Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
  • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
  • F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
  • F04D17/12—Multi-stage pumps
  • F04D17/122—Multi-stage pumps the individual rotor discs being, one for each stage, on a common shaft and axially spaced, e.g. conventional centrifugal multi- stage compressors
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
  • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
  • F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
  • F04D25/16—Combinations of two or more pumps ; Producing two or more separate gas flows
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
  • F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
  • F04D29/056—Bearings
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
  • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
  • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
  • F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
  • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
  • F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
  • F04D13/0606—Canned motor pumps
  • F04D13/0633—Details of the bearings
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
  • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
  • F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
  • F04D13/0646—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the hollow pump or motor shaft being the conduit for the working fluid
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
  • F04D13/12—Combinations of two or more pumps
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
  • F04D13/12—Combinations of two or more pumps
  • F04D13/14—Combinations of two or more pumps the pumps being all of centrifugal type
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
  • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
  • F04D17/16—Centrifugal pumps for displacing without appreciable compression
  • F04D17/162—Double suction pumps
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
  • F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
  • F04D29/043—Shafts
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
  • F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
  • F04D29/046—Bearings
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
  • F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
  • F04D29/046—Bearings
  • F04D29/047—Bearings hydrostatic; hydrodynamic
  • F04D29/0473—Bearings hydrostatic; hydrodynamic for radial pumps
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
  • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
  • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
  • F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
  • F04D29/4226—Fan casings
  • F04D29/424—Double entry casings

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a multi-stage turbomachine. It relates more particularly to the structure of such a machine.
• a turbomachine can comprise several compression stages or several expansion stages or alternatively at the same time one or more compression stage (s) associated with one or more expansion stage (s).
• compressor-turbine type machine also called a compander (word obtained from the English words compressor for compressor and expander for turbine or expander), in which there is one or more centrifugal compressor (s) ( s) and one or more turbine (s).
• s centrifugal compressor
• turbine turbine
• gearbox gearbox
• Such a machine makes it possible to obtain excellent performance for the treatment of fluids. It is modular and the same machine can work with one or more fluids: it is for example possible to recover the energy contained in a fluid to transmit it to another fluid.
• the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a multi-stage turbomachine which, like the companders, can treat different fluids - for example a gas and a liquid - which do not have all the aforementioned drawbacks.
• the new turbomachine will preferably have a more compact structure.
• This turbomachine for equivalent performance, will also be preferably lighter than a compander.
• this turbomachine will operate without oil.
• the present invention provides a multi-stage turbomachine comprising a central part having at least two bearings from which extends at least on one side a shaft guided by said bearings and on which are cantilevered two radial wheels.
• the two radial wheels are separated from one another by a watertight bulkhead, and each of the two radial wheels is mounted in its casing, each casing having a clean fluid inlet and a clean fluid outlet.
• This structure makes it possible to obtain a turbomachine comparable to a compander with four stages with a smaller footprint while allowing to work with several fluids (at least two fluids since at least two casings each have their own inlet and outlet, that is to say not common with another floor.
• the two radial wheels mounted on the same overhang are for example mounted back to back.
• One wheel is fed on one side and the other on the opposite side.
• the watertight partition may form a wall common to each of the two housings.
• the bulkhead advantageously has thermal insulation.
• a multi-stage turbomachine as described above is intended to be used in a thermodynamic process.
• the central part also includes an electric group chosen from all electric motors and electric generators.
• the casing corresponding to the distal wheel has a proximal part common with the casing of the proximal wheel and a distal part fixed to the casing of the proximal wheel.
• a multi-stage turbomachine as described above can comprise on either side of its central part a set of two radial wheels separated from each other by a watertight bulkhead , and for each set each of the radial wheels is mounted in its casing, each casing having a clean fluid inlet and a clean fluid outlet.
• FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-stage turbomachine
• FIG. 2 is a partial cross-section view on an enlarged scale of an alternative embodiment of the turbomachine of FIG. 1.
• FIG. 1 there is a turbomachine with four independent stages.
• An electric group 2 which can be a motor or a generator, is placed in the central position. It is crossed by a shaft 4 supported by bearings 6 and having overhanging shaft ends. Each end of the shaft has two radial wheels.
• the electrical group 2 is mounted in a housing 8.
• a magnet 10 is firetté on the shaft 4 and forms the rotor of the electrical group 2.
• a stator 12, separated from the rotor by an air gap and having windings, is mounted fixed in the box 8.
• a connection box 14 makes it possible to electrically connect the electrical group 2.
• the housing 8 is closed on each side by a cover 16 which incorporates a bearing 6 which is here a hydrodynamic bearing.
• the housing 8 incorporates an oil collector 18.
• seals 22 are provided inside each cover 16.
• the bearings 6 of the shaft 4 are thus integrated into the covers 16.
• the parts of the shaft 4 extending outside the housing 8 (or more precisely of its covers 16) are arranged in overhang relative to the support of this tree 4.
• a first compressor is mounted adjacent to the cover 16 situated on the right in FIG. 1.
• This compressor comprises a first compressor wheel 22 and a first compression body in several parts.
• the first compressor wheel 22 is mounted on the shaft 4 and driven by it.
• the fluid enters the first compressor wheel 22 in an axial direction (given by the axis of the shaft 4), from left to right in FIG. 1.
• the shaft 4 has a section of so-called polygonal shape at the level of the first compressor wheel 22.
• the section of the shaft 4 is here of triangular shape (with faces slightly convex and rounded tops).
• the first compression body guides the fluid supplying the first compressor wheel 22 upstream and downstream of the latter.
• a casing 24 has an inlet 24a which channels the fluid supplying the first compressor wheel 22 in a radial direction as well as an outlet 24b which guides the compressed fluid downstream of the first compressor wheel 22.
• the casing 24 is fixed to a support 26 mounted on the corresponding cover 16. This support 26 has an inner wall which also participates in guiding the fluid to lead it to the first compressor wheel 22.
• a sealing part 28 is disposed between the support 26 and the shaft 4 to seal the compressor. In the illustrated embodiment, the sealing piece 28 has a labyrinth on the side of the shaft 4.
• a deflector 30 provides the fluid guidance upstream of the first compressor wheel 22 and opposite it .
• a transverse wall 32 separates the first compressor from a second compressor.
• This second compressor has a second compressor wheel 34 as well as a compression body also in several pieces.
• the transverse wall 32 extends perpendicular to the axis of the shaft 4. It has an annular shape and houses in its center a sealing device 36. At this level, the shaft 4 also has a polygonal (triangular) section. To make the seal, a ring having an inner surface matching the polygonal shape of the shaft 4 and a circular cylindrical outer surface is placed around the shaft 4. The seal is then for example produced on said ring by a system sealing labyrinth.
• the transverse wall 32 has a face receiving the rear face of the first compressor wheel 22 and a face receiving the rear face of the second compressor wheel 34.
• the rear face of a wheel is its face of larger diameter.
• the two compressor wheels (first compressor wheel 22 and second compressor wheel 34) are thus mounted back-to-back.
• Each face of the transverse wall 32 has a housing for receiving the rear face of the wheel. corresponding compressor. Beyond this housing, each face of the transverse wall 32 forms a wall for the diffuser of the corresponding compressor.
• the casing 24 is configured on the rear side of the first compressor wheel 22 to receive the transverse wall 32. It has for this purpose a hollow housing, preferably with a shoulder 38, to receive the transverse wall 32.
• the housing at the bottom which takes place the transverse wall 32 is closed by a plate 40 carrying an inlet pipe 42 of fluid and an outlet pipe 44.
• the plate 40 is fixed on the casing 24.
• the inlet manifold 42 is positioned in the central position and it guides fluid towards the second compressor wheel 34 so that this fluid is oriented axially, pointing towards FIG. 1, for the second compressor wheel 34 on the right, from right to left.
• a guide 46 guides the fluid to the second compressor wheel 34 and in this wheel.
• the compressed fluid is guided by a diffuser 48 (and by the transverse plate 32).
• the second compressor wheel 34 is also mounted on a section of the shaft 4 having a polygonal section. Note, however, that the second compressor wheel 34 is mounted on a section of dimensions ("diameter") less than the section of the shaft 4 receiving the first compressor wheel 22.
• a screw 50 comes to fix the second compressor wheel 34 at the end of the shaft 4. By this fixing, the various elements arranged on the shaft 4 are secured by stacking, such as the sealing devices and the first compressor wheel 22.
• the two compression bodies are both nested one in the other, with common elements, and at the same time independent since two distinct fluid circuits are created.
• Figure 2 illustrates an alternative embodiment of Figure 1. It uses the references of Figure 1 to designate similar parts.
• a bearing which in this example is also a hydrodynamic bearing but which could be of any other type, “classic” with bearings or magnetic, air , .
• the compressor body corresponding to the first compressor wheel or proximal wheel is of suitable shape and has a housing for partially receiving the compressor body corresponding to the second compressor wheel.
• the cover 16 and the support 26 in FIG. 1 are both grouped in a single piece on which the casing 24 is mounted.
• the structure of the hydrodynamic bearing and of the seal is reviewed.
• the sealing part therefore has a different shape.
• the embodiment of Figure 2 corresponds for example to a turbomachine intended to work with two fluids at very different temperatures.
• the pressure in the second compression body in this other embodiment is relatively high. Therefore, the plate 40 closing this body and separating it from the outside is domed. The fluid supply is then adapted.
• the embodiments described above therefore have multi-stage turbomachines, said stages possibly being independent of each other.
• Figure 1 illustrates a four-stage machine which is symmetrical. This symmetry is only illustrative. There can be two distinct sets on either side of the central part of the machine.
• the turbomachine proposed here has a single shaft and no gearbox. It can thus have a limited footprint compared to a “compander” type machine described in the preamble. The number of bearings and seals to achieve is reduced compared to a "compander”.
• the turbomachine in its version proposed with four stages (one could have for example only two or three stages, that is to say two stages on one side and one or zero on the other) or on the contrary more floors.
• the proposed turbomachine may also include one or more expansion wheels (and not only compression stages). It then takes place in a thermodynamic installation. It can be a motor if a motor is arranged in the central part, or alternatively generator if a generator is provided in the central part. It can also be an exchange between fluids, one or more regulators then transmitting energy to one or more compressors via the central shaft. For a machine with four stages, one can thus have several configurations depending on whether one has compressors or expansion turbines (or “expanders"). We can thus have the following configurations with a motor:
• each time at least on one side of the central part, an assembly of two radial wheels, preferably mounted back-to-back, on the same overhang of a common shaft, a sealing device between the two radial wheels.
• the compression or expansion bodies corresponding to these two radial wheels are produced so that each can receive a different fluid.
• Each body thus has an inlet and an outlet for fluid and there are two completely separate circuits, the inlet and outlet of one body and the inlet and outlet of the other body.
• the radial wheels shown are mounted on the shaft by zones of the “polygon” type.
• other assemblies are possible: keys, teeth, Hirth type teeth, etc.
• the outermost wheel is preferably, but not necessarily, mounted on a smaller shaft section.
• An assembly on two identical sections can also be envisaged.
• the wheels are assembled using any means: support washers, sockets, labyrinth seal or other, ....
• the compression or expansion body corresponding to the outermost wheel, or distal wheel is preferably fixed to the body (compression or expansion) corresponding to the innermost wheel. Thermal insulation can be provided between the two bodies.
• the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and to the variants envisaged. It also relates to alternative embodiments within the reach of the skilled person within the scope of the claims below.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
• Supercharger (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=65494226

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Families Citing this family (2)

Family Cites Families (26)

• 2018
  • 2018-08-07 FR FR1857360A patent/FR3084919B1/fr active Active
• 2019
  • 2019-07-10 JP JP2021504241A patent/JP7394830B2/ja active Active
  • 2019-07-10 EP EP19737111.5A patent/EP3833872A1/fr active Pending
  • 2019-07-10 US US17/264,946 patent/US11982281B2/en active Active
  • 2019-07-10 KR KR1020217002796A patent/KR20210040054A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2019-07-10 CN CN201980047348.7A patent/CN112424477B/zh active Active
  • 2019-07-10 WO PCT/EP2019/068567 patent/WO2020030373A1/fr unknown

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