EP3436393A1

EP3436393A1 - Device for monitoring operating data and/or determining the replacement state of wear of a cable during use on lifting apparatuses

Info

Publication number: EP3436393A1
Application number: EP17715908.4A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Thorsten HESSELBEIN
Original assignee: Liebherr Werk Biberach GmbH
Current assignee: Liebherr Werk Biberach GmbH
Priority date: 2016-04-05
Filing date: 2017-04-05
Publication date: 2019-02-06
Anticipated expiration: 2037-04-05
Also published as: EP3436393B1; BR112018070272B1; DE202016002171U1; ES2806808T3; US20190062127A1; RU2018138577A3; CN109071188B; BR112018070272A2; CN109071188A; WO2017174191A1; RU2729841C2; RU2018138577A; US10421647B2

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for monitoring operating data and/or determining the replacement state of wear of a cable (1) during use on lifting apparatuses, in particular cranes, comprising a sensing apparatus (2) for sensing at least one cable utilization characteristic value influencing the replacement state of wear and a data store (5) for storing the cable utilization characteristic value and/or an operating characteristic value derived therefrom, characterized in that the data store (5) is integrated into the cable (1), wherein a reading and/or writing unit (4) connected to the sensing apparatus (2) is provided for writing to the data store (5) when the cable (1) is installed on the lifting apparatus. The invention further relates to a lifting apparatus, in particular a crane such as a tower crane, port crane, or telescopic crane, comprising a cable (1) and comprising said device.

Description

Device for monitoring operating data and / or determining the Ablegereife a rope when used on lifting equipment

The present invention relates generally to hoists such as cranes using ropes such as high strength fiber ropes. The invention relates in particular to a device for monitoring operating data and / or determining the Ablegereife such a rope when used on such hoists, with a detection device for detecting at least one Ablegereife the influencing Seilnutzungskenngröße and a data memory for storing the detected cable usage characteristics and / or one derived from this operating characteristic, which indicates the remaining life and / or Ablegereife the rope.

More recently, cranes have been attempting to substitute high performance fiber ropes made of synthetic fibers such as aramid fibers (HMPA), aramid / carbon fiber blends, high modulus polyethylene fibers (HMPE) or poly (p-phenylene-2,6) instead of the proven steel rope that has been used for many years benzobisoxazole) fibers (PBO). The advantage of such high-strength fiber ropes lies in their low weight. With the same rope diameters and the same or higher tensile strengths, such high-strength fiber ropes are significantly lighter than corresponding steel ropes. Especially for tall cranes with correspondingly long cable lengths This results in a greater weight savings, which enters into the dead load of the crane and leads to correspondingly higher payloads with otherwise unchanged design of the crane.

However, a disadvantageous characteristic of such high-strength fiber ropes is their fracture behavior or their failure without significant, longer advance notice. While steel ropes show wear clearly, foreshadowing long-term failure, such as breakage of single steel wires and corresponding splicing that is easily noticed, high strength fiber ropes show little signs of excessive wear that would be easily noticeable to the eye would clearly show for a long time before the actual failure. In this respect, intelligent monitoring measures are required in order to be able to detect the disposal of high-strength fiber ropes in good time.

From document US 2015/0197408 A1, a fiber rope is known, in which in addition to the tensile force transmitting fiber bundles an indicator strand is embedded, which is relatively weak and should break in any case before the complete rope failure to issue an early warning signal. The indicator strand is acted upon with the aid of an RFID chip with a test signal whose transmission or response is impaired in a fraction of the indicator strand, from which then can be concluded on the Ablegereife. Although this previously known rope offers a kind of early warning or early warning system. However, before reaching Ablegreife, which shows in a fraction of the indicator strand, it can not be said how far the rope is still removed from the Ablegereife or how far the rope has progressed in its life and load duration.

The document DE 10 2012 105 261 A1 likewise discloses a cable in which an RFID chip is embedded. In the said RFID chip, certain manufacturer data, such as charge, raw materials used, stranding speed or stranding date, are to be deposited in the production during the stranding in order to be able to draw conclusions about the manufacturing conditions in the event of a later breakage of the rope or general problems with the rope , Because of the before mentioned, depending on the location and use of very different influences on the life of a rope, which can lead to a strong dispersion of the actual life, the actual Ablegereife can hardly predict precisely from the said manufacturer stored data of the rope, however, which is especially true for fiber ropes an unforeseen failure or vice versa in a worst-case setting can lead to a gift of a larger part of the usual life.

The document US Pat. No. 8,912,889 B2 describes an electric power cable in which an RFID chip attached to the cable is used to determine the twisting or torsion of the cable that occurs during laying or winding and unwinding.

With the aforementioned cable systems, it is therefore not yet reliable and precise possible to predict the Ablegereife a rope under different operating conditions and to be able to analyze a claim based on the operating conditions. So far, systems have already been proposed by means of which operating parameters of a hoist such as load strokes and bending changes can be monitored in order to be able to draw conclusions about the lifetime of the system.

From DE 199 56 265 B4 a device for monitoring the operation of hoisting winches on cranes is known, which monitors the cable force of the hoisting rope and the lever arm of the hoisting rope on the winch and determines therefrom acting on the winch load cycles, which are stored in a load collective counter , This load collective counter is integrated in the hoist winch to preserve its history when removing and reinstalling the hoist winch. Furthermore, EP 0 749 934 A2 discloses a load collective counter which determines the load changes that occur, determines the cable force which stresses the hoist winch for each load change, calculates the load collective and calculates and displays the remaining service life of the hoist winch using the so-called booster lines. However, such monitoring measures of hoist winch can not really reliably indicate the remaining life or the Ablegereife a high-strength fiber rope, since the high-strength fiber ropes are subject to many wear-affecting loads and impairments that are independent of the wind stress, such as the deflection and bending stresses on pulleys, external On the other hand, rigid lifetime specifications for high-strength fiber ropes are hardly compatible with each other in terms of economic utilization of the actual life and compliance with the necessary safety, as a function of the conditions of use and the external effects on the high-strength fiber rope whose life and wear can vary greatly.

From WO 2012/100938 A1, it is also known to monitor several cable characteristics of a high-strength fiber rope, which show characteristic changes in approaching the Ablegereife. Even if a rope characteristic should show no or no significant or no sufficiently strong change, the Ablegereife can be detected by monitoring other rope characteristics, especially if several parameters show changes. In this case, the detection device of the device for detecting the Ablegereife comprises a plurality of differently formed detection means for magnetic, mechanical, optical and electronic detection of several different cable characteristics that can be evaluated by the evaluation individually and / or in combination with each other to detect the Ablegereife. Despite the evaluation of several rope characteristics, however, the problem remains that the discard state is not always given the same changes in the characteristic of the rope, or there is no rigid relationship between individual changes in the characteristics of the rope and the risk of discarding. Depending on the individual case, for example, a change in the transverse stiffness or a number of bending cycles may have a different meaning for the discard period.

On this basis, the present invention has the object, an improved device for monitoring the Ablegereife of high-strength Specify fiber ropes relevant operating influences, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art and the latter develops in an advantageous manner. Preferably, a reliable, precise determination of the Ablegereife is to be made possible, the remaining life of the fiber rope economically exploits, and allows the use of the rope on various hoists, without compromising safety and this works with simple, even under heavy operating conditions for construction equipment reliably working ,

According to the invention this object is achieved by a device according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

It is therefore proposed, during the use of the rope on the hoist for the life of the rope and / or its Ablegereife relevant Seilnutzungs- parameters and / or operating characteristics to monitor and this cable usage data or derived operating characteristics, the operating life and / or Ablegereife the rope relate directly to the rope store. By storing operating data that characterize the use of the rope and / or its effect on the remaining life of the rope, directly in the rope has the great advantage that the remaining life or Ablegereife the rope can be precisely determined even if the rope from a hoist is dismantled and reassembled on another hoist, since the cable can take along "its" usage data and make it available again to the new hoist and its evaluation and monitoring devices Rope utilization characteristic and / or a derived therefrom operating characteristics is integrated into the rope, wherein a read and / or write unit connected to the detection device for detecting said cable use characteristic is provided for describing the data memory in rope mounted on the hoist Scream Thus, it is intended and described to describe the data memory integrated into the cable while the cable is being used on the hoist or, as intended, at the hoist. assembled state. The cable usage parameter or the operating characteristic data derived therefrom are stored in the cable or the data memory provided there, while the cable is on the hoist.

Said reading and / or writing unit can be mounted in an advantageous development of the invention on the hoist and thus communicate with different ropes. If, for example, a detachable rope is dismantled and replaced by a new rope, the reading and / or writing unit can also communicate with the new rope.

By storing the cable usage data directly in or on the rope and thereby taking along the cable use characteristics, when a rope is dismantled and mounted on another crane, the cable usage characteristics stored in the rope can be read out on a new hoist and released from the Steue - tion and / or evaluation of the new hoist to be used to precisely monitor the use of the cable and the possibly resulting. Ablegereifeife. In addition, if necessary, the operation of the hoist can be locked if in a rope already the Ablegereife has been stored and this to be deposited in the rope is accidentally re-mounted on a new hoist. As a result, it can be reliably prevented that ropes which have become unstable are inadvertently used further.

Alternatively or in addition to such a hoist-side provided reading and / or writing unit, however, it would also be conceivable to provide a reading and / or writing unit on the rope itself and communicate communicatively with the detection device for detecting the at least one cable usage parameter.

In a further development of the invention, the reading and / or writing unit and the data memory can be designed to communicate with each other wirelessly. The data that is written to the data store can be sent wirelessly from the read and / or write unit to the data store. Vice versa It can also be provided that the data can be read out of the data memory wirelessly.

In particular, an RFID element can be integrated into the cable as data storage, in which case the reading and / or writing unit can have a radio transmitter and / or receiver, in particular a radio-frequency transmitter and receiver.

As an alternative or in addition to such an RFI D chip, the data memory can also comprise other memory means, for example in the form of a remote-readable RAM memory.

It should be noted that in order to describe the data memory integrated in the cable and to read out the data, basically separate units may be provided, for example in the form of a pure writing unit on the one hand and a read-only unit on the other hand, and it may also be sufficient if only the operating data is documented to be able to work with a reading unit and only to be able to write data to the data memory. Preferably, however, a read and write unit is provided which can both write data to the data memory and read it from there.

Said reading and / or writing unit can be directly connected to the detection device, which detects the at least one cable usage parameter, in order to be able to store the relevant, detected cable usage data directly into the data memory. Alternatively or additionally, an indirect connection with the usage data acquisition may also be provided, in particular via a control and / or evaluation device which evaluates the recorded cable usage parameter and determines an operating parameter derived therefrom, for example the remaining service life and / or the percentage achievement of the service life , Such derived operating parameters, such as the remaining cable operating hours, may advantageously be included in the data in addition to the cable usage characteristics which were directly detected by the detection device. stored on the rope. In addition, cable identification data and / or production data such as, for example, manufacturing batch, distribution characteristics etcetera can also be stored in the data memory.

The reading and / or writing unit can in principle accomplish the laying down of the data in the said data memory of the cable and / or the reading out of the data therefrom, for example whenever the hoist, for example the crane, is put into operation or is turned off. Alternatively or in addition to such writing / reading at the beginning and end of an operating phase, the reading and / or writing unit can also be designed such that the detected cable usage characteristics and / or the operating parameters derived therefrom cyclically at predetermined time intervals in the data memory of Ropes are written and / or read from it.

In a similar manner, the reading and / or writing unit can transmit data read from the data memory to a control and / or evaluation device of the hoist, for example in the aforementioned manner at the beginning or end of an operating phase, in particular when the hoist is switched on and when the hoist is switched off Hoist and / or in said cyclical manner at predetermined time intervals. The control and / or evaluation device can then transmit the cable usage characteristics transmitted in this way and / or the operating parameters derived therefrom, for example by remote data transmission to a maintenance and / or monitoring station, by means of which the operation of the hoist can be remotely monitored and / or remotely maintained ,

In order to enable a reliable, simple data transmission between the data storage on the rope and the read and / or write unit on the hoist, the read and / or write unit and the data memory are arranged in spatial proximity to each other in an advantageous development of the invention. For this purpose, it may be provided in an advantageous manner that the data memory is integrated at a cable end portion in said rope. In a further development of the invention, the data storage may be provided at a cable end, which is posted on a hoist winch, in which case advantageously the reading and / or writing unit in the hoist winch, in particular attached to the hoist winch itself. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, said reading and / or writing unit may be mounted on a flange of the drum on which the rope is wound. In this case, it may be particularly advantageous if the data memory is integrated into a cable end section which is permanently fixed in the area of said flange, for example by means of cable clamps, cable locks or an end fixing spoiler, around which a clamped cable eye can be placed.

Alternatively or in addition to such an arrangement of data storage and read and / or write unit on a hoist the data storage can also be provided on a fixed end portion of the rope, in which case advantageously the read and / or write unit on a structural part of the hoist may be mounted on which the fixed end of the rope is posted or attached.

The at least one cable usage parameter detected by the detection device can basically be of different nature.

For example, environmental influences and / or weather data to which the cable is exposed when the cable is attached to the crane can be detected as a cable usage and / or operating parameter that is relevant for the determination of the readiness for removal, in which case crane operating times and / or Downtime can be considered. Advantageously, the detection device has at least one detecting means for detecting environmental influences on the rope, which can be evaluated by the evaluation device for detecting the Ablegereife and are stored by the reading and / or writing unit in the data memory of the rope. Different environmental influences can be relevant and thus recorded. For example, particles deposited on the rope and / or the cable drum, such as dust, sand or soot, can lead to an increased abrasion load on the cable surface and thereby accelerate the discarding process. In a further development of the invention, the aforementioned detection means may comprise a particle detector for detecting the dirt particles present in the ambient air. Depending on the amount of dirt particles detected over time and / or the nature of the dirt particles, the evaluation device can then determine the laying-off state of the rope.

As an alternative or in addition to the aforementioned environmental influences, according to a further aspect of the present invention, the aforesaid detection device also has a weather station for acquiring weather data to which the crane or the cable provided thereon is exposed and in dependence of which the evaluation device determines the discard condition. The said weather station can detect various climatic situations that may affect the life of the rope, for example, the temperature and / or UV radiation and / or the amount of precipitation and / or the precipitation profile and / or the humidity and / or water and / or salt water and / or snow and / or ice, which / can / can be stored by the reading and / or writing unit in the data storage on the rope / can.

The evaluation device can be designed such that it processes one or more of the aforementioned cable usage characteristics and takes into account in the determination of the Ablegereifeife. For example, if the rope is frequently subjected to very low and / or very high temperatures and / or is used at very low and / or very high temperatures, that is to say loads are subjected to bending changes, the discard condition can be detected earlier. Alternatively, or in addition, the discard condition may, for example, be detected earlier if the crane is used in very high radiation environments, that is, the rope is subjected to high UV radiation which can cause brittle high-strength fiber ropes to become brittle earlier. Alternatively or additionally high precipitation rates and / or high humidity and / or larger amounts of snow and ice are used to shorten the service life or be used to earlier release of the Ablegereifesignals. Alternatively or additionally, it can also be taken into account that salt water on the rope, for example in maritime locations or even the application of water to the rope, for example when used on offshore platforms or on rivers, can shorten the lifetime.

Preferably, the detection device additionally or alternatively to the aforementioned weather or environmental influence determining means comprises a plurality of differently formed detection means for magnetic, mechanical, optical and / or electronic detection of several different cable characteristics, the evaluation unit individually and / or in combination with each other for detecting the Ablegereife are evaluable. The consideration of various characteristics of the rope, such as the aforementioned environmental and weather data or mechanical rope characteristics such as the transverse compressive stiffness and cross-sectional change or alternatively or additionally to a rope elongation and magnetic rope properties or other mechanical, optical and / or electronic cable characteristics, for determining the Ablegereife is the consideration It is based on the fact that, depending on the load and effects on the fiber rope, it may be a different parameter indicating the rope wear or announces the Ablegereife, or the Ablegereife possibly not by an actually larger change only a single parameter but by smaller changes of several characteristics shows.

In a further development of the invention, the evaluation unit is designed in such a way that a deposition signal is provided when at least one of the detected cable characteristics or their change exceeds / falls below an associated limit, and then when one of all detected or a subset of the detected cable characteristics derived, indirect rope characteristic or whose change exceeds an associated limit value / falls below. In addition to the aforementioned cable usage parameters relating to the environmental influences to which the cable is exposed and / or the weather data available during use, the system can in particular also take into account and store in the cable the load spectrum acting on the cable and / or the bending changes that occur. To determine the Ablegereife the fiber rope can be used as the force acting on the rope load collective in particular the forces acting on the rope tensile stresses and / or acting on the rope bending change. For this purpose, a load collective counter can be provided which detects at least the cable pull load and the number of bending cycles as load collective acting on the fiber rope. The determination and evaluation of the aforementioned measurement data is possible via corresponding determination means or detection means or sensors whose measurement data are processed and evaluated in the evaluation device. In particular, a load sensor can detect the ongoing load of the rope over the operating time of the rope. To determine the bending changes, a rotary travel sensor on the drum of the winch can determine the rope length that is claimed. In the evaluation device, the load data and the Seilweg- or bending change data can be linked together to determine a load collective that can be compared with a predetermined maximum permissible load collective. If the number of the maximum permissible load collective is reached, the evaluation unit can output a corresponding deposit signal.

In a further development of the invention, various other cable characteristics can be used in addition to environmental and weather parameters, for example, a change in the transverse compressive stiffness or the cable cross-section. In particular, the detection device for detecting changes in the cable can have transverse pressure stiffness and / or cross-section determination means for determining the transverse compressive rigidity or the cable cross section, wherein the evaluation unit monitors the transverse compressive stiffness or the determined cable cross section for changes and possibly provides a deposit signal. The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to a preferred embodiment and associated drawings. In the drawings show:

Fig. 1: a schematic representation of the winch of a hoist, in particular in the form of the hoist winch of a crane such as a tower crane, wherein according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the wound around the cable drum rope has attached to the flange of the cable drum rope end, in the a writable data memory is integrated, wherein on the drum disk a read and / or write unit is provided which can communicate with said data memory,

2 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the invention, in which the data memory is integrated in a fixed cable end and the reading and / or writing unit is mounted on the structural part of the hoist, in particular a crane jib member, to which the fixed cable end is attached, and

3 shows a schematic representation of a hoist according to the invention in FIG

Shape of a tower crane according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the hoist rope and / or the guy ropes for the tilting boom can be designed as fiber ropes,

Fig. 3 shows an example of a hoist according to an embodiment of the invention, a crane in the form of an overhead turning tower crane 20, the tower 21 is mounted on a carriage or a fixed base. At the tower 21 in a conventional manner, a boom 23 is pivoted about a horizontal axis tiltable and braced over a guy strand 24. The bracing stranding 24 can be changed in length via a guy cable winch 25, so that the boom 23 can be changed in its angle of attack. For this purpose, a guy rope 26 runs on said guy winch 25. About pulleys 27, for example, on the bracing bar 50 shown or a spire is the Tie-down rope 26, and the guy stranding 24 guided to a pivot point on the boom 23 in the vicinity of the tip of the boom 23.

Alternatively, the tower crane 20 can of course also be provided with a trolley jib. In this case, a trolley, which can be moved, for example, by means of a trolley cable, which can be guided over deflection rollers on the jib tip, can be movably mounted on the extension arm 23.

Furthermore, the tower crane comprises a hoist rope 28 which can be lowered in the illustrated embodiment of Fig. 3 via pulleys on the jib tip from the top of the boom and there is connected to a crane hook 29, or run over the said movable trolley and provided there pulleys and may be connected to the crane hook 29. The said hoist rope 28 runs in both cases on a hoist winch 30 which, like the guy winch 25 of the embodiment according to FIG. 3, is arranged in the region of the ballast frame or another carrier part on the counter-jib 53.

The said hoist rope 28 and / or the guy rope 26 may be formed here as a fiber rope, which may consist of synthetic fibers such as aramid fibers or an aramid / carbon fiber mixture, or may be formed as a steel strand part o- of the mixed form.

In the following, only one rope 1 will be mentioned, whereby hereby each of the aforementioned guy or hoist ropes can be meant.

In order to be able to monitor or record parameters relevant to the discontinuation of said fiber rope, a detection device 2 is provided which can be arranged on the crane and is connected to the electronic crane control unit 31 together with an evaluation device 3 which evaluates the detected characteristics can be integrated. The detection device 2 comprises, as indicated in FIG. 3, various detection means in order, on the one hand, to monitor the rope 1 itself and to provide the evaluation unit 3 with rope data and rope characteristics. In particular, the detection means can provide mechanical characteristics of the cable 1, for example, the design and material of the cable, minimum cable tension when the load hook is empty, maximum permissible cable tension and minimum breaking force of the cable. Furthermore, the aforementioned detection means can provide the transverse rigidity of the cable and / or the flexural rigidity of the cable and / or the torsional rigidity of the cable, wherein on the one hand the values of said size in the new condition of the cable can be provided as stored values and continuous monitoring can take place. The abovementioned cable characteristics, such as transverse rigidity, bending stiffness and torsional rigidity, can be monitored and determined by measuring and / or recording means, as is explained, for example, in document WO 2012/100 938.

The detection means can, for example, also provide optical damage features that can be detected, for example, by a camera, and / or provide operational features which can be determined by data acquisition on the crane. In particular, the aforementioned detection means can provide mechanical damage, for example in the form of grinding marks on the cable sheath in signal form, or similar damage, for example. When the cable sheath is torn open and / or detached from the rope. Alternatively or additionally, interfaces and / or pinching of the rope or similar damaged areas of the cable sheath and / or the rope strands can be displayed and provided by external influence. Alternatively or additionally, a projection formation can be detected and provided by signal technology, for example by a strong displacement of the cable strands. Alternatively or additionally, a strong rotation of the cable sheath and / or twists per unit length can be determined and provided.

Depending on the degree of the defectiveness with regard to the features mentioned, the evaluation unit 3 can provide a drop-off ready signal and / or a residual life-duration signal. The detection means can also determine operational characteristics by appropriate measuring devices on the crane and provide the evaluation, so for example. Changes in the rope diameter and / or a rope elongation. Furthermore, a rope efficiency can be determined, that is, changes due to aging and operating time. Alternatively or additionally, the rope temperature can be detected, which occurs due to the crane operation and the ambient temperature during crane operation. If, for example, a maximum permissible rope temperature is exceeded, a changeover to adapted partial load operation can take place to maintain the cable safety. Alternatively or additionally, the aging of the rope can also be determined in particular in the form of a achieved resting time, wherein a maximum permissible resting time can be evaluated as a function of various influencing factors.

Furthermore, the evaluation device 3 can be supplied with various crane data, for example design data and crane settings such as the diameter of cable drums and pulleys, rope lengths and cable diameters, the number of sheds, drum dimensions in the form of drum diameter and jacket length, the number of maximum cable layers on the drum and the number of turns, and / or maximum provided for each rope speeds.

Furthermore, as crane data also operating data can be provided which can be detected by means of corresponding detection means during crane operation, such as the occurring during operation load range and the time of loading, a load measurement based on a cable strand, which can be done, for example. By a load sensor, and / or the lifting height or the cable path length depending on the load cycle, in which case, for example, a measurement can be made by a rotation sensor on the cable drum. Alternatively or additionally, the actually driven cable speed can be measured, for example by a corresponding rotational speed sensor on the cable drum. In particular, the mentioned detection device 2 may also comprise detection means for detecting the load spectrum acting on the respective fiber rope 1, wherein here advantageously at least the tensile load acting on the cable and the number of bending changes, but advantageously also other parameters influencing the fatigue strength, such as multilayer coiling, environmental influences, Temperature, cross strains and other can be detected.

In order to determine the said parameters, said detection means comprise corresponding sensors whose signals are supplied to said evaluation unit 3. In particular, a load-measuring sensor can detect the current load over the operating time of the cable. Advantageously, furthermore, a rotary travel sensor on the respective winch drum can measure the rope length that is claimed. In total, from this a load collective can be determined, for example in the form of a Wöhler curve, which can be compared with a predetermined maximum load spectrum for the fiber rope 1. If the number of the maximum permissible load collective, that is to say a certain number of bending changes under the influence of a specific load and / or certain load peaks, is reached, a warning and / or a specification can be made in which time the cable change must take place.

Furthermore, the detection device 2 has detection means for detecting environmental influences which act on the ropes 1 provided on the respective crane. The aforementioned detection means can advantageously also be provided on the respective crane.

As an alternative or in addition to the aforementioned environmental influence detection means, the detection device 2 may furthermore also comprise weather data detection means by means of which possible climatic situations which can influence the service life of the cable can be detected. The aforementioned detection means may, for example, be arranged in the form of a weather station on the respective crane or in the immediate vicinity thereof and provide corresponding weather data to the evaluation device 3. The recorded by the detection device 2 cable usage characteristics and / or derived therefrom by the evaluation device 3 operating characteristics such as residual life or Ablegereife are advantageously written by a read and / or write unit 4 in a data memory 5, which is integrated into the cable 1, in particular In a rope end section of the cable 1, said data memory 5 can have different configurations, in particular in the form of an RFID chip, in the manner explained in the introduction.

Said data memory 5 can in this case be arranged in particular in the interior of the cable 1 or embedded in the cable in order to protect the data memory from damage due to external influences. As far as the data memory 5 can be provided at the end of the rope, however, it is also possible to mount the data memory 5 on the outside or on the outside of the rope 1, since the rope end usually does not run through cable guide means or over deflection rollers.

If the data memory 5 in the above-mentioned manner is an RFID chip, the reading and / or writing unit 4 can have a radio receiver and transmitter, which can communicate with said RFID chip.

As shown in FIG. 1, said data memory 5 can advantageously be integrated into the cable end of the cable 1, which is fastened to the cable drum 6 of a cable winch 7. As shown in FIG. 1, it may be advantageous in this case if the said cable end is fastened to the flanged disk 8 of the cable drum 6, for example on its outer side, and the data memory 5 is integrated in a cable section which is fastened to the flanged disk 8.

In the case of an arrangement of the data memory 5 lying on the outside of the flanged disk 8, a communication connection with the reading and / or writing unit 4 can be established in a simple manner, in particular if this is also arranged in the area of the cable winch 7, in particular in the immediate vicinity of the said one Flange 8, for example directly opposite to this flange 8 and / or on a drive unit for driving the drum. The reading and / or writing unit 4 can also be mounted or mounted on the flange 8 itself.

As an alternative or in addition to the arrangement of the data memory 5 shown in FIG. 1 on a cable end attached to the winch with the arrangement of the read and / or write unit 4 assigned to the winch, the data memory 5 can also be attached to a fixed cable end of the cable, as shown in FIG 1 to be arranged. As shown in FIG. 2, a cable end of the cable 1 may be fixedly attached to a structural part of the hoist, in particular the crane, such as a crane jib, wherein the data memory may be integrated in the cable end section which is in the manner shown in FIG firmly struck on the structural part.

The reading and / or writing unit 4 can advantageously be mounted on the said structural part of the hoist, in particular in the vicinity of the fixed end of the rope, in particular on the jib part of the crane, as shown in FIG.

Claims

claims

1. A device for monitoring operating data and / or determining the Ablegereife a rope (1) when used on lifting equipment, in particular cranes, with a detection device (2) for detecting at least one Abelifeife influencing the cable usage characteristic and a data memory (5) for storing the cable usage and / or an operating parameter derived therefrom, characterized in that the data memory (5) is integrated in the cable (1), wherein a reading and / or writing unit (4) connected to the detection device (2) for writing the data memory (5 ) is provided with rope mounted on the hoist (1).

2. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein the reading and / or writing unit (4) is mounted on the hoist.

3. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the read and / or write unit (4) and the data memory (5) are formed wirelessly communicating with each other.

4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the data memory (5) comprises an RFID element and the read and / or write unit (4) comprises a radio transmitter and / or receiver.

5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reading and / or writing unit (4) is mounted on a winch (7) to whose drum (6) the rope (1) is wound.

6. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein the reading and / or writing unit is arranged on or opposite a flanged disc (8) of the drum (6) in the region of a cable end attachment.

7. Device according to one of the two preceding claims, wherein the data memory (5) in a rope end portion of the rope (1) is integrated, which is attached to the drum (6) of a winch (7), in particular its flange (8).

8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the or a further reading and / or writing unit (4) on a structural part of the hoist in the region of the attachment point (9) of a fixed cable end (10) of the rope (1) is mounted and the Data memory (5) is integrated in the fixed cable end.

9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the read and / or write unit (4) is adapted to each at commissioning and / or decommissioning of the hoist, the at least one Seilnutztungs- characteristic and / or derived therefrom operating characteristic in the data memory ( 5) to write and / or read from the data memory (5).

10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the read and / or write unit (4) is adapted to cyclically write the at least one Seilnutzungs- characteristic and / or derived operating characteristic at predetermined time intervals in the data memory (5) and / or read from it.

11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the read and / or write unit is adapted to the stored in the data memory (5) at least one cable usage characteristic and / or stored in the data memory (5) operating characteristic each time when putting the hoist and / or read cyclically at predetermined time intervals and to transmit to a control and / or evaluation device (3) of the hoist.

12. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the detection device (2) comprises at least one of the following detection means, the detection data of the evaluation device (3) can be evaluated to determine the Ablegereife:

Having detection means for detecting prevailing on the hoist Wetterund / or climatic data,

a UV radiation sensor for determining the rope (1) acting on

UV radiation, preferably in the form of a radiation dosimeter,

a particle detector for detecting the presence in the ambient air

Dirt particles, in particular dust and / or sand and / or soot,

a lubricant sampler for detecting on the rope (1) acting

Lubricants, especially oils and greases,

a concrete side sensor for detecting concrete,

a chemical sensor for detecting chemicals affecting the rope (1),

a snow and / or ice sensor for detecting snow and / or ice, a precipitation and / or moisture sensor for determining a precipitation profile and / or moisture Salt content determining means for determining the salt content in the determined moisture

13. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the detection device (2) comprises a plurality of differently formed detection means for detecting a plurality of different cable usage characteristics, which can be evaluated by the said evaluation device (3) in combination with each other for detecting the Ablegereife.

14. hoist, in particular crane such as tower crane, port crane or telescopic crane, with a rope (1) and a device which is designed according to one of the preceding claims.