EP3414514A1

EP3414514A1 - A fragmentation shot with ready destructive elements

Info

Publication number: EP3414514A1
Application number: EP16798379.0A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Stancho Petkov PETKOV
Original assignee: Transmobil Ltd
Current assignee: Transmobil Ltd
Priority date: 2016-02-08
Filing date: 2016-10-28
Publication date: 2018-12-19
Also published as: MA43989A; WO2017136905A1; EA034385B1; EA201891798A1

Abstract

The invention is related to a fragmentation shot with ready-made kinetic destructive elements, aiming at destroying enemy's manpower and artillery means located outdoors in trenches and field hideaways be means of radial spread of the flow of the ready-made kinetic destructive elements. The fragmentation shot consists of a complex casing of caliber 4 и over-caliber (2) fragmentation warheads - blasting explosive (8) is hosted inside. The front fuse device (1) is located in the front part while the ready-made kinetic destructive elements (7) as one whole are technologically mounted in the cylindrical part of the casings. The gunpowder start charge (5) with a stabilizer is firmly mounted at the rear side of the caliber warhead (4).

Description

A FRAGMENTATION SHOT WITH READY DESTRUCTIVE ELEMENTS

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention related to a fragmentation shot with destructive elements aiming at destroying enemy's manpower and artillery means located outdoors in trenches and field hideaways, by means of radially distributed flow of ready-made kinetic destructive elements.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] Grenade (PG-18) construction is known and used in destruction of various kinds of targets - and it has a warhead and a jet engine; the warhead has a casing - a cumulative warhead with explosive, fuse device and destructive elements are located in its front part. The jet engine is firmly connected to the warhead. The warhead casing has radially-oriented inclined openings formed - and they serve for the release of gunpowder gases emitted during the operation of the jet engine; these also give the swirling movement of the warhead. The warhead swirling around its axis improves the accuracy of shooting and has an effective operation at a distance of some 200 m; while the cumulative charge provides the possibility of destroying targets of armor thickness of up to 300 mm.

[0003] A drawback of the described construction design is the limited range of the warhead and armor penetration as well as the insufficient efficiency of impact on targets located in trenches.

[0004] The RU 2118788 CI Patent publication is known - and it describes a cumulative fragmentation grenade consisting of front over-caliber part, containing an explosive substance, fuse device and a metal explosive block filled with ready destructive elements.

[0005] A drawback of the described cumulative fragmentation grenade is the fact it is not sufficiently effective in terms of destruction of targets - due to the limited possibility to use a large part of the metal mass as part of the warhead to be used as part of the destructive elements. In addition - when the warhead explodes before (reaching) the target of destruction, the destructive elements are spread in a limited circular field, practically not spread in an axial direction - i. e. the described device has a small limited field of destruction.

[0006] The RU 2362962 Patent publication is known - and it describes a fragmentation over- caliber grenade consisting of front over-caliber cumulative fragmentation warhead and a caliber part connected to it, consisting of a jet engine and a stabilizer. The over-caliber cumulative fragmentation warhead is composed of linked in-between front and rear sections; the front one has a destructive unit (consisting of casing filled with explosive substance) while the rear part of the casing hosts an exploder fitted with an inertial sensor and a timer. The rear section of the warhead is composed of a steel casing and a fitted fuse device and a pyrotechnic charge connected through a channel to the fuse. The described design of the warhead allows various options in the production - the fuse device may be of a contact or a command type.

[0007] A drawback of the aforesaid grenade is its limited destruction capacity since it does not use the whole mass of the cumulative fragmentation warhead, as well as having limited range of the destruction field. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0008] Taking into consideration the aforesaid condition of the equipment/devices in the area of interest, the invention aims to propose an improved fragmentation shot, being distinguished by a simplified and technological production design, by providing effective operation when fighting enemy's manpower and artillery means located outdoors in trenches and field hideaways. [0009] The set task can be solved by using the fragmentation shot - it implements the kinetic energy of the destructive elements spread in a radial direction. The energy is obtained by the detonation of the explosive of caliber and over-caliber warheads.

[0010] The fragmentation shot comprises of a complex casing consisting of over-caliber and caliber fragmentation warheads; the burster charge of explosive is hosted inside of it. The cylindrical part of the casing is filled with explosive while the rear part of the caliber casing hosts the gunpowder start charge with a stabilizer.

[0011] According to the invention (innovation), a front fuse device is firmly mounted at the front part of the over-caliber casing, while ready-made destructive elements (radially oriented to the longitudinal axis of the fragmentation shot) are hosted along the periphery of the over-caliber and the caliber warheads. An initiating (launching) assembly connected to a bottom bushing is located in the rear part of the casing of the caliber warhead. The assembly comprises of a capsule ignitor and a fill of black smoke gunpowder.

[0012] The casing of the over-caliber is firmly connected to the caliber warhead by means of a dismantling unit. [0013] The bottom bushing is made in a levelled cylindrical shape. Its front side has at least 12 symmetrically set openings for mounting and orientation of the ready-made destructive elements, while its rear part is formed in such a way as to connect to the thread unit.

[0014] The fuse device is made as a front fuse device (as a safety lock) having an inertia and immediate operation. It includes also a launching (initiation) mechanism when reaching the target as a small angle and/or ricochet (an indirect hit).

[0015] The over-caliber and caliber warheads are made of glass-filled polyamide, having mechanical properties not lower than: density - 1.29 g/cm³, impact strength - 50 kJ/m², extension at tearing - 5%, elasticity module in case of stretching - 11,000 MPa. [0016] According to a preferred method of manufacturing of the invention, the ready-made destructive elements can be produced in a spherical or cylindrical shape or as metal bars or a combination thereof, having diameter of the sphere or the cylinder of 6 mm, and weight of the destructive element: 0.001 kg to 0.0018 kg.

[0017] The ready-made destructive elements are made with implemented (added) in advance tension (force) concentrators in a radial direction.

[0018] The ready-made destructive kinetic elements radially located in the caliber part of the casing are made of construction steel.

[0019] According to a preferred manufacturing of the invention, the ready-made destructive elements located in the over-caliber fragmentation warhead are made in the shape (type) of metal bars with preliminary placed (implemented) tension concentration in a radial direction.

[0020] It is suitable the caliber warhead to be connected to the drive unit by means of a fixed solid connection.

[0021] The fragmentation shot subject of the invention is distinguished by an increased destructive capacity by providing significant in size destructive field. The fragmentation shot warhead has been designed in such a way that upon exploding of the blasting explosive, the detonation products affect the casing of the caliber and over-caliber fragmentation part. The ready destructive elements are evenly spread in a radial direction along the whole perimeter, and thus they additionally increase the efficiency and possibility of hitting (destroying) all targets located within the field of destruction. The design construction of the fragmentation warhead is significantly simplified and at the same time it is technological for manufacturing.

BRIEF DECSRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Further in the description, we have disclosed an example of the production of a fragmentation shot with ready destructive elements. It is presented in details in the enclosed to the description drawing, as follows:

Figure 1 : A general view of the fragmentation shot (subject of the innovation) in flying mode Figure 2: A general view of the fragmentation shot (subject of the innovation) Figure 3 : A general view of the fragmentation shot (subject of the innovation) Figure 4: Cross-section of the over-caliber and the caliber fragmentation warheads. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0023] According to the invention, the fragmentation warhead comprises of over-caliber 2 and caliber 4 warheads firmly fixed by a fixing finger 3. A gunpowder start charge 5 with a stabilizer is connected to the rear part of the caliber warhead 4. The over-caliber warhead 2 comprises of casing made as a conical cylindrical body; a front fuse device 1 is mounted at the front part of that body. The over-caliber warhead 2 is firmly connected - for example, by means of a thread unit - to the casing of the caliber warhead 4 (see Figure 3, section A- A). The caliber warhead 4 has been made as a cylindrical body. A bottom bushing 9 is mounted in its rear part, and an over- boost unit is located in it - serving to ignite the start engine. The forcing knot comprises of a capsule ignitor 10 and a fill of black smoke gunpowder 11, located in an L-shaped opening. A burster charge is located in the inner cylindrical part of the casings of the over-caliber 2 and the caliber 4 warheads - for example, brisance explosive substance 8 while pre-shaped and radially oriented ready kinetic destructive elements 7 are placed around it. Depending on the construction (production) option, the ready kinetic elements 7 can be produced in a spherical cylindrical shape or as metal bars. According to a preferred option of production, it is suitable to have the ready- made kinetic destructive elements 7 made with preliminary applied tension concentrators oriented in a radial direction.

[0024] According to a preferred option of production of the fragmentation warhead, the ready- made destructive kinetic elements 7 can be produced in a spherical or cylindrical shape or a combination of the aforesaid shapes, of diameter of the sphere and the cylinder of 6 mm, and weight of approximately about 0.0011 kg.

[0025] According to another option of production, the ready-made destructive kinetic elements 7 can be produced in the shape of metal bars of diameter of the metal bar of 6 mm, while tension concentrators of radial direction are made in them in advance.

[0026] According to a preferred option of production, the casings of the over-caliber and caliber warheads can be produced by glass polyamide, having mechanical properties defined not lower than: density - 1.29 g/cm³, impact strength - 50 kJ/m², extension at tearing - 5%, elasticity module in case of stretching - 11,000 MPa. [0027] The burster charge 8 is made of blasting explosive, having weight preferably of 0.170 to 0.176 kg, density of 1.74 - 1.78 g/cm³, and denotation velocity larger than 8,000 m/s.

[0028] A jet engine comprising of a start gunpowder charge 5 is mounted to the rear part of the caliber warhead 4 by means of a bottom bushing 9. It is preferable to use nitroglycerine (blasting oil) gunpowder, as a stripe. [0029] A specific property of the fragmentation warhead, more specifically of the caliber fragmentation warhead 4 is that the ready-made kinetic destructive elements 7 are located symmetrically and are radially oriented along the whole longitude of the casing (section B-B) and can be made in a spherical and cylindrical shape or as metal bars. Depending on the targets to strike, it is possible to use ready-made destructive elements 7 with implemented tense concentrators - it is suitable to have the latter also oriented in a radial direction. According to an optional production variation, it is suitable to use combinations of the ready-made destructive elements 7 of different shapes. The ready-made destructive elements 7 can be made as one whole body, too - together with the casing of the warhead 2, 4 - then the elements 7 are built in the casings - by means of a popular technological method, gunning (injecting), for example. [0030] The operation of the described construction of the fragmentation shot may be presented in the following manner: the fragmentation shot is set in a shooting device (not shown in the figure) and it is oriented in a way the fixation screw 3 falls in a suitably formed cut in the trunk of the aforesaid device - thus the forcing assembly of the fragmentation shot is oriented to the firing pin (cock) of the trigger mechanism (not shown in the figures). After making a shot, the cock initiates the operation of the capsule ignitor 10, and it - on its part - ignites the black smoke gunpowder 11, while the firing impulse is forwarded to the start gunpowder engine. The so formed gunpowder gases create a reactive force setting into motion the shot forward. Then linear inertia forces start working and they trigger the inertia mechanisms of the front fuse device 1. Upon discharge of the shot from the grenade launcher (discharger) under the work of the centrifugal forces and the opposite airflow, the wings of the stabilizer open. After a preliminary set time period of the flight trajectory, inertia mechanisms cease working and then the fuse device 1 is triggered to get into fight (combat) status - i. e. the grenade is ready to hit the target. After initiating the blasting explosive 8 from the front fuse device 1, the formed energy from the detonation products destroys the casings of the over-caliber and caliber warheads, and it is further transformed into kinetic energy and it is transferred to the ready-made destructive elements 7, spread into radial direction and providing effective destruction in the range of operation of the f agmentation field.

[0031] The construction of the fuse device 1 and the warheads 2,4 allows them to work in two modes - namely an immediate contact and inertia operation.

[0032] In case of contact and inertial operation - i. e. when hitting an obstacle the front fuse device 1 of the warheads 2, 4 trigger a mechanism and it - in turn - initiates the firing chain and eventually the detonator passes a detonation impulse to the burster charge 8 from the blasting explosive. Due to the construction of the warhead 2, 4, a spherical front of the detonation wave is made. The formed detonation products transmit their energy to the ready-made kinetic destructive elements 7 by spreading them in a radial direction and accelerate them with the velocity of the detonation products and they have an effective field of operation of radius not smaller than 30 m.

[0033] The fragmentation shot is designed in such a way that as a result of the impact of the detonation products from the over-caliber 2 and caliber 4 warheads, a large number of destructive elements is formed - for example, the set in advance kinetic destructive element 7 - these can be more than 800 pes. The fragmentations formed by the destroying of the casings of the over-caliber 2 and caliber 4 warheads as well as the fuse device shall be added hereto - and all fragmentations shall be evenly spread in a radial direction, having an effective radius of operation not less than 30 m.

[0034] A specific property of the fragmentation shot - after launching the gunpowder start engine 5 with a stabilizer, is that it speeds up the shot of initial velocity of 150-155 m/s by providing a distance of the straight shot of 165-170 m and a maximum shooting distance of 1,000 m.

Claims

1. A fragmentation shot with ready-made destructive elements consisting of composing casing, including over-caliber and caliber fragmentation warheads, a burster charge of explosive is hosted inside of it. The cylindrical part of the casing is filled with explosive while gunpowder start charge with a stabilizer is hosted in the rear part of the caliber casing. Its specific property is the front fuse device 1 is firmly mounted in the front part of the over-caliber casing 2. Destructive elements 7 oriented radially relative to the longitudinal axis of the fragmentation shot are hosted in the inside and along the periphery of the over-caliber 2 and the caliber warheads while an initiating assembly is located in the rear part of the caliber casing 4, connected to a bottom bush 9. The initiating assembly consists of a capsule ignitor 10 and a fill of black smoke gunpowder 11.

2. The fragmentation shot according to claim 1, characterized with the fact the over-caliber warhead 2 is firmly connected to the caliber warhead 4 through a detachable jointing.

3. The fragmentation shot according to claim 1, characterized with the fact the bottom bushing 9 is filled with a levelled cylindrical shape. Its front side has at least 12 symmetrically set openings for mounting and orientation of the ready-made destructive elements 7, while its rear part is formed in such a way as to connect to the thread unit.

4. The fragmentation shot according to claim 1, characterized with the fact the fuse device 1 is made as a front fuse device (as a safety lock) having an inertia and immediate operation. It includes also a launching (initiation) mechanism when reaching the target as a small angle and/or ricochet (an indirect hit).

5. The fragmentation shot according to claim 1, characterized with the fact the over-caliber 2 and caliber 4 warheads are made of glass-filled polyamide, having mechanical properties not lower than: density - 1.29 g/cm³, impact strength - 50 kJ/m², extension at tearing - 5%, elasticity module in case of stretching - 11,000 MPa.

6. The fragmentation shot according to claim 1, characterized with the fact the ready-made destructive elements 7 are metal, and have a spherical or cylindrical shape or as metal bars or a combination thereof and are made of metal, having diameter of the sphere or the cylinder of 6 mm, and weight of 0.001 kg to 0.0018 kg

7. The fragmentation shot according to claim 1, characterized with the fact the ready-made destructive elements 7 are made with implemented (added) in advance tension (force) concentrators oriented in a radial direction.

8. The fragmentation shot according to claim 1, characterized with the fact the ready-made destructive elements 7 located in the over-caliber fragmentation warhead are made as metal bars with implemented (added) in advance tension (force) concentrators in a radial direction.

9. The fragmentation shot according to claim 1, characterized with the fact the ready-made kinetic destructive elements 7 are built in the inside of the casings of the warheads (2, 4) and are evenly located along their entire length.

10. The fragmentation shot according to claim 1, characterized with the fact the bottom bushing 9 is made in a levelled cylindrical shape. Its front part is firmly mounted to the casing of the caliber warhead 2, while its back part is connected by means of a thread unit to the gunpowder start engine 5.