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EP3438426A1 - Exhaust purification system - Google Patents

Exhaust purification system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3438426A1
EP3438426A1 EP17774649.2A EP17774649A EP3438426A1 EP 3438426 A1 EP3438426 A1 EP 3438426A1 EP 17774649 A EP17774649 A EP 17774649A EP 3438426 A1 EP3438426 A1 EP 3438426A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust
injection nozzle
reducing agent
exhaust gas
mixer member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17774649.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3438426B1 (en
EP3438426A4 (en
Inventor
Katsushi Osada
Takehito Imai
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Isuzu Motors Ltd
Original Assignee
Isuzu Motors Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Isuzu Motors Ltd filed Critical Isuzu Motors Ltd
Publication of EP3438426A1 publication Critical patent/EP3438426A1/en
Publication of EP3438426A4 publication Critical patent/EP3438426A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3438426B1 publication Critical patent/EP3438426B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F01N3/2073Selective catalytic reduction [SCR] with means for generating a reducing substance from the exhaust gases
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9404Removing only nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/9409Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/9431Processes characterised by a specific device
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/21Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media
    • B01F23/213Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids
    • B01F23/2132Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids using nozzles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/314Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit
    • B01F25/3141Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit with additional mixing means other than injector mixers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40Static mixers
    • B01F25/42Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/421Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions by moving the components in a convoluted or labyrinthine path
    • B01F25/423Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions by moving the components in a convoluted or labyrinthine path by means of elements placed in the receptacle for moving or guiding the components
    • B01F25/4231Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions by moving the components in a convoluted or labyrinthine path by means of elements placed in the receptacle for moving or guiding the components using baffles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F01N3/208Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2892Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1453Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to an exhaust purification system, and particularly to an exhaust purification system which is provided with a reduction catalyst.
  • an exhaust purification system includes an injection nozzle that adds urea water into an exhaust pipe, and a selective reduction catalyst (referred to as SCR catalyst hereinafter) that takes ammonia generated from the urea water by hydrolysis with exhaust heat as a reducing agent and reduces and purifies nitrogen compounds (referred to as NOx hereinafter) contained in exhaust gas.
  • SCR catalyst selective reduction catalyst
  • the mixer plate is arranged vertically with respect to a pipe axial direction of an exhaust pipe and urea water is injected obliquely from the injection nozzle into the exhaust pipe with respect to the pipe axial direction.
  • the urea water obliquely injected in a substantially conical shape from the injection nozzle cannot collide with an entire surface of the plate, and particularly a plate region which is distant from the injection nozzle cannot be utilized effectively.
  • An object of the disclosure is to provide a system in which urea water (reducing agent) injected from an injection nozzle can effectively collide with an entire mixer member.
  • the system of the disclosure includes an exhaust pipe, which has a straight line shape, and through which exhaust gas discharged from an engine flows; an injection nozzle configured to inject a reducing agent into the exhaust pipe in a direction obliquely with respect to a pipe axial direction into the exhaust pipe; a reduction catalyst provided in an exhaust system that is on a downstream side of the injection nozzle and configured to purify the exhaust gas by reacting the exhaust gas with the reducing agent; and a mixer member provided inside the exhaust pipe on the downstream side of the injection nozzle and on an upstream side of the reduction catalyst and configured to mix and diffuse the reducing agent with the exhaust gas, in which the mixer member includes a plurality of fins protruding to the downstream side, and the mixer member is arranged inside the exhaust pipe in an inclined manner such that an upstream side surface of the mixer member, which is on an opposite side of the fins, faces an injection port surface of the injection nozzle.
  • the mixer member may be arranged inside the exhaust pipe in an inclined manner such that the upstream side surface is perpendicular to an injection axial direction of the injection nozzle.
  • the linear piping may be formed in a cylindrical shape
  • the mixer member may include a ring member having an elliptic annular shape, an outer periphery of the ring member being fixed to an inner periphery of the linear piping, a plurality of the plate members arranged inside the ring member in a grid shape, and the plurality of fins that is integrally formed with the plurality of plate members and is bent at a predetermined angle.
  • the injection nozzle may be configured to inject urea water into the linear piping and the reduction catalyst may be a selective reduction catalyst that takes ammonia generated from the urea water by hydrolysis with exhaust heat as a reducing agent and reduces and purifies nitrogen compounds contained in the exhaust gas.
  • the urea water (reducing agent) injected from the injection nozzle can collide with the entire mixer member effectively.
  • an exhaust system of a diesel engine (hereinafter, simply referred to as engine) 10 is provided with an exhaust manifold 11, an upstream piping 12, a front stage casing 20, a linear piping 13, a rear stage casing 40 and a discharge piping 14, in order from an exhaust upstream side.
  • the upstream piping 12 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and an upstream end thereof is connected to the exhaust manifold 11 and a downstream end thereof is connected to an upstream side opening part of the front stage casing 20.
  • the front casing 20 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and a first oxidation catalyst 21 and a filter 22 are accommodated therein in order from the exhaust upstream side.
  • the first oxidation catalyst 21 is formed by supporting a catalyst component or the like on a surface of a ceramic carrier such as a cordierite honeycomb structure, for example.
  • a ceramic carrier such as a cordierite honeycomb structure, for example.
  • the filter 22 for example, is formed by arranging a number of cells divided by porous partition walls along a flow direction of exhaust, and alternately sealing upstream sides and downstream sides of the cells.
  • the filter 22 collects particulate matter (PM) in the exhaust to fine pores or surfaces of the partition walls, and performs filter forced regeneration in which the PM are burned and removed when a PM accumulation estimation amount reaches a predetermined amount.
  • PM particulate matter
  • the linear piping 13 is formed in a substantially straight cylindrical shape, and connects a downstream side opening part of the front stage casing 20 and an upstream side opening part of the rear stage casing 40.
  • An injection nozzle 33 configuring a part of a urea water injection device 30 is provided in the linear piping 13, and a mixer plate 50 that will be described in detail later is further provided in the linear piping 13 on a downstream side of the injection nozzle 33.
  • the urea water injection device 30 includes a urea water tank 31 that stores urea water, a urea water pump 32 that pumps up the urea water from the urea water tank 31 and an injection nozzle 33 that injects the urea water into the linear piping 13.
  • the urea water that is injected from the injection nozzle 33 into the linear piping 13 generates ammonia (NH3) by hydrolysis with exhaust heat and the ammonia is supplied to an SCR catalyst 41 on the downstream side as a reducing agent.
  • NH3 ammonia
  • the rear stage casing 40 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and the SCR catalyst 41 and a second oxidation catalyst 42 are accommodated therein in order from the exhaust upstream side.
  • the SCR catalyst 41 is formed by supporting zeolite or the like on a porous ceramic carrier, for example.
  • the SCR catalyst 41 absorbs ammonia that is supplied from the injection nozzle 33 as the reducing agent, and selectively reduces and purifies NOx from the exhaust passing through by the absorbed ammonia.
  • the second oxidation catalyst 42 is formed by, for example, supporting a catalyst component or the like on a surface of a ceramic carrier such as a cordierite honeycomb structure, and has a function of oxidizing ammonia slipped from the SCR catalyst 41 to the downstream side.
  • configuration of the mixer member 50 includes an elliptic annular shaped ring member 51, a plurality of plate members 53A, 53B that are arranged in a grid shape inside the ring member 51 so as to form an exhaust gas passage, and a plurality of fins 54A, 54B that are formed integrally with the plate members 53A and protrude toward the exhaust downstream side.
  • Each of the fins 54A, 54B is formed by making a V-shaped notch on the plate member53A and bending a left portion in a trapezoid shape at a predetermined angle. Further, each of the fins 54A, 54B is formed such that fins 54A bent in one direction (direction A as shown) and fins 54B bent in another direction (direction B as shown) are alternately arranged in parallel.
  • the fins 54A, 54B bent in opposite directions are alternately arranged, so that turbulence is generated in the exhaust gas passing through the mixer member 50, and mixing and diffusing of the reducing agent with the exhaust gas is effectively promoted. Further, a plurality of fins 54A, 54B is attached with the urea water and contacts with high temperature exhaust gas that passes through, so that efficiency of generating ammonia from the urea water is effectively improved.
  • the injection nozzle 33 is fixed to a seat portion 13A of the linear piping 13 by a bolt or the like (not shown) such that an injection axis Y of the injection nozzle 33 is inclined with respect to a pipe axial direction X of the linear piping 13 at a predetermined angle.
  • an outer periphery of the ring member 51 is fixed to an inner periphery of the linear piping 13 by welding or the like, such that an upstream side surface 50A (a side surface on an opposite side of fins 54A, 54B) of the mixer member 50 is inclined with respect to the pipe axial direction X and is perpendicular to the injection axis Y.
  • the upstream side surface 50A of the mixer member 50 is not necessarily completely perpendicular to the injection axis Y of the injection nozzle 33 and may incline ⁇ 5 degrees.
  • the mixer member 50 is mounted inside the linear piping 13 such that the upstream side surface 50A thereof faces substantially in parallel with an opening surface of an injecting opening 33A of the injection nozzle 33. Accordingly, the upstream side surface 50A of the mixer member 50 is made to face the injection nozzle 33 directly, so that the urea water (reducing agent) injected in a substantially conical shape from the injection nozzle 33 collides with an entire surface of the upstream side surface 50A evenly.
  • the mixer member 50 is mounted inside the linear piping 13 in an inclined manner and the upstream side surface 50A of the mixer member 50 faces the injecting opening 33A of the injection nozzle 33 directly, so that the urea water injected in a substantially conical shape from the injection nozzle 33 can collide with the entire surface of the upstream side surface 50A evenly. Accordingly, the entire mixer member 50 can be utilized effectively to promote mixing and diffusing of the exhaust gas with the reducing agent, and reducing efficiency of the SCR catalyst 41 can be reliably improved.
  • ammonia reducing agent
  • an inclination angle of the mixer member 50 may be set gentler than that in the above embodiment.
  • the mixer member 50 may be arranged inside the exhaust pipe in an inclined manner such that the upstream side surface 50A of the mixer member 50 is about 60 degrees to about 85 degrees with respect to the injection axis Y of the injection nozzle 33.
  • the mixer member 50 may be arranged inside the exhaust pipe in an inclined manner such that the upstream side surface 50A of the mixer member 50 is about 60 degrees to about 85 degrees with respect to the injection axis Y of the injection nozzle 33.
  • a mechanism for mixing and diffusing the reducing agent and the exhaust gas is not limited to the mixer member 50, and as shown in Fig. 5 , a mixer 60 which includes a plurality of blades (fins) 62 radially provided around a hub 61 can also be used. In this case, an upstream side surface of the mixer 60 may be arranged in an inclined manner to face the injection nozzle 33 (see Fig. 3 ) directly.
  • the engine 10 is not limited to a diesel engine, and the present invention can be applied to other internal combustion engines such as a gasoline engine.
  • the present invention has an effect of enabling urea water (reducing agent) injected from an injection nozzle collide with an entire mixer member effectively, and can be used as an exhaust purification system or the like.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

An exhaust purification system is equipped with: a linear exhaust pipe 13 through which exhaust gas emitted from an engine 10 passes; an injection nozzle 33 that injects a reducing agent into the exhaust pipe 13 at an oblique angle with respect to the axial direction of the pipe; a reduction catalyst 41 that is provided in the exhaust system downstream from the injection nozzle 33, and that purifies the exhaust gas by causing the exhaust gas to react with the reducing agent; and a mixer member 50 that is provided inside the exhaust pipe 13, downstream from the injection nozzle 33, and that causes the reducing agent to mix with the exhaust gas and diffuse. The mixer member 50 includes multiple fins 54A and B protruding downstream, and is arranged inclined inside the exhaust pipe 13 such that the upstream surface 50A thereof faces the injection opening surface of the injection nozzle 33.

Description

    Technical Field
  • This disclosure relates to an exhaust purification system, and particularly to an exhaust purification system which is provided with a reduction catalyst.
  • Background Art
  • There has been known that such an exhaust purification system includes an injection nozzle that adds urea water into an exhaust pipe, and a selective reduction catalyst (referred to as SCR catalyst hereinafter) that takes ammonia generated from the urea water by hydrolysis with exhaust heat as a reducing agent and reduces and purifies nitrogen compounds (referred to as NOx hereinafter) contained in exhaust gas.
  • When distribution of the reducing agent supplied to the SCR catalyst is uneven, the ammonia becomes excessive in a region where a supply amount is large while the NOx cannot be sufficiently reduced and purified in a region where a supply amount is insufficient. Therefore, in order to improve reduction efficiency, it is necessary to mix and diffuse the reducing agent in the exhaust gas so as to evenly distribute the reducing agent in the SCR catalyst. For example, there is disclosed in PTL 1 a technology in which a mixer plate that includes a plurality of fins is provided between a reducing agent injection nozzle and an SCR catalyst so that a reducing agent can be efficiently mixed and diffused in exhaust gas.
  • Citation List Patent Literature
  • PTL 1: JP-A-2009-24654
  • Summary of Invention Technical Problem
  • Incidentally, in the technology described in PTL 1, the mixer plate is arranged vertically with respect to a pipe axial direction of an exhaust pipe and urea water is injected obliquely from the injection nozzle into the exhaust pipe with respect to the pipe axial direction. For this reason, the urea water obliquely injected in a substantially conical shape from the injection nozzle cannot collide with an entire surface of the plate, and particularly a plate region which is distant from the injection nozzle cannot be utilized effectively.
  • An object of the disclosure is to provide a system in which urea water (reducing agent) injected from an injection nozzle can effectively collide with an entire mixer member.
  • Solution to Problem
  • The system of the disclosure includes an exhaust pipe, which has a straight line shape, and through which exhaust gas discharged from an engine flows; an injection nozzle configured to inject a reducing agent into the exhaust pipe in a direction obliquely with respect to a pipe axial direction into the exhaust pipe; a reduction catalyst provided in an exhaust system that is on a downstream side of the injection nozzle and configured to purify the exhaust gas by reacting the exhaust gas with the reducing agent; and a mixer member provided inside the exhaust pipe on the downstream side of the injection nozzle and on an upstream side of the reduction catalyst and configured to mix and diffuse the reducing agent with the exhaust gas, in which the mixer member includes a plurality of fins protruding to the downstream side, and the mixer member is arranged inside the exhaust pipe in an inclined manner such that an upstream side surface of the mixer member, which is on an opposite side of the fins, faces an injection port surface of the injection nozzle.
  • The mixer member may be arranged inside the exhaust pipe in an inclined manner such that the upstream side surface is perpendicular to an injection axial direction of the injection nozzle.
  • The linear piping may be formed in a cylindrical shape, and the mixer member may include a ring member having an elliptic annular shape, an outer periphery of the ring member being fixed to an inner periphery of the linear piping, a plurality of the plate members arranged inside the ring member in a grid shape, and the plurality of fins that is integrally formed with the plurality of plate members and is bent at a predetermined angle.
  • The injection nozzle may be configured to inject urea water into the linear piping and the reduction catalyst may be a selective reduction catalyst that takes ammonia generated from the urea water by hydrolysis with exhaust heat as a reducing agent and reduces and purifies nitrogen compounds contained in the exhaust gas.
  • Advantageous Effects of Invention
  • According to the system of the disclosure, the urea water (reducing agent) injected from the injection nozzle can collide with the entire mixer member effectively.
  • Brief Description of Drawings
    • [Fig. 1] Fig. 1 is a schematic overall configuration diagram illustrating an exhaust purification system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
    • [Fig. 2] Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a mixer member according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
    • [Fig. 3] Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating main parts of an exhaust purification system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
    • [Fig. 4] Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating main parts of an exhaust purification system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
    • [Fig. 5] Fig. 5 is a schematic front view illustrating a mixer according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
    Description of Embodiments
  • Hereinafter, an exhaust purification system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure will be described based on the accompanying drawings. Same reference numbers are attached to same components, and names and functions thereof are also the same. Therefore, detailed descriptions with respect to these same components will not be repeated.
  • As shown in Fig. 1, an exhaust system of a diesel engine (hereinafter, simply referred to as engine) 10 is provided with an exhaust manifold 11, an upstream piping 12, a front stage casing 20, a linear piping 13, a rear stage casing 40 and a discharge piping 14, in order from an exhaust upstream side.
  • The upstream piping 12 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and an upstream end thereof is connected to the exhaust manifold 11 and a downstream end thereof is connected to an upstream side opening part of the front stage casing 20.
  • The front casing 20 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and a first oxidation catalyst 21 and a filter 22 are accommodated therein in order from the exhaust upstream side.
  • The first oxidation catalyst 21 is formed by supporting a catalyst component or the like on a surface of a ceramic carrier such as a cordierite honeycomb structure, for example. When unburned fuel is supplied by post injection of the engine 10 or by exhaust pipe injection of an exhaust pipe nozzle (not shown), the first oxidation catalyst 21 oxides the unburned fuel and raises exhaust temperature.
  • The filter 22, for example, is formed by arranging a number of cells divided by porous partition walls along a flow direction of exhaust, and alternately sealing upstream sides and downstream sides of the cells. The filter 22 collects particulate matter (PM) in the exhaust to fine pores or surfaces of the partition walls, and performs filter forced regeneration in which the PM are burned and removed when a PM accumulation estimation amount reaches a predetermined amount.
  • The linear piping 13 is formed in a substantially straight cylindrical shape, and connects a downstream side opening part of the front stage casing 20 and an upstream side opening part of the rear stage casing 40. An injection nozzle 33 configuring a part of a urea water injection device 30 is provided in the linear piping 13, and a mixer plate 50 that will be described in detail later is further provided in the linear piping 13 on a downstream side of the injection nozzle 33.
  • The urea water injection device 30 includes a urea water tank 31 that stores urea water, a urea water pump 32 that pumps up the urea water from the urea water tank 31 and an injection nozzle 33 that injects the urea water into the linear piping 13. The urea water that is injected from the injection nozzle 33 into the linear piping 13 generates ammonia (NH3) by hydrolysis with exhaust heat and the ammonia is supplied to an SCR catalyst 41 on the downstream side as a reducing agent.
  • The rear stage casing 40 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and the SCR catalyst 41 and a second oxidation catalyst 42 are accommodated therein in order from the exhaust upstream side.
  • The SCR catalyst 41 is formed by supporting zeolite or the like on a porous ceramic carrier, for example. The SCR catalyst 41 absorbs ammonia that is supplied from the injection nozzle 33 as the reducing agent, and selectively reduces and purifies NOx from the exhaust passing through by the absorbed ammonia.
  • The second oxidation catalyst 42 is formed by, for example, supporting a catalyst component or the like on a surface of a ceramic carrier such as a cordierite honeycomb structure, and has a function of oxidizing ammonia slipped from the SCR catalyst 41 to the downstream side.
  • Next, detailed configurations of a mixer member 50 of the present embodiment will be described based on Fig. 2.
  • As shown in Fig. 2, configuration of the mixer member 50 includes an elliptic annular shaped ring member 51, a plurality of plate members 53A, 53B that are arranged in a grid shape inside the ring member 51 so as to form an exhaust gas passage, and a plurality of fins 54A, 54B that are formed integrally with the plate members 53A and protrude toward the exhaust downstream side. Each of the fins 54A, 54B is formed by making a V-shaped notch on the plate member53A and bending a left portion in a trapezoid shape at a predetermined angle. Further, each of the fins 54A, 54B is formed such that fins 54A bent in one direction (direction A as shown) and fins 54B bent in another direction (direction B as shown) are alternately arranged in parallel.
  • Accordingly, the fins 54A, 54B bent in opposite directions are alternately arranged, so that turbulence is generated in the exhaust gas passing through the mixer member 50, and mixing and diffusing of the reducing agent with the exhaust gas is effectively promoted. Further, a plurality of fins 54A, 54B is attached with the urea water and contacts with high temperature exhaust gas that passes through, so that efficiency of generating ammonia from the urea water is effectively improved.
  • Next, configurations of the linear piping 13 and the mixer member 50 of the present embodiment will be described based on Fig. 3.
  • As shown in Fig. 3, the injection nozzle 33 is fixed to a seat portion 13A of the linear piping 13 by a bolt or the like (not shown) such that an injection axis Y of the injection nozzle 33 is inclined with respect to a pipe axial direction X of the linear piping 13 at a predetermined angle. In the mixer member 50, an outer periphery of the ring member 51 is fixed to an inner periphery of the linear piping 13 by welding or the like, such that an upstream side surface 50A (a side surface on an opposite side of fins 54A, 54B) of the mixer member 50 is inclined with respect to the pipe axial direction X and is perpendicular to the injection axis Y. Incidentally, the upstream side surface 50A of the mixer member 50 is not necessarily completely perpendicular to the injection axis Y of the injection nozzle 33 and may incline ± 5 degrees.
  • That is, the mixer member 50 is mounted inside the linear piping 13 such that the upstream side surface 50A thereof faces substantially in parallel with an opening surface of an injecting opening 33A of the injection nozzle 33. Accordingly, the upstream side surface 50A of the mixer member 50 is made to face the injection nozzle 33 directly, so that the urea water (reducing agent) injected in a substantially conical shape from the injection nozzle 33 collides with an entire surface of the upstream side surface 50A evenly.
  • As described specifically above, according to the present embodiment, the mixer member 50 is mounted inside the linear piping 13 in an inclined manner and the upstream side surface 50A of the mixer member 50 faces the injecting opening 33A of the injection nozzle 33 directly, so that the urea water injected in a substantially conical shape from the injection nozzle 33 can collide with the entire surface of the upstream side surface 50A evenly. Accordingly, the entire mixer member 50 can be utilized effectively to promote mixing and diffusing of the exhaust gas with the reducing agent, and reducing efficiency of the SCR catalyst 41 can be reliably improved.
  • Further, by distributing the ammonia (reducing agent) on the SCR catalyst 41 evenly, it is possible to suppress ammonia slip effectively, and capacity reduction of the second oxidation catalyst 42 on the downstream side or cost reduction of the entire device can be effectively realized.
  • Incidentally, the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiment and can be appropriately modified and practiced without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure.
  • For example, as shown in Fig. 4, an inclination angle of the mixer member 50 may be set gentler than that in the above embodiment. For example, the mixer member 50 may be arranged inside the exhaust pipe in an inclined manner such that the upstream side surface 50A of the mixer member 50 is about 60 degrees to about 85 degrees with respect to the injection axis Y of the injection nozzle 33. In this case, by setting a bending angle of each of the fins 54A, 54B to an acute angle as separating from the injection nozzle 33, attachment of the urea water to the fins 54A, 54B can be promoted effectively.
  • Further, a mechanism for mixing and diffusing the reducing agent and the exhaust gas is not limited to the mixer member 50, and as shown in Fig. 5, a mixer 60 which includes a plurality of blades (fins) 62 radially provided around a hub 61 can also be used. In this case, an upstream side surface of the mixer 60 may be arranged in an inclined manner to face the injection nozzle 33 (see Fig. 3) directly.
  • Further, the engine 10 is not limited to a diesel engine, and the present invention can be applied to other internal combustion engines such as a gasoline engine.
  • The present application is based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-064111 filed on March 28, 2016 , contents of which are incorporated herein as reference.
  • Industrial Applicability
  • The present invention has an effect of enabling urea water (reducing agent) injected from an injection nozzle collide with an entire mixer member effectively, and can be used as an exhaust purification system or the like.
  • Reference Sings List
  • 10
    engine
    11
    exhaust manifold
    12
    upstream piping
    13
    linear piping
    20
    front stage casing
    30
    urea water injecting device
    31
    urea water tank
    32
    urea water pump
    33
    injection nozzle
    40
    rear stage casing
    41
    SCR catalyst
    50
    mixer member
    51
    ring member
    53A, B
    plate member
    54A, B
    fin

Claims (4)

  1. An exhaust purification system comprising:
    an exhaust pipe, which has a straight line shape, and through which exhaust gas discharged from an engine flows;
    an injection nozzle configured to inject a reducing agent into the exhaust pipe in a direction obliquely with respect to a pipe axial direction;
    a reduction catalyst provided in an exhaust system that is on a downstream side of the injection nozzle and configured to purify the exhaust gas by reacting the exhaust gas with the reducing agent; and
    a mixer member provided inside the exhaust pipe on the downstream side of the injection nozzle and on an upstream side of the reduction catalyst and configured to mix and diffuse the reducing agent with the exhaust gas,
    wherein the mixer member comprises a plurality of fins protruding to the downstream side, and wherein the mixer member is arranged inside the exhaust pipe in an inclined manner such that an upstream side surface of the mixer member, which is on an opposite side of the fins, faces an injection port surface of the injection nozzle.
  2. The exhaust purification system according to claim 1, wherein the mixer member is arranged inside the exhaust pipe in an inclined manner such that the upstream side surface is perpendicular to an injection axial direction of the injection nozzle.
  3. The exhaust purification system according to claim 1 or 2,
    wherein the linear piping is formed in a cylindrical shape, and
    wherein the mixer member comprises:
    a ring member having an elliptic annular shape, an outer periphery of the ring member being fixed to an inner periphery of the linear piping;
    a plurality of plate members arranged inside the ring member in a grid shape; and
    the plurality of the fins that is integrally formed with the plurality of plate members and is bent at a predetermined angle.
  4. The exhaust purification system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
    wherein the injection nozzle is configured to inject urea water into the linear piping, and
    wherein the reduction catalyst is a selective reduction catalyst that takes ammonia generated from the urea water by hydrolysis with exhaust heat as a reducing agent and reduces and purifies nitrogen compounds contained in the exhaust gas.
EP17774649.2A 2016-03-28 2017-03-23 Exhaust purification system Active EP3438426B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2016064111A JP6662144B2 (en) 2016-03-28 2016-03-28 Exhaust gas purification system
PCT/JP2017/011671 WO2017170108A1 (en) 2016-03-28 2017-03-23 Exhaust purification system

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3438426A1 true EP3438426A1 (en) 2019-02-06
EP3438426A4 EP3438426A4 (en) 2019-02-06
EP3438426B1 EP3438426B1 (en) 2020-05-13

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EP17774649.2A Active EP3438426B1 (en) 2016-03-28 2017-03-23 Exhaust purification system

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US (1) US10450921B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3438426B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6662144B2 (en)
CN (1) CN109072752A (en)
WO (1) WO2017170108A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7003722B2 (en) * 2018-02-20 2022-01-21 いすゞ自動車株式会社 Reducing agent sprayer
CN108686531B (en) * 2018-06-29 2024-04-05 东风商用车有限公司 Simplified shell-and-tube fluid mixer
DE112019006627T5 (en) * 2019-01-11 2021-11-18 Cummins Emission Solutions Inc. Post-treatment system with several dosing modules
JP7345405B2 (en) * 2019-05-30 2023-09-15 日本碍子株式会社 Mixer for exhaust gas purification equipment, exhaust gas purification equipment, and exhaust gas purification method
CN112922705B (en) * 2021-03-11 2022-04-01 无锡恒和环保科技有限公司 Novel post-treatment urea mixer for diesel engine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20050655A1 (en) 2005-04-15 2006-10-16 Iveco Spa STATIC MIXER
CN101627190B (en) * 2007-03-12 2012-05-30 博世株式会社 Exhaust gas purification apparatus for internal combustion engine
JP2009024654A (en) 2007-07-23 2009-02-05 Bosch Corp Exhaust emission control device for internal combustion engine, mixer plate, mixer unit, and press molding device for mixer plate
US9429058B2 (en) 2008-12-01 2016-08-30 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Mixing devices for selective catalytic reduction systems
KR101664494B1 (en) * 2010-07-08 2016-10-13 두산인프라코어 주식회사 Static mixer for mixing urea aqueous solution and engine exhaust gas
CN201776091U (en) * 2010-08-17 2011-03-30 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 Mixer
JP5321667B2 (en) * 2011-10-18 2013-10-23 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Dispersion plate
JP5799788B2 (en) * 2011-12-12 2015-10-28 いすゞ自動車株式会社 Internal combustion engine and control method thereof
DE102013223956A1 (en) 2013-11-22 2015-05-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Device for exhaust aftertreatment
EP3099906B1 (en) * 2014-01-31 2018-10-10 Donaldson Company, Inc. Dosing and mixing arrangement for use in exhaust aftertreatment
DE102014205158A1 (en) * 2014-03-19 2015-09-24 Eberspächer Exhaust Technology GmbH & Co. KG Mixer for an exhaust system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN109072752A (en) 2018-12-21
JP6662144B2 (en) 2020-03-11
US10450921B2 (en) 2019-10-22
US20190120110A1 (en) 2019-04-25
EP3438426B1 (en) 2020-05-13
WO2017170108A1 (en) 2017-10-05
JP2017180133A (en) 2017-10-05
EP3438426A4 (en) 2019-02-06

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