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EP4032590B1 - Formulation d'extinction d'incendie ayant des performances moussantes améliorées - Google Patents

Formulation d'extinction d'incendie ayant des performances moussantes améliorées Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4032590B1
EP4032590B1 EP22152724.5A EP22152724A EP4032590B1 EP 4032590 B1 EP4032590 B1 EP 4032590B1 EP 22152724 A EP22152724 A EP 22152724A EP 4032590 B1 EP4032590 B1 EP 4032590B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fire extinguishing
ether
chamber
fire
formulation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP22152724.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4032590A1 (fr
Inventor
Hobalah BOUZID
Saïd RACHIDI
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Uniteq SA
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Uniteq SA
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Priority claimed from NL2027370A external-priority patent/NL2027370B1/en
Priority claimed from BE20215048A external-priority patent/BE1029051B1/fr
Priority claimed from DE202021100301.4U external-priority patent/DE202021100301U1/de
Application filed by Uniteq SA filed Critical Uniteq SA
Priority to HRP20230663TT priority Critical patent/HRP20230663T1/hr
Priority to EP23161591.5A priority patent/EP4218956A1/fr
Publication of EP4032590A1 publication Critical patent/EP4032590A1/fr
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Publication of EP4032590B1 publication Critical patent/EP4032590B1/fr
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
    • A62D1/0071—Foams
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
    • A62C31/12—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing for delivering foam or atomised foam
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C5/00—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
    • A62C5/02—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use of foam
    • A62C5/022—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use of foam with air or gas present as such
    • A62C5/024—Apparatus in the form of pipes

Definitions

  • the present invention pertains to a fire extinguishing formulation.
  • the invention relates to a fire extinguishing formulation with improved foaming characteristics.
  • Fire extinguishing compositions generally contain mixtures of surfactants that act as foaming agents, together with solvents and other additives that provide the desired mechanical and chemical properties to the foam. There is a general desire to improve the foaming characteristics of known fire extinguishing compositions, in order to obtain a fire extinguishing process that is faster, more efficient, and in particular, specifically tailored towards a certain fire class.
  • fire extinguishing compositions comprising fluorinated surfactants can be found in US 4 090 967 , EP 1 013 311 , CN 106 730 567 and CN 1 1 1 686 397 .
  • FR 2 303 605 and US 4 830 790 describe devices to generate foams.
  • Fluorine free fire extinguishing compositions are disclosed in CN 111 214 800 A .
  • fire extinguishing compositions in order to lower the amount of fluorinated surfactants needed, while still obtaining a reasonable foam expansion and stability.
  • a composition is described in e.g. EP 2 969 052 .
  • the present alternatives however comprise some drawbacks, like increased viscosity and thus a difficult application of the fire extinguishing foam. Furthermore, often these fire extinguishing foams are not equally applicable for extinguishing class A and class B fires.
  • the present invention aims to resolve at least some of the problems and disadvantages mentioned above.
  • the present invention and embodiments thereof serve to provide a solution to one or more of above-mentioned disadvantages.
  • the present invention relates to a fire extinguishing formulation according to claim 1.
  • the present invention relates to the use of the fire extinguishing formulation for extinguishing class A or class B fires according to claim 12.
  • the present invention furthermore relates to a third aspect, which concerns a fire extinguisher according to claim 15.
  • the present invention concerns a fire extinguishing composition with improved foaming characteristics.
  • a compartment refers to one or more than one compartment.
  • % by weight refers to the relative weight of the respective component based on the overall weight of the formulation.
  • the invention concerns a fluorine-free fire extinguishing formulation comprising:
  • said mixture of amphoteric surfactants and said mixture of anionic surfactants are respectively present in a concentration of between 0,10 and 5,00 wt.% and of between 0,10 and 5,00 wt.% based on the total weight of the fire extinguishing formulation.
  • the fire extinguishing composition is fluorine-free and does not contain any fluorinated compounds.
  • Non-fluorinated fire extinguishing compositions are preferred over fluorinated compositions, as fluorinated compositions have recently come under scrutiny in the light of environmental safety.
  • fire extinguishing compositions generally contain fluorinated compounds, e.g. as surfactants, that act as foaming agents in order to provide the desired mechanical and chemical properties to the foam.
  • the fire extinguisher as herein described now provides for the formation of a comparable or even better quality foam, using a fluorine-free fire extinguishing composition.
  • the mixture of at least two different amphoteric surfactants and the mixture of at least two different anionic surfactants does not contain any fluorinated compounds.
  • the fire extinguishing composition shows good foaming characteristics and is suitable in fire extinguishing compositions.
  • a composition without fluorinated compounds or a fluorine-free composition refers to a composition without molecules comprising a carbon-fluor bond.
  • Polyfluoroalkyl substances PFASs
  • PFASs are examples of such fluorinated compounds.
  • PFASs are known to persist in the environment and are commonly described as persistent organic pollutants.
  • fire retardant agent refers to a diverse group of chemicals which are intended to prevent or slow down the development of a fire, or to extinguish a fire, by a variety of different physical and chemical methods. Regarding the extinguishment of a fire, fire retardant agents are generally formulated as a dry formulation, or are to be applied as a fire extinguishing foam. Fire retardant agents which are regularly used in fire extinguishing foams are, among others, monoammonium dihydrogen phosphate (MAP), diammonium phosphate (DAP), urea, sodium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, or potassium chloride.
  • MAP monoammonium dihydrogen phosphate
  • DAP diammonium phosphate
  • urea sodium carbonate
  • potassium bicarbonate potassium chloride
  • fire retardant agents are chosen from the group of ammonium phosphates, phosphate esters, halogenated phosphates, phosphonates, red phosphorus, calcium silicate, sodium silicate, aluminium trihydroxide, magnesium dihydroxide, melamine, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), brominated phenol, or combinations thereof.
  • PBDE polybrominated diphenyl ethers
  • TBPA tetrabromobisphenol A
  • HBCD hexabromocyclododecane
  • brominated phenol or combinations thereof.
  • surfactants refers to compounds that lower the surface tension (or interfacial tension) between two liquids, between a gas and a liquid, or between a liquid and a solid. Surfactants may as such act as detergents, wetting agents, emulsifiers, foaming agents, or dispersants. Surfactants are usually organic compounds that are amphiphilic, i.e. containing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups.
  • amphoteric surfactant or "zwitterionic surfactant” refers to surfactants which comprise both cationic and anionic functional groups.
  • the cationic part is based on primary, secondary, or tertiary amines or quaternary ammonium cations.
  • the anionic part is generally of a more variable nature.
  • anionic surfactants pertains to those surfactants which comprise anionic functional groups at their head, such as sulfates, sulfonates, phosphates, and carboxylates.
  • cationic surfactants relate to those surfactants having cationic functional groups, e.g. pH-dependent primary, secondary, or tertiary amines, permanently charged quaternary ammonium salts such as cetrimonium bromide (CTAB), cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), benzalkonium chloride (BAC), benzethonium chloride (BZT), dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride, and dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB).
  • CTAB cetrimonium bromide
  • CPC cetylpyridinium chloride
  • BAC benzalkonium chloride
  • BZT benzethonium chloride
  • DODAB dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide
  • Non-ionic surfactants have covalently bonded oxygen-containing hydrophilic groups, which are bonded to hydrophobic parent structures.
  • the water-solubility of the oxygen groups is the result of hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding decreases with increasing temperature, and the water solubility of non-ionic surfactants therefore decreases with increasing temperature.
  • the present invention thus concerns a fire extinguishing formulation comprising both amphoteric and anionic surfactants, i.e. those surfactants comprising anionic functional groups, in particular at least two of each group.
  • a “solvent” is a substance that dissolves a solute, resulting in a solution.
  • a solvent is usually a liquid but can also be a solid, a gas, or a supercritical fluid.
  • the formulation generally comprises a liquid solvent.
  • Solvents can be broadly classified into two categories: polar and non-polar. Solvents with a dielectric constant of less than 15 are generally considered to be “non-polar solvents", while solvents with a dielectric constant of 15 and higher are considered to be “polar solvents”. Heuristically, the dielectric constant of a solvent can be thought of as its ability to reduce the solute's effective internal charge. As a consequence, the dielectric constant of a solvent is an acceptable predictor of the solvent's ability to dissolve common ionic compounds, such as salts.
  • the fire extinguishing formulation according to the present invention shows exceptionally high foam expansion upon application, which allows efficient fire extinguishment, especially regarding fire class A and B.
  • the specific combination of at least two amphoteric and at least two anionic surfactants that are non-fluorinated herein supports said high foam expansion without the need for fluorinated compounds, nor for heavy polymeric compounds.
  • the present formulation is easily applied, spreads quickly over a burning solid or liquid surface, and provides for a large foam volume with good stability.
  • said mixture of amphoteric surfactants and said mixture of anionic surfactants are respectively present in a concentration of between 0,25 and 3,50 wt.% and of between 0,25 and 3,50 wt.% based on the total weight of the fire extinguishing formulation.
  • said mixture of amphoteric surfactants and said mixture of anionic surfactants are respectively present in a concentration of between 0,25 and 2,50 wt.% and of between 0,25 and 2,50 wt.% based on the total weight of the fire extinguishing formulation.
  • the formulation according to the present invention shows the herein described effects, i.e. large foam expansion, good foam stability, easy application and quick spreading of the foam, even for considerably low surfactant concentrations, as provided for within the described ranges.
  • This allows for a fire extinguishing composition wherein the present fire retardant agents are allowed to express high fire extinguishing activity. As such, less foam is needed to obtain the intended result of extinguishing class A and B fires, even for larger burning areas.
  • said mixture of amphoteric surfactants and said mixture of anionic surfactants are respectively present in a concentration of between 0,25 and 2,00 wt.% and of between 0,25 and 2,00 wt.%, of between 0,25 and 1,90 wt.% and of between 0,30 and 2,00 wt.%, of between 0,25 and 1,80 wt.% and of between 0,40 and 2,00 wt.%, of between 0,25 and 1,70 wt.% and of between 0,50 and 2,00 wt.%, or of between 0,50 and 1,60 wt.% and of between 0,50 and 2,00 wt.% based on the total weight of the fire extinguishing formulation.
  • said mixture of amphoteric surfactants and said mixture of anionic surfactants are respectively present in a concentration of between 0,25 and 1,50 wt.% and of between 0,50 and 2,00 wt.% based on the total weight of the fire extinguishing formulation.
  • said mixture of amphoteric surfactants comprises at least three different amphoteric surfactants
  • said mixture of anionic surfactants comprises at least three different anionic surfactants.
  • said mixture of amphoteric surfactants comprises at least four, five, or six different amphoteric surfactants.
  • said mixture of anionic surfactants comprises at least four, five or six different anionic surfactants. Further diversification of the amphoteric and anionic surfactants further improves the described effects.
  • Said organic solvent has a concentration of between 2,50 and 10,00 wt.% based on the total weight of the fire extinguishing formulation.
  • the presence of the organic solvent in the herein defined ranges allows for a formulation which allows the formation of a high foam volume and wherein the present fire retardant agents are homogeneously distributed. As such, the general efficacy of the fire extinguishing composition is further improved.
  • said organic solvent is present in a concentration of between 3,00 and 9,00 wt.%, of between 3,00 and 8,00 wt.%, of between 3,50 and 7,50 wt.%, of between 4,00 and 7,00 wt.%, or of between 4,00 and 6,50 wt.% based on the total weight of the fire extinguishing formulation. More by preference, said organic solvent is present in a concentration of between 4,00 and 6,00 wt.% based on the total weight of the fire extinguishing formulation.
  • the fire extinguishing formulation comprises a foam stabilizer, said foam stabilizer is present in a concentration of between 0,10 and 5,00 wt.% based on the total weight of the fire extinguishing formulation.
  • a “foam stabilizer” herein refers to those compounds known in the art to further improve foam stability, i.e. which allows the foam to stay intact longer and thus prolong the fire extinguishing activity of the composition.
  • the present invention in particular the selective combination of at least two amphoteric and at least two anionic surfactants, allows a relatively low concentration of a foam stabilizer in the fire extinguishing composition within the ranges as defined herein.
  • said foam stabilizers are chosen from the group of DEG: diethylene glycol; TEG: triethylene glycol; MPG: monopropylene glycol; DPG: dipropylene glycol; TPG: tripropylene glycol; PEG - 200; BDG butyl di glycol or mixtures thereof.
  • said foam stabilizer is present in a concentration of between 0,10 and 4,50 wt.%, of between 0,10 and 4,00 wt.%, of between 0,10 and 3,50 wt.%, or of between 0,10 and 3,00 wt.% based on the total weight of the fire extinguishing formulation. More by preference, said foam stabilizer is present in a concentration of between 0,10 and 2,50 wt.%, of between 0,10 and 2,40 wt.%, of between 0,20 and 2,30 wt.%, of between 0,30 and 2,20 wt.%, of between 0,40 and 2,10 wt.%, or of between 0,50 and 2,00 wt.% based on the total weight of the fire extinguishing formulation.
  • the fire extinguishing formulation comprises a heat stabilizer, said heat stabilizer is present in a concentration of between 0,50 and 10,00 wt.% based on the total weight of the fire extinguishing formulation. It is the purpose of the heat stabilizer to further improve stability of the fire extinguishing foam upon exposure to extreme heat.
  • the present invention in particular the selective combination of at least two amphoteric and at least two anionic surfactants, allows a relatively low concentration of a heat stabilizer in the fire extinguishing composition within the ranges as defined herein.
  • the fire extinguishing formulation comprises the fire retardant agent in a concentration of between 1,00 to 15,00 wt.% based on the total weight of the fire extinguishing formulation. Within the specified ranges, the fire extinguishing composition allows extinguishing class A and B fires in an exceptionally efficient manner.
  • the fire retardant agent is present in a concentration of between 1,00 to 14,50 wt.%, of between 1,00 to 14,00 wt.%, of between 1,00 to 13,50 wt.%, of between 1,00 to 13,00 wt.%, of between 1,00 to 12,50 wt.%, of between 1,00 to 12,0 wt.%, of between 1,00 to 11,50 wt.%, or of between 1,00 to 11,00 wt.% based on the total weight of the fire extinguishing formulation.
  • the fire retardant agent is present in a concentration of between 1,00 to 10,90 wt.%, of between 1,00 to 10,80 wt.%, of between 1,00 to 10,70 wt.%, of between 1,00 to 10,60 wt.%, or of between 1,00 to 10,50 wt.% based on the total weight of the fire extinguishing formulation.
  • the fire retardant agent is present in a concentration of between 1,10 to 10,40 wt.%, of between 1,20 to 10,30 wt.%, of between 1,30 to 10,20 wt.%, of between 1,40 to 10,10 wt.%, or of between 1,50 to 10,00 wt.% based on the total weight of the fire extinguishing formulation.
  • the fire extinguishing formulation comprises:
  • the fire extinguishing formulation thus allows efficient extinguishment of class A and B fires, wherein the formulation shows exceptional foam expansion, resulting in a foam with large volume, high stability, which foam easily spreads and lasts considerably long.
  • said amphoteric surfactants are chosen from the group of betaines, sultaines, alkylamphoacetates, amphodiacetates, alkylamphopropionates, alkyliminodipropionates, amphodipropionates, aliphatic quaternary ammonium compounds, aliphatic quaternary phosphonium compounds, aliphatic quaternary sulfonium compounds, derivatives or combinations thereof.
  • said amphoteric surfactants are chosen from the group of betaines, sultaines, alkylamphoacetates, amphodiacetates, alkylamphopropionates, alkyliminodipropionates, amphodipropionates, or combinations thereof.
  • said betaines are chosen from the group of betaine, alkyl betaine, alkylamido betaine, sulfobetaine, or combinations thereof.
  • said alkyl betaine is chosen from the group of coco dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, cocoamidopropyl betaine, cocobetaine, lauryl amidopropyl betaine, oleyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl alpha-carboxyethyl betaine, cetyl dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, lauryl bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) carboxymethyl betaine, stearyl bis-(2-hydroxypropyl) carboxymethyl betaine, oleyl dimethyl gamma-carboxypropyl betaine, lauryl bis-(2-hydroxypropyl)alpha-carboxyethyl betaine, or combinations thereof.
  • said alkyl amidopropyl betaines are chosen from the group of cocamidopropyl betaine, lauramidopropyl betaine, oleamidopropyl betaine, erucic amidopropyl betaine, or combinations thereof.
  • said sulfobetaines are chosen from the group of coco dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine, stearyl dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl sulfoethyl betaine, lauryl bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) sulfopropyl betaine, or combinations thereof.
  • said amphoteric surfactants are chosen from the group of aliphatic quaternary ammonium compounds, aliphatic quaternary phosphonium compounds, aliphatic quaternary sulfonium compounds, derivatives or combinations thereof.
  • amphoteric surfactants are chosen from the group of 4-[N,N-di(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-octadecylammonio]-butane-1-carboxylate; 5-[S-3-hydroxypropyl-5-hexadecylsulfonio]-3-hydroxypentane-1-sulfate; 3-[P,P-diethyl-P-3,6,9-trioxatetradexocylphosphonio]-2-hydroxy-propane-1-phosphate; 3-[N,N-dipropyl-N-3-dodecoxy-2-hydroxypropylammonio]-propane-1-phosphonate; 3-(N,N-dimethyl-N-hexadecylammino)propane-1-sulfonate; 3-(N,N-dimethyl-N-hexadecylammonio)-2-hydroxypropane-1-sulfonate; 4-[N,N
  • amphoteric surfactants are chosen from the group of alkyl betaine, betaine derivatives of alkyl polyglucosides, or combinations thereof.
  • said anionic surfactants are chosen from the group of alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl ether sulfonates, sulfate esters of an alkylphenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol, alcohol ammonium sulfates, alpha-olefin sulfonates, beta alkoxy alkane sulfonates, alkylauryl sulfonates, alkyl monoglyceride sulfates, alkyl monoglyceride sulfonates, alkyl carbonates, alkyl ether carboxylates, fatty acids, fatty alcohol sulfates, sulfosuccinates, sarcosinates, octoxynol or nonoxynol phosphates, taurates, fatty taurides, fatty acid amide polyoxyethylens, isethionates, anionic derivatives of alkyl poly
  • said anionic surfactants are chosen from the group of C8-C18 alkyl sulfates, C8-C18 fatty acid salts, C8-C18 alkyl ether sulfates having one or two moles of ethoxylation, C8-C18 alkamine oxides, C8-C18 alkoyl sarcosinates, C8-C18 sulfoacetates, C8-C18 sulfosuccinates, C8-C18 alkyl diphenyl oxide disulfonates, C8-C18 alkyl carbonates, C8-C18 alpha-olefin sulfonates, methyl ester sulfonates, or combinations thereof.
  • said anionic surfactants are chosen from the group of lauryl sulfates, octyl sulfates, 2-ethylhexyl sulfates, lauramine oxide, decyl sulfates, tridecyl sulfates, triethanol ammonium alkyl sulfate, cocoates, lauroyl sarcosinates, lauryl sulfosuccinates, linear C10 diphenyl oxide disulfonates, lauryl sulfosuccinates, lauryl ether sulfates, myristyl sulfates, oleates, stearates, tallates, ricinoleates, cetyl sulfates, or combinations thereof.
  • said anionic surfactants are chosen from the group of alkyl sulfonates, alkylaryl sulfonates, alkylated diphenyl oxide disulfonates, alkylated naphthalene sulfonates, isethionates, alkylaryl sulfonic acids, secondary alkane sulfonates, alkoxylate carboxylates, sarcosinate, taurate, acyl amino acids, alkanoic esters, phosphate esters, sulfuric acid esters, or combinations thereof.
  • said anionic surfactants are chosen from the group of sodium lauryl glucoside carboxylate, disodium coco-glucoside citrate, sodium coco-glucoside tartrate, disodium coco-glucoside sulfosuccinate; sodium cocoglucosides hydroxypropylsulfonate, sodium decylglucosides hydroxypropylsulfonate, sodium laurylglucosides hydroxypropylsulfonate; sodium hydroxypropylsulfonate cocoglucoside crosspolymer, sodium hydroxypropylsulfonate decylglucoside crosspolymer, sodium hydroxypropylsulfonate laurylglucoside crosspolymer.
  • said anionic surfactants are chosen from the group of alkyl sulfonates, anionic derivatives of alkyl polyglucosides, sulfate esters, or combinations thereof.
  • Said organic solvent in some embodiments of the present invention, is chosen from the group of diols, glycols, glycol ethers, or combinations thereof.
  • said organic solvent is chosen from the group of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butyl-di-glycol, dipropylene glycol n-propyl ether, dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether, propylene glycol n-bytyl ether, propylene glycol, n-propyl ether, tripropylene glycol n-butyl ether, propylene glycol phenyl ether, dipropylene glycol phenyl ether, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether acetate, tripropylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol hexyl ether,
  • said heat stabilizer is chosen from the group of ammonium phosphate, ester phosphate, sodium citrate, sucrose, maltose, dextrose, sodium biocarbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium biocarbonate, sodium sulfate, sodium orthophosphate, or combinations thereof.
  • said heat stabilizer is chosen from the group of sucrose, maltose, dextrose, sodium biocarbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium biocarbonate, or combinations thereof.
  • the fire extinguishing formulation comprises:
  • a second aspect of the present invention relates to the use of the fire extinguishing formulation according to any of the described embodiments for extinguishing class A or class B fires.
  • fire class relates to fires in combustible solids, mainly solids of organic nature such as coal, wood, paper, and fabrics.
  • Class B fires relate to fires in flammable liquids, such as gasoline, petroleum, tars, oils, oil-based paints and solvents.
  • Class C fires indicate fires in flammable gases, like hydrogen, propane, butane or methane.
  • Class D fires are specifically directed towards combustible metals, especially alkali metals such as lithium, sodium and potassium, alkaline earth metals such as magnesium, and group 4 elements such as titanium and zirconium.
  • Class F fires relate to fires in cooking oils and fats, e.g. kitchen fires.
  • extinguishing class A or class B fires is performed by means of a fire extinguisher comprising said fire extinguishing formulation according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • Use of the fire extinguishing formulation thus results in the formation of a high-volume fire extinguishing foam with high activity, and thus allows the efficient extinguishing of both class A and B fires.
  • a fire extinguisher is an active fire protection device used to extinguish or control small or medium-sized fires, often in emergency situations.
  • a fire extinguisher consists of a hand-held cylindrical pressure vessel containing a fire extinguishing composition which can be discharged in order to extinguish a fire.
  • said fire extinguisher comprises a fire extinguishing nozzle, said nozzle comprising a mixing chamber, a ventilation chamber and a foaming chamber, wherein:
  • the nozzle as herein described comprises a mixing chamber, a ventilation chamber and a foaming chamber, wherein the wordings "mixing”, “ventilation” and “foaming” specifically indicate the function said chambers perform. As such, they respectively function to (pre)mix a fire extinguishing composition in the nozzle, to allow ventilation and/or aeration of the fire extinguishing composition, and to optimize the process of foaming, i.e. producing a fire extinguishing foam from the liquid fire extinguishing composition as provided to the mixing chamber.
  • mesh refers to a barrier made of connected strands of metal, fiber, or other flexible or ductile materials.
  • a mesh can also be referred to as a "screen”.
  • Meshes are generally characterized by their “mesh size”, particularly their “U.S. Mesh Size", which is defined as the number of openings in one square inch of a mesh. For example, a 36 mesh screen will have 36 openings per one square inch.
  • the mesh size is preferably expressed as a micron-value indicating the average diameter of the openings of the mesh. For example, a mesh size of 1000 ⁇ m indicates a mesh wherein the average diameter of the openings is 1000 ⁇ m.
  • axial length represents the length of a cylindrical body along its rotational axis. Accordingly, the “inner diameter” is measured in the perpendicular plane to the rotational axis and extends along the inside of the hollow cylindrical body.
  • Use of the fire extinguishing formulation with the fire extinguisher comprising the nozzle as described herein further improves foaming characteristics, particularly foam expansion of the resulting fire extinguishing foam.
  • the specified use has the advantage of improving the foaming characteristics of a fire extinguishing formulation for fire class A or fire class B situations. Relating to the fire extinguishing nozzle whereby the ratio L:d is comprised between 4:5 and 9:5, it is observed that the discharged fire extinguishing foam is of a less compact nature and is thinner than fire extinguishing foams which are discharged through nozzles as generally known in the art.
  • the fire extinguishing foam needs to be applied on the surface of a burning material, which has to be covered as quickly and completely as possible.
  • the fire extinguishing nozzle according to the present invention allows faster spreading of a fire extinguishing foam, thus resulting in the highly efficient and highly fast extinguishing of class A fires.
  • the fire extinguishing nozzle Relating to the fire extinguishing nozzle whereby the ratio L:d is comprised between 6:1 and 10: 1, it is observed that the discharged fire extinguishing foam is more compact and thicker than fire extinguishing foams which are discharged through nozzles as generally known in the art. This is particularly advantageous for class B fires, as the fire extinguishing foam is intended to form a substantive layer on top of the burning liquid surface. The resulting compact and thick foam layer is able to better contain the flames in a certain area, and thus prevents the further spreading of the fire. Meanwhile, contact between the burning liquid and ambient air is efficiently reduced and/or eliminated, resulting in the liquid fire being more rapidly extinguished. As a result, it is submitted that the fire extinguishing nozzle as herein described provides in a more efficient and a faster extinguishing of class A or class B fires.
  • said ratio of the axial length over the inner diameter (L:d) of the foaming chamber is comprised between 4:5 and 8:5 for extinguishing class A fires, or between 7:1 and 9:1 for extinguishing class B fires.
  • said ratio of the axial length over the inner diameter (L:d) of the foaming chamber is comprised between 4:5 and 9:5, preferably between 4:5 and 8:5 for extinguishing class A fires.
  • said ratio of the axial length over the inner diameter (L:d) of the foaming chamber is comprised between 6:1 and 10:1, preferably between 7:1 and 9:1 for extinguishing class B fires.
  • said mesh has a mesh size of between 700 and 1200 ⁇ m. It is submitted that the mesh size impacts various foaming characteristics, such as the discharge time, the discharge flow, foam expansion, foam bubble size, foam discharge angle etc.
  • the inventors have found that the mesh size range as herein described finds a delicate balance between all of the aforementioned foaming characteristics. In particular, smaller meshes give rise to a foam with a smaller bubble size, which is beneficial for the control of e.g. hydrocarbon fires. However, by using a smaller mesh size the amount of foam expansion is reduced, which is suboptimal regarding the extinguishing of class B fires.
  • a mesh size of between 700 and 1200 ⁇ m exhibits all of the aforementioned advantages, and allows the nozzle as herein described to further optimize foam characteristics for class A or class B fires.
  • said mesh has a mesh size of between 800 and 1100 ⁇ m. More by preference, said mesh has a mesh size of between 900 and 1100 ⁇ m, even more by preference between 950 and 1050 ⁇ m, between 960 and 1040 ⁇ m, between 970 and 1030 ⁇ m, between 980 and 1020 ⁇ m, or between 990 and 1010 ⁇ m.
  • Example 1 fire extinguishing formulation
  • fire extinguishing formulations according to the present invention are shown in tables 1-3 below. It is a particular advantage of the invention that the fire extinguishing formulations show optimal fire extinguishing properties, and yield a fire extinguishing foam with a large foam volume, good spreading, and optimal stability, yielding optimal results for extinguishing both class A and B fires. Table 1.
  • Formulation A according to the invention component concentration (wt.%) fire retardant agents diammonium phosphate (DAP) 8,50 amphoteric surfactant coco dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine 0,75 lauryl bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) carboxymethyl betaine 0,75 anionic surfactant triethanol ammonium alkyl sulfate 1,25 sodium hydroxypropylsulfonate laurylglucoside crosspolymer 1,25 foam stabilizer polyethylene glycol 1,00 heat stabilizer sucrose 5,00 organic solvent ethylene glycol 3,00 water 78,50 Table 2.
  • DAP diammonium phosphate
  • DAP diammonium phosphate
  • amphoteric surfactant coco dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine
  • anionic surfactant triethanol ammonium alkyl sulfate 1,25 sodium hydroxypropylsulfonate laurylglucoside crosspolymer 1,25 foam stabilizer polyethylene glycol 1,00
  • Formulation B component concentration (wt.%) fire retardant agents diammonium phosphate (DAP) 5,00 monoammonium dihydrogen phosphate (MAP) 2,00 amphoteric surfactant lauryl amidopropyl betaine 0,50 oleyl betaine 0,60 anionic surfactant alkylated naphthalene sulfonates 1,10 sodium cocoglucosides hydroxypropylsulfonate 1,60 foam stabilizer polypropylene glycol 0,90 organic solvent dipropylene glycol n-propyl ether 2,50 water 85,8 Table 3.
  • DAP diammonium phosphate
  • MAP monoammonium dihydrogen phosphate
  • amphoteric surfactant lauryl amidopropyl betaine 0,50 oleyl betaine
  • anionic surfactant alkylated naphthalene sulfonates 1,10 sodium cocoglucosides hydroxypropylsulfonate
  • foam stabilizer polypropylene glycol 0,90 organic solvent di
  • Formulation C according to the invention component concentration (wt.%) fire retardant agents diammonium phosphate (DAP) 5,00 monoammonium dihydrogen phosphate (MAP) 1,50 urea 1,75 amphoteric surfactant alkylamphopropionates 0,50 lauryl dimethyl alpha-carboxyethyl betaine 0,50 stearyl bis-(2-hydroxypropyl) carboxymethyl betaine 0,50 anionic surfactant alkylated naphthalene sulfonates 1,00 sodium cocoglucosides hydroxypropylsulfonate 1,00 sodium hydroxypropylsulfonate cocoglucoside crosspolymer 0,50 foam stabilizer polyethylene glycol 0,90 organic solvent propylene glycol 1,50 ethylene glycol 1,50 water 83,85
  • Foaming characteristics of the formulations A, B and C are compared to a generic fire extinguishing foam X.
  • Nominal discharge time (T), height of the foam (h), volume of the mousse (V) and nominal foam expansion (FE) are given in the table below.
  • Formulation X is a conventional fluorinated formulation from the prior art, which is currently sold in the market.
  • fire extinguishing formulations according to the invention have a substantially longer nominal discharge time, and that the resulting fire extinguishing foam is substantially higher, has a larger foam volume, and has a larger nominal foam expansion.
  • the resulting fire extinguishing foam is especially advantageous for extinguishing fires of classes A and B.
  • Example 3 use of fire extinguishing formulation with dedicated nozzle
  • foaming characteristics of the fire extinguishing formulations according to the invention are further enhanced by using them by means of a fire extinguisher provided with a dedicated nozzle according to the invention. Nominal discharge time, foam height, foam volume and nominal foam expansion perform better when using the nozzle according to the invention compared to a generic nozzle as known in the art.
  • the resulting fire extinguishing foam is especially advantageous for extinguishing fires of classes A and B.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a fire extinguishing nozzle 1 for using the formulation according to the present invention for extinguishing class A and B fires, which nozzle 1 is especially useful for extinguishing class A fires and is to be understood having an inlet a and an outlet b.
  • the inlet a is to be coupled to a fire extinguisher and the outlet b concerns the passage through which the fire extinguishing composition is discharged.
  • the nozzle 1 comprises a mixing chamber 2, a ventilation chamber 3 and a foaming chamber 4.
  • the ventilation chamber 3 comprises four air inlet holes 6, allowing for contact between ambient air and the fire extinguishing composition passing through the nozzle 1.
  • an outer thread 12 is provided at the inlet a.
  • the discharged fire extinguishing foam is of a less compact nature and is thinner than fire extinguishing foams which are discharged through nozzles as generally known in the art. This is particularly advantageous for class A fires, wherein the fire extinguishing foam needs to be applied on the surface of a burning material, which has to be covered as quickly and completely as possible. It is further submitted that the nozzle as herein described further enhances foam expansion of the fire extinguishing composition according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a fire extinguishing nozzle 1 for using the formulation according to the present invention for extinguishing class A and B fires, which nozzle 1 is especially useful for extinguishing class B fires and is to be understood having an inlet a and an outlet b.
  • the inlet a is to be coupled to a fire extinguisher and the outlet b concerns the passage through which the fire extinguishing composition is discharged.
  • the nozzle 1 comprises a mixing chamber 2, a ventilation chamber 3 and a foaming chamber 4.
  • the ventilation chamber 3 comprises four air inlet holes 6, allowing for contact between ambient air and the fire extinguishing composition passing through the nozzle 1.
  • an outer thread 12 is provided at the inlet a.
  • the discharged fire extinguishing foam is more compact and thicker than fire extinguishing foams which are discharged through nozzles as generally known in the art.
  • This is particularly advantageous for class B fires, as the fire extinguishing foam is intended to form a substantive layer on top of the burning liquid surface.
  • the resulting compact and thick foam layer is able to better contain the flames in a certain area, and thus prevents the further spreading of the fire. Meanwhile, contact between the burning liquid and ambient air is efficiently reduced and/or eliminated, resulting in liquid fires being more rapidly extinguished.
  • the nozzle as herein described further enhances foam expansion of the fire extinguishing composition according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3a shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a fire extinguishing nozzle 1 for using the formulation according to the present invention for extinguishing class A and B fires, which nozzle 1 comprises three separate and/or detachable parts, i.e. a mixing chamber 2, a ventilation chamber 3 and a foaming chamber 4.
  • the nozzle 1 is especially useful for extinguishing class A fires and is to be understood having an inlet a and an outlet b.
  • Fig. 3b shows a perspective view of the same embodiment of the fire extinguishing nozzle 1 in a disassembled state.
  • the mixing chamber 2, the ventilation chamber 3 and the foaming chamber 4 are herein recognizable as three separate entities.
  • outer threads 12 are provided at the inlet a of the mixing chamber 2, at the outlet of the mixing chamber 2, and at the outlet of the ventilation chamber 3.
  • Compatible inner threads 11 are provided at the inlet of the ventilation chamber 2 and at the inlet of the foaming chamber 4.
  • the ratio of the axial length over the inner diameter (L:d) of the foaming chamber 4 is furthermore unambiguously determined between 4:5 and 9:5.
  • the ventilation chamber 3 comprises four air inlet holes 6, allowing for contact between ambient air and the fire extinguishing composition passing through the nozzle 1.
  • the ventilation chamber 3 further comprises a mesh 7, which impacts various foaming characteristics, such as the discharge time, the discharge flow, foam expansion, foam bubble size, foam discharge angle etc.
  • Fig. 4a shows a perspective view of an embodiment of an assembled fire extinguishing nozzle 1 for using the formulation according to the present invention for extinguishing class A and B fires, which nozzle 1 comprises three separate and/or detachable parts, i.e. a mixing chamber 2, a ventilation chamber 3 and a foaming chamber 4.
  • the nozzle 1 is especially useful for extinguishing class B fires and is to be understood having an inlet a and an outlet b.
  • Fig. 4b shows a perspective view of the same embodiment of the fire extinguishing nozzle 1 in a disassembled state.
  • the mixing chamber 2, the ventilation chamber 3 and the foaming chamber 4 are herein recognizable as three separate entities.
  • outer threads 12 are provided at the inlet a of the mixing chamber 2, at the outlet of the mixing chamber 2, and at the outlet of the ventilation chamber 3.
  • Compatible inner threads 11 are provided at the inlet of the ventilation chamber 2 and at the inlet of the foaming chamber 4.
  • the ratio of the axial length over the inner diameter (L:d) of the foaming chamber 4 is furthermore unambiguously determined between 6:1 and 10:5.
  • the ventilation chamber 3 comprises four air inlet holes 6, allowing for contact between ambient air and the fire extinguishing composition passing through the nozzle 1.
  • the ventilation chamber 3 further comprises a mesh 7, which impacts various foaming characteristics, such as the discharge time, the discharge flow, foam expansion, foam bubble size, foam discharge angle etc.
  • Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a ventilation chamber 3 for using the formulation according to the present invention for extinguishing class A and B fires, comprising air inlet holes 6 and a mesh 7.
  • an outer thread 12 is provided for ease of coupling and/or decoupling the ventilation chamber 3 to other parts of the nozzle.
  • Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a ventilation chamber 3 and a foaming chamber 4 for using the formulation according to the present invention for extinguishing class A and B fires, which ventilation 3 and foaming chamber 4 form a single, indivisible body. Notwithstanding the ventilation chamber 3 and the foaming chamber 4 are formed as a single, indivisible body, the ratio of the axial length over the inner diameter (L:d) of the foaming chamber 4 is unambiguously determined between 4:5 and 9:5.
  • Fig. 6 further serves to illustrate the first hollow cylindrical body 5 of the ventilation chamber 3, which internally is provided with an inner thread 11, to provide for easy coupling and/or decoupling to a mixing chamber, and comprises four air inlet holes 6.
  • Fig. 7 shows a perspective view and a cross-sectional inlet view of an embodiment of a mixing chamber 2 for using the formulation according to the present invention for extinguishing class A and B fires.
  • the mixing chamber 2 comprises two constricted inlet holes 8, which allow for enhancing the velocity and the turbulence of the liquid flow of a fire extinguishing composition before entering a ventilation chamber. Easy coupling of said mixing chamber 2 to an upstream fire extinguisher and a downstream ventilation chamber is provided for by the outer threads 12.
  • the mixing chamber further comprises an elongated outlet 9 which is configured as such that it efficiently guides a fire extinguishing composition inside and/or at least halfway through a ventilation chamber coupled thereto.
  • Fig. 8 shows a sectional representation according to a central, axial axis of an embodiment of a ventilation chamber 3 for using the formulation according to the present invention for extinguishing class A and B fires.
  • the ventilation chamber 3 comprises air inlet holes 6 and is provided with a mesh 7 and an outer thread 12, for easy coupling to a foaming chamber.
  • the first hollow cylindrical body 5, in particular the inner cross-section of the ventilation chamber 3, comprises a cross-sectional constriction 10, which is shaped as a venturi-like necking. This induces the venturi effect inside the first hollow cylindrical body 5, thereby drawing air through the air inlet holes 6 of the ventilation chamber 3.

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Claims (15)

  1. Formulation d'extinction d'incendie sans fluor comprenant :
    - un agent ignifuge choisi dans le groupe des phosphates d'ammonium, des esters de phosphate, des phosphates halogénés, des phosphonates, du phosphore rouge, du silicate de calcium, du silicate de sodium, du trihydroxyde d'aluminium, du dihydroxyde de magnésium, de la mélamine, des éthers de diphényle polybromés (PBDE), du tétrabromobisphénol A (TBBPA), de l'hexabromocyclododécane (HBCD), du phénol bromé, ou de combinaisons de ceux-ci,
    - un mélange d'au moins deux différents tensioactifs amphotères,
    - un mélange d'au moins deux différents tensioactifs anioniques,
    - un solvant organique, et
    - de l'eau,
    caractérisée en ce que, ledit mélange de tensioactifs amphotères et ledit mélange de tensioactifs anioniques sont respectivement présents en une concentration entre 0,10 et 5,00 % en poids et entre 0,10 et 5,00 % en poids sur la base du poids total de la formulation d'extinction d'incendie.
  2. Formulation d'extinction d'incendie selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que, ledit mélange de tensioactifs amphotères et ledit mélange de tensioactifs anioniques sont respectivement présents en une concentration entre 0,25 et 1,50 % en poids et entre 0,50 et 2,00 % en poids sur la base du poids total de la formulation d'extinction d'incendie.
  3. Formulation d'extinction d'incendie selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que, ledit mélange de tensioactifs amphotères comprend au moins trois différents tensioactifs amphotères, et ledit mélange de tensioactifs anioniques comprend au moins trois différents tensioactifs anioniques.
  4. Formulation d'extinction d'incendie selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3 précédentes, caractérisée en ce que, ledit solvant organique a une concentration entre 2,50 et 10,00 % en poids sur la base du poids total de la formulation d'extinction d'incendie.
  5. Formulation d'extinction d'incendie selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4 précédentes, caractérisée en ce que, ladite formulation d'extinction d'incendie comprend un stabilisateur de mousse, ledit stabilisateur de mousse est présent en une concentration entre 0,10 et 5,00 % en poids sur la base du poids total de la formulation d'extinction d'incendie.
  6. Formulation d'extinction d'incendie selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5 précédentes, caractérisée en ce que, ladite formulation d'extinction d'incendie comprend un stabilisateur thermique, ledit stabilisateur thermique est présent en une concentration entre 0,50 et 10,00 % en poids sur la base du poids total de la formulation d'extinction d'incendie.
  7. Formulation d'extinction d'incendie selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6 précédentes, caractérisée en ce que, l'agent ignifuge est présent en une concentration entre 1,50 à 10,00 % en poids sur la base du poids total de la formulation d'extinction d'incendie.
  8. Formulation d'extinction d'incendie selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7 précédentes, caractérisée en ce que, ladite formulation d'extinction d'incendie comprend :
    - entre 1,50 et 10,00 % en poids d'agent ignifuge ;
    - entre 0,25 et 1,50 % en poids de tensioactifs amphotères ;
    - entre 0,50 et 2,00 % en poids de tensioactifs anioniques ;
    - entre 0,50 et 2,00 % en poids de stabilisateur de mousse ;
    - entre 0,50 et 10,00 % en poids de stabilisateur thermique ;
    - entre 2,50 et 10,00 % en poids de solvant organique ; et
    - entre 50,00 et 95,00 % en poids d'eau.
  9. Formulation d'extinction d'incendie selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8 précédentes, caractérisée en ce que, lesdits tensioactifs amphotères sont choisis dans le groupe des bétaïnes, sultaïnes, alkylamphoacétates, amphodiacétates, alkylamphopropionates, alkyliminodipropionates, amphodipropionates, composés aliphatiques d'ammonium quaternaire, composés aliphatiques de phosphonium quaternaire, composés aliphatiques de sulfonium quaternaire, leurs dérivés ou des combinaisons de ceux-ci.
  10. Formulation d'extinction d'incendie selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9 précédentes, caractérisée en ce que, lesdits tensioactifs anioniques sont choisis dans le groupe des sulfates d'alkyle, des sulfates d'éther d'alkyle, des sulfonates d'éther d'alkyle, des esters de sulfate d'un alkylphénoxy polyoxyéthylène éthanol, des sulfates d'ammonium d'alcool, des sulfonates d'alpha-oléfine, des sulfonates de bêta alcoxy alcane, des sulfonates d'alkylauryle, des sulfates de monoglycéride d'alkyle, des sulfonates de monoglycéride d'alkyle, des carbonates d'alkyle, des carboxylates d'éther d'alkyle, des acides gras, des sulfates d'alcool gras, des sulfosuccinates, des sarcosinates, des phosphates d'octoxynol ou de nonoxynol, des taurates, des taurides gras, des polyoxyéthylènes d'amide d'acide gras, des iséthionates, des dérivés anioniques de polyglucosides d'alkyle, ou de combinaisons de ceux-ci.
  11. Formulation d'extinction d'incendie selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1-10 précédentes, caractérisée en ce que, ledit solvant organique est choisi dans le groupe de l'éthylène glycol, du propylène glycol, du butyl-di-glycol, de l'éther n-propylique de dipropylène glycol, de l'éther n-butylique de dipropylène glycol, de l'éther n-butylique de propylène glycol, de l'éther n-propylique de propylène glycol, de l'éther n-butylique de tripropylène glycol, de l'éther phénylique de propylène glycol, de l'éther phénylique de dipropylène glycol, de l'éther diméthylique de dipropylène glycol, de l'éther méthylique de propylène glycol, de l'acétate d'éther méthylique de propylène glycol, de l'éther méthylique de dipropylène glycol, de l'acétate d'éther méthylique de dipropylène glycol, de l'éther méthylique de tripropylène glycol, de l'éther hexylique d'éthylène glycol, de l'éther hexylique de diéthylène glycol, de l'éther monométhylique d'éthylène glycol, de l'éther monoéthylique d'éthylène glycol, de l'éther monopropylique d'éthylène glycol, de l'éther monoisopropylique d'éthylène glycol, de l'éther monobutylique d'éthylène glycol, de l'éther monobenzylique d'éthylène glycol, de l'éther phénylique de diéthylène glycol, de l'éther phénylique d'éthylène glycol, du poly(oxy-1,2-éthanediyle), de l'alpha-phényl-oméga-hydroxy, de l'éther monométhylique de diéthylène glycol, de l'éther monoéthylique de diéthylène glycol, de l'éther n-butylique de diéthylène glycol, de l'éther n-butylique d'éthylène glycol, de l'éther méthylique de dipropylène glycol, ou de combinaisons de ceux-ci.
  12. Utilisation de la formulation d'extinction d'incendie selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11 précédentes pour l'extinction d'incendies de classe A ou de classe B, caractérisée en ce que, l'extinction d'incendies de classe A ou de classe B est effectuée au moyen d'un extincteur d'incendie comprenant ladite formulation d'extinction d'incendie.
  13. Utilisation selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que, ledit extincteur d'incendie comprend une buse d'extinction d'incendie (1), ladite buse comprenant une chambre de mélange (2), une chambre de ventilation (3) et une chambre de moussage (4), dans laquelle
    - ladite chambre de ventilation est couplée à ladite chambre de mélange, et comprend un premier corps cylindrique creux (5) comprenant au moins trois trous d'entrée d'air (6), lesdits trous d'entrée d'air sont agencés sur la circonférence de, et sont dirigés dans le premier corps cylindrique creux ;
    - ladite chambre de moussage comprend un second corps cylindrique creux ayant une longueur axiale (L) et un diamètre interne (d), laquelle chambre de moussage est couplée à ladite chambre de ventilation ; et
    - ladite chambre de ventilation et/ou ladite chambre de moussage comprennent un maillage (7), dans laquelle ledit maillage est orienté dans le plan radial de la section transversale interne de la chambre de ventilation et/ou de la chambre de moussage ;
    caractérisée en ce que, le rapport de la longueur axiale au diamètre interne (L:d) de la chambre de moussage est compris entre 4:5 et 9:5 pour l'extinction des incendies de classe A, ou entre 6:1 et 10:1 pour l'extinction des incendies de classe B.
  14. Utilisation selon la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que, ledit maillage (7) a une taille de maille entre 700 et 1 200 µm, de préférence entre 800 et 1 100 µm.
  15. Extincteur d'incendie comprenant une formulation d'extinction d'incendie selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que, ledit extincteur d'incendie comprend une buse d'extinction d'incendie (1), ladite buse comprenant une chambre de mélange (2), une chambre de ventilation (3) et une chambre de moussage (4), dans lequel
    - ladite chambre de ventilation est couplée à ladite chambre de mélange, et comprend un premier corps cylindrique creux (5) comprenant au moins trois trous d'entrée d'air (6), lesdits trous d'entrée d'air sont agencés sur la circonférence de, et sont dirigés dans le premier corps cylindrique creux ;
    - ladite chambre de moussage comprend un second corps cylindrique creux ayant une longueur axiale (L) et un diamètre interne (d), laquelle chambre de moussage est couplée à ladite chambre de ventilation ; et
    - ladite chambre de ventilation et/ou ladite chambre de moussage comprennent un maillage (7), dans lequel ledit maillage est orienté dans le plan radial de la section transversale interne de la chambre de ventilation et/ou de la chambre de moussage ;
    caractérisé en ce que, le rapport de la longueur axiale au diamètre interne (L:d) de la chambre de moussage est compris entre 4:5 et 9:5 pour l'extinction des incendies de classe A, ou entre 6:1 et 10:1 pour l'extinction des incendies de classe B.
EP22152724.5A 2021-01-22 2022-01-21 Formulation d'extinction d'incendie ayant des performances moussantes améliorées Active EP4032590B1 (fr)

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NL2027370A NL2027370B1 (en) 2021-01-22 2021-01-22 A fire extinguishing formulation with improved foaming
BE20215048A BE1029051B1 (fr) 2021-01-22 2021-01-22 Formulation d’extinction d’incendie à moussage amélioré
DE202021100301.4U DE202021100301U1 (de) 2021-01-22 2021-01-22 Feuerlöschzusammensetzung mit verbesserter Schaumbildung

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CN115177905A (zh) * 2022-08-26 2022-10-14 中国科学技术大学 一种用于消防训练的环保型无氟泡沫灭火剂及其制备方法
WO2024171029A1 (fr) * 2023-02-14 2024-08-22 Tyco Fire Products Lp Disaccharides utilisés dans des mousses de lutte contre l'incendie

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FR2303605A1 (fr) * 1975-03-12 1976-10-08 Rotvand Georges Generateur de mousse
US4090967A (en) 1975-12-19 1978-05-23 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Aqueous wetting and film forming compositions
DE3409602A1 (de) 1984-03-15 1985-09-26 Regeltechnische Geräte P. Lüthge GmbH, 2805 Stuhr Fluessiges schaumloeschmittel
US4830790A (en) * 1987-11-04 1989-05-16 Co-Son Industries Foam generating nozzle
FR2787721B1 (fr) * 1998-12-24 2001-02-02 Atochem Elf Sa Compositions extinctrices
CA2910183A1 (fr) 2013-03-14 2014-09-25 Tyco Fire Products Lp Utilisation de polymeres acryliques de masse moleculaire elevee dans des mousses anti-incendie
CN106730567B (zh) 2017-01-19 2020-11-27 新疆安泰华安消防科技开发有限公司 一种水成膜泡沫灭火剂浓缩液
CN111214800A (zh) * 2018-11-26 2020-06-02 宁夏万汇云合消防科技有限公司 一种新型高分子水系灭火剂及其制备方法
CN111686397A (zh) 2019-03-12 2020-09-22 洛阳市浪潮消防科技股份有限公司 一种具有反恐作用的消防药剂及其生产工艺

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