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EP3761936B1 - Mobile stretcher - Google Patents

Mobile stretcher Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3761936B1
EP3761936B1 EP19718582.0A EP19718582A EP3761936B1 EP 3761936 B1 EP3761936 B1 EP 3761936B1 EP 19718582 A EP19718582 A EP 19718582A EP 3761936 B1 EP3761936 B1 EP 3761936B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
rescue stretcher
valve body
connection
stretcher
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19718582.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3761936A1 (en
Inventor
Peter Roider
Andreas Meyer
Christian Hart
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HAWE Altenstadt Holding GmbH
Original Assignee
HAWE Altenstadt Holding GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HAWE Altenstadt Holding GmbH filed Critical HAWE Altenstadt Holding GmbH
Publication of EP3761936A1 publication Critical patent/EP3761936A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3761936B1 publication Critical patent/EP3761936B1/en
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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61GTRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G1/00Stretchers
    • A61G1/04Parts, details or accessories, e.g. head-, foot-, or like rests specially adapted for stretchers
    • A61G1/052Struts, spars or legs
    • A61G1/056Swivelling legs
    • A61G1/0565Swivelling legs simultaneously folding, e.g. parallelogram structures
    • A61G1/0567Swivelling legs simultaneously folding, e.g. parallelogram structures folding in x-shape
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61GTRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G1/00Stretchers
    • A61G1/013Stretchers foldable or collapsible
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61GTRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G1/00Stretchers
    • A61G1/02Stretchers with wheels
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61GTRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G2203/00General characteristics of devices
    • A61G2203/70General characteristics of devices with special adaptations, e.g. for safety or comfort
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61GTRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/002Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons having adjustable mattress frame
    • A61G7/012Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons having adjustable mattress frame raising or lowering of the whole mattress frame

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mobile rescue stretcher, in particular for transport in ambulance vehicles, comprising a chassis having wheels and a patient stretcher supported by this, in order to change the height of the patient stretcher above the wheels, the chassis geometry is adjusted by means of a pressure supply unit and at least one linear actuator that can be acted upon by this hydraulic drive system can be changed, which also has a manually operable unlocking valve unit for direct connection of a lifting working space of the linear actuator with a receiving space for hydraulic fluid.
  • Mobile rescue couches such as those used in particular to transport sick or injured people to or from an ambulance vehicle, are generally known.
  • Various mechanisms are known for adjusting the height of the patient bed, for example in order to adjust it to the level of a treatment table after the patient has arrived in a clinic, and thus to facilitate the transfer of the patient with minimal risk, including, as explained above, hydraulic drive systems.
  • These are used in the same way to retract the chassis of the rescue couch—already suspended with one end in a corresponding receptacle of the ambulance vehicle—when the latter (loaded or unloaded) is to be accommodated in the ambulance vehicle.
  • the state of the art is for example, to refer to the following documents: WO 2016/076908 A1 , WO 2011/088169 A1 , WO 2014/134321 A1 , WO 2005/122989 A1 , WO 2006/004820 A1 , WO 2015/073792 A2 , WO 2014/089180 A1 , WO 2011/041170 A2 , WO 2009/085332 A1 and WO 2006/036980 A1 .
  • the present invention has set itself the task of providing a mobile rescue bed of the generic type which is improved over the prior art in terms of its suitability for use in practice.
  • the space required for the manually operable unlocking valve unit and its operating mechanism should be particularly small, with a high level of safety with regard to possible incorrect operations or malfunctions .
  • the unlocking valve unit has a control chamber which is delimited by a piston element which is movably guided relative to the housing of the valve unit and which communicates with the connection connected to the lifting working chamber, the piston element having is operatively connected to a valve body which interacts with a valve seat of a relief valve formed between the connection connected to the lifting working space and the connection connected to the receiving space, and wherein a mechanical actuation input of the valve unit acts on the valve body with the interposition of a spring element.
  • the rescue bed according to the invention is characterized by a complex unlocking valve unit with integrated safety functionality such that the pressure prevailing in the working space of the linear actuator of the hydraulic drive system is an indicator of the loading of the patient bed is connected to a control chamber and acts on a piston element arranged therein and connected to a valve body of the relief valve.
  • a mechanical actuation input of the valve unit acts on the valve body with the interposition of a spring element in such a way that - as a result of a suitable adjustment of the spring element to the counterforce exerted on the piston element by the pressure in the control chamber - manual actuation of the mechanical actuation input is only possible up to a predetermined pressure level in the control chamber leads to a displacement of the valve body, opening the relief valve, whereas if the pressure in the control chamber is above the specified pressure level, manual actuation of the mechanical actuation input leads to compression of the spring element - with the position of the valve body remaining unchanged and the relief valve thus remaining closed.
  • a safety function is integrated in the smallest of spaces in the unlocking valve unit, which prevents hydraulic fluid from flowing directly from the lifting working chamber of the linear actuator into the receiving chamber for hydraulic fluid when the patient bed is loaded - via an open relief valve - and the patient bed sagging rapidly.
  • the piston element and the valve body are part of a rigid valve body assembly.
  • the piston element can be firmly attached to the valve body (by screwing, pressing on or some other joining technique). With such a connection, the movements of the piston element and Valve body coupled directly.
  • the risk of the switching characteristics of the unlocking valve unit changing as a result of external influences, in particular of its safety function (see above), is low on this.
  • an annular control chamber is provided, which is delimited by a piston element having an annular active surface.
  • This configuration favors the desired particularly compact, space-saving design of the unlocking valve unit.
  • the control chamber is particularly preferably delimited radially on the outside by the housing of the valve unit and radially on the inside by the valve body assembly.
  • a closing spring acting on the valve body in the sense of closing the relief valve can also be arranged in the annular control chamber. This also contributes to a particularly compact design of the entire unlocking valve unit, including the implemented safety functionality.
  • the spring element functionally downstream of the mechanical actuation input—acts on the piston element.
  • Spring element can be designed in particular as a helical spring. This can particularly preferably be dimensioned in such a way that its diameter essentially corresponds to the diameter of the—opposite—effective surface of the piston element. This favors the realization of a spring characteristic that is advantageous for the safety functionality that is essential here; and an offset between the spring force on the one hand and the hydraulic counterforce on the other hand, as is implied by the control pressure prevailing in the control chamber and acting on the effective piston area, is avoided. This is contrary to the reliability of the function.
  • the mechanical actuation input is assigned a mechanical stop which prevents further movement of the actuation input in a position in which the capacity of the spring element is not yet exhausted.
  • the stop in question is preferably implemented in or on the housing of the valve unit.
  • the valve body of the unlocking valve unit is particularly preferably assigned an actuating element which is coupled to the valve body and which can assume a position in which it opens a check valve which is located between a connection connected to the lowering working chamber of the linear actuator and the connection connected to the Recording space associated connection is arranged.
  • an actuating element can form a projection of the valve body, in particular directly be molded to this.
  • the actuating element is dimensioned such that the opening of the check valve - this is designed in a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention as a check valve with the blocking direction from the lowering working chamber to the receiving chamber - occurs slightly offset compared to the opening of the relief valve.
  • the valve body In the event of a movement of the valve body--particularly induced by activation of the mechanical actuation input--the valve body lifts off the valve seat of the relief valve in this case before the shut-off valve is also opened--somewhat delayed. If both the relief valve and the check valve are open when the valve body is in a corresponding position, the result is that the two working spaces of the linear actuator, i.e. the lifting working space and the lowering working space, are fluidically connected directly to one another through the unlocking valve unit and to the connection to the Connected receiving space for hydraulic fluid. In this way, the chassis can be both extended and retracted rapidly, bypassing the hydraulic unit, with any difference in volume change that may exist between the two working chambers being compensated for by a compensating flow from or to the receiving chamber for hydraulic fluid.
  • a flow throttle In order to influence the speed at which, when the relief valve is open, the patient bed is lowered when the chassis of the rescue couch is on the floor or the chassis is lowered when the patient couch is raised, according to yet another preferred embodiment of the invention, there is between the working space with the lifting connected port and the one with the Receiving space for the hydraulic fluid connected port (flow in series with the relief valve) arranged a flow throttle.
  • This flow throttle can in particular be ring-shaped or in the form of a plurality of ring sections, particularly preferably through an annular gap existing between the valve body and the valve housing or annular gap sections existing there.
  • the required size of the unlocking valve unit benefits from such a design in the sense that it is particularly compact.
  • the linear actuator has pressure relief, which is effective in the lifting working space of the linear actuator at its maximum volume.
  • pressure relief e.g. via relief notches
  • the linear actuator retracts slightly again, ie the permanently loadable end position deviates slightly from the maximum position defined by a stop.
  • the transport of sick or injured people (patients) in ambulances serving mobile rescue bed 1 comprises in a manner known as such a four-wheeled 2 having chassis 3 and supported by this patient bed 4. It is - for a change in the height H of the patient bed 4 above the wheels 2 - the geometry of the chassis 3 comprising a base frame B and a scissor lift structure S can be changed, specifically by means of a hydraulic drive system 5, which has a receiving space 6 for hydraulic fluid, a pressure supply unit 7 and at least one by this loadable - between the base frame B and the scissor lift structure S effective - linear actuator 8 includes.
  • the linear actuator 8 is designed as a double-acting differential cylinder 9 .
  • the rescue bed 1 corresponds to the sufficiently known prior art, so that further explanations are unnecessary.
  • This is suitable for a direct fluidic connection of the lifting working space 11 and the lowering working space 13 of the Produce linear actuator 8 with each other and with the receiving space 6 for hydraulic fluid, ie to ensure pressure equalization between lifting-working space 11, lowering-working space 13 and receiving space 6 for hydraulic fluid.
  • the unlocking valve unit 14 comprises a relief valve 16 designed as a seat valve 15, which is arranged in a flow path 17 extending from the lifting working chamber 11 to the receiving chamber 6, and a check valve 19 designed as a pilot operated check valve 18. which is arranged in a flow path 20 extending from the lowering working space 13 to the receiving space 6 .
  • the structural design of the unlocking valve unit 14 is in 3 illustrated. It comprises a housing 21 with a receiving bore 22 serving to accommodate the valve internals. Three connections open into this, namely a lifting connection 23 which communicates with the lifting working space 11, a lowering connection 24 which communicates with the lowering working space 13 and a lowering connection 24 and a with the receiving space 6 communicating - tank connection 25.
  • a valve seat 26 of the relief valve 16 is embodied in the receiving bore 22 between the openings of the lift connection 23 and the tank connection 25 .
  • a valve body 27 that can be displaced along the axis A in the receiving bore 22 interacts with this.
  • the lift connection 23 opens into an annular control chamber 28, delimited radially on the outside by the housing 21 and radially on the inside by the valve body 27 27 removed piston element 30 is limited with an annular piston 31 guided in the receiving bore 22 in a sealing manner.
  • a closing spring 32 is arranged in the control chamber 28, which is supported on the collar 29 and - in the area of its annular hydraulic effective surface 33 - on the piston element 30 (and thus indirectly on the valve body 27, with which the piston element 30 forms a rigid valve body -Assembly 34 is firmly connected) acts in the sense of closing the relief valve 16.
  • the unlocking valve unit 14 also has a mechanical actuating input 35 in the form of a Receiving bore 22 along the Ache A slidably recorded plunger 36 on.
  • the plunger 36 is approximately cup-shaped with an actuating boss 38 protruding from the bottom 37.
  • a lever 39 acts on this, which in turn can be coupled—for example via a Bowden cable with an unlocking handle.
  • a spring element 40 is interposed between the tappet 36 and the valve body assembly 34 so that the tappet 36 can only act on the valve body assembly 34 via the spring element 40 .
  • the spring element 40 is designed as a helical spring 41 which extends between the bottom 37 of the tappet 36 and the piston element 30 of the valve body assembly 34 .
  • a step 42 formed in the receiving bore 22 represents a mechanical stop 43 for the plunger 36, which limits the path of movement of the plunger 36, specifically in a position in which the compressibility (capacity) of the helical spring 41 is not yet exhausted.
  • a valve insert 45 is accommodated in the receiving bore 22, adjacent to the sealing plug 44 inserted at the end face.
  • the check valve 18 is implemented in this, which represents the check valve 19 already mentioned above, which is arranged between the tank connection 25 and the lowering connection 24 .
  • the check valve 18 blocks the direction of flow from the lowering connection 24 to the tank connection 25. It can be unlocked mechanically.
  • the valve body 27 comprises an actuating element 46 in the form of an unlocking pin 49 that acts on the valve ball 47, when the valve body 27 is in the appropriate position, and lifts it off the seat 48.
  • control chamber 28 has such a pressure - above a predetermined pressure level - that the hydraulic force exerted on the piston element 30 is greater than the force that can be transmitted by the helical spring 41, pressing in the plunger 36 causes the helical spring 41 to be compressed Valve body assembly 34 does not move, and the relief valve 16 remains closed, as does the check valve 19.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Invalid Beds And Related Equipment (AREA)
  • Accommodation For Nursing Or Treatment Tables (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine fahrbare Rettungsliege, insbesondere zur Beförderung in Ambulanzfahrzeugen, umfassend ein Räder aufweisendes Fahrgestell und eine von diesem abgestützte Patientenliege, wobei zur Änderung der Höhenlage der Patientenliege oberhalb der Räder die Fahrgestellgeometrie mittels eines eine Druckversorgungseinheit und mindestens einen durch diese beaufschlagbaren Linearaktuator umfassenden hydraulischen Antriebssystems veränderbar ist, welches ferner eine manuell betätigbare Entriegelungs-Ventileinheit zur direkten Verbindung eines Hub-Arbeitsraumes des Linearaktuators mit einem Aufnahmeraum für Hydraulikflüssigkeit aufweist.The present invention relates to a mobile rescue stretcher, in particular for transport in ambulance vehicles, comprising a chassis having wheels and a patient stretcher supported by this, in order to change the height of the patient stretcher above the wheels, the chassis geometry is adjusted by means of a pressure supply unit and at least one linear actuator that can be acted upon by this hydraulic drive system can be changed, which also has a manually operable unlocking valve unit for direct connection of a lifting working space of the linear actuator with a receiving space for hydraulic fluid.

Fahrbare Rettungsliegen, wie sie insbesondere dem Transport von Kranken oder Verletzten zu bzw. von einem Ambulanzfahrzeug dienen, sind allgemein bekannt. Zur Verstellung der Höhe der Patientenliege, beispielsweise um diese nach dem Eintreffen des Patienten in einer Klinik dem Niveau eines Behandlungstisches anzupassen und so die Umlagerung des Patienten mit minimalem Risiko zu erleichtern, sind verschiedene Mechanismen bekannt, unter anderem, wie eingangs dargelegt, hydraulische Antriebssysteme. Diese dienen in gleicher Weise dazu, das Fahrgestell der - bereits mit seinem einem Ende in einer entsprechenden Aufnahme des Ambulanzfahrzeugs eingehängten - Rettungsliege einzufahren, wenn letztere (beladen oder unbeladen) in dem Ambulanzfahrzeug untergebracht werden soll. Zum Stand der Technik ist beispielsweise zu verweisen auf die folgenden Dokumente: WO 2016/076908 A1 , WO 2011/088169 A1 , WO 2014/134321 A1 , WO 2005/122989 A1 , WO 2006/004820 A1 , WO 2015/073792 A2 , WO 2014/089180 A1 , WO 2011/041170 A2 , WO 2009/085332 A1 und WO 2006/036980 A1 .Mobile rescue couches, such as those used in particular to transport sick or injured people to or from an ambulance vehicle, are generally known. Various mechanisms are known for adjusting the height of the patient bed, for example in order to adjust it to the level of a treatment table after the patient has arrived in a clinic, and thus to facilitate the transfer of the patient with minimal risk, including, as explained above, hydraulic drive systems. These are used in the same way to retract the chassis of the rescue couch—already suspended with one end in a corresponding receptacle of the ambulance vehicle—when the latter (loaded or unloaded) is to be accommodated in the ambulance vehicle. The state of the art is for example, to refer to the following documents: WO 2016/076908 A1 , WO 2011/088169 A1 , WO 2014/134321 A1 , WO 2005/122989 A1 , WO 2006/004820 A1 , WO 2015/073792 A2 , WO 2014/089180 A1 , WO 2011/041170 A2 , WO 2009/085332 A1 and WO 2006/036980 A1 .

Dass sich - bei gattungsgemäß ausgeführten fahrbaren Rettungsliegen - mittels einer manuell betätigbaren Entriegelungs-Ventileinheit eine direkte Verbindung eines Hub-Arbeitsraumes des Linearaktuators mit einem Aufnahmeraum für Hydraulikflüssigkeit herstellen lässt, dient der - auf dem Gebiet der Notfallmedizin eminent wichtigen - Zeitersparnis; denn beispielsweise lässt sich so zum rapiden Einfahren des Fahrgestells die Patientenliege mehr oder weniger schlagartig absenken, wenn die unbeladene Rettungsliege in dem Ambulanzfahrzeug zu verstauen ist. Eine solche manuell betätigbare Entriegelungs-Ventileinheit zur direkten Verbindung eines Hub-Arbeitsraumes des Linearaktuators mit einem Aufnahmeraum für Hydraulikflüssigkeit ist allerdings insoweit heikel, als ihre Betätigung bei einer beladenen Patientenliege für den betreffenden Patienten das Risiko ernsthafter Verletzungen birgt. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurden bereits verschiedene Ansätze vorgeschlagen, die die unbeabsichtigte Betätigung der Entriegelungs-Ventileinheit unterbinden sollen (vgl. beispielsweise US 7389552 B1 , WO 2014/089180 A1 , US 7398571 B2 und WO 2006/036980 A1 ). Diese Ansätze haben sich allerdings in der Praxis als nicht optimal erwiesen. Einer der Nachteile ist der benötigte Bauraum für die entsprechende Mechanik.The fact that - in the case of mobile rescue couches of the generic type - a direct connection between a lifting working space of the linear actuator and a receiving space for hydraulic fluid can be established by means of a manually operable unlocking valve unit serves to save time - which is extremely important in the field of emergency medicine; because, for example, the patient couch can be lowered more or less abruptly in order to rapidly retract the chassis if the unloaded rescue couch is to be stowed in the ambulance vehicle. However, such a manually operable unlocking valve unit for directly connecting a lifting working space of the linear actuator to a receiving space for hydraulic fluid is tricky insofar as its operation on a loaded patient bed involves the risk of serious injury for the patient concerned. Against this background, various approaches have already been proposed which are intended to prevent the unintentional actuation of the unlocking valve unit (cf., for example US7389552B1 , WO 2014/089180 A1 , US7398571B2 and WO 2006/036980 A1 ). In practice, however, these approaches have proven to be suboptimal. One of the disadvantages is the space required for the corresponding mechanics.

Die vorliegende Erfindung hat sich zur Aufgabe gemacht, eine gattungsgemäße fahrbare Rettungsliege bereitzustellen, die gegenüber dem Stand der Technik hinsichtlich ihrer Praxistauglichkeit verbessert ist. Insbesondere soll angesichts dessen, dass bei fahrbaren Rettungsliegen der hier in Rede stehenden Art der Bauraum besonders knapp ist, der für die manuell betätigbare Entriegelungs-Ventileinheit und deren Betätigungsmechanik benötigte Platzbedarf besonders gering ausfallen, und zwar bei einem hohen Sicherheitsniveau hinsichtlich möglicher Fehlbetätigungen bzw. Fehlfunktionen.The present invention has set itself the task of providing a mobile rescue bed of the generic type which is improved over the prior art in terms of its suitability for use in practice. In particular, in view of the fact that the installation space is particularly tight in mobile rescue beds of the type in question here, the space required for the manually operable unlocking valve unit and its operating mechanism should be particularly small, with a high level of safety with regard to possible incorrect operations or malfunctions .

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabenstellung erfindungsgemäß dadurch, dass bei einer gattungsgemäßen fahrbaren Rettungsliege die Entriegelungs-Ventileinheit einen Steuerraum aufweist, der durch ein relativ zum Gehäuse der Ventileinheit bewegbar geführtes Kolbenelement begrenzt ist und mit dem mit dem Hub-Arbeitsraum verbundenen Anschluss kommuniziert, wobei das Kolbenelement mit einem Ventilkörper wirkverbunden ist, der mit einem zwischen dem mit dem Hub-Arbeitsraum verbundenen Anschluss und dem mit dem Aufnahmeraum verbundenen Anschluss ausgeführten Ventilsitz eines Entlastungsventils zusammenwirkt, und wobei ferner ein mechanischer Betätigungseingang der Ventileinheit unter Zwischenschaltung eines Federelements auf den Ventilkörper wirkt. Demgemäß zeichnet sich die erfindungsgemäße Rettungsliege durch eine komplexe Entriegelungs-Ventileinheit mit darin integrierter Sicherheits-Funktionalität dergestalt aus, dass der in dem Hub-Arbeitsraum des Linearaktuators des hydraulischen Antriebssystems herrschende Druck, bei dem es sich um einen Indikator für die Beladung der Patentenliege handelt, auf einen Steuerraum geschaltet ist und auf ein darin angeordnetes, mit einem Ventilkörper des Entlastungsventils verbundenes Kolbenelement wirkt. Ein mechanischer Betätigungseingang der Ventileinheit wirkt dabei dergestalt unter Zwischenschaltung eines Federelements auf den Ventilkörper, dass - infolge einer geeigneten Abstimmung des Federelements auf die durch den Druck im Steuerraum auf das Kolbenelement ausgeübte Gegenkraft - eine manuelle Betätigung des mechanischen Betätigungseingangs nur bis zu einem vorgegebenen Druckniveau in dem Steuerraum zu einer Verschiebung des Ventilkörpers unter Öffnen des Entlastungsventils führt, wohingegen bei einem oberhalb des vorgegebenen Druckniveau liegenden Druck im Steuerraum eine manuelle Betätigung des mechanischen Betätigungseingangs zu einer Kompression des Federelements - bei nicht veränderter Position des Ventilkörpers und somit weiterhin geschlossenem Entlastungsventil - führt. So ist auf engstem Raum in die Entriegelungs-Ventileinheit eine Sicherheitsfunktionalität integriert, welche verhindert, dass bei beladener Patientenliege - über ein geöffnetes Entlastungsventil - Hydraulikflüssigkeit direkt aus dem Hub-Arbeitsraum des Linearaktuators in den Aufnahmeraum für Hydraulikflüssigkeit abströmt - und die Patientenliege dabei rapide absackt.This task is solved according to the invention in that, in the case of a mobile rescue bed of this type, the unlocking valve unit has a control chamber which is delimited by a piston element which is movably guided relative to the housing of the valve unit and which communicates with the connection connected to the lifting working chamber, the piston element having is operatively connected to a valve body which interacts with a valve seat of a relief valve formed between the connection connected to the lifting working space and the connection connected to the receiving space, and wherein a mechanical actuation input of the valve unit acts on the valve body with the interposition of a spring element. Accordingly, the rescue bed according to the invention is characterized by a complex unlocking valve unit with integrated safety functionality such that the pressure prevailing in the working space of the linear actuator of the hydraulic drive system is an indicator of the loading of the patient bed is connected to a control chamber and acts on a piston element arranged therein and connected to a valve body of the relief valve. A mechanical actuation input of the valve unit acts on the valve body with the interposition of a spring element in such a way that - as a result of a suitable adjustment of the spring element to the counterforce exerted on the piston element by the pressure in the control chamber - manual actuation of the mechanical actuation input is only possible up to a predetermined pressure level in the control chamber leads to a displacement of the valve body, opening the relief valve, whereas if the pressure in the control chamber is above the specified pressure level, manual actuation of the mechanical actuation input leads to compression of the spring element - with the position of the valve body remaining unchanged and the relief valve thus remaining closed. A safety function is integrated in the smallest of spaces in the unlocking valve unit, which prevents hydraulic fluid from flowing directly from the lifting working chamber of the linear actuator into the receiving chamber for hydraulic fluid when the patient bed is loaded - via an open relief valve - and the patient bed sagging rapidly.

Gemäß einer ersten bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind das Kolbenelement und der Ventilkörpers Teil einer starren Ventilkörper-Baueinheit. So kann insbesondere das Kolbenelement (durch Verschraubung, Aufpressen oder eine sonstige Fügetechnik) fest an dem Ventilkörper angebracht sein. Durch eine derartige Verbindung sind die Bewegungen von Kolbenelement und Ventilkörper direkt gekoppelt. Die Gefahr dafür, dass sich durch äußere Einflüsse die Schaltcharakteristik der Entriegelungs-Ventileinheit, insbesondere von deren Sicherheitsfunktion (s. o.), verändert, ist auf diese gering. Unter besonderen Voraussetzungen kann allerdings durchaus auch vorteilhaft sein, beispielsweise ein gewisses Betätigungsspiel zwischen dem Kolbenelement und dem Ventilkörper zuzulassen, d. h. das Kolbenelement und den Ventilkörper nicht in einer festen Ventilkörper-Baueinheit zusammenzufassen.According to a first preferred development of the invention, the piston element and the valve body are part of a rigid valve body assembly. In particular, the piston element can be firmly attached to the valve body (by screwing, pressing on or some other joining technique). With such a connection, the movements of the piston element and Valve body coupled directly. The risk of the switching characteristics of the unlocking valve unit changing as a result of external influences, in particular of its safety function (see above), is low on this. However, under special conditions it can also be advantageous, for example, to allow a certain actuation play between the piston element and the valve body, ie not to combine the piston element and the valve body in a fixed valve body structural unit.

Eine andere bevorzugte Weiterbildung der Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass ein ringförmiger Steuerraum vorgesehen ist, welcher durch ein eine ringförmige Wirkfläche aufweisendes Kolbenelement begrenzt ist. Diese Ausgestaltung begünstigt die angestrebte besonders kompakte, raumsparende Ausführung der Entriegelungs-Ventileinheit. Im Sinne der vorstehenden Weiterbildung ist dabei der Steuerraum besonders bevorzugt radial außen von dem Gehäuse der Ventileinheit und radial innen von der Ventilkörper-Baueinheit begrenzt. In dem ringförmigen Steuerraum kann dabei insbesondere auch eine - im Sinne eines Schließens des Entlastungsventils - auf den Ventilkörper wirkende Schließfeder angeordnet sein. Auch das trägt zu einem besonders kompakten Aufbau der gesamten Entriegelungs-Ventileinheit samt der implementierten Sicherheitsfunktionalität bei.Another preferred development of the invention is characterized in that an annular control chamber is provided, which is delimited by a piston element having an annular active surface. This configuration favors the desired particularly compact, space-saving design of the unlocking valve unit. In terms of the above development, the control chamber is particularly preferably delimited radially on the outside by the housing of the valve unit and radially on the inside by the valve body assembly. In particular, a closing spring acting on the valve body in the sense of closing the relief valve can also be arranged in the annular control chamber. This also contributes to a particularly compact design of the entire unlocking valve unit, including the implemented safety functionality.

Gemäß einer abermals anderen bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung wirkt das - dem mechanischen Betätigungseingang funktional nachgeschaltete - Federelement auf das Kolbenelement. Dabei kann das Federelement insbesondere als Schraubenfeder ausgeführt sein. Diese kann besonders bevorzugt so dimensioniert sein, dass ihr Durchmesser im Wesentlichen dem Durchmesser der - gegenüberliegenden - Wirkfläche des Kolbenelements entspricht. Dies begünstigt die Realisierung einer für die hier wesentliche Sicherheitsfunktionalität vorteilhaften Federcharakteristik; und zudem wird ein Versatz zwischen Federkraft einerseits und hydraulischer Gegenkraft, wie sie durch den im Steuerraum herrschenden, auf die wirksame Kolbenfläche wirkenden Steuerdruck impliziert wird, andererseits vermieden. Dies kommt der Zuverlässigkeit der Funktion entgegen.According to yet another preferred development of the invention, the spring element—functionally downstream of the mechanical actuation input—acts on the piston element. It can Spring element can be designed in particular as a helical spring. This can particularly preferably be dimensioned in such a way that its diameter essentially corresponds to the diameter of the—opposite—effective surface of the piston element. This favors the realization of a spring characteristic that is advantageous for the safety functionality that is essential here; and an offset between the spring force on the one hand and the hydraulic counterforce on the other hand, as is implied by the control pressure prevailing in the control chamber and acting on the effective piston area, is avoided. This is contrary to the reliability of the function.

Ebenfalls im Hinblick auf die Zuverlässigkeit der Sicherheitsfunktion ist von Vorteil, wenn dem mechanischen Betätigungseingang ein mechanischer Anschlag zugeordnet ist, welcher eine weitergehende Bewegung des Betätigungseingangs in einer Stellung verhindert, in der die Kapazität des Federelements noch nicht ausgeschöpft ist. Der betreffende Anschlag ist bevorzugt in bzw. an dem Gehäuse der Ventileinheit ausgeführt.Also with regard to the reliability of the safety function, it is advantageous if the mechanical actuation input is assigned a mechanical stop which prevents further movement of the actuation input in a position in which the capacity of the spring element is not yet exhausted. The stop in question is preferably implemented in or on the housing of the valve unit.

Besonders bevorzugt ist bei der erfindungsgemäßen Rettungsliege dem Ventilkörper der Entriegelungs-Ventileinheit ein mit dem Ventilkörper gekoppeltes Betätigungselement zugeordnet, welches eine Stellung einnehmen kann, in der es ein Sperrventil öffnet, welches zwischen einem mit dem Senk-Arbeitsraum des Linearaktuators verbundenen Anschluss und dem mit dem Aufnahmeraum verbundenen Anschluss angeordnet ist. Namentlich kann ein solches Betätigungselement einen Vorsprung des Ventilkörpers bilden, insbesondere direkt an diesem angeformt sein. Besonders bevorzugt ist das Betätigungselement dabei so dimensioniert, dass das Öffnen des Sperrventils - dieses ist in besonders bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung als Rückschlagventil mit Sperr-Richtung vom Senk-Arbeitsraum zum Aufnahmeraum ausgeführt - geringfügig versetzt erfolgt gegenüber dem Öffnen des Entlastungsventils. Bei einer - insbesondere durch Aktivierung des mechanischen Betätigungseingangs induzierten - Bewegung des Ventilkörpers hebt in diesem Falle der Ventilkörper von dem Ventilsitz des Entlastungsventils ab, bevor - etwas verzögert - auch das Sperrventil geöffnet wird. Sind bei einer entsprechenden Stellung des Ventilkörpers sowohl das Entlastungsventil als auch das Sperrventil geöffnet, sind im Ergebnis die beiden Arbeitsräume des Linearaktuators, d. h. der Heben-Arbeitsraum und der Senken-Arbeitsraum, durch die Entriegelungs-Ventileinheit hindurch strömungstechnisch direkt miteinander sowie mit dem Anschluss zum Aufnahmeraum für Hydraulikflüssigkeit verbunden. So kann das Fahrwerk unter Umgehung des Hydraulikaggregats rapide sowohl aus- als auch eingefahren werden, wobei eine dabei ggf. zwischen den beiden Arbeitsräumen bestehende Volumenänderungsdifferenz durch eine Ausgleichsströmung vom bzw. zum Aufnahmeraum für Hydraulikflüssigkeit kompensiert wird.In the rescue stretcher according to the invention, the valve body of the unlocking valve unit is particularly preferably assigned an actuating element which is coupled to the valve body and which can assume a position in which it opens a check valve which is located between a connection connected to the lowering working chamber of the linear actuator and the connection connected to the Recording space associated connection is arranged. In particular, such an actuating element can form a projection of the valve body, in particular directly be molded to this. Particularly preferably, the actuating element is dimensioned such that the opening of the check valve - this is designed in a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention as a check valve with the blocking direction from the lowering working chamber to the receiving chamber - occurs slightly offset compared to the opening of the relief valve. In the event of a movement of the valve body--particularly induced by activation of the mechanical actuation input--the valve body lifts off the valve seat of the relief valve in this case before the shut-off valve is also opened--somewhat delayed. If both the relief valve and the check valve are open when the valve body is in a corresponding position, the result is that the two working spaces of the linear actuator, i.e. the lifting working space and the lowering working space, are fluidically connected directly to one another through the unlocking valve unit and to the connection to the Connected receiving space for hydraulic fluid. In this way, the chassis can be both extended and retracted rapidly, bypassing the hydraulic unit, with any difference in volume change that may exist between the two working chambers being compensated for by a compensating flow from or to the receiving chamber for hydraulic fluid.

Zur Beeinflussung der Geschwindigkeit, mit welcher sich, wenn das Entlastungsventil geöffnet ist, bei auf dem Boden aufstehendem Fahrgestell der Rettungsliege die Patientenliege bzw. bei angehobener Patientenliege das Fahrgestell absenkt, ist gemäß einer wiederum anderen bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung zwischen dem mit dem Hub-Arbeitsraum verbundenen Anschluss und dem mit dem Aufnahmeraum für die Hydraulikflüssigkeit verbundenen Anschluss (strömungstechnisch in Reihe zu dem Entlastungsventil) eine Strömungsdrossel angeordnet. Diese Strömungsdrossel kann insbesondere ringförmig oder in Form mehrerer Ringabschnitte ausgeführt sein, und zwar besonders bevorzugt durch einen zwischen dem Ventilkörper und dem Ventilgehäuse bestehenden Ringspalt bzw. dort bestehende Ringspaltabschnitte. Erneut profitiert von einer solchen Ausführung die erforderliche Baugröße der Entriegelungs-Ventileinheit in dem Sinne, dass diese besonders kompakt ist.In order to influence the speed at which, when the relief valve is open, the patient bed is lowered when the chassis of the rescue couch is on the floor or the chassis is lowered when the patient couch is raised, according to yet another preferred embodiment of the invention, there is between the working space with the lifting connected port and the one with the Receiving space for the hydraulic fluid connected port (flow in series with the relief valve) arranged a flow throttle. This flow throttle can in particular be ring-shaped or in the form of a plurality of ring sections, particularly preferably through an annular gap existing between the valve body and the valve housing or annular gap sections existing there. Again, the required size of the unlocking valve unit benefits from such a design in the sense that it is particularly compact.

Schließlich ist gemäß einer wiederum anderen bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass der Linearaktuator eine Druckentlastung aufweist, die bei dem Hub-Arbeitsraum des Linearaktuators bei dessen maximalem Volumen wirksam ist. Mit anderen Worten baut sich, wenn die Patientenliege unter Einsatz des hydraulischen Antriebssystems aktiv in ihre maximal angehobene Stellung gebracht wird, über die besagte Druckentlastung der Druck in dem Hub-Arbeitsraum ab. Es bleibt also in dem Hub-Arbeitsraum nicht der beim Erreichen der maximal angehobenen Position der Patientenliege herrschende Druck bestehen. Für einen solchen Druckabbau sind an Hydraulikzylindern einzusetzende Endlagen-Entlastungen (z. B. über Entlastungskerben) bekannt. Der Linearaktuator fährt im Rahmen einer solchen Entlastung wieder geringfügig ein, d. h. die dauerbelastbare Endstellung weicht geringfügig von der durch einen Anschlag definierten Maximalstellung ab.Finally, according to yet another preferred development of the invention, it is provided that the linear actuator has pressure relief, which is effective in the lifting working space of the linear actuator at its maximum volume. In other words, when the patient couch is actively brought into its maximally raised position using the hydraulic drive system, the pressure in the lifting working space is reduced via said pressure relief. The pressure that prevails when the patient couch reaches the maximum raised position does not remain in the lifting working space. End position relief (e.g. via relief notches) to be used on hydraulic cylinders are known for such a pressure reduction. Within the scope of such a relief, the linear actuator retracts slightly again, ie the permanently loadable end position deviates slightly from the maximum position defined by a stop.

Im Folgenden wird die vorliegende Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung veranschaulichten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Dabei zeigen

Fig. 1
eine hinsichtlich ihres prinzipiellen Aufbaus veranschaulichte fahrbare Rettungsliege mit einem der Veränderung der Höhe der Patientenliege dienenden hydraulischen Antriebssystem,
Fig. 2
einen Schaltplan zu dem Hydrauliksystem der Rettungsliege nach Fig. 1 und
Fig. 3
einen Schnitt durch die bei dem Hydrauliksystem nach Fig. 2 eingesetzte Entriegelungs-Ventileinheit.
The present invention is explained in more detail below using a preferred exemplary embodiment illustrated in the drawing. show it
1
a mobile rescue couch illustrated in terms of its basic structure with a hydraulic drive system used to change the height of the patient couch,
2
a circuit diagram for the hydraulic system of the rescue stretcher 1 and
3
a section through the at the hydraulic system 2 used unlocking valve unit.

Die in Fig. 1 - in ihrer vollständig aufgerichteten Konfiguration - veranschaulichte, insbesondere der Beförderung von kranken oder verletzten Personen (Patienten) in Ambulanzfahrzeugen dienende fahrbare Rettungsliege 1 umfasst in als solches bekannter Weise ein vier Räder 2 aufweisendes Fahrgestell 3 und eine von diesem abgestützte Patientenliege 4. Dabei ist - für eine Änderung der Höhenlage H der Patientenliege 4 oberhalb der Räder 2 - die Geometrie des einen Basisrahmen B und eine Scherenheberstruktur S umfassenden Fahrgestells 3 veränderbar, und zwar mittels eines hydraulischen Antriebssystems 5, welches einen Aufnahmeraum 6 für Hydraulikflüssigkeit, eine Druckversorgungseinheit 7 und mindestens einen durch diese beaufschlagbaren - zwischen dem Basisrahmen B und der Scherenheberstruktur S wirksamen - Linearaktuator 8 umfasst. Der Linearaktuator 8 ist als doppeltwirkender Differentialzylinder 9 ausgeführt. Dieser ist dabei so eingebaut, dass der Kolbenarbeitsraum 10 den Hub-Arbeitsraum 11 bildet, d. h. dass eine Druckbeaufschlagung des Kolbenarbeitsraumes 10 im Sinne eines Anhebens der Patientenliege 4 wirkt. Umgekehrt bildet der Kolbenstangenarbeitsraum 12 den Senk-Arbeitsraum 13, d. h. eine Druckbeaufschlagung des Kolbenstangenarbeitsraumes 12 wirkt im Sinne eines Absenkens der Patientenliege 4. In diesem Umfang entspricht die Rettungsliege 1 dem hinreichend bekannten Stand der Technik, so dass sich weitergehende Erläuterungen erübrigen.In the 1 - In its fully erected configuration - illustrated, in particular the transport of sick or injured people (patients) in ambulances serving mobile rescue bed 1 comprises in a manner known as such a four-wheeled 2 having chassis 3 and supported by this patient bed 4. It is - for a change in the height H of the patient bed 4 above the wheels 2 - the geometry of the chassis 3 comprising a base frame B and a scissor lift structure S can be changed, specifically by means of a hydraulic drive system 5, which has a receiving space 6 for hydraulic fluid, a pressure supply unit 7 and at least one by this loadable - between the base frame B and the scissor lift structure S effective - linear actuator 8 includes. The linear actuator 8 is designed as a double-acting differential cylinder 9 . This is installed in such a way that the piston working chamber 10 forms the lifting working chamber 11, ie that pressurization of the piston working chamber 10 has the effect of raising the patient bed 4 . Conversely, the piston rod working space 12 forms the lowering working space 13, ie pressurization of the piston rod working space 12 acts to lower the patient bed 4. In this respect, the rescue bed 1 corresponds to the sufficiently known prior art, so that further explanations are unnecessary.

Das Hydrauliksystem, auf dessen - sich ohne weiteres der Fig. 2 entnehmbare - sonstige, über die nachfolgenden Erläuterungen hinausgehende Ausgestaltung im Detail es für die vorliegende Erfindung nicht ankommt, umfasst weiterhin eine manuell betätigbare Entriegelungs-Ventileinheit 14. Diese ist geeignet, eine direkte strömungstechnische Verbindung des Hub-Arbeitsraumes 11 und des Senk-Arbeitsraumes 13 des Linearaktuators 8 untereinander sowie mit dem Aufnahmeraum 6 für Hydraulikflüssigkeit herzustellen, d. h. für einen Druckausgleich zwischen Hub-Arbeitsraum 11, Senk-Arbeitsraum 13 und Aufnahmeraum 6 für Hydraulikflüssigkeit zu sorgen. In funktionaler Hinsicht umfasst die Entriegelungs-Ventileinheit 14 dabei ein - als Sitzventil 15 ausgeführtes - Entlastungsventil 16, das in einem sich vom Hub-Arbeitsraum 11 zum Aufnahmeraum 6 erstreckenden Strömungspfad 17 angeordnet ist, sowie ein - als entsperrbares Rückschlagventil 18 ausgeführtes - Sperrventil 19, welches in einem sich vom Senk-Arbeitsraum 13 zum Aufnahmeraum 6 erstreckenden Strömungspfad 20 angeordnet ist.The hydraulic system on which - can be readily referred to 2 removable - other design that goes beyond the following explanations in detail, it is not important for the present invention, also includes a manually operable unlocking valve unit 14. This is suitable for a direct fluidic connection of the lifting working space 11 and the lowering working space 13 of the Produce linear actuator 8 with each other and with the receiving space 6 for hydraulic fluid, ie to ensure pressure equalization between lifting-working space 11, lowering-working space 13 and receiving space 6 for hydraulic fluid. From a functional point of view, the unlocking valve unit 14 comprises a relief valve 16 designed as a seat valve 15, which is arranged in a flow path 17 extending from the lifting working chamber 11 to the receiving chamber 6, and a check valve 19 designed as a pilot operated check valve 18. which is arranged in a flow path 20 extending from the lowering working space 13 to the receiving space 6 .

Die konstruktive Gestaltung der Entriegelungs-Ventileinheit 14 ist in Fig. 3 veranschaulicht. Sie umfasst ein Gehäuse 21 mit einer der Aufnahme der Ventileinbauten dienenden Aufnahmebohrung 22. In diese münden drei Anschlüsse, nämlich ein - mit dem Hub-Arbeitsraum 11 kommunizierender - Hubanschluss 23, ein - mit dem Senk-Arbeitsraum 13 kommunizierender - Senkanschluss 24 und ein - mit dem Aufnahmeraum 6 kommunizierender - Tankanschluss 25.The structural design of the unlocking valve unit 14 is in 3 illustrated. It comprises a housing 21 with a receiving bore 22 serving to accommodate the valve internals. Three connections open into this, namely a lifting connection 23 which communicates with the lifting working space 11, a lowering connection 24 which communicates with the lowering working space 13 and a lowering connection 24 and a with the receiving space 6 communicating - tank connection 25.

Zwischen den Mündungen von Hubanschluss 23 und Tankanschluss 25 ist in der Aufnahmebohrung 22 ein Ventilsitz 26 des Entlastungsventils 16 ausgeführt. Mit diesem wirkt ein in der Aufnahmebohrung 22 längs der Achse A verschiebbar Ventilkörper 27 zusammen. Der Hubanschluss 23 mündet in einen - radial außen durch das Gehäuse 21 und radial innen durch den Ventilkörper 27 begrenzten - ringförmigen Steuerraum 28. Dieser ist axial einerseits durch einen Bund 29, in dem der Ventilkörper 27 geführt ist, und andererseits durch ein an dem Ventilkörper 27 abgebrachtes Kolbenelement 30 mit einem in der Aufnahmebohrung 22 dichtend geführten Ringkolben 31 begrenzt. In dem Steuerraum 28 ist eine Schließfeder 32 angeordnet, die sich an dem Bund 29 abstützt und - im Bereich von dessen ringförmiger hydraulischer Wirkfläche 33 - auf das Kolbenelement 30 (und somit mittelbar auf den Ventilkörper 27, mit dem das Kolbenelement 30 zu einer starren Ventilkörper-Baueinheit 34 fest verbunden ist) wirkt, und zwar im Sinne eines Schließens des Entlastungsventils 16.A valve seat 26 of the relief valve 16 is embodied in the receiving bore 22 between the openings of the lift connection 23 and the tank connection 25 . A valve body 27 that can be displaced along the axis A in the receiving bore 22 interacts with this. The lift connection 23 opens into an annular control chamber 28, delimited radially on the outside by the housing 21 and radially on the inside by the valve body 27 27 removed piston element 30 is limited with an annular piston 31 guided in the receiving bore 22 in a sealing manner. A closing spring 32 is arranged in the control chamber 28, which is supported on the collar 29 and - in the area of its annular hydraulic effective surface 33 - on the piston element 30 (and thus indirectly on the valve body 27, with which the piston element 30 forms a rigid valve body -Assembly 34 is firmly connected) acts in the sense of closing the relief valve 16.

Die Entriegelungs-Ventileinheit 14 weist ferner einen mechanischen Betätigungseingang 35 in Form eines in der Aufnahmebohrung 22 längs der Ache A verschiebbar aufgenommenen Stößels 36 auf. Der Stößel 36 ist etwa tassenförmig ausgeführt mit einer von dem Boden 37 vorspringenden Betätigungswarze 38. Auf diesen wirkt ein Hebel 39, der wiederum - beispielsweise über einen Bowdenzug mit einem Entriegelungsgriff - gekoppelt sein kann. Zwischen den Stößel 36 und die Ventilkörper-Baueinheit 34 ist ein Federelement 40 zwischengeschaltet, so dass der Stößel 36 nur über das Federelement 40 auf die Ventilkörper-Baueinheit 34 einwirken kann. Das Federelement 40 ist dabei als Schraubenfeder 41 ausgeführt, die sich zwischen dem Boden 37 des Stößels 36 und dem Kolbenelement 30 der Ventilkörper-Baueinheit 34 erstreckt. Eine in der Aufnahmebohrung 22 ausgeführte Stufe 42 stellt einen mechanischen Anschlag 43 für den Stößel 36 dar, der den Bewegungsweg des Stößels 36 limitiert, und zwar in einer Stellung, in der die Kompressionsfähigkeit (Kapazität) der Schraubenfeder 41 noch nicht ausgeschöpft ist.The unlocking valve unit 14 also has a mechanical actuating input 35 in the form of a Receiving bore 22 along the Ache A slidably recorded plunger 36 on. The plunger 36 is approximately cup-shaped with an actuating boss 38 protruding from the bottom 37. A lever 39 acts on this, which in turn can be coupled—for example via a Bowden cable with an unlocking handle. A spring element 40 is interposed between the tappet 36 and the valve body assembly 34 so that the tappet 36 can only act on the valve body assembly 34 via the spring element 40 . The spring element 40 is designed as a helical spring 41 which extends between the bottom 37 of the tappet 36 and the piston element 30 of the valve body assembly 34 . A step 42 formed in the receiving bore 22 represents a mechanical stop 43 for the plunger 36, which limits the path of movement of the plunger 36, specifically in a position in which the compressibility (capacity) of the helical spring 41 is not yet exhausted.

In der Aufnahmebohrung 22 ist weiterhin, benachbart zu dem stirnseitig eingesetzten Verschlussstopfen 44, ein Ventileinsatz 45 aufgenommen. In diesem ist das Rückschlagventil 18 ausgeführt, welches das weiter oben bereits erwähnte, zwischen dem Tankanschluss 25 und dem Senkanschluss 24 angeordnete Sperrventil 19 darstellt.In addition, a valve insert 45 is accommodated in the receiving bore 22, adjacent to the sealing plug 44 inserted at the end face. The check valve 18 is implemented in this, which represents the check valve 19 already mentioned above, which is arranged between the tank connection 25 and the lowering connection 24 .

Das Rückschlagventil 18 sperrt dabei die Durchflussrichtung vom Senkanschluss 24 zum Tankanschluss 25. Es ist mechanisch entsperrbar. Hierzu umfasst der Ventilkörper 27 ein Betätigungselement 46 in Form eines - bei entsprechender Stellung des Ventilkörpers 27 - auf die Ventilkugel 47 wirkenden, diese von dem Sitz 48 abhebenden Entsperrstifts 49.The check valve 18 blocks the direction of flow from the lowering connection 24 to the tank connection 25. It can be unlocked mechanically. For this purpose, the valve body 27 comprises an actuating element 46 in the form of an unlocking pin 49 that acts on the valve ball 47, when the valve body 27 is in the appropriate position, and lifts it off the seat 48.

Sofern in dem Steuerraum 28 ein solcher - oberhalb eines vorgegebenen Druckniveaus liegender - Druck herrscht, dass die auf das Kolbenelement 30 ausgeübte hydraulische Kraft größer ist als die durch die Schraubenfeder 41 übertragbare Kraft, bewirkt ein Eindrücken des Stößels 36 ein Zusammendrücken der Schraubenfeder 41. Die Ventilkörper-Baueinheit 34 bewegt sich nicht, und das Entlastungsventil 16 bleibt geschlossen, ebenso das Sperrventil 19. Herrscht indessen in dem Steuerraum 28 ein solcher - unterhalb eines vorgegebenen Druckniveaus liegender - Druck, dass die auf das Kolbenelement 30 ausgeübte hydraulische Kraft geringer ist als die durch die Schraubenfeder 41 übertragbare Kraft, bewirkt ein Eindrücken des Stößels 36 ein Verschieben der Ventilkörper-Baueinheit 34 und infolgedessen ein Öffnen des Entlastungsventils 16 sowie des Sperrventils 19. Die fluidische Verbindung zwischen dem Hubanschluss 23 und dem Tankanschluss 25 erfolgt dabei über eine strömungstechnisch in Reihe zu dem Entlastungsventil 16 angeordnete Strömungsdrossel 50, die durch mehrere im Bereich des Bundes 29 zwischen dem Ventilkörper 27 und dem Ventilgehäuse 21 ausgeführte Ringabschnitte gebildet ist.If the control chamber 28 has such a pressure - above a predetermined pressure level - that the hydraulic force exerted on the piston element 30 is greater than the force that can be transmitted by the helical spring 41, pressing in the plunger 36 causes the helical spring 41 to be compressed Valve body assembly 34 does not move, and the relief valve 16 remains closed, as does the check valve 19. If, however, there is such a pressure in the control chamber 28 that it is below a predetermined pressure level, the hydraulic force exerted on the piston element 30 is less than the hydraulic force By means of the force that can be transmitted by the coil spring 41, pressing in the tappet 36 causes the valve body assembly 34 to be displaced and, as a result, the relief valve 16 and the check valve 19 to open in addition Relief valve 16 arranged flow throttle 50, which is formed by several running in the region of the collar 29 between the valve body 27 and the valve housing 21 ring sections.

Claims (13)

  1. Mobile rescue stretcher (1), in particular for transport in ambulance vehicles, comprising a chassis (3) having wheels (2) and a patient stretcher (4) supported by the chassis, wherein, in order to change the height position (H) of the patient stretcher (4), the chassis geometry above the wheels (2) can be changed by means of a hydraulic drive system (5) comprising a pressure supply unit (7) and at least one linear actuator (8) which can be acted upon by the pressure supply unit (7), which hydraulic drive system (5) further comprises a manually operable unlocking valve unit (14) for direct connection of a lifting working space (11) of the linear actuator (8) to a receiving space (6) for hydraulic fluid,
    characterized in that
    the unlocking valve unit (14) has a control space (28) which is bounded by a piston element (30) guided such that it can move relative to the housing (21) of the valve unit (14) and communicates with the lifting connection (23) communicating with the lifting working space (11), wherein the piston element (30) is operatively connected to a valve body (27) which cooperates with a valve seat (26) of a relief valve (16) formed between the lifting connection (23) and a tank connection (25) communicating with the receiving space (6), and wherein furthermore a mechanical actuating input (35) of the valve unit (14) acts on the valve body (27) under interposition of a spring element (40).
  2. Rescue stretcher (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston element (30) and the valve body (27) are part of a rigid valve body assembly (34).
  3. Rescue stretcher (1) according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the control space (28) is annular and is delimited by an annular active surface (33) of the piston element (30).
  4. Rescue stretcher (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the spring element (40) acts on the piston element (30).
  5. Rescue stretcher (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the mechanical actuating input (35) is associated with a mechanical stop (43) which prevents further movement of the actuating input (35) in a position in which the capacity of the spring element (40) is not yet exhausted when the relief valve (16) is closed.
  6. Rescue stretcher (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the valve body (27) is associated with an actuating element (46) coupled thereto, which can assume a position in which it opens a shut-off valve (19) arranged between a lowering connection (24) connected to the lowering working space (13) of the linear actuator (8) and a tank connection (25) connected to the receiving space (6).
  7. Rescue stretcher (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the shut-off valve (19) is formed as a check valve (18) with shut-off direction from the lowering connection (24) to the tank connection (25).
  8. Rescue stretcher (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a closing spring (32) closing the relief valve (16) acts on the valve body (27).
  9. Rescue stretcher (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the closing spring (32) is arranged in the control space (28).
  10. Rescue stretcher (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a flow restrictor (50) is arranged between the lifting connection (23) and the tank connection (25) in series with the relief valve (16) in terms of flow.
  11. Rescue stretcher (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the flow restrictor (50) is formed between the valve body (27) and the valve housing (21).
  12. Rescue stretcher (1) according to claim 10 or claim 11, characterized in that the flow restrictor (50) is arranged between the control space (28) and the relief valve (16).
  13. Rescue stretcher (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the linear actuator (8) has a pressure relief which is effective at the lifting working space (11) of the linear actuator (8) at its maximum volume.
EP19718582.0A 2018-04-19 2019-04-01 Mobile stretcher Active EP3761936B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018109352.7A DE102018109352A1 (en) 2018-04-19 2018-04-19 Mobile rescue bed
PCT/EP2019/058147 WO2019201579A1 (en) 2018-04-19 2019-04-01 Mobile stretcher

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EP3761936A1 EP3761936A1 (en) 2021-01-13
EP3761936B1 true EP3761936B1 (en) 2022-11-16

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EP19718582.0A Active EP3761936B1 (en) 2018-04-19 2019-04-01 Mobile stretcher

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US (1) US11219562B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3761936B1 (en)
CN (1) CN112118819B (en)
DE (1) DE102018109352A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2019201579A1 (en)

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DE102018109352A1 (en) * 2018-04-19 2019-10-24 HAWE Altenstadt Holding GmbH Mobile rescue bed
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DE102021209014A1 (en) 2021-08-17 2023-02-23 Hawe Hydraulik Se Hydraulic drive unit for a stretcher and stretcher with such a hydraulic drive unit

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3761936A1 (en) 2021-01-13
DE102018109352A1 (en) 2019-10-24
CN112118819A (en) 2020-12-22
WO2019201579A1 (en) 2019-10-24
US20210369513A1 (en) 2021-12-02
CN112118819B (en) 2022-11-01
US11219562B2 (en) 2022-01-11

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