EP3713009A1 - Hollow conductor assembly, waveguide system and use of a hollow conductor assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a waveguide arrangement (1) comprising a waveguide body (2) with a first opening (3) extending from a first end (2.1) of the waveguide body (2) to a second end (2.2) of the waveguide body (2) for formation a first waveguide (4). According to the invention it is provided that an end face (7) formed at the second end (2.2) of the waveguide body (2) has at least one damping means (8, 9, 10, 21) which is designed to prevent the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the end face ( 7) suppress.

Description

The invention relates to a waveguide arrangement having a waveguide body according to the preamble of claim 1.

The invention also relates to a waveguide system comprising a waveguide arrangement and a first waveguide arrangement with a waveguide body, according to the preamble of claim 9.

The invention also relates to a use of a waveguide arrangement.

According to the current state of the art, wired data transmission can essentially be divided into two different technologies. On the one hand, data transmission by means of metallic conductors and, on the other hand, optical data transmission by means of glass fibers are known.

Signal transmission via conventional electrical conductors, such as copper conductors in electrical cables, is known to be subject to strong signal attenuation at high frequencies. Thus, especially when high demands are placed on the transmission bandwidth, a lot of effort has to be made to achieve the specifications - if at all possible.

Optical data transmission, on the other hand, is extremely low-loss and possible at high data rates. Optical data transmission, however, always requires a conversion of electrical signals into optical signals and vice versa, which makes complex transmission and reception structures necessary for this type of signal transmission.

In addition to the two conventional data transmission technologies, there is increasing interest in a technology that tries to establish itself as an alternative. The present invention relates to data transmission via so-called electromagnetic waveguides, in particular waveguides.

Such waveguides are already well known in electrical engineering, in particular in communications engineering or high-frequency engineering. With this technology, the electrical signal is modulated onto a carrier frequency, in particular in the millimeter wave range (for example 80 GHz), and transmitted as an electromagnetic wave along the waveguide. The In contrast to an optical process, the process does not require electro-optical conversion. Compared to metallic waveguides, the concept has the advantage of being able to transmit very high data rates. Accordingly, waveguides can be used advantageously when high demands are placed on the transmission bandwidth and / or the transmission distance of wired communication.

Although signal transmission via a waveguide is fundamentally advantageous, it has been shown in practice that at waveguide transitions, i.e. at the connection points of the waveguide to an antenna arrangement or another waveguide, for example, there is sometimes interference at its end face and due to a non-ideal transfer of a electromagnetic wave can lead to electromagnetic radiation. In this way, for example, adjacent signal lines, in particular adjacent further waveguides and electronic systems arranged in the vicinity, can be disturbed.

The present invention is based on the object of providing an improved waveguide arrangement in which the undesired propagation of electromagnetic waves can be avoided or at least suppressed.

The present invention is also based on the object of providing an improved waveguide system in which, in particular, undesired emission of electromagnetic waves at a waveguide junction can be avoided or at least suppressed.

The invention is also based on the object of providing an advantageous use of a waveguide arrangement.

The object is achieved for the waveguide arrangement by the features of claim 1, for the waveguide system by the features of claim 9 and for use by the features of claim 15.

The dependent claims and the features described below relate to advantageous embodiments and variants of the invention.

According to the invention, a waveguide arrangement is provided, comprising a waveguide body with a first opening extending from a first end of the waveguide body to a second end of the waveguide body to form a first waveguide.

A waveguide in the sense of the present invention is particularly suitable for transmitting an electromagnetic wave along its longitudinal axis or central axis.

An electromagnetic wave in the context of the invention means an electromagnetic wave that does not lie within the light spectrum used for optical signal transmission.

The invention is particularly suitable for the transmission of an electromagnetic wave in the millimeter range (30 GHz to 300 GHz) and submillimeter range (300 GHz to 3 THz).

A direction of transmission of the electromagnetic wave is not important in the context of the invention. The electromagnetic wave can thus, for example, be transmitted from the first end of the waveguide body to the second end of the waveguide body - or vice versa. A bidirectional and / or dual-polar transmission is also possible within the scope of the invention. Insofar as reference is made below to a specific direction of transmission of the electromagnetic wave or to a certain type of transmission (e.g. type of polarization) of the electromagnetic wave, this should only be added to the simplified description of the invention and should not be understood as restrictive.

A waveguide is usually a tubular structure with a mostly rectangular, circular or elliptical cross section. In the present case, the first waveguide (and the further waveguides described below) are formed by means of the opening or a recess in the waveguide body.

The waveguide body is preferably a solid body.

According to the invention, an end face formed on the second end of the waveguide body has at least one damping means which is designed to suppress the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the end face.

In particular, by suppressing the propagation of the electromagnetic wave on the end face of the waveguide body, radiation of the electromagnetic wave, for example starting from the first waveguide, can be suppressed. Finally, the crosstalk of signals between different transmission channels of the waveguide arrangement (for example further waveguides of the waveguide body) can advantageously be prevented or at least reduced.

In the context of the invention, the term “suppress” is to be understood as a reduction in the propagation of the electromagnetic waves up to a complete avoidance of their propagation.

According to the invention, a signal decoupling for waveguides, in particular for waveguide bundles, can be provided.

Any number of damping means can be provided. For example, only a single damping means can be provided. However, two damping means, three damping means, four damping means, five damping means, six damping means or even more damping means can be provided in order to suppress the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the end face.

The damping means can in particular be designed to design the surface structure of the end face in such a way that it has damping properties.

The at least one damping means is preferably designed and arranged to suppress the propagation of electromagnetic waves by destructive interference and / or by lengthening / influencing the path for propagation of the electromagnetic wave along the surface.

According to the invention, several signal transmission channels lying next to one another can be used within a waveguide arrangement or within a waveguide system described below without having to accept crosstalk between the individual channels.

In a particularly preferred development of the invention it can be provided that an outer surface formed on the first end of the waveguide body has at least one damping means that is designed to suppress the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the outer surface.

The outer surface is preferably the surface of the waveguide body facing away from the end face.

It can thus be provided that a surface adjoining the first end of the waveguide body also has at least one damping means which is designed to suppress the propagation of electromagnetic waves on this surface as well.

This embodiment of the invention has been found to be particularly advantageous, since in particular crosstalk between several channels, as described in more detail below, can be suppressed even more if the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the end face and on the outer surface are suppressed equally.

Insofar as reference is made above and below to the at least one damping means, these explanations are to be understood as referring to damping means of the end face and / or to damping means of the outer surface.

In principle, further surfaces of the jacket of the waveguide body can also have damping means according to the invention, for example also the side surfaces. At least the end face formed at the second end has the at least one damping means. Insofar as reference is made below only to the end face formed on the second end, this is only to be added to the simplified description of the invention and is not to be understood as restrictive. The features mentioned can optionally also be transferred to the outer surface adjoining the first end and / or to one, two, three or four side surfaces of the waveguide body.

In a further development of the invention, it can be provided that the waveguide body has a second opening extending from the first end of the waveguide body to the second end of the waveguide body for the formation of a second waveguide.

It can also be provided that the waveguide body also forms further waveguides in addition to the second waveguide, for example a third waveguide, a fourth waveguide, a fifth waveguide or even more waveguides. For a simplified understanding, the invention is described below essentially with two waveguides, but this is not to be understood as limiting. In particular, if reference is made to a second waveguide in the context of the description and the claims, the person skilled in the art can easily expand the respective further development within the scope of the claimed invention to include further waveguides.

It can also be provided that the waveguide arrangement, in particular the waveguide body, has further waveguides of any type in addition to the first waveguide, that is to say for example also dielectric waveguides. The waveguide arrangement can thus, for example, have the first waveguide and one or more dielectric waveguides.

It can also be provided that the waveguide arrangement, in particular the waveguide body, has one or more conventional electrical signal lines in addition to the first waveguide having. The waveguide arrangement can thus, for example, have the first waveguide and one or more signal conductors.

In particular if the waveguide arrangement has further waveguides, waveguides of any type and / or electrical conductors in addition to the first waveguide, the respective data transmission can be improved according to the invention, since the at least one damping means reduces the propagation and thus the radiation of electromagnetic waves on the end face (and optionally also on the outer surface or on other surfaces) of the waveguide body and thus able to avoid or at least reduce crosstalk between the channels.

The surface structure between the first waveguide and the second or further waveguides can preferably be designed by the damping means according to the invention in such a way that the undesired propagation of electromagnetic waves between the waveguides is damped.

According to the invention, for example, a decoupling of 60 dB and more can be provided due to the attenuation by the at least one damping means between the first waveguide and further waveguides, other waveguides or electrical conductors.

In a further development it can be provided that the at least one damping means is designed and arranged to suppress the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the end face (and optionally also on the outer surface or on other surfaces), starting from the first waveguide to the second waveguide .

In principle, it can be advantageous to completely suppress the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the end face or on the outer surface. In order to reduce crosstalk of signals, however, it can already be sufficient to suppress, in particular, the propagation of the electromagnetic waves starting from the first waveguide to further waveguides, other waveguides or electromagnetic lines.

The requirements and thus also the manufacturing cost of the waveguide arrangement can possibly be reduced if the propagation of the electromagnetic waves does not have to be suppressed over the entire end face or outer surface.

In one embodiment of the invention it can be provided in particular that the waveguide body is formed from an electrically conductive solid body, preferably is formed from a metal.

The electrically conductive solid is preferably an electron conductor, but it can also be an ion conductor.

The waveguide body can also be made from a conductive polymer, that is to say from a plastic with electrical conductivity. The waveguide body can also be formed from a conductive ceramic, for example from silicon carbide or boron carbide.

In one embodiment of the invention it can be provided that the first opening and / or the second opening (and / or any further openings which may be present for forming further waveguides) have a round cross section.

In particular, a round waveguide formed by a round opening, for example a hole, can enable advantageous waveguide transmission, for example also dual-polar waveguide transmission.

In principle, however, it can also be provided that the first opening and / or the second opening (and / or any further openings which may be present for forming further waveguides) have a rectangular, elliptical or other cross section. The type of cross-section of the opening does not necessarily matter within the scope of the invention.

It can also be provided that the first opening, the second opening and any further openings that may be present have different cross-sections (in particular with regard to diameter and / or geometric shape).

In a further development of the invention it can be provided that the at least one damping means is designed and arranged to prevent the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the end face (and optionally also on the outer surface or on other surfaces) starting from the first opening and / or from the second To suppress breakthroughs (and / or possibly existing further breakthroughs for the formation of further waveguides) completely or at least in a circle starting from the first breakthrough and / or from the second breakthrough (and / or possibly existing further breakthroughs for the formation of further waveguides).

Influencing the electromagnetic waves, in particular as close as possible to their point of exit, that is to say, for example, adjacent to the first waveguide or the second waveguide, can suppress radiation particularly effectively.

In a further development of the invention it can be provided in particular that the at least one damping means is arranged partially or completely in a ring around the first opening and / or is arranged between the first opening and the second opening and / or partially or completely in a ring around the second Breakthrough is arranged.

Preferably, at least one damping means is arranged around all openings extending through the waveguide body to form waveguides, in particular completely circumferentially in a ring.

In a development of the invention it can preferably be provided that at least one of the damping means is designed as a recess in the end face and / or in the outer surface, in particular as a groove or groove.

The recesses, in particular the grooves or grooves, can preferably be round. However, it can also be provided that the depressions are rectangular, elliptical or shaped in some other way.

In an alternative or additional development, it can be provided that at least one of the damping means is designed as an elevation on the end face and / or on the outer surface, in particular as a wall, sleeve or web.

The elevation can in particular be a metallic plate that runs between two waveguides, for example between the first waveguide and the second waveguide.

The elevation is preferably formed in one piece with the waveguide body, but can also be formed from a separate component and electrically conductively connected to the waveguide body. In a two-part design, for. B. be provided that the material from which the at least one damping means is formed, corresponds to the material of the waveguide body. However, another material can also be provided for forming the damping means, preferably a material with an electrical conductivity which corresponds to that of the material of the damping means or is increased with respect to the conductivity of the material of the damping means.

Mixed forms are also possible. It can be provided, for example, that a first damping means is designed as a depression and a second damping means is designed as an elevation.

In one embodiment of the invention, it can in particular be provided that a first damping means is designed as a first annular groove in the end face and / or in the outer face that runs concentrically around one of the openings.

In one embodiment, it can be provided that the ratio of the depth of the first annular groove to the diameter of the corresponding opening is 0.2 to 0.6, preferably 0.3 to 0.5 and particularly preferably about 0.4, and / or that The ratio of the width of the first annular groove to the diameter of the corresponding opening is 0.05 to 0.25, preferably 0.1 to 0.2 and particularly preferably about 0.15, and / or the ratio of the radial distance of the first annular groove from the The corresponding opening to the diameter of the corresponding opening is 0.05 to 1, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 and particularly preferably about 0.12.

The dimensioning of the damping means, in particular the coordination of depths and distances between several damping means, can influence the effectiveness of the invention. The person skilled in the art can select the dimensions in particular within the scope of the above information and preferably as a function of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted. As is known, the diameter of a waveguide can be determined with regard to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted. As a result, the proportions or dimensions of the damping means with regard to the diameter of the opening and thus indirectly as a function of the wavelength.

In one embodiment of the invention, provision can also be made for a second damping means to be designed as a second annular groove in the end face and / or in the outer face which runs concentrically around one of the openings.

The second annular groove preferably runs concentrically around the first annular groove and, starting from a central axis of the corresponding opening, can be arranged radially further outward than the first annular groove.

In one embodiment it can be provided that the ratio of the depth of the second annular groove to the diameter of the corresponding opening is 0.1 to 0.5, preferably 0.2 to 0.4 and particularly preferably about 0.3, and / or that The ratio of the width of the second annular groove to the diameter of the corresponding opening is 0.05 to 0.25, preferably 0.1 to 0.2 and particularly preferably about 0.14, and / or the ratio of the radial distance of the second annular groove from the breakthrough corresponding to the diameter of the corresponding opening is 0.05 to 1, preferably 0.3 to 0.7 and particularly preferably about 0.43.

The first damping means is preferably designed to be deeper than the second damping means. The principle can also be extended to optionally available, further damping means, in particular annular grooves, with a concentric arrangement of damping means around one of the openings the further outwardly arranged damping means penetrating less deeply into the end face than the damping means arranged closer to the opening.

The first damping means is preferably made wider than the second damping means. The principle can also be extended to optionally present, further damping means, in particular annular grooves, wherein with a concentric arrangement of damping means around one of the openings, the further inner damping means can be made wider than the further outer damping means.

As already mentioned, any number of damping means can in principle be provided, in particular also in a concentric arrangement around one of the openings and designed as an annular groove. For example, a third damping means can be designed as a third annular groove concentrically surrounding one of the openings. Furthermore, a fourth damping means can be designed as a fourth annular groove concentrically surrounding one of the openings, etc.

It is to be expected that the damping property can be increased, the more damping means are provided around an opening. At the same time, however, the effort increases, which is why the person skilled in the art is able to select an application-specific number of damping means that appears suitable or sufficient. Preferably, two damping means are provided per waveguide.

The invention also relates to a waveguide system comprising a waveguide arrangement and a first waveguide arrangement with a waveguide body. A waveguide transition for the transmission of an electromagnetic wave between at least one first waveguide of the first waveguide arrangement and at least one waveguide of the waveguide arrangement is formed between the waveguide arrangement and the waveguide body of the first waveguide arrangement.

The waveguide arrangement is preferably the waveguide arrangement already described above, in particular the waveguide arrangement according to patent claim 1.

With regard to the waveguide system, it is provided that the waveguide body has at least one damping means on an end face facing the waveguide arrangement which is designed to suppress the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the end face.

If a metallic waveguide ends, interference can spread over its face and affect neighboring signal lines. In particular, due to non-ideal waveguide transitions, electromagnetic waves can be emitted. According to the invention, this radiation can be reduced, as a result of which electronic systems located in the vicinity are less or not influenced.

The invention can be used particularly advantageously for suppressing the emission of electromagnetic waves when the waveguide transition has a gap and the end faces of the first waveguide arrangement and the second waveguide arrangement are therefore not ideally on top of one another.

By using the at least one damping means, the propagation of interfering signals can be suppressed and preferably completely prevented by an adapted geometry of the end face of the waveguide body.

In a further development it can be provided that the waveguide arrangement is designed as a second waveguide arrangement, each of the waveguide arrangements having a first opening extending from a first end of the waveguide body to a second end of the waveguide body for the formation of a respective first waveguide, and wherein the waveguide arrangements are positioned with respect to one another in such a way that their first openings run coaxially and the respective second ends of the waveguide bodies are opposite one another with their end faces.

The invention is particularly suitable for a waveguide transition between two waveguide arrangements. In principle, however, the invention can also be suitable for suppressing the emission of electromagnetic waves from a waveguide transition between the first waveguide arrangement and another waveguide arrangement, for example a dielectric waveguide arrangement.

In a development it can be provided that the waveguide body of the second waveguide arrangement has at least one end face facing the first waveguide arrangement Has damping means which is designed to suppress the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the end face of the waveguide body of the second waveguide arrangement.

It can be particularly advantageous if the first waveguide arrangement and the second waveguide arrangement each have their own damping means. However, it can already be advantageous or improve the signal transmission if only the first waveguide arrangement or the second waveguide arrangement have damping means.

In a further development it can be provided that the waveguide body of the first waveguide arrangement and the waveguide body of the second waveguide arrangement each have a second opening extending from the first end of the waveguide body to the second end of the waveguide body to form a respective second waveguide, which are coaxial with one another .

Further openings can also be provided in the respective waveguide bodies in order to form further waveguides, which are preferably also arranged coaxially.

In the context of the invention, crosstalk of signals or signal components between the waveguides of the waveguide arrangements can advantageously be suppressed.

In a further development of the invention it can be provided that an electrical assembly with an antenna arrangement is positioned and aligned with the first waveguide arrangement in order to move the electromagnetic wave, starting from the first end of the waveguide body of the first waveguide arrangement, into the first waveguide and / or into the second waveguide initiate the first waveguide arrangement.

The electrical assembly or the antenna arrangement can form part of the waveguide system.

The antenna arrangement can be designed as a patch antenna, Marconi antenna, Vivaldi antenna, dipole antenna or antenna of any other type. In principle, any design of the antenna arrangement which the person skilled in the art considers suitable can be provided within the scope of the invention.

The electrical assembly can be, for. B. to be an electrical circuit board ("Printed Circuit Board", PCB) or an integrated circuit. It can also be a system-in-package, a multi-chip module and / or a package-on-package.

The waveguide body of the first waveguide arrangement and / or the second waveguide arrangement can preferably have at least one further damping means on an outer surface facing away from the end face, which is designed to suppress the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the outer surface.

In a further development of the invention it can be provided that the waveguide arrangement and the first waveguide arrangement form a plug connection.

The invention can be particularly well suited for reducing unwanted radiation of electromagnetic waves from a waveguide plug connection, since a gap in the waveguide transition cannot be excluded, especially in a plug connection due to tolerances in the manufacture, assembly or use of the plug connection, which can promote the emission of electromagnetic waves. The invention can thus be used particularly advantageously for plug connections.

The invention can in particular relate to a signal decoupling for interposers and waveguide bundles to reduce crosstalk.

According to the invention, a waveguide bundle, d. H. a waveguide body, which has several individual waveguides, without strong crosstalk between the individual waveguides, can be provided. As a result, installation space can be saved in signal transmission.

The invention also relates to a use of a waveguide arrangement according to the above and following statements for data transmission by means of electromagnetic waves.

The waveguide arrangement according to the invention can advantageously be provided for forming board-to-board connections or chip-to-chip connections and thereby in particular replace optical systems.

The use of the waveguide arrangement according to the invention is not only advantageous for data transmission, but can also be used in other areas, such as (high-frequency) measurement technology. The invention is therefore not to be understood as a special and exclusive solution for improved data transmission.

The waveguide arrangement according to the invention or the waveguide system according to the invention can advantageously be used within the entire electrical engineering sector, for example in in radar technology or in antenna technology. A preferred field of application, however, relates to space technology and vehicle technology (land vehicles, watercraft and aircraft). High-frequency electromagnetic signals can particularly preferably be transmitted at high data rates between control devices of vehicles, for example motor vehicles.

The waveguide arrangement according to the invention and the waveguide system according to the invention can be provided for the transmission of electromagnetic waves with any type of polarization, in particular linear or circular.

Features that have already been described in connection with the waveguide arrangement according to the invention can of course also be advantageously implemented for the waveguide system according to the invention or for the use described - and vice versa. Furthermore, advantages that have already been mentioned in connection with the waveguide arrangement according to the invention can also be understood to relate to the waveguide system according to the invention or to the use - and vice versa.

In addition, it should be pointed out that terms such as “comprising”, “have” or “with” do not exclude any other features or steps. Furthermore, terms such as “a” or “the” which refer to a single number of steps or features do not exclude a plurality of steps or features - and vice versa.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the drawing.

The figures each show preferred exemplary embodiments in which individual features of the present invention are shown in combination with one another. Features of an exemplary embodiment can also be implemented separately from the other features of the same exemplary embodiment and can accordingly be easily combined by a person skilled in the art to form further meaningful combinations and sub-combinations with features of other exemplary embodiments.

In the figures, functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference symbols.

Figur 1

eine erfindungsgemäße Hohlleiteranordnung mit einem ersten Hohlleiter und einem zweiten Hohlleiter in perspektivischer Ansicht;

Figur 2

eine Draufsicht auf die Hohlleiteranordnung der Figur 1;

Figur 3

einen isometrischen Längsschnitt der Hohlleiteranordnung der Figur 1 gemäß Schnittlinie III;

Figur 4

eine Detailansicht der Schnittdarstellung des ersten Hohlleiters der Figur 3;

Figur 5

ein erfindungsgemäßes Wellenleitersystem mit einer ersten Hohlleiteranordnung und einer zweiten Hohlleiteranordnung in perspektivischer Schnittdarstellung;

Figur 6

ein erfindungsgemäßes Wellenleitersystem mit einer elektrischen Baugruppe und einer Antennenanordnung in einer Schnittdarstellung;

Figur 7

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Hohlleiteranordnung mit einem ersten Hohlleiter und einem zweiten Hohlleiter in perspektivischer Schnittdarstellung;

Figur 8

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Wellenleitersystems mit einer ersten Hohlleiteranordnung und einer zweiten Hohlleiteranordnung in perspektivischer Schnittdarstellung;

Figur 9

ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Hohlleiteranordnung mit einem ersten Hohlleiter und einem zweiten Hohlleiter in perspektivischer Schnittdarstellung;

Figur 10

ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Wellenleitersystems mit einer ersten Hohlleiteranordnung und einer zweiten Hohlleiteranordnung in perspektivischer Schnittdarstellung;

Figur 11

ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Hohlleiteranordnung mit einem ersten Hohlleiter und einem zweiten Hohlleiter in perspektivischer Schnittdarstellung;

Figur 12

ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Wellenleitersystems mit einer ersten Hohlleiteranordnung und einer zweiten Hohlleiteranordnung in perspektivischer Schnittdarstellung;

Figur 13

ein fünftes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Hohlleiteranordnung mit einem ersten Hohlleiter und einem zweiten Hohlleiter in perspektivischer Schnittdarstellung;

Figur 14

ein sechstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Hohlleiteranordnung mit einem ersten Hohlleiter und einem zweiten Hohlleiter in perspektivischer Schnittdarstellung;

Figur 15

ein siebtes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Hohlleiteranordnung mit einem ersten Hohlleiter und einem zweiten Hohlleiter in perspektivischer Ansicht;

Figur 16

Simulationsergebnisse der Entkopplung eines Wellenleiterübergangs gemäß dem Stand der Technik für verschiedene Spaltmaße; und

Figur 17

Simulationsergebnisse der Entkopplung eines erfindungsgemäßen Wellenleitersystems für verschiedene Spaltmaße.

They show schematically:

Figure 1

a waveguide arrangement according to the invention with a first waveguide and a second waveguide in a perspective view;

Figure 2

a plan view of the waveguide assembly of Figure 1 ;

Figure 3

an isometric longitudinal section of the waveguide assembly of FIG Figure 1 according to section line III;

Figure 4

a detailed view of the sectional view of the first waveguide of FIG Figure 3 ;

Figure 5

a waveguide system according to the invention with a first waveguide arrangement and a second waveguide arrangement in a perspective sectional view;

Figure 6

a waveguide system according to the invention with an electrical assembly and an antenna arrangement in a sectional view;

Figure 7

a second embodiment of a waveguide arrangement according to the invention with a first waveguide and a second waveguide in a perspective sectional view;

Figure 8

a second embodiment of a waveguide system according to the invention with a first waveguide arrangement and a second waveguide arrangement in a perspective sectional view;

Figure 9

a third embodiment of a waveguide arrangement according to the invention with a first waveguide and a second waveguide in a perspective sectional view;

Figure 10

a third embodiment of a waveguide system according to the invention with a first waveguide arrangement and a second waveguide arrangement in a perspective sectional view;

Figure 11

a fourth embodiment of a waveguide arrangement according to the invention with a first waveguide and a second waveguide in a perspective sectional view;

Figure 12

a fourth embodiment of a waveguide system according to the invention with a first waveguide arrangement and a second waveguide arrangement in a perspective sectional view;

Figure 13

a fifth embodiment of a waveguide arrangement according to the invention with a first waveguide and a second waveguide in a perspective sectional view;

Figure 14

a sixth embodiment of a waveguide arrangement according to the invention with a first waveguide and a second waveguide in a perspective sectional view;

Figure 15

a seventh embodiment of a waveguide arrangement according to the invention with a first waveguide and a second waveguide in a perspective view;

Figure 16

Simulation results of the decoupling of a waveguide transition according to the prior art for different gap dimensions; and

Figure 17

Simulation results of the decoupling of a waveguide system according to the invention for different gap dimensions.

Figure 1 shows a waveguide arrangement 1 according to the invention according to a first embodiment in a perspective view. For clarity, shows Figure 2 also a plan view of the waveguide arrangement 1 of FIG Figure 1 and Figure 3 an isometric sectional view according to section line III of Figure 1 .

The waveguide arrangement 1 has a waveguide body 2 with a first opening 3 extending from a first end 2.1 of the waveguide body 2 to a second end 2.2 of the waveguide body 2 to form a first waveguide 4. The illustrated waveguide body 2 is formed from a solid body, which is preferably an electrically conductive solid body, in particular a metal.

In the exemplary embodiment, a second opening 5 is also provided, which also extends from the first end 2.1 of the waveguide body 2 to the second end 2.2 of the waveguide body 2 and forms a second waveguide 6. In principle, more than the two waveguides 4, 6 can also be provided, for example three, four, five or even more waveguides, which are formed by corresponding openings in the waveguide body 2. The additional waveguides can, however, also be omitted; In the context of the invention, at least the first waveguide 4 is provided.

According to the invention, the end face 7 formed or adjoining the second end 2.2 of the waveguide body 2 has at least one damping means 8, 9, 10, 21 which is formed is to suppress propagation of electromagnetic waves on the end face 7. In the exemplary embodiment, the at least one damping means 8, 9, 10, 21 is designed and arranged in order to suppress the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the end face 7 starting from the first waveguide 4 to the second waveguide 6 - and vice versa.

The first opening 3 and the second opening 5 have a round cross section in the exemplary embodiments. In principle, however, any cross section can be provided, for example also a rectangular or elliptical cross section. The first breakthrough 3, the second breakthrough 5 and any further breakthroughs that may be present can differ in terms of their cross section and are preferably determined as a function of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave. In the exemplary embodiments, the cross-sections of the two openings 3, 5 are designed to be identical for simplification.

The at least one damping means 8, 9 is preferably designed and arranged to completely suppress the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the end face 7 starting from the first opening 3 and / or from the second opening 5. This is in the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS Figures 1 to 6 and 9 to 14 the case. It can, however, also be provided that the at least one damping means is designed and arranged to prevent the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the end face 7 in sections or areas, for example in a section of a circle starting from the first opening 3 and / or from the second opening 5 suppress.

The at least one damping means can preferably be designed as a recess in the end face 7, in particular as a groove 8, 9 or groove. Alternatively, the at least one damping means can also be designed as an elevation on the end face 7, in particular as a wall 10 or web (cf. those described below Figures 7, 8 and 15th ). An embodiment as a sleeve 21 (cf. Figures 9 to 12 ) can be an advantage.

In the in the Figures 1 to 4 The embodiment of the waveguide arrangement 1 shown here is provided with two damping means 8, 9 for each opening 3, 5. A first damping means is designed as a first annular groove 8 that runs concentrically around the corresponding opening 3, 5, and a second damping means is designed as a second ring groove 9 that runs concentrically around the corresponding opening 3, 5. In principle, further annular grooves can also be provided, for example a third annular groove, a fourth annular groove, a fifth annular groove or even more annular grooves.

It is also possible to have only one ring groove per opening (cf. Figure 13 ) or only damping starting from one of the openings 3, 5 can be provided. Preferably are the damping means or the annular grooves 8, 9 are arranged completely in a ring around the openings 3, 5 assigned to them. If necessary, however, it can also be sufficient if the damping means or annular grooves 8, 9 only run around partially in the shape of a ring, for example in order to suppress the propagation of electromagnetic waves only along a section of a circle.

The effectiveness of the suppression or damping can be influenced by the size ratios of the damping means 8, 9, 10, 21 and the openings 3, 5, in particular with regard to the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves to be transmitted. The relative size ratios shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 correspond approximately to a preferred embodiment.

The relationships or proportions are particularly good based on Figure 4 recognizable. The ratio of the depth T _{1 of} the first annular groove 8 to the diameter D of the corresponding opening 3, 5 can be 0.2 to 0.6, preferably 0.3 to 0.5 and particularly preferably about 0.4. Furthermore, the ratio of the width B _{1 of} the first annular groove 8 to the diameter D of the corresponding opening 3, 5 can be 0.05 to 0.25, preferably 0.1 to 0.2 and particularly preferably about 0.15. Finally, the ratio of the radial distance R _{1 of} the first annular groove 8 from the corresponding opening 3, 5 to the diameter D of the corresponding opening 3, 5 can be 0.05 to 1, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 and particularly preferably about 0, 12.

The ratio of the depth T _{2 of} the second annular groove 9 to the diameter D of the corresponding opening 3, 5 can be 0.1 to 0.5, preferably 0.2 to 0.4 and particularly preferably about 0.3. The ratio of the width B _{2 of} the second annular groove 9 to the diameter D of the corresponding opening 3, 5 can be 0.05 to 0.25, preferably 0.1 to 0.2 and particularly preferably about 0.14. Finally, the ratio of the radial distance R _{2 of} the second annular groove 9 from the corresponding opening 3, 5 to the diameter D of the corresponding opening 3, 5 can be 0.05 to 1, preferably 0.3 to 0.7 and particularly preferably about 0, 43, as shown.

It should be emphasized that all of the above sizes can also be selected separately or in any combination and can be advantageous.

An embodiment of the invention in which several annular grooves have the same depth can also be advantageous, as shown by way of example on the basis of FIG Figure 14 is shown.

In a particularly preferred but optional embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that an outer surface 19 formed on the first end 2.1 of the waveguide body 2 has at least one further damping means 8, 9, 10, 21 that is designed to prevent the propagation of electromagnetic waves the outer surface 19 to suppress. For the sake of simplicity, this is only an example in Figure 13 shown. In principle, damping means 8, 9, 10, 21 can be provided on the outer surface 19 for each of the exemplary embodiments mentioned above and below or combinations and variants of these exemplary embodiments.

An exemplary waveguide system 11 according to the invention is shown in FIG Figure 5 shown in an isometric sectional view. Figure 5 shows a waveguide system 11, comprising a waveguide arrangement 12 and a first waveguide arrangement 1 with a waveguide body 2, wherein between the waveguide arrangement 12 and the waveguide body 2 of the first waveguide arrangement 1, a waveguide transition 13 for transmitting an electromagnetic wave 14 between at least one first waveguide 4 of the first waveguide arrangement 1 and at least one waveguide 4 'of the waveguide arrangement 12 is formed.

In the exemplary embodiment, the waveguide arrangement 12 is designed as a second waveguide arrangement 12, each of the waveguide arrangements 1, 12 extending from a first end 2.1, 2.1 'of the waveguide body 2, 2' to a second end 2.2, 2.2 'of the waveguide body 2, 2' extending first breakthrough 3, 3 'to form a respective first waveguide 4, 4', and wherein the waveguide arrangements 1, 12 are positioned to each other such that their first openings 3, 3 'run coaxially and the respective second ends 2.2, 2.2 'The waveguide bodies 2, 2' are opposite with their end faces 7, 7 '.

According to the invention, at least the waveguide body 2 of the first waveguide arrangement 1 has at least one damping means on an end face 7 facing the waveguide arrangement or the second waveguide arrangement 12 (in the present example the two annular grooves 8, 9), which is designed to prevent the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the end face 7 to suppress.

In the exemplary embodiment, the waveguide body 2 'of the second waveguide arrangement 12 on an end face 7' facing the first waveguide arrangement 1 also has at least one damping means (in this case again two concentric annular grooves 8 ', 9'), which is designed to prevent the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the To suppress end face 7 'of the second end 2.2' of the waveguide body 2 'of the second waveguide arrangement 12.

The outer surfaces 19, 19 'of the first waveguide arrangement 1 and / or the second waveguide arrangement 12 can optionally have damping means 8, 9, 10, 21.

Any combinations of damping means 8, 9, 10, 21 with regard to the openings 3, 5, the end faces 7, 7 ', and the outer surfaces 19, 19' are possible.

The waveguide body 2 of the first waveguide arrangement 1 and the waveguide body 2 'of the second waveguide arrangement 12 each have an extending from the first end 2.1, 2.1' of the waveguide body 2, 2 'to the second end 2.2, 2.2' of the waveguide body 2, 2 ' second opening 5, 5 'for forming a respective second waveguide 6, 6', which also run coaxially to one another.

According to the invention, crosstalk between the channels or the waveguides 4, 6, 4 ', 6' of the respective waveguide arrangements 1, 12 can be suppressed with regard to the illustrated waveguide system 11 due to the use of the damping means 8, 9, 8 ', 9', 10, 21 , preferably to be avoided entirely.

In Figure 6 is the waveguide system 11 of Figure 5 expanded by an electrical assembly 15 with an antenna arrangement 16. The electrical assembly 15 can for example be designed as an electrical circuit board ("printed circuit board", PCB) and positioned and aligned with the antenna arrangement 16 to the first waveguide arrangement 1 in such a way that the electromagnetic wave 14 starting from the first end 2.1 of the waveguide body 2 of the first waveguide arrangement 1 can be introduced into the first waveguide 4. The antenna arrangement 16 can be, for example, a patch antenna 17 that is fed by a microstrip line 18.

The waveguide arrangement or the second waveguide arrangement 12 and the first waveguide arrangement 1 can form a plug connection, for example. In this case, a distance A can remain in the region of the waveguide transition 13, in particular due to tolerance, even when the plug connection is closed. According to the prior art, the distance-related emission of electromagnetic waves can lead to crosstalk between the transmission channels due to the propagation of the electromagnetic waves on the end faces 7, 7 '.

Instead of the damping means shown as annular grooves 8, 9, 8 '9', any number of variants for forming the damping means can be implemented within the framework of the waveguide system 11 or also the individual waveguide arrangements 1, 12, with combinations also being possible. This should be done on the following Figures 7 to 15 be clarified.

An exemplary alternative to the damping means designed as annular grooves 8, 9 according to the embodiment of FIG Figure 1 is in Figure 7 shown. Figure 7 shows a variant of the invention, according to which the at least one damping means is designed as an elevation on the end face 7. For this purpose, a wall 10 is formed on the end face 7 between the first opening 3 and the second opening 5 in order to suppress the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the end face 7 between the first opening 3 and the second opening 5. Figure 8 shows a correspondingly equipped waveguide system 11.

The wall 10 or the damping means is designed as a separate component in the exemplary embodiments and inserted into corresponding recesses, but can also be designed in one piece with the first waveguide body 1 or with the second waveguide body 12. For a suitable mechanical and electrical contact between the wall 10 and the first waveguide arrangement 1 and / or the second waveguide arrangement 12, the webs 20 shown can be used, which can enable a press fit, for example.

Another example of a wall 10 is shown in FIG Figure 15 shown schematically. For example, it can be provided that the first waveguide arrangement 1 has at least one damping means formed as an elevation on the end face 7, in particular the wall 10. The waveguide arrangement or the second waveguide arrangement 12 can then preferably have a damping means formed as a groove into which the wall 10 can penetrate when the waveguide transition 13 is formed or the first waveguide arrangement 1 and the waveguide arrangement or second waveguide arrangement 12 are brought closer to one another.

It can be advantageous to arrange the wall 10 centrally between the openings 3, 5 and preferably to arrange it symmetrically between the openings 3, 5.

Several walls can also be provided within the scope of the invention.

The wall or walls can also be arranged in a ring around at least one of the openings 3, 5 (completely or partially), similar or inversely to the arrangement of the annular grooves 8, 9. Exemplary damping means designed as sleeves 21 are shown in FIGS 10 (with webs 20 for a press fit) and in the Figures 11 and 12 (with a simplified design without bars).

Combinations of walls 10, sleeves 21 and annular grooves 8, 9 can also be provided.

To illustrate the advantages of the claimed invention, show the Figures 16 and 17th Simulation results of waveguide arrangements 11 with different gap dimensions (0.1 mm / 0.2 mm / 0.3 mm). Figure 16 shows a decoupling between two channels according to the prior art and Figure 17 a decoupling according to the invention with the described damping means 8, 9, 8 ', 9' according to the representations of FIG Figures 1 to 6 .

Claims (15)

Waveguide arrangement (1), comprising a waveguide body (2) with a first opening (3) extending from a first end (2.1) of the waveguide body (2) to a second end (2.2) of the waveguide body (2) to form a first waveguide ( 4),
characterized in that
an end face (7) formed at the second end (2.2) of the waveguide body (2) has at least one damping means (8, 9, 10, 21) which is designed to suppress the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the end face (7). Waveguide arrangement (1) according to claim 1,
characterized in that
an outer surface (19) formed at the first end (2.1) of the waveguide body (2) has at least one damping means (8, 9, 10, 21) which is designed to suppress the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the outer surface (19). Waveguide arrangement (1) according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
the waveguide body (2) has a second opening (5) extending from the first end (2.1) of the waveguide body (2) to the second end (2.2) of the waveguide body (2) to form a second waveguide (6). Waveguide arrangement (1) according to claim 3,
characterized in that
the at least one damping means (8, 9, 10, 21) is designed and arranged to prevent the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the end face (7) or on the outer surface (19) starting from the first waveguide (4) to the second waveguide ( 6) suppress. Waveguide arrangement (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that
the at least one damping means (8, 9, 10, 21) is designed and arranged to prevent the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the end face (7) or on the outer surface (19) starting from the first opening (3) and / or from the second breakthrough (5) to suppress completely or at least in a circle starting from the first opening (3) and / or from the second opening (5). Waveguide arrangement (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that
the at least one damping means (8, 9, 10, 21) is partially or completely arranged in a ring around the first opening (3) and / or is arranged between the first opening (3) and the second opening (5) and / or partially or is arranged completely in a ring around the second opening (5). Waveguide arrangement (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 6,
characterized in that
that at least one of the damping means is designed as a recess in the end face (7) or in the outer surface (19), in particular as a groove (8, 9) or groove. Waveguide arrangement (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 7,
characterized in that
that at least one of the damping means is designed as an elevation on the end face (7) or on the outer surface (19), in particular as a wall (10), sleeve (21) or web. Waveguide system (11), comprising a waveguide arrangement (12) and a first waveguide arrangement (1) with a waveguide body (2), with a waveguide transition (13) between the waveguide arrangement (12) and the waveguide body (2) of the first waveguide arrangement (1) Transmission of an electromagnetic wave (14) between at least one first waveguide (4) of the first waveguide arrangement (1) and at least one waveguide (4 ') of the waveguide arrangement (12) is formed,
characterized in that
the waveguide body (2) has at least one damping means (8, 9, 10, 21) on an end face (7) facing the waveguide arrangement (12) which is designed to suppress the propagation of electromagnetic waves on the end face (7). Waveguide system (11) according to claim 9,
characterized in that
the waveguide arrangement is designed as a second waveguide arrangement (12), each of the waveguide arrangements (1, 12) extending from a first end (2.1, 2.1 ') of the waveguide body (2, 2') to a second end (2.2, 2.2 ') ) of the waveguide body (2, 2 ') extending first opening (3, 3') to form a respective first Waveguide (4, 4 '), and wherein the waveguide arrangements (1, 12) are positioned to one another in such a way that their first openings (3, 3') run coaxially and the respective second ends (2.2, 2.2 ') of the waveguide bodies ( 2, 2 ') with their end faces (7, 7') are opposite. Waveguide system (11) according to claim 10,
characterized in that
the waveguide body (2 ') of the second waveguide arrangement (12) has at least one damping means (8', 9 ', 10) on an end face (7') facing the first waveguide arrangement (1) which is designed to prevent the propagation of electromagnetic waves the end face (7 ') of the waveguide body (2') of the second waveguide arrangement (12). Waveguide system (11) according to one of Claims 9 to 11,
characterized in that
the waveguide body (2) of the first waveguide arrangement (1) and the waveguide body (2 ') of the second waveguide arrangement (12) each extending from the first end (2.1, 2.1') of the waveguide body (2, 2 ') to the second end (2.2, 2.2 ') of the waveguide body (2, 2') have a second opening (5, 5 ') for forming a respective second waveguide (6, 6') which run coaxially to one another. Waveguide system (11) according to one of Claims 9 to 12,
characterized in that
an electrical assembly (15) with an antenna arrangement (16) is positioned and aligned with the first waveguide arrangement (1) in order to emit the electromagnetic wave (14) starting from the first end (2.1) of the waveguide body (2) of the first waveguide arrangement (1) to be introduced into the first waveguide (4) and / or into the second waveguide (6) of the first waveguide arrangement (1). Waveguide system (11) according to one of Claims 9 to 13,
characterized in that
the waveguide arrangement (12) and the first waveguide arrangement (1) form a plug connection. Use of a waveguide arrangement (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 8 for data transmission by means of electromagnetic waves.

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