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EP3670007B1 - Method for determining a state of a sorting installation, functional unit and sorting installation - Google Patents

Method for determining a state of a sorting installation, functional unit and sorting installation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3670007B1
EP3670007B1 EP18215500.2A EP18215500A EP3670007B1 EP 3670007 B1 EP3670007 B1 EP 3670007B1 EP 18215500 A EP18215500 A EP 18215500A EP 3670007 B1 EP3670007 B1 EP 3670007B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
functional unit
anomalies
unit
sorting installation
information
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18215500.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3670007A1 (en
Inventor
Andreas Gerle
Stephan Gnüchwitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Logistics GmbH
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to DK18215500.2T priority Critical patent/DK3670007T3/en
Priority to EP18215500.2A priority patent/EP3670007B1/en
Publication of EP3670007A1 publication Critical patent/EP3670007A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3670007B1 publication Critical patent/EP3670007B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C3/00—Sorting according to destination

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for determining a status of a sorting system.
  • Sorting systems are used in many areas. For example, sorting systems are used for sorting (postal) items, ie letters, parcels and/or parcels. Sorting systems are also used to sort items of luggage. In the field of logistics, sorting systems are also used to sort goods and workpieces.
  • the sorting system In order to determine the condition of a sorting system, the sorting system is generally inspected visually and, if necessary, acoustically by one person. For example, the person can walk along the sorting system, pick up optical and acoustic information and thus determine the status of the sorting system.
  • the person can identify existing and/or impending error states at an early stage. In this way, error states can be corrected at an early stage. In this way, downtimes in the sorting system can be kept as short as possible.
  • Running through the sorting system is very time-consuming. In order to reduce the expenditure of time, it is possible to position sensors, for example surveillance cameras and/or microphones, at a number of positions in space.
  • the cameras can take pictures of the sorting system at regular intervals.
  • Microphones can pick up sounds. A person can use the images and/or the sounds to determine the condition of the sorting system.
  • WO-A-2013/112561 discloses the determination of the status of container stations of a sorting system, with each container location being assigned a stationary sensor, so that a measurement can only take place at the container stations themselves.
  • the data is transmitted by functional units equipped with transceiver units and by a number of stationary communication units arranged along the transport route. Data is transmitted via infrared, so no wiring is required, but line of sight is required.
  • EP-A-3 153 939 discloses a sorting system with sensors comprised of decentralized, stationary functional units, which are therefore only able to monitor a specific part of the system.
  • EP-A-3287499 discloses a delivery vehicle with a detection unit, comprising sensors for detecting the environment with the aim of enabling safe delivery, in which collisions are avoided and the delivery vehicle reliably finds a delivery box.
  • the sensors of the detection unit enable safe delivery by detecting obstacles (vehicles, animals, traffic lights, ..., whereby the majority of these obstacles will change their position before they are passed again and the delivery vehicle will also usually drive different routes. These obstacles are therefore not comparable to anomalies in a plant.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an alternative, in particular an improved, method for determining the status of a sorting system.
  • the object is achieved by a method for determining a status of a sorting system according to claim 1, a functional unit according to claim 11, and a sorting system according to claim 12, wherein in particular a functional unit is moved over several transport routes of the sorting system and using at least one sensor of the functional unit status information of the sorting system can be determined. Anomalies in the status information are determined by means of a data processing unit of the functional unit.
  • the functional unit transmits the anomalies to an evaluation unit. According to the invention, a state of the sorting system is determined on the basis of the anomalies.
  • the status of the sorting system can be determined automatically as far as possible.
  • the status of the sorting system can be determined in a time-efficient manner.
  • sources of error when determining the status of the sorting system can be reduced.
  • the functional unit Since the functional unit is driven over the several transport routes of the sorting system, there is no need to to position several sensors of a sensor type several times, as would be necessary for positioning in space. In this way costs can be saved. Furthermore, the amount of data to be evaluated can be correspondingly smaller. In this way, the process is particularly economical.
  • a state of the sorting system can be a normal state and/or an error state, for example.
  • a determined fault state can have information about a fault type, a fault location and/or a fault time, for example.
  • the sorting system is expediently a sorting system for sorting piece goods.
  • the sorting system preferably transports the piece goods to be sorted to several/different destinations. This means that the sorting system is preferably set up to transport piece goods to different destinations. In this way, the piece goods can be sorted.
  • the sorting system can be a sorting system for sorting items of luggage and/or shipments. Shipments can be small packages, packages and/or letters, for example.
  • the sorting system can be a baggage sorting system, a parcel sorting system or the like. be.
  • the sorting system can also be a sorting system for workpieces and/or goods.
  • the functional unit is expediently a unit that is moved over several transport routes of the sorting system.
  • the functional unit can have the dimensions of a standard piece of goods, for example.
  • the functional unit can have a kind of shell, in particular a luggage shell and/or a tray.
  • the shell can, for example, carry the data processing unit of the functional unit, the at least one sensor and possibly further elements of the functional unit in its depression and/or at other suitable positions.
  • the functional unit preferably determines the status information.
  • the functional unit has a data processing unit, by means of which anomalies in the status information are determined.
  • the anomalies can be determined using predetermined rules, for example.
  • the anomalies can be determined by comparing the status data with a reference.
  • anomalies which can also be referred to as anomalies in the status information, are linked to localization information.
  • Localization information linked to an anomaly preferably indicates at which location within the sorting system the respective anomaly was determined.
  • the location information can be determined by the functional unit. Furthermore, the localization information can be determined by a system control of the sorting system. Furthermore, the localization information can be transferred to the functional unit and/or to the evaluation unit.
  • the localization information can be determined using a positioning system, in particular GPS. Furthermore, the localization information can be determined using control data from the system control. In particular, data from reading stations of the sorting system, which reading stations are preferably positioned on the transport routes, - optionally with the inclusion of time stamps - can be used to determine the localization information.
  • the localization information can be linked to the anomalies by means of the data processing unit of the functional unit.
  • the data processing unit of the functional unit can link the localization information to the anomalies.
  • the anomalies in the status information can be determined by means of the data processing unit and then the localization information can be linked to the anomalies by means of the data processing unit.
  • the localization information can be linked to the status information by means of the data processing unit of the functional unit.
  • the data processing unit of the functional unit can link the localization information to the status information.
  • the localization information can be linked to the status information using the data processing unit and the anomalies in the status information can then be determined using the data processing unit.
  • the anomalies determined are expediently already linked to the localization information when they are determined.
  • the localization information can be linked to the anomalies by means of the evaluation unit, for example using time stamps.
  • the evaluation unit can link the localization information to the anomalies.
  • the anomalies can be transmitted from the functional unit to the evaluation unit and then the localization information can be linked to the anomalies by means of the evaluation unit.
  • the functional unit is moved at least once over the several transport routes, in particular over all transport routes of the sorting system.
  • the functional unit is regularly driven over the several transport routes of the sorting system.
  • the functional unit can be driven weekly, daily and/or several times a day over the multiple transport routes of the sorting system.
  • the transport routes can be continuously traveled by the functional unit.
  • the functional unit preferably travels again along at least one of the transport routes on which at least one anomaly has occurred.
  • the functional unit can travel again those transport routes on which anomalies have occurred.
  • the functional unit when traveling again along the at least one transport route in which at least one anomaly has occurred, travels this transport route in a targeted manner.
  • the functional unit does not cover all transport routes of the sorting system when the at least one transport route in which at least one anomaly has occurred is traveled again.
  • the several transport routes of the sorting system are expediently covered in a first run of the method. It is also preferred if, in a second run of the method, the transport routes to be traveled are based on of the anomalies determined in the first run.
  • the status information of the sorting system can include at least one of the following types of information: visual information of at least one section of one of the transport routes, acoustic information of at least one section of one of the transport routes, acceleration information of the functional unit, speed information of the functional unit, vibration and/or position change information and/or temperature information.
  • the temperature information preferably includes information about a temperature of at least one element of the sorting system, for example a drive unit of the sorting system.
  • the sorting system includes all of the types of information mentioned.
  • the functional unit can have at least one of the following sensors: camera, microphone, acceleration sensor, speed sensor, gyro sensor and/or temperature sensor.
  • the anomalies are preferably transmitted from the functional unit to the evaluation unit using a wireless data connection.
  • the wireless data connection may be a connection using WLAN, Bluetooth, Near Field Communication (NFC), or the like. be.
  • the evaluation unit is preferably an evaluation unit of the sorting system.
  • the evaluation unit can include at least one computer. Furthermore, the evaluation unit can be a computer network, in particular a cloud.
  • An evaluation unit designed as a computer network can also evaluate data, in particular status information, from other sorting systems. In this way, the evaluation of the data can be improved.
  • data mining methods can be used.
  • a state of the sorting system can be determined on the basis of the anomalies, in particular by means of the evaluation unit.
  • the evaluation unit has a pattern recognition algorithm.
  • the pattern recognition algorithm can recognize at least one pattern within the anomalies.
  • a state of the sorting system can be inferred based on the recognized pattern.
  • the evaluation unit includes a self-learning system that has the pattern recognition algorithm. It is advantageous if the pattern recognition algorithm is changed over time, in particular if it is retrained.
  • the determination of the anomalies by means of the data processing unit of the functional unit can be improved by using the pattern recognition algorithm.
  • the pattern recognition algorithm can be used to determine rules according to which anomalies in the status data can be determined. These rules can be transmitted to the data processing unit of the functional unit. In this way, the detection of anomalies in the functional unit can be improved.
  • the invention is aimed at a functional unit which can be moved over several transport routes of a sorting system.
  • the functional unit has at least one sensor for determining status information of the sorting system.
  • the functional unit includes a data processing unit and a transmission unit.
  • the data processing unit is set up to determine anomalies in the status information of the sorting system.
  • the transmission unit is also set up to transmit the anomalies from the functional unit to an evaluation unit.
  • a state of the sorting system can be determined on the basis of the anomalies.
  • the functional unit according to the invention can be the functional unit mentioned above in connection with the method. Consequently, the elements of the functional unit mentioned below can be the elements previously mentioned in connection with the method.
  • the transmission unit can transmit anomalies from the functional unit to the evaluation unit at least once, in particular several times, for example regularly.
  • the transmission can take place independently of or depending on a position of the functional unit in the sorting system.
  • the functional unit can have a camera as a sensor. Furthermore, the functional unit can have a microphone as a sensor. Furthermore, the functional unit can have an acceleration sensor as a sensor. In addition, the functional unit can have a speed sensor as a sensor. Furthermore, the functional unit can have a gyro sensor as a sensor. Furthermore, the functional unit can have a temperature sensor as a sensor. Other sensors for determining status information of the sorting system are also possible.
  • the invention is directed to a sorting system with multiple transport routes and with the aforementioned, on the several transport routes of the sorting mobile functional unit. It is also preferred if the sorting system has an evaluation unit.
  • the evaluation unit is expediently set up to determine a state of the sorting system on the basis of the anomalies.
  • the sorting system according to the invention can be the sorting system mentioned above in connection with the method.
  • the sorting system preferably includes a data exchange zone.
  • the data exchange zone is preferably reachable for the functional unit.
  • the data exchange zone can be reached by the functional unit via the transport routes.
  • the functional unit in the data exchange zone can expediently be connected to the evaluation unit via a data connection.
  • the data connection is preferably a wireless data connection.
  • the wireless data connection can be a connection using WLAN, Bluetooth, Near Field Communication (NFC), or the like. be.
  • the anomalies in the status information can be transmitted from the functional unit to the evaluation unit via this data connection. Updates can also be uploaded from the evaluation unit to the functional unit, in particular to the data processing unit of the functional unit, via the data connection.
  • the sorting system includes a loading zone.
  • the charging zone can preferably be reached by the functional unit via the transport routes.
  • the charging zone is expediently set up for charging a rechargeable battery of the functional unit.
  • the rechargeable battery of the functional unit can be charged inductively in the charging zone.
  • the charging zone coincides spatially with the data exchange zone.
  • the charging zone can coincide spatially with the data exchange zone to form a data exchange and charging zone.
  • FIG 1 shows schematically a section of a sorting system 2.
  • the sorting system 2 is designed as a baggage sorting system.
  • the sorting system 2 has a number of transport routes 4 .
  • the transport routes 4 are subdivided into several transport zones 6 .
  • the transport routes 4 of different transport zones 6 are connected to one another via switches 8 of the sorting system 2 .
  • the transport routes have transport directions 10, which FIG 1 are represented by arrows.
  • the sorting system 2 has a data exchange and loading zone 12 .
  • the data exchange and charging zone 12 can be reached via the transport routes 4 .
  • the data exchange and charging zone 12 is connected to the transport routes 4 of the transport zones 6 via at least one switch 8 of the sorting system 2 .
  • a data exchange zone coincides with a charging zone.
  • the sorting system 2 also has a number of reading stations 14 .
  • the reading stations 14 are arranged, for example, at the points 8 of the sorting system 2 .
  • the reading stations 14 are each arranged in front of the switches 8 as viewed in the transport direction 10 .
  • the reading stations 14 are set up to read an identification mark 16 (cf. FIG 2 ) to recognize.
  • An identifier 16 can, for example, be a barcode, a QR code, an RFID transponder or the like. be.
  • Each reading station 14 is preferably assigned to one of the switches 8, in particular to the switch 8 arranged downstream, viewed in the transport direction 10.
  • the sorting system 2 also includes a system controller 18.
  • the system controller 18 can be used to assign a route via the transport routes 4 to each identification mark 16.
  • Elements of the sorting system 2 can be controlled using the system controller 18 .
  • the switches 8 can be controlled using the system controller 18 .
  • Drives of the sorting system 2 can also be controlled using the system controller 18 .
  • light barriers and/or the reading stations 14 of the sorting system 2 can be read using the system controller 18 .
  • the data connections 19 are shown in an example FIG 1 located between the system control 18 and one of the transport routes 4.
  • the sorting system 2 has a plurality of luggage trays 20 for receiving and transporting piece goods, in particular luggage.
  • the luggage trays 20 can be moved over the multiple transport routes 4 of the sorting system 2 .
  • the luggage shells 20 can be moved by means of conveyor belts.
  • Other means of passively moving the luggage trays 20 are also possible.
  • means for actively moving the luggage shells 20 are also possible.
  • the luggage shells 20 and/or the piece goods to be transported by means of the luggage shells 20 have identification marks 16 .
  • the sorting system 2 also has a functional unit 22 which—in a manner analogous to the luggage trays 20—can be moved over the multiple transport routes 4 of the sorting system 2 .
  • the functional unit 22 can also drive into the data exchange and charging zone 12 .
  • the sorting system also has an evaluation unit 24 .
  • the evaluation unit can be a computer or a computer network, in particular a cloud.
  • the system controller 18 can be connected to the evaluation unit 24 via a data connection 25 .
  • the functional unit 22 can be connected to the evaluation unit 24 via a data connection 24, which is in particular wireless.
  • data can be transmitted between the functional unit 22 and the evaluation unit 24 using the last-mentioned data connection 26 .
  • the functional unit 22 has the same shape and the same dimensions as a luggage shell 20. However, the functional unit 22 has additional features (cf. FIG 2 ). As a rule, the functional unit 22 is not used to transport piece goods.
  • the functional unit 22 also has an identifier 16 .
  • a route via the transport routes 4 can be determined on the basis of an identification mark 16 recognized by one of the reading stations 14 . Furthermore, based on the identified identification sign 16, a respective switch 8 can be set accordingly.
  • FIG 2 shows the functional unit 22 schematically FIG 1 .
  • the functional unit 22 has a number of sensors 28 for determining status information of the sorting system 2 .
  • the sensors 28 are set up to determine status information of the sorting system 2 .
  • the sensors 28 are: at least one camera, a microphone, an accelerometer, a gyro sensor, and a temperature sensor.
  • the temperature sensor can be an infrared sensor, for example. Additional sensors 28 can be added and/or individual sensors 28 can be omitted.
  • the functional unit 22 has a data processing unit 30 which is set up to determine anomalies in the status information of the sorting system 2 .
  • the data processing unit 30 is connected to the sensors 28 via a data link 34--here wired--in order to pick up the status data determined by the sensors 28.
  • the functional unit 22 has a transmission unit 32, which is set up to transmit the anomalies from the functional unit 22 to the in FIG 1 to transmit evaluation unit 24 shown.
  • the data processing unit 30 is connected to the transmission unit 32 via a data connection 34—here wired—in order to be able to pass on the anomalies to the transmission unit 32 .
  • the evaluation unit 24 (see FIG 1 ) of the sorting system 2 is set up to determine a state of the sorting system 2 based on the anomalies.
  • the functional unit 22 has a battery 36, i. H. a rechargeable battery 36, on.
  • the rechargeable battery 36 can supply the sensors 28, the data processing unit 30 and the transmission unit 32 with electrical energy (not explicitly shown).
  • the functional unit 22 is moved over several transport routes 4 of the sorting system 2 (cf. FIG 1 ).
  • Status information of the sorting system 2 is determined using the sensors 28 of the functional unit 22 .
  • the following status information is determined: visual information of at least one section of one of the transport routes 4 (ie preferably at least one image of at least one section of one of the transport routes 4), acoustic information of at least one section of one of the transport routes 4 (ie preferably noises and/or at least one Frequency spectrum of at least a section of one of the transport routes 4), acceleration information of the functional unit 22, vibration and/or position change information, Temperature information of an element, in particular a drive, of the sorting system 2.
  • the status information is linked to a time or a time stamp and stored within the functional unit 22 .
  • the functional unit 22 can have a timer which generates the time stamp (not shown).
  • Anomalies in the status information are determined by means of the data processing unit 30 of the functional unit 22 .
  • the functional unit 22 When the functional unit 22 has traveled the multiple transport routes 4 , the functional unit 22 can be driven into the data exchange and charging zone 12 . Alternatively, the functional unit 22 can be driven into the data exchange and charging zone 12 when the battery pack 36 assumes a critical condition.
  • a data connection 26 is established between the functional unit 22 and the evaluation unit 24 in the data exchange and charging zone 12 .
  • the data connection 26 between the functional unit 22 and the evaluation unit 24 is preferably a wireless data connection 26.
  • the anomalies are transmitted by the functional unit 22 via the data connection 26 to the evaluation unit 24 by means of the transmission unit 32 .
  • the battery 36 can be charged.
  • the anomalies transmitted to the evaluation unit 24 are linked to localization information.
  • the localization information is linked to the anomalies by the evaluation unit 24, for example using time stamps.
  • Information from the system control 18 is included in order to determine the localization information.
  • the information from the system controller 18 is/was transmitted from the system controller 18 to the evaluation unit 24 via the data connection 25 (cf. FIG 1 ).
  • it can be included when the functional unit 22 was detected by a specific reading station 14, when the system control set a switch 8 accordingly, etc.
  • the drive speeds and/or stopping times on the transport routes 4 can be included to determine the localization information.
  • a state of the sorting system 2 is determined by means of the evaluation unit 24 on the basis of the anomalies.
  • the transport routes 4 of the sorting system 2 are preferably traveled several times.
  • the evaluation unit 24 has a pattern recognition algorithm which recognizes at least one pattern within the anomalies. A state of the sorting system 2 is inferred based on the recognized pattern.
  • the determination of the anomalies by means of the data processing unit 30 of the functional unit 22 can be improved by using the pattern recognition algorithm.
  • rules can be determined using the pattern recognition algorithm, according to which the anomalies can be determined from the status information. If the functional unit 22 is in the data exchange and loading zone 12, these rules can be transmitted/loaded by the evaluation unit (24) via the data connection (26) to the functional unit (22).
  • the transport routes 4 of the sorting system 2 are traversed and in a second run of the method, the transport routes 4 to be traversed are based on the first run detected anomalies are determined.
  • the anomalies in the status data of the sorting system 2 are also determined in this second run.

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Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Ermitteln eines Zustands einer Sortieranlage.The invention relates to a method for determining a status of a sorting system.

Sortieranlagen werden in vielen Bereichen angesetzt. Beispielsweise werden Sortieranlagen zum Sortieren von (Post-) Sendungen, also von Briefen, Päckchen und/oder Paketen, eingesetzt. Weiter werden Sortieranlagen zum Sortieren von Gepäckstücken eingesetzt. Im Bereich der Logistik werden Sortieranlagen auch zum Sortieren von Waren und Werkstücken eingesetzt.Sorting systems are used in many areas. For example, sorting systems are used for sorting (postal) items, ie letters, parcels and/or parcels. Sorting systems are also used to sort items of luggage. In the field of logistics, sorting systems are also used to sort goods and workpieces.

Um den Zustand einer Sortieranlage zu ermitteln, wird die Sortieranlage in der Regel von einer Person visuell und ggf. akustisch begutachtet. Beispielsweise kann die Person an der Sortieranlage entlang laufen, optische und akustische Informationen aufnehmen und so den Zustand der Sortieranlage feststellen.In order to determine the condition of a sorting system, the sorting system is generally inspected visually and, if necessary, acoustically by one person. For example, the person can walk along the sorting system, pick up optical and acoustic information and thus determine the status of the sorting system.

Die Person kann insbesondere bestehende und/oder sich ankündigende Fehlerzustände frühzeitig erkennen. Auf diese Weise können Fehlerzustände frühzeitig behoben werden. Somit können Ausfallzeiten der Sortieranlage so gering wie möglich gehalten werden.In particular, the person can identify existing and/or impending error states at an early stage. In this way, error states can be corrected at an early stage. In this way, downtimes in the sorting system can be kept as short as possible.

Das Ablaufen der Sortieranlage ist sehr zeitaufwendig. Um den Zeitaufwand zu reduzieren, ist es möglich, an mehreren Positionen im Raum Sensoren, beispielsweise Überwachungskameras und/oder Mikrofone, zu positionieren. Die Kameras können in regelmäßigen Abständen Bilder von der Sortieranlage aufnehmen. Mikrofone können Geräusche aufnehmen. Anhand der Bilder und/oder der Geräusche kann eine Person den Zustand der Sortieranlage feststellen.Running through the sorting system is very time-consuming. In order to reduce the expenditure of time, it is possible to position sensors, for example surveillance cameras and/or microphones, at a number of positions in space. The cameras can take pictures of the sorting system at regular intervals. Microphones can pick up sounds. A person can use the images and/or the sounds to determine the condition of the sorting system.

Die manuelle Begutachtung ist jedoch stark abhängig von der Erfahrung der durchführenden Person und fehleranfällig.However, the manual assessment is highly dependent on the experience of the person carrying it out and is prone to error.

Auch ein automatischer Vergleich der aufgenommenen Bilder und/oder Geräusche mit Soll-Werten ist möglich.An automatic comparison of the recorded images and/or sounds with target values is also possible.

WO-A-2013/112561 offenbart das Ermitteln des Zustands von Behälterstationen einer Sortieranlage, wobei jeder Behälterstelle ein stationärer Sensor zugeordnet ist, so dass nur an den Behälterstationen selber eine Messung erfolgen kann. Die Datenübermittlung erfolgt durch mit Sendeempfangseinheiten ausgestattete Funktionseinheiten sowie mehrere entlang des Transportweges angeordnete, stationäre Kommunikationseinheiten. Die Datenübermittlung erfolgt über Infrarot, erfordert daher keine Verkabelung, aber eine Sichtverbindung. WO-A-2013/112561 discloses the determination of the status of container stations of a sorting system, with each container location being assigned a stationary sensor, so that a measurement can only take place at the container stations themselves. The data is transmitted by functional units equipped with transceiver units and by a number of stationary communication units arranged along the transport route. Data is transmitted via infrared, so no wiring is required, but line of sight is required.

EP-A-3 153 939 offenbart eine Sortieranlage mit von dezentralen, stationären Funktionseinheiten umfassten Sensoren, die daher nur in der Lage sind, einen bestimmten Anlagenteil zu überwachen. EP-A-3 153 939 discloses a sorting system with sensors comprised of decentralized, stationary functional units, which are therefore only able to monitor a specific part of the system.

EP-A-3287499 offenbart ein Lieferfahrzeug mit Detektionseinheit, umfassend Sensoren zur Erkennung der Umgebung mit dem Ziel, eine sichere Zulieferung zu ermöglichen, bei der Kollisionen vermieden werden und das Lieferfahrzeug eine Zustellbox zuverlässig findet. Die Sensoren der Detektionseinheit ermöglichen eine sichere Zulieferung durch Erkennen von Hindernissen (Fahrzeuge, Tiere, Ampel, ..., wobei der Großteil dieser Hindernisse bis zum nächsten Passieren ihre Position verändern werden und das Lieferfahrzeug zudem in der Regel unterschiedliche Wege fahren wird. Diese Hindernisse sind daher nicht vergleichbar mit Anomalien einer Anlage. EP-A-3287499 discloses a delivery vehicle with a detection unit, comprising sensors for detecting the environment with the aim of enabling safe delivery, in which collisions are avoided and the delivery vehicle reliably finds a delivery box. The sensors of the detection unit enable safe delivery by detecting obstacles (vehicles, animals, traffic lights, ..., whereby the majority of these obstacles will change their position before they are passed again and the delivery vehicle will also usually drive different routes. These obstacles are therefore not comparable to anomalies in a plant.

Werden Sensoren im Raum positioniert, besteht aber die Gefahr, dass die Sensoren verdeckt werden, andere Geräuschquellen die Geräusche der Sortieranlage übertönen, oder die aufgenommenen Signale anderweitig gestört werden. Außerdem müssen für jeden Sensortyp mehrere Sensoren im Raum positioniert werden, deren Signale alle ausgewertet werden müssen. Dies stellt einen vergleichsweise hohen Aufwand dar.However, if sensors are positioned in the room, there is a risk that the sensors will be covered, that other noise sources will drown out the noise from the sorting system, or that the recorded signals will be disturbed in some other way. In addition, several sensors must be positioned in space for each sensor type be whose signals all have to be evaluated. This represents a comparatively high effort.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein alternatives, insbesondere ein verbessertes, Verfahren zum Ermitteln eines Zustands einer Sortieranlage bereitzustellen.The object of the invention is to provide an alternative, in particular an improved, method for determining the status of a sorting system.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Ermitteln eines Zustands einer Sortieranlage gemäss Anspruch 1, eine Funktionseinheit gemäss Anspruch 11, sowie eine Sortieranlage gemäss Anspruch 12, wobei insbesondere eine Funktionseinheit über mehrere Transportwege der Sortieranlage gefahren wird und unter Verwendung zumindest eines Sensors der Funktionseinheit Zustandsinformationen der Sortieranlage ermittelt werden. Mittels einer Datenverarbeitungseinheit der Funktionseinheit werden Anomalien in den Zustandsinformationen ermittelt. Die Anomalien werden von der Funktionseinheit an eine Auswerteeinheit übermittelt. Anhand der Anomalien wird erfindungsgemäß ein Zustand der Sortieranlage ermittelt.The object is achieved by a method for determining a status of a sorting system according to claim 1, a functional unit according to claim 11, and a sorting system according to claim 12, wherein in particular a functional unit is moved over several transport routes of the sorting system and using at least one sensor of the functional unit status information of the sorting system can be determined. Anomalies in the status information are determined by means of a data processing unit of the functional unit. The functional unit transmits the anomalies to an evaluation unit. According to the invention, a state of the sorting system is determined on the basis of the anomalies.

Auf diese Weise kann der Zustand der Sortieranlage weitestgehend automatisch ermittelt werden. Insbesondere kann der Zustand der Sortieranlage zeiteffizient ermittelt werden. Ferner können Fehlerquellen bei der Ermittlung des Zustands der Sortieranlage reduziert werden.In this way, the status of the sorting system can be determined automatically as far as possible. In particular, the status of the sorting system can be determined in a time-efficient manner. Furthermore, sources of error when determining the status of the sorting system can be reduced.

Da die Funktionseinheit über die mehreren Transportwege der Sortieranlage gefahren werden, kann darauf verzichtet werden, mehrere Sensoren eines Sensortyps mehrmals zu positionieren, wie es bei der Positionierung im Raum nötig wäre. Auf diese Weise können Kosten gespart werden. Ferner kann entsprechend die auszuwertende Datenmenge geringer sein. Auf diese Weise ist das Verfahren besonders ökonomisch.Since the functional unit is driven over the several transport routes of the sorting system, there is no need to to position several sensors of a sensor type several times, as would be necessary for positioning in space. In this way costs can be saved. Furthermore, the amount of data to be evaluated can be correspondingly smaller. In this way, the process is particularly economical.

Ein Zustand der Sortieranlage kann beispielsweise ein Normalzustand und/oder ein Fehlerzustand sein. Ein ermittelter Fehlerzustand kann beispielsweise Informationen über eine Fehlerart, einen Fehlerort und/oder eine Fehlerzeit aufweisen.A state of the sorting system can be a normal state and/or an error state, for example. A determined fault state can have information about a fault type, a fault location and/or a fault time, for example.

Zweckmäßigerweise ist die Sortieranlage eine Sortieranlage zum Sortieren von Stückgütern. Vorzugsweise transportiert die Sortieranlage die zu sortierenden Stückgüter an mehrere/verschiedene Zielorte. Das heißt, dass die Sortieranlage vorzugsweise zum Transport von Stückgütern an verschiedene Zielorte eingerichtet ist. Auf diese Weise kann die Sortierung der Stückgüter erfolgen.The sorting system is expediently a sorting system for sorting piece goods. The sorting system preferably transports the piece goods to be sorted to several/different destinations. This means that the sorting system is preferably set up to transport piece goods to different destinations. In this way, the piece goods can be sorted.

Insbesondere kann die Sortieranlage eine Sortieranlage zum Sortieren von Gepäckstücken und/oder Sendungen sein. Sendungen können beispielsweise Päckchen, Pakete und/oder Briefe sein. Beispielsweise kann die Sortieranlage eine Gepäcksortieranlage, eine Paketsortieranlage o. Ä. sein. Weiter kann die Sortieranlage auch eine Sortieranlage von Werkstücken und/oder Waren sein.In particular, the sorting system can be a sorting system for sorting items of luggage and/or shipments. Shipments can be small packages, packages and/or letters, for example. For example, the sorting system can be a baggage sorting system, a parcel sorting system or the like. be. The sorting system can also be a sorting system for workpieces and/or goods.

Die Funktionseinheit ist zweckmäßigerweise eine Einheit, welche über mehrere Transportwege der Sortieranlage gefahren wird. Die Funktionseinheit kann beispielsweise die Abmessungen eines Standard-Stückguts aufweisen. Weiter kann die Funktionseinheit eine Art Schale, insbesondere eine Gepäckschale und/oder ein Tray, aufweisen. Die Schale kann beispielsweise in ihrer Vertiefung und/oder an anderen geeigneten Positionen die Datenverarbeitungseinheit der Funktionseinheit, den zumindest einen Sensor und ggf. weitere Elemente der Funktionseinheit tragen.The functional unit is expediently a unit that is moved over several transport routes of the sorting system. The functional unit can have the dimensions of a standard piece of goods, for example. Furthermore, the functional unit can have a kind of shell, in particular a luggage shell and/or a tray. The shell can, for example, carry the data processing unit of the functional unit, the at least one sensor and possibly further elements of the functional unit in its depression and/or at other suitable positions.

Zumindest dann, wenn die Funktionseinheit über die Transportwege der Sortieranlage bewegt wird, ermittelt die Funktionseinheit vorzugsweise die Zustandsinformationen.At least when the functional unit is moved along the transport routes of the sorting system, the functional unit preferably determines the status information.

Es ist zweckmäßig, wenn die Funktionseinheit eine Datenverarbeitungseinheit aufweist, mittels welcher Anomalien in den Zustandsinformationen ermittelt werden.It is expedient if the functional unit has a data processing unit, by means of which anomalies in the status information are determined.

Die Anomalien können beispielsweise unter Verwendung von vorgegebenen Regeln ermittelt werden. Zum Beispiel können die Anomalien mittels eines Vergleichs der Zustandsdaten mit einer Referenz ermittelt werden.The anomalies can be determined using predetermined rules, for example. For example, the anomalies can be determined by comparing the status data with a reference.

Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn zumindest die Anomalien, welche auch als Anomalien der Zustandsinformationen bezeichnet werden können, mit Lokalisierungsinformationen verknüpft werden.It is advantageous if at least the anomalies, which can also be referred to as anomalies in the status information, are linked to localization information.

Eine mit einer Anomalie verknüpfte Lokalisierungsinformation gibt vorzugsweise an, an welchem Ort innerhalb der Sortieranlage die jeweilige Anomalie ermittelt wurde.Localization information linked to an anomaly preferably indicates at which location within the sorting system the respective anomaly was determined.

Auf diese Weise kann ein Fehlerort ermittelt werden.In this way, a fault location can be determined.

Die Lokalisierungsinformationen können von der Funktionseinheit ermittelt werden. Weiter können die Lokalisierungsinformationen von einer Anlagensteuerung der Sortieranlage ermittelt werden. Ferner können die Lokalisierungsinformationen an die Funktionseinheit und/oder an die Auswerteeinheit übergeben werden.The location information can be determined by the functional unit. Furthermore, the localization information can be determined by a system control of the sorting system. Furthermore, the localization information can be transferred to the functional unit and/or to the evaluation unit.

Die Lokalisierungsinformationen können unter Verwendung eines Positionierungssystems, insbesondere von GPS, ermittelt werden. Weiter können die Lokalisierungsinformationen unter Verwendung von Steuerungsdaten der Anlagensteuerung ermittelt werden. Insbesondere können Daten von Lesestationen der Sortieranlage, welche Lesestationen vorzugsweise an den Transportwegen positioniert sind, - gegebenenfalls unter Einbeziehung von Zeitstempeln - zur Ermittlung der Lokalisierungsinformationen herangezogen werden.The localization information can be determined using a positioning system, in particular GPS. Furthermore, the localization information can be determined using control data from the system control. In particular, data from reading stations of the sorting system, which reading stations are preferably positioned on the transport routes, - optionally with the inclusion of time stamps - can be used to determine the localization information.

Die Lokalisierungsinformationen können mittels der Datenverarbeitungseinheit der Funktionseinheit mit den Anomalien verknüpft werden. Insbesondere kann die Datenverarbeitungseinheit der Funktionseinheit die Lokalisierungsinformationen mit den Anomalien verknüpfen. Beispielsweise können mittels der Datenverarbeitungseinheit die Anomalien in den Zustandsinformationen ermittelt werden und dann mittels der Datenverarbeitungseinheit die Lokalisierungsinformationen mit den Anomalien verknüpft werden.The localization information can be linked to the anomalies by means of the data processing unit of the functional unit. In particular, the data processing unit of the functional unit can link the localization information to the anomalies. For example, the anomalies in the status information can be determined by means of the data processing unit and then the localization information can be linked to the anomalies by means of the data processing unit.

Weiter können die Lokalisierungsinformationen mittels der Datenverarbeitungseinheit der Funktionseinheit mit den Zustandsinformationen verknüpft werden. Insbesondere kann die Datenverarbeitungseinheit der Funktionseinheit die Lokalisierungsinformationen mit den Zustandsinformationen verknüpfen. Beispielsweise können mittels der Datenverarbeitungseinheit die Lokalisierungsinformationen mit den Zustandsinformationen verknüpft werden und dann mittels der Datenverarbeitungseinheit die Anomalien in den Zustandsinformationen ermittelt werden. In diesem Falle sind die ermittelten Anomalien zweckmäßigerweise bereits bei ihrer Ermittlung mit den Lokalisierungsinformationen verknüpft.Furthermore, the localization information can be linked to the status information by means of the data processing unit of the functional unit. In particular, the data processing unit of the functional unit can link the localization information to the status information. For example, the localization information can be linked to the status information using the data processing unit and the anomalies in the status information can then be determined using the data processing unit. In this case, the anomalies determined are expediently already linked to the localization information when they are determined.

Ferner können die Lokalisierungsinformationen mittels der Auswerteinheit mit den Anomalien verknüpft werden, beispielsweise unter Verwendung von Zeitstempeln. Insbesondere kann die Auswerteinheit die Lokalisierungsinformationen mit den Anomalien verknüpfen. Beispielsweise können die Anomalien von der Funktionseinheit an die Auswerteeinheit übermittelt werden und dann können die Lokalisierungsinformationen mittels der Auswerteinheit mit den Anomalien verknüpft werden.Furthermore, the localization information can be linked to the anomalies by means of the evaluation unit, for example using time stamps. In particular, the evaluation unit can link the localization information to the anomalies. For example, the anomalies can be transmitted from the functional unit to the evaluation unit and then the localization information can be linked to the anomalies by means of the evaluation unit.

Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn die Funktionseinheit über die mehreren Transportwege, insbesondere über alle Transportwege der Sortieranlage, zumindest einmal gefahren wird.It is advantageous if the functional unit is moved at least once over the several transport routes, in particular over all transport routes of the sorting system.

Besonders bevorzugt ist es, wenn die Funktionseinheit regelmäßig über die mehreren Transportwege der Sortieranlage gefahren wird. Beispielsweise kann die Funktionseinheit wöchentlich, täglich und/oder mehrmals am Tag über die mehreren Transportwege der Sortieranlage gefahren werden. Weiter können die Transportwege ständig von der Funktionseinheit abgefahren werden.It is particularly preferred if the functional unit is regularly driven over the several transport routes of the sorting system. For example, the functional unit can be driven weekly, daily and/or several times a day over the multiple transport routes of the sorting system. Furthermore, the transport routes can be continuously traveled by the functional unit.

Auf diese Weise kann eine Langzeitanalyse der Zustandsdaten und/oder der Anomalien ermöglicht werden.In this way, a long-term analysis of the status data and/or the anomalies can be made possible.

Vorzugsweise fährt die Funktionseinheit zumindest einen der Transportwege, bei welchem zumindest eine Anomalie aufgetreten ist, nochmals ab. Insbesondere kann die Funktionseinheit diejenigen Transportwege, bei welchen Anomalien aufgetreten sind, nochmals abfahren.The functional unit preferably travels again along at least one of the transport routes on which at least one anomaly has occurred. In particular, the functional unit can travel again those transport routes on which anomalies have occurred.

Auf diese Weise können Bereiche der Sortieranlage, in denen Anomalien auftreten, besonders überwacht werden.In this way, areas of the sorting system in which anomalies occur can be specially monitored.

Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn die Funktionseinheit beim nochmaligen Abfahren des zumindest einen Transportwegs, bei welchem zumindest eine Anomalie aufgetreten ist, gezielt diesen Transportweg abfährt. Insbesondere ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Funktionseinheit beim nochmaligen Abfahren des zumindest einen Transportwegs, bei welchem zumindest eine Anomalie aufgetreten ist, nicht alle Transportwege der Sortieranlage abgefahren werden.It is advantageous if the functional unit, when traveling again along the at least one transport route in which at least one anomaly has occurred, travels this transport route in a targeted manner. In particular, it is advantageous if the functional unit does not cover all transport routes of the sorting system when the at least one transport route in which at least one anomaly has occurred is traveled again.

Auf diese Weise kann die zum Abfahren benötigte Zeit und/oder die abzufahrende Strecke reduziert werden.In this way, the time required for travel and/or the distance to be traveled can be reduced.

Zweckmäßigerweise werden bei einem ersten Durchlauf des Verfahrens die mehreren Transportwege der Sortieranlage abgefahren. Weiter ist es bevorzugt, wenn bei einem zweiten Durchlauf des Verfahrens die abzufahrenden Transportwege anhand der im ersten Durchlauf ermittelten Anomalien ermittelt werden.The several transport routes of the sorting system are expediently covered in a first run of the method. It is also preferred if, in a second run of the method, the transport routes to be traveled are based on of the anomalies determined in the first run.

Auf diese Weise können Bereiche der Sortieranlage, in denen Anomalien auftreten, besonders überwacht werden. Weiter kann/können auf diese Weise die zum Abfahren benötigte Zeit und/oder die abzufahrende Strecke reduziert werden.In this way, areas of the sorting system in which anomalies occur can be specially monitored. Furthermore, the time required for travel and/or the distance to be traveled can be reduced in this way.

Die Zustandsinformationen der Sortieranlage können zumindest einen der folgenden Informationstypen umfassen: visuelle Informationen zumindest eines Abschnitts eines der Transportwege, akustische Informationen zumindest eines Abschnitts eines der Transportwege, Beschleunigungsinformation der Funktionseinheit, Geschwindigkeitsinformationen der Funktionseinheit, Erschütterungs- und/oder Lageänderungsinformationen und/oder Temperaturinformationen. Die Temperaturinformationen umfassen vorzugsweise Informationen über eine Temperatur zumindest eines Elements der Sortieranlage, beispielsweise einer Antriebseinheit der Sortieranlage.The status information of the sorting system can include at least one of the following types of information: visual information of at least one section of one of the transport routes, acoustic information of at least one section of one of the transport routes, acceleration information of the functional unit, speed information of the functional unit, vibration and/or position change information and/or temperature information. The temperature information preferably includes information about a temperature of at least one element of the sorting system, for example a drive unit of the sorting system.

Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn die Sortieranlage alle der genannten Informationstypen umfasst.It is advantageous if the sorting system includes all of the types of information mentioned.

Das heißt, dass die Funktionseinheit zumindest einen der folgenden Sensoren aufweisen kann: Kamera, Mikrofon, Beschleunigungssensor, Geschwindigkeitssensor, Gyro-Sensor und/oder Temperatursensor.This means that the functional unit can have at least one of the following sensors: camera, microphone, acceleration sensor, speed sensor, gyro sensor and/or temperature sensor.

Vorzugsweise werden die Anomalien von der Funktionseinheit an die Auswerteeinheit unter Verwendung einer drahtlosen Datenverbindung übermittelt. Die drahtlose Datenverbindung kann zum Beispiel eine Verbindung unter Verwendung von WLAN, Bluetooth, Near Feld Communication (NFC) ö. Ä. sein.The anomalies are preferably transmitted from the functional unit to the evaluation unit using a wireless data connection. For example, the wireless data connection may be a connection using WLAN, Bluetooth, Near Field Communication (NFC), or the like. be.

Die Auswerteeinheit ist vorzugsweise eine Auswerteeinheit der Sortieranlage.The evaluation unit is preferably an evaluation unit of the sorting system.

Die Auswerteeinheit kann zumindest einen Rechner umfassen. Weiter kann die Auswerteeinheit ein Rechnernetzwerk, insbesondere eine Cloud, sein.The evaluation unit can include at least one computer. Furthermore, the evaluation unit can be a computer network, in particular a cloud.

Eine als Rechnernetzwerk ausgeführte Auswerteeinheit kann auch Daten, insbesondere Zustandsinformationen, anderer Sortieranlagen auswerten. Auf diese Weise kann die Auswertung der Daten verbessert werden. Insbesondere können Methoden des Data-Minings angewandt werden.An evaluation unit designed as a computer network can also evaluate data, in particular status information, from other sorting systems. In this way, the evaluation of the data can be improved. In particular, data mining methods can be used.

Anhand der Anomalien kann insbesondere mittels der Auswerteeinheit ein Zustand der Sortieranlage ermittelt werden.A state of the sorting system can be determined on the basis of the anomalies, in particular by means of the evaluation unit.

Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn die Auswerteeinheit einen Mustererkennungsalgorithmus aufweist. Der Mustererkennungsalgorithmus kann zumindest ein Muster innerhalb der Anomalien erkennen. Anhand des erkannten Musters kann auf einen Zustand der Sortieranlage geschlossen werden.It is advantageous if the evaluation unit has a pattern recognition algorithm. The pattern recognition algorithm can recognize at least one pattern within the anomalies. A state of the sorting system can be inferred based on the recognized pattern.

Beispielsweise umfasst die Auswerteeinheit ein selbstlernendes System, welches den Mustererkennungsalgorithmus aufweist. Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn der Mustererkennungsalgorithmus mit der Zeit verändert, insbesondere nachtrainiert, wird.For example, the evaluation unit includes a self-learning system that has the pattern recognition algorithm. It is advantageous if the pattern recognition algorithm is changed over time, in particular if it is retrained.

Unter Verwendung des Mustererkennungsalgorithmus kann die Ermittlung der Anomalien mittels der Datenverarbeitungseinheit der Funktionseinheit verbessert werden.The determination of the anomalies by means of the data processing unit of the functional unit can be improved by using the pattern recognition algorithm.

Insbesondere können anhand des Mustererkennungsalgorithmus Regeln ermittelt werden, nach welchen Anomalien in den Zustandsdaten ermittelt werden können. Diese Regeln können an die Datenverarbeitungseinheit der Funktionseinheit übermittelt werden. Auf diese Weise kann die Ermittlung von Anomalien in der Funktionseinheit verbessert werden.In particular, the pattern recognition algorithm can be used to determine rules according to which anomalies in the status data can be determined. These rules can be transmitted to the data processing unit of the functional unit. In this way, the detection of anomalies in the functional unit can be improved.

Ferner ist die Erfindung gerichtet auf eine Funktionseinheit, welche über mehrere Transportwege einer Sortieranlage fahrbar ist.Furthermore, the invention is aimed at a functional unit which can be moved over several transport routes of a sorting system.

Die Funktionseinheit weist zumindest einen Sensor zur Ermittlung von Zustandsinformationen der Sortieranlage auf. Erfindungsgemäß umfasst die Funktionseinheit eine Datenverarbeitungseinheit und eine Übermittlungseinheit.The functional unit has at least one sensor for determining status information of the sorting system. According to the invention, the functional unit includes a data processing unit and a transmission unit.

Die Datenverarbeitungseinheit ist erfindungsgemäß dazu eingerichtet, Anomalien in den Zustandsinformationen der Sortieranlage zu ermitteln. Weiter ist die Übermittlungseinheit dazu eingerichtet, die Anomalien von der Funktionseinheit an eine Auswerteeinheit zu übermitteln. Anhand der Anomalien ist ein Zustand der Sortieranlage ermittelbar.According to the invention, the data processing unit is set up to determine anomalies in the status information of the sorting system. The transmission unit is also set up to transmit the anomalies from the functional unit to an evaluation unit. A state of the sorting system can be determined on the basis of the anomalies.

Die erfindungsgemäße Funktionseinheit kann die zuvor im Zusammenhang mit dem Verfahren erwähnte Funktionseinheit sein. Folglich können die nachfolgend genannten Elemente der Funktionseinheit die zuvor im Zusammenhang mit dem Verfahren erwähnten Elemente sein.The functional unit according to the invention can be the functional unit mentioned above in connection with the method. Consequently, the elements of the functional unit mentioned below can be the elements previously mentioned in connection with the method.

Die Übermittlungseinheit kann zumindest einmal, insbesondere mehrmals, beispielsweise regelmäßig, Anomalien von der Funktionseinheit an die Auswerteeinheit übermitteln. Die Übermittlung kann unabhängig oder abhängig von einer Position der Funktionseinheit in der Sortieranlage erfolgen.The transmission unit can transmit anomalies from the functional unit to the evaluation unit at least once, in particular several times, for example regularly. The transmission can take place independently of or depending on a position of the functional unit in the sorting system.

Die Funktionseinheit kann als Sensor eine Kamera aufweisen. Weiter kann die Funktionseinheit als Sensor ein Mikrofon aufweisen. Ferner kann die Funktionseinheit als Sensor einen Beschleunigungssensor aufweisen. Außerdem kann die Funktionseinheit als Sensor einen Geschwindigkeitssensor aufweisen. Weiter kann die Funktionseinheit als Sensor einen Gyro-Sensor aufweisen. Ferner kann die Funktionseinheit als Sensor einen Temperatursensor aufweisen. Auch andere Sensoren zur Ermittlung von Zustandsinformationen der Sortieranlage sind möglich.The functional unit can have a camera as a sensor. Furthermore, the functional unit can have a microphone as a sensor. Furthermore, the functional unit can have an acceleration sensor as a sensor. In addition, the functional unit can have a speed sensor as a sensor. Furthermore, the functional unit can have a gyro sensor as a sensor. Furthermore, the functional unit can have a temperature sensor as a sensor. Other sensors for determining status information of the sorting system are also possible.

Weiter ist die Erfindung gerichtet auf eine Sortieranlage mit mehreren Transportwegen und mit der zuvor genannten, über die mehreren Transportwege der Sortieranlage fahrbaren Funktionseinheit. Weiter ist es bevorzugt, wenn die Sortieranlage eine Auswerteeinheit aufweist. Zweckmäßigerweise ist die Auswerteeinheit dazu eingerichtet, anhand der Anomalien einen Zustand der Sortieranlage zu ermitteln.Next, the invention is directed to a sorting system with multiple transport routes and with the aforementioned, on the several transport routes of the sorting mobile functional unit. It is also preferred if the sorting system has an evaluation unit. The evaluation unit is expediently set up to determine a state of the sorting system on the basis of the anomalies.

Die erfindungsgemäße Sortieranlage kann die zuvor im Zusammenhang mit dem Verfahren erwähnte Sortieranlage sein.The sorting system according to the invention can be the sorting system mentioned above in connection with the method.

Vorzugsweise umfasst die Sortieranlage eine Datenaustausch-Zone. Die Datenaustausch-Zone ist vorzugsweise für die Funktionseinheit erreichbar. Insbesondere kann die Datenaustausch-Zone für die Funktionseinheit über die Transportwege erreichbar sein.The sorting system preferably includes a data exchange zone. The data exchange zone is preferably reachable for the functional unit. In particular, the data exchange zone can be reached by the functional unit via the transport routes.

Auf diese Weise reicht eine lokale Bereitstellung einer Datenverbindung, nämlich in der Datenaustausch-Zone, aus. Weiter kann auf diese Weise darauf verzichtet werden, auf den Transportwegen selbst eine Datenverbindung bereitzustellen.In this way, local provision of a data connection, namely in the data exchange zone, is sufficient. Furthermore, in this way it is possible to dispense with providing a data connection on the transport routes themselves.

Zweckmäßigerweise ist die Funktionseinheit in der Datenaustausch-Zone über eine Datenverbindung mit der Auswerteeinheit verbindbar. Die Datenverbindung ist vorzugsweise eine drahtlose Datenverbindung. Beispielsweise kann die drahtlose Datenverbindung eine Verbindung unter Verwendung von WLAN, Bluetooth, Near Feld Communication (NFC) ö. Ä. sein.The functional unit in the data exchange zone can expediently be connected to the evaluation unit via a data connection. The data connection is preferably a wireless data connection. For example, the wireless data connection can be a connection using WLAN, Bluetooth, Near Field Communication (NFC), or the like. be.

Über diese Datenverbindung können die Anomalien der Zustandsinformationen von der Funktionseinheit an die Auswerteeinheit übermittelt werden. Weiter können über die Datenverbindung Updates von der Auswerteeinheit auf die Funktionseinheit, insbesondere auf die Datenverarbeitungseinheit der Funktionseinheit, aufgespielt werden.The anomalies in the status information can be transmitted from the functional unit to the evaluation unit via this data connection. Updates can also be uploaded from the evaluation unit to the functional unit, in particular to the data processing unit of the functional unit, via the data connection.

Auf diese Weise kann auf ein händisches Entnehmen der Funktionseinheit zum Datenaustausch verzichtet werden.In this way, manual removal of the functional unit for data exchange can be dispensed with.

Weiter ist es bevorzugt, wenn die Sortieranlage eine Auflade-Zone umfasst. Die Auflade-Zone ist vorzugsweise für die Funktionseinheit über die Transportwege erreichbar.It is also preferred if the sorting system includes a loading zone. The charging zone can preferably be reached by the functional unit via the transport routes.

Zweckmäßigerweise ist die Auflade-Zone zum Aufladen eines Ackus der Funktionseinheit eingerichtet. Beispielsweise kann der Akku der Funktionseinheit in der Auflade-Zone induktiv aufladbar sein.The charging zone is expediently set up for charging a rechargeable battery of the functional unit. For example, the rechargeable battery of the functional unit can be charged inductively in the charging zone.

Auf diese Weise kann auf ein händisches Entnehmen der Funktionseinheit zum Aufladen des Akkus verzichtet werden.In this way, manual removal of the functional unit to charge the battery can be dispensed with.

In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung fällt die Auflade-Zone mit der Datenaustausch-Zone räumlich zusammen. Insbesondere kann die Auflade-Zone mit der Datenaustausch-Zone räumlich zu einer Datenaustausch-und-Auflade-Zone zusammenfallen.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the charging zone coincides spatially with the data exchange zone. In particular, the charging zone can coincide spatially with the data exchange zone to form a data exchange and charging zone.

Auf diese Weise können Datenaustausch und Aufladen des Akkus zeitgleich stattfinden. Auf diese Weise wird ein besonders zeiteffizientes Vorgehen ermöglicht.In this way, data exchange and battery charging can take place at the same time. In this way, a particularly time-efficient procedure is made possible.

Die bisher gegebene Beschreibung vorteilhafter Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung enthält zahlreiche Merkmale, die in den einzelnen Unteransprüchen teilweise zu mehreren zusammengefasst wiedergegeben sind. Diese Merkmale können jedoch zweckmäßigerweise auch einzeln betrachtet und zu sinnvollen weiteren Kombinationen zusammengefasst werden. Insbesondere sind diese Merkmale jeweils einzeln und in beliebiger geeigneter Kombination mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren, der erfindungsgemäßen Funktionseinheit und der erfindungsgemäßen Sortieranlage kombinierbar. So sind Verfahrensmerkmale auch als Eigenschaft der entsprechenden Vorrichtungseinheit gegenständlich formuliert zu sehen und umgekehrt.The description given so far of advantageous configurations of the invention contains numerous features, some of which are combined into several in the individual subclaims. However, these features can expediently also be considered individually and combined to form further meaningful combinations. In particular, these features can each be combined individually and in any suitable combination with the method according to the invention, the functional unit according to the invention and the sorting system according to the invention. Thus, method features are also to be seen formulated as a property of the corresponding device unit and vice versa.

Auch wenn in der Beschreibung bzw. in den Patentansprüchen einige Begriffe jeweils im Singular oder in Verbindung mit einem Zahlwort verwendet werden, soll der Umfang der Erfindung für diese Begriffe nicht auf den Singular oder das jeweilige Zahlwort eingeschränkt sein.Even if in the description or in the claims some terms are used in the singular or in combination with a numeral, the scope of the invention should be understood for these terms should not be limited to the singular or the respective numeral.

Die oben beschriebenen Eigenschaften, Merkmale und Vorteile dieser Erfindung sowie die Art und Weise, wie diese erreicht werden, werden klarer und deutlicher verständlich im Zusammenhang mit der folgenden Beschreibung der Ausführungsbeispiele, die im Zusammenhang mit den Zeichnungen näher erläutert werden. Die Ausführungsbeispiele dienen der Erläuterung der Erfindung und beschränken die Erfindung nicht auf die darin angegebene Kombination von Merkmalen, auch nicht in Bezug auf funktionale Merkmale.The properties, features and advantages of this invention described above, and the manner in which they are achieved, will become clearer and more clearly understood in connection with the following description of the exemplary embodiments, which are explained in more detail in connection with the drawings. The exemplary embodiments serve to explain the invention and do not restrict the invention to the combination of features specified therein, not even in relation to functional features.

Es zeigen:

FIG 1
eine Sortieranlage, und
FIG 2
die Funktionseinheit der Sortieranlage aus FIG 1.
Show it:
FIG 1
a sorting facility, and
FIG 2
the functional unit of the sorting system FIG 1 .

FIG 1 zeigt schematisch einen Abschnitt einer Sortieranlage 2. Die Sortieranlage 2 ist in diesem Beispiel als Gepäcksortieranlage ausgebildet. FIG 1 shows schematically a section of a sorting system 2. In this example, the sorting system 2 is designed as a baggage sorting system.

Die Sortieranlage 2 weist mehrere Transportwege 4 auf. Die Transportwege 4 sind in mehrere Transportzonen 6 untergliedert. Die Transportwege 4 verschiedener Transportzonen 6 sind über Weichen 8 der Sortieranlage 2 miteinander verbunden. Die Transportwege weisen Transportrichtungen 10 auf, welche in FIG 1 durch Pfeile dargestellt sind.The sorting system 2 has a number of transport routes 4 . The transport routes 4 are subdivided into several transport zones 6 . The transport routes 4 of different transport zones 6 are connected to one another via switches 8 of the sorting system 2 . The transport routes have transport directions 10, which FIG 1 are represented by arrows.

Außerdem weist die Sortieranlage 2 eine Datenaustausch-und-Auflade-Zone 12 auf. Die Datenaustausch-und-Auflade-Zone 12 ist über die Transportwege 4 erreichbar. Die Datenaustausch-und-Auflade-Zone 12 ist über zumindest eine Weiche 8 der Sortieranlage 2 mit den Transportwegen 4 der Transportzonen 6 verbunden. In der Datenaustausch-und-Auflade-Zone 12 fällt eine Datenaustausch-Zone mit einer Auflade-Zone räumlich zusammen.In addition, the sorting system 2 has a data exchange and loading zone 12 . The data exchange and charging zone 12 can be reached via the transport routes 4 . The data exchange and charging zone 12 is connected to the transport routes 4 of the transport zones 6 via at least one switch 8 of the sorting system 2 . In the data exchange and charging zone 12, a data exchange zone coincides with a charging zone.

Weiter weist die Sortieranlage 2 mehrere Lesestationen 14 auf. Die Lesestationen 14 sind zum Beispiel an den Weichen 8 der Sortieranlage 2 angeordnet. Insbesondere sind die Lesestationen 14 jeweils in Transportrichtung 10 gesehen vor den Weichen 8 angeordnet. Die Lesestationen 14 sind dazu eingerichtet, ein Identifizierungszeichen 16 (vgl. FIG 2) zu erkennen. Ein Identifizierungszeichen 16 kann beispielsweise ein Barcode, ein QR-Code, ein RFID-Transponder o. Ä. sein. Vorzugsweise ist jede Lesestation 14 jeweils einer der Weichen 8, insbesondere der in Transportrichtung 10 gesehen nachfolgend angeordneten Weiche 8, zugeordnet.The sorting system 2 also has a number of reading stations 14 . The reading stations 14 are arranged, for example, at the points 8 of the sorting system 2 . In particular, the reading stations 14 are each arranged in front of the switches 8 as viewed in the transport direction 10 . The reading stations 14 are set up to read an identification mark 16 (cf. FIG 2 ) to recognize. An identifier 16 can, for example, be a barcode, a QR code, an RFID transponder or the like. be. Each reading station 14 is preferably assigned to one of the switches 8, in particular to the switch 8 arranged downstream, viewed in the transport direction 10.

Ferner umfasst die Sortieranlage 2 eine Anlagensteuerung 18. Mittels der Anlagensteuerung 18 kann jedem Identifizierungszeichen 16 jeweils eine Route über die Transportwege 4 zugeordnet sein.The sorting system 2 also includes a system controller 18. The system controller 18 can be used to assign a route via the transport routes 4 to each identification mark 16.

Unter Verwendung der Anlagensteuerung 18 können Elemente der Sortieranlage 2 gesteuert werden. Beispielsweise können die Weichen 8 unter Verwendung der Anlagensteuerung 18 gesteuert werden. Weiter können Antriebe der Sortieranlage 2 unter Verwendung der Anlagensteuerung 18 gesteuert werden. Ferner können Lichtschranken und/oder die Lesestationen 14 der Sortieranlage 2 unter Verwendung der Anlagensteuerung 18 ausgelesen werden.Elements of the sorting system 2 can be controlled using the system controller 18 . For example, the switches 8 can be controlled using the system controller 18 . Drives of the sorting system 2 can also be controlled using the system controller 18 . Furthermore, light barriers and/or the reading stations 14 of the sorting system 2 can be read using the system controller 18 .

Zweckmäßigerweise bestehen zwischen der Anlagensteuerung 18 und den mittels der Anlagensteuerung 18 gesteuerten Elementen der Sortieranlage 2 jeweils eine Datenverbindung 19. Der Übersichtlichkeit halber ist exemplarisch nur eine einzige der Datenverbindungen 19 in FIG 1 zwischen der Anlagensteuerung 18 und einem der Transportwege 4 eingezeichnet. Beispielsweise bestehen zwischen der Anlagensteuerung 18 und den Weichen 8 und/oder den Lesestationen 14 jeweils Datenverbindungen 19.There is expediently a data connection 19 between the system controller 18 and the elements of the sorting system 2 controlled by the system controller 18. For the sake of clarity, only one of the data connections 19 is shown in an example FIG 1 located between the system control 18 and one of the transport routes 4. For example there are data connections 19 between the layout controller 18 and the switches 8 and/or the reading stations 14.

Außerdem weist die Sortieranlage 2 mehrere Gepäckschalen 20 zum Aufnehmen und Transportieren von Stückgut, insbesondere von Gepäck, auf. Die Gepäckschalen 20 sind über die mehreren Transportwege 4 der Sortieranlage 2 fahrbar. Beispielsweise können die Gepäckschalen 20 mittels Transportbändern bewegt werden. Auch andere Mittel zur passiven Bewegung der Gepäckschalen 20 sind möglich. Prinzipiell sind auch Mittel zur aktiven Bewegung der Gepäckschalen 20 möglich.In addition, the sorting system 2 has a plurality of luggage trays 20 for receiving and transporting piece goods, in particular luggage. The luggage trays 20 can be moved over the multiple transport routes 4 of the sorting system 2 . For example, the luggage shells 20 can be moved by means of conveyor belts. Other means of passively moving the luggage trays 20 are also possible. In principle, means for actively moving the luggage shells 20 are also possible.

Die Gepäckschalen 20 und/oder die mittels der Gepäckschalen 20 zu transportierenden Stückgüter weisen Identifizierungszeichen 16 auf.The luggage shells 20 and/or the piece goods to be transported by means of the luggage shells 20 have identification marks 16 .

Weiter weist die Sortieranlage 2 eine Funktionseinheit 22 auf, welche - in analoger Weise wie die Gepäckschalen 20 - über die mehreren Transportwege 4 der Sortieranlage 2 fahrbar ist. Die Funktionseinheit 22 kann außerdem in die Datenaustausch-und-Auflade-Zone 12 fahren.The sorting system 2 also has a functional unit 22 which—in a manner analogous to the luggage trays 20—can be moved over the multiple transport routes 4 of the sorting system 2 . The functional unit 22 can also drive into the data exchange and charging zone 12 .

Ferner weist die Sortieranlage eine Auswerteeinheit 24 auf. Die Auswerteeinheit kann ein Rechner oder ein Rechnernetzwerk, insbesondere eine Cloud, sein.The sorting system also has an evaluation unit 24 . The evaluation unit can be a computer or a computer network, in particular a cloud.

Die Anlagensteuerung 18 ist über eine Datenverbindung 25 mit der Auswerteeinheit 24 verbindbar.The system controller 18 can be connected to the evaluation unit 24 via a data connection 25 .

Ferner ist die Funktionseinheit 22 über eine Datenverbindung 24, welche insbesondere drahtlos ist, mit der Auswerteeinheit 24 verbindbar.Furthermore, the functional unit 22 can be connected to the evaluation unit 24 via a data connection 24, which is in particular wireless.

In der Datenaustausch-und-Auflade-Zone 12 können unter Verwendung der letztgenannten Datenverbindung 26 Daten zwischen der Funktionseinheit 22 und der Auswerteeinheit 24 übermittelt werden.In the data exchange and charging zone 12 , data can be transmitted between the functional unit 22 and the evaluation unit 24 using the last-mentioned data connection 26 .

Die Funktionseinheit 22 hat in diesem Beispiel dieselbe Form und dieselben Abmessungen wie eine Gepäckschale 20. Jedoch weist die Funktionseinheit 22 zusätzliche Merkmale auf (vgl. FIG 2). In der Regel wird die Funktionseinheit 22 nicht zum Transport von Stückgut eingesetzt.In this example, the functional unit 22 has the same shape and the same dimensions as a luggage shell 20. However, the functional unit 22 has additional features (cf. FIG 2 ). As a rule, the functional unit 22 is not used to transport piece goods.

Auch die Funktionseinheit 22 weist ein Identifizierungszeichen 16 auf.The functional unit 22 also has an identifier 16 .

Anhand eines von einer der Lesestationen 14 erkannten Identifizierungszeichens 16 kann eine Route über die Transportwege 4 ermittelt werden. Weiter kann anhand des erkannten Identifizierungszeichens 16 eine jeweilige Weiche 8 entsprechend gestellt werden.A route via the transport routes 4 can be determined on the basis of an identification mark 16 recognized by one of the reading stations 14 . Furthermore, based on the identified identification sign 16, a respective switch 8 can be set accordingly.

FIG 2 zeigt schematisch die Funktionseinheit 22 aus FIG 1. FIG 2 shows the functional unit 22 schematically FIG 1 .

Die Funktionseinheit 22 weist mehrere Sensoren 28 zur Ermittlung von Zustandsinformationen der Sortieranlage 2 auf. Insbesondere sind die Sensoren 28 zur Ermittlung von Zustandsinformationen der Sortieranlage 2 eingerichtet.The functional unit 22 has a number of sensors 28 for determining status information of the sorting system 2 . In particular, the sensors 28 are set up to determine status information of the sorting system 2 .

Die Sensoren 28 sind: zumindest eine Kamera, ein Mikrofon, ein Beschleunigungssensor, ein Gyro-Sensor und ein Temperatursensor. Der Temperatursensor kann beispielsweise ein Infrarot-Sensor sein. Es können weitere Sensoren 28 hinzukommen und/oder einzelne Sensoren 28 weggelassen werden.The sensors 28 are: at least one camera, a microphone, an accelerometer, a gyro sensor, and a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor can be an infrared sensor, for example. Additional sensors 28 can be added and/or individual sensors 28 can be omitted.

Außerdem weist die Funktionseinheit 22 eine Datenverarbeitungseinheit 30 auf, welche dazu eingerichtet ist, Anomalien in den Zustandsinformationen der Sortieranlage 2 zu ermitteln.In addition, the functional unit 22 has a data processing unit 30 which is set up to determine anomalies in the status information of the sorting system 2 .

Die Datenverarbeitungseinheit 30 ist über eine - hier kabelgebundene - Datenverbindung 34 mit den Sensoren 28 verbunden, um die mittels der Sensoren 28 ermittelten Zustandsdaten abzugreifen.The data processing unit 30 is connected to the sensors 28 via a data link 34--here wired--in order to pick up the status data determined by the sensors 28.

Ferner weist die Funktionseinheit 22 eine Übermittlungseinheit 32 auf, welche dazu eingerichtet ist, die Anomalien von der Funktionseinheit 22 an die in FIG 1 gezeigte Auswerteeinheit 24 zu übermitteln.Furthermore, the functional unit 22 has a transmission unit 32, which is set up to transmit the anomalies from the functional unit 22 to the in FIG 1 to transmit evaluation unit 24 shown.

Die Datenverarbeitungseinheit 30 ist über eine - hier kabelgebundene - Datenverbindung 34 mit der Übermittlungseinheit 32 verbunden, um die Anomalien an die Übermittlungseinheit 32 weitergeben zu können.The data processing unit 30 is connected to the transmission unit 32 via a data connection 34—here wired—in order to be able to pass on the anomalies to the transmission unit 32 .

Die Auswerteeinheit 24 (siehe FIG 1) der Sortieranlage 2 ist dazu eingerichtet, anhand der Anomalien einen Zustand der Sortieranlage 2 zu ermitteln.The evaluation unit 24 (see FIG 1 ) of the sorting system 2 is set up to determine a state of the sorting system 2 based on the anomalies.

Ferner weist die Funktionseinheit 22 einen Akku 36, d. h. eine wiederaufladbare Batterie 36, auf. Der Akku 36 kann die Sensoren 28, die Datenverarbeitungseinheit 30 und die Übermittlungseinheit 32 mit elektrischer Energie versorgen (nicht explizit gezeigt).Furthermore, the functional unit 22 has a battery 36, i. H. a rechargeable battery 36, on. The rechargeable battery 36 can supply the sensors 28, the data processing unit 30 and the transmission unit 32 with electrical energy (not explicitly shown).

Zum Ermitteln eines Zustands der Sortieranlage 2 aus FIG 1 wird die Funktionseinheit 22 über mehrere Transportwege 4 der Sortieranlage 2 gefahren (vgl. FIG 1).To determine a status of the sorting system 2 off FIG 1 the functional unit 22 is moved over several transport routes 4 of the sorting system 2 (cf. FIG 1 ).

Unter Verwendung der Sensoren 28 der Funktionseinheit 22 werden Zustandsinformationen der Sortieranlage 2 ermittelt.Status information of the sorting system 2 is determined using the sensors 28 of the functional unit 22 .

In diesem Beispiel werden folgende Zustandsinformationen ermittelt: visuelle Informationen zumindest eines Abschnitts eines der Transportwege 4 (d.h. vorzugsweise zumindest ein Bild zumindest eines Abschnitts eines der Transportwege 4), akustische Informationen zumindest eines Abschnitts eines der Transportwege 4 (d.h. vorzugsweise Geräusche und/oder zumindest ein Frequenzspektrum zumindest eines Abschnitts eines der Transportwege 4), Beschleunigungsinformationen der Funktionseinheit 22, Erschütterungs- und/oder Lageänderungsinformationen, Temperaturinformationen eines Elements, insbesondere eines Antriebs, der Sortieranlage 2.In this example, the following status information is determined: visual information of at least one section of one of the transport routes 4 (ie preferably at least one image of at least one section of one of the transport routes 4), acoustic information of at least one section of one of the transport routes 4 (ie preferably noises and/or at least one Frequency spectrum of at least a section of one of the transport routes 4), acceleration information of the functional unit 22, vibration and/or position change information, Temperature information of an element, in particular a drive, of the sorting system 2.

Die Zustandsinformationen werden mit einer Zeit bzw. einem Zeitstempel verknüpft und innerhalb der Funktionseinheit 22 gespeichert. Insbesondere kann die Funktionseinheit 22 einen Zeitgeber aufweisen, welcher den Zeitstempel erzeugt (nicht gezeigt).The status information is linked to a time or a time stamp and stored within the functional unit 22 . In particular, the functional unit 22 can have a timer which generates the time stamp (not shown).

Mittels der Datenverarbeitungseinheit 30 der Funktionseinheit 22 werden Anomalien in den Zustandsinformationen ermittelt.Anomalies in the status information are determined by means of the data processing unit 30 of the functional unit 22 .

Wenn die Funktionseinheit 22 die mehreren Transportwege 4 abgefahren hat, kann die Funktionseinheit 22 in die Datenaustausch-und-Auflade-Zone 12 gefahren werden. Alternativ kann die Funktionseinheit 22 in die Datenaustausch-und-Auflade-Zone 12 gefahren werden, wenn der Akku 36 einen kritischen Zustand annimmt.When the functional unit 22 has traveled the multiple transport routes 4 , the functional unit 22 can be driven into the data exchange and charging zone 12 . Alternatively, the functional unit 22 can be driven into the data exchange and charging zone 12 when the battery pack 36 assumes a critical condition.

In der Datenaustausch-und-Auflade-Zone 12 wird eine Datenverbindung 26 zwischen der Funktionseinheit 22 und der Auswerteeinheit 24 hergestellt. Vorzugsweise ist die Datenverbindung 26 zwischen der Funktionseinheit 22 und der Auswerteeinheit 24 eine drahtlose Datenverbindung 26.A data connection 26 is established between the functional unit 22 and the evaluation unit 24 in the data exchange and charging zone 12 . The data connection 26 between the functional unit 22 and the evaluation unit 24 is preferably a wireless data connection 26.

Die Anomalien werden mittels der Übermittlungseinheit 32 von der Funktionseinheit 22 über die Datenverbindung 26 an die Auswerteeinheit 24 übermittelt.The anomalies are transmitted by the functional unit 22 via the data connection 26 to the evaluation unit 24 by means of the transmission unit 32 .

Zeitgleich kann der Akku 36 aufgeladen werden.At the same time, the battery 36 can be charged.

Die an die Auswerteeinheit 24 übermittelten Anomalien werden mit Lokalisierungsinformationen verknüpft. Insbesondere werden die Lokalisierungsinformationen mittels der Auswerteinheit 24 mit den Anomalien verknüpft, beispielsweise unter Verwendung von Zeitstempeln.The anomalies transmitted to the evaluation unit 24 are linked to localization information. In particular, the localization information is linked to the anomalies by the evaluation unit 24, for example using time stamps.

Zur Ermittlung der Lokalisierungsinformationen werden Informationen der Anlagensteuerung 18 mit einbezogen. Die Informationen der Anlagensteuerung 18 werden/wurden von der Anlagensteuerung 18 über die Datenverbindung 25 an die Auswerteeinheit 24 übermittelt (vgl. FIG 1). Beispielsweise kann mit einbezogen werden, wann die Funktionseinheit 22 von einer bestimmten Lesestation 14 erfasst wurde, wann die Anlagensteuerung eine Weiche 8 entsprechend gestellt hat ö. Ä. Weiter können beispielsweise die Antriebsgeschwindigkeiten und/oder Stoppzeiten auf den Transportwegen 4 zur Ermittlung der Lokalisierungsinformationen mit einbezogen werden.Information from the system control 18 is included in order to determine the localization information. The information from the system controller 18 is/was transmitted from the system controller 18 to the evaluation unit 24 via the data connection 25 (cf. FIG 1 ). For example, it can be included when the functional unit 22 was detected by a specific reading station 14, when the system control set a switch 8 accordingly, etc. Furthermore, for example, the drive speeds and/or stopping times on the transport routes 4 can be included to determine the localization information.

Mittels der Auswerteeinheit 24 wird anhand der Anomalien ein Zustand der Sortieranlage 2 ermittelt wird.A state of the sorting system 2 is determined by means of the evaluation unit 24 on the basis of the anomalies.

Vorzugsweise werden die Transportwege 4 der Sortieranlage 2 mehrmals abgefahren.The transport routes 4 of the sorting system 2 are preferably traveled several times.

Die Auswerteeinheit 24 weist einen Mustererkennungsalgorithmus auf, welcher zumindest ein Muster innerhalb der Anomalien erkennt. Anhand des erkannten Musters wird auf einen Zustand der Sortieranlage 2 geschlossen.The evaluation unit 24 has a pattern recognition algorithm which recognizes at least one pattern within the anomalies. A state of the sorting system 2 is inferred based on the recognized pattern.

Unter Verwendung des Mustererkennungsalgorithmus kann die Ermittlung der Anomalien mittels der Datenverarbeitungseinheit 30 der Funktionseinheit 22 verbessert werden. Beispielsweise können unter Verwendung des Mustererkennungsalgorithmus Regeln ermittelt werden, nach welchen die Anomalien aus den Zustandsinformationen ermittelt werden können. Wenn sich die Funktionseinheit 22 in der Datenaustausch-und-Auflade-Zone 12 befindet, können diese Regeln von der Auswerteeinheit (24) über die Datenverbindung (26) an die Funktionseinheit (22) übermittelt/aufgespielt werden.The determination of the anomalies by means of the data processing unit 30 of the functional unit 22 can be improved by using the pattern recognition algorithm. For example, rules can be determined using the pattern recognition algorithm, according to which the anomalies can be determined from the status information. If the functional unit 22 is in the data exchange and loading zone 12, these rules can be transmitted/loaded by the evaluation unit (24) via the data connection (26) to the functional unit (22).

Beispielsweise werden bei einem ersten Durchlauf des Verfahrens die mehreren Transportwege 4 der Sortieranlage 2 abgefahren und bei einem zweiten Durchlauf des Verfahrens werden die abzufahrenden Transportwege 4 anhand der im ersten Durchlauf ermittelten Anomalien ermittelt werden.For example, in a first run of the method, the plurality of transport routes 4 of the sorting system 2 are traversed and in a second run of the method, the transport routes 4 to be traversed are based on the first run detected anomalies are determined.

Das heißt, diejenigen Transportwege 4, bei welchen Anomalien aufgetreten sind, werden von der Funktionseinheit 22 nochmals abgefahren.This means that those transport routes 4 on which anomalies have occurred are traveled again by the functional unit 22 .

Auch in diesem zweiten Durchlauf werden die Anomalien der Zustandsdaten der Sortieranlage 2 ermittelt.The anomalies in the status data of the sorting system 2 are also determined in this second run.

Auf diese Weise können effizient die Problemzonen der Sortieranlage 2 überwacht werden.In this way, the problem zones of the sorting system 2 can be efficiently monitored.

Obwohl die Erfindung im Detail durch die bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiele näher illustriert und beschrieben wurde, so ist die Erfindung nicht durch die offenbarten Beispiele eingeschränkt und andere Variationen können vom Fachmann hieraus abgeleitet werden, ohne den Schutzumfang der Erfindung zu verlassen.Although the invention has been illustrated and described in detail by the preferred embodiments, the invention is not limited by the disclosed examples and other variations can be derived therefrom by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.

BezugszeichenlisteReference List

22
Sortieranlagesorting plant
44
Transportwegtransport route
66
Transportzonetransport zone
88th
Weichesoft
1010
Transportrichtungtransport direction
1212
Datenaustausch-und-Auflade-ZoneData Exchange and Recharge Zone
1414
Lesestationreading station
1616
Identifizierungszeichenidentification mark
1818
Anlagensteuerungplant control
1919
DatenverbindungData Connection
2020
Gepäckschaleluggage tray
2222
Funktionseinheitfunctional unit
2424
Auswerteeinheitevaluation unit
2525
DatenverbindungData Connection
2626
DatenverbindungData Connection
2828
Sensorsensor
3030
Datenverarbeitungseinheitdata processing unit
3232
Übermittlungseinheittransmission unit
3434
DatenverbindungData Connection
3636
Akkubattery pack

Claims (15)

  1. Method for ascertaining a status of a sorting installation (2),
    in which
    - a functional unit (22) is moved over a plurality of transport paths (4) of the sorting installation (2),
    - status information of the sorting installation (2) is ascertained using at least one sensor (28) of the functional unit (22),
    - anomalies in the status information are ascertained by means of a data processing unit (30) of the functional unit (22),
    - the anomalies are transferred from the functional unit (22) to an evaluation unit (24) and
    - a status of the sorting installation (2) is ascertained on the basis of the anomalies, in particular by means of the evaluation unit (24).
  2. Method according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    at least the anomalies are linked with localisation information.
  3. Method according to claim 2,
    characterised in that
    the localisation information is linked with the anomalies and/or with the status information by means of the data processing unit (30) of the functional unit (22).
  4. Method according to claim 2,
    characterised in that
    the localisation information is linked with the anomalies by means of the evaluation unit (24), for example using timestamps.
  5. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the functional unit (22) is regularly moved over the plurality of transport paths (4) of the sorting installation.
  6. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the functional unit (22) once again moves over at least one of the transport paths (4), in which at least one anomaly has occurred, in particular once again moves over the transport paths (4), in which anomalies have occurred.
  7. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    in a first pass of the method, the plurality of transport paths (4) of the sorting installation (2) are moved over and in a second pass of the method, the transport paths (4) to be moved over are ascertained on the basis of the anomalies ascertained in the first pass.
  8. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the status information of the sorting installation (2) comprises at least one of the following information types:
    visual information of at least one section of one of the transport paths (4),
    acoustic information of at least one section of one of the transport paths (4),
    speed information of the functional unit (22), acceleration information of the functional unit (22), vibration and/or position change information, temperature information.
  9. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the evaluation unit (24) has a pattern recognition algorithm, which recognizes at least one pattern within the anomalies, wherein a status of the sorting installation (2) is inferred on the basis of the recognized pattern.
  10. Method according to claim 9,
    characterised in that
    using the pattern recognition algorithm, the ascertaining of the anomalies by means of the data processing unit (30) of the functional unit (22) is improved.
  11. Functional unit (22), which can be moved over a plurality of transport paths (4) of a sorting installation (2),
    characterised by
    at least one sensor (28) for ascertaining status information of the sorting installation (2), a data processing unit (30) and a transmission unit (32),
    wherein the data processing unit (30) is configured to ascertain anomalies in the status information of the sorting installation (2),
    and wherein the transmission unit (32) is configured to transmit the anomalies from the functional unit (22) to an evaluation unit (24), wherein a status of the sorting installation (2) can be ascertained on the basis of the anomalies.
  12. Sorting installation (2) with a plurality of transport paths (4), with the functional unit (22) according to claim 11 which is able to travel over the plurality of transport paths (4) as well as with an evaluation unit (24), which is configured to ascertain a status of the sorting installation (2) on the basis of the anomalies.
  13. Sorting installation (2) according to claim 12,
    characterised by
    a data exchange zone (12), which can be reached by the functional unit (22) via the transport paths (4) and in which the functional unit (22) can be connected to the evaluation unit (24) via a data connection (26).
  14. Sorting installation (2) according to claim 12 or 13,
    characterised by
    a charging zone (12), which can be reached by the functional unit (22) via the transport paths (4) and which is configured for charging a rechargeable battery (36) of the functional unit (22).
  15. Sorting installation (2) according to claim 13 and 14, characterised in that
    the charging zone (12) coincides with the data exchange zone (12) from a spatial perspective.
EP18215500.2A 2018-12-21 2018-12-21 Method for determining a state of a sorting installation, functional unit and sorting installation Active EP3670007B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

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DK18215500.2T DK3670007T3 (en) 2018-12-21 2018-12-21 Method for determining a state of a sorting plant, functional unit and sorting plant
EP18215500.2A EP3670007B1 (en) 2018-12-21 2018-12-21 Method for determining a state of a sorting installation, functional unit and sorting installation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Publications (2)

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EP4343649A1 (en) 2021-09-20 2024-03-27 UAB EEC Engineering Automated postal logistics module, method, and network for automated postal delivery services
US20240422293A1 (en) * 2021-10-20 2024-12-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft System and Method for Determining the Status of a Component of an Installation
CN117933846B (en) * 2024-02-01 2024-09-10 上海圆擎信息科技有限公司 E-commerce intelligent logistics distribution system and method based on big data technology

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WO2013112561A1 (en) * 2012-01-23 2013-08-01 Cross Belt Ip, Llc Monorail sortation system
EP3153939A1 (en) * 2015-10-05 2017-04-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Sorting installation for sorting goods with local functional units for fault condition detection
US10503164B2 (en) * 2016-05-02 2019-12-10 V-Sync Co., Ltd. Delivery system

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EP3670007A1 (en) 2020-06-24

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