics is possible.

The different nutrient content of the different waters before and after different treatment methods can be used by using the water for different purposes. Water that is richer in nutrients can be used, for example, for fish farming, while water that is poor in nutrients or richer in minerals can be used for watering certain plants.

In principle, it should be possible to combine all the elements used in a modular manner. In order to enlarge the respective area of application, it can make sense to use vertical systems, for example a rope structure with rollers, which enables access to the plant troughs. The water for irrigation can through If the troughs flow geodetically downwards in an overflow principle, then the irrigation problem - which can in particular mean the distribution of the water on a flat surface - can be solved. The elements can be injection molded tubs. The green roof itself can be used as a source of water. The removal of humic acid can be omitted. However, the system can also be operated completely without a green roof.

The gardener can approach the vertical greening system with his car and comfortably maintain the entire system from below, as he can move the planted troughs to ground level.

With regard to the static load, it can also be pointed out that with a green roof, considerable problems with the roof statics can arise, in particular with a subsequent green roof of already existing buildings and the additional surface loads caused by this. In addition, there can be considerable costs for monitoring and, if necessary, for clearing snow. Due to the future climate problem, it can be expected that the temporary snow loads will be significantly greater, which is an important reason for not using flat roofs in the future.

With a facade greening, these static problems arise to a much lesser extent, since the masonry can absorb higher loads in the vertical than the ceiling. Another advantage of vertical greening is that the loads can, if necessary, be transferred directly to the foundation or to adjacent areas such as the pavement surrounding the building.

In the following, important aspects of the present invention are mentioned again and variants not mentioned so far are explained. Thus, the present invention essentially comprises a structure or building that can have at least one floor, but in particular several floors, wherein the structure or building has several outer walls adjoining each other at an angle, each optionally with transparent sections and / or with window or access openings can be provided at different heights. At least one plant-carrying module of defined size, which is movable along the outer wall and can be variably adjusted in height and / or in the lateral direction, is arranged on at least one of the outer walls. The advantages of the building according to the invention come into play particularly when at least two plant-bearing modules of defined size movable along the outer wall are arranged on at least one of the outer walls, which can be variably adjusted in height and / or in the lateral direction.

Essentially, the number of plant-bearing modules assigned to an outer wall of the building is only limited by the size of the building wall, so that, according to an advantageous embodiment variant, three or more plant-bearing modules of defined size that are movable along the outer wall can be arranged on at least one of the outer walls, which are variable can be adjusted in height and / or in lateral direction.

The two or more plant-supporting modules can have approximately the same dimensions.

Optionally, however, the two or more plant-carrying modules can also have dimensions that differ from one another and each be designed to be of different sizes.

The plant-bearing modules assigned to the building according to the invention and variably positionable in their positions on at least one building outer wall each have a container for nutrient and / or humus and / or moisture supply and for receiving and supporting plant roots.

For example, the receptacles of the plant-carrying modules can each be trough-like or trough-like and, in particular, be open towards an upper side, with the plants arranged therein protruding or growing out. Of course, other variants are also conceivable, which include hanging plants, for example, which can also grow out of side openings in the plant-bearing modules, these side openings being usefully not arranged on the side surfaces of the modules on the building side, but on the outward-facing sides .

The receptacles of the plant-carrying modules can optionally also be designed in a shell-like manner and be open in a plane parallel to the outer wall of the building, with the plants arranged therein protruding or growing out. In the case of the building according to the invention, it can be provided that each of the plant-bearing modules is movably arranged on a rail system anchored to the respective building wall and can be at least temporarily fixed in different positions.

Such a rail system can be fixed to the respective outer wall of the building in order to be able to adjust the positions of the plant-carrying modules.

Alternatively, it can also be provided in the building that each of the plant-carrying modules is movably arranged on a cable carrying system anchored on the building and can be at least temporarily fixed in different positions.

In such a variant of the building, the ropes and / or the rope support system can in particular be anchored on an upper side of the respective outer wall of the building or on its roof.

If load-bearing ropes and / or a rope support system are mentioned at this point, this terminology is not to be understood as restrictive, but rather comprehensively. The term "rope" used here is intended to be a synonym for traction means of all types and design variants, such as straps, chains, ropes, etc., which are suitable for suspending the loads of the plant-bearing modules. The same applies to the term “rope support system” used here, which is also to be understood as a synonym for systems that work with traction means, in which the plant-carrying modules can also be suspended from belts or chains or the like.

Furthermore, an embodiment of the building according to the invention can be designed in such a way that at least some of the plant-bearing modules have a water and / or nutrient supply derived from the building and in particular variably controllable according to the amount and / or the supply intervals.

Such an optional controllable supply can supply the plant-bearing modules, in particular with water, via suitable feed lines. However, other nutrients can also be conveyed to the modules via suitable lines.

It does not have to be mentioned separately at this point that the irrigation and / or fertilization used here can also be carried out manually with the system and does not necessarily have to have an integrated and controllable supply. If the building is equipped with such a line supply, it can each have defined coupling points, with defined positions of the modules on the outer wall of the building in each case enabling automated coupling.

Depending on the design variant, the line supplies can remain permanently connected to the outside wall of the building in the various different positions of the modules.

In the case of the building according to the invention, it can be provided that several modules whose positions can be changed cover a total of a portion of the outer wall of the building which makes up a portion of between 20% and 80% of its total area.

In addition, it can be provided that several modules with variable positions cover a total of a portion of the outer wall of the building that makes up a portion between 30% and 70% of its total area, in particular a portion of more than 40% of its total area.

In the following, exemplary embodiments are intended to explain the invention and its advantages in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures. The proportions of the individual elements to one another in the figures do not always correspond to the real proportions, since some forms are simplified and other forms are shown enlarged in relation to other elements for better illustration.

1 shows a schematic and perspective view of an embodiment variant of a multi-storey building according to the invention, which is equipped with several position-changeable plant-carrying modules on at least one outer wall.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic side view of a further embodiment of a building according to the invention with several height-adjustable plant-bearing modules.

3 shows, in a total of three schematic and perspective views (FIGS. 3A to 3C), a further embodiment variant of a building according to the invention, in the outer wall of which several window openings, each spaced apart from one another, are arranged. 4 shows, in a total of three schematic and perspective detailed views (FIGS. 4A to 4C), a possible configuration of a suspension structure for the height-adjustable plant-carrying modules;

FIGS. 5 and 6 show an outer wall of a building with a further possibility of adjusting a plant-bearing module in the lateral direction and in height;

FIGS. 7 to 10 show a further possibility of adjusting a plant-carrying module in the lateral direction and in height.

The same reference numbers are used in the drawings described below for elements of the invention that are the same or have the same effect. Furthermore, for the sake of clarity, only those reference symbols are shown in the individual figures which are necessary for the description of the respective figure.

Purely as a precaution, it should be pointed out that the embodiments shown merely represent or provide examples of how the invention can be configured; there is no final limitation. The features described below are also not to be understood in close connection with further features of the respective exemplary embodiment, but can each be provided in a general context or used for this purpose.

The schematic representation of FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment variant of a building 10, which is equipped according to the invention with position-changeable plant-carrying modules 12.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the building 10 is designed as a multi-storey residential or office building and here, for example, has a cuboid shape with six floors 14, vertical outer walls 16 and a horizontal flat roof 18, the vertical outer walls 16 each adjoining one another at right angles. A plurality of windows 20 can optionally be arranged on each floor 14, and in such a multi-story building 10 these windows can each be of the same size or of different sizes. As is often the case with buildings 10 in general, the windows 20 can also be arranged at different heights, as there are virtually no limits to the window and building design.

As shown in FIG. 1, at least on the outer wall 16 of the building 10 facing the viewer there are several along this front-side outer wall 16 movable plant-carrying modules 12 are arranged, which can be adjusted variably in height and / or in the lateral direction, which is achieved by the vertical directions of movement 22 pointing up and down in the two left modules 12 and by the direction of movement 24 pointing to the left and right The right module 12 located further below is only indicated by way of example.

In contrast to what is shown in FIG. 1, significantly more than the three modules 12 shown by way of example can be arranged on the outer wall 16 of the building 10, optionally also on several outer walls 16, since the number of the plant-bearing modules 12 assigned to an outer wall 16 of the building 10 is essentially only limited by the size of the building wall 16 and the space requirement of the modules 12, although their mobility over the extension of the building facade must also be taken into account, since the individual modules 12 may also interfere with each other and be in the way, provided that no suitable measures have been taken to avoid collisions.

The schematic perspective view of FIG. 1 shows that in the exemplary embodiment shown there, the plant-carrying modules 12 each have approximately the same dimensions. In practice, however, it may also be useful to use modules 12 of different sizes if this is useful for reasons of building and / or facade design.

The plant-bearing modules 12, which can be variably positioned in their positions on the building outer wall 16, each have an elongated container 26 for supplying nutrients and / or humus and / or moisture and for receiving and supporting plant roots. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the containers 26 of the plant-carrying modules 12 are each cuboid and trough-like or trough-like and each have open tops so that the plants 28 arranged therein can protrude or grow out of them.

Optionally, the containers 26 of the plant-carrying modules 12 could also each be designed like a shell and be open in a plane parallel to the outer wall 16 of the building 10 so that the plants 28 arranged therein can protrude or grow out. However, such a variant is not shown here.

In the building 10 according to the invention and shown by way of example and in a highly schematic manner in FIG. movably arranged and at least temporarily fixable in different positions. Such a rail system can be fixed to the respective outer wall 16 of the building 10 in order to be able to adjust the plant-carrying modules 12 in their vertical and / or horizontal positions.

Such a rail system can serve, for example, to lower the modules 12 to the floor 30 if necessary in order to equip them with new plants 28, to care for the plants 28 located in the containers 26 and / or the yields of the plants 28 located in the containers 26 to harvest, since the plants 28, for example. Fruit-bearing plants 28 or vegetable plants, edible or otherwise usable herbs, tubers, etc. can be.

In addition, the rail system can also be used to move the plant-bearing modules 12 out of the shadows of neighboring buildings and to bring several modules 12 into higher positions on the outer wall 16, which can be particularly desirable in spring. The rail system can also be used to move the plant-bearing modules 12 into the shadows of neighboring buildings and to bring several modules 12 into lower positions on the outer wall 16, which can be particularly desirable in hot summer seasons. Similar motives apply to lateral movements or to combined vertical movements 22 and horizontal movements 24 of the modules 12.

Alternatively, it can also be provided in the building 10 that each of the plant-carrying modules 12 is movably arranged on a cable carrying system 32 anchored on the building 10 and can be at least temporarily fixed in different positions. In such a variant of the building 10, the cables 34 and / or the cable support system 32 can in particular be anchored on an upper side of the respective outer wall 16 of the building 10 or on its roof 18. The schematic side view of FIG. 2 shows such a possible variant of a building 10 according to the invention.

Here, the cable support system 32 is located on one of the building walls 16, so that several containers 26 are anchored one above the other on a cable 34 deflected twice (top and bottom) and can thus be moved up or down at the same time in the manner of an elevator.

FIG. 2 also shows a gray water tank 36, which is only indicated schematically here and, for example, can be positioned near the ground or in the area of the roof 18 of the building 10 or optionally also at another point. With this Gray water tank 36 should be indicated in particular that at least some of the plant-bearing modules 12 can have a water and / or nutrient supply derived from the building 10 or otherwise and in particular variably controllable according to the quantity and / or the supply intervals.

Such an optional controllable supply can supply the plant-carrying modules 12 via suitable supply lines 38, in particular with water. However, other nutrients can also be conveyed to the modules 12 via suitable lines 38. If the building 10 is equipped with such a line supply, it can have defined coupling points (not shown here), with defined positions of the modules 12 on the outer wall 16 of the building 10 in each case enabling automated coupling, which is facilitated in particular by the cable support system 32 can.

However, it is also conceivable that the line supplies 38 remain permanently coupled to the outer wall 16 of the building 10 in the respective different positions of the modules 12.

Another option is also included in Fig. 2, namely the use of used water from a fish farm or aquaculture 40 or the like Plant-bearing modules 12 with the useful or ornamental plants 28 located therein can be used.

The schematic and perspective views of FIGS. 3A to 3C illustrate a further embodiment variant of the present invention. 3A shows an exemplary outer wall 16 of a two-story building 10. A plurality of windows 20 are arranged in the outer wall 16, each of which is spaced apart from one another, both in the horizontal and in the vertical direction.

Between horizontally adjacent windows 20 are each wall areas 44 which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, correspond approximately to the width and height of a plant-bearing module 12 arranged on the outer wall 16. Such a wall region 44, which is arranged between adjacent windows 20 and has approximately the same size as the rectangular windows 20 located to the left and right thereof, is shown in an enlarged illustration in FIG. 3B. The plant-bearing module 12 shown by way of example in FIGS. 3A to 3C has a height which corresponds approximately to the height of the window 20. Since the respective width of the wall regions 44 also roughly corresponds to the width of the windows 20, the modules 12, which are roughly the same width, also have roughly the same width as the windows 20.

It should be emphasized at this point that we are talking about an exemplary embodiment that is in no way to be understood as restrictive. The invention also includes variants in which the modules 12 can be larger or smaller than windows 20 in an outer wall 16 on which the modules 12 are arranged. The fact that the outer wall 16 does not have to have any windows 20 at all, but can either be windowless or have other equipment elements, also results in a wide range of design and size of the plant-bearing modules 12 assigned to the outer wall 16.

As can be seen in particular from the perspective detailed view of FIG can be adjusted. Since the design and the contours of the plant-bearing modules 12 can have a wide range, the adjustability can also sensibly be defined in such a way that an inner side 48 of the plant-bearing module 12, which is movable along the outer wall 16 of the building 10, is angled to the outer wall 16 of the building 10 Outer wall 16 of the building 10 can be adjusted.

Furthermore, this adjustability can be defined in such a way that a module surface 50, which corresponds to the inner side 48 of the plant-bearing module 12 or within which the inner side 48 of the plant-bearing module 12 lies, is brought to the outer wall 16 of the building 10 at a variably adjustable angle of attack 46 can.

As FIG. 3C also shows, a straight line of intersection 52 runs between a module plane in which the module surface 50 lies and the wall plane in which the outer wall 16 lies, along the outer wall 16, specifically in the vertical direction. The intersection line 52, to be understood as a geometric line, corresponds in its course to a vertical direction mounted on the outer wall 16 of the building 10 Holding and guide rail 54 on which the plant-carrying module 12 is mounted so as to be adjustable in height.

It should be pointed out, purely as a precaution, that the angle of attack 46 can also be greater than, for example, 45 °, optionally between 90 ° or more. The angle of incidence 46 can also be up to 180 °, which corresponds to a module 12 pivoted completely to the other side, so that its inside 48 can point outwards and, in the exemplary embodiment shown, can cover or partially cover a window 20.

This holding and guide rail 54, which can be clearly seen in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C, is firmly anchored, for example screwed, to the outer wall 16 in the exemplary embodiment shown, specifically at a small distance from the wall. The holding and guide rail 54 is also mounted on the left edge (from the direction of an observer standing in front of the outer wall 16) of two spaced apart wall areas 44, so that there is a small distance to the windows 20 adjoining them on the left. The support and guide rail 54 extends from the floor to the building roof 18, i.e. between the lower and upper horizontal edges of the outer wall 16.

The height of the plant-carrying module 12, which can be brought into a variable angle of attack 46 to the outer wall 16, can also be adjusted along the holding and guide rail 54.

What is not shown here is an optional horizontal displaceability of the plant-bearing modules 12 along the outer wall of the building 10. Should such a horizontal mobility of the entire arrangement be desired, devices for the displaceable mounting of the holding and guide rail 54 on the outer wall 16 or on the The floor and / or in the area of the building roof 18 may be present, with the aid of which the holding and guide rail 54 could be moved over a defined path or over the horizontal extent of the outer wall 16. The rest of the structure could essentially remain as it is described in the present context.

If, for example, with modules 12 folded over more than 90 ° or up to 180 °, ie with a selected angle of incidence 46 of more than 90 ° or up to 180 °, partial covering or covering of one or more windows 20 can be avoided or not desired this can be avoided, for example, by a holding and guide rail 54 which can be displaced in the horizontal direction. The schematic and perspective detailed views of Figures 4A to 4C illustrate a possible design of a suspension structure with which the plant-bearing modules 12 can be moved in the vertical direction along the vertical direction of the longitudinal extension of the holding and guide rail 54 and also brought into a variable angle 46 to the outer wall 16 .

This suspension construction initially comprises a holder 56, referred to here in general as it is, which can be moved up and down along the holding and guide rail 54 and on which the plant-carrying module 12 is held. The holder 56 is designed in such a way that it is stable enough and can support the weight of the module 12 or, if applicable, several modules 12 and can introduce the forces into the holding and guide rail 54 fastened to the outer wall 16.

For this purpose, the holder 56 comprises a support component 58 which is formed by a rod, a tube, a U-shaped sheet steel or - as can be seen in FIGS. 4A to 4C - by two parallel sheet metal strips 60 with U-shaped frame elements 62 attached at the ends can. Each of the U-shaped frame elements 62 formed by the two sheet metal strips 60 at the top and bottom ends of the carrier component 58 also has rotatably mounted rolling rollers 64 which can roll along the holding and guide rail 54.

As can be seen in particular from FIGS. 4B and 4C, an axis 66 is located between the parallel legs of the U-shaped frame element 62 mounted on the outer wall 16 at the top, on which two axially spaced rolling rollers 64 are rotatably mounted.

As FIGS. 4B and 4C also show, between the parallel legs of the U-shaped frame element 62, which is located at the bottom in a state mounted on the outer wall 16, there is also an axis 66 on which only one roller 64 is rotatably mounted.

The fact that the two U-shaped frame elements 62 have a sufficient distance from one another corresponding to the length of the sheet metal strips 60 or the carrier component 58 results in the desired stable mounting of the modules 12 the rotatably mounted roller rollers 64 (or the upper roller pair), which are arranged at the end of the support component 58 and are thus sufficiently spaced from one another, provide the desired vertical movement possibility of the holder 56, wherein the holder 56 can be moved in the vertical direction along the longitudinal extension direction of the holding and guide rail 54 by rolling the rolling rollers 64.

The U-shaped frame elements 62 are arranged offset from one another on the carrier component 58 in such a way that the upper pair of rolling rollers 64 contacts the holding and guide rails 54 on rear edges or surfaces facing the outer wall 16 of the building 10 and rolls off there, while the lower rolling roller 64 makes contact with the holding and guide rail 54 on a front edge or surface facing the viewer standing in front of the outer wall 16 of the building 10 and rolls off there (cf. FIG. 4A).

Since the upper pair of rolling rollers 64 is attached to the rear edges or surfaces of the holding and guide rail 54 due to the load on the bracket 56, which protrudes when the plant-bearing modules 12 are installed, while the lower rolling roller 64 is attached to the front edge or surface of the holding and guide rail 54 is supported, a stable anchoring of the holder 56 and thus the entire structure can be created (see. Fig. 4A).

Furthermore, a boom 68 which can be pivoted about a vertical pivot axis 70 and on which the plant-carrying module can be anchored is mounted on the holder 56.

As can be seen in FIGS. 4A to 4C, on the rear base sections 72 of the U-shaped frame elements 62 pointing away from the outer wall 16 and facing the viewer standing in front of the outer wall 16, bearing journals 74 each point vertically upwards that are used to support the boom 68.

The boom 68 is essentially formed by a stronger horizontal holding rod 76, which in the embodiment shown is formed by a stable rectangular tube, since this holding rod bears the entire load of the plant-carrying modules 12 or the individual plant-carrying module 12 suspended thereon. For this reason, the holding rod 76 can also expediently have a length which can roughly correspond to the width of the plant-bearing modules 12 suspended on it or the individual plant-bearing module 12 suspended thereon, which in the exemplary embodiment shown also roughly corresponds to the width of the wall area 44. The stable holding rod 76, which is supported at one end on the lower bearing journal 74 of the lower U-shaped frame element 62, normally has a horizontal orientation.

At the other end facing away from the mounting on the bearing pin 74, the holding rod 76 is connected to a tension strut 78 which connects the free end of the holding rod 76 to the upper U-shaped frame element 62 of the holder 56. So that the tension strut 78 takes part in every pivoting movement of the holding rod 76 and remains within the same vertical plane, which is approximately parallel to the inside 48 of the plant-bearing module 12 (see FIG. 3C), the tension strut 78 is also on in the same way as the holding rod 76 mounted on an upper bearing pin 74, which is arranged on the rear base section 72 of the upper U-shaped frame element 62 pointing away from the outer wall 16 and facing the viewer standing in front of the outer wall 16.

As can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4, the vertical intersection line 52 (cf. FIG. 3C) and the parallel vertical pivot axis 70 (cf. FIG. 4A) are very close to one another, but generally do not coincide exactly.

A plurality of hooks 80 or differently shaped holders for hanging the plant-carrying modules 12 to be fastened thereon (cf. FIGS. 3A and 3C) can be fastened to the holding rod 76, as FIGS. 4A to 4C show by way of example.

Other types of fastening than those shown are also possible and can optionally be provided on the holding rod 76.

5 shows an outer wall 16 of a building 1 with a further possibility of adjusting a plant-bearing module 12 in the lateral direction and in height. In Fig. 5, the plant-carrying modules 12 are shown only schematically.

A rail 37 running in the horizontal direction is arranged on the outer wall 16 of the building, which is not completely illustrated in FIG. 5, and extends at least approximately completely over the entire width of the outer wall 16. A trolley 39 or a hoist 41 is arranged on the rail 37. The lifting mechanism 41 has a cable pull 43 with a first cable 45 and a second cable 47, which carry a gripping device 49 or which are connected to a gripping device 49. The gripping device 49 comprises two deliverable gripping elements which can releasably receive a respective plant-carrying module 12.

If a respective plant-carrying module 12 is to be adjusted laterally or in height, the trolley 39 is moved horizontally in the direction of the respective plant-carrying module 12, if necessary. In addition, the gripping device 49 is raised or lowered in the vertical direction via the cable 43, if necessary, so that the gripping device 49 is then located in the vicinity of the respective plant-carrying module 12.

By means of a corresponding feed movement, the respective plant-carrying module 12 can then be received via the gripping device 49 and moved into a desired position by horizontally moving the trolley 39 along the rail 37 and / or by raising and / or lowering it via the cable mechanism 43.

6 shows a further possibility of a lateral adjustment and / or an adjustment in height for a plant-bearing module 12. Also in FIG. 6, in accordance with the previous description of FIG a trolley 39 or a hoist 41 is in connection.

Likewise, in the embodiment according to FIG. 6, a cable pull 43 is provided, which comprises two cables 45 and 47 running parallel to one another, which can be pulled in or unrolled together to adjust a plant-carrying module 12 in height. In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, a hook 51 or 51 'is arranged on each of the two cables 45 and 47. Via the hooks 51 and 51 ', the lifting mechanism 41 can connect to a respective linkage 53 of a respective plant-carrying module 12 and then adjust or move the respective plant-carrying module 12.

FIGS. 7 to 10 show a further possibility of adjusting a plant-carrying module 12 in the lateral direction and in height. In the embodiment according to FIGS. 7 to 10, an upper linear guide 71 and a lower linear guide 73 are provided. The upper linear guide 71 has an upper guide rail 77. Their detailed design can be seen in FIGS. 8 and 9. The lower linear guide 73 has a lower guide rail 75. Its detailed configuration can be seen in FIG. With the upper linear guide 71 and the lower linear guide 73, two guide rails 54, each vertically oriented and running parallel to one another, are connected. With the aid of the upper linear guide 71 and the lower linear guide 73, the two vertically oriented and parallel guide rails 54 can be moved together in the horizontal direction.

In addition, at least one plant-carrying module 12 can be arranged on the two vertically oriented guide rails 54 running parallel to one another. This at least one plant-bearing module 12, which is connected to the two vertically oriented and parallel guide rails 54, can thus be displaced in the horizontal direction together with the two vertically oriented and parallel guide rails 54.

FIG. 8 shows, in particular, the configuration of the upper linear guide 71 of the exemplary embodiment already described for FIG. 7. The upper linear guide 71 comprises an upper guide rail 77 on which two guide rollers 81 stand. The guide rollers 81 can thus move along the upper guide rail 77 if the two vertically oriented and parallel guide rails 54 are to be adjusted in the horizontal direction.

FIG. 8 also shows that the two guide rollers 81 are coupled to one another via a connecting means 85. Arranged on the connecting means 85 are two deflection rollers 83, which can guide a cable provided for vertical adjustment of the plant-carrying modules 12 and not shown in FIG. 8.

FIG. 9 shows a further schematic perspective view of the upper linear guide 71. In particular, the structural design of the vertically running guide rails 54, the upper guide rail 87 and the guide rollers 81 can again be seen clearly in FIG.

In particular, FIG. 10 shows the configuration of the lower linear guide 73, which comprises a lower guide rail 89. A profile 93, to which the two vertically extending guide rails 54 are attached, is arranged on the lower guide rail 89. The profile 93 can thus along the lower guide rail 89 can be moved together with the vertically extending guide rails 54 in the horizontal direction.

10 also shows that two motors 91 are seated on the profile 93. The motors 91 can be provided for winding and unwinding a respective rope. The ropes can be guided over the pulleys 83, as shown in the previous FIGS. If necessary, plant-carrying modules 12 can be raised in the vertical direction or lowered in the vertical direction via the ropes.

Claims

Expectations

1. At least one floor (14), in particular several floors (14) having building (10) with several angularly adjoining outer walls (16), each optionally with transparent sections and / or with window or access openings (20) at different heights can be provided, at least one of the outer walls (16) at least one along the outer wall (16) movable plant-carrying module (12) of defined size is arranged, which is variable in height and / or in lateral direction and / or its angle to the adjacent Outer wall (16) can be adjusted.

2. Building according to claim 1, in which at least one horizontal rail (37) is attached to the at least one outer wall (16), along which a hoist (41) operating on the principle of a trolley (39) is movably arranged, which can produce a detachable connection to the at least one plant-bearing module (12) arranged along the outer wall (16) for lateral adjustment and / or for height adjustment.

3. Building according to claim 2, in which the hoist (41) working on the principle of a trolley (39) comprises at least one cable pull (43), via which the at least one plant-bearing module (16) arranged along the outer wall (16) is releasably connected. 12) can be adjusted in height.

4. Building according to claim 3, in which the at least one cable pull (43) comprises at least one first cable (45) and at least one second cable (47), which at least one first cable (45) and which at least one second cable (47) run parallel to one another and interact in height to adjust the at least one plant-bearing module (12) arranged along the outer wall (16).

5. Building according to one of claims 2 to 4, in which the at least one horizontally extending rail (37) is attached to the at least one outer wall (16) in such a way that the at least one horizontally extending rail (37) is above all window openings (20) of the respective outer wall (16) is located.

6. Building according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein one to the outer wall (16) of the building (10) facing inside (48) of the at least one along the Outer wall (16) of the building (10) movable plant-bearing module (12) can be positioned at an angle to the outer wall (16) of the building (10).

7. Building according to one of claims 1 to 6, in which a module surface (50) which corresponds to the inside (48) of the plant-bearing module (12) or within which the inside (48) of the plant-bearing module (12) lies in a variably adjustable setting angle (46) can be brought to a surface which corresponds to the outer wall (16) of the building (10) or within which the outer wall (16) lies.

8. Building according to claim 7, in which a line of intersection (52) between a module plane in which the module surface (50) lies and the wall plane in which the outer wall (16) lies has an approximately vertical course and runs along the outer wall ( 16) runs.

9. Building according to one of claims 1 to 8, in which a substantially vertically extending holding and guide rail (54) is mounted on the outer wall (16) of the building (10), on which the at least one plant-bearing module (12) is adjustable in height. or at least one plant-carrying module (12) is mounted.

10. Building according to claim 9, wherein the substantially vertically extending holding and guide rail (54) is mounted on the outer wall (16) of the building (10) in such a way that the vertically extending holding and guide rail (54) in the horizontal direction can be displaced along the outer wall (16) of the building (10) and / or moved in the horizontal direction along the outer wall (16) of the building (10).

11. Building according to claim 9 or claim 10, in which the plant-bearing module (12) is pivotably mounted on a holder (56) which is mounted so as to be adjustable in height along the holding and guide rail (54).

12. Building according to claim 11, in which the holder (56) comprises a carrier (58) with spaced apart, each rotatably mounted rolling rollers (64) which are mounted on the holding and guide rail (54), the holder (56 ) is movable by rolling the roller rollers (64) in the vertical direction along the longitudinal extension direction of the holding and guide rail (54).

13. Building according to claim 11 or 12, in which a boom (68) which is pivotable about a vertical pivot axis (70) and on which the plant-carrying module (12) is anchored is mounted on the holder (56).

14. Building according to one of claims 1 to 13, in which the building (10) is assigned a control device which generates control values from the detection of incident light, a time of day, seasonally or seasonally variable position of the sun or other environmental or environmental parameters that generate a motorized Variation of the angle of attack (46) between the module surface (50) of the plant-bearing module (12) and the surface that corresponds to the outer wall (16) of the building (10) or within which the outer wall (16) is located can cause.

15. Building according to one of claims 1 to 14, in which on at least one of the outer walls (16) at least two along the outer wall (16) movable plant-bearing modules (12) of defined size are arranged, which are variable in height and / or in lateral Direction and / or their angles of attack (46) to the respective outer wall (16) can be adjusted.

16. Building according to one of claims 1 to 15, in which at least one of the outer walls (16) three or more along the outer wall (16) movable plant-bearing modules (12) of defined size are arranged, which are variable in height and / or in can be adjusted laterally and / or in their angles of attack (46) to the respective outer wall (16).

17. Building according to one of claims 1 to 16, in which the plant-bearing modules (12) each have at least one container (26) for supplying nutrients and / or humus and / or moisture and for receiving and supporting plant roots.

18. Building according to claim 17, in which the receptacles (26) of the plant-carrying modules (12) are each trough-like and open to an upper side, with the plants (28) arranged therein protruding or growing out.

19. Building according to claim 17, in which the containers (26) of the plant-bearing modules (12) are each designed like a shell and are open in a plane parallel to the outer wall (16) of the building (10), the plants (28 ) stick out or wax house.

20. Building according to one of claims 1 to 19, in which at least some of the plant-bearing modules (12) have a water and / or nutrient supply derived from the building (10) and in particular variably controllable according to the amount and / or the supply intervals.

21. Building according to claim 20, wherein the controllable supply over the modules (12)

Lines (38) supplied with water.

22. Building according to one of claims 1 to 21, in which each of the plant-bearing modules (12) is movably arranged on a cable support system (32) anchored on the building (10) and can be at least temporarily fixed in different positions.

23. Building according to claim 22, in which the cables (34) and / or the cable support system (32) are anchored on an upper side of the respective outer wall (16) of the building (10) or on its roof (18).