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EP3775565B1 - Compact diagonal fan with a downstream guiding device - Google Patents

Compact diagonal fan with a downstream guiding device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3775565B1
EP3775565B1 EP19786762.5A EP19786762A EP3775565B1 EP 3775565 B1 EP3775565 B1 EP 3775565B1 EP 19786762 A EP19786762 A EP 19786762A EP 3775565 B1 EP3775565 B1 EP 3775565B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
diagonal
impeller
diagonal fan
guide vane
axial
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19786762.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3775565A1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Heli
Daniel Gebert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ebm Papst Mulfingen GmbH and Co KG
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Ebm Papst Mulfingen GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP3775565A1 publication Critical patent/EP3775565A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/06—Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F04D25/0606—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the electric motor being specially adapted for integration in the pump
    • F04D25/0613—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the electric motor being specially adapted for integration in the pump the electric motor being of the inside-out type, i.e. the rotor is arranged radially outside a central stator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/541—Specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/542—Bladed diffusers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/70—Suction grids; Strainers; Dust separation; Cleaning
    • F04D29/701—Suction grids; Strainers; Dust separation; Cleaning especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/703—Suction grids; Strainers; Dust separation; Cleaning especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps specially for fans, e.g. fan guards
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/325—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps for axial flow fans
    • F04D29/326—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps for axial flow fans comprising a rotating shroud

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a compact diagonal fan with a guide device.
  • Diagonal fans and their use are generally known from the state of the art, for example from EN 10 2014 210 373 A1 Further prior art in the present technical field is contained in the publications US 2012/039731 A1 , CN 101 265 923 A , US 2018/142704 A1 , DE 20 2009 017 511 U1 , US 2017/102007 A1 and "Operating Instructions" ( https://cdn.sos.sk/productdata/52/69/95e369fc/k2e200-ah20-05.pdf) disclosed.
  • Diagonal fans are used in applications with high air performance requirements with higher back pressure and limited installation space, for example in cooling technology or in extractor hoods. Due to the large diameter of the axially centrally arranged motor in diagonal fans in relation to the installation space, the exhaust area at the exhaust opening is relatively small, which leads to high exit losses in the flow due to high dynamic pressure at the outlet of the diagonal fan.
  • Axial fans are usually used to achieve high throw distances, but they require a considerable amount of axial space.
  • Diagonal fans are advantageous for compact construction. They also have a larger area of application with higher back pressures and at the same time are more efficient.
  • the disadvantage is the increased space required with axial outflow.
  • the invention solves the problem of providing a short axial length for axially flowing diagonal fans while at the same time providing a good pressure increase.
  • a diagonal fan is proposed with an electric motor, a housing and a diagonal impeller accommodated within the housing and driven by the electric motor.
  • the diagonal flow generated by the diagonal impeller during operation is diverted by an inner wall of the housing into an axial flow direction.
  • the diagonal impeller is followed by a guide device with a plurality of guide blades distributed in the circumferential direction, which evens out an air flow generated by the diagonal impeller.
  • the diagonal fan also has on the guide device an air outlet with a predetermined discharge diameter B.
  • the size of the discharge diameter B is determined in relation to the total axial length E of the diagonal fan such that 0.3 ⁇ E/B ⁇ 0.6.
  • the combination of the use of the guide vane with predetermined discharge diameter and small overall axial length of the diagonal fan provides an increase in pressure increase and efficiency improvement for axially flowing diagonal fans.
  • the diagonal flow blown out by the diagonal impeller is deflected in an axial direction by the housing and evened out by the guide vanes.
  • the special arrangement in relation to one another also enables a high throw distance while maintaining a compact axial design.
  • the diagonal fan has an air inlet with a predetermined intake diameter A, with a ratio of intake diameter A to discharge diameter B being specified, that is, 0.70 ⁇ A/B ⁇ 0.95. Due to a comparatively large intake diameter compared to the discharge diameter, the radial deflection of the flow in the area of the inner wall of the housing, i.e. in the radial outer area, is smaller than in the radial inner area. This enables the use of an axially short guide device, since for axial alignment or deflection, the radial component of the flow in the radial outer area in particular must be reduced.
  • the diagonal fan is provided with an inlet nozzle, which is arranged on the intake side of the housing.
  • the inlet nozzle then determines the intake diameter A.
  • the guide vane has an axial extension C and the diagonal impeller has an axial impeller width D, where the ratio of axial extension C to impeller width D is specified, that is, 0.30 ⁇ C/D ⁇ 0.75, in particular 0.4 ⁇ C/D ⁇ 0.5.
  • the diagonal fan provides that the guide device is formed as one piece with the housing. The number of parts and assembly steps can thus be reduced. Sealing between the components is also not necessary.
  • the guide device has a protective grille that extends over an exhaust section of the diagonal fan.
  • the axial length of the protective grille is less than 50% of the maximum axial length C of the guide device.
  • Another advantageous design variant of the diagonal fan is one in which the guide vane, the housing and the protective grille are formed as one piece.
  • the protective grille also has a plurality of ring webs arranged coaxially to one another, each of which forms opposite web surfaces running parallel to the axial flow direction. The flow is thus guided parallel along the web surfaces over the entire axial length of the protective grille.
  • the ring webs in the area of the guide vanes are designed to protrude axially towards a leading edge of the respective guide vanes.
  • the guide vanes can thus be partly formed by the protruding section of the ring webs, so that the web areas formed by the ring webs in the area of the guide vanes are axially enlarged.
  • the axially protruding sections of the ring webs can serve to stiffen the guide vanes.
  • the guide vanes of the guide device can have different shapes and cross-sections.
  • the guide vanes are are curved in an arc shape when viewed in axial cross-section and are additionally or alternatively profiled.
  • the profiled shape can be, for example, an airfoil shape, ie a convexly curved shape. This allows the different angles of attack of the diagonal impeller used to be taken into account. A straight radial extension of the guide vanes is also possible.
  • the guide vanes of the guide device can be designed to be three-dimensionally curved in a further alternative design, i.e. the curvature also occurs in the axial extension.
  • a favourable design of the diagonal fan also provides that the guide vanes of the guide device merge directly into the protective grille and thus interact directly in terms of flow.
  • the diagonal impeller also comprises a hub with impeller blades attached or formed thereon.
  • the two hubs or hub areas are preferably dimensioned such that a maximum diameter G of the hub area of the guide vane is larger than a maximum diameter F of a hub of the diagonal impeller, so that the hub area of the guide vane covers the hub of the diagonal impeller in axial projection.
  • the guide device has a motor mount for the electric motor in the hub area.
  • the hub area of the guide device can also be designed to be axially retracted so that the motor components and guide device overlap in radial section.
  • the diagonal fan is also designed such that the diagonal impeller has a centrifugal ring that encloses impeller blades distributed in the circumferential direction.
  • the centrifugal ring enables a precisely adjustable discharge angle and a flow line at a predetermined angle to the axis of rotation of the diagonal impeller.
  • Another advantageous aspect is to design the electric motor in the diagonal fan as an external rotor motor. This allows the diagonal impeller to enclose the motor and the axial space requirement is minimized.
  • a further development of the diagonal fan also provides that the inlet nozzle preferably extends in the axial direction into the centrifugal ring, so that the inlet nozzle and the centrifugal ring overlap in sections when viewed in radial section.
  • the diagonal fan 1 is shown in the assembled state and has a total axial length E.
  • the diagonal impeller 4 comprises a plurality of impeller blades 9 which extend radially outwards from the axially open hub 8 and are surrounded by the centrifugal ring 14.
  • the centrifugal ring 14 has a flow cross-section which widens radially outwards in the axial flow direction and is directed towards the inner wall of the housing 2.
  • the electric motor 5 is inserted into the axially open hub 8 of the diagonal impeller 4 and is completely enclosed by it. In the axial direction, i.e. along the axis of rotation, the electric motor 5 extends into the central axis depression 11 so that this can be positioned closer to the diagonal impeller 4.
  • the diagonal impeller 4 driven by the electric motor 5 is arranged within the housing 2 which forms a flow channel and has an axial length D.
  • the inlet nozzle 6 is arranged on the inlet side and extends with its end section of the smallest flow cross-section (diameter A) into the area of the diagonal impeller 4, so that the centrifugal ring 14 and the end section of the inlet nozzle 6 overlap.
  • the diagonal fan 1 sucks in air in the axial direction via the diagonal impeller 4 and conveys it diagonally, ie opposite the axis of rotation at a predetermined outflow angle in the direction of the inner wall of the housing 2.
  • the outflow angle is determined diagonally radially outwards via the centrifugal ring 14.
  • the flow is then diverted back into an axial flow direction and conveyed to the guide device 3.
  • the air outlet of the diagonal fan 1 has a predetermined blow-out diameter B, whereby the ratio of the total axial length E to the blow-out diameter B is 0.38 in the embodiment shown.
  • the ratio can be increased to 0.6 or reduced to 0.3.
  • the diagonal fan 1 In the air inlet 21 formed by the inlet nozzle 6 (in the area of the smallest flow cross-section of the inlet nozzle), the diagonal fan 1 has an intake diameter A that is smaller than the blow-out diameter B by a factor of 0.87.
  • the ratio can be adjusted in a range of 0.70-0.95. This means that the required deflection of the flow in the radially outer area is small.
  • the guide device 3 is arranged with a large number of guide vanes 7 distributed in the circumferential direction, as seen in the axial flow direction, following the diagonal impeller 4.
  • the guide device 3 also comprises an integral protective grid 17 with a large number of ring webs 13 arranged coaxially to one another, each of which forms opposite web surfaces 19 running parallel to the axial flow direction.
  • the axial length of the protective grid 17 corresponds to half the axial length C of the guide device 3.
  • the maximum flow cross-section of the guide device (diameter B) is in the area of the ring webs 13 on the outlet side.
  • the guide device 3 evens out the flow by means of the guide vanes 7 and the protective grid 17.
  • the guide vanes 7 extend in the axial direction through the protective grid 17 and thus break through the ring webs 13 as a type of curved radial webs, as can be seen well in Figure 2 can be recognized.
  • the diagonal impeller extends over an axial impeller width D.
  • the ratio of the axial extension C of the guide vane to the impeller width D has a value of 0.5 in the embodiment shown, but can be set in the range of 0.30-0.75, in particular between 0.4 - 0.5.
  • the ratio of the maximum diameter G the hub area of the guide vane 3 and the maximum diameter F of the hub 8 of the diagonal impeller 4 is also shown, where G>F.
  • the ring webs 13 in the area of the guide vanes 7 are designed to protrude axially to the leading edge of the respective guide vanes 7 in the section and thus ensure stiffening and support of the guide vanes 7.
  • the guide vanes 7 are curved in an arc shape both in the axial cross section and in the radial section according to Figure 3 curved radially outwards, resulting in a three-dimensional overall curvature.
  • the guide vanes 7 are curved in radial section according to Figure 3 profiled according to a support surface, whereby their respective thicknesses initially increase and then decrease again in the axial direction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen kompakt aufgebauten Diagonalventilator mit Nachleiteinrichtung.The invention relates to a compact diagonal fan with a guide device.

Allgemein sind Diagonalventilatoren und deren Einsatz aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt, beispielsweise aus der DE 10 2014 210 373 A1 . Weiterer druckschriftlicher Stand der Technik im vorliegenden technischen Gebiet ist in den Druckschriften US 2012/039731 A1 , CN 101 265 923 A , US 2018/142704 A1 , DE 20 2009 017 511 U1 , US 2017/102007 A1 und "Operating Instructions" (https://cdn.sos.sk/productdata/52/69/95e369fc/k2e200-ah20-05.pdf) offenbart.Diagonal fans and their use are generally known from the state of the art, for example from EN 10 2014 210 373 A1 Further prior art in the present technical field is contained in the publications US 2012/039731 A1 , CN 101 265 923 A , US 2018/142704 A1 , DE 20 2009 017 511 U1 , US 2017/102007 A1 and "Operating Instructions" ( https://cdn.sos.sk/productdata/52/69/95e369fc/k2e200-ah20-05.pdf) disclosed.

Diagonalventilatoren werden in Anwendungen mit hohen Anforderungen an Luftleistung bei höherem Gegendruck und geringem Einbauplatz eingesetzt, beispielsweise in der Kühltechnik oder bei Dunstabzugshauben. Durch den bei Diagonalventilatoren im Verhältnis zum Bauraum großen Motordurchmesser des axialzentral angeordneten Motors ist die Ausblasfläche an der Ausblasöffnung verhältnismäßig klein, wodurch es zu hohen Austrittsverlusten bei der Strömung durch hohen dynamischen Druck am Austritt des Diagonalventilators kommt.Diagonal fans are used in applications with high air performance requirements with higher back pressure and limited installation space, for example in cooling technology or in extractor hoods. Due to the large diameter of the axially centrally arranged motor in diagonal fans in relation to the installation space, the exhaust area at the exhaust opening is relatively small, which leads to high exit losses in the flow due to high dynamic pressure at the outlet of the diagonal fan.

Üblicherweise werden für die Erreichung hoher Wurfweiten Axialventilatoren verwendet, die jedoch einen nicht unerheblichen axialen Bauraum benötigen. Für die kompakte Bauweise sind Diagonalventilatoren günstig. Zudem haben sie ein größeres Einsatzgebiet bei höheren Gegendrücken bei gleichzeitig höherem Wirkungsgrad. Nachteilig ist der vergrößerte Platzbedarf bei axialer Abströmung. Die Erfindung löst die Aufgabe, für axial abströmende Diagonalventilatoren eine geringe axiale Baulänge bei gleichzeitig guter Druckerhöhung bereitzustellen.Axial fans are usually used to achieve high throw distances, but they require a considerable amount of axial space. Diagonal fans are advantageous for compact construction. They also have a larger area of application with higher back pressures and at the same time are more efficient. The disadvantage is the increased space required with axial outflow. The invention solves the problem of providing a short axial length for axially flowing diagonal fans while at the same time providing a good pressure increase.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmalskombination gemäß Patentanspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the combination of features according to patent claim 1.

Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Diagonalventilator mit einem Elektromotor, einem Gehäuse und einem innerhalb des Gehäuses aufgenommenen und über den Elektromotor antreibbaren Diagonallaufrad vorgeschlagen. Die von dem Diagonallaufrad im Betrieb erzeugte Diagonalströmung wird von einer Innenwand des Gehäuses in eine axiale Strömungsrichtung umgelenkt. In axialer Strömungsrichtung gesehen ist dem Diagonallaufrad anschließend eine Nachleiteinrichtung mit einer Vielzahl von in Umfangsrichtung verteilten Leitschaufeln angeordnet, welche eine von dem Diagonallaufrad erzeugte Luftströmung vergleichmäßigt. Der Diagonalventilator weist ferner an der Nachleiteinrichtung einen Luftaustritt mit einem vorbestimmten Ausblasdurchmesser B auf. Die Größe des Ausblasdurchmessers B wird im Verhältnis zur Axialgesamtlänge E des Diagonalventilators derart festgelegt ist, dass gilt 0,3≤E/B≤0,6.According to the invention, a diagonal fan is proposed with an electric motor, a housing and a diagonal impeller accommodated within the housing and driven by the electric motor. The diagonal flow generated by the diagonal impeller during operation is diverted by an inner wall of the housing into an axial flow direction. Viewed in the axial flow direction, the diagonal impeller is followed by a guide device with a plurality of guide blades distributed in the circumferential direction, which evens out an air flow generated by the diagonal impeller. The diagonal fan also has on the guide device an air outlet with a predetermined discharge diameter B. The size of the discharge diameter B is determined in relation to the total axial length E of the diagonal fan such that 0.3≤E/B≤0.6.

Die Kombination aus der Verwendung der Nachleiteinrichtung mit vorbestimmten Ausblasdurchmesser und geringer axialer Axialgesamtlänge des Diagonalventilators liefert bei axial abströmenden Diagonalventilatoren eine Steigerung der Druckerhöhung sowie Effizienzverbesserung.The combination of the use of the guide vane with predetermined discharge diameter and small overall axial length of the diagonal fan provides an increase in pressure increase and efficiency improvement for axially flowing diagonal fans.

Die durch das Diagonallaufrad ausgeblasene Diagonalströmung wird von dem Gehäuse in axiale Richtung umgelenkt und von der Nachleiteinrichtung vergleichmäßigt. Die spezielle Anordnung zueinander ermöglicht zudem eine hohe Wurfweite bei gleichzeitig kompakter axialer Bauweise.The diagonal flow blown out by the diagonal impeller is deflected in an axial direction by the housing and evened out by the guide vanes. The special arrangement in relation to one another also enables a high throw distance while maintaining a compact axial design.

Erfindungsgemäß weist der Diagonalventilators einen Lufteintritt mit einem vorbestimmten Ansaugdurchmesser A aufweist, wobei ein Verhältnis von Ansaugdurchmesser A zu Ausblasdurchmesser B festgelegt ist, dass gilt 0,70≤A/B≤0,95. Durch einen vergleichsweise großen Ansaugdurchmesser gegenüber dem Ausblasdurchmesser ist die radiale Umlenkung der Strömung im Bereich der Innenwand des Gehäuses, d.h. im radialen Außenbereich geringer als im radialen Innenbereich. Dies ermöglicht die Verwendung einer axial kurz aufbauenden Nachleiteinrichtung, da zur axialen Ausrichtung bzw. Umlenkung insbesondere die radiale Komponente der Strömung im radialen Außenbereich reduziert werden muss.According to the invention, the diagonal fan has an air inlet with a predetermined intake diameter A, with a ratio of intake diameter A to discharge diameter B being specified, that is, 0.70≤A/B≤0.95. Due to a comparatively large intake diameter compared to the discharge diameter, the radial deflection of the flow in the area of the inner wall of the housing, i.e. in the radial outer area, is smaller than in the radial inner area. This enables the use of an axially short guide device, since for axial alignment or deflection, the radial component of the flow in the radial outer area in particular must be reduced.

Als günstige Ausführungsvariante ist bei dem Diagonalventilator eine Einlaufdüse vorgesehen, welche ansaugseitig an dem Gehäuse angeordnet ist. Die Einlaufdüse bestimmt dann den Ansaugdurchmesser A.As a favorable design variant, the diagonal fan is provided with an inlet nozzle, which is arranged on the intake side of the housing. The inlet nozzle then determines the intake diameter A.

Als weitere geometrische vorteilhafte Ausführung weisen die Nachleiteinrichtung eine Axialerstreckung C und das Diagonallaufrad eine axiale Laufradbreite D auf, wobei das Verhältnis von Axialerstreckung C zu Laufradbreite D festgelegt ist, dass gilt 0,30≤C/D≤0,75, insbesondere 0,4≤C/D≤0,5.As a further geometrically advantageous design, the guide vane has an axial extension C and the diagonal impeller has an axial impeller width D, where the ratio of axial extension C to impeller width D is specified, that is, 0.30≤C/D≤0.75, in particular 0.4≤C/D≤0.5.

Eine vorteilhafte Ausführung sieht bei dem Diagonalventilator vor, dass die Nachleiteinrichtung einteilig mit dem Gehäuse ausgebildet ist. Die Teilezahl und Montageschritte können somit reduziert werden. Auch kann auf eine Abdichtung zwischen den Bauteilen verzichtet werden.An advantageous design of the diagonal fan provides that the guide device is formed as one piece with the housing. The number of parts and assembly steps can thus be reduced. Sealing between the components is also not necessary.

Die Nachleiteinrichtung weist in einer Weiterbildung ein einen Ausblasabschnitt des Diagonalventilators überstreckendes Schutzgitter auf. Die axiale Länge des Schutzgitters ist dabei kleiner als 50% der maximalen axialen Länge C der Nachleiteinrichtung.In a further development, the guide device has a protective grille that extends over an exhaust section of the diagonal fan. The axial length of the protective grille is less than 50% of the maximum axial length C of the guide device.

Günstig ist ferner eine Ausführungsvariante des Diagonalventilators, bei der die Nachleiteinrichtung, das Gehäuse und das Schutzgitter einteilig ausgebildet sind.Another advantageous design variant of the diagonal fan is one in which the guide vane, the housing and the protective grille are formed as one piece.

Das Schutzgitter weist ferner in einer vorteilhaften Ausführung eine Vielzahl von koaxial zueinander angeordneten Ringstegen auf, welche jeweils parallel zur axialen Strömungsrichtung verlaufende und gegenüberliegende Stegflächen ausbilden. Die Strömung verläuft somit geführt parallel entlang der Stegflächen über die gesamte axiale Länge des Schutzgitters.In an advantageous embodiment, the protective grille also has a plurality of ring webs arranged coaxially to one another, each of which forms opposite web surfaces running parallel to the axial flow direction. The flow is thus guided parallel along the web surfaces over the entire axial length of the protective grille.

In einer Weiterbildung des Diagonalventilators sind die Ringstege im Bereich der Leitschaufeln axial zu einer Anströmkante der jeweiligen Leitschaufeln vorstehend ausgebildet. Die Leitschaufeln können somit teils durch den vorstehenden Abschnitt der Ringstege mit gebildet werden, so dass die von den Ringstegen im Bereich der Leitschaufeln gebildeten Stegflächen axial vergrößert sind. Zudem können die axial vorstehenden Abschnitte der Ringstege als Versteifung der Leitschaufeln dienen.In a further development of the diagonal fan, the ring webs in the area of the guide vanes are designed to protrude axially towards a leading edge of the respective guide vanes. The guide vanes can thus be partly formed by the protruding section of the ring webs, so that the web areas formed by the ring webs in the area of the guide vanes are axially enlarged. In addition, the axially protruding sections of the ring webs can serve to stiffen the guide vanes.

Die Leitschaufeln der Nachleiteinrichtung können unterschiedliche Formen und Querschnitte aufweisen. In einer vorteilhaften Ausführung sind die Leitschaufeln im axialen Querschnitt gesehen bogenförmig gekrümmt und zusätzlich oder alternativ profiliert ausgebildet sind. Als profilierte Form kann beispielsweise eine Tragflächenform, d.h. eine konvex gewölbte Form bestimmt sein. Mithin kann den unterschiedlichen Anströmwinkeln des jeweilig eingesetzten Diagonallaufrads Rechnung getragen werden. Dabei ist auch eine geradlinig radiale Erstreckung der Leitschaufeln möglich.The guide vanes of the guide device can have different shapes and cross-sections. In an advantageous embodiment, the guide vanes are are curved in an arc shape when viewed in axial cross-section and are additionally or alternatively profiled. The profiled shape can be, for example, an airfoil shape, ie a convexly curved shape. This allows the different angles of attack of the diagonal impeller used to be taken into account. A straight radial extension of the guide vanes is also possible.

Neben der im axialen Querschnitt gesehen vorwärts oder rückwärts gekrümmten Ausführung können die Leitschaufeln der Nachleiteinrichtung in einer weiter alternativen Ausführung dreidimensional gekrümmt ausgebildet werden, d.h. die Krümmung erfolgt zudem in Axialerstreckung.In addition to the forward or backward curved design as seen in the axial cross-section, the guide vanes of the guide device can be designed to be three-dimensionally curved in a further alternative design, i.e. the curvature also occurs in the axial extension.

Eine günstige Ausführung des Diagonalventilators sieht zudem vor, dass die Leitschaufeln der Nachleiteinrichtung unmittelbar in das Schutzgitter übergehen und somit strömungstechnisch direkt zusammenwirken.A favourable design of the diagonal fan also provides that the guide vanes of the guide device merge directly into the protective grille and thus interact directly in terms of flow.

Neben der Nachleiteinrichtung umfasst auch das Diagonallaufrad eine Nabe mit daran befestigen oder ausgebildeten Laufradschaufeln. Die beiden Naben bzw. Nabenbereiche werden vorzugsweise derart dimensioniert, dass ein maximaler Durchmesser G des Nabenbereichs der Nachleiteinrichtung größer ist als ein maximaler Durchmesser F einer Nabe des Diagonallaufrads, so dass der Nabenbereich der Nachleiteinrichtung die Nabe des Diagonallaufrads in axialer Projektion gesehen überdeckt.In addition to the guide vane, the diagonal impeller also comprises a hub with impeller blades attached or formed thereon. The two hubs or hub areas are preferably dimensioned such that a maximum diameter G of the hub area of the guide vane is larger than a maximum diameter F of a hub of the diagonal impeller, so that the hub area of the guide vane covers the hub of the diagonal impeller in axial projection.

Eine weiter für die axial kompakte Ausführung vorteilhafte Lösung des Diagonalventilators ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Nachleiteinrichtung im Nabenbereich eine Motoraufnahme für den Elektromotor aufweist. Der Nabenbereich der Nachleiteinrichtung kann hierzu zudem axial eingezogen ausgebildet werden, so dass sich Motorbauteile und Nachleiteinrichtung im Radialschnitt gesehen überlappen.Another advantageous solution for the axially compact design of the diagonal fan is characterized in that the guide device has a motor mount for the electric motor in the hub area. The hub area of the guide device can also be designed to be axially retracted so that the motor components and guide device overlap in radial section.

Erfindungsgemäß ist der Diagonalventilator zudem derart ausgestaltet, dass das Diagonallaufrad einen Schleuderring aufweist, der in Umfangsrichtung verteilte Laufradschaufeln umschließt. Der Schleuderring ermöglicht einen exakt einstellbaren Abströmwinkel sowie eine Strömungsleitung in einem vorbestimmten Winkel gegenüber der Rotationsachse des Diagonallaufrads. Ein weiter vorteilhafter Aspekt ist, bei dem Diagonalventilator den Elektromotor als Außenläufermotor auszubilden. Dadurch kann das Diagonallaufrad den Motor umschließen und der axiale Platzbedarf ist minimiert.According to the invention, the diagonal fan is also designed such that the diagonal impeller has a centrifugal ring that encloses impeller blades distributed in the circumferential direction. The centrifugal ring enables a precisely adjustable discharge angle and a flow line at a predetermined angle to the axis of rotation of the diagonal impeller. Another advantageous aspect is to design the electric motor in the diagonal fan as an external rotor motor. This allows the diagonal impeller to enclose the motor and the axial space requirement is minimized.

Eine Weiterbildung des Diagonalventilators sieht zudem vor, dass sich die Einlaufdüse vorzugsweise in axialer Richtung in den Schleuderring hinein erstreckt, so dass sich die Einlaufdüse und der Schleuderring im Radialschnitt gesehen abschnittsweise überlappen.A further development of the diagonal fan also provides that the inlet nozzle preferably extends in the axial direction into the centrifugal ring, so that the inlet nozzle and the centrifugal ring overlap in sections when viewed in radial section.

Andere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet und werden nachstehend zusammen mit der Beschreibung der bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung anhand der Figuren näher dargestellt. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische Explosionsdarstellung eines Diagonalventilators mit Sicht auf die Einlassseite,
Fig. 2
eine perspektivische Explosionsdarstellung des Diagonalventilators aus Figur 1 mit Sicht auf die Auslassseite;
Fig. 3
eine Ansicht im Radialschnitt des Diagonalventilators aus Figur 1;
Fig. 4
eine perspektivische Schnittansicht des Diagonalventilators aus Figur 1.
Other advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims and are described in more detail below together with the description of the preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the figures. They show:
Fig.1
a perspective exploded view of a diagonal fan with a view of the inlet side,
Fig. 2
a perspective exploded view of the diagonal fan from Figure 1 with view of the exhaust side;
Fig.3
a radial section view of the diagonal fan from Figure 1 ;
Fig.4
a perspective sectional view of the diagonal fan from Figure 1 .

In den Figuren 1 bis 4 ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Diagonalventilators 1 gezeigt.In the Figures 1 to 4 an embodiment of a diagonal fan 1 according to the invention is shown.

In den Explosionsdarstellungen gemäß der Figuren 1 und 2 sind die Bauteile des Gehäuses 2 mit daran einteilig ausgebildeter feststehender Nachleiteinrichtung 3, des Diagonallaufrads 4, des als Außenläufermotor ausgebildeten Elektromotors 5 und der in das Gehäuse 2 einsetzbaren Einlaufdüse 6 zu erkennen.In the exploded views according to the Figures 1 and 2 the components of the housing 2 with the fixed guide device 3 formed as a single piece, the diagonal impeller 4, the electric motor 5 designed as an external rotor motor and the inlet nozzle 6 which can be inserted into the housing 2 can be seen.

In den Figuren 3 bis 4 ist der Diagonalventilator 1 im montierten Zustand gezeigt und weist eine Gesamtaxiallänge E auf. Das Diagonallaufrad 4 umfasst mehrere sich von der axial offenen Nabe 8 nach radial außen erstreckende Laufradschaufeln 9, die von dem Schleuderring 14 umgeben sind. Der Schleuderring 14 weist einen sich in axialer Strömungsrichtung nach radial außen aufweitenden, zur Innenwand des Gehäuses 2 gerichteten Strömungsquerschnitt auf. Der Elektromotor 5 ist in die axial offene Nabe 8 des Diagonallaufrads 4 eingesteckt und wird von dieser vollständig umschlossen. In axialer Richtung, d.h. entlang der Rotationsachse, erstreckt sich der Elektromotor 5 bis in die achszentrale Einsenkung 11, so dass diese näher an das Diagonallaufrad 4 positionierbar ist. Das über den Elektromotor 5 angetriebene Diagonallaufrad 4 ist innerhalb des einen Strömungskanal bildenden Gehäuses 2 angeordnet und weist eine axiale Länge D auf. Einlassseitig ist die Einlaufdüse 6 angeordnet und erstreckt sich mit ihrem Endabschnitts des geringsten Durchströmungsquerschnitts (Durchmesser A) bis in den Bereich des Diagonallaufrads 4, so dass sich der Schleuderring 14 und der Endabschnitt der Einlaufdüse 6 überlappen.In the Figures 3 to 4 the diagonal fan 1 is shown in the assembled state and has a total axial length E. The diagonal impeller 4 comprises a plurality of impeller blades 9 which extend radially outwards from the axially open hub 8 and are surrounded by the centrifugal ring 14. The centrifugal ring 14 has a flow cross-section which widens radially outwards in the axial flow direction and is directed towards the inner wall of the housing 2. The electric motor 5 is inserted into the axially open hub 8 of the diagonal impeller 4 and is completely enclosed by it. In the axial direction, i.e. along the axis of rotation, the electric motor 5 extends into the central axis depression 11 so that this can be positioned closer to the diagonal impeller 4. The diagonal impeller 4 driven by the electric motor 5 is arranged within the housing 2 which forms a flow channel and has an axial length D. The inlet nozzle 6 is arranged on the inlet side and extends with its end section of the smallest flow cross-section (diameter A) into the area of the diagonal impeller 4, so that the centrifugal ring 14 and the end section of the inlet nozzle 6 overlap.

Im Betrieb saugt der Diagonalventilator 1 über das Diagonallaufrad 4 in axialer Richtung Luft an und fördert diese diagonal, d.h. gegenüber der Rotationsachse in einem vorbestimmten Abströmwinkel in Richtung der Innenwand des Gehäuses 2. In der gezeigten Ausführung wird der Abströmwinkel über den Schleuderring 14 nach schräg radial außen bestimmt. An der Innenwand des Gehäuses 2 wird die Strömung anschließend wieder in eine axiale Strömungsrichtung umgelenkt und zur Nachleiteinrichtung 3 gefördert.During operation, the diagonal fan 1 sucks in air in the axial direction via the diagonal impeller 4 and conveys it diagonally, ie opposite the axis of rotation at a predetermined outflow angle in the direction of the inner wall of the housing 2. In the embodiment shown, the outflow angle is determined diagonally radially outwards via the centrifugal ring 14. At the inner wall of the housing 2, the flow is then diverted back into an axial flow direction and conveyed to the guide device 3.

Der Luftaustritt des Diagonalventilators 1 weist einen vorbestimmten Ausblasdurchmesser B auf, wobei das Verhältnis von Axialgesamtlänge E zu Ausblasdurchmesser B im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel bei 0,38 liegt. Das Verhältnis kann bis auf 0,6 vergrößert oder bis 0,3 verkleinert werden. Im durch die Einlaufdüse 6 gebildeten Lufteintritt 21 (im Bereich des geringsten Strömungsquerschnitts der Einlaufdüse) hat der Diagonalventilator 1 einen Ansaugdurchmesser A, der um einen Faktor 0,87 kleiner ist als der Ausblasdurchmesser B. Das Verhältnis kann angepasst werden in einem Bereich von 0,70-0,95. Damit ist die benötigte Umlenkung der Strömung im radial außen liegenden Bereich gering.The air outlet of the diagonal fan 1 has a predetermined blow-out diameter B, whereby the ratio of the total axial length E to the blow-out diameter B is 0.38 in the embodiment shown. The ratio can be increased to 0.6 or reduced to 0.3. In the air inlet 21 formed by the inlet nozzle 6 (in the area of the smallest flow cross-section of the inlet nozzle), the diagonal fan 1 has an intake diameter A that is smaller than the blow-out diameter B by a factor of 0.87. The ratio can be adjusted in a range of 0.70-0.95. This means that the required deflection of the flow in the radially outer area is small.

In axialer Strömungsrichtung gesehen dem Diagonallaufrad 4 anschließend ist die Nachleiteinrichtung 3 mit einer Vielzahl von in Umfangsrichtung verteilten Leitschaufeln 7 angeordnet. Die Nachleiteinrichtung 3 umfasst ferner ein integrales Schutzgitter 17 mit einer Vielzahl von koaxial zueinander angeordneten Ringstegen 13, welche jeweils parallel zur axialen Strömungsrichtung verlaufende und gegenüberliegende Stegflächen 19 ausbilden. Die axiale Länge des Schutzgitters 17 entspricht der halben axialen Länge C der Nachleiteinrichtung 3. Der maximale Durchströmungsquerschnitt der Nachleiteinrichtung (Durchmesser B) liegt ausblasseitig im Bereich der Ringstege 13. Die Nachleiteinrichtung 3 vergleichmäßigt die Strömung mittels der Leitschaufeln 7 und des Schutzgitters 17. Die Leitschaufeln 7 erstrecken sich in Axialrichtung durch das Schutzgitter 17 und durchbrechen somit die Ringstege 13 als eine Art bogenförmige Radialstege, wie es gut in Figur 2 zu erkennen ist.The guide device 3 is arranged with a large number of guide vanes 7 distributed in the circumferential direction, as seen in the axial flow direction, following the diagonal impeller 4. The guide device 3 also comprises an integral protective grid 17 with a large number of ring webs 13 arranged coaxially to one another, each of which forms opposite web surfaces 19 running parallel to the axial flow direction. The axial length of the protective grid 17 corresponds to half the axial length C of the guide device 3. The maximum flow cross-section of the guide device (diameter B) is in the area of the ring webs 13 on the outlet side. The guide device 3 evens out the flow by means of the guide vanes 7 and the protective grid 17. The guide vanes 7 extend in the axial direction through the protective grid 17 and thus break through the ring webs 13 as a type of curved radial webs, as can be seen well in Figure 2 can be recognized.

Bezugnehmend auf Figur 3 erstreckt sich das Diagonallaufrad über eine axiale Laufradbreite D. Das Verhältnis der Axialerstreckung C der Nachleiteinrichtung zur Laufradbreite D weist in der gezeigten Ausführung einen Wert von 0,5 auf, kann jedoch im Bereich von 0,30-0,75, insbesondere zwischen 0,4 - 0,5 festgelegt werden. Das Verhältnis des maximalen Durchmessers G des Nabenbereichs der Nachleiteinrichtung 3 sowie des maximalen Durchmessers F der Nabe 8 des Diagonallaufrads 4 ist ebenfalls dargestellt, wobei G>F ist.Referring to Figure 3 the diagonal impeller extends over an axial impeller width D. The ratio of the axial extension C of the guide vane to the impeller width D has a value of 0.5 in the embodiment shown, but can be set in the range of 0.30-0.75, in particular between 0.4 - 0.5. The ratio of the maximum diameter G the hub area of the guide vane 3 and the maximum diameter F of the hub 8 of the diagonal impeller 4 is also shown, where G>F.

In den Figuren 1 und 3 ist ferner dargestellt, dass die Ringstege 13 im Bereich der Leitschaufeln 7 axial zu der Anströmkante der jeweiligen Leitschaufeln 7 im Abschnitt vorstehend ausgebildet sind und somit eine Versteifung und Abstützung der Leitschaufeln 7 gewährleisten. Die Leitschaufeln 7 sind sowohl im axialen Querschnitt gesehen bogenförmig gekrümmt als auch im Radialschnitt gemäß Figur 3 nach radial außen gekrümmt, so dass sich eine dreidimensionale Gesamtkrümmung ergibt. Zudem sind die Leitschaufeln 7 im Radialschnitt gemäß Figur 3 gemäß einer Tragfläche profiliert ausgebildet, wobei sich ihre jeweiligen Dicken in Axialrichtung gesehen zunächst vergrößern und anschließend wieder verkleinern.In the Figures 1 and 3 It is further shown that the ring webs 13 in the area of the guide vanes 7 are designed to protrude axially to the leading edge of the respective guide vanes 7 in the section and thus ensure stiffening and support of the guide vanes 7. The guide vanes 7 are curved in an arc shape both in the axial cross section and in the radial section according to Figure 3 curved radially outwards, resulting in a three-dimensional overall curvature. In addition, the guide vanes 7 are curved in radial section according to Figure 3 profiled according to a support surface, whereby their respective thicknesses initially increase and then decrease again in the axial direction.

Claims (13)

  1. A diagonal fan (1) comprising an electric motor (5), a housing (2) , and a diagonal impeller (4) which is received within the housing (2), can be driven via the electric motor (5), and generates a diagonal flow during operation that is deflected in an axial flow direction by an inner wall of the housing (5), wherein an outlet guide vane device (3) with a plurality of guide vanes (7), which are distributed in the circumferential direction, is arranged adjacently to the diagonal impeller (4) as seen in the axial flow direction, and wherein the outlet guide vane device (3) homogenizes an airflow generated by the diagonal impeller (4) and has an air outlet with a specified outlet diameter B, wherein the diagonal impeller (4) has a slinger ring (14), which surrounds impeller vanes (9) distributed in the circumferential direction and determines the outflow angle of the diagonal impeller (4), characterized in that the diagonal fan (1) extends over a total axial length E, and the ratio of the total axial length E to the outlet diameter B is configured such that 0.3<E/B<0.6, and in that the diagonal fan (1) has an air inlet (21) with a specified intake diameter A, wherein a ratio of the intake diameter A to the outlet diameter B is configured such that 0.70≤A/B≤0.95.
  2. The diagonal fan (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an inlet nozzle (6), which is arranged on the intake side of the housing (2), and wherein the inlet nozzle (6) determines the intake diameter A.
  3. The diagonal fan (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet guide vane device (3) has an axial extension C and the diagonal impeller (4) has an axial impeller width D, wherein the ratio of axial extension C to impeller width D is configured such that 0.30≤C/D≤0.75, in particular 0.4≤C/D≤0.5.
  4. The diagonal fan (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet guide vane device (3) has a protective grating extending over an outlet portion of the diagonal fan (1), which has an axial length that is less than a total axial length C of the outlet guide vane device (3).
  5. The diagonal fan (1)according to claim 4, characterized in that the outlet guide vane device (3), the housing (2) and the protective grating (17) are formed integrally.
  6. The diagonal fan (1)according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the protective grating (17) has a plurality of annular webs (13) arranged coaxially to each other, which each form web surfaces (19) extending parallel to the axial flow direction and opposite to each other.
  7. The diagonal fan (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the annular webs (13) in the region of the guide vanes (7) are formed such that they protrude axially from an inflow edge of the respective guide vanes.
  8. The diagonal fan (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide vanes (7) of the outlet guide vane device (3), as seen in the axial cross-section, are arcuately curved and/or formed in a profile shape.
  9. The diagonal fan (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide vanes (7) of the outlet guide vane device (3) are formed three-dimensionally curved.
  10. The diagonal fan (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 4 to 9, characterized in that the guide vanes (7) of the outlet guide vane device (3) merge directly into the protective grating (17).
  11. The diagonal fan (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a maximum diameter G of the hub region of the outlet guide vane device (3) is greater than a maximum diameter F of a hub (8) of the diagonal impeller (4), such that the hub region of the outlet guide vane device covers the hub (8) of the diagonal impeller (4) as seen in an axial projection.
  12. The diagonal fan (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet guide vane device (3) has a motor mount for the electric motor (5) in its hub region.
  13. The diagonal fan (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 2 and 12, characterized in that the inlet nozzle (6) is arranged on the intake side of the housing (2) and extends into the slinger ring (14) in the axial direction.
EP19786762.5A 2018-11-16 2019-10-09 Compact diagonal fan with a downstream guiding device Active EP3775565B1 (en)

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DE102018128792.5A DE102018128792A1 (en) 2018-11-16 2018-11-16 Compact diagonal fan with guide device
PCT/EP2019/077416 WO2020099034A1 (en) 2018-11-16 2019-10-09 Compact diagonal fan with outlet guide vane device

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US11835062B2 (en) 2023-12-05
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DE102018128792A1 (en) 2020-05-20
WO2020099034A1 (en) 2020-05-22

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