EP3553899A1 - Crimping tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a pressing or crimping tool (1). According to the invention, a spring device (35) is used in the crimping tool, which can be designed, for example, as a U-shaped leaf spring (36). In an equilibrium position (48), the leaf spring (36) is caught between stops (49, 50). If the pressing or crimping tool (1) moves from the equilibrium position (48) in the closing direction, the loading of the leaf spring (36) by a driver (54), whereby the leaf spring (36) generates an opening force. Conversely, the opening movement of the pressing or crimping tool (1) from the equilibrium position (48) leads to the loading of the leaf spring (36) by a driver (55), so that the leaf spring can produce a closing force. According to the invention, it can be ensured that the pressing or crimping tool (1) springs up automatically when the closed position is reached and, moreover, a workpiece inserted in the crimping tool (1) is clamped by means of a closing force and secured in this way.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a crimping tool. By means of the pressing or crimping tool can be done by manual operation of hand levers pressing or crimping a workpiece.

• Kabelschuhe nach DIN 4623,
• Aluminiumverbinder nach DIN 46329
• Aluminium-Presskabelschuhe nach DIN 48201
• Quetschkabelschuhe nach DIN 46234,
• Stiftkabelschuhe nach DIN 46230 oder
• Verbinder, Stecker oder Kabelschuhe für eine Verbindung mit einem Kabel oder Leiter, wie diese in dem Produktkatalog der WEZAG GmbH Werkzeugfabrik "Werkzeuge für die professionelle Anwendung" mit der Veröffentlichungs-Nr. 10/11 beschrieben sind,

vercrimpt werden. Bei dem hergestellten Crimp kann es sich beispielsweise für einen geschlossenen Crimp um einen Sechskant- oder Hexagonalcrimp, einen Vierkantcrimp, einen B-Crimp, einen Trapezcrimp, einen modifizierten Trapezcrimp, einen Ovalcrimp, einen Dorncrimp oder einen Zweidorncrimp handeln. Ein offener Crimp kann bspw. als V-Crimp oder B-Crimp, als Rollcrimp oder als Doppelrollcrimp ausgebildet sein.Here, a crimping tool is used in particular to produce a permanent mechanical connection and electrical contacting. This is preferably done by crimping a plug with a cable or an electrical conductor of any type. Depending on the profile of the die used, different crimping processes can be carried out with the crimping tool. For example, it may be a closed crimp in which the conductor is inserted into a closed crimping zone of a plug or into a closed sleeve and crimped by plastic deformation of the crimping zone or sleeve. But it is also possible that an open crimp is generated, in which the plug has an open crimping zone, in which the conductor can be inserted from above. To name only a few non-limiting examples of the invention, with the relevant crimping tool

• Cable lugs according to DIN 4623,
• Aluminum connector according to DIN 46329
• Aluminum compression cable lugs according to DIN 48201
• Crimp terminals according to DIN 46234,
• Pin cable lugs according to DIN 46230 or
• Connectors, plugs or cable lugs for connection to a cable or conductor, as described in the product catalog of WEZAG GmbH Werkzeugfabrik "Tools for professional use" with the publication no. 10/11 are described,

be crimped. For example, the crimp formed may be a hexagonal or hexagonal crimp, a square crimp, a B crimp, a trapezoid crimp, a modified trapezoid crimp, an oval crimp, a mandrel crimp, or a two mandrel crimp for a closed crimp. An open crimp may, for example, be designed as a V crimp or B crimp, as a rolled crimp or as a double crimp crimp.

• zur Ausgestaltung einer gattungsgemäßen Crimpzange,
• zu möglichen Einsatzbereichen der gattungsgemäßen Crimpzange und/oder
• zu unterschiedlichen möglichen Typen von Crimpverbindungen, welche mittels der gattungsgemäßen Crimpzange hergestellt werden können,

wird auf das Werk

• " Crimptechnik, Herstellung prozesssicherer Verbindungen von elektrischen Leitern und Steckern" der WEZAG GmbH Werkzeugfabrik, Die Bibliothek der Technik 342, Verlag Moderne Industrie, ISBN 978-3-68236-027-7

verwiesen.In addition to making the electrical connection between cable or conductor and plug, a mechanical connection can be made by means of a so-called insulation crimp. In this case, a closed insulation crimp or an open insulation crimp (in particular V crimp or B crimp, O crimp or OV crimp) can be used. For more information

• for the embodiment of a generic crimping tool,
• to possible applications of the generic crimping tool and / or
• to different possible types of crimp connections, which can be produced by means of the generic crimping tool,

will be on the factory

• " Crimping technology, production of reliable connections of electrical conductors and connectors "of WEZAG GmbH Werkzeugfabrik, The Library of Technology 342, Verlag Moderne Industrie, ISBN 978-3-68236-027-7

directed.

By contrast, a generic pressing pliers preferably of the mechanical fluid-tight connection in the fluid technology, for example, for joining pipes used with each other or with fluidic connectors. Here, by means of the pressing tongs, a plastic deformation of the pipes to be joined or a so-called, the mechanical connection and the fluid-tight seal ensuring fittings. Exemplary embodiments of a generic pressing tongs can the publications DE 197 09 639 A1 . DE 198 34 859 C2 . DE 199 24 086 C2 . DE 199 24 087 C2 . DE 199 63 097 C1 . DE 103 46 241 B3 . DE 10 2007 001 235 B4 . DE 10 2008 005 472 B3 . EP 3 208 044 A1 . EP 2 995 424 A1 be removed.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The invention has for its object to provide a manually operated crimping press or crimping pliers, which is improved in terms of power ratios, ease of use and operating safety.

SOLUTION

The object of the invention is achieved with the features of the independent claim. Further preferred embodiments according to the invention can be found in the dependent claims.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

1. a) Einerseits kann es wünschenswert sein, dass in der Press- oder Crimpzange zwischen den Zangenbacken eine Feder wirkt. Die Feder beaufschlagt die Zangenbacken in Schließrichtung. In diesem Fall erfolgt eine Öffnung eines Zangenmauls, welches von Gesenken der Press- oder Crimpzange ausgebildet ist, durch Öffnung der Zangenbacken über die antriebsverbundenen Handhebel gegen die Wirkung der Feder. Ist dann ein Werkstück in das Zangenmaul eingelegt, beaufschlagt die Feder beim Loslassen eines Handhebels die Zangenbacken aufeinander zu. Somit ist auch ohne manuelle Applikation einer Kraft auf die Handhebel infolge der Feder das Werkstück zwischen den Gesenken verspannt. Auf diese Weise kann das Werkstück in dem Zangenmaul hinsichtlich seiner Lage und gegenüber einem unbeabsichtigten Herausfallen gesichert sein.
2. b) Andererseits hat sich gezeigt, dass es vorteilhaft sein kann, wenn sich die Press- oder Crimpzange nach dem Durchlaufen des Arbeitshubs von selber öffnet. Somit wird in bekannten Press- oder Crimpzangen auch eine Feder eingesetzt, welche die Zangenbacken in Öffnungsrichtung beaufschlagen.

The invention is based on the finding that in the design of a crimping tool or crimping tool a conflict of objectives can occur:

1. a) On the one hand, it may be desirable for a spring to act in the crimping tool between the jaws. The spring acts on the jaws in the closing direction. In this case, there is an opening of a forceps jaw, which is formed by dies of the crimping tool or crimping, by opening the jaws on the drive-connected lever against the action of the spring. Then, when a workpiece is inserted into the forceps jaw, the spring acts upon releasing a hand lever, the jaws to each other. Thus, even without manual application of a force on the hand lever as a result of the spring, the workpiece is clamped between the dies. In this way, the workpiece can be secured in the forceps jaw in terms of its location and against accidental falling out.
2. b) On the other hand, it has been shown that it can be advantageous if the crimping tool opens itself after passing through the power stroke. Thus, in known press or crimping pliers, a spring is also used, which act on the jaws in the opening direction.

For known from the prior art pressing or crimping the target conflict is not resolvable. Thus, depending on the evaluation of the significance of the abovementioned, conflicting objectives, the manufacturer of the crimping tool had to decide on a spring acting in the opening direction or in the closing direction.

According to the invention, a pressing or crimping tool is proposed, which has two (die-bearing or forming) jaws. The jaws are drive connected via a suitable drive mechanism with two hand levers. In this case, a working stroke of the jaws can be brought from an open position of the jaws in a closed position of the jaws by relative movement of the hand lever. The working stroke can have an "idle stroke", in which the dies are first applied to the workpiece, and have a pressing or crimping stroke, in which the workpiece is pressed or crimped between the dies. In the press or crimping tool according to the invention, at least one spring device is used.

The at least one spring device is formed in the invention in a special way and integrated into the power flow: The at least one spring means initially ensures an equilibrium position. In the equilibrium position, the spring device exerts no force on the jaws. In the case of using a single spring means so that this spring means in the equilibrium position is not tense (or stretched only to such a small extent that a present in the crimping or crimping force or other resistance can not be overcome). In the case of the use of several spring devices, these can all not be tense or the effect of the tensioned spring devices cancel each other. The said equilibrium position of the jaws is arranged between the open position and the closed position of the jaws (for example, between 20% to 80% or 30% to 60% of the working stroke).

The equilibrium position divides the working stroke into a first partial working stroke, which is arranged between the open position and the equilibrium position of the jaws, and a second partial working stroke, which is arranged between the equilibrium position and the closed position. In the first partial working stroke, the at least one spring device exerts a closing force on the jaws. By contrast, the spring device exerts an opening force on the jaws in the second partial working stroke.

• Zu Beginn eines Press- oder Crimpvorgangs befindet sich die Press- oder Crimpzange in der Gleichgewichtsstellung. Die Gleichgewichtsstellung ist stabil, da die Federeinrichtung bei kleinen Auslenkungen in Öffnungsrichtung eine Schließkraft und bei kleinen Auslenkungen in Schließrichtung eine Öffnungskraft herbeiführt. Auf diese Weise kann sodass automatisch eine Rückführung in die Gleichgewichtsstellung erfolgen.
• Soll ein Werkstück in ein (von Gesenken der Press- oder Crimpzange ausgebildetes) Zangenmaul eingelegt werden, kann der Benutzer durch Aufbringung einer Öffnungskraft auf die Handhebel eine Öffnung der Zangenbacken in Richtung der Öffnungsstellung herbeiführen.
• Ist das Werkstück in das Zangenmaul eingelegt und sind die Abmessungen des Werkstücks gegenüber der Größe des Zangenmauls derart, dass ohne ein Verpressen oder Vercrimpen des Werkstücks eine Schließung der Zangenbacken mit den Gesenken zurück bis in die Gleichgewichtsstellung nicht möglich ist, werden die Zangenbacken mit den Gesenken durch die Federeinrichtung mit der Schließkraft gegen das Werkstück gepresst. Dadurch wird eine eine Sicherung der Position und/oder Lage des Werkstücks in dem Zangenmaul (und auch ein Herausfallen des Werkstücks aus dem Zangenmaul) gewährleistet, auch wenn der Benutzer keine Schließkraft auf die Handhebel aufbringt.
• Wird dann der Press- oder Crimphub ausgeführt, indem der Benutzer durch Aufbringung einer Schließkraft auf die Handhebel die Schließstellung der Zangenbacken herbeiführt, kann nach Beendigung des Press- oder Crimphubs die Federeinrichtung in dem zweiten Teilarbeitshub eine Öffnungskraft auf die Zangenbacken ausüben. Hierdurch "springt" das Zangenmaul nach Beseitigung der auf die Handhebel applizierten Schließkräfte durch den Benutzer automatisch auf.

This embodiment according to the invention enables, in particular, the following advantageous use of the pressing or crimping tool:

• At the beginning of a pressing or crimping process, the crimping tool is in the equilibrium position. The equilibrium position is stable, since the spring device causes a closing force in the opening direction with small deflections and an opening force with small deflections in the closing direction. In this way, it can be automatically returned to the equilibrium position.
• If a workpiece is to be inserted into a forceps jaw (formed by dies of the crimping tool), the user can bring about an opening of the jaws in the direction of the open position by applying an opening force to the hand lever.
• If the workpiece is inserted into the forceps jaw and the dimensions of the workpiece relative to the size of the forceps jaw so that a closing of the jaws with the jaws back to the equilibrium position is not possible without crimping or crimping of the workpiece, the jaws with the dies pressed by the spring device with the closing force against the workpiece. As a result, a securing of the position and / or position of the workpiece in the forceps jaw (and also falling out of the workpiece from the forceps jaw) is ensured, even if the user does not apply a closing force on the hand lever.
• Then, if the crimping or crimping stroke is performed by the user bringing about the closing position of the jaws by applying a closing force to the hand lever, the spring means can exert an opening force on the jaws after completion of the crimping stroke or crimping stroke. As a result, the pliers jaw automatically "pops up" after the user has eliminated the closing forces applied to the hand lever.

Preferably, the spring means generates a non-linear characteristic of the spring force. The non-linear characteristic of the spring force has a kink and / or a jump, in particular in the equilibrium position or between the two partial work strokes.

The spring means may comprise one or more springs. Here, the at least one spring made of any material (for example, metal, plastic, an elastomeric material) and also be made of a composite material. It can be a compression spring, Tension spring, a rotation angle spring, a torsion spring or a spring of any other type act. In the case of the use of multiple springs, these may be arranged in mechanical series connection or parallel connection and / or be integrated at different points in the power flow. It is also possible that one spring acts in the opening direction and another spring acts in the closing direction. Preferably, the spring device generates a non-linear characteristic which has a kink and / or a jump, in particular in the equilibrium position or between the two partial working strokes.

For an embodiment of the invention, the spring device has a closing spring and an opening spring. In this case, in the first partial working stroke, the closing spring generates the closing force, while in the second partial working stroke, the opening spring generates the opening force. It is possible here that in the first partial working stroke, the opening spring is decoupled from the drive connection, while in the second partial working stroke, the closing spring can be decoupled from the drive connection.

For another variant of the invention, the spring device (preferably exclusively) on a spring. This spring is then used multifunctional by generating the closing force both in the first partial working stroke and generating the opening force in the second partial working stroke.

In the context of the invention is quite possible that a spring of the spring device is coupled over the entire stroke with the movement of the jaws. In this case, the loading of the spring changes over the entire working stroke. For a particular proposal of the invention, the crimping tool has at least one stop. The stopper provides an extreme deflection of a spring base of the spring device, which is preferably a minimum deflection. Furthermore, a driver is present for this embodiment of the crimping tool. The driver takes in the Teilarbeitshub the spring base of the spring device and moves it away from the stop, which then changes the application of the spring. Preferably, in the other partial working stroke, the spring base of the spring device remains on the stop. Thus, the loading of the spring does not change for the other partial working stroke.

If the spring is a compression spring, the stopper will provide a minimum pressurization of the compression spring. In the partial working stroke, in which the driver entrains the spring base of the compression spring and moves away from the stop, the pressure force in the compression spring increases. The increasing pressure force of the compression spring can then be used to generate the closing force or the opening force. The same applies to the use of a tension spring - here, the stop is a minimum tensile force in the tension spring, while with the further application of the tension spring by the driver, the deflection and the traction are greater.

For a particular proposal of the invention, two stops and associated drivers are present. At the two stops can be trapped in the equilibrium position, a single spring. In this case, a Federfußpunkt the spring is taken during the first partial working stroke via a driver. In the other part of the working stroke of the other spring base is taken from the other driver. If, on the other hand, two springs are used, each spring in the equilibrium position can each be supported on an associated stop. During a partial working stroke in this case, a driver moves the spring base of a spring away from the associated stop, while the other spring base continues to remain at the associated stop. In the other partial working stroke then moves the other driver the Federfußpunkt the other spring away from the associated stop, while in this case the Federfußpunkt the first-mentioned spring remains supported on the stop.

The at least one stop and the at least one driver can be arranged on any components of the pressing or crimping tool, as long as during the power stroke, a relative movement of the components on which the stop and the driver are arranged takes place. For example, it is possible that the driver is supported on a hand lever, while the associated stop is attached to a (preferably moving) jaw. However, for an inventive embodiment of the crimping or crimping the stop is attached to a pliers head or carried by this, while the driver is attached to a relative to the pliers head over the power stroke moving pliers jaw or carried by this. If two stops and drivers are present, this can also apply to both stops and drivers.

In principle, the at least one spring of the spring device can be configured as desired. For a particular embodiment of the spring device, a single spring is used, which is designed as a U-shaped bending spring or leaf spring. Such a bending spring or leaf spring is a structurally simple spring with a long service life, in which over the cross sections of the spiral spring or leaf spring and possibly the cross-sectional profile, the course of the longitudinal axis of the spiral spring or leaf spring, the material used and the effective length of the spiral spring or leaf spring constructive stiffness and any non-linearity of the stiffness behavior can be specified. By the bending spring or leaf spring is U-shaped, the different spring arms of the U can be used for the design of the rigidity.

A particularly good integration of the U-shaped bending spring or leaf spring in the crimping or crimping tool may result for an embodiment of the invention, when the spring arms of the U-shaped bending spring or leaf spring extending in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the pliers head or in the direction of the closed lever ,

For a further proposal, the crimping tool or crimping tool is equipped with a forced locking mechanism. Such Zwangsgesperre ensures once reached Teilschließstellung the jaws against an opening. As a result, an achieved partial closing position is maintained even with a temporary elimination of the hand forces acting on the hand lever. Such Zwangsgesperre allows opening of the jaws only when the power stroke is completed. With these measures, process reliability can be increased. As a result of the embodiment of the invention moves with the complete passage of the power stroke (ie with the unlocking of Zwangsgesperres), the spring means the jaws automatically back to the equilibrium position. Preferably, in the context of the invention, the Zwangsgesperre is designed such that this only in the second partial working stroke (or even in an end portion of the same) is effective, so that this does not hinder the desired effect of the spring means in the first partial working stroke.

Quite possible within the scope of the invention is that the open position (in which an inserting of the workpiece can be done in the forceps jaw) is maintained in view of the effect of the spring device only when the user applies opening forces on the hand lever or the jaws, the application of the jaws through the spring device counteract. For a further proposal of the invention, the need to manually hold the crimping tool in the open position can be avoided: For this proposal, a locking device or a locking device is provided. The latching device or locking device secures the open position, so that despite the closing force of the spring device acting in the open position, the open position can be automatically maintained.

In this case, a locking device is understood in particular to mean a device which brings about a detent which leads to a detent force which is greater than the closing force generated by the spring device. By applying manual closing forces (for example, via the hand lever or by directly applied to the jaws clamping forces) can be done overriding the detent, so that the open position is left. If the detent is so overridden, eliminates the Rastierkraft at least partially. As a result of this elimination predominates the closing force generated by the spring device. A return to the equilibrium position (or applying the dies to the workpiece as a result of the spring device) is thus possible.

By contrast, a locking device is understood in particular to mean a device in which an open position is locked in such a way that it can not be left simply by applying closing forces (for example via the hand lever or by closing forces applied directly to the jaws). Rather, a manual actuation of a locking element is required, which then releases the lock, so that then the spring means can bring about a return of the jaws in the equilibrium position or can bring about applying the dies to the workpiece.

It is entirely possible that a separately formed locking or locking spring is used in the locking device or locking device. For an embodiment of the pressing or crimping tool according to the invention, the or a spring of the spring device is multifunctional in that this spring on the one hand generates the opening force and / or the closing force. In addition, this spring also generates a locking force of the locking device or a locking force of the locking device.

For the structural design of such a multifunctional spring there are many possibilities. For a proposal of the invention carries a spring arm of the U-shaped leaf spring or spiral spring a Rastfederarm the Rastiereinrichtung. The Rastfederarm forms in this case resiliently a locking element or carries this. The latching element engages in a locking manner in interaction with a counter-latching element, whereby a relative movement of the counter-latching element relative to the latching element takes place via the working stroke and in particular in the surrounding area of the open position.

A further embodiment of the pressing or crimping tool according to the invention has a special structural design of the crimping tool and a special drive kinetic to the object: For this embodiment, a fixed pliers part (which may be formed in one or more pieces) forms a solid jaw and a solid hand lever out. A movable pliers part (which may also be formed in one or more pieces) then forms a movable pliers jaw. The movable pliers part is articulated via a pivot bearing on the fixed pliers part pivotable. On the fixed pliers part, a movable lever is pivotally articulated via a pivot bearing. The movable hand lever is then connected via a drive connection (in particular a pressure lever or a toggle lever drive) with the movable pliers part.

For a proposal of the invention in this case, the movable hand lever forms the counter-locking element.

For a structural design of the crimping or crimping pliers in this case, the pivot bearing, via which the movable pliers part is pivotally connected to the fixed pliers part, arranged in the pliers head facing away half of the longitudinal extension of the fixed pliers part (wherein the pivot bearing in this case, for example may be at a distance from the front end region of the long-head that is greater than 55%, greater than 60%, greater than 65%, greater than 70%, or even greater than 75% of the longitudinal extent of the fixed pliers portion). By the displacement of the pivot bearing of the pliers head away and the pivot radius of the dies can be increased. For a given stroke of the dies can be reduced in this way the swivel angle of the dies over the working stroke. Too large a pivoting of the dies relative to each other has been found to be negative for the pressing or Crimpergebnis.

Advantageous developments of the invention will become apparent from the claims, the description and the drawings. The advantages of features mentioned in the description and combinations of several features are merely exemplary and may be effective alternatively or cumulatively, without the advantages of compelling embodiments of the invention. Without thereby altering the subject matter of the appended claims, as regards the disclosure of the original application documents and the patent, further features can be found in the drawings, in particular the illustrated geometries and the relative dimensions of several components and their relative arrangement and operative connection. The combination of features of different embodiments of the invention or of features of different claims is also possible deviating from the chosen relationships of the claims and is hereby stimulated. This also applies to those features which are shown in separate drawings or are mentioned in their description. These features can also be combined with features of different claims. Likewise, in the claims listed features for further embodiments of the invention can be omitted.

The features mentioned in the patent claims and the description are to be understood in terms of their number that exactly this number or a greater number than the said number is present, without requiring an explicit use of the adverb "at least". So if, for example, a spring is mentioned, this is to be understood that exactly one spring, two springs or more springs are present. These features may be supplemented by other features or be the only characteristics that make up the product in question.

The reference numerals contained in the claims do not limit the scope of the objects protected by the claims. They are for the sole purpose of making the claims easier to understand.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Fig. 1

zeigt eine Crimpzange in einer räumlichen Explosionsdarstellung.

Fig. 2

zeigt die Crimpzange gemäß Fig. 1 in einer räumlichen Darstellung.

Fig. 3

zeigt in einer Seitenansicht Bauelemente der Crimpzange gemäß Fig. 1 und 2 zur Verdeutlichung der Antriebskinetik.

Fig. 4, 6, 8, 10

zeigen die Crimpzange gemäß Fig. 1-3 in Seitenansichten in unterschiedlichen Betriebsstellungen.

Fig. 5, 7, 9, 11

zeigen Details V, VII, IX, XI der Crimpzangen gemäß Fig. 4, 6, 8, 10.

Fig. 12

zeigt eine alternative Ausführungsform einer Crimpzange in einer Seitenansicht.

Fig. 13

zeigt ein Detail XIII der Crimpzange gemäß Fig. 12.

Fig. 14

zeigt unterschiedliche Federcharakteristiken einer Federeinrichtung einer Press- oder Crimpzange.

In the following the invention will be further explained and described with reference to preferred embodiments shown in the figures.

Fig. 1

shows a crimping tool in a three-dimensional exploded view.

Fig. 2

shows the crimping tool according to Fig. 1 in a spatial representation.

Fig. 3

shows in a side view components of the crimping tool according to Fig. 1 and 2 to clarify the drive kinetics.

Fig. 4, 6, 8, 10th

show the crimping tool according to Fig. 1-3 in side views in different operating positions.

Fig. 5, 7, 9, 11th

show details V, VII, IX, XI of the crimping tool according to Fig. 4 . 6 . 8th . 10 ,

Fig. 12

shows an alternative embodiment of a crimping tool in a side view.

Fig. 13

shows a detail XIII of the crimping tool according to Fig. 12 ,

Fig. 14

shows different spring characteristics of a spring means of a crimping or crimping tool.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Fig. 1 to 11 show a crimping tool 1 in plate construction. The crimping tool 1 has a fixed pliers part 2 and a movable pliers part 3. The fixed pliers part 2 has two fixed pliers part plates 4a, 4b. The movable pliers part 3 has two movable pliers part plates 5a, 5b. The fixed pliers part 2 has a fixed pliers jaw 6, a connecting region 7 and a fixed hand lever 8. For the illustrated embodiment, the fixed pliers part plate 4a forms the fixed pliers jaw 6, the connecting portion 7 and the fixed hand lever 8. On the other hand, the fixed pliers part plate 4b forms only the fixed pliers jaw 6 and the connecting portion 7. The movable pliers part 3 has a movable pliers jaw 9. The movable pliers jaw 9 is held on a pivot carrier 10. Here, the movable pliers part plates 5a, 5b are formed in two parts with pliers jaw plates 11a, 11b and pivot support plates 12a, 12b.

The movable pliers part 3 is pivotally mounted about a pivot bearing 13 about a pivot axis 14 on the fixed pliers part 2. This is done for the illustrated embodiment by a pivot pin 15. The pivot pin 15 extends through a pivoting enabling through holes 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d of the movable pliers part plates 5a, 5b and fixed pliers part plates 4a, 4b. Here, the two movable pliers part plates 5a, 5b are received between the fixed pliers part plates 4a, 4b. The jaw plates 11a, 11b are attached to and held by the pivot support plates 12a, 12b such that the jaw plates 11a, 11b extend into the parallel planes defined by the fixed forceps plates 4a, 4b and move in these planes during pivoting.

Approximately in the middle of the pivot support plate 12 is on the movable pliers part 3 via a pivot bearing 17, an end portion of a pressure lever 18 (which is formed here with two pressure lever plates 19a, 19b) hinged. For the illustrated embodiment, the pivot bearing 17 is formed with a pivot pin 20. The pivot pin 20 is received in through holes 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d of the pressure lever plate 19b, the pivot support plate 12b, the pivot support plate 12a, and the pressure lever plate 19a. In this way, a pivot axis 22 of the pivot bearing 17 is predetermined. For the illustrated embodiment, the two pressure lever plates 19 are not disposed between the fixed pliers part plates 4a, 4b, but outside thereof. For this reason, the pivot pin 20 extends through slots 23a, 23b of the fixed pliers part plates 4a, 4b. The elongated holes 23a, 23b are shaped and arranged such that the fixed pliers part plates 4a, 4b do not hinder the movement of the pivot pin 20 with the pivoting of the movable pliers part 3.

A movable hand lever 24 (which in this case has two movable hand lever plates 25a, 25b) is pivotably mounted on the fixed tong part 2 via a pivot bearing 26 with a pivot axis 27. For this purpose, the fixed pliers part plate 4b, the manual lever plate 25b, the manual lever plate 25a and the fixed pliers part plate 4a have through holes 28a, 28b, 28c, 28d. Through the through holes 28a, 28b, 28c, 28d extends a pivot pin 29. The pivot pin 29 allows a relative pivotal movement of the movable hand lever 24 relative to the fixed pliers part second

The pressure lever 18 is connected via a pivot bearing 30 pivotally connected to the hand lever 24. For this purpose, the pressure lever plates 19a, 19b have through holes 31a, 31d. The hand lever plates 25a, 25b have through holes 28b, 28c through holes 31b, 31c adjacent to the through holes. Through the through holes 31b, 31c extends a pivot pin 32, which allows a pivoting movement. Since, for this purpose, the pivot pin 32 has to pass through the fixed pliers part plates 4a, 4b, the fixed pliers part plates 4a, 4b have slots 33a, 33b. The slots 33a, 33b ensure that the degree of freedom of movement of the pivot pin 32 is not hindered.

The aforementioned pairs of components or plates extend symmetrically on either side of a central tong plate plane. In this central pliers plate plane, a spring 34 is arranged, which is part of a spring device 35. For the illustrated embodiment, the spring 34 is formed as a U-shaped leaf spring or bending spring 36.

In the crimping tool 1 is a Zwangsgesperre 37 use. The Zwangsgesperre 37 has a pawl 38. The pawl is supported by a pawl shaft 39 here. The pawl shaft 39 is rotatably mounted on the pressure lever plates 19a, 19b. The pawl shaft 39 extends through through holes 40a, 40b of the fixed pliers part plates 4a, 4b without restricting the degree of freedom of movement. In the area of interaction with the pawl 38, the hand lever 24 forms a locking toothing 41 in the region of its peripheral surface. During the closing movement of the hand lever 24, the pawl 38 slides ratchet-like as a result of the action of a spring 42 along the locking teeth 41. The geometries of the pawl 28 and the locking teeth 41 are selected such that upon engagement of the pawl 38 in the locking teeth 41 movement reverse direction is excluded. If, however, the closed position of the crimping tool 1 is reached, the pawl 38 has passed the locking teeth 41. Thus, the pawl 38 "fold down" due to the tensile force generated by the spring 42. After folding, the pawl 38 can then slide during an opening movement along the locking teeth 41.

In Fig. 2 It can be seen that the jaws 6, 9 each interchangeable a die 43, 44 wear. For this purpose, preferably a compound of the jaws 6, 9 with the dies 43, 44 use, as these in the patent DE 198 02 287 C1 is described.

The drive kinetics can be determined according to the illustration in Fig. 3 As a result of the storage of the movable pliers part 3 with the pivot support 10 and the pliers jaw plate 11th Via the pivot bearing 13 on the fixed pliers part 2, a relative movement of the pliers jaws 6, 9 take place. This relative movement of the pliers jaws 6, 9 is caused by the pivoting of the hand lever 24 relative to the fixed pliers part 2 about the pivot bearing 26. The hand lever 24 forms between the pivot bearings 26, 30 a first toggle 45. A second toggle 46 is between the pivot bearings 17, 30 formed by the pressure lever 18. The pivot bearing 30 forms the knee joint of a knee lever drive 47 formed with the toggle levers 45, 46. The toggle lever drive 47 converts the pivotal movement of the hand lever 24 into a pivoting movement of the movable tong part 3 relative to the fixed tong part 2.

In the following, the spring device 45 will be explained in more detail:
According to Fig. 4 In the equilibrium position 48 is an opening angle of the lever, for example in the range of 40 ° to 50 °, in particular 45 ° to 48 °. The fixed pliers part 2 carries two stops 49, 50. Here, the stops 49, 50 are formed as bolts carried in through bores of the fixed pliers part plates 4a, 4b. In the equilibrium position 48, the U-shaped leaf spring or bending spring 36 bears against the associated (respectively formed by the approximately parallel side limbs of the U) spring arms 51, 52 on the outside on an associated stop 49, 50. Here, the leaf spring or spiral spring 36 and the spring arms 51, 52 may not be biased in the equilibrium position 48. But it is also possible that the leaf spring or bending spring 36 is biased so that it is braced between the stops 49, 50.

On opposite sides of the leaf spring or bending spring 36 (and preferably in the free end region of the spring arms 51, 52) carries the movable pliers part 3 driver 54, 55. For the illustrated embodiment, the drivers 54, 55 are formed as driving pins, which in bores of the movable Zangenteilplatten 5a, 5b are held. Here, the driver 54 forming driving pin is designed to be multifunctional, since this also serves to attach the pliers jaw plate 11 to the pivot carrier 10. In the in the Fig. 4 and 5 shown equilibrium position 48 are the drivers 54, 55 just to the leaf spring or bending spring 36, without generating a significant contact force here.

Fig. 6 and 7 show the crimping tool 1 in a closed position 53, in which an angle of the hand lever 8, 24, for example in the range of 0 ° to 10 ° (preferably in the range of 0 ° to 5 °).

The pivoting of the movable pliers part 3 from the equilibrium position 48 according to Fig. 4 and 5 in the closed position 53 according to Fig. 6 and 7 (And the associated relative movement of the driver 54, 55 relative to the fixed pliers part 2) has the consequence that the driver 55 moves away from the spring arm 51. The driver 55 is but increasingly pressed against the spring arm 52 during this movement. Thus, the leaf spring or bending spring 36 is additionally applied. The restoring force of the leaf spring or bending spring 36 caused thereby acts as an opening force in the opening direction. During the actuation of the leaf spring or bending spring 36 caused by the driver 54, the leaf spring or bending spring 36 releases from the stop 50. The leaf spring or bending spring 36 gradually moves away from the stop 50 until the closed position 53 is reached Fig. 6 . 7 reached and gives the Zwangsgesperre 37, the opening movement of the hand lever 8, 24 free, the crimping tool 1 with elimination of the manual forces "spring up" automatically. The crimping tool 1 returns automatically due to the action of the spring means 35 from the closed position 53 in the equilibrium position 48 back.

If, on the other hand, the crimping tool 1 is transferred from the equilibrium position 48 according to FIG Fig. 4 and 5 in a partial opening position 56 according to Fig. 8 and 9 or in a (maximum) opening position 57 according to Fig. 10 and 11 (For example, in the partial open position 56, the opening angle of the hand lever 8, 24 may be in the range of 60 ° to 70 °, preferably 65 ° to 68 ° and the opening angle of the hand lever 8, 24 in the open position 57 in the range of 80 ° to 100 °, preferably 85 ° to 95 ° can be), the relative movement of the movable pliers part 3 relative to the fixed pliers part 2 causes the driver 54 away from the spring arm 52, while the spring arm 52 is further supported on the stop 50. At the same time, however, a force which increases the opening movement is exerted on the spring arm 51 by the driver 55. The increasing force has an increasing deformation of the leaf spring or bending spring 36 and the movement of the spring arm 51 away from the stop 49 result. The increasing action on the leaf spring or bending spring 36 has the consequence that the leaf spring or bending spring 36 exerts a closing force on the pliers parts 2, 3 and thus the pliers jaws 6, 9. The closing force is designed to restore the equilibrium position 48.

For the illustrated embodiment, as an optional equipment variant, the crimping tool 1 has a locking device 58. About the locking device 58, the open position 57 are locked in such a way that, despite the effective closing force of the spring means 35, the open position 57 is maintained. Only a manual overpressure of the latched open position 57 (which has a reduction of the latching force or complete elimination of the latching force of the locking device 58 result) allows the spring means 35 automatically restores the equilibrium position 48 by means of the closing force provided by the leaf spring or bending spring 36. In the locking device 58, a latching element 60 (which in particular forms a projection [or recess]) is pressed against a counter-latching element 61 (which forms in particular a recess [or a projection]) via a detent spring 59, wherein (at least in the surrounding area of the Open position 57), a movement of the hand lever 8, 24 or the jaws 6, 9 relative to each other to a relative movement of the latching element 60 and the counter-latching element 61 leads.

For the illustrated embodiment, the detent spring 59 of the locking device 58 by a Rastfederarm 62 of the leaf spring or bending spring 36 (here a longitudinal portion which extends transversely from the spring arm 52 in the direction of the hand lever 24) is formed. In the free end region of the Rastfederarms 62 which comes into operative connection with the hand lever 24, the Rastfederarm 62 carries a pin 63 which forms the latching element 60. The counter-latching element 61 is formed in this case by a recess 64 of a latching contour 65 of the hand lever 24. With the approach to the open position 57 of the pin 63 slides with an elastic contact pressure by the Rastfederarm 62 along the locking contour 65. With the reaching of the open position 57 of the pin 63 engages due to the elastic loading of the Rastfederarms 62 in the recess 64 a. Here, the pressing force of the locking element 60 to the counter-locking element 61 (ie the bias of Rastfederarms 62) and the geometry of the locking contour 65 (in particular the depth of the recess 64 and the inclination of the locking contour 65 in the recess 64) are selected so that the closing force of the spring device 35 can not overcome the locking of the locking device 58. Rather, this requires the user to move the hand lever 24 in the closing direction, that the locking element 60 can be released from the counter-locking element 61 (ie, the pin 63 can escape from the recess 64).

It is possible that the leaf spring or bending spring 36 is pivotally mounted on the movable pliers part 3 via a pivot pin 66.

Fig. 12 and 13 show by way of example a further embodiment of the spring device 35 encompassed by the invention. In this case, a coupling arm 67 of the hand lever 24 extends into the area of the movable pliers part 3. The free end portion of the coupling arm 67 is in this case in the in Fig. 12 and 13 shown equilibrium position 48 caught between two compression springs 68, 69. The compression spring 68 forms an opening spring 70, and the compression spring 69 forms a closing spring 71st

1. a) Möglich ist, dass die Druckfedern in der in Fig. 12 und 13 dargestellten Gleichgewichtsstellung 48 nicht vorgespannt sind. In diesem Fall führt eine Öffnung der Handhebel 8, 24 dazu, dass sich der Kopplungsarm 67 von der Öffnungsfeder 70 wegbewegt. Gleichzeitig wird von dem Kopplungsarm 67 die Schließfeder 71 komprimiert, so dass diese die angestrebte Schließkraft erzeugen kann. Umgekehrt führt eine Schließung der Handhebel 8, 24 aus der Gleichgewichtsstellung 48 dazu, dass sich der Kopplungsarm 67 von der Schließfeder 71 wegbewegt. Die Öffnungsfeder 70 wird zunehmend beaufschlagt, womit die angestrebte Öffnungskraft erzeugt werden kann.
2. b) Möglich ist auch, dass in der Gleichgewichtsstellung 48 die Druckfedern 68, 69 keine Kraft auf den Kopplungsarm 67 ausüben, aber die Druckfedern 68, 69 (mit gleicher Vorspannkraft oder unterschiedlichen Vorspannkräften) vorgespannt sind. Ein derartiges Ausführungsbeispiel ist in Fig. 12 und 13 dargestellt. In diesem Fall ist die Expansion der Druckfedern 68, 69 und die Erzeugung einer Anpresskraft derselben an den Kopplungsarm 67 in der Gleichgewichtsstellung 48 unterbunden dadurch, dass die Bewegung der Druckfeder 68, 69 verbunden ist mit der Bewegung einer Federstange. Die Federstange trägt einen Ringabsatz 72, 73. In der Gleichgewichtsstellung 48 liegen die Ringabsätze 72, 73 an Anschlägen 49, 50 (die hier von den Führungen der Druckfedern 68, 69 oder der Federstangen ausgebildet sind) an. Eine Verschwenkung der Handhebel 8, 24 aus der Gleichgewichtsstellung 48 erfordert die Überwindung der Vorspannung der jeweiligen in Bewegungsrichtung angeordneten Druckfeder 68, 69. Einer derartigen Bewegung kann die nicht in Bewegungsrichtung angeordnete Druckfeder 68, 69 nicht folgen, da diese durch die Anlage des Ringabsatzes 72, 73 an dem Anschlag 49, 50 an einer Entspannung gehindert ist. Somit gewährleisten die Anschläge 49, 50 eine extremale Auslenkung der Druckfedern 68, 69. Für dieses Ausführungsbeispiel bildet der Kopplungsarm 67 die Mitnehmer 54, 55.

There are different possibilities for the action of the compression springs 68, 69:

1. a) It is possible that the compression springs in the in Fig. 12 and 13 shown equilibrium position 48 are not biased. In this case, an opening of the hand lever 8, 24 causes the coupling arm 67 moves away from the opening spring 70. At the same time, the closing spring 71 is compressed by the coupling arm 67 so that it can generate the desired closing force. Conversely, a closure of the hand lever 8, 24 from the equilibrium position 48 causes the coupling arm 67 moves away from the closing spring 71. The opening spring 70 is increasingly applied, so that the desired opening force can be generated.
2. b) It is also possible that in the equilibrium position 48, the compression springs 68, 69 exert no force on the coupling arm 67, but the compression springs 68, 69 (with the same biasing force or different biasing forces) are biased. Such an embodiment is in Fig. 12 and 13 shown. In this case, the expansion of the compression springs 68, 69 and the generation of a pressing force thereof to the coupling arm 67 in the equilibrium position 48 is prevented by the fact that the movement of the compression spring 68, 69 is connected to the movement of a spring rod. The spring rod carries a ring shoulder 72, 73. In the equilibrium position 48, the annular shoulders 72, 73 abut against stops 49, 50 (which are formed here by the guides of the compression springs 68, 69 or the spring rods). A pivoting of the hand lever 8, 24 from the equilibrium position 48 requires overcoming the bias of the respective arranged in the direction of compression spring 68, 69th Such a movement, not arranged in the direction of compression spring 68, 69 do not follow, as this by the plant of the annular shoulder 72nd , 73 on the stop 49, 50 is prevented from relaxing. Thus, the stops 49, 50 ensure an extreme deflection of the compression springs 68, 69. For this embodiment, the coupling arm 67 forms the drivers 54, 55.

As an optional variant has for the embodiment according to Fig. 12 and 13 the locking device 58 a of the fixed pliers part 2 carried latching element 60 (here a pin 63). The latching element 60 occurs in interaction with a supported by an elastic Rastfederarm 62 of the hand lever 24 locking contour 65, which forms the counter-latching element 61, here a recess 64.

Fig. 14 shows different characteristics 74, 75, 76 for the spring force 77 of the spring device 35 in dependence on the opening angle 78 of the hand lever 8, 24. These characteristics 74, 75, 76 represent schematic schematic spring force curves, which for any embodiment of the spring means 35 and Pressing or crimping tool 1 can be brought about. In the characteristics 74, 75, 76, the origin of the abscissa corresponds to the closed position 53. Here, the equilibrium position 48 is also marked. The indicated maximum values of the characteristics 74, 75, 76 correlate with the open position 57. At the ordinate, positive values indicate an opening force. Negative values of the ordinate represent a closing force of the spring device 35.

For the characteristic 74 shown with a solid line, a smooth course of the spring force of the spring device 35 results without a jump, and depending on the spring characteristic of the spring used, a curved course is possible. Such a characteristic 74 can already be brought about with a single spring whose unstressed equilibrium position corresponds to the equilibrium position 48 and which then generates the opening force or the closing force on movement out of the equilibrium position 48 depending on the direction of movement.

For the embodiment according to the Fig. 1 to 11 In principle, a characteristic according to the characteristic 74 can be brought about when the leaf spring or bending spring 36 is not biased in the equilibrium position 38. It should be noted, however, that under certain circumstances due to the different lever ratios of the drivers 54, 55, the characteristic 74 in the region of the equilibrium position 48 may also have a kink. This can also be selectively used constructively, if different slopes of the characteristic 74 are desired in the partial work strokes. For the embodiment according to Fig. 12 and 13 finds a characteristic 74 use when in the equilibrium position 48, the opening spring 70 and the closing spring 71 are not biased and the opening spring 70 and the closing spring 71 have the same spring stiffness.

Dashed characteristic 75 has a jump in the equilibrium position. This may be desirable if a particularly stable equilibrium position 48 is to be ensured with relatively large restoring forces in the same and / or in the two partial working strokes, the characteristic 75 should have a relatively low slope at a high force level. Such a characteristic 75 can for the embodiment according to Fig. 1 to 11 be brought about by in the equilibrium position 48, the leaf spring or bending spring 36 between the stops 49, 50 is biased. The amount of bias specifies the amount of jump in characteristic 75. On the other hand, the slope of the characteristic 75 in the two partial work areas is predetermined by the bending stiffness of the leaf spring or bending spring 36. For the exemplary embodiment according to FIG Fig. 12 and 13 a characteristic 75 can be brought about by the opening spring 70 and the closing spring 71 are biased in the equilibrium position 48, without this (due to the interaction between the annular shoulders 72, 73 with the stops 49, 50) a force on the drivers 54, 55 produce.

Finally shows Fig. 14 dot-dashed a characteristic 76, in which not the exact equilibrium position 48 is stable. Rather, the spring device generates in a surrounding area around the equilibrium position 48 no spring force, so that this surrounding area is multistable. Only when this surrounding area is left, the illustrated characteristic 76 has a jump with then further increasing opening force or closing force. Such a characteristic 76 can be brought about by applying, for the embodiment according to FIG Fig. 1 to 11 not in the equilibrium position as shown, the two drivers 54, 55 already bear against the leaf spring or bending spring 36, but these are still spaced from this. The distance between the drivers 54, 55 of the leaf spring or bending spring 36 thus provides the surrounding area around the equilibrium position 48, for which no opening force and no closing force is generated. For the resulting characteristic then the leaving of the surrounding area (deviating from the illustrated characteristic 76) leads to jumps of the same height with subsequent equal slope of the characteristic in the partial work strokes 79, 80.

For that in the Fig. 12 and 13 illustrated embodiment, a characteristic such as the illustrated characteristic 76 can be brought about by the drivers 54, 55 are arranged in the equilibrium position 48 spaced from the two abutting on the stops 49, 50 compression springs 68, 69 here. It is possible by choosing different bias voltages the compression springs 68, 69, that (in accordance with the illustrated characteristic 76) the jumps when leaving the surrounding area of the equilibrium position 48 have a different height. Quite possible then is that compression springs 68, 69 are used with different stiffness, so that in the two partial strokes the characteristic has 76 different slopes.

It is possible that any other springs such as tension springs between any relatively moving during the power stroke components of the crimping tool 1 come into effect, without thereby departing from the scope of the invention. Outside the equilibrium position 48 (or the explained surrounding area in which the spring device 35 generates no force), a first partial working stroke 79 indicates operating positions of the crimping tool 1 between the open position 57 and the equilibrium position 48, while a second partial working stroke 80 positions of the crimping tool 1 between the equilibrium position 48 and the closed position 53 denotes. The entire stroke between the open position 57 and the closed position 53 is indicated as a working stroke 81.

Functionally is on the crimping tool 1 on the one hand, the axial portion with the hand levers 8, 24 and on the other hand a pliers head 82 to distinguish. In the area of the pliers head 82, the forceps jaws 6, 9 with the dies 43, 44, the drive mechanism with the toggle lever drive 47, the spring device 35 and the Zwangsgesperre 37 are arranged.

In the present specification, the invention has been explained primarily in connection with a crimping tool 1. A corresponding design is also possible for a pressing tongs, wherein the features and designs according to the invention can be integrated, for example, in a pressing tongs according to the above-mentioned prior art.

Here, the design of a crimping tool 1 in plate construction has been explained, wherein components partially consist of a pair of parallel plates. In fact, the same basic principle of a crimping tool 1 can be realized if there are not pairs of plates, but only a single such device.

In the context of the present description, with regard to the function and / or design, corresponding or similar components are given the same reference numerals but one complementary distinguishing letters a, b, .... This is then sometimes referred to without the use of the additional letter.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Crimping Tool

2

fixed pliers part

3

movable pliers part

4

fixed pliers part plate

5

movable pliers part plate

6

firm jaw

7

connecting area

8th

solid hand lever

9

movable pliers jaw

10

pivoting support

11

Collet jaw plate

12

Pivoting support plate

13

pivot bearing

14

swivel axis

15

pivot pin

16

Through Hole

17

pivot bearing

18

pressure lever

19

Pressure lever plate

20

pivot pin

21

Through Hole

22

swivel axis

23

Long hole

24

movable hand lever

25

movable hand lever plate

26

pivot bearing

27

swivel axis

28

Through Hole

29

pivot pin

30

pivot bearing

31

Through Hole

32

pivot pin

33

Long hole

34

feather

35

spring means

36

Leaf spring or spiral spring

37

Zwangsgesperre

38

pawl

39

Pawl shaft

40

through recess

41

locking teeth

42

feather

43

die

44

die

45

toggle

46

toggle

47

Knee lever drive

48

Equilibrium position

49

attack

50

attack

51

spring arm

52

spring arm

53

closed position

54

takeaway

55

takeaway

56

Partially open position

57

open position

58

locking device

59

detent spring

60

locking element

61

Counter-latching element

62

Rastfederarm

63

pen

64

deepening

65

catch contour

66

pivot pin

67

coupling arm

68

compression spring

69

compression spring

70

opening spring

71

closing spring

72

annular shoulder

73

annular shoulder

74

characteristics

75

characteristics

76

characteristics

77

spring force

78

opening angle

79

first part-time workhub

80

second part-stroke

81

stroke

82

pliers head

Claims (15)

Pressing or crimping tool (1) with two jaws (6, 9), which are so drive-connected with two hand levers (8, 24), that via a manually induced relative movement of the hand lever (8, 24) a working stroke (81) of a Opening position (57) of the jaws (6, 9) in a closed position (53) of the jaws (6, 9) can be brought about, characterized in that a spring means (35) is present, which acts on the jaws (6, 9) that a) in a between the open position (57) and the closed position (53) of the jaws (6, 9) arranged equilibrium position (48), the spring means (35) exerts no force on the jaws (6, 9), b) in a between the open position (57) and the equilibrium position (48) arranged first partial working stroke (79), the spring means (35) exerts a closing force on the jaws (6, 9) and c) in a between the equilibrium position (48) and the closed position (53) arranged second partial working stroke (80), the spring means (35) exerts an opening force on the forceps jaws (6, 9). Crimping tool (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring device (35) a) a closing spring (71) which generates the closing force in the first partial working stroke (79), and b) an opening spring (70) which generates the opening force in the second partial working stroke (80), having. Pressing or crimping tool (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring device (35) has a spring (34) which a) generates the closing force both in the first partial working stroke (79) b) and in the second partial working stroke (80) generates the opening force. Pressing or crimping tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a) at least one stop (50; 49) is provided, which specifies an extreme deflections of a spring base of the spring device (35), and b) at least one driver (54; 55) are present, c) wherein in a partial working stroke (79; 80) a driver (54; 55) moves the spring base of the spring device (35) away from the stop (50; 49). Pressing or crimping tool (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that a) the stop (49; 50) is attached to a pliers head (82) or carried by the pliers head (82), b) the driver (55; 54) is fastened on a pliers jaw (9) moved relative to the pliers head (82) via the working stroke (81) or is formed by the pliers jaw (9). Pressing or crimping tool (1) according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the spring (34) is designed as a U-shaped bending spring or leaf spring (36). Pressing or crimping tool (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that spring arms (51, 52) of the U-shaped bending spring or leaf spring (36) in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the pliers head (82) or in the direction of the closed hand lever (8, 24). Pressing or crimping tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a Zwangsgesperre (37) is present, which ensures a once reached partial closing position of the jaws (6, 9) against an opening and an opening of the jaws (6, 9 ) only with the complete passage of the working stroke (81), wherein with the complete passage of the working stroke (81), the spring means (35) moves the jaws (6, 9) in the equilibrium position (48). Pressing or crimping tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the open position (57) can be secured via a locking device (58) or locking device. Pressing or crimping tool (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the spring (34) is multifunctional by these a) generates the opening force and / or the closing force and b) generates a locking force of the locking device (58) or locking force of the locking device. Pressing or crimping tool (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that a) a spring arm (52) of the U-shaped bending spring or leaf spring (36) carries a Rastfederarm (62) of the locking device (58) and b) the Rastfederarm (62) resiliently forms or carries a latching element (60) which interacts with a latching detent element (61), which is moved over the working stroke (81) relative to the latching element (60). Pressing or crimping tool (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a) a fixed pliers part (2) forms a fixed pliers jaw (6) and a fixed hand lever (8), b) a movable pliers part (3) forms a movable pliers jaw (9) and is pivotably connected to the fixed pliers part (2) via a pivot bearing (13), c) a movable hand lever (24) via a pivot bearing (26) on the fixed pliers part (2) is articulated pivotally and d) the movable hand lever (24) is connected via a drive connection with the movable pliers part (3). Pressing or crimping tool (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the drive connection has a toggle lever drive (47). Pressing or crimping tool (1) according to claim 12 or 13 when appended to claim 11, characterized in that the movable hand lever (24) forms the counter-locking element (61). Crimping tool (1) according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the pivot bearing (13), via which the movable pliers part (3) is pivotably articulated to the fixed pliers part (2), in which the pliers head (82) remote half of the longitudinal extension of the fixed pliers part (2) is arranged.

Images