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EP4159928B1 - Dispositif de changement rapide - Google Patents

Dispositif de changement rapide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4159928B1
EP4159928B1 EP22205625.1A EP22205625A EP4159928B1 EP 4159928 B1 EP4159928 B1 EP 4159928B1 EP 22205625 A EP22205625 A EP 22205625A EP 4159928 B1 EP4159928 B1 EP 4159928B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
adapter
quick coupler
axis
securing element
securing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP22205625.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4159928A1 (fr
Inventor
Benjamin SCHUBERT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lehnhoff Hartstahl GmbH
Original Assignee
Lehnhoff Hartstahl GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lehnhoff Hartstahl GmbH filed Critical Lehnhoff Hartstahl GmbH
Publication of EP4159928A1 publication Critical patent/EP4159928A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4159928B1 publication Critical patent/EP4159928B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
    • E02F3/3622—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat with a hook and a locking element acting on a pin
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
    • E02F3/3627—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat with a hook and a longitudinal locking element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
    • E02F3/364—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat using wedges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
    • E02F3/365—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat with redundant latching means, e.g. for safety purposes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a quick coupler according to the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such quick couplers are used to easily and conveniently change different attachments on earthmoving machines, such as construction machines and excavators.
  • a quick coupler for example, swivel buckets, grippers, scissors, compactors, magnets, hydraulic hammers or other attachments can be coupled or uncoupled from a driver's cab, for example to the boom of an excavator, in just a few seconds and with a high level of safety.
  • the attachments/working devices are each provided with an adapter which has two mutually parallel adapter axes or an adapter axis on one side and a different designed adapter element, for example an adapter plate, on the other side.
  • the quick coupler When coupling, the quick coupler engages one side of an adapter axle of the adapter.
  • the quick coupler comprises a housing and at least one coupling claw aligned in a first direction for engaging in the associated adapter axis of the adapter.
  • the quick coupler is provided with a locking element that can be moved between a locking position and an opening position for locking the quick coupler in the adapter and is aligned in a second direction.
  • a safety mechanism in the form of a safety catch is provided for holding the adapter axis of the adapter on the working device.
  • the securing mechanism has at least one movable securing element, which can be pivoted about a first axis of rotation between an opening position and a securing position. In the securing position, the opening of the coupling claw is reduced so that the adapter axis of the adapter and the implement are in any case is held in a form-fitting manner.
  • the locking element has come loose unintentionally, which is possible if the locking is faulty.
  • the locking element is only minimally extended and is supported against part of the adapter, or is completely extended into the void. However, if the quick coupler is completely unlocked, the additional securing element is pressed into the open position.
  • a quick coupler is out of the box EP 2 119 834 A2 known.
  • the securing element in the closed position of the adapter axis of the adapter and in the securing position of the securing element, the securing element has a first contact area.
  • the securing element rests on the adapter axle via this first contact area when the adapter axle is in the closed position of the coupling claws of the quick coupler.
  • This first contact area is arranged with respect to the axis of rotation of the securing element in such a way that when the adapter axis is loaded in the direction out of the closed position in the coupling claw of the quick coupler, this force resulting from the load pushes the securing element further into the securing position via the first contact area presses around the axis of rotation.
  • this design weakens the coupling claw, which can lead to premature material failure.
  • the weakened claw can also cause it to bend open, since the forces generated by the arrangement of the axis of rotation in the immediate vicinity of the first contact area can become very large.
  • this quick coupler is very high, which is disadvantageous in operation, and is open at the bottom and therefore unprotected from external influences.
  • a generic quick coupler similar to this version is from the US 2003/0154636 A1 known.
  • the coupling claw is open at the bottom and the securing element closes the coupling claws at the bottom and thus secures the adapter axle.
  • Disadvantage of this construction is that a large proportion of the forces that occur during operation necessarily act on the securing element. This leads to jamming, premature wear and deterioration of the locking mechanism.
  • the first contact area is arranged on one side of the plane and the axis of rotation is arranged on the other side of the plane in relation to a plane perpendicular to a straight line which runs perpendicular to the axis of rotation and to a central axis of the coupling claw when the adapter axis is the clutch claws are in the closed position.
  • the plane runs through the claw axis.
  • the invention is based on the object of developing a quick coupler according to the type specified in the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that a reliable construction is made possible, which enables easy handling, while avoiding the disadvantages mentioned.
  • a reliable construction is made possible, which enables easy handling, while avoiding the disadvantages mentioned.
  • the quick coupler should also be low-profile.
  • the invention is based on the finding that by arranging the axis of rotation in the housing of the quick coupler and at a distance relative to the first contact area and by arranging the adapter axis in the coupling claw between the first contact area and the axis of rotation of the securing element in the securing position and by a Adapter axis carrying coupling claw during operation, on the one hand, the coupling claw is not weakened and, on the other hand, further constructive possibilities arise, which result from the lever of the securing element created between the first contact area and the axis of rotation, which ensure safe and error-free operation and, in particular, simplified drive options and handling options for the securing element. A force component in the opening direction is avoided. This further ensures in a simple manner that unintentional opening of the securing element is avoided, even under the loads that occur during operation, since the securing element is then pressed further towards the closed position using a higher torque.
  • the securing element has at least one shape with a second contact area, which comes into contact with the adapter axis of the adapter when the quick coupler is inserted into the adapter and through a predetermined further relative movement of the adapter axis in the direction of the closed position of the adapter axis via the second contact area of the securing element presses it into the opening position around the axis of rotation.
  • the second contact area together with the central axis of the adapter axis, forms a second straight line that runs perpendicular to the central axis.
  • the axis of rotation is arranged above so that when the adapter axis of the adapter comes into contact with the securing element when the quick coupler is inserted into the adapter, the axis of rotation is arranged above the straight line when the adapter axis rests on, in particular the front area, of the coupling claw and rests on the second contact area.
  • This makes it possible for the securing element to open automatically during the recording process of an adapter axle, even if an operator forgets to actively open the securing element and thus unlock the quick coupler.
  • a torque in the direction of the opening position results when this contact area is loaded in the direction of the coupling claws.
  • the moment to hold the adapter axle in the coupling claw is easily provided by the lever arm.
  • the coupling claw is not weakened and operational safety is therefore easily increased. If there are large loads during operation, the securing element is pressed into the securing position using a torque. This prevents the securing element from moving out of the securing position towards the opening position, even under high loads during operation.
  • the quick coupler thus has greater security in the closed position and securing position, in which the adapter axis of the adapter of the attachment remains connected to the quick coupler in all cases. This will definitely prevent attachments that have been locked incorrectly or not from falling down.
  • the claw axis can be arranged concentrically to the central axis of the adapter axis when the adapter axis is properly in the closed position.
  • the axis of rotation of the securing element in the open position can be arranged above relative to a horizontal plane and the first contact area can be arranged below this horizontal plane. Additionally or alternatively, the axis of rotation in the closed position can be arranged above relative to the horizontal plane and the first contact area can be arranged below this horizontal plane. This results in favorable leverage effects during operation of the securing element.
  • a third contact area of the securing element is provided, which comes into contact with the adapter axis and the securing element with a further relative movement of the adapter axis in the direction of the closed position of the securing element from the opening position around the axis of rotation.
  • the adapter axle of the adapter which is connected to an attachment, is picked up, it is moved into the center of the claw of the quick coupler.
  • the adapter axis hits the third contact area of the securing element.
  • the resulting force on the third contact area causes the securing element to rotate about its axis of rotation in the direction of the closed position.
  • the first, second and third contact areas of the securing element can be arranged at different positions on the securing element relative to one another, in particular in order to optimize the leverage ratios for the functions mentioned.
  • the securing element when the quick coupler is not unlocked, the securing element is arranged in the securing position, the second contact area then being arranged in such a way that when the quick coupler is inserted into the adapter when the quick coupler is not unlocked, the second contact area is the first to come into contact with the adapter axis .
  • This ensures that the securing element moves in the direction of the opening position via the adapter axis and the second contact area, thus enabling the adapter axis to be easily inserted into the coupling claw.
  • the coupling claw extends so far forward that it serves as a guide for the adapter axle when this adapter axle is inserted into the coupling claw.
  • the first contact area can be arranged so that when the adapter axis is in the closed position in the coupling claw of the quick coupler, the first contact area is arranged above a straight line which is perpendicular between the axis of rotation of the securing element and along the claw axis. In a simple manner, a torque of the securing element results in the securing position when the first contact area is loaded by the adapter axis. This design is chosen if the axis of rotation is arranged above or in the upper area of the coupling claw.
  • the first contact area can be arranged so that when the adapter axis is in the closed position in the coupling claw of the quick coupler, the first contact area is arranged below a straight line which runs perpendicularly between the axis of rotation of the securing element and the claw axis. This design is chosen if the axis of rotation is arranged below the coupling claw or in the lower area.
  • the first contact area can be arranged in such a way that when the adapter axis is in the closed position in the coupling claw of the quick coupler, the first contact area is arranged on an inside of the securing element, which is located on a distance from the axis of rotation, perpendicular to the straight line and through the plane running on the central axis and/or the claw axis lies.
  • At least one of the contact areas is designed in such a way that the contact area rests on the adapter axis in a point-shaped or linear manner. This allows the system and thus the power transmission between the adapter axis and the securing element to be easily defined and thus predetermined.
  • the securing element encompasses the adapter axis by more than 140°, in particular 150°, preferably 160°, in relation to the central axis of the adapter axis in the securing position of the securing element and in the closed position.
  • the pivot angle of the securing element can be between 15° and 90°, in particular between 20° and 30°.
  • the securing element can be actively and permanently pressed towards the securing position using auxiliary energy. For example, this can be done by a spring that acts on the securing element in the direction of the securing position.
  • the securing element is claw-shaped, with the claw extending straight in some areas, in particular being able to run straight at the free end.
  • the securing element can be moved from the securing position into an opening position by a drive element.
  • the drive element can be coupled to the drive of the locking element of the quick coupler. Alternatively or additionally, the drive element can also be coupled to an opening mechanism that is independent of the drive of the locking element.
  • the securing element has a curvature on the side facing the adapter axis in the securing position, which is provided with different diameters along its course.
  • the securing element can have a curvature on the side facing the adapter axis in the securing position, which has a uniform diameter over its course.
  • the securing element described above is used together with a quick coupler which has at least one translationally extendable locking bolt on the side of the housing remote from the coupling claws.
  • This design has a low profile and therefore has a low overall height and enables the adapter to be held securely.
  • a boom 10 of a work machine namely an earthmoving machine, for example an excavator
  • a quick-change device 12 is arranged, which in turn engages a conventional excavator bucket 14.
  • the quick-change device 12 consists of a quick coupler 16 connected to the boom 10 and an adapter 18.
  • the adapter 18 is firmly welded to the excavator bucket 14.
  • the boom 10 can be connected to various tools, for example the excavator bucket 14 shown, via the adapter 18 to the quick coupler 16 via the quick-change device 12.
  • other tools can also be used, in particular those that are hydraulically driven, such as a hydraulic hammer, hydraulic scissors and the like. Each of these tools is provided with an adapter 18.
  • the adapter 18 of the quick-change device 12 is formed by two lateral adapter walls 18a, which are connected to one another on one side by an adapter axle 18b and on the other side by a locking plate 18c, see Fig. 2 .
  • a further adapter axis 18b can also be provided instead of a locking plate 18c.
  • the side adapter walls 18a, the adapter axle 18b and the locking plate 18c form a frame that is firmly welded to the excavator bucket 14, see Fig. 1 and 2 .
  • the locking plate 18c On the side facing the adapter axis 18b, the locking plate 18c has a clamping surface which is inclined to a vertical surface, based on the base surface of the adapter 18, by 3° to 35°, preferably by 5° to 15°.
  • the locking plate 18c is further provided with two conical openings which are arranged at a distance from one another, next to one another and which are conical in longitudinal section and aligned parallel to one another. Each cone opening is assigned to a locking bolt 20 of the quick coupler 16 that can be moved into the cone opening.
  • the front end of the locking bolt 20 is designed as a cone end.
  • the cone angle of the cone openings delimited by the cone lateral surfaces is dimensioned corresponding to the cone end of the locking bolts 20.
  • the quick coupler 16 is provided with an approximately cuboid quick coupler housing 16a and has a coupling claw 16b on one side of the quick coupler housing 16a, a total of two, which are in the state in which the quick coupler 16 in the adapter 18 is in a closed position is arranged, the adapter axis 18b encompasses areas.
  • the two coupling claws 16b have a central axis 40.
  • Each clutch claw is formed in a part-circle cross-section by a radius or several radii that relate to the central axis 40 of the clutch claw 16b.
  • the end face 16c of the quick coupler housing 16a facing away from the coupling claws 16b is inclined by 5° to 15° with respect to the vertical - corresponding to the clamping surface of the locking plate 18c - and also has two openings, through which a locking bolt is mounted in the quick coupler housing 16a in a longitudinally displaceable manner 20 can pass through.
  • the end face 16c forms an abutment surface and lies in a locking position of the quick coupler 16 in the adapter 18 on the clamping surface of the locking plate 18c.
  • the ends of the locking bolts 20 facing away from the quick coupler housing 16a are frusto-conical with a cone angle of 5° to 15° and correspond to the openings in the locking plate 18c.
  • the coupling claws 16b are adapted to the cylindrical outer circumference of the adapter axle 18b and are open in the direction away from the quick coupler housing 16a.
  • the coupling claws 16b are an integral part of the quick coupler housing 16a and define a U-shaped recess 16d on the side between the coupling claws 16b.
  • a securing mechanism 22 is provided in the upper area for securing the adapter axis 18b of the adapter 18 in the coupling claws 16b.
  • the securing mechanism 22 comprises a securing element 24 which extends essentially between the two coupling claws 16b and can be pivoted about an axis of rotation 26.
  • the axis of rotation 26 passes through the securing element 24, is mounted in a rotationally fixed manner in the housing 16a of the quick coupler 16, namely above the coupling claws 16b, and extends between the two coupling claws 16b through the U-shaped recess 16d.
  • the securing element 24 consists of several individual disks 24a, which are arranged in a form-fitting, rotationally fixed manner on the axis of rotation and are braced laterally towards one another. This simplifies the production of the securing element.
  • the securing element 24 can also be made of the same material, in one piece, for example as a casting.
  • the quick coupler 16 is shown in a side view.
  • the adapter axle 18b rests in the front area 16e of the coupling claws 16b. This front area serves as a guide for inserting the adapter axle 18b into the two coupling claws 16b.
  • Fig. 5 the securing element 24 is opened and the quick coupler 16 is unlocked.
  • the locking bolts 20 of the quick coupler 16 are retracted. If the quick coupler 16 is now moved in the direction of the adapter axis 18b, the adapter axis 18b abuts a third contact area 24d of the securing element 24 and presses the securing element into the securing position, as shown in Fig. 8 and 10c is shown.
  • a torque is thus generated which moves the securing element 24 in the direction of its securing position.
  • the third contact area 24d is arranged so that when the adapter axis 18b rests on the third contact area 24d, this is located above a first straight line 30 perpendicular to the axis of rotation 26 and to a central axis 40 of the coupling claw 16b.
  • This central axis 40 of the coupling claw 16, i.e. the claw axis 40 is concentric to the central axis 28 of the adapter axis 18b when it is in the closed position, see Fig. 10c .
  • securing element 24 is in its securing position and the quick coupler 16 is in its locking position, in which the locking bolts 20 are extended.
  • Fig. 6 the securing element 24 is closed and the quick coupler 16 is locked.
  • the locking bolts 20 of the quick coupler 16 are extended. If the quick coupler 16 is now moved in the direction of the adapter axis 18b, the adapter axis 18b abuts a second contact area 24c of the securing element 24 and presses the securing element 24 about the axis of rotation 26 into the open position, as shown in Fig. 5 , Fig. 7 and Fig. 10a is shown.
  • a torque is thus generated which moves the securing element 24 in the direction of its opening position.
  • the second contact area 24c is arranged in such a way that when the adapter axis 18b rests on the second touch area 24c, this together with the central axis 28 of the adapter axis 18b forms a second straight line 36 and the rotation axis 26 is located above the second straight line 36. In any case, it should be the case that a force vector resulting from the adapter axis 18b acts in the opening direction of the securing element 24.
  • the quick coupler 16 is shown in a sectional view with a section through the longitudinal center plane.
  • the quick coupler 16 is shown in its unlocked state with the locking bolt 20 retracted.
  • the securing element 24 is open and therefore in its open position.
  • the quick coupler 16 is shown in its locked state with the locking bolt 20 extended.
  • the securing element 24 is in its securing position and also shows a recorded adapter axis 18b.
  • the adapter axle 18b is in the closed position in the quick coupler 16.
  • an actuating pin 32 coupled to the drive of the locking bolts 20 is shown.
  • the actuating pin 32 moves the securing element 24 into its open position when the quick coupler 16 is unlocked, see Fig. 7 .
  • the actuating pin 32 engages the securing element 24 above the rotation axis 26 on the side facing away from the adapter axis 18b.
  • the actuating pin 32 moves linearly along the longitudinal axis 16f of the quick coupler 16f towards the securing element 24.
  • the securing element 24 is rotated about the axis of rotation 26 into the opening position of the securing element 24 via the torque generated thereby.
  • the actuating pin 32 initially moves outwards when unlocking the quick coupler 16 and, with a time delay, the locking bolts 20 move from the locking position to the unlocking position.
  • the time-offset movement of the locking bolts 20 relative to the actuating pin 32 is, as is known, realized by a gear. This is basically known, so it will not be described in more detail in this context.
  • the securing element 24 is biased towards the securing position by a spring 34, which acts on the side of the securing element 24.
  • the spring can also be integrated into the securing element 24 and supported on the housing 16a. If the quick coupler 16 is locked, the locking bolts 20 move into their locking position, the actuating pin 32 also moves away from the securing element 24 and releases the securing element 24. The spring force of the spring 34, supported by the force generated by the adapter axis 18b on the third contact area 24d, then moves the securing element 24 from the opening position into the securing position.
  • the securing element 24 encompasses the adapter axis 18b by approximately 160 °.
  • a defined first contact area 24b is provided, which comes into contact with the adapter axle 18b if there are loads on the adapter axle 18b in the direction coming out of the coupling claw 16b, for example due to incorrect locking of the quick coupler 16.
  • This contact area 24b causes the securing element 24 is pressed further towards the securing position about the axis of rotation 26 when the adapter axis 18b is subjected to loads in the direction coming out of the coupling claws 16b.
  • the first contact area 24b is arranged so that the first touch area 24b is located above the first straight line 30, which runs perpendicular to the axis of rotation 26 and to the central axis 28 of the adapter axis 18b when the adapter axis 18b is in the closed position of the coupling claws 16b.
  • the first contact area 24b is arranged on an inside 24e of the securing element 24, which lies on a plane 38 which is remote from the axis of rotation 26 and runs perpendicular to the first straight line 30 and through the central axis 28.
  • the first contact area 24b is therefore located on one side of the plane 38 and 38 in relation to the vertical plane 38 to the first straight line 30, which runs perpendicular to the axis of rotation 26 and to the claw axis 40 as well as to the central axis 28 of the associated adapter axis 18, which is arranged concentrically to the claw axis the axis of rotation 26 on the other side of the plane 38 when the adapter axis 18b is in the closed position of the coupling claws 16b.
  • the mentioned load on the first contact area 24b generates a high torque on the securing element 24 as a result of the lever arm between the axis of rotation 26 and the first contact area 24b in the direction of the closed position. During operation, this simply prevents the security element 24 from opening unintentionally.
  • the axis of rotation 26 is arranged above in the open position and in the closed position relative to a horizontal plane and the first contact area 24b is arranged below this horizontal plane.
  • the adapter axle 18b is now securely connected to the quick coupler 16 and can no longer be released due to the positive connection with the adapter axle 18b resulting from the pivoting of the securing element 24.
  • the securing element 24 is additionally secured against unintentional opening of the securing element 24.
  • Fig. 9 the quick coupler 16 is shown from the front when the securing element 24 is in the open position.
  • the adapter axle 18b is not inserted into the coupling claws 16b.
  • the spring 34 tensions the axis of rotation 26 with the securing element 24 in the direction of the securing position of the securing element 24, against the adjacent actuating pin 32.
  • the spring 34 is supported on the quick coupler housing 16a on one side and engages on the securing element on the other side 24 and the axis of rotation 26.
  • the spring 34 is a torsion spring.
  • the coupling claws 16b extend horizontally towards their free end.
  • the front area 16e connects the two clutch claws 16b.
  • other types of spring elements can also be used. It is also possible that the necessary force is generated hydraulically, for example, instead of the spring force.
  • the adapter axle 18b which connects the side adapter walls 18a to one another and is welded to them, is arranged outside the coupling claws 16b.
  • the securing element 24 is in its open position.
  • the quick coupler 16 is unlocked.
  • the actuating pin 32 presses the securing element 24 into the open position. If the adapter axle 18b is now to be gripped, the quick coupler 16 moves in the direction of the adapter axle 18b, so that it rests on the front area 16e of the coupling claws 16b and is guided over it in the direction of the coupling claws 16b. From a certain relative position, the adapter axis 18b comes into contact with the third contact area 24d.
  • the adapter axis 18b presses the securing element 24 towards the securing position of the securing element 24 via the third contact area 24d. This creates a torque which causes the securing element 24 to rotate about the axis of rotation 26.
  • the adapter axis 18b first comes into contact with the second contact area 24c.
  • a torque is created via the second contact area 24c in the direction of the opening position, through which the securing element 24 pivots about the axis of rotation 26.
  • the adapter axis 18b moves further, the third contact area 24d of the securing element 24 comes into contact with the adapter axis 18b and the securing element 24 pivots towards the securing position. If the adapter axis 18b is in the closed position relative to the coupling claws 16b, the securing element 24 is also in its securing position, see Fig. 10c .
  • the first contact area 24b comes into contact with the adapter axle 18b.
  • the geometric conditions described above create a torque in the direction of the securing position, so that the securing element 24 cannot open under any circumstances.
  • the first contact area 24b, the second touch area 24c and the third touch area 24d are arranged at different positions on the securing element 24 relative to one another.
  • the contact areas 24b, 24c, 24d preferably lie in a line shape on the adapter axis 18b.
  • the pivot angle of the securing element 24 is between 15° and 90°, in particular between 20° and 30°.
  • the securing element 24 is claw-shaped and has a curvature on the side facing the adapter axis 18b in the securing position, which is provided with different diameters along its course.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
  • Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Attache rapide (16) pour la liaison d'un appareil de travail pourvu de respectivement un adaptateur (18) à un véhicule de terrassement, tel qu'un excavateur, avec un boîtier (16a), avec au moins une griffe d'accouplement (16b) orientée dans une première direction pour l'insertion dans un axe d'adaptateur (18b) associé de l'adaptateur (18), avec un élément de verrouillage mobile entre une position de verrouillage et une position d'ouverture pour le verrouillage de l'attache rapide (16) dans l'adaptateur (18), dans laquelle l'élément de verrouillage est orienté dans une deuxième direction, et avec un mécanisme de blocage (22) pour le blocage de l'axe d'adaptateur (18b) de l'adaptateur (18) dans la griffe d'accouplement (16b), lorsque l'axe d'adaptateur (18b) se trouve dans la position de fermeture de l'attache rapide (16) dans la griffe d'accouplement (16b), le mécanisme de blocage (22) présentant au moins un élément de blocage (24) mobile, lequel peut pivoter autour d'un premier axe de rotation (26) entre une position d'ouverture et une position de blocage, l'élément de blocage (24) présentant dans la position de fermeture de l'axe d'adaptateur (18b) et dans la position de blocage de l'élément de blocage une première zone de contact (24b), par l'intermédiaire de laquelle l'élément de blocage (24) peut s'appliquer si besoin est sur l'axe d'adaptateur (18b), cette première zone de contact (24b) étant disposée par rapport à l'axe de rotation (26) de sorte que lors d'une sollicitation de l'axe d'adaptateur (18b) dans la direction hors de la position de fermeture dans la griffe d'accouplement (16b) de l'attache rapide (16), cette force résultant de la sollicitation presse l'élément de blocage (24) par l'intermédiaire de la première zone de contact (24b) davantage dans la position de blocage autour de l'axe de rotation (26), la première zone de contact (24b) étant disposée, relativement à un plan vertical (38) par rapport à une droite (30) laquelle s'étend perpendiculairement à l'axe de rotation (26) et à un axe médian (40) de la griffe d'accouplement (16b), sur l'un des côtés du plan (38) et l'axe de rotation (26) sur l'autre côté du plan (38), lorsque l'axe d'adaptateur (18b) se trouve dans la position de fermeture de la griffe d'accouplement (16b), le plan (38) s'étendant à travers l'axe de griffe (40), caractérisée en ce que l'élément de blocage (24) présente au moins une forme avec une deuxième zone de contact (24c), qui vient en contact avec l'axe d'adaptateur (18b) de l'adaptateur (18) lors de l'introduction de l'attache rapide (16) dans l'adaptateur (18) et par un autre mouvement relatif prédéfini de l'axe d'adaptateur (18b) en direction de la position de fermeture de l'axe d'adaptateur (18b) par l'intermédiaire de la deuxième zone de contact (24c) de l'élément de blocage (24), et qui presse celui-ci dans la position d'ouverture autour de l'axe de rotation (26), et en ce que la deuxième zone de contact (24c) forme conjointement avec l'axe médian (28) de l'axe d'adaptateur (18b) une deuxième droite (36) s'étendant perpendiculairement à l'axe médian (28) et l'axe de rotation (26) est ainsi disposé au-dessus de sorte que lorsque l'axe d'adaptateur (18b) de l'adaptateur (18) vient en contact avec l'élément de blocage (24) lors de l'introduction de l'attache rapide (16) dans l'adaptateur (18), l'axe de rotation est disposé au-dessus de la droite (36), lorsque l'axe d'adaptateur (18b) repose sur la griffe d'accouplement (16b), en particulier sa zone avant (16e), et s'applique contre la deuxième zone de contact (24c).
  2. Attache rapide selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'axe de griffe (40) est disposé de manière concentrique par rapport à l'axe médian (28) de l'axe d'adaptateur (18b), lorsque l'axe d'adaptateur (18b) se trouve correctement dans la position de fermeture.
  3. Attache rapide selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'axe de rotation (26) dans la position d'ouverture est disposé au-dessus relativement à un plan horizontal et la première zone de contact (24b) au-dessous de ce plan horizontal et/ou l'axe de rotation (26) dans la position de fermeture est disposé au-dessus relativement au plan horizontal et la première zone de contact (24b) au-dessous de ce plan horizontal.
  4. Attache rapide selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les première et deuxième zones de contact (24b, 24c) de l'élément de blocage (24) sont disposées l'une par rapport à l'autre dans différentes positions sur l'élément de blocage (24).
  5. Attache rapide selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que lorsque l'attache rapide (16) n'est pas déverrouillée l'élément de blocage (24) est disposé dans la position de blocage, dans laquelle la deuxième zone de contact (24c) est disposée de sorte que lors de l'introduction de l'attache rapide (16) dans l'adaptateur (18) lorsque l'attache rapide (16) n'est pas déverrouillée la deuxième zone de contact (24c) vient en premier en contact avec l'axe d'adaptateur (18b).
  6. Attache rapide selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'une zone avant (16e) de la griffe d'accouplement (16b) s'étend à une distance telle du boîtier (16a) que celle-ci sert de guidage de l'axe d'adaptateur (18b) lors de l'introduction de l'axe d'adaptateur (18b) dans la griffe d'accouplement (16b).
  7. Attache rapide selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la première zone de contact (24b) est disposée de sorte que lorsque l'axe d'adaptateur (18b) se trouve dans la position de fermeture dans la griffe d'accouplement (16b) de l'attache rapide (16), la première zone de contact (24b) est disposée au-dessus d'une droite (30), laquelle s'étend verticalement entre l'axe de rotation (26) de l'élément de blocage (24) et l'axe de pince (40).
  8. Attache rapide selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que la première zone de contact (24b) est disposée de sorte que lorsque l'axe d'adaptateur (18b) se trouve dans la position de fermeture dans la griffe d'accouplement (16b) de l'attache rapide (16), la première zone de contact (24b) est disposée au-dessous d'une droite (30), laquelle s'étend verticalement entre l'axe de rotation (26) de l'élément de blocage (24) et l'axe de pince (40).
  9. Attache rapide selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisée en ce que la première zone de contact (24b) est disposée de sorte que lorsque l'axe d'adaptateur (18b) se trouve dans la position de fermeture dans la griffe d'accouplement (16b) de l'attache rapide (16), la première zone de contact (24b) est disposée sur une face intérieure (24e) de l'élément de blocage (24), qui se situe sur un plan (38) situé loin de l'axe de rotation (26), perpendiculairement à la droite (30) et à travers l'axe médian (28) et/ou l'axe de griffe (40).
  10. Attache rapide selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une des zones de contact (24b, 24c) est réalisée de sorte qu'un appui de la zone de contact (24b, 24c) sur l'axe d'adaptateur (18b) est en forme de point ou linéaire.
  11. Attache rapide selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'élément de blocage (24) relativement à l'axe médian (28) de l'axe d'adaptateur (18b) dans la position de blocage de l'élément de blocage (24) et dans la position de fermeture entoure l'axe d'adaptateur (18b) de plus de 140, en particulier de 150°, de préférence de 160°.
  12. Attache rapide selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'angle de pivotement de l'élément de blocage (24) est compris entre 15° et 90°, en particulier entre 20° et 30°.
  13. Attache rapide selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'un ressort agit sur l'élément de blocage (24) en direction de la position de blocage.
  14. Attache rapide selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'élément de blocage (24) peut être déplacé par un élément d'entraînement à partir de la position de blocage dans une position d'ouverture, dans laquelle l'élément d'entraînement est accouplé à l'entraînement de l'élément de verrouillage de l'attache rapide (16) ou à un mécanisme d'ouverture indépendant de l'entraînement de l'élément de verrouillage.
  15. Attache rapide selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'élément de blocage (24) présente sur le côté tourné vers l'axe d'adaptateur (18b) dans la position de blocage une courbure, qui est pourvue sur son tracé de différents diamètres ou de diamètres uniformes.
  16. Système d'attache rapide composé d'une attache rapide (16) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes et d'un adaptateur (18) avec au moins un axe d'adaptateur (18b) pour l'accouplement à la griffe d'accouplement (16b) de l'attache rapide (16).
EP22205625.1A 2020-01-16 2020-12-22 Dispositif de changement rapide Active EP4159928B1 (fr)

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DE102020100991.7A DE102020100991A1 (de) 2020-01-16 2020-01-16 Schnellwechsler
EP20216684.9A EP3851588B1 (fr) 2020-01-16 2020-12-22 Dispositif de changement rapide

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5244047A (en) 1991-08-05 1993-09-14 Arthur H. Groover Apparatus for coupling implements to a farm tractor
GB2359062B (en) * 2000-02-11 2002-01-02 Ronald Keith Miller Universal coupler for bucket excavators
AU2003278636A1 (en) 2002-10-24 2004-05-13 Bas Manufacturing Limited Connector for earth moving implements
ITMO20080143A1 (it) 2008-05-15 2009-11-16 Mantovanibenne S R L Organo d'attacco per l'accoppiamento di un attrezzo ad un braccio operatore con blocco di sicurezza.
CH700307A1 (de) 2009-01-23 2010-07-30 Josef Martin Gmbh & Co Kg Schnellkupplung mit Sicherungseinrichtung.
KR101093218B1 (ko) 2009-08-12 2011-12-13 주식회사 에버다임 중장비용 어태치먼트 커플러
WO2014098616A1 (fr) 2012-12-18 2014-06-26 Jb Attachments Limited Attelage
CH710006A1 (de) 2014-08-20 2016-02-29 Josef Martin Gmbh Schnellwechselkupplung zum Ankuppeln eines Anbaugeräts an einem Baggerarm.
DE102017130439A1 (de) 2017-12-19 2019-06-19 Oilquick Deutschland Gmbh Schnellwechsler

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ES2971207T3 (es) 2024-06-04
EP3851588B1 (fr) 2023-07-05
DE102020100991A1 (de) 2021-07-22
EP3851588A1 (fr) 2021-07-21
PL3851588T3 (pl) 2024-01-03
ES2956373T3 (es) 2023-12-20
PL4159928T3 (pl) 2024-06-10
EP4159928A1 (fr) 2023-04-05

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