EP3715570A1 - Sliding door system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a sliding door system (1) comprising a door drive (9) with a traction means (3), in particular a belt, a rope or a chain, a sliding door drive with a movable carriage (5) for a sliding door element (6) which is connected to the Pulling means (3) coupled and, starting from a closed position, can be moved over a distance into at least one predetermined open position, and a locking device (10) for locking the door drive (9), the locking device (10) having at least one locking means (13) which can be moved back and forth between a release position and a locking position, with a locking section (14) of the locking means (13) in the locking position interacting with the traction means (3) in a non-positive and / or positive manner, so that the one coupled to the traction means (3) Trolley (5) is locked, the locking device (10) having a linear motor (20) for moving the Verri has regulating means (13) between the release position and the locking position.

Description

The invention relates to a sliding door system comprising a door drive with a traction means, in particular a belt, a rope or a chain, a sliding door drive with a movable carriage for a sliding door element, which is coupled to the traction means and, starting from a closed position, over a distance into at least one predetermined open position is movable, and a locking device for locking the door drive.

In such sliding door systems, the locking device is usually arranged on a pulley for the traction means. Such a deflection roller is typically arranged on one side of the door drive that is opposite a traction drive that drives the traction. For locking, the deflection roller is blocked by a locking element, for example by a toothed locking disc. Such locking devices typically require a relatively large amount of space. To control the traction drive and the locking device, it is necessary to lay cables on both sides of the door drive, which results in increased assembly costs.

Locking devices are also known in which the assembly effort is reduced in that a locking means is provided which can be moved back and forth between a release position and a locking position, and has a locking section which, in the locking position, is non-positively and / or positively connected to the traction means cooperates, so that the carriage coupled to the traction means is locked. The locking means of these locking devices is by means of a Solenoid moves. It has been found to be disadvantageous in these locking devices that the force of the lifting magnet decreases sharply with increasing stroke. In order to ensure secure locking, a relatively large lifting magnet is therefore required, which increases the dimensions of the locking device.

Against this background, the object of the invention is to enable the locking of a sliding door system with a locking device which requires less space and can be installed with reduced assembly effort.

To solve the problem, a sliding door system is proposed, comprising a door drive with a traction means, in particular a belt, a rope or a chain, a sliding door drive with a movable carriage for a sliding door element, which is coupled to the traction means and starting from a closed position over a distance in at least one predetermined open position can be moved, and
a locking device for locking the door drive, the locking device having at least one locking means which can be moved back and forth between a release position and a locking position, wherein a locking portion of the locking means in the locking position cooperates positively and / or positively with the traction means, so that the with the traction means coupled carriage is locked, wherein the locking device has a linear motor for moving the locking means between the release position and the locking position.

In the case of the sliding door system according to the invention, the door drive can be locked with the pulling means by direct interaction of the locking means, in particular the locking section of the locking means. It is therefore not necessary to arrange the locking means in the area of a pulley of the traction means. Rather, the locking device with the locking means can be installed at a position along the traction means that enables a reduction in the required electrical wiring and leads to a reduced installation effort. In addition, protruding locking means that interact with the deflection roller can be dispensed with. The linear motor can be made more compact than a lifting magnet and generate a greater force with the same deflection of the locking means. This reduces the installation space required for the locking device.

In the context of the invention, a linear motor is understood to mean an electric linear motor. The linear motor preferably comprises a translatorily, in particular linearly, movable runner. Advantageously, the rotor is movably mounted relative to a stator of the linear motor in such a way that an air gap between the stator and the rotor is constant. The magnetic field lines in the air gap preferably run perpendicular to a direction of movement of the rotor and / or to a direction of force in which a force that can be generated by the linear motor acts.

In the release position, the locking means preferably releases the pulling means so that the pulling means can be moved. To this extent, there is preferably no force and / or form fit between the locking means and the traction means in the release position. The traction means is preferably designed as an endless traction means. The traction device can be act as a belt, for example a flat belt, toothed belt or V-belt. Alternatively, the traction means can be designed as a chain or rope.

The locking device can for example be arranged in the area of a traction drive of the door drive for driving the traction. A control device of the door drive is preferably also arranged in the area of the traction drive, so that short cabling is made possible between the control device and the locking device or the traction drive.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the locking device has a stop for the traction means, the traction means being in contact with the stop when the locking means is in its locking position. It is thus possible for the traction means to be clamped in the locking position of the locking means between the locking means and the stop. The stop is preferably designed as part of a housing of the locking device, so that a particularly compact design can be made possible.

An advantageous embodiment provides that the locking means has a carrier element, with respect to which the locking section is movably mounted, the locking section being acted upon by a restoring force, in particular by a spring element. In particular, if there is a form fit between the locking section and the traction means in the locking position of the locking means, the movable mounting of the locking section can improve the engagement of form-fitting means of the locking section in Form-fitting means of the traction means are made possible. For example, the position of the form-fit means of the locking section designed as teeth can be adapted in such a way that they engage in recesses between teeth on the traction means. The restoring force can make it possible for the locking section to be automatically returned to an initial position when the lock is released. The locking section can preferably be moved parallel to a direction of movement of the traction means relative to the carrier element, so that the position of the locking section relative to the traction means can be changed along the direction of movement of the traction means. To guide the locking section, a guide element, for example a linear guide element, is preferably arranged on the carrier element. Alternatively, the locking section can be firmly connected to the carrier element so that it cannot be moved relative to the carrier element. In such a configuration, the locking section is preferably formed in one piece with the carrier element.

According to a preferred embodiment, the locking means for moving between the release position and the locking position is mounted so as to be linearly movable, in particular perpendicular to a direction of movement of the traction means. A linear movability of the locking means can reduce the risk of undesired jamming of the locking means with the traction means, especially when moving from the locking position to the release position when the traction means is acted upon by a force in its direction of movement.

An alternatively preferred embodiment provides that the locking means for moving between the release position and the locking position is mounted pivotably about a pivot axis.

In this context, it has proven to be advantageous if the locking means is dimensioned and arranged in such a way that a ratio of a distance between the locking section and the pivot axis to a distance between the traction means and the pivot axis is at least 3: 1, particularly preferably at least 4: 1 , is. This enables the locking element to move as vertically as possible when it is released from the traction means, i.e. when moving from the locking position to the release position, are made possible. This can reduce the risk of undesired jamming during a pivoting movement about the pivot axis.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the linear motor has a rotor which is coupled to the locking means by means of a link mechanism, the link mechanism comprising at least one guide slot and a control element guided in the guide slot. The locking means is preferably coupled to the runner via the link mechanism in such a way that a movement of the runner parallel to the direction of movement of the traction means results in a movement of the locking means perpendicular to the direction of movement of the traction means in a pivoting movement about the pivot axis.

In this context, it is preferred if the link mechanism comprises two, in particular identical, guide links and two control elements each guided in one of the guide links. By the Providing two guide links and corresponding control elements can reduce the risk of undesired tilting or tilting of the locking means with respect to the traction means. In addition, it is possible to transmit higher forces via the two control elements and guide slots than via a single control element guided in a single guide slot.

The at least one guide slot is preferably arranged on the locking means, in particular on the carrier element of the locking means, and the control element guided in the guide slot is arranged on the runner. This enables a compact arrangement. Alternatively, it can be provided that the guide link is provided on the runner and the control element is provided on the locking means.

An embodiment has proven to be advantageous in which the at least one guide link has a non-linear profile. A movement of the runner by a predetermined distance is then not uniformly converted into a movement of the locking means by the same distance. The non-linear course of the guide links is preferably selected in such a way that, starting from the release position of the locking means, a relatively small movement of the slide is initially converted into a relatively large movement of the locking means. In this way it can be achieved that the locking means quickly approaches a counterpart, for example a traction means of a sliding door system, when locking. This relatively steep course of the guide link can merge into a flatter course in the direction of the locking position, so that a movement of the slider in this area is smaller Movement of the locking means results. As a result, the actual locking can take place with greater force.

According to an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the linear motor has a stator core, with respect to which the rotor can be moved in a translatory manner, the stator core having three, preferably exactly three, stator teeth that are spaced apart in one direction of movement of the rotor, and the rotor preferably has two has exactly two permanent magnets with opposite directions of magnetization. In such a linear motor, the runner can be switched between two end positions for moving the locking means between the locking and the release position. The runner can lock into the two end positions and hold this lock position against a defined external force until it is switched over by energizing a coil of the stator and changes to the other end position. In this respect, such a linear motor has a bistable operation, the end positions of the rotor corresponding to the locking position and the release position of the locking means.

Fig. 1

eine Schiebetüranlage in einer schematischen Darstellung;

Fig. 2a

eine Verriegelungseinrichtung in einer perspektivischen Darstellung;

Fig. 2b

die Verriegelungseinrichtung nach Fig. 2a in einer perspektivischen Schnittdarstellung;

Fig. 2c

die Verriegelungseinrichtung nach Fig. 2a in einer Schnittdarstellung;

Fig. 3a

den Verriegelungsantrieb der Verriegelungseinrichtung nach Fig. 2a in einer perspektivischen Darstellung;

Fig. 3b

den Verriegelungsantrieb nach Fig. 3a ohne Gehäuse in einer perspektivischen Darstellung;

Fig. 3c

den Verriegelungsantrieb nach Fig. 3a in einer perspektivischen Schnittdarstellung;

Fig. 3d

den Verriegelungsantrieb nach Fig. 3a in einer Schnittdarstellung;

Fig. 3e

den Verriegelungsantrieb nach Fig. 3a in einer Seitenansicht;

Fig. 4a

den Stator des Verriegelungsantriebs nach Fig. 3a in einer perspektivischen Darstellung;

Fig. 4b

den Stator nach Fig. 4a in einer perspektivischen Schnittdarstellung;

Fig. 4c

den Stator nach Fig. 4a in einer ersten Seitenansicht;

Fig. 4d

den Stator nach Fig. 4a in einer zweiten Seitenansicht;

Fig. 5a

den Läufer des Verriegelungsantriebs nach Fig. 3a in einer perspektivischen Darstellung;

Fig. 5b

den Läufer nach Fig. 5a in einer perspektivischen Schnittdarstellung;

Fig. 5c

den Läufer nach Fig. 5a in einer gegenüber der Fig. 5a gedrehten perspektivischen Darstellung;

Fig. 6a

den Verriegelungsantrieb nach Fig. 3a in einer Schnittdarstellung, wobei eine erste Betriebsart-Feder eingesetzt ist;

Fig. 6b

den Verriegelungsantrieb nach Fig. 3a in einer Schnittdarstellung, wobei eine zweite Betriebsart-Feder eingesetzt ist;

Fig. 7a

die Verriegelungseinrichtung nach Fig. 2a in einer perspektivischen Darstellung mit entferntem Verriegelungsmittel;

Fig. 7b

die Verriegelungseinrichtung nach Fig. 7a in einer perspektivischen Schnittdarstellung;

Fig. 8a

die Verriegelungseinrichtung nach Fig. 2a in einer Draufsicht mit entferntem Gehäuseoberteil, wobei sich das Verriegelungsmittel in einer Freigabestellung befindet;

Fig. 8b

die Verriegelungseinrichtung nach Fig. 8a, wobei sich das Verriegelungsmittel in einer Verriegelungsstellung befindet;

Fig. 9a

die Verriegelungseinrichtung nach Fig. 8b in einer teilweisen Schnittdarstellung;

Fig. 9b

die Verriegelungseinrichtung nach Fig. 9a in einer teilweisen Schnittdarstellung, wobei die Stellung des Verriegelungsabschnitts gegenüber der Darstellung in Fig. 9a verändert ist;

Fig. 10a-f

verschiedene Darstellungen einer Verriegelungseinrichtung gemäß einem alternativen Ausführungsbeispiel;

Fig. 11a-c

verschiedene Darstellungen einer Verriegelungseinrichtung gemäß einem weiteren, alternativen Ausführungsbeispiel;

Fig. 12a

eine schematische Darstellung eines Zugmittels und eines Verriegelungsmittels in einer Freigabestellung;

Fig. 12b

eine schematische Darstellung eines Zugmittels und eines Verriegelungsmittels in einer Zwischenstellung zwischen der Freigabestellung und der Verriegelungsstellung, in der ein Formschluss nicht möglich ist;

Fig. 12c

eine schematische Darstellung eines Zugmittels und eines Verriegelungsmittels in einer Verriegelungsstellung;

Fig. 13

einen Stellungssensor in einer perspektivischen Darstellung;

Fig. 14

ein Ablaufdiagramm eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels eines Verfahrens zum Betrieb einer Schließanlage;

Fig. 15

ein Ablaufdiagramm eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels eines Verfahrens zum Betrieb einer Schließanlage;

Fig. 16

ein Ablaufdiagramm eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels eines Verfahrens zum Betrieb einer Schließanlage; und

Fig. 17

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Führungskulisse einer Kulissenmechanik.

Further advantages and details of the invention are to be explained below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings. Herein shows

Fig. 1

a sliding door system in a schematic representation;

Fig. 2a

a locking device in a perspective view;

Figure 2b

the locking device according to Fig. 2a in a perspective sectional view;

Figure 2c

the locking device according to Fig. 2a in a sectional view;

Fig. 3a

the locking drive of the locking device after Fig. 2a in a perspective view;

Figure 3b

the locking drive Fig. 3a without housing in a perspective view;

Figure 3c

the locking drive Fig. 3a in a perspective sectional view;

Fig. 3d

the locking drive Fig. 3a in a sectional view;

Figure 3e

the locking drive Fig. 3a in a side view;

Figure 4a

the stator of the locking drive Fig. 3a in a perspective view;

Figure 4b

the stator Figure 4a in a perspective sectional view;

Figure 4c

the stator Figure 4a in a first side view;

Figure 4d

the stator Figure 4a in a second side view;

Figure 5a

the slide of the locking drive Fig. 3a in a perspective view;

Figure 5b

after the runner Figure 5a in a perspective sectional view;

Figure 5c

after the runner Figure 5a in one opposite the Figure 5a rotated perspective view;

Figure 6a

the locking drive Fig. 3a in a sectional view, wherein a first operating mode spring is inserted;

Figure 6b

the locking drive Fig. 3a in a sectional view, wherein a second operating mode spring is inserted;

Figure 7a

the locking device according to Fig. 2a in a perspective view with the locking means removed;

Figure 7b

the locking device according to Figure 7a in a perspective sectional view;

Figure 8a

the locking device according to Fig. 2a in a plan view with the upper housing part removed, the locking means being in a release position;

Figure 8b

the locking device according to Figure 8a wherein the locking means is in a locking position;

Figure 9a

the locking device according to Figure 8b in a partial sectional view;

Figure 9b

the locking device according to Figure 9a in a partial sectional view, the position of the locking portion compared to the representation in Figure 9a is changed;

Figures 10a-f

various representations of a locking device according to an alternative embodiment;

Figures 11a-c

various representations of a locking device according to a further, alternative embodiment;

Figure 12a

a schematic representation of a traction means and a locking means in a release position;

Figure 12b

a schematic representation of a traction means and a locking means in an intermediate position between the release position and the locking position, in which a form fit is not possible;

Figure 12c

a schematic representation of a traction means and a locking means in a locking position;

Fig. 13

a position sensor in a perspective view;

Fig. 14

a flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for operating a locking system;

Fig. 15

a flowchart of a second embodiment of a method for operating a locking system;

Fig. 16

a flow chart of a third embodiment of a method for operating a locking system; and

Fig. 17

another embodiment of a guide link of a link mechanism.

In the Fig. 1 a sliding door system 1 is shown in a schematic representation. The sliding door system 1 comprises a sliding door element 6 and a door drive 9, via which the sliding door element 6 can be moved by a motor, for example between an in Fig. 1 shown closed position in which the sliding door element 6 is arranged in a door opening, and an open position in which the sliding door element 6 is at least partially arranged behind a wall element 7 and thereby releases the door opening. According to the exemplary embodiment, the door drive 9 is arranged above the sliding door element 6 of the sliding door system 1. However, it is also conceivable that the door drive 9 is alternatively arranged below the sliding door element 6, for example between the sliding door element 6 and a floor 8 or within the floor 8 below the sliding door element 6.

The door drive 9 of the sliding door system 1 comprises an electric motor 2 and a traction device 3. The traction device 3 is coupled to the electric motor 2, in particular to a machine shaft or a pinion of the electric motor 2, in such a way that the traction device 3 can be driven by the electric motor 2. The traction means 3 is designed as an endless traction means 3. According to the exemplary embodiment, the traction means 3 is a belt designed as a toothed belt. Alternatively, the traction means 3 can be designed as a rope or as a chain or as a flat belt or as a V-belt. The traction means 3 is guided around a deflection element 4, for example a deflection roller, a deflection wheel or a deflection pinion. The deflecting element 4 is arranged on one side of the door drive 9 which is opposite the electric motor 2.

Another element of the sliding door system is a sliding door drive with a movable carriage 5 for the sliding door element 6. The movable carriage 5 is coupled to the traction means 3 of the door drive 9 in such a way that the carriage 5 together with the sliding door element 6 starting from the in Fig. 1 shown closed position can be moved over a distance into at least one predetermined open position.

For the sliding door system according to Fig. 1 a locking device 10 is also provided for locking the door drive 9. The locking device 10 has a locking means which can be moved back and forth between a release position and a locking position. In the release position, the traction device 3 is released and can be driven by the electric motor 2. In the locking position, a locking section of the locking means is non-positively and / or positively connected to the traction means 3, so that the with the Traction means 3 coupled carriage 5 and thus also the sliding door element 6 is locked. It is not necessary to arrange the locking device 10 in the area of the electric motor 2 or in the area of the deflecting element 4, so that the locking device can be arranged at a freely selectable point along the traction means 3, for example - as in FIG Fig. 1 shown - next to the electric motor 2.

The representations in Fig. 2a , Figures 2b and 2c show a locking device 10, which in the sliding door system according to Fig. 1 Can be used. The locking device 10 comprises a housing 11, which has two traction means recesses 12.1, 12.2, in which the traction means 3, designed as a toothed belt, can be arranged. The locking section 14 of the movable locking means 13 protrudes from the housing 10 on an inner contour of a first traction means recess 12.1. In the in Fig. 2a The locking position shown here interacts with the traction means 3 in a non-positive and positive manner. The inner contour of the first traction means recess 12.1 opposite the locking section 14 forms a stop 16 for the traction means 3. In the locked position of the locking means 13, it presses the traction means 3 against the stop 16 so that the traction means 3 is in contact with the stop 16 .

The locking section 14 has a plurality of teeth, the outer contour of which is adapted to the outer contour of the teeth of the toothed belt. In the locking position, these teeth of the locking section 14 are in engagement with the teeth of the traction means 3. The representations in Figures 2a-c it can also be seen that the housing 11 has a multi-part structure. The multi-part housing 11 comprises a first housing part 11.1 which forms a first housing interior 11.4 in which a locking drive 20 is arranged. A second housing part 11.2 has a housing wall 17 which separates the first housing interior 11.4 from a second housing interior 11.5. In the second housing interior 11.5, which is enclosed by the second housing part 11.2 and the third housing part 11.3, a locking mechanism 30 is arranged, which includes the locking means 13, among other things.

The representations in Fig. 3a -e show details of the locking drive of the locking device 10. The locking drive is designed as a linear motor 20. The housing 11, in particular the first and second housing parts 11.1, 11.2 of the locking device 10 form a housing of the linear motor 20. The linear motor 20 also has a stator 21 arranged in the housing 11 and a rotor 24 which can be moved in translation with respect to the stator 21, which below on the basis of the representations in Fig. 4 and 5 explained.

As shown in the Figures 3a-e can be removed, the rotor 24 is movably supported by means of several, here exactly four, roller bearings 26 arranged on the stator 21 and / or on the housing 11. The rotor 24 can be moved in a direction parallel to the direction of movement B of the traction means 3 via the roller bearings 26, cf. Fig. 2a . The roller bearings 26 each have an inner bearing ring 26.1 and an outer bearing ring 26.2 which is rotatable with respect to the inner bearing ring 26.1 and rests on a rolling surface 24.1 of the rotor 24. The inner bearing ring 26.1 of the roller bearing 26 is each on a fastening element 27 attached, which is designed as an axis. In this respect, two roller bearings 26 are fastened to a common fastening element 27. The fastening elements 27 are arranged in a stator recess 21.1 in the stator 21 and in a housing recess 11.6 in the housing 11.

Based on the representations in Figure 4a -d details of the stator 21 of the linear motor 20 are to be explained below. The stator 21 comprises a stator core 22 which is designed as a laminated core. The laminated core is formed from a plurality of individual laminations which have an identical cross section, here an E-shaped cross section. The individual sheets are preferably made of a soft magnetic material, for example iron or steel. The individual sheets are preferably not insulated from one another. The stator core 22 forms a total of exactly three stator teeth 22.1, 22.2, which are arranged at a distance from one another in the direction of movement B of the rotor 24, that is to say also in the direction of movement B of the traction means 3. A first stator tooth 22.1 is arranged between two second stator teeth 22.2. Between the first stator tooth 22.1 and the two second stator teeth 22.2 a coil holder is formed in each case, in which the coil 22 of the stator 21 is received. The first stator tooth 22.1 has a first tooth width Z1 that is greater than a second tooth width Z2 of the second stator teeth 22.2. The two second stator teeth 22.2 each include a stator recess 21.2 in which one of the fastening elements 27 designed as axles is arranged. The recesses 21.1 are each designed as circular recesses in the laminated core of the stator core 22 or the individual laminations of the stator core 22. In addition, there is one at each of the free ends of the second stator teeth 22.2 Provided bevel, which is arranged on an edge of the respective second stator tooth 22.2, which faces the first stator tooth 22.1.

To manufacture the stator, the individual sheets of the stator core 22 can be slipped onto the fastening elements 27. In a further step of the manufacturing process, the roller bearings 26 can be applied to the free ends of the fastening elements 17. The assembly of the stator core 22, fastening elements 27 and roller bearings 26 can then be introduced into the housing 11, in particular into a stator receptacle of the housing 11. The coil 23 is preferably connected to the stator core 22 before it is introduced into the housing. Alternatively, the coil 23 can be connected to the stator core 22 after the stator core 22 has been introduced into the housing 11.

In Figure 5a -c the rotor 24 of the linear motor 20 is shown. The rotor 24 is plate-shaped and has an underside which, in the assembled state of the linear motor 20, faces the stator 22. The rotor 24 is preferably made of a soft magnetic material, for example iron or steel.

The one or more rolling surfaces 24.1 for the roller bearings 26 are provided on the underside, cf. Figure 5c . A plurality of permanent magnets 28, here precisely two, are also arranged on the underside of the rotor. The permanent magnets 28 are provided at a distance from one another in the direction of movement B of the rotor 24 or of the traction means 3 and have opposing directions of magnetization. The directions of magnetization of the two permanent magnets 28 are oriented perpendicular to the surface of the underside, that is, perpendicular to the rolling surfaces 24.1. Both permanent magnets 28 have one identical permanent magnet width PM. This permanent magnet width PM is selected such that a ratio of the permanent magnet width PM to the first tooth width Z1 is greater than 1, preferably greater than 1.1, particularly preferably greater than 1.2, for example 1.4. By mounting the rotor 24 by means of the roller bearings 26, it can be ensured that the permanent magnets 28 of the rotor 24 are separated from the stator core 22 by an air gap, cf. e.g. Fig. 3d .

On an upper side of the rotor 24 opposite the underside, two control elements 25 are provided which are designed as axes projecting perpendicularly from the rotor 24, cf. Figures 5a and 5b . The locking mechanism 30 of the locking device 10 is controlled via these control elements 25. A first guide roller bearing 41 and a second guide roller bearing 42 arranged above the first guide roller bearing are fastened to the control elements 25. In the case of the linear motor 20, the first guide roller bearing 41 is received in a guide opening 18 in the housing wall 17 designed as an elongated hole. The first guide roller bearing 41, in particular a bearing ring of the first guide roller bearing 41 that is rotatable with respect to the control element 25, can roll over an inner contour of the guide opening 18, cf. e.g. Figures 2b, 2c . In the assembled state of the locking device 10, the second guide roller bearing 42 of the control element interacts with the locking means 13. For this purpose, the second guide roller bearing 42 is received in a guide slot 19 of the locking means 13. A bearing ring of the second guide roller bearing 42 that is rotatable with respect to the control element 25 can roll on an inner contour of the guide slot 19, cf. e.g. Figures 2b, 2c .

The representations in Figures 6a and 6b each show a top view of the linear motor 20 of the locking device 10, in particular the top of the rotor 24 of the linear motor 20. The two illustrations show two end positions of the rotor 24, which correspond to the release position and the locking position of the locking means 13. If the runner 24 takes the in Figure 6a a first position shown, the locking means 13 coupled to the rotor 24 is in its locking position. If the runner 24 is in the in Figure 6b The second position shown, the locking means 13 is arranged in its release position. For switching the locking means 13 between the release position and the locking position, the linear motor 20 can latch stably in the end positions shown without spring force and can also hold this end position against a defined external force. By energizing the coil, you can switch between the two end positions. In this respect, the linear motor 20 enables bistable operation.

In comparison to a lifting or holding magnet, the linear motor 20 enables a larger stroke range of the rotor 24 with at the same time a large force over the stroke range. In this respect, the linear motor can perform a significantly higher mechanical work compared to a lifting or holding magnet with the same structural volume. Furthermore, the linear motor 20 has a lower energy requirement, since the coil 23 of the linear motor 20 only needs to be energized when switching between the two end positions of the rotor 24.

In order to enable the linear motor 20 to be operated in a preferred direction as an alternative to bistable operation, the rotor 24 has at least one connection area 24.2, 24.3 for an operating mode spring element 43, 44, via which the runner 24 can be preloaded into an end position. In the embodiment shown, two connection areas 24.2, 24.3 for such operating mode spring elements 43, 44 are provided on the rotor.

At a first connection area 24.2, as in Figure 6a shown, a first operating mode spring element 43 can be connected to enable a Falisecure operation. This first operating mode spring element 43 biases the runner 24 into a fail-safe end position, the runner 24 being coupled to the locking means 13 in such a way that the locking means 13 is arranged in its locking position in the fail-safe end position of the runner 24. For an alternative implementation of fail-safe operation, a second operating mode spring element 44 is connected to the second connection area 24.3. The second operating mode spring element 44 biases the rotor 24 into a fail-safe end position. The runner 24 is coupled to the locking means 13 in such a way that the locking means 13 is arranged in the fail-safe end position of the runner 24 in its release position.

The representations in Figures 7a and 7b show the locking device 10, the locking mechanism 30, in particular the locking means 13, the third housing part 11.3 and the traction means 13, for better visibility of the linear motor 20 not being shown. It can be seen that the two control elements 25 of the rotor 24 are arranged to run through two separate guide openings 18 in the housing wall 17. The respective first guide roller bearing 41 arranged on the control elements 25 can be unrolled on the inner contour of the respective guide opening 18. In the event of vandalism, ie if a force is exerted on the locking means 13 via the sliding door element 6, the guide openings 18 is exercised, absorb forces from the control elements 25 and introduce them into the housing 11, in particular the second housing part 11.2. As a result, the linear motor 20, in particular the rotor 24 of the linear motor 20 connected to the control elements 25, can be protected from damage.

The first housing part 11.1 forming the first housing interior 11.4 has walls which form a first stop for the rotor 24 of the linear motor 20 in a first end position and a second stop for the rotor 24 in a second end position.

Based on Figures 8a and 8b should subsequently the locking mechanism 30 of the in Fig. 2-7 locking device 10 shown are described in more detail. The locking mechanism 30 comprises a locking means 13 which between the in Figure 8a Approval position shown and the in Figure 8b locking position shown is movable back and forth. The locking means has a locking section 13 and a carrier element 15 carrying the locking section 14. In the locking position, the locking section 14 of the locking means 13 interacts with the traction means 3 in a non-positive and / or form-fitting manner and thus locks both the traction means 3 and the carriage 5 of the sliding door system 1 coupled to the traction means 3. In the release position, however, the locking section 14 is arranged at a distance from the traction means 3, so that the traction means and thus also the carriage 5 are released and can move along the direction of movement B. In the release position, there is therefore no form fit and / or force fit between the locking means 13 or section 14 and the traction means 13.

In the exemplary embodiment, the locking means 13 can be moved linearly between the locking position and the release position. For this purpose, the locking means 13 is mounted in a linearly movable manner in the second housing interior 11.5. The linear movement of the locking means 13 takes place in a locking direction V, which is arranged perpendicular to the movement direction B of the traction means 3. Furthermore, the locking means 13, in particular the carrier element 15, has two guide slotted links 19 which, together with the control elements 25 of the slider 24, form a slotted mechanism via which the locking means 13 starts moving as a result of a movement of the slider 24 parallel to the movement direction B of the traction means 3 Locking direction V is offset. The two guide links 19 are designed identically, so that undesired tilting of the locking element 13 can be prevented.

The guide links 19 have a non-linear course, so that a movement of the slider 24 parallel to the direction of movement B of the traction means 3 by a predetermined distance does not result in a movement of the locking means 13 perpendicular to the direction of movement B in all areas between the end positions of the slider the same distance is implemented. Rather, the non-linear course of the guide links is selected in such a way that, starting from the release position of the locking means 13, initially a relatively small movement of the slider 24 is converted into a relatively large movement of the locking means 13. In this respect, a steep course of the guide link 19 is selected. In this way it can be achieved that the locking means 13 rapidly approaches the traction means 3 during locking. This means that there is a large stroke ratio and a low force ratio in the area near the release position. This relatively steep course of the guide link goes in the direction of The locking position changes into a flatter course, so that a movement of the runner 24 results in a smaller movement of the locking means 13. In the area of the locking position, there is therefore a large force transmission and a low stroke transmission, so that the locking section 14 of the locking means 13 can engage with the traction means 3 with great force and lock it. Optionally, the guide link in the area of the locking position can have a course that is aligned parallel to the direction of movement of the traction means 3, so that there is an increased supporting effect against external forces acting on the traction means 3 or the locking means 13.

As in Figures 9a and 9b As can be seen, the locking section 14 of the locking means 13 is movably supported with respect to the carrier element 15. The locking section 14 is movably mounted parallel to the direction of movement B of the traction means 3 on the carrier element 15, preferably in a guide on the carrier element 15. Furthermore, a spring element 31 is provided which acts on the locking section 14 with a restoring force. According to the exemplary embodiment, the spring element 31 acts on the locking section 14 with a restoring force in the direction away from the closed position of the sliding door system 1. If the locking means 13 is brought in the direction of its locking position and the teeth of the locking section 14 are completely in engagement with the corresponding recesses between the teeth of the traction means 3, the locking section 14 can move together with the traction means 3 against the bias of the spring element 31 relative to move the carrier element 15. Thus, the locking means 3 can be brought into its locking position when the carriage 5 of the sliding door system 1 is in a pre-closed position in which the The closed position has not yet been fully reached, in particular with the sliding door system being slightly open. Starting from this pre-closed position, the traction means 3 can be moved in order to move the carriage 5 of the sliding door system 1 in the direction of the closed position, ie to completely close the sliding door system. The locking section 14 is moved against the restoring force of the spring element 31. The spring element 31 or locking section 14 and / or carrier element 15 are preferably dimensioned in such a way that the locking section can be moved at least by a travel distance with respect to the carrier element 15 which corresponds to a distance between two adjacent teeth of the traction means 3 (tooth pitch). When the locking means 13 is moved from the locking position in the direction of the release position, the locking section 14 can then be moved back into its starting position by the spring element 31.

The representations in Figure 10a -f show a locking device 10 according to an alternative embodiment, which is also suitable for the sliding door system 1 according to Fig. 1 to be used. The locking device 10 according to this alternative embodiment essentially corresponds to the locking device according to the first embodiment, which is why reference is made to the above description of the first embodiment. In contrast to the first exemplary embodiment, in the locking device 10 according to the alternative exemplary embodiment, the locking means 13 is mounted pivotably about a pivot axis S for moving between the release position and the locking position. The Figures 10c and 10d show the locking device 10 with the locking means 13 in the release position. In the representations after Figure 10e and 10f the locking means 13 is in the locking position. In addition, the locking means 13, or the carrier element 15 of the locking means 13, only has exactly one guide slot 19. Correspondingly, according to this alternative exemplary embodiment, only one control element 25 is provided on the rotor 24 of the linear motor 20, which is in engagement with the one guide slot 19 in order to pivot the locking means 13.

The locking means 13 is dimensioned and arranged according to this alternative embodiment such that a ratio of the distance D1 between the locking section 14 and the pivot axis S to the distance D2 between the traction means 3 and the pivot axis S is at least 3: 1, particularly preferably at least 4: 1 , is.

Another alternative embodiment of a locking device 10 is shown in FIG Figure 11a -c shown. The locking device 10 according to this exemplary embodiment corresponds essentially to the locking device according to FIG Fig. 10 , wherein in contrast to the locking device according to Fig. 10 two guide links 19 and two control elements 25 are provided.

In the following, based on the representations in Fig. 12-17 details of the operation of a sliding door system 1 described above, which has a door drive 9 with a traction means 3 designed as a toothed belt, which interacts with the traction means 3 in a form-fitting manner in the locking position. In this sliding door system 1, it is necessary that the form-fit elements, here teeth, of the locking means 13 and the traction means 3 on one another are aligned in order to achieve a form fit between locking means 13 and traction means.

As shown in Figure 12a a locking means 13 is shown in a release position in which the locking means 13 is arranged at a distance from the traction means 3. The locking means 13 according to this exemplary embodiment has a locking section 14 which is formed in one piece with the carrier element 15. The distance between adjacent teeth of the traction device 3 is referred to as the tooth pitch T below.

The representation in Figure 12b shows the case that the locking means 13 from the in Figure 12a The release position shown is moved along the locking direction V and the traction means 3 is in the position according to Figure 12a is located so that an engagement of the locking section 14, in particular the teeth of the locking section 14, in the recesses between the teeth of the traction means 3 is not possible. A form fit between the locking means 13 and the traction means 3 cannot be achieved in this position of the traction means 3.

In the representation in Figure 12c a locking position of the traction means 3 is shown, in which the teeth of the traction means 3 are aligned with the teeth of the locking means 13 in such a way that they can be moved along the locking direction V into the recesses between the teeth of the traction means 3. A form fit between locking means 13 and traction means 3 is achieved.

The representation in Fig. 13 shows an embodiment of a locking device 10, which has a position sensor 50 for Detecting a position of the locking means 13. To detect the position of the locking means 13, the position sensor 50 detects the position of the rotor 24 of the linear motor 20. In this respect, the position of the locking means 13 is indirectly detected. A first detection area 53 of the position sensor 50 is permanently connected to the runner 24 and moves with the runner 24 in its movement along a direction parallel to the direction of movement of the traction means 3. The position sensor 50 further comprises a first detector 51 for detecting the runner 24 in a first position or first end position and a second detector 52 for detecting the runner 24 in a second position or second end position. The first position of the slider 24 corresponds to the locking position of the locking means 13 and the second position of the slider 24 corresponds to the release position of the locking means 13. The detectors 51, 52 are arranged at a distance from one another and are fixedly connected to the housing 11 of the locking device 10, so that the first Detection area 53 is moved between the two detectors 51, 52 when the rotor 24 moves between its end positions.

The first and the second detector 51, 52 are preferably designed as detection contacts. Alternatively, it can be provided that the detectors 51, 52 are designed as light barriers.

According to the in Fig. 13 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the position sensor 50 has a second detection area 54 which is permanently connected to the rotor 24. The second detection area 54 is arranged on the runner 24 in such a way that in the first position of the runner 24, which corresponds to the locking position of the locking means 13, it is connected to a switch (not shown in the drawings), in particular Microswitch interacts. The switch is preferably a switch which does not require a power supply for operation, so that the locking position of the locking means 13 can be detected by means of the second detection area 54 and the switch even in the event of a power failure.

In the Fig. 14 a flowchart of a method for operating a sliding door system 1 is shown, in which a locking reference position of the traction means 3 is determined and stored. In an initial step 101, the sliding door element 6 is in its closed position. In a pressing step 102, the sliding door element 6 is pressed in the direction of its closed position, in particular with a predetermined pressing force. In a subsequent triggering step 103, a locking command for moving the locking means 13 into the locking position is then transmitted to the locking device 10. The linear motor 20 is then actuated so that the rotor 24 of the linear motor 20 moves from its one end position to its other end position and thereby moves the locking means 13 from the release position in the direction of its locking position.

In a detection step 104 following the triggering step 103, the position of the locking means 13 is detected by means of a position sensor of the locking device 10. If it is determined that the locking means is not in its in Figure 12c The locking position shown is located, the traction means 3 is moved in a movement step 110 following the detection step 104 by a predetermined path length with respect to the locking means 13. In a first sub-step 107 of the movement step 110, a target position of the traction means 13 is set which deviates from the current actual position of the traction means 3 by the specified distance. The The predetermined path length is selected to be smaller than the tooth pitch T. In a second sub-step 108, the traction means 3 is moved into the desired position. In a third sub-step 109, a displacement encoder of the electric motor 2 of the door drive 9 is used to check whether the target position has been reached. If the target position is not reached, the traction means 3 is moved in the direction of the target position until it is reached.

After the movement step 110, the triggering step 103 and the detection step 104 are repeated until it has been detected in the detection step 104 that the locking means 13 is in the locking position. Then, in a storage step 105, the position of the traction means 3 is stored as the locking reference position. This locking reference position can then be used to calculate further locking positions of the traction means 3. In the final state 106, the door drive 9 of the locking system 1 is locked.

The representation in Fig. 15 shows a flow chart of a method for operating a sliding door system 1, in which the door drive 9 is locked in a further locking position of the traction means 3. This further locking position is not identical to the locking reference position of the traction means 3. In an initial step 201, the door drive receives a movement command to move the sliding door element 6 or the traction means 3 into a predetermined target position. In a calculation step 202, a further locking position is then calculated as a function of the stored locking reference position, which is as close as possible to the specified target position. In a further movement step 203, the traction means 3 is then moved in the direction of this further locking position. Here, the traction means 3 is in a first substep 204 in the direction of Lock position moved. In a second sub-step 205, the displacement encoder of the electric motor 2 is used to check whether a predetermined distance from the locking position is not reached. If the predetermined distance to the locking position is not exceeded, the traction means 3 is moved in the direction of the locking position until this is the case.

After the movement step 203, a locking command for moving the locking means 13 into the locking position is transmitted to the locking device 10 in a triggering step 206 while the traction means 3 is in motion. In a detection step 207 following the triggering step 206, the position of the locking means 13 is detected by means of the position sensor 50 of the locking device 10. If it is determined that the locking means is not in its in Figure 12c The locking position shown is located, the traction means 3 is moved in a movement step 213 following the detection step 207 by a predetermined distance with respect to the locking means 13. In a first sub-step 209 of movement step 213, a target position of the traction means 13 is set, which deviates from the current actual position of the traction means 3 by the predetermined distance. The predetermined path length is selected to be smaller than the tooth pitch T. In a second sub-step 210, the traction means 3 is moved into the desired position. In a third sub-step 211, a displacement sensor of the electric motor 2 of the door drive 9 is used to check whether the target position has been reached. If the target position is not reached, the traction means 3 is moved in the direction of the target position until it is reached.

After the movement step 213, the triggering step 206 and the detection step 207 are repeated until in the detection step 207 it has been detected that the locking means 13 is in the locking position (end state 208).

The representation in Fig. 16 shows a flow chart of an alternative method for operating a sliding door system 1, in which the door drive 9 is locked in a further locking position of the traction mechanism 3. In an initial step 301, the door drive receives a movement command for moving the sliding door element 6 or the traction means 3 into a predetermined target position. In a calculation step 302, a further locking position is then calculated as a function of the stored locking reference position, which is as close as possible to the predetermined target position. In a further movement step 303, the traction means 3 is then moved in the direction of this further locking position. Here, the traction means 3 is moved in a first partial step 304 in the direction of the locking position. In a second sub-step 305, the displacement encoder of the electric motor 2 is used to check whether the locking position has been reached. If the locking position is not reached, the traction means 3 is moved in the direction of the locking position until it is reached.

After the movement step 303, a locking command for moving the locking means 13 into the locking position is transmitted to the locking device 10 in a triggering step 306. In a detection step 207 following the triggering step 306, the position of the locking means 13 is detected by means of the position sensor 50 of the locking device 10. If it is determined that the locking means is not in its in Figure 12c Locked position shown is located, the traction means 3 is in a the detection step 307 subsequent movement step 313 by one predetermined path length relative to the locking means 13 is moved. In a first sub-step 309 of movement step 313, a target position of the traction means 13 is set which deviates from the current actual position of the traction means 3 by the specified distance. The predetermined path length is selected to be smaller than the tooth pitch T. In a second sub-step 310, the traction means 3 is moved into the desired position. In a third sub-step 311, a displacement encoder of the electric motor 2 of the door drive 9 is used to check whether the target position has been reached. If the target position is not reached, the traction means 3 is moved in the direction of the target position until it is reached.

After the movement step 313, the triggering step 306 and the detection step 307 are repeated until it has been detected in the detection step 307 that the locking means 13 is in the locking position (end state 308).

In the Fig. 17 Another embodiment of a guide slot 19 of a slot mechanism is shown, which can be used in the invention. The guide slot 19 can be provided in the locking means 13. The guide slot 19 is designed as an elongated hole with a curved course. The radius of the bend in the course is denoted by the reference symbol F. The representation in Fig. 17 shows the control element 25 'on the left in a position in which it is when the locking means 13 is in its release position. Furthermore, the control element 25 ″ is shown on the right in a position in which it is when the locking means 13 is in its locking position. The stroke path is denoted by the reference symbol E, the travel path parallel to the direction of movement B of the traction element 3 is denoted by the reference symbol G. D is the lifting angle, in order to prevent the locking means 13 from slipping out of its locked position in an undesired manner To make the action of force more difficult, for example by vandalism, the guide slot 19, in particular in its area facing the locking section 14, has an angle C. The angle C forms a surface which is inclined to the direction of movement B of the traction means 3 and inclined to the locking direction V and which interacts with the control element 25 ″ in the locking position Fig. 17 it can be seen that due to the angle C there is a force in a direction H which forms an acute angle with the locking direction V. This makes it difficult for the locking means 13 to be pushed out of the locking position.

List of reference symbols

1

Sliding door system

2

Electric motor

3

Traction means

4th

Deflection element

5

Carriage

6

Sliding door element

7th

Wall element

8th

ground

9

Door drive

10

Locking device

11

casing

11.1

Housing part

11.2

Housing part

11.3

Housing part

11.4

Housing interior

11.5

Housing interior

11.6

Housing recess

12.1

Traction means recess

12.2

Traction means recess

13

Locking means

14th

Locking section

15th

Support element

16

attack

17th

Housing wall

18th

Guide opening

19th

Leadership backdrop

20th

Locking drive, linear motor

21st

stator

21.1

Stator recess

22nd

Stator core

22.1

Stator tooth

22.2

Stator tooth

23

Kitchen sink

24

runner

24.1

Rolling surface

24.2

Connection area

24.3

Connection area

25th

Control

25 '

Control

25 "

Control

26th

roller bearing

26.1

Bearing ring

26.2

Bearing ring

27

Fastener

28

Permanent magnet

30th

Locking mechanism

31

Spring element

41

Guide roller bearings

42

Guide roller bearings

43

Operating mode spring element

44

Operating mode spring element

50

Position sensor

51

detector

52

detector

53

Detection area

54

Detection area

101

Initial step

102

Pressing step

103

Release step

104

Detection step

105

Storage step

106

Final state

107

Partial step

108

Partial step

109

Partial step

110

Movement step

201

Initial step

202

Calculation step

203

Movement step

204

Partial step

205

Partial step

206

Release step

207

Detection step

208

Final state

209

Partial step

210

Partial step

211

Partial step

213

Movement step

301

Initial step

302

Calculation step

303

Movement step

304

Partial step

305

Partial step

306

Release step

307

Detection step

308

Final state

309

Partial step

310

Partial step

311

Partial step

313

Movement step

B.

Direction of movement

C.

angle

D.

Lifting angle

D1

distance

D2

distance

E.

Stroke

F.

radius

G

Travel

H

force

PM

Permanent magnet width

T

Tooth pitch

Z1

Face width

Z2

Face width

V

Locking direction

Claims (11)

Sliding door system (1) comprising a door drive (9) with a traction means (3), in particular a belt, a rope or a chain, a sliding door drive with a movable carriage (5) for a sliding door element (6) which is connected to the traction means (3) coupled and, starting from a closed position, can be moved over a distance into at least one predetermined open position, and a locking device (10) for locking the door drive (9),
wherein the locking device (10) has at least one locking means (13) which can be moved back and forth between a release position and a locking position, wherein a locking section (14) of the locking means (13) in the locking position non-positively and / or positively with the traction means (3) cooperates so that the carriage (5) coupled to the traction means (3) is locked,
characterized in that
the locking device (10) has a linear motor (20) for moving the locking means (13) between the release position and the locking position. Sliding door system according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the locking device (10) has a stop (16) for the traction means (3), the traction means (3) being in contact with the stop (16) when the locking means (3) is in its locking position. Sliding door system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the locking means (13) has a carrier element (15), with respect to which the locking section (14) is movably mounted, in particular parallel to a direction of movement (B) of the traction means (3), the locking section (14), in particular by a spring element ( 31), is acted upon by a restoring force. Sliding door system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the locking means (13) for moving between the release position and the locking position is mounted so as to be linearly movable, in particular perpendicular to a direction of movement (B) of the traction means (3). Sliding door system according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that
that the locking means (13) for moving between the release position and the locking position is mounted pivotably about a pivot axis (S). Sliding door system according to claim 5,
characterized,
that the locking means (13) is dimensioned and arranged such that a ratio of a distance (D1) between the locking section (14) and the pivot axis (S) to a distance (D2) between the traction means (3) and the Pivot axis (S) is at least 3: 1, particularly preferably at least 4: 1. Sliding door system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the linear motor (20) has a rotor (24) which is coupled to the locking means (13) by means of a link mechanism, the link mechanism comprising at least one guide slot (19) and a control element (25) guided in the guide slot (19). Sliding door system according to claim 7,
characterized in that
the link mechanism comprises two, in particular identical, guide links (19) and two control elements (25) each guided in one of the guide links (19). Sliding door system according to one of claims 7 or 8,
characterized in that
the at least one guide slot (19) is arranged on the locking means (13), in particular on the carrier element (15) of the locking means (13), and the control element (25) guided in the guide slot (19) is arranged on the runner (24). Sliding door system according to one of Claims 7 to 9,
characterized in that
the at least one guide slot (19) has a non-linear profile. Sliding door system according to one of Claims 7 to 10,
characterized,
that the linear motor (20) has a stator core (22), with respect to which the rotor (24) can be moved translationally, the stator core (22) having three, preferably exactly three, stator teeth (22.1, 22.2) which extend in a direction of movement (B ) of the rotor (24) are spaced from one another, and the rotor (24) has two, preferably exactly two, permanent magnets (28) with opposite directions of magnetization.

Images