EP3408907A1 - Elektronischer motorstarter mit schutz-und überwachungsfunktion - Google Patents
Elektronischer motorstarter mit schutz-und überwachungsfunktionInfo
- Publication number
- EP3408907A1 EP3408907A1 EP17702077.3A EP17702077A EP3408907A1 EP 3408907 A1 EP3408907 A1 EP 3408907A1 EP 17702077 A EP17702077 A EP 17702077A EP 3408907 A1 EP3408907 A1 EP 3408907A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- motor starter
- switch
- motor
- electronic
- main
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
- H02H7/0816—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors concerning the starting sequence, e.g. limiting the number of starts per time unit, monitoring speed during starting
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/006—Calibration or setting of parameters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electronic motor starter for electric motors, which has a protective and monitoring function, but does not require mechanical components for switching off the main and the auxiliary circuit.
- the German patent application DE 43 35 965 AI describes a combined motor starter with a line-side circuit breaker, a series-connected load-side contactor and an electronic unit for measuring, controlling and monitoring.
- the two switching devices have mechanical contact systems and the electronic unit electronic triggers for a motor and a short-circuit protection.
- the electronic triggers of the electronic unit can replace conventional triggers such as bimetallic relays and quick release, and avoid expensive designs to allow short circuit tripping.
- the electronic overload monitoring allows large adjustment and triggering ranges of electronic triggers.
- a three-phase electronic motor starter is described in German Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2013 111 954 AI.
- the motor starter is realized by a contactor with mechanical contacts and a pluggable module with semiconductor switches.
- the module serves to reduce the very high load of the mechanical switching contacts of the contactor due to the high inrush currents occurring in particular when starting an electric motor.
- the semiconductor switches of the attachable module via a corresponding control in parallel to the switch contacts during a switch on and off of the contactor are switched such that the switch contacts can switch almost without power and thereby be less burdened.
- the attachable module may have an integrated motor protection circuit having a triggering electronics and a current transformer per phase.
- German Patent Application DE 10 2009 012 942 A1 discloses a motor starter designed for use in a fan control, which has semiconductor switches for switching phases of a three-phase main power supply of the motor windings and a microcontroller as electronic control unit for the semiconductor switches. Furthermore, transducers are present in two of the three phases of the three-phase main power supply, whose current measurement signals are supplied to the microcontroller, which controls the main switch depending thereon and can thus implement a motor protection function.
- German patent application DE 197 42 916 AI teaches a control for electric motors, which are particularly integrated in movable and / or hand-held machines such as electric mixers, drills, grinding machines, etc.
- the driver has a semiconductor switch as a main switch and has an overload protection function for the motor, which is based on a measurement of the current consumption of the motor.
- certain operating conditions of the engine can be adjusted by means of a potentiometer and a keypad.
- German Patent Application DE 100 03 692 A1 discloses a semiconductor-based motor starter with a reversing function.
- the object of the present invention is now to propose an improved motor starter. This object is solved by the subject matters of the independent claims. Further embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
- An underlying idea of the present invention is to provide a fully electronic motor starter that can be implemented without mechanical components.
- a solid-state contactor semiconductor contactor designed as a main switch together with an electronic motor protection relay combined in a housing together with a control and monitoring electronics for the solid-state contactor and the motor protection relay is constructed according to the invention.
- a as Semiconductor switch executed and provided between at least one pair of auxiliary contacts of the motor starter auxiliary switch.
- An embodiment of the invention now relates to an electronic motor starter comprising a main switch designed as a power semiconductor which forms a semiconductor contactor and has at least one semiconductor switch for switching a phase of a main current supply of a motor winding, a first terminal of each semiconductor switch being connected to a corresponding first main current contact of the motor starter, an auxiliary switch designed as a semiconductor switch and connected between at least one pair of auxiliary contacts of the motor starter, an electronic transducer unit for measuring the currents of the phases of the main power supply connected between a second terminal of each semiconductor switch of the main switch and a corresponding second main current contact of the motor starter; Control unit for the main switch and the auxiliary switch, which is supplied via control contacts of the engine start, the measuring Ignale the transducer unit are fed and which is designed to control the main switch and / or the auxiliary switch depending on the supply via the control contacts and / or the measurement signals. Due to the completely electronic structure of such a motor starter electronic switching and shooter can be realized in a motor control in a device.
- the motor starter may have an electronic message unit, which is controlled by the electronic control unit and is designed to generate optical and / or acoustic messages on the status of the motor starter.
- the message unit can control a multicolor LED (Light Emitting Diode), via which different states of the motor starter can be optically signaled by different colors and / or flashing.
- the motor starter may also have an electronic parameterization unit, which is designed to specify at least one parameter for the electronic control unit.
- the electronic parameterization unit can be designed as a parameter for the electronic control unit at least one of the following Specify parameters: a rated motor current; an inertia class for overload release of the power supply of an electric motor; a behavior after an overload trip, in particular an automatic or manual restart.
- Specify parameters for setting parameters, for example, potentiometers or switches such as rotary or toggle switches can be provided.
- the electronic transducer unit may include current transformers and / or Hall sensors and / or other suitable measuring means for measuring the currents of the phases of the main power supply.
- the electronic control unit may be configured, depending on a supply voltage applied to the control contacts
- the designed as a power semiconductor main switch may have a plurality of semiconductor switches, which are connected as a reversing starter.
- the designed as a power semiconductor main switch can also be designed as a direct starter, which has a semiconductor switch for at least one phase of the main power supply of the motor winding.
- the main switch designed as a power semiconductor can be designed as a direct starter, which in each case has a semiconductor switch for each phase of the main current supply of the motor winding.
- the motor starter can have an interface via which process data can be read from the motor starter and transmitted to a control room and / or data, in particular parameters for the electronic control unit, can be received.
- the electronic components of the engine start can be arranged and wired together on a carrier element, for example a printed circuit board or on a plurality of interconnected carrier elements.
- a carrier element for example a printed circuit board or on a plurality of interconnected carrier elements.
- Several wired together Carrier elements can be arranged stacked, for example, to allow a compact structure.
- Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an electronic direct motor starter with electronic motor protection according to the invention
- Fig. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an electronic turn-around motor starter with electronic motor protection according to the invention
- Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of switches and transducers for the electronic inverter motor starter according to the invention
- Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of switches and transducers for the electronic direct motor starter according to the invention, in which all current paths are switchable;
- Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of switches and transducers for the electronic direct motor starter according to the invention, in which two of three current paths are switchable.
- FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a three-phase electronic direct motor starter 10, which has the usual connection contacts:
- L1-L3 mains-side (first) main power contacts
- T1-T3 load-side (second) main power contacts
- A1-A2 Control contacts (coil connections)
- the motor starter 10 is constructed entirely of electronic components which are arranged and wired on a carrier circuit board.
- the circuit board is housed in a housing of the motor starter having the above terminal contacts.
- the motor starter 10 has a solid-state contactor implemented by a power semiconductor with a plurality of semiconductor switches, for example realized by triacs. First terminals of these semiconductor switches are connected to the corresponding mains-side (first) main power contacts L1-L3 of the motor starter 10.
- the motor starter 10 has an auxiliary switch 2, which is designed as a semiconductor switch, for example as a triac, and between an auxiliary contact pair 11-12 (normally closed, in which case the auxiliary switch 2 is operated as an opener) and 13-14 (NO In this case, the auxiliary switch 2 is operated as a make contact) is connected to interrupt a signal line connected to the auxiliary contact pair 11-12 and 13-14, respectively.
- auxiliary switch 2 is designed as a semiconductor switch, for example as a triac
- the motor starter 10 For measuring the currents of the three phases of the main power supply, the motor starter 10 has an electronic transducer unit 3, which comprises, for example, current transformers, Hall sensors or similar transducers. At least one transducer is provided per phase, which is designed according to 10 times the maximum permissible nominal current of a main flow path.
- the main switch 1 and the auxiliary switch 2 are controlled by an electronic control unit 4, which is supplied via a voltage applied to the control contacts AI and A2.
- the applied voltage is first supplied to a rectifier circuit.
- the rectified output voltage of the rectifier circuit is converted by a DC / DC converter into an operating voltage for a microcontroller and driver circuit.
- a microcontroller ⁇ C of the microcontroller and driver circuit executes a firmware stored in its internal permanent memory, which configures the microcontroller ⁇ C for processing measurement signals of the transducers of the transducer unit 3 and dependent therefrom control of the main switch 1 and the auxiliary switch 2 via the driver circuit, as below is explained.
- the motor starter 10 has two further units 5 and 6:
- the parameterization unit 5 is provided and designed to be a parameter for the electronic control unit 4, a rated motor current "Ir”, an inertia class “Class” for overload triggering the power supply of an electric motor, the behavior "Hand / Auto” after an overload trip (automatic or manual restart The manual restart is realized by a "Reset” switch, ie After an overload trip and subsequent cooling down phase, the motor can be reactivated by means of the "Reset” switch.
- the parameter "Ir”, the unit 5 and the parameters "Class”, “Manual / Auto” are activated by means of a rotary switch or Potentiometer can be executed, set.
- a button or toggle switch may be provided as a "reset" switch
- the microcontroller ⁇ C now monitors the motor in consideration of the parameters set by the parameterization unit 5 and, depending thereon, controls the main switch 1, i.e., turns semiconductor switch of the main switch 1 on or off.
- the message unit 6 is controlled by the electronic control unit 4 and serves to visually and / or acoustically report the status of the motor starter.
- the status is determined by the microcontroller .mu.C depending on the measurement signals of the transducer of the transducer unit 3 by a simulation of the engine heating (Temperature simulation) based on a model of the engine determined.
- the optical message unit 6 has a two-color LED, via which the status can be displayed as follows:
- LED off there is no supply voltage at the control terminals AI and A2.
- LED lights up green main switch 1 is switched on, temperature simulation ⁇ 100% LED flashes with 1 Hz red: 100% ⁇ temperature simulation ⁇ 105% LED flashes with 5 Hz red: 105% ⁇ temperature simulation ⁇ 110%
- Another LED may be provided to indicate a phase failure on a connected load:
- the motor starter 10 may also have an interface (not shown) via which process data can be read from the motor starter and transmitted to a control room. For example, measured current values, setting values, a reason for tripping, an overload / phase failure, etc., can be read out and transmitted as process data.
- the interface can also be designed to receive data, for example parameters for the parameterization unit 5, so that at least some of the parameters described above can be set remotely.
- the interface can be implemented, for example, by the microcontroller .mu.C, which can have an additional module for coupling the motor starter to a bus system, which can be used, for example, on the SmartWire-DT® technology from Eaton Corp. or is a field bus bus system according to the standard IEC 61158 or implemented by an Industrial Ethernet.
- the microcontroller ⁇ C can also be configured to handle several bus protocols in order to be able to transmit and receive via this data.
- FIG. 4 and 5 show two embodiments of switches and transducers for the electronic direct motor starter 10.
- a main switch 1 with auxiliary switch 2 and transducer unit 3 is shown, in which all three current paths are switchable by a triac in each current path the main switch 1 is connected. Furthermore, a current transformer 3 'of the transducer unit 3 is connected in each current path.
- the auxiliary switch 2 is realized by a triac 2 'connected between the auxiliary contact pair 13-14.
- FIG. 5 shows a realization in which two out of three current paths can be switched by connecting one triac each of the main switch 1 to the current paths L 1 -T 1 and L 3 -T 3. Otherwise, this implementation corresponds to that shown in FIG. 4.
- Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a three-phase electronic reverse starter motor 11, which differs from the motor starter 10 shown in Fig. 1 in that not only two, but three control contacts (coil terminals) A1-A3 are provided and also one for a turn Motor starter suitable main switch is used, such as the illustrated in Fig. 3 embodiment of switches and transducers, in which in the current paths Ll-Tl and L3-T3 each have a triac 1 'of the main switch 1 and also each a triac 1' of the main switch 1 is connected between the main power contacts L1-T3 and L3-T1.
- the auxiliary switch 2 two triacs 2 ', which are connected between the two auxiliary contact pairs 13-14 and 23-24.
- the motor starter according to the invention has several advantages: The combination of the two functions "switching and protecting” can reduce the costs of manufacturing and warehousing.
- the electronics for controlling the semiconductor switches and the electronics for monitoring the currents on the main current paths can be combined to form an electronic unit.
- the motor starter according to the invention enables a reduction of the wiring effort.
- at least one additional auxiliary contact for switching off the contactor in the event of an overload for example normally closed contacts 95-96, normally open contacts 97-98 can be dispensed with.
- no additional wiring to switch off the contactor by the motor protection relay is required.
- the internal control electronics can replace the auxiliary auxiliary contact as well as the required external wiring. The electronics switch off the semiconductor switching elements (main contacts, as well as auxiliary contacts normally closed, normally open) in the event of an overload.
- the motor starter according to the invention in principle allows a simulation of the motor temperature by the internally switched contactor (semiconductor switch): in the event that the motor starter is disconnected from the supply voltage, a temperature simulation can be stored internally. As a result, the information of the simulated engine temperature is not lost and can be considered when restarting. Furthermore, the motor starter according to the invention makes it possible to provide the connected supply voltage via a DC / DC converter to the internal control electronics (motor protection function and switching function). This allows a cost-effective design of the motor starter's measuring device (e.g., CT), since it does not have to take over the power supply of the electronics, which would be the case if the motor protection relay were built as a separate module without external supply.
- CT cost-effective design of the motor starter's measuring device
- a multi-voltage power supply can be used, whereby a solid-state contactor including motor protection function are constructed with a supply voltage range of about 24 volts to about 240 volts can. Shutdown limits automatically determined as a function of the voltage applied to the control contacts AI, A2 (, A3) supply voltage. As a result, the voltage variants of the motor starter can be reduced from a total of about four to a variant.
- the motor starter according to the invention can also be constructed with several voltage variants.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
- Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)
- Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016101553.9A DE102016101553A1 (de) | 2016-01-28 | 2016-01-28 | Elektronischer Motorstarter mit Schutz- und Überwachungsfunktion |
PCT/EP2017/051768 WO2017129743A1 (de) | 2016-01-28 | 2017-01-27 | Elektronischer motorstarter mit schutz-und überwachungsfunktion |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3408907A1 true EP3408907A1 (de) | 2018-12-05 |
Family
ID=57914969
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17702077.3A Pending EP3408907A1 (de) | 2016-01-28 | 2017-01-27 | Elektronischer motorstarter mit schutz-und überwachungsfunktion |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10778000B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3408907A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN108432075B (de) |
DE (1) | DE102016101553A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2017129743A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2626766A (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2024-08-07 | Eaton Intelligent Power Ltd | Switch arrangement and method for operating a switch arrangement |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN201008132Y (zh) * | 2007-02-09 | 2008-01-16 | 吉林一夫环保节能科技有限公司 | 一种异步电机无触点换向节电控制器 |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3922492A1 (de) * | 1989-07-08 | 1991-01-17 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Starterschutzschaltung |
DE4335965A1 (de) | 1993-10-21 | 1995-04-27 | Licentia Gmbh | Motorstarter mit integriertem Kurzschlußschutz |
US5577890A (en) * | 1994-03-01 | 1996-11-26 | Trilogy Controls, Inc. | Solid state pump control and protection system |
CH691100A5 (de) | 1996-06-24 | 2001-04-12 | Elcomp Ag | Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Drehstrommotors sowie Überwachungseinrichtung. |
DE19742916A1 (de) | 1997-09-29 | 1999-04-01 | Westfalia Werkzeug | Ansteuerung für einen an einem Spannungsnetz mit zwei Netzstromanschlüssen betriebenen Elektromotor |
DE10003692A1 (de) * | 2000-01-28 | 2001-08-02 | Moeller Gmbh | Elektrisches Schaltgerät |
DE10147531B4 (de) * | 2001-09-26 | 2006-01-12 | Moeller Gmbh | Steuereinrichtung für einen Motorstarter |
US7589942B2 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2009-09-15 | General Electric Company | MEMS based motor starter with motor failure detection |
CN201307838Y (zh) | 2008-12-02 | 2009-09-09 | 山东优能电气设备有限公司 | 电子开关柜 |
CN101826826A (zh) | 2009-03-06 | 2010-09-08 | 珠海市伏安达电子科技有限公司 | 智能型电动机控制柜 |
DE102009012942A1 (de) * | 2009-03-12 | 2010-10-07 | Elektror K.W. + M. Müller GmbH | Gebläse, insbesondere Ventilator, Verdichter, Seitenkanalverdichter |
GB0906020D0 (en) * | 2009-04-07 | 2009-05-20 | Trw Ltd | Motor drive circuitry |
DE102011050194A1 (de) * | 2011-05-06 | 2012-11-08 | Dewert Antriebs- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh | Elektromotorischer Möbelantrieb mit einer Energieversorgungseinrichtung |
WO2013074854A1 (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2013-05-23 | Remy Technologies, Llc | Starter system |
CN202818183U (zh) | 2012-09-04 | 2013-03-20 | 吴明强 | 大中型、中低压电动机启动电路、装置及电动机 |
DE102013111954B4 (de) | 2013-10-30 | 2020-07-02 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Aufsteckbares Modul für ein Schütz sowie ein Schütz mit einem derartigen Modul |
CN204333957U (zh) | 2015-01-28 | 2015-05-13 | 温州市恒智电气有限公司 | 电力电容器 |
-
2016
- 2016-01-28 DE DE102016101553.9A patent/DE102016101553A1/de active Pending
-
2017
- 2017-01-27 WO PCT/EP2017/051768 patent/WO2017129743A1/de active Application Filing
- 2017-01-27 EP EP17702077.3A patent/EP3408907A1/de active Pending
- 2017-01-27 US US16/072,890 patent/US10778000B2/en active Active
- 2017-01-27 CN CN201780005719.6A patent/CN108432075B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN201008132Y (zh) * | 2007-02-09 | 2008-01-16 | 吉林一夫环保节能科技有限公司 | 一种异步电机无触点换向节电控制器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN108432075B (zh) | 2020-08-14 |
DE102016101553A1 (de) | 2017-08-03 |
US20190036327A1 (en) | 2019-01-31 |
WO2017129743A1 (de) | 2017-08-03 |
US10778000B2 (en) | 2020-09-15 |
CN108432075A (zh) | 2018-08-21 |
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