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EP3999358B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une structure sur une surface - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'une structure sur une surface Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3999358B1
EP3999358B1 EP20739403.2A EP20739403A EP3999358B1 EP 3999358 B1 EP3999358 B1 EP 3999358B1 EP 20739403 A EP20739403 A EP 20739403A EP 3999358 B1 EP3999358 B1 EP 3999358B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transfer film
fine structure
flat workpiece
coating
workpiece
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP20739403.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3999358A1 (fr
Inventor
Stefan Hörnicke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Achilles Veredelt GmbH
Original Assignee
Achilles Veredelt GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from EP19187327.2A external-priority patent/EP3766703A1/fr
Priority claimed from EP20177147.4A external-priority patent/EP3915802A1/fr
Application filed by Achilles Veredelt GmbH filed Critical Achilles Veredelt GmbH
Publication of EP3999358A1 publication Critical patent/EP3999358A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3999358B1 publication Critical patent/EP3999358B1/fr
Revoked legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
    • B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/24—Pressing or stamping ornamental designs on surfaces

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a structure on a surface of a flat, in particular rigid, workpiece, in particular a furniture part, a trim part, a structural part, a floor element or a structural element.
  • Structured surfaces are widespread, for example, in the furniture industry and in the construction industry, for example for finishing kitchen fronts, furniture panels and building materials.
  • surface finishing in particular with a reproduction of a structure, is common today.
  • These replicas of structures can be simulated wood pores, simulated stone surfaces or imaginary structures.
  • Differently manufactured embossing matrices are used, which are pressed into the surface, e.g. by means of melamine pressing, or a structure that is painted onto the surface.
  • paper printed with a wood look is impregnated with a melamine resin, dried and then pressed onto chipboard in a heating press with an embossing plate. Structures with a depth of about 20 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m then result on the surface due to the embossing plate.
  • a wooden board is painted, printed and then provided with a transparent top coat.
  • a structure with a structured top coat roller is, for example, in DE 10 2007 019 871 A1 described.
  • the EP 3 109 056 B1 finally describes a method for producing a structure on a surface, in which, in a first step, the surface of a workpiece to be coated is coated with a liquid base layer and in a second step, a structure is created in this still liquid base layer with the aid of sprayed liquid droplets, which is later fixed.
  • This method is also comparatively complex and requires expensively manufactured tools.
  • the disadvantage of all these methods is that no nanostructures can be produced on the flat workpieces. If nanostructures are applied with an embossing roller, there is a risk of the structure tearing out or flowing.
  • the structures applied using the inkjet process have elevations of 5 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m. Finer structures cannot be achieved due to a lack of resolution.
  • a known from the prior art approach to the production of actually finer structures is from CA2 709 564 A1 known, but relates to a method for applying holograms to flexible substrates, ie lottery tickets.
  • the flexible substrate is provided with a layer of lacquer.
  • a film with a microstructure is applied to the paint layer. After a curing process using UV light, during which the lacquer layer hardens, the film is removed.
  • This document describes the application of fine structures to flexible substrates in a printing machine with inline printing and coating units and an integrated perforating station, which is not suitable for finishing workpieces such as furniture, trim parts and the like.
  • this document is limited to transferring the fine structure to the paper and therefore does not offer a solution as to how the fine structure is to be formed into the film when coating flat pieces of furniture in order to achieve the best possible result with workpieces such as pieces of furniture.
  • the WO 2019/0185832 A1 describes, on the other hand, an embossing matrix referred to as a master film web, by means of which fine structures are embossed into another film web.
  • the master film web is provided with a master lacquer layer on a transfer surface, in which negative forms of structures to be transferred are formed.
  • the master film web and the film web to which the structures are to be transferred run through a pressure roller/pressure roller arrangement and are pressed against one another, as a result of which the structure of the master film web is transferred to the film web.
  • the foil web Before the embossing process, the foil web is provided with a layer of lacquer on its surface. The structure is later embossed into the applied lacquer layer using the master film web and cured using UV light.
  • a film web is also provided with a lacquer layer.
  • the film web then runs through an embossing calender, in which the structure is embossed into the film web.
  • the paint coating is cured using UV light.
  • a major disadvantage of this method is, in particular, that the film web is first coated with a hardenable lacquer, which is then embossed and hardened. With this procedure, there is always the risk of the structure in the lacquer layer being pulled out or flowing, which considerably impairs the accuracy of the fine structure. It is also not possible to guarantee that the lacquer layer on the film web is always constant for the embossing process. It has turned out that compared to this multi-stage embossing approach there is also a considerable potential for cost savings.
  • the EP 2 025 413 A2 refers to a process for producing a surface on a flat workpiece, in which the workpiece is first coated with powder.
  • a structured foil-like transmission medium is then pressed against the uncured powder coating and the powder coating is cured.
  • To produce the structured Transmission medium is proposed to first provide the film-like fürtragunsmedium with a coating.
  • the desired structure is then mechanically embossed into the lacquer layer and the lacquer layer is cured by irradiation.
  • hardenable lacquer for foil embossing which can lead to the fine structure tearing out or running.
  • the present invention sets itself the task of providing a method for producing a structure on a surface of a workpiece which can use existing tools in conventional manufacturing plants, and which is sufficiently flexible so that if a structure is changed, the respective tool (the roller or the press plate) does not have to be changed.
  • the method according to the invention should also offer the possibility of producing nanostructures (e.g. holographic surfaces) on the workpiece surface with high precision and cost-effectiveness.
  • a structure is produced on the workpiece surface by means of a transfer film, on the surface of which there is an original fine structure.
  • a structured surface is to be understood as meaning a three-dimensional structure.
  • neither a powder-coated substrate is used, nor is the fine structure introduced into the transfer film using a lacquer coating.
  • lacquers to the transfer film can be omitted in the context of the method according to the invention, which has considerable advantages from an economic point of view.
  • additives such as paints
  • the fine structure is introduced into the transfer film exclusively by thermal embossing or by means of ultrasonic embossing of the transfer film, without additional materials for structure formation being applied to the transfer film before the embossing process.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that the structured cylinder or the structured sleeve for embossing the transfer film is seamless.
  • a seamless or structured sleeve without weld seams is shaped like a sleeve, for example, and has a seamless, in particular consistently smooth, surface structure into which the embossed structure is formed.
  • the particular advantage is that, unlike shim systems, ie embossing systems in which plate-shaped shims are welded to form a cylindrical embossing mold, no images of weld seams are formed in the substrate running on the embossing mold.
  • the embossed structure can also be seamless, ie the embossed structure does not have any seams or the like, but is formed directly into the structured sleeve or the structured cylinder.
  • a seamless textured cylinder or a seamless textured Sleeves can effectively create a seamless structure on the surface of a workpiece.
  • the invention is particularly aimed at providing workpieces of a rigid nature with a structured surface.
  • the workpiece is therefore preferably a rigid workpiece or a rigid substrate.
  • a rigid workpiece is understood to mean in particular one that has high rigidity and dimensional stability, so that it is not bent or deformed in actual usage or when used generically, i.e. it is dimensionally stable. This includes in particular kitchen fronts, furniture panels and building materials, but also floor panels, interior and exterior paneling and industrial panels.
  • flexible workpieces i.e. flexible substrates
  • flexible workpieces i.e. flexible substrates
  • a structured surface within the scope of the invention.
  • the workpiece is a piece of furniture, a paneling part, a structural part, a floor element or a structural element.
  • the structured transfer foil consists of a material that is suitable for this purpose, for example thermoplastic material.
  • the textured transfer foil used in the method can be made as part of the process of making the fine structure of the target surface, or a transfer foil previously made or obtained elsewhere that has the desired original fine structure can be used in the method.
  • the surface can be any surface of a workpiece, such as a wooden surface, a plastic surface, a metal surface or a coated one Paper surface on a particularly otherwise rigid workpiece.
  • the target surface can be flat or curved (format or roll goods).
  • the coating can be a lacquer, paint or other curable coating.
  • Acrylic paints are preferably used. Lacquers that are UV-curable are very particularly preferred.
  • the selected transfer foil is placed on the target surface in such a way that its original fine structure touches the target surface while the coating is not yet cured. After the coating has cured, the transfer film is removed from the surface of the workpiece.
  • the transfer tape material adhering to the target surface creates a replicated fine structure that is a mirror image of the original transfer tape fine structure.
  • the height of the copied fine structure generated on the target surface is preferably slightly smaller than the height of the original fine structure in the direction normal to the target surface.
  • surface structures with a profile depth of, for example, 100 nm to 500 nm, preferably 100 nm to 200 nm, more preferably 120 nm to 150 nm can be produced without the structures tearing out or flowing.
  • haptic structures can also be produced which preferably have a profile depth of 10 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m without having to use special profiled rollers for this purpose.
  • the structured transfer foils can be transparent or opaque, in particular if the paint underneath can be cured by radiation, such as UV radiation.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that in step (b) the surface of the flat workpiece is provided with a coating and that in step (d) the coating is cured in contact with the transfer film by means of radiation, preferably UV radiation.
  • the irradiation preferably takes place through the transfer film from the side of the transfer film facing away from the workpiece.
  • the material of the transfer film can be acetyl cellulose or paper.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that the material of the transfer film is cellulose diacetate or cellulose triacetate.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that a fine structure is produced in a surface of a flat workpiece, which has a height in the direction normal to the target surface of 100 nm to 500 nm, preferably 100 nm to 200 nm, more preferably 120 nm to 150 nm .
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that a fine structure is produced in the surface of a flat workpiece, which produces a holographic optical effect.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that a fine structure is produced in the surface of a flat workpiece, which creates a lotus flower effect.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that a fine structure is produced in the surface of a flat workpiece, which causes a moth's eye effect.
  • the transfer film with a fine structure is used on both sides by being applied in a second run of the method to another flat workpiece with the opposite side of the previous run, it being possible for the front and back of the transfer film to have different fine structures.
  • one side of the transfer film can first be embossed and then the transfer film can be rolled up onto a roll.
  • the transfer film can be unrolled from the roll and brought back into contact with the surface of the embossing cylinder or embossing sleeve.
  • an additional deflection roller can be provided, over which the transfer film runs. This deflection roller is arranged in such a way that the transfer foil is turned over before it again comes into contact with the surface of the embossing cylinder or the embossing sleeve in order to form the second embossing.
  • the transfer foil is removed from the workpiece after the first pass, turned over and placed with the other side on a prepared workpiece in order to mold the second fine structure into the workpiece.
  • the fine structure with a profile depth of 100 nm to 150 ⁇ m is embossed into the transfer foil using a structured cylinder or a structured sleeve.
  • a structured cylinder or a structured sleeve For this purpose, there is explicitly no provision for the transfer film to first be coated with a hardenable lacquer, which is then embossed and hardens, because with such a procedure there would be a risk of the structure tearing out or flowing.
  • the transfer film can definitely be multi-layered.
  • the cylinders or sleeves for embossing the transfer foil can be made of nickel, copper or chromium, for example. Exemplary methods of imparting the textured surface to the cylinders or sleeves include electron beam lithography, laser technology such as the use of pico or nano lasers, and engraving, chemical or plasma etching.
  • the structure is transferred to the film by thermal embossing or ultrasonic embossing.
  • Thermal embossing can be done with a roll-to-roll press or by static embossing.
  • thermal structural embossing or hot embossing is understood to mean a method in which a prefabricated structure on a stamp, i.e. within the scope of the invention on the structured cylinder or the structured sleeve, is transferred to the transfer film to be embossed under the influence of heat.
  • the structural embossing of the substrate preferably takes place in a roll-to-roll process at embossing surface temperatures of 50° to 130° C.
  • the structured transfer foils can be transparent or opaque, in particular if the underlying varnish can be cured by radiation, such as UV radiation, as will be explained later.
  • the material of the transfer film can be selected, for example, from polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyester, polycarbonate, cellophane.
  • Other plastics such as bio-based plastics, e.g. polycactide, cellulose acetate and starch blends, can also be used as transfer film material.
  • Preferred plastics are cellulose acetates such as cellulose diacetate or cellulose triacetate.
  • Composite materials of different foils or foil/paper are also suitable for the transfer foils.
  • the connection of two materials to produce a composite material can be done, for example, by gluing using dispersion, LF or LH adhesives, co-extrusion or by means of ultrasound.
  • the film thickness of the transfer film is preferably 10 ⁇ m to 250 ⁇ m.
  • a film thickness of between 50 ⁇ m and 90 ⁇ m is most preferred, so that the transfer film has an advantageous rigidity and yet has a sufficient balance between flexibility and rigidity to be used in the method according to the invention.
  • the structured transfer film can also have a thermoreactive adhesive layer, for example made of EVA/PE, to improve the rigidity.
  • Film thicknesses of between 60 ⁇ m and 80 ⁇ m are preferred for structuring furniture surfaces.
  • Foil widths can be from 10 mm to 2500 mm. Film widths of 800 mm to 2100 mm are intended for structuring furniture surfaces.
  • the structured transfer films can, for example, be applied to the surface of a flat workpiece using commercially available calender-coating-inert machines, as is practiced, for example, in the furniture industry for the production of high-gloss surfaces.
  • calender-coating-inert machines are available, for example, from Hymmen GmbH (Hamm, Germany) and Cefla sc (Imola, Italy). available.
  • UV coatings are applied in a roller process.
  • a foil or tape then smoothes the still liquid paint surface. Curing takes place through the film by means of UV radiation with direct surface contact. The film is then removed from the surface.
  • An adjustment of the Calender-Coating-Inert machines is not necessary.
  • the flat workpiece as a format or rolled goods can be chipboard, MDF boards (e.g. for furniture), HDF boards, raw chipboard, veneer, floors, interior and exterior paneling and/or cement fiber boards, but also aircraft, automobile and railway parts.
  • MDF boards e.g. for furniture
  • HDF boards raw chipboard
  • veneer e.g. for furniture
  • floors interior and exterior paneling and/or cement fiber boards
  • aircraft, automobile and railway parts e.g. for furniture
  • test identifiers such as holograms or hidden security features based on micro or nano writing or images, which can facilitate the identification of counterfeit products.
  • the method according to the invention can also be used to produce decorative optical or haptic effects on the surfaces of the workpieces.
  • Transfer effects can be full-surface or partial.
  • the coating applied to the surface of the flat workpiece is preferably a thermally and/or UV-curing lacquer or a thermally and/or UV-curing paint. If a UV-curing lacquer is used, the film is preferably transparent, so that curing with UV light is facilitated.
  • Customary lacquers or paints based on polyacrylate or those based on alkyd resin are preferred.
  • the lacquers or paints can be those with or without electrical conductivity.
  • the conductivity can be produced, for example, by mixing with polyaniline in the paint composition. Polyaniline is a polymer with excellent electrical conductivity, which has an anti-corrosive effect due to passivation. If biodegradability is desired, paints based on vegetable oils can also be used. In principle, there are no limits to the use of certain paints in the process according to the invention.

Landscapes

  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Procédé de production d'une structure sur une surface d'une pièce plate, avec des étapes suivantes :
    (a) un film de transfert avec une structure fine est produit en ce qu'une structure fine est estampée dans le film de transfert avec une profondeur de profil de 100 nm à 150 µm au moyen d'un cylindre structuré ou d'un manchon structuré, dans lequel la structure fine est estampée dans le film de transfert de manière thermique ou au moyen d'ultrasons, dans lequel la surface du film de transfert est dépourvue d'un revêtement peint durcissable, dans lequel la structure fine aurait été estampée,
    (b) une surface de la pièce plate est revêtue d'un revêtement durcissable,
    (c) un film de transfert structuré est appliqué sur la surface revêtue à (b) avant le durcissement du revêtement de sorte que la structure se trouve en contact avec la surface revêtue de la pièce plate,
    (d) le revêtement de la surface revêtue est durci ou s'est laissé durcir au contact du film de transfert,
    (e) le film de transfert est retiré de la surface revêtue durcie, de sorte qu'une structure copiée est laissée sur la surface cible.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le film de transfert est transparent ou opaque.
  3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'à l'étape (b), la surface de la pièce plate est pourvue d'une peinture, et qu'à l'étape (d), la peinture est durcie au contact avec le film de transfert au moyen d'un rayonnement, de préférence d'un rayonnement UV.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le cylindre structuré ou le manchon structuré sont réalisés sans soudure.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la pièce est une partie de meuble, une partie d'habillage, une partie de structure, un élément de sol ou un élément de construction.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le matériau du film de transfert est de l'acétylcellulose ou du papier.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le matériau du film de transfert est du diacétate de cellulose ou du triacétate de cellulose.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une structure fine est générée dans une surface d'une pièce plate, qui présente une hauteur en direction de la normale de la surface cible de 100 nm à 500 nm, de manière préférée de 100 nm à 200 nm, de manière plus préférée de 120 nm à 150 nm.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une structure fine est générée dans la surface de la pièce plate, qui entraîne un effet optique décoratif.
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une structure fine est générée dans la surface d'une pièce plate, qui entraîne un effet optique holographique.
  11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une structure fine est générée dans la surface d'une pièce plate, qui entraîne un effet de fleur de lotus.
  12. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une structure fine est générée dans la surface d'une pièce plate, qui entraîne un effet d'œil de mite.
  13. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le film de transfert avec une structure fine est utilisé à double face en ce qu'il est appliqué, dans une deuxième passe du procédé, sur une autre pièce plate avec le côté opposé de la passe précédente, dans lequel le côté avant et le côté arrière du film de transfert peuvent comprendre différentes structures fines.
EP20739403.2A 2019-07-19 2020-07-16 Procédé de fabrication d'une structure sur une surface Revoked EP3999358B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19187327.2A EP3766703A1 (fr) 2019-07-19 2019-07-19 Procédé de fabrication d'une structure sur une surface
EP20177147.4A EP3915802A1 (fr) 2020-05-28 2020-05-28 Procédé d'impression par gaufrage de substrats au moyen de la technologie sleeve
PCT/EP2020/070113 WO2021013679A1 (fr) 2019-07-19 2020-07-16 Procédé de production d'une structure sur une surface

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3999358A1 EP3999358A1 (fr) 2022-05-25
EP3999358B1 true EP3999358B1 (fr) 2023-08-30

Family

ID=71575409

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20739403.2A Revoked EP3999358B1 (fr) 2019-07-19 2020-07-16 Procédé de fabrication d'une structure sur une surface

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3999358B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021013679A1 (fr)

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US3761338A (en) 1971-09-08 1973-09-25 Exxon Research Engineering Co Texturizing film for the manufacture of high pressure laminates
US6632507B2 (en) 1998-06-05 2003-10-14 Premark Rwp Holdings, Inc. Holographically enhanced decorative laminate
WO2005030472A1 (fr) 2003-10-01 2005-04-07 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Outil pour produire une surface microstructuree
WO2007059805A1 (fr) 2005-11-24 2007-05-31 Kronospan Technical Company Ltd. Dispositif de revetement comprenant une substance de revetement fluide destinee a des surfaces lisses ou structurees
EP3108970B1 (fr) 2015-06-25 2019-01-23 Hymmen GmbH Maschinen- und Anlagenbau Procédé de fabrication d'un stratifié décoratif peint

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DE202008001067U1 (de) * 2007-01-24 2008-09-04 WINKLER+DüNNEBIER AG Magnetwalze zum Schneiden und/oder Prägen von Materialbahnen oder -zuschnitten
DE102007019871A1 (de) 2007-04-25 2008-10-09 Theodor Hymmen Holding Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung einer dünnen dreidimensional strukturierten Oberfläche auf plattenförmigen Werkstoffen
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DE102009044802B4 (de) 2009-11-30 2017-11-23 Hymmen GmbH Maschinen- und Anlagenbau Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung einer dreidimensionalen Oberflächenstruktur auf einem Werkstück
CA2709564C (fr) 2010-07-23 2016-08-23 Pollard Banknote Limited Partnership Billet de loterie a aspect holographique
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3761338A (en) 1971-09-08 1973-09-25 Exxon Research Engineering Co Texturizing film for the manufacture of high pressure laminates
US6632507B2 (en) 1998-06-05 2003-10-14 Premark Rwp Holdings, Inc. Holographically enhanced decorative laminate
WO2005030472A1 (fr) 2003-10-01 2005-04-07 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Outil pour produire une surface microstructuree
WO2007059805A1 (fr) 2005-11-24 2007-05-31 Kronospan Technical Company Ltd. Dispositif de revetement comprenant une substance de revetement fluide destinee a des surfaces lisses ou structurees
EP3108970B1 (fr) 2015-06-25 2019-01-23 Hymmen GmbH Maschinen- und Anlagenbau Procédé de fabrication d'un stratifié décoratif peint

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Title
LINFA PENG; YUJUN DENG; PEIYUN YI; XINMIN LAI: "Micro hot embossing of thermoplastic polymers: a review", JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING, INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS PUBLISHING, BRISTOL, GB, vol. 24, no. 1, 12 December 2013 (2013-12-12), GB , pages 13001, XP020255912, ISSN: 0960-1317, DOI: 10.1088/0960-1317/24/1/013001

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3999358A1 (fr) 2022-05-25
WO2021013679A1 (fr) 2021-01-28

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