EP4087984B1 - System and method for erecting walls, ceilings and/or roofs of buildings - Google Patents
System and method for erecting walls, ceilings and/or roofs of buildings Download PDFInfo
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- EP4087984B1 EP4087984B1 EP20833707.1A EP20833707A EP4087984B1 EP 4087984 B1 EP4087984 B1 EP 4087984B1 EP 20833707 A EP20833707 A EP 20833707A EP 4087984 B1 EP4087984 B1 EP 4087984B1
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011093 chipboard Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
- E04B1/10—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of wood
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
- E04B2/70—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood
- E04B2/701—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood with integrated supporting and obturation function
- E04B2/703—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of wood with integrated supporting and obturation function with longitudinal vertical elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
- E04B5/12—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with wooden beams
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
- E04C2/36—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by transversely-placed strip material, e.g. honeycomb panels
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
- E04C2/46—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose specially adapted for making walls
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
- E04C2/50—Self-supporting slabs specially adapted for making floors ceilings, or roofs, e.g. able to be loaded
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
- E04C3/127—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members with hollow cross section
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
- E04B1/6108—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together
- E04B1/612—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces
- E04B1/6179—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces with protrusions and recesses on each frontal surface
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
- E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
- E04B2002/0206—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of rectangular shape
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
- E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
- E04B2002/023—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with rabbets, e.g. stepped
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
- E04C2002/3488—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by frame like structures
Definitions
- a long-known example is the so-called block construction.
- structural elements are prefabricated to size in the factory in the form of solid wooden blocks, which can be used to build walls, ceilings and/or roof structures comparatively quickly on the construction site.
- a significant advantage of the system according to the invention is that the components, which in the simplest case have exactly two panels connected to one another via spacer bars, have a comparatively low weight, which is why they are inexpensive to produce and can be installed on the construction site without the use of a crane of one or more be handled by two people. Nevertheless, the components have a very high strength and flexural rigidity, so that they can also be used as load-bearing components. Yet another advantage of the components of the system according to the invention is that, due to the design of their longitudinal plate edges, they can be fastened to one another quickly and easily to create a detachable and positive connection, without the need for additional fastening means, such as screws or the like. This leads to significant time and cost savings during assembly on the construction site.
- the panels and/or the spacer webs and/or the groove wedges and/or the expansion pins advantageously have wood, the panels and/or the spacer webs being made in particular from chipboard. Accordingly, components are provided that are made from renewable resources and are also easy to recycle.
- the components preferably have a depth in the range from 100 mm to 350 mm.
- the system preferably has base strips whose dimensions are selected such that the components can be placed on them with their short end faces in a form-fitting manner. Thanks to such base strips, the components can be positioned quickly and easily on the ground when erecting a building wall.
- the Figures 1 to 3 show views of a first component 1.
- This comprises two elongated, essentially rectangular plates 6 and 7 arranged at a distance A from one another, the outer main plate surfaces 8 of which form outer surfaces of the component 1 extending parallel to one another, as well as two spacer webs 9 arranged at a distance from one another extend in the longitudinal direction of the plate between the two plates 6 and 7 and connect them to one another.
- the component 1 has a depth T, which is preferably in the range from 100 mm to 350 mm.
- the plates 6 and 7 in the present case have a uniform plate width B and a uniform plate thickness S.
- the plate width B is preferably in the range from 200 mm to 400 mm
- the plate thickness S is preferably in the range from 8 mm to 15 mm.
- each longitudinal plate edge 10 of the plates 6 and 7 is provided with a recess 12 forming a gradation 11 and extending over the entire length of the corresponding longitudinal plate edge, the recesses 12 being complementary to one another are designed, have a constant cross section in the longitudinal direction of the plate and have a recess depth t, which in this case increases continuously in the inward direction starting from the corresponding longitudinal edge 10 of the plate.
- the recesses 12 extending along a first component longitudinal side point towards one another, while the recesses 12 extending along the opposite second component longitudinal side point away from one another.
- each recess 12 forms an angle ⁇ in the range of 4° to 18° with the outer main plate surface 8, preferably an angle ⁇ in the range of 4° to 12°, in particular an angle ⁇ in the range of 7° to 10°.
- the two plates 6 and 7 are arranged offset from one another in the direction of their plate width B, the width b of the recesses 12 corresponding to the offset that the plates 6 and 7 have in the direction of their plate width B.
- the Figures 7 and 8 show the geometric relationship that gives the angle ⁇ .
- two components 1, 2, as shown in Figure 2 can be easily connected to one another in a latching manner as part of a pivoting movement. Thanks to the elasticity of the material and the wedge-like groove bases 13, weather-related and/or thermal expansions can be compensated for.
- the spacer webs 9 are connected to the respective plates 6 and 7 using grooved wedges 14, although other types of connection are also possible in principle.
- the plates 6 and 7 in the present case are also connected to one another using expansion pins 15 arranged between the spacer webs 9, whereby the first components 1 as a whole have a very high stability.
- the edges of two towards the depth T of the component 1 opposite gradations 12 are advantageously provided with a sealing tape 16 which extends over the entire edge length.
- the longer plate 6 of the first component 1 is provided on its first end face 17 with a chamfer 18 extending over the entire plate width B, while the first end face 17 of the plate 7 is flat.
- the second end faces 19 of both plates 6 and 7 are provided with recesses 20 that face one another and extend along the entire plate width B of the plates 6, 7. Furthermore, the lower end face 19 of the plate 6 has a downwardly projecting projection 21 which is complementary to the chamfer 18.
- the first component 1 serves as described below with reference to Figure 3 will be explained in more detail, for the construction of a building wall 22.
- the structure of the in the Figures 1 to 3 The second component 2 shown, which is used to construct a building ceiling 23, essentially corresponds to that of the first component 1, which is why the Figures 1 and 2 show both the first component 1 and the second component 2, since the selected cross-sectional views are identical.
- the plates 6 and 7 of the component 2, as shown in Figure 3 shown are the same length.
- plates 6 and 7 of the component 2 are longer than those of the component 1 in order to be able to completely span a preselected room width.
- the end faces 17 and 19 of the plates 6 and 7 are each flat.
- the bottom strips 3 have a width corresponding to the distance between the plates 6 and 7 of the components 1 in the area of the recesses 20. They comprise a flat underside 24. On the top there is a centrally positioned, longitudinally extending, upwardly projecting shoulder 25, the width of which corresponds to the distance A between the plates 6 and 7. Accordingly, those provided with the depressions 20 End faces 19 of the components 1 are placed on the paragraph 25 in a form-fitting manner.
- the base strip can have a rectangular cross section with a width that corresponds to the Distance A between plates 6 and 7 corresponds.
- the positioning, the length L and the thickness S of the plates 6 and 7 are adapted to the positioning, the length L and the thickness S of the plates 6 and 7 of the first components 1.
- the free longitudinal plate edges 10 of the corner elements 4 are arranged and designed to be complementary to the longitudinal plate edges 10 of the first components 1 in such a way that two components 1 can be detachably connected to a corner element 4.
- the angle between the plates 6 is reinforced with a squared timber 26 to increase the strength of the corner element 4.
- the respective connections between the panels 6, 7, the spacer webs 9 and the squared timber 26 are analogous to the first component 1 via in Figure 6 Not shown groove wedges 14 are realized.
- the plates 6, 7, the spacer webs 9, the groove wedges 14, the expansion pins 15 and the squared timbers 26 all have wood in the present case, the plates 6, 7 and the spacer webs 9 being made from chipboard.
- Corners that connect two building walls 22 arranged perpendicular to one another are, even if this is the case Figure 3 is not shown, realized using the corner elements 4.
- the corresponding floor strips 3 can be mitred.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein System und ein Verfahren zum Errichten von Gebäudewänden, -decken und/oder -dächern.The present invention relates to a system and a method for erecting building walls, ceilings and/or roofs.
Im Bauwesen ist es erstrebenswert, die Zeitdauer, die auf der Baustelle für die Errichtung von Gebäudewänden, -decken und/oder -dächern erforderlich ist, aufgrund der hohen Lohnkosten zu verringern. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden zur Errichtung von Gebäuden zunehmend Fertigbauteile eingesetzt.In construction, it is desirable to reduce the amount of time required on site to construct building walls, ceilings and/or roofs due to high labor costs. Against this background, prefabricated components are increasingly being used to construct buildings.
Ein seit langem bekanntes Beispiel ist die so genannte Blockbauweise. Bei dieser werden im Werk Bauelemente in Form massiver Holzblöcke auf Maß vorgefertigt sind, mit denen sich auf der Baustelle vergleichsweise schnell Wände, Decken und/oder Dachkonstruktionen errichten lassen.A long-known example is the so-called block construction. In this case, structural elements are prefabricated to size in the factory in the form of solid wooden blocks, which can be used to build walls, ceilings and/or roof structures comparatively quickly on the construction site.
Auch ist es bekannt, Fertighäuser mit auf Maß vorfabrizierten Bauelementen zu errichten, die ganze Wand-, Decken- und/oder Dacheinheiten abbilden, wodurch die Montage vor Ort noch weiter beschleunigt werden kann.It is also known to build prefabricated houses with prefabricated components that represent entire wall, ceiling and/or roof units, which can speed up assembly on site even further.
Ein wesentliches Problem dieser vorgefertigten Bauelemente besteht zum einen darin, dass sie ein sehr hohes Eigengewicht aufweisen, weshalb sie auf der Baustelle nur unter Verwendung eines Krans gehandhabt werden können. Zudem sind sie materialintensiv und damit teuer. Zum anderen wird für die Montage meist speziell geschultes Fachpersonal benötigt, was ebenfalls zusätzliche Kosten mit sich bringt. Noch ein weiteres Problem besteht darin, dass die einzelnen Bauelemente während der Montage auf der Baustelle mit einer Vielzahl von zusätzlichen Befestigungsmitteln miteinander verbunden werden müssen, wie beispielsweise Schrauben oder dergleichen, was ebenfalls mit einem nicht unerheblichen Zeit- und Kostenaufwand einhergeht.A major problem with these prefabricated components is, on the one hand, that they have a very high weight, which is why they can only be handled on the construction site using a crane. They are also material-intensive and therefore expensive. On the other hand, specially trained specialist personnel are usually required for assembly, which also entails additional costs. Yet another problem is that the individual components are connected to one another during assembly on the construction site using a variety of additional fasteners have to be connected, such as screws or the like, which also involves a considerable amount of time and money.
Weiteren Stand der Technik bilden die Druckschriften
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik ist es eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein System und ein Verfahren zum Errichten von Gebäudewänden, -decken und/oder -dächern der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, dessen Komponenten sich preiswert herstellen und auf der Baustelle auch von ungeschultem Personal ohne den Einsatz eines Krans schnell und kostengünstig montieren lassen.Based on this prior art, it is an object of the present invention to create a system and a method for erecting building walls, ceilings and / or roofs of the type mentioned at the beginning, the components of which can be produced inexpensively and on the construction site even by untrained people Allow personnel to assemble quickly and cost-effectively without the use of a crane.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe schafft die vorliegende Erfindung ein System zum Errichten von Gebäudewänden, -decken und/oder -dächern, umfassend eine Vielzahl identischer Bauelemente, die jeweils zumindest zwei längliche, im Wesentlichen rechteckig ausgebildete, eine einheitliche Breite aufweisende Platten, deren äußere Plattenhauptflächen sich parallel zueinander erstrecken und Außenflächen des Bauelements bilden, und Abstandsstege aufweisen, welche die Platten miteinander verbinden, wobei zur lösbaren formschlüssigen Befestigung des Bauelements an benachbart angeordneten Bauelementen jede Plattenlängskante mit einer eine Abstufung bildenden, sich über die gesamte Länge der Plattenlängskante erstreckenden Aussparung versehen ist, wobei die Aussparungen komplementär zueinander ausgebildet sind, in Plattenlängsrichtung einen konstanten Querschnitt haben und eine Aussparungstiefe aufweisen, die ausgehend von der Plattenlängskante in Einwärtsrichtung zunimmt, wobei die sich entlang einer ersten Bauelementlängsseite erstreckenden Aussparungen zueinander weisen und die sich entlang der gegenüberliegenden zweiten Bauelementlängsseite erstreckenden Aussparungen voneinander weg weisen, und wobei die Platten in Richtung ihrer Plattenbreite versetzt zueinander angeordnet sind.To solve this problem, the present invention creates a system for erecting building walls, ceilings and / or roofs, comprising a large number of identical components, each of which has at least two elongated, essentially rectangular plates with a uniform width, the outer main plate surfaces of which extend parallel to one another and form outer surfaces of the component, and have spacer webs which connect the plates to one another, with each longitudinal edge of the plate being provided with a recess which forms a gradation and extends over the entire length of the longitudinal edge of the plate for the releasable, positive fastening of the component to adjacently arranged components, wherein the recesses are designed to be complementary to one another, have a constant cross section in the longitudinal direction of the plate and have a recess depth which increases inwardly starting from the longitudinal edge of the plate, the recesses extending along a first component longitudinal side facing one another and those extending along the opposite second component longitudinal side Recesses point away from each other, and the plates are arranged offset from one another in the direction of their plate width.
Ein wesentlicher Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Systems besteht darin, dass die Bauelemente, die im einfachsten Fall genau zwei über Abstandsstege miteinander verbundene Platten aufweisen, ein vergleichsweise geringes Eigengewicht aufweisen, weshalb sie sich preiswert herstellen und auf der Baustelle auch ohne den Einsatz eines Krans von einer oder von zwei Personen handhaben lassen. Dennoch weisen die Bauelemente eine sehr hohe Festigkeit und Biegesteifigkeit auf, so dass sie auch als tragende Bauelemente eingesetzt werden können. Noch ein weiterer Vorteil der Bauelemente des erfindungsgemäßen Systems besteht darin, dass sie sich aufgrund der Ausbildung ihrer Plattenlängskanten untereinander schnell und einfach unter Erzeugung einer lösbaren und formschlüssigen Verbindung aneinander befestigen lassen, ohne dass hierzu zusätzliche Befestigungsmittel erforderlich sind, wie beispielsweise Schrauben oder dergleichen. Dies führt zu einer deutlichen Zeit- und Kostenersparnis bei der Montage auf der Baustelle.A significant advantage of the system according to the invention is that the components, which in the simplest case have exactly two panels connected to one another via spacer bars, have a comparatively low weight, which is why they are inexpensive to produce and can be installed on the construction site without the use of a crane of one or more be handled by two people. Nevertheless, the components have a very high strength and flexural rigidity, so that they can also be used as load-bearing components. Yet another advantage of the components of the system according to the invention is that, due to the design of their longitudinal plate edges, they can be fastened to one another quickly and easily to create a detachable and positive connection, without the need for additional fastening means, such as screws or the like. This leads to significant time and cost savings during assembly on the construction site.
Gemäß einer Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung nimmt die Aussparungstiefe kontinuierlich zu, was die Fertigung der Bauelemente erleichtert.According to one embodiment of the present invention, the recess depth increases continuously, which facilitates the production of the components.
Der Grund jeder Aussparung schließt mit der äußeren Plattenhauptfläche bevorzugt einen Winkel im Bereich von 4° bis 12° ein, insbesondere einen Winkel im Bereich von 7° bis 10°. Auf diese Weise wird eine einfache Montage bei gleichzeitig sehr gutem Formschluss zwischen den Bauelementen gewährleistet.The base of each recess preferably forms an angle in the range of 4° to 12°, in particular an angle in the range of 7° to 10°, with the outer main plate surface. In this way, easy assembly is ensured while at the same time very good positive connection between the components.
Die jeweilige Breite der Aussparungen entspricht vorteilhaft dem Versatz, den die Platten in Richtung ihrer Plattenbreite aufweisen. Damit lassen sich die Plattenlängskanten benachbarter Bauelemente sehr einfach im Rahmen einer relativen Schwenkbewegung der aneinander zu befestigenden Bauelemente miteinander verbinden.The respective width of the recesses advantageously corresponds to the offset that the plates have in the direction of their plate width. This allows you to The longitudinal plate edges of adjacent components are very easily connected to one another as part of a relative pivoting movement of the components to be fastened to one another.
Gemäß einer Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung sind die Abstandsstege eines Bauelementes unter Verwendung von Nutkeilen mit den Platten verbunden, wodurch eine sehr hohe Stabilität erzielt wird.According to one embodiment of the present invention, the spacer webs of a component are connected to the plates using grooved wedges, whereby very high stability is achieved.
Vorteilhaft sind die Platten eines Bauelementes unter Verwendung von Spreizstiften miteinander verbunden. Dank solcher Spreizstifte wird eine noch bessere Stabilität der Bauelemente erzielt.The plates of a component are advantageously connected to one another using expansion pins. Thanks to such expansion pins, even better stability of the components is achieved.
Vorteilhaft weisen die Platten und/oder die Abstandsstege und/oder die Nutkeile und/oder die Spreizstifte Holz auf, wobei die Platten und/oder die Abstandsstege insbesondere aus Spanplatten hergestellt sind. Entsprechend werden Bauelemente bereitgestellt, die aus nachwachsenden Ressourcen gefertigt und auch gut recyclebar sind.The panels and/or the spacer webs and/or the groove wedges and/or the expansion pins advantageously have wood, the panels and/or the spacer webs being made in particular from chipboard. Accordingly, components are provided that are made from renewable resources and are also easy to recycle.
Bevorzugt sind die Kanten zumindest einiger Abstufungen mit einem Dichtungsband versehen, so dass im Rahmen der Verbindung zweier Bauelemente automatisch auch eine Abdichtung entlang der zueinander weisenden Plattenlängskanten erfolgt.Preferably, the edges of at least some gradations are provided with a sealing tape, so that when two components are connected, a seal is automatically created along the longitudinal plate edges facing one another.
Gemäß einer Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung weisen die Platten eine Länge von wenigstens 2.200 mm und/oder eine Breite im Bereich von 200 mm bis 400 mm auf. Die Länge von wenigstens 2.200 mm ist dahingehend von Vorteil, dass sich Gebäudewände einfach durch hochkant aneinandergereihte Bauelemente realisieren lassen. Eine Breite im Bereich von 200 mm bis 400 mm stellt sicher, dass das Eigengewicht der Bauelemente hinreichend gering ausfällt, dass die Bauelemente auf der Baustelle von einer oder von zwei Personen gehandhabt werden können.According to one embodiment of the present invention, the plates have a length of at least 2,200 mm and/or a width in the range of 200 mm to 400 mm. The length of at least 2,200 mm is an advantage in that building walls can be easily created using structural elements lined up side by side. A width in the range of 200 mm to 400 mm ensures that the weight of the components is sufficiently low that the components can be handled on the construction site by one or two people.
Die Bauelemente weisen bevorzugt eine Tiefe im Bereich von 100 mm bis 350 mm auf.The components preferably have a depth in the range from 100 mm to 350 mm.
Gemäß einer Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Länge der Platten eines Bauelements verschieden, wobei die Längendifferenz bevorzugt im Bereich von 100 mm bis 350 mm liegt. Wird aus solchen Bauelementen beispielsweise eine Wand errichtet, so können die längeren Platten als äußerer Anschlag für eine auf die Wand aufgesetzte Deckenkonstruktion dienen.According to one embodiment of the present invention, the length of the plates of a component is different, the difference in length preferably being in the range from 100 mm to 350 mm. If, for example, a wall is built from such components, the longer panels can serve as an external stop for a ceiling structure placed on the wall.
Bevorzugt weist das System Bodenleisten auf, deren Abmessungen derart gewählt sind, dass die Bauelemente mit ihren kurzen Stirnseiten formschlüssig auf diese aufgesetzt werden können. Dank solcher Bodenleisten lassen sich die Bauelemente beim Errichten einer Gebäudewand schnell und einfach auf dem Untergrund positionieren.The system preferably has base strips whose dimensions are selected such that the components can be placed on them with their short end faces in a form-fitting manner. Thanks to such base strips, the components can be positioned quickly and easily on the ground when erecting a building wall.
Vorteilhaft weist das System Abdeckelemente zum Abdecken der Längskanten eines Bauelementes auf, wobei jedes Abdeckelement drei U-förmig angeordnete Platten aufweist, deren freie Längskanten derart komplementär zu den Längskanten der Bauelemente angeordnet und ausgebildet sind, dass das Abdeckelement lösbar mit einem Bauelement verbunden werden kann. Derartige Abdeckelemente dienen beispielsweise als Blenden für frei im Raum endende Wände.The system advantageously has cover elements for covering the longitudinal edges of a component, each cover element having three U-shaped plates, the free longitudinal edges of which are arranged and designed to complement the longitudinal edges of the components in such a way that the cover element can be detachably connected to a component. Such cover elements serve, for example, as panels for walls that end freely in the room.
Gemäß einer Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung weist das System zur Ausbildung von Raumecken Eckelemente auf, wobei jedes Eckelement vier Platten aufweist, von denen jeweils zwei L-förmig angeordnet und die L-förmigen Anordnungen unter Verwendung von Abstandsstegen miteinander verbunden sind, und wobei die freien Plattenlängskanten derart komplementär zu den Plattenlängskanten der Bauelemente angeordnet und ausgebildet sind, dass zwei Bauelemente mit einem Eckelement lösbar verbunden werden können.According to one embodiment of the present invention, the system for forming room corners has corner elements, each corner element having four plates, two of which are arranged in an L shape and the L-shaped arrangements are connected to one another using spacer webs, and the free longitudinal plate edges are arranged and designed so that they are complementary to the plate longitudinal edges of the components so that two components can be releasably connected to a corner element.
Es sollte klar sein, dass das erfindungsgemäße System mehrere Gruppen identischer Bauelemente aufweisen kann, wobei sich die Bauelemente jeder Gruppe beispielsweise in Bezug auf die Abmessungen der Platten und/oder Verbindungsstege voneinander unterscheiden. So kann das System beispielweise Bauelemente aufweisen, deren Abmessungen speziell für die Errichtung von Wänden gewählt sind, solche, deren Abmessungen speziell für die Errichtung von Decken gewählt sind, etc.It should be clear that the system according to the invention can have several groups of identical components, the components of each group differing from one another, for example with regard to the dimensions of the plates and/or connecting webs. For example, the system can have components whose dimensions are specifically selected for the construction of walls, those whose dimensions are specifically selected for the construction of ceilings, etc.
Ferner schafft die vorliegende Erfindung zur Lösung der eingangs genannten Aufgabe ein Verfahren zum Errichten von Gebäudewänden, -decken und/oder -dächern unter Verwendung eines erfindungsgemäßen Systems, bei dem zueinander weisende Plattenlängskanten benachbarter Bauelemente ohne zusätzliche Befestigungsmittel formschlüssig miteinander verbunden werden.Furthermore, in order to solve the problem mentioned at the outset, the present invention creates a method for erecting building walls, ceilings and/or roofs using a system according to the invention, in which mutually facing longitudinal plate edges of adjacent components are connected to one another in a form-fitting manner without additional fasteners.
Bevorzugt werden durch Platten und Abstandsstege gebildete Zwischenräume auf der Baustelle mit Dämmmaterial gefüllt, insbesondere mit schüttfähigem Dämmmaterial.Intermediate spaces formed by panels and spacer bars on the construction site are preferably filled with insulating material, in particular with pourable insulating material.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung werden anhand der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines Systems gemäß einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die beiliegende Zeichnung deutlich. Darin ist
Figur 1- eine perspektivische schematische Schnittansicht eines Bauelementes eines Systems gemäß einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung;
Figur 2- eine geschnittene Vorderansicht des Bauelementes, wobei sich die Schnittlinie durch einen Spreizstift erstreckt;
Figur 3- eine perspektivische Ansicht einer beispielhaften Wand- und Deckenkonstruktion, die aus in den
undFiguren 12 dargestell ten Bauelementen gefertigt ist; Figur 4- eine Draufsicht in Richtung des Pfeils IV in
Fig. 3 ; - Figur 5
- eine teilweise geschnittene Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeils V in
;Figur 3 Figur 6- eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Eckelementes des Systems.
Figur 7- eine geschnittene Vorderansicht des Bauelements, in die geometrische Beziehungen eingezeichnet sind; und
Figur 8- eine geschnittene Vorderansicht eines weiteren Bauelements, in die geometrische Beziehungen eingezeichnet sind.
- Figure 1
- a perspective schematic sectional view of a component of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
- Figure 2
- a sectional front view of the component, the section line extending through an expansion pin;
- Figure 3
- a perspective view of an exemplary wall and ceiling construction, which is shown in the
Figures 1 and2 shown components is manufactured; - Figure 4
- a top view in the direction of arrow IV in
Fig. 3 ; - Figure 5
- a partially sectioned view in the direction of arrow V in
Figure 3 ; - Figure 6
- a perspective view of a corner element of the system.
- Figure 7
- a sectional front view of the component, in which geometric relationships are drawn; and
- Figure 8
- a sectioned front view of another component, in which geometric relationships are drawn.
Gleiche Bezugsziffern beziehen sich nachfolgend auf gleiche oder funktional gleichartige Bauteile oder Bauteilbereiche.The same reference numbers refer below to the same or functionally similar components or component areas.
Die Figuren zeigen ein System gemäß einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung, das zum Errichten von Gebäudewänden, -decken und/oder -dächern verwendet werden kann. Das System umfasst als Hauptkomponenten eine Vielzahl identisch ausgebildeter erster Bauelemente 1, eine Vielzahl identisch ausgebildeter zweiter Bauelemente 2, Bodenleisten 3 und Eckelemente 4.The figures show a system according to an embodiment of the present invention that can be used to construct building walls, ceilings and/or roofs. The system comprises, as main components, a large number of identically designed
Die
Der Aufbau des in den
Die Bodenleisten 3 weisen eine dem Abstand zwischen den Platten 6 und 7 der Bauelemente 1 im Bereich der Vertiefungen 20 entsprechende Breite auf. Sie umfassen eine plane Unterseite 24. An der Oberseite ist ein mittig positionierter, sich in Längsrichtung erstreckender, aufwärts vorstehender Absatz 25 vorgesehen, dessen Breite dem Abstand A zwischen den Platten 6 und 7 entspricht. Entsprechend können die mit den Vertiefungen 20 versehenen Stirnseiten 19 der Bauelemente 1 formschlüssig auf den Absatz 25 aufgesetzt werden. Alternativ ist es beispielsweise aber auch möglich, alle Stirnseiten 17 und 19 der Platten 6 und 7 des ersten Bauelementes 1 eben auszubilden, also ohne Fase 18 und ohne Vertiefungen 20. In diesem Fall kann die Bodenleiste eine rechteckigen Querschnitt mit einer Breite aufweisen, die dem Abstand A zwischen den Platten 6 und 7 entspricht.The bottom strips 3 have a width corresponding to the distance between the
Die Eckelemente 4, von denen eines in
Die Platten 6, 7, die Abstandsstege 9, die Nutkeile14, die Spreizstifte 15 und die Kanthölzer 26 weisen vorliegend alle Holz auf, wobei die Platten 6, 7 und die Abstandsstege 9 aus Spanplatten hergestellt sind.The
Zum Errichten einer Gebäudewand wird unter Bezugnahme auf
Anschließend werden die zweiten Bauelemente 2 zur Errichtung der Gebäudedecke 23 montiert, indem sie einfach auf die ersten Stirnseiten 17 einander gegenüber montierter erster Bauelemente 1 aufgelegt und in der zuvor beschriebenen Weise untereinander formschlüssig verbinden werden.The
Zur Errichtung einer weiteren Etage werden dann wieder die entsprechenden Gebäudewände 22 in der zuvor beschriebenen Weise montiert. Hierbei greifen die Vorsprünge 21 der Platten 6 der ersten Bauelemente 1 in die Fasen 18 der Platten 6 der darunter angeordneten ersten Bauelemente 1.To build another floor, the corresponding
Während der Montage der Gebäudewände 22, der Gebäudedecken 23 und ggf. eines Gebäudedaches unter Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Systems ist kein Kran erforderlich, da sich sämtliche Komponenten des Systems aufgrund des vergleichsweise geringen Eigengewichts von einer oder ggf. von zwei Personen manuell handhaben lassen.During the assembly of the
Es sei darauf hingewiesen, dass das zuvor beschriebene System nur als Beispiel dient und nicht als einschränkend zu verstehen ist. Vielmehr sind Modifikationen und Änderungen möglich, ohne den durch die beiliegenden Ansprüche definierten Schutzbereich zu verlassen.It should be noted that the system described above is intended as an example only and should not be construed as limiting. Rather, modifications and changes are possible without departing from the scope of protection defined by the appended claims.
- 11
- BauelementComponent
- 22
- BauteilComponent
- 33
- BodenleisteBottom bar
- 44
- BodenleisteBottom bar
- 66
- Platteplate
- 77
- Platteplate
- 88th
- PlattenhauptflächePlate main surface
- 99
- AbstandsstegeSpacer bars
- 1010
- PlattenlängskanteLongitudinal edge of the plate
- 1111
- Abstufunggradation
- 1212
- AbstufungenGradations
- 1313
- NutgründeGroove reasons
- 1414
- Nutkeilegroove wedges
- 1515
- Spreizstiftenspreader pins
- 1616
- Dichtungsbandsealing tape
- 1717
- Stirnseitefront side
- 1818
- FasenChamfers
- 1919
- Stirnseitefront side
- 2020
- Vertiefungendepressions
- 2121
- Vorsprunghead Start
- 2222
- GebäudewandBuilding wall
- 2323
- GebäudedeckeBuilding ceiling
- 2424
- Unterseitebottom
- 2525
- AbsatzParagraph
- 2626
- KanthölzerSquared timbers
- 2727
- Untergrundunderground
- 2828
- Pfeilsarrows
- 2929
- InnenkanteInside edge
- 3030
- InnenkanteInside edge
- 3131
- KreisbogenCircular arc
- 3232
- PunktPoint
- 3333
- PunktPoint
Claims (15)
- System for constructing building walls (22), ceilings (23) and/or roofs, comprising a plurality of identical construction elements (1, 2) which each have at least two elongate, substantially rectangular panels (6, 7) of uniform width (B), the outer main panel surfaces (8) of which extend parallel to one another and form outer surfaces of the construction element (1, 2), and spacer bars (9) which connect the panels (6, 7) to one another, characterized in that,for releasable form-fitting fastening of the construction element (1, 2) to adjacently arranged construction elements (1, 2), each longitudinal edge (10) of the panel is provided with a recess (12) which forms a step (11) and extends over the entire length of the longitudinal edge (10) of the panel,in that the recesses (12) are formed complementarily to one another, have a constant cross section in the longitudinal direction of the panel and have a recess depth (t) which increases in the inward direction starting from the longitudinal edge (10) of the panel,in that the recesses (12) which extend along a first longitudinal side of the construction element (1, 2) are facing one another, and the recesses (12) which extend along the opposite second longitudinal side of the construction element (1, 2) are facing away from one another, andin that the panels (6, 7) are arranged offset from one another in the direction of their panel width (B).
- System according to claim 1, characterized in that the recess depth (t) increases continuously.
- System according to claim 2, characterized in that the bottom (13) of each recess (12) forms an angle (α) with the outer main panel surface (8) in the range of 4° to 18°, preferably an angle (α) in the range of 4° to 12°, in particular an angle (α) in the range of 7° to 10°.
- System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective width (b) of the recesses (12) corresponds to the offset that the panels (6, 7) have in the direction of their panel width (B).
- System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spacer bars (9) of a construction element (1, 2) are connected to the panels (6, 7) using groove wedges (14).
- System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the panels (6, 7) of a construction element (1, 2) are connected to each other using expansion pins (15).
- System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the panels (6, 7) and/or the spacer bars (9) and/or the groove wedges (14) and/or the expansion pins (15) comprise wood, the panels (6, 7) and/or the spacer bars (9) being made in particular of chipboard.
- System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the edges of at least some of the steps (11) are provided with a sealing strip (16).
- System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the panels (6, 7) have a length (L) of at least 2,200 mm and/or a width (B) in the range of 200 mm to 400 mm.
- System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the construction elements (6, 7) have a depth (T) in the range from 100 mm to 350 mm.
- System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the length (L) of the panels (6, 7) of a construction element (1) is different, the difference in length preferably being in the range from 100 mm to 350 mm.
- System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has base strips (3) whose dimensions are selected in such a way that the construction elements (1) can be placed on them with their short end faces (19) in a form-fitting manner.
- System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises corner elements (4) for forming room corners,wherein each corner element (4) comprises four panels (6, 7), two of which are arranged in an L-shape and the L-shaped arrangements are connected to each other using spacer bars (9), andwherein the free panel longitudinal edges (10) are arranged and formed complementary to the panel longitudinal edges (10) of the construction elements (1, 2) in such a way that two construction elements can be detachably connected to a corner element (4).
- Method for constructing building walls (22), ceilings (23) and/or roofs using a system according to one of the preceding claims, in which mutually facing longitudinal panel edges (10) of adjacent construction elements (1, 2) are positively connected to one another without additional fastening means.
- Method according to claim 14, characterized in that gaps formed by panels (6, 7) and spacer bars (9) are filled with insulating material at the construction site.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102020100137.1A DE102020100137A1 (en) | 2020-01-07 | 2020-01-07 | System and method for erecting building walls, ceilings and / or roofs |
PCT/EP2020/087122 WO2021140009A1 (en) | 2020-01-07 | 2020-12-18 | System and method for erecting walls, ceilings and/or roofs of buildings |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP4087984A1 EP4087984A1 (en) | 2022-11-16 |
EP4087984C0 EP4087984C0 (en) | 2023-11-22 |
EP4087984B1 true EP4087984B1 (en) | 2023-11-22 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20833707.1A Active EP4087984B1 (en) | 2020-01-07 | 2020-12-18 | System and method for erecting walls, ceilings and/or roofs of buildings |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4087984B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102020100137A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021140009A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN116290454B (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2023-08-22 | 中建五局(烟台)建设工程有限公司 | Assembled block wall and wall construction method |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE8900698U1 (en) * | 1989-01-23 | 1989-04-20 | Schacht, Peter, 8222 Ruhpolding | Multilayer wooden beam |
DE10110798C2 (en) * | 2000-07-11 | 2003-09-25 | Heinz Hartmann | Wooden building element to create a wooden climate wall and wooden climate wall using the wooden building elements |
US20020134041A1 (en) * | 2001-03-21 | 2002-09-26 | Dennis Lofstrom | Wall construction system |
RU2007132423A (en) * | 2007-08-27 | 2009-03-10 | Евгений Иванович Гудилин (RU) | ASSEMBLY CONSTRUCTION FROM LONGITUDINAL ELEMENTS AND LONGITUDINAL ELEMENT (OPTIONS) FOR ASSEMBLING THIS CONSTRUCTION |
IT201700004152A1 (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2018-07-17 | Cubelam Srl | STRUCTURE OF WALL IN LIGNEO MATERIAL |
-
2020
- 2020-01-07 DE DE102020100137.1A patent/DE102020100137A1/en active Pending
- 2020-12-18 WO PCT/EP2020/087122 patent/WO2021140009A1/en unknown
- 2020-12-18 EP EP20833707.1A patent/EP4087984B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP4087984C0 (en) | 2023-11-22 |
EP4087984A1 (en) | 2022-11-16 |
DE102020100137A1 (en) | 2021-07-08 |
WO2021140009A1 (en) | 2021-07-15 |
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