EP3789675A1 - Burner device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is based on a burner device for shaping at least one flame (12, 14), in particular for a gas burner, with at least one base body (18) which has a flame formation area (22) on at least one combustion surface (20), and with a large number on fluid channels (24-39) opening into the flame formation area (22) for guiding a fuel through the base body (18). It is proposed that a fluid channel direction (40) of at least one of the fluid channels (24-39) is substantially different from a surface normal (42) deviates from the combustion surface (20) at an opening area of this fluid channel (24-39) in the flame formation area (22).

Description

State of the art

There is already a burner device for shaping at least one flame, in particular for a gas burner, with at least one base body, which has a flame formation area on at least one combustion surface, and with a plurality of fluid channels opening into the flame formation area for guiding a fuel through the base body, has been proposed.

Disclosure of the invention

The invention is based on a burner device for shaping at least one flame, in particular for a gas burner, with at least one base body, which has a flame formation area on at least one combustion surface, and with a plurality of fluid channels opening into the flame formation area for guiding a fuel through the base body through.

It is proposed that a fluid channel direction of at least one of the fluid channels deviates significantly from a surface normal of the combustion surface at an opening area of this fluid channel into the flame formation area. The burner device is preferably provided for feeding and / or distributing the fuel, in particular from a premixing chamber, a feed line, a reservoir or the like of the gas burner, into the flame-forming area. In particular, the burner device is for a combustion of the Fuel provided in the flame formation area. The burner device is preferably provided for specifying a direction of flow of the, in particular gaseous, fuel in the flame formation region. The burner device is preferably provided for specifying a shape of the at least one flame that occurs during combustion of the fuel in the flame-forming region. A shape of the flame preferably describes an, in particular scalable, spatial arrangement of temperature zones of the flame. In particular, given a given shape, a specific configuration, for example a maximum extent and / or a color, can depend on process parameters, such as an amount of fuel, an amount of oxygen, a flow rate of the fuel or the like.

The base body is preferably made thin-walled. The base body preferably comprises at least two largest surfaces, of which in particular one faces the flame formation area and in particular one faces away from the flame formation area. The focal surface is preferably an imaginary, smallest possible, simply connected, in particular hole-free, surface which completely encompasses the largest surface of the base body facing the flame formation area. In particular, before the fluid channels are formed in the base body, the combustion surface is identical to the largest surface of the base body facing the flame formation region. For a differentiation, the largest area of the base body that faces away from the flame formation area is referred to below as the supply area. A maximum distance between the focal surface and the supply surface of the base body is preferably smaller, preferably at least three times smaller, particularly preferably at least ten times smaller, than a maximum extent of the focal surface. The focal surface and the supply surface are preferably arranged at least substantially parallel to one another. "Essentially parallel" is to be understood here to mean in particular an alignment of a direction relative to a reference direction, in particular in a plane, the direction having a deviation from the reference direction, in particular less than 8 °, advantageously less than 5 ° and particularly advantageously less than 2 °. In particular, the focal surface and / or the supply surface can be flat or curved. For example, without being restricted to this, the base body is Plate-shaped, in particular as a flat or arched sheet metal, hollow-cylindrical or hollow-hemispherical, or the base body has another shape that appears sensible to a person skilled in the art.

The fluid channels preferably extend from the supply surface to the focal surface. The fuel, for the guidance of which the fluid channels are provided, is particularly preferably designed as a premixed fuel, for example as an air-natural gas mixture. Alternatively, the burner device is provided for forming a diffusion flame, for example in that at least one of the fluid channels is provided for guiding an oxygen-containing fluid, in particular air. A “fluid channel direction” of one of the fluid channels is to be understood as meaning, in particular, a direction which points from an inlet of the fluid channel in the supply surface to an outlet of the fluid channel in the combustion surface and runs parallel to a wall of the fluid channel. The fluid channel direction of one of the fluid channels preferably runs parallel to an axis of symmetry of an imaginary cylinder with the largest possible radius, which can just be arranged in this fluid channel, in particular through this fluid channel. The fluid channel direction of one of the fluid channels preferably defines a flow direction of the fuel into the flame formation region, in particular when it emerges from this fluid channel. If one of the fluid channels has a curve or a kink along a direction from the supply surface to the combustion surface, the fluid channel direction is preferably parallel to a section of the wall which is closest to the flame formation area.

A “surface normal” of a surface is to be understood in particular as a direction which is perpendicular to at least a partial area of this surface and in particular points away from this surface. The surface normal is preferably designed as a normal vector. In particular, surface normals of a curved surface which are spaced apart and which are perpendicular to different subregions of this surface can point in different directions. The fact that a direction deviates “substantially” from a reference direction is to be understood in particular to mean that the two directions enclose at least an angle of more than 5 °, preferably of more than 15 °, particularly preferably of more than 25 °. Preferably the close Fluid channel direction of one of the fluid channels and the surface normal of the focal surface in the mouth region of this fluid channel an angle of less than 89 °, preferably less than 85 °, particularly preferably less than 80 °. In particular, a maximum extension of the fluid channels parallel to the respective fluid channel direction is longer than a maximum distance between the focal surface and the supply surface. The opening area of one of the fluid channels is preferably given by a contour of the wall of this fluid channel in the focal surface. Preferably, an angular amount for a deviation of the fluid channel direction from the respective surface normal is at least essentially the same for at least the majority of the fluid channels, wherein in particular a direction of the deviation can be fluid channel-specific. “Essentially the same” values are to be understood as meaning, in particular, at least two values which differ from one another by less than 25%, preferably by less than 10%, particularly preferably at most depending on a manufacturing tolerance.

The configuration according to the invention can advantageously set a direction of flow of the fuel. In particular, a flame shape can advantageously be specified. In particular, a flame shape can advantageously be adapted to an application without moving parts, in particular advantageously with little wear, advantageously with little noise, advantageously with few components, advantageously easily scalable and / or advantageously inexpensively.

It is further proposed that the fluid channel directions of at least two directly adjacent fluid channels are arranged to cross one another. In particular, the fluid channel directions each include a normal component which runs parallel to the respective surface normal. The normal components for the majority of the fluid channels are preferably at least substantially the same. Preferably, mutually intersecting fluid channel directions each comprise at least one essential component that is directed opposite to one another. Fluid channel directions intersecting one another preferably each comprise at least one essential component, which in particular runs perpendicular to the normal component and which are aligned parallel to one another. An “essential” component of a direction is to be understood as meaning, in particular, a component whose amount is at least 5%, preferably at least 10%, particularly preferably at least 15% of the amount of the largest component thereof Direction corresponds. Preferably, a minimum distance between intersecting fluid channel directions is smaller than the largest possible radius of the imaginary cylinder arranged in the fluid channels. Preferably, mutually intersecting fluid channel directions intersect at one point. Particularly preferably, at least the majority of the fluid channels are arranged in at least essentially mirror-symmetrical pairs, with the fluid channel directions of the pairs in particular pointing towards the mirror plane. “Essentially symmetrical” should be understood to mean, in particular, symmetrical apart from manufacturing tolerances. In particular, the burner device comprises a directly adjacent fluid channel for at least the majority of the fluid channels, which fluid channel is arranged at least essentially mirror-symmetrically and is aligned with the fluid channel direction towards the mirror plane. Due to the configuration according to the invention, fuel flows parallel to the combustion surface can advantageously be controlled and in particular deflected.

It is further proposed that the fluid channels with different fluid channel directions are arranged in groups in which a component of a vector sum of the fluid channel directions is designed to be negligible in a plane perpendicular to the surface normal. In particular, directly adjacent fluid channels are combined to form the groups. Preferably at least the majority, preferably all groups, comprise the same number of fluid channels. Preferably four, alternatively three, fluid channels each form a group. Directly adjacent groups are preferably arranged at least essentially mirror-symmetrically to one another. In particular, the fluid channels of mirror-symmetrical pairs are divided into directly adjacent groups. The vector sum of the fluid channel direction of one of the groups is preferably at least substantially parallel to the surface normals on the fluid channels of this group. In particular, for each fluid channel with a first fluid channel direction, the group comprises at least one further fluid channel with a further fluid channel direction which is at least partially and / or completely oriented in the opposite direction to the first fluid channel direction. A “negligible” component of a direction is to be understood as meaning, in particular, a component which corresponds to less than 5%, preferably less than 1%, particularly preferably less than 0.1% of the amount of the largest component in this direction. Due to the design according to the invention a net fuel flow parallel to the surface normal can advantageously be achieved, in particular with a simultaneous specification of a flame shape deviating from a Bunsen-like flame.

It is further proposed that a wall of at least one of the fluid channels protrudes from the focal surface and / or from an outer surface of the base body facing away from the focal surface in order to specify the fluid channel direction. The fluid channels and the base body are preferably formed in one piece. In particular, the fluid channels and the base body are formed by a reshaping process of a single blank, in particular a sheet metal. In particular, the wall of the fluid channel protruding from the base body is formed by a stamping process. A maximum extension of the protruding wall is preferably greater than a maximum extension of the fluid channels within the base body. The wall of at least the majority of the fluid channels preferably protrudes from the combustion surface and the supply surface. The sections of the wall which protrude from the focal surface and from the supply surface are preferably arranged opposite one another. The sections of the wall which protrude from the focal surface and from the supply surface are preferably formed at least substantially point-symmetrically to one another. Alternatively, the wall of at least the majority of the fluid channels protrudes from the combustion surface or the supply surface. It is basically conceivable that the walls of different fluid channels are arranged in a protruding manner on different sides of the base body. Due to the configuration according to the invention, the fluid channel direction can advantageously be precisely specified. In particular, a material thickness of the base body can advantageously be kept small. In particular, the burner device can advantageously be produced simply and / or advantageously inexpensively.

It is further proposed that the burner device comprises a control unit for setting at least two different types of flame as a function of a fluid parameter of the fuel in the fluid channels. The control unit is preferably provided for controlling or regulating the fluid parameter. In particular, the control unit is for outputting a control signal for at least one fluid control element, for example for a valve, for a throttle valve, for a compressor or the like, the burner device and / or the gas burner. The control unit is preferably provided to set a flame type by setting the fluid parameter, in particular to switch between at least two different flame types. The fluid parameter preferably describes or characterizes a mass and / or volume flow of the fuel through the fluid channels. For example, the fluid parameter is designed as a flow rate, a flow velocity, a pressure or the like. The different types of flame preferably differ in the shape of the flame generated. As a result of the configuration according to the invention, different flame types can advantageously be used for different modulation areas. In particular, an advantageously high modulation margin can be achieved. In particular, a stable flame can be generated for an advantageously large number of modulation points, in particular for all modulation points. In particular, by changing the flame type, a flame height can advantageously be decoupled from the modulation.

It is further proposed that at least two of the fluid channels be assigned a common mouth area on the focal surface for generating a common, Bunsen-like flame. In particular, the directly adjacent, mutually intersecting fluid channels are assigned a common mouth region which is arranged around an intersection of the fluid channel direction, in particular in the case of a perpendicular projection of the associated fluid channel directions onto the focal surfaces. In particular, the common mouth area is intended to generate a stable, in particular essentially laminar, flame, in particular when the fluid parameter is adjusted to a burning speed of the flame, which flame is fed with fuel in particular from at least two fluid channels. In particular, the Bunsen-like flame has a main reaction area facing away from the focal surface. The configuration according to the invention makes it possible to achieve an advantageously low minimum modulation. In particular, an advantageously low flow rate of the fuel can be used.

In addition, it is proposed that at least two fluid channels are directed opposite one another in order to generate a countercurrent flame. Preferably At least two of the fluid channels have a common countercurrent area which is arranged in particular on the focal surface between the opening areas of these fluid channels. In particular, the common countercurrent area is provided to mutually negate a velocity component, which runs parallel to the combustion surface, of the fuel from different fluid channels, in particular in the case of a setting in which the fluid parameter exceeds a burning velocity of the flame. As a result of the configuration according to the invention, a flame height can advantageously be kept low, in particular in comparison to a Bunsen-like flame, with the same flow rate of the fuel.

It is further proposed that at least within a group of fluid channels, all components of fluid channel directions that are parallel to the focal surface for generating a vortex flame are arranged in a predetermined direction of rotation. In particular, the fluid channels are arranged within one of the groups on the focal surface on a circumference of an imaginary, convex, preferably equilateral, polygon, in particular precisely one fluid channel being arranged on each side of the polygon. For example, the polygon is designed as, in particular an equilateral, triangle or as a square, preferably as a parallelogram, particularly preferably as a rectangle, very preferably as a square. The fluid channels preferably specify a sense of rotation in that a projection of each of the fluid channel directions of the group onto the focal surface shows exactly one corner of the polygon and the projection onto each corner of the polygon shows exactly one of the fluid channel directions of the group onto the focal surface. In particular, when looking at the focal surface, all fluid channel directions of one of the groups are arranged clockwise or all fluid channel directions of one of the groups are arranged counterclockwise. The fluid channels are preferably arranged in directly adjacent groups, specifying a different direction of rotation. The direction of rotation of one of the groups is preferably provided to specify a direction of rotation of a vortex flame, which occurs in particular when the fluid parameter is significantly greater than the burning speed of the flame. In particular, a main reaction zone of the vortex flame faces the focal surface. The configuration according to the invention makes it possible to achieve an advantageously high maximum modulation. In particular, a flame height can also be advantageous with an advantageously high flow rate of the fuel be kept low. In particular, an advantageously low flame temperature can be achieved. In particular, emissions of carbon monoxide and / or a nitrogen oxide can advantageously be kept low

Furthermore, a gas burner, in particular a gas boiler, with a burner device according to the invention is proposed. For example, the gas burner is designed as a wall-mounted heater, a storey heater, a gas heater, a flow heater, a hot water heater or a combination heater. The gas burner preferably comprises at least one heat exchanger, in particular for transferring heat from the flame to a working fluid, in particular a heat carrier, for example air and / or water, to process water and / or to drinking water. The focal surface is preferably arranged facing the heat exchanger. The gas burner preferably comprises at least one ignition unit, for example with an ignition piezo and / or an ignition transformer, for igniting the fuel in the flame formation area. The gas burner preferably comprises at least one premixing unit, in particular for adding oxygen to the fuel. The gas burner preferably comprises at least one air supply to the premixing unit. The air supply preferably comprises a fan and / or a compressor, in particular for drawing in ambient air. The gas burner preferably comprises at least one fuel supply to the premixing unit. The fuel supply preferably comprises a fan and / or a compressor for drawing in the fuel from a storage container and / or an external supply line. The premixing unit preferably comprises at least one Venturi nozzle for mixing the fuel with the air, in particular for generating a negative pressure for opening a fuel valve of the fuel supply line. The premixing unit is preferably connected fluidically to the burner device, in particular to the supply surface of the burner device. The gas burner preferably comprises at least one flame detector for detecting and / or monitoring flame formation in the flame formation area. The gas burner preferably comprises a sump for collecting condensed water. The combustion surface of the burner device is preferably arranged facing the sump, in particular in order to generate a flow direction of the fuel during combustion against a gravitational force, in particular in order to avoid dripping of condensed water from the heat exchanger to the burner device. The configuration according to the invention can advantageously provide a gas burner with an advantageously small flame formation zone. In particular, a combustion chamber of the gas burner can advantageously be kept compact. In particular, a distance between a main reaction zone of the flame and the flame detector can advantageously be kept constant. In particular, an advantageously reliable flame detection can be achieved over an advantageously large modulation span. In particular, an advantageously compact, advantageously inexpensive and / or advantageously low-wear gas burner can be made available.

In addition, a method for operating a burner device according to the invention and / or a gas burner according to the invention is proposed. The method preferably comprises at least two different modulation phases, which differ in particular in terms of a thermal output to be provided by the burner device and / or the gas burner. The method preferably includes at least one low modulation phase, in particular to cover a low heat output range of the burner device and / or the gas burner. The method preferably includes at least one mean modulation phase, in particular to cover a mean heat output range of the burner device and / or the gas burner. The method preferably comprises at least one high modulation phase, in particular to cover a high thermal output range of the burner device and / or the gas burner. The control unit preferably sets the modulation phases by means of setting the fluid parameter. The modulation phases can preferably be continuously converted into one another, in particular by means of a stepless adjustment of the fluid parameter. Alternatively, the fluid parameter can be adjusted gradually. In the low modulation phase, the control unit preferably sets a value for the fluid parameter which in particular corresponds to a lower mass and / or volume flow of the fuel than in the medium modulation phase. In the high modulation phase, the control unit preferably sets a value for the fluid parameter which in particular corresponds to a higher mass and / or volume flow of the fuel than in the medium modulation phase. The control unit preferably sets a value for the fluid parameter in the mean modulation phase one that corresponds in particular to a mass and / or volume flow of the fuel that lies between that of the high modulation phase and that of the low modulation phase. In the low modulation phase, at least one Bunsen-like flame is preferably formed in the flame formation area, in particular at the common mouth area. In the middle modulation phase, at least one countercurrent flame is preferably formed in the flame formation area, in particular at the common countercurrent area. In the high modulation phase, at least one vortex flame is preferably formed in the flame formation area, in particular in a group-specific area of the focal surface. Due to the configuration according to the invention, a flame height can advantageously be kept low. A distance between a main reaction zone of the flame and the flame detector can advantageously be kept constant.

The burner device according to the invention, the gas burner according to the invention and / or the method according to the invention should / should not be restricted to the application and embodiment described above. In particular, the burner device according to the invention, the gas burner according to the invention and / or the method according to the invention can have a number differing from a number of individual elements, components and units as well as method steps mentioned herein in order to fulfill a mode of operation described herein. In addition, in the case of the value ranges specified in this disclosure, values lying within the stated limits should also be deemed disclosed and can be used as required.

drawings

Further advantages emerge from the following description of the drawings. In the drawings, an embodiment of the invention is shown. The drawings, the description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. The person skilled in the art will expediently also consider the features individually and combine them into meaningful further combinations.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Gasbrenners,

Fig. 2

eine schematische Innenansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Gasbrenners,

Fig. 3

eine perspektive Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Brennervorrichtung,

Fig. 4

eine schematische Darstellung einer Anordnung von Fluidkanälen der erfindungsgemäßen Brennervorrichtung und

Fig. 5

eine schematische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of a gas burner according to the invention,

Fig. 2

a schematic interior view of the gas burner according to the invention,

Fig. 3

a perspective view of a burner device according to the invention,

Fig. 4

a schematic representation of an arrangement of fluid channels of the burner device according to the invention and

Fig. 5

a schematic representation of a method according to the invention.

Description of the embodiment

Figure 1 shows an exterior view and Figure 2 an interior view of a gas burner 16. In particular, the gas burner 16 is designed as a gas boiler, for example as a water heater. The gas burner 16 comprises a burner device 10. In particular, the burner device 10 is provided for the combustion of a fuel, in particular a premixed fuel. The burner device 10 is provided for shaping at least one flame 12. The burner device 10 has at least one base body 18. For example, the base body 18 is curved in the shape of a semi-cylinder. The base body 18 has a flame formation region 22 on at least one combustion surface 20. In particular, the combustion surface 20 is arranged facing the flame 12 at least during operation of the burner device 10.

The gas burner 16 preferably comprises at least one heat exchanger 64, in particular for transferring heat from the combustion to water and / or another heat carrier. The combustion surface 20 is preferably arranged facing the heat exchanger 64. The gas burner 16 preferably comprises at least one ignition unit 66 in the flame formation region 22. The gas burner 16 preferably comprises at least one flame detector 68, in particular for detecting the flame 12 Flame detector 68 is arranged on the flame formation region 22, in particular between the combustion surface 20 and the heat exchanger 64. The gas burner 16 preferably comprises a sump 76 for collecting condensed water. The focal surface 20 is preferably arranged facing the sump 76. In particular, the heat exchanger 64 is arranged between the burner device 10 and the sump 76.

The gas burner 16 preferably comprises at least one premixing unit 70, in particular for adding oxygen to the fuel. The gas burner 16 preferably comprises at least one air supply 72 to the premixing unit 70. The gas burner 16 preferably comprises at least one fuel supply 74 to the premixing unit 70. The premixing unit 70 is preferably fluidly connected to a supply surface of the burner device 10. In particular, the supply surface is an outer surface 56 of the base body 18 facing away from the combustion surface 20. For example, the burner device 10 is arranged on a premixing chamber, a plenum and / or a fuel outlet line of the premixing unit 70.

Figure 3 shows a section of the burner device 10. The burner device 10 has a multiplicity of fluid channels 24-39 opening into the flame formation region 22 for guiding a fuel through the base body 18. To illustrate the relative arrangement of the fluid channels 24-39 to one another, the base body 18 is shown in FIG Figures 3 to 5 shown as a flat plate. In particular, the base body 18, in particular after an arrangement and / or formation of the fluid channels 24-39 on the base body 18, can be brought into an application-specific final shape, such as that in FIG Figure 2 shown semi-cylindrical configuration. A maximum extent of the fluid channels 24-39 is preferably small compared to a radius of curvature of the base body 18 in the final shape of the base body 18. Preferably, a minimum radius of curvature of the base body 18 is greater, in particular at least five times greater, particularly preferably at least ten times greater, than the maximum extent of the Fluid channels 24-39. Preferably, the fluid channels 24-39 are at least essentially structurally identical, in particular structurally identical apart from manufacturing tolerances, designed and / or arranged. Preferably, the fluid channels 24-39 are in a regular or irregular, in particular at least two-dimensional, pattern arranged, in particular distributed over the focal surface 20. For example, a repeating unit of the pattern comprises sixteen of the fluid channels 24-39, in particular in an arrangement of 4 x 4 fluid channels 24-27, 28-31, 32-35, 36-39. The pattern preferably comprises a multiplicity of the at least substantially structurally identical repeating units. For the sake of clarity, reference symbols for features of the fluid channels 24-39 are only shown for the fluid channel referred to below as the base channel 25. The base channel 25 is representative of any of the fluid channels 24-39. Features of the base channel 25 described in the following can be applied analogously to at least the majority of all fluid channels 24-39. In particular, it is possible for further fluid channels, due to the finite extent of the base body 18, to be arranged in an outer edge region of the focal surface 20 differently from the features described below and, in particular, not to have features that describe a paired arrangement of fluid channels.

A fluid channel direction 40 of at least the base channel 25 deviates significantly from a surface normal 42 of the combustion surface 20 at an opening area of the base channel 25 in the flame formation area 22. A fluid channel direction of each of the fluid channels 24-39 preferably deviates from a fluid channel-specific surface normal, in particular by the same plane angle. In particular, the surface normal 42 specifies a fluid channel-specific pole direction for spherical coordinates. In particular, a pole spacing angle of the respective fluid channel direction 40 from the respective surface normal 42 is at least essentially the same for all fluid channels 24-39. In particular, an azimuth angle of the respective fluid channel direction 40 with respect to the associated surface normals 42 can be configured in a fluid channel-specific manner. In particular, the fluid channel direction 40 specifies a fluid channel-specific flow direction 78 of the fuel from the fluid channels 24-39 into the flame formation region 22 during operation of the burner device 10 (cf. Figure 5 ).

A wall 52 of at least the base channel 25 protrudes from the focal surface 20 for a specification of the fluid channel direction 40. Another wall 54 of at least the base channel 25 is related to a specification of the fluid channel direction 40 from the outer surface 56 of the base body facing away from the focal surface 20 18 emerges. In particular, a direction of the surface normal 42 is independent of a specific configuration of the wall 52 and / or the further wall 54. In particular, the wall 52 and the further wall 54 are arranged facing one another, in particular to extend a maximum extent of the base channel 25 parallel to the direction of the fluid channel 40. The wall 52 and / or the further wall 54 are preferably arranged and / or formed point-symmetrically to one another apart from manufacturing tolerances. The wall 52 is preferably formed onto the base body 18 from the outer surface 56 by a stamping process. In particular, the further wall 54 is formed onto the base body 18 from the focal surface 20 by a stamping process.

The burner device 10 comprises a control unit 58. The control unit 58 is provided for setting at least two different types of flame as a function of a fluid parameter of the fuel in the fluid channels 24-39. In particular, the control unit 58 generates a control signal for setting the fluid parameter, in particular a flow rate or the like of the fuel through the fluid channels 24-39. The gas burner 16, in particular the premixing unit 70, preferably comprises a fluid control element, for example a compressor and / or a valve (not shown here), for setting the fluid parameter. The control unit 58 is optionally designed to process a measurement signal from the flame detector 68, in particular to regulate the fluid parameter.

Figure 4 shows a plan view, in particular a view parallel to the surface normal 42, of the focal surface 20. In particular, FIG Figure 4 in each case one component of the fluid channel directions 40 parallel to the focal surface 20, only the fluid channel direction 40 of the base channel 25 being provided with a reference symbol for the sake of clarity.

The fluid channel directions 40 of at least two directly adjacent fluid channels 25, 28 are arranged to cross one another. Preferably, at least one, preferably several, in particular eight, of the fluid channels 24-39 is assigned to the base channel 25 as a direct adjacent channel 24, 26, 27, 28, 30. In particular, the focal surface 20 is between the base channel 25 and the direct adjacent channel 24, 26, 27, 28, 30 formed free of fluid channels. At least one, in particular precisely one, of the direct adjacent channels 24, 26, 27, 28, 30 is preferably arranged as a crossing adjacent channel 28. The base channel 25 and the crossing adjacent channel 28 are preferably arranged and / or aligned at least substantially symmetrically with respect to a mirror plane 80. The mirror plane 80 preferably extends perpendicular to the focal surface 20. The fluid channel directions 40 of the base channel 25 and of the intersecting adjacent channel 28 are preferably oriented towards the mirror plane 80. In particular, the fluid channel directions 40 of the base channel 25 and the crossing adjacent channel 28 intersect in the mirror plane 80. A common opening area 60 on the focal surface 20 is assigned to the base channel 25 and the crossing adjacent channel 28. The common mouth area 60 is provided for generating a common, Bunsen-like flame. In particular, the common mouth area 60 comprises an area around a minimum distance, in particular around an intersection point, of the fluid channel directions 50 of the base channel 25 and the intersecting adjacent channel 28.

Preferably, several, in particular the majority, of the direct adjacent channels 24, 26, 27, 28 to the base channel 25 have different fluid channel directions 40. It is basically conceivable that at least one, in particular two, of the direct adjacent channels 30 and the base channel 25 have fluid channel directions 40 that are parallel to one another. The fluid channels 24-31 with different fluid channel directions 40 are arranged in groups 44, 46, 48, 50. For example, each group 44, 46, 48, 50 comprises four of the, in particular directly adjacent, fluid channels 24-27, 28-31, 32-35, 36-39. Each group 44, 46, 48, 50 preferably comprises at least two directly adjacent fluid channels 24-27, 28-31, 32-35, 36-39 along two, in particular orthogonal, spatial directions. Each fluid channel 24-39 is preferably arranged in precisely one of the groups 44, 46, 48, 50. A component of a vectorial sum of the fluid channel directions 40 of each of the groups 44, 46, 48, 50 is designed to be negligible in a plane perpendicular to the surface normal 42, in particular parallel to the focal surface 20. In particular, the groups 44, 46, 48, 50 each include two of the fluid channels 25, 26, whose components of the fluid channel direction 40 that are parallel to the focal surface 20 are aligned antiparallel to one another. At least within a group 44, 46, 48, 50 of the fluid channels 24-39 all of the components of fluid channel directions 40 parallel to the focal surface 20 are arranged in a predetermined direction of rotation 62 for generating a common vortex flame. In particular, a concatenation of the component of the fluid channel direction 40 of one of the groups 44, 46, 48, 50 that is parallel to the focal surface 20 forms a closed vector train.

The base channel 25 and the crossing adjacent channel 28 are preferably arranged in different groups 44, 46. The group 44 comprising the base channel 25 is referred to below as the base group 44. The group 46 comprising the crossing adjacent channel 28 is referred to below as a cross group 46. The base group 44 and at least one, in particular several, in particular four, groups 46, 48 are preferably arranged mirror-symmetrically to one another. The base group 44 and the cross group 46 are preferably arranged symmetrically to the mirror plane 80. In particular, the base group 44 and at least one further group 48, referred to as a counter group 48, is arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to a further mirror plane 82. In particular, the further mirror plane 82 extends perpendicular to the mirror plane 80 and perpendicular to the focal surface 20. In particular, the cross group 46 and at least one further group 50, referred to as cross counter group 50, is arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to the further mirror plane 82. In particular, the burner device 10 comprises for each fluid channel 24-27 of the base group 44 one of the fluid channels 28-31 of the cross group 46, which are arranged mirror-symmetrically to these. In particular, the burner device 10 includes one of the fluid channels 32, which are arranged mirror-symmetrically to this, for each fluid channel 24-27 of the base group 44 -35 of the counter group 46. In particular, the burner device 10 comprises for each fluid channel 24-27 of the cross group 46 and / or the counter group 48 one of the fluid channels 36-39 of the cross counter group 50, which are arranged mirror-symmetrically to these.

At least two of the fluid channels 25, 28, 35, 38 are directed opposite one another in order to generate a common countercurrent flame. In particular, one of the fluid channels 35 of the opposing group 48 is assigned to the base channel 25 as facing in the opposite direction, which is arranged symmetrically to the base channel 25, in particular with respect to the further mirror plane 82. In particular, the fluid channel direction 40 of the base channel 25 faces the further mirror plane 82.

In particular, one of the fluid channels 38 of the opposing cross group 50 is assigned to the crossing adjacent channel 28 as facing opposite, which is, in particular, arranged symmetrically to the crossing adjacent channel 28 with respect to the further mirror plane 82. In particular, the fluid channel direction of the crossing adjacent channel 28 faces the further mirror plane 82. In particular, a component of a vectorial sum of the fluid channel directions 40 of the mutually opposing fluid channels 25, 28, 35, 38 in a plane perpendicular to the surface normal 42, in particular parallel to the focal surface 20, is designed to be negligible. In particular, the mutually oppositely directed fluid channels 25, 28, 35, 38 are assigned a common countercurrent area on a straight line of intersection of the mirror plane 80 and the further mirror plane 82 for generating the countercurrent flame.

Figure 5 shows a method 63 for operating the burner device 10 and / or the gas burner 16. The method 63 preferably includes a low modulation phase 84. The method 63 preferably includes a medium modulation phase 86. The method 63 preferably includes a high modulation phase 88 a perspective view of the burner device 10 and the flame 12, 14 generated is shown. In particular, in the low modulation phase 84, the control unit 58 sets a flow rate of the fuel, in particular the control unit 58 reduces the flow rate compared to the medium modulation phase 86.In particular, in the low modulation phase 84, a flow direction 78 of the fuel follows from the base channel 25 of the fluid channel direction 40 at least up to the common Mouth area 60. In particular, in the low modulation phase 84, the fuel from the base channel 25 mixes with the fuel from the crossing adjacent channel 28 in the common mouth area 60. In particular, in the low modulation phase 84, the fuel is burned in the common mouth area 60. In particular, in the low modulation phase 84, the flame 12 forms in the common mouth area 60 as a stable Bunsen-like flame.

In particular in the medium modulation phase 86, the control unit 58 sets a flow rate of the fuel, in particular the control unit 58 increases and / or reduces the flow rate compared to the low modulation phase 84 the flow rate compared to the high modulation phase 88.In the middle modulation phase 86, the flow direction 78 of the fuel from the base channel 25 follows the fluid channel direction 40 at least as far as the common opening area 60. In particular, in the middle modulation phase 86 the fuel from the base channel mixes in the common opening area 60 25 with the fuel from the crossing adjacent channel 28. In particular, in the mean modulation phase 86, the flow direction 78 of the mixed fuel follows a vector sum of the fluid channel directions 40 of the base channel 25 and the crossing neighboring channel 28. In particular, the fuel in the mean modulation area meets the common countercurrent area before combustion at the straight line of intersection of the mirror planes 80, 82 onto the fuel from the opposing fluid channels 35, 38 of the opposing group 48 and the cross opposing group 50. In particular, a In the straight line of intersection of the mirror planes 80, 82, the flame 12 emerges as a stable countercurrent flame.

In particular, in the high modulation phase 88, the control unit 58 sets a flow rate of the fuel, in particular the control unit 58 increases the flow rate compared to the medium modulation phase 86. In particular, in the high modulation phase 88 the flow direction 78 of the fuel from the base channel 25 follows the direction of rotation 62 of the base group 44 The flame 12 forms over the base group 44 as a stable eddy current flame.

Claims (10)

Burner device for shaping at least one flame (12, 14), in particular for a gas burner, with at least one base body (18) which has a flame formation area (22) on at least one combustion surface (20) and with a large number of flame formation areas (22) ) opening fluid channels (24-39) for guiding a fuel through the base body (18), characterized in that a fluid channel direction (40) of at least one of the fluid channels (24-39) is substantially different from a surface normal (42) of the combustion surface (20 ) deviates at an opening area of this fluid channel (24-39) in the flame formation area (22). Burner device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the fluid channel directions (40) of at least two directly adjacent fluid channels (25, 28; 27, 33; 30, 36; 35, 38) are arranged so as to cross one another. Burner device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fluid channels (24-27, 28-31, 32-35, 36-39) with different fluid channel directions (40) are arranged in groups (44, 46, 48, 50), in which a component of a vectorial sum of the fluid channel directions (40) in a plane perpendicular to the surface normal (42) is designed to be negligible. Burner device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a wall (52, 54) of at least one of the fluid channels (24-39) for a specification of the fluid channel direction (40) from the combustion surface (20) and / or from one of the combustion surface ( 20) facing away from the outer surface (56) of the base body (18) protrudes. Burner device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a control unit (58) for setting at least two different types of flame as a function of a fluid parameter of the fuel in the fluid channels (24-39). Burner device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two of the fluid channels (25, 28; 27, 33; 30, 36; 35, 38) have a common mouth area (60) on the combustion surface (20) for generating a common, Bunsen-like flame is assigned. Burner device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two of the fluid channels (25, 28, 35, 38) are directed opposite one another in order to generate a common countercurrent flame. Burner device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least within a group (44, 46, 48, 50) of the fluid channels (24-39) all components of fluid channel directions (40) parallel to the combustion surface (20) have one for generating a common vortex flame Direction of rotation (62) are arranged predetermined. Gas burner, in particular gas boiler, with a burner device according to one of Claims 1 to 8. Method for operating a burner device according to one of Claims 1 to 8 and / or a gas burner according to Claim 9.

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