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EP3488931B1 - Device for separating material mixtures - Google Patents

Device for separating material mixtures Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3488931B1
EP3488931B1 EP18000444.2A EP18000444A EP3488931B1 EP 3488931 B1 EP3488931 B1 EP 3488931B1 EP 18000444 A EP18000444 A EP 18000444A EP 3488931 B1 EP3488931 B1 EP 3488931B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
screw conveyor
liquid
buoyant
upper screw
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18000444.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3488931A1 (en
Inventor
Johann Doppstadt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Doppstadt Austria GmbH
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Doppstadt Austria GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3488931A1 publication Critical patent/EP3488931A1/en
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Publication of EP3488931B1 publication Critical patent/EP3488931B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
    • B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
    • B03B5/36—Devices therefor, other than using centrifugal force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B11/00—Feed or discharge devices integral with washing or wet-separating equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
    • B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
    • B03B5/36—Devices therefor, other than using centrifugal force
    • B03B5/40—Devices therefor, other than using centrifugal force of trough type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B11/00—Feed or discharge devices integral with washing or wet-separating equipment
    • B03B2011/008—Screw dischargers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for separating material mixtures from buoyant and non-buoyant materials, such as stone, sand and wood, from waste mixtures with buoyant and non-floating materials, earth and / or biomass.
  • buoyant and non-buoyant materials such as stone, sand and wood
  • a generic separating device with screw conveyors is, for example, in the DE 323 835 C described.
  • Another separating device for separating material mixtures is described by the U.S. 2,491,912 A .
  • the known devices have the disadvantage that they do not separate the material mixtures properly from one another. As a result, it is necessary to send the mixture several times through a separating device in order to obtain a satisfactory result.
  • Another disadvantage is that the known devices cannot regularly be relocated, so that relocation to another place of use is often not possible, which results in long transport routes for the delivery of the material mixtures. If the operator decides to implement the device anyway, this is associated with high assembly and transport costs. Furthermore, there is a high level of wear and tear on the devices, caused for example by stones or sand.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose a device for separating material mixtures which no longer has at least one of the disadvantages described above.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by a device for separating material mixtures from buoyant and non-buoyant materials, such as stones, sand, wood, waste mixtures or biomasses, consisting of a container which is provided in a frame and can be filled with liquid, with a funnel-shaped filling opening and a bottom sloping on one side, with at least two rotatably mounted screw conveyors and driven by at least one drive being arranged one above the other in the operating position, the screw conveyors rising towards the outlet side of the container or being provided essentially parallel to the bottom of the container so that they protrude at least partially from the liquid during use of the device, which is characterized in that at least one swirling device is provided between the upper screw conveyor and the lower screw conveyor.
  • the swirling device ensures that buoyant constituents of the material mixture are transported or carried to the surface of the container filled with liquid. There they are picked up and transported out by the upper screw conveyor, which is intended to increase in relation to the installation area. At the end of the screw conveyor, the buoyant components, such as wood or other buoyant materials, are conveyed onto a conveyor belt by the screw conveyor.
  • the non-buoyant components are picked up by the lower screw conveyor and also transported out of the container. At the end of the container, these materials are also conveyed onto a conveyor belt which, of course, is provided separately from the conveyor belt with buoyant components.
  • the swirling device can be designed as a nozzle through which, for example, water is introduced into the container at high pressure or overpressure in order to swirl the material mixture.
  • This mechanical swirling device can be designed, for example, in the manner of a whisk. Another possibility is the design of the swirl device in the manner of a turbine wheel.
  • a solution is also provided in which a mechanical device in the form of a rotatable shaft provided with vanes is provided as the swirl device. Even very good results can be achieved with this type of design of the swirling device.
  • the invention therefore comprises several variants.
  • the disadvantages of the prior art are completely eliminated by the design according to the invention.
  • the swirling of the liquid also reduces wear in the device. This results in longer periods of use of the device according to the invention compared to the devices of the prior art.
  • a first variant of the device according to the invention is characterized in that at least one nozzle is provided as the swirling device, through which liquid is pressed into the container with excess pressure in order to whirl up the liquid in the container and guide the buoyant components of the material mixture upwards to the upper screw conveyor .
  • This variant has already been briefly outlined above. It is advantageous if more than one nozzle is provided in the container, whereby the swirling effect is further increased.
  • At least one mechanical device in the form of a rotatable, winged shaft, a whisk or a swirling screw is provided as the swirling device.
  • a mechanical device in the form of a rotatable, winged shaft, a whisk or a swirling screw is provided as the swirling device.
  • these variants it is also possible with these variants to arrange several such swirling devices in the container.
  • an additional trough with a sieve bottom is arranged below the upper screw conveyor in the container or that the sieve bottom surrounds the upper screw conveyor at least on one side in the lower area, preferably in a grid shape.
  • the additional trough also includes the upper screw conveyor approximately up to Half the diameter.
  • the sieve bottom is arranged in the lower area of the additional trough and preferably protrudes at least partially from the upper liquid level in the container.
  • the upper screw conveyor conveniently conveys the liquid to the sieve bottom, creating a circuit through which the floatable or light components reach the surface and can be transported away by the upper screw conveyor.
  • This design creates a circuit in the upper tub with buoyancy and water purification, whereby the light, buoyant components also reach the surface of the liquid.
  • the heavier components reach the bottom of the additional tub as far as a heavy material opening provided there and from there into the area of the lower screw conveyor, which grabs these heavy components and transports them out of the device.
  • the invention also works with a solution in which the sieve bottom surrounds the circumference of the upper screw conveyor in the installed position below in a grid-like manner.
  • the sieve bottom is arranged above the lower screw.
  • This type of design already creates a suction through which the buoyant components above, i. H. remain in the detection area of the upper screw conveyor and can be transported away by this.
  • the non-buoyant components arrive at the sieve bottom in the lower area, viewed in the conveying direction, or at the lower end of the upper screw conveyor. There they are lowered through a particularly adjustable heavy material opening in the area of the lower screw conveyor, whereby they can be grasped by the latter and transported out.
  • the nozzle is provided in an angle-adjustable manner in order to direct the flow of liquid.
  • the angle adjustment can take place, for example, via a linkage that can be controlled from the outside.
  • This angular adjustment can be designed both manually and motor-driven.
  • the angle adjustment of the liquid flow can also be done with appropriately arranged deflector plates.
  • At least one adjusting device is provided for adjusting the flow of liquid.
  • This can be an adjusting device for adjusting the angle of the nozzle.
  • it is also possible to change the position of the swirling device in the container in order to obtain an adjustment of the liquid flow.
  • the embodiment of the invention described in the second place is characterized in a variant of this embodiment in that a tub as an additional tub in the container surrounds the circumference of the upper screw conveyor in the installed position below, approximately up to half the diameter and the sieve bottom is arranged at the bottom of this additional tub is. It is advantageous if the sieve bottom preferably protrudes at least partially from the liquid or the upper liquid level. This creates the effect already described that the upper screw conveyor conveys the liquid to the sieve bottom, which creates a buoyancy in the liquid. As a result, the light, buoyant components reach the detection area of the upper screw conveyor, are picked up by it and transported out. As already mentioned, the heavier components then reach the bottom of the additional tub. There they are guided down through a heavy material opening in the container into the area of the lower screw conveyor, where they are picked up and transported away.
  • the variant of the invention described in the second place is also characterized in that a sieve bottom is provided between the lower and the upper screw conveyor. It is advantageous if the sieve bottom surrounds the circumference of the upper screw conveyor in the installed position at least on one side in the lower area in a grid-like manner. The sieve bottom is thus located between the lower and the upper screw conveyor.
  • the sieve bottom alone takes care of it already in cooperation with at least one of the screw conveyors for a suction effect, whereby the buoyant components are conveyed upwards. As a result, they can then be transported out of the liquid mixture by the upper screw conveyor.
  • the heavier components, such as stones remain at the bottom and slide down there due to the inclined arrangement of the sieve bottom.
  • the upper screw conveyor has a larger diameter than the lower screw conveyor. This also increases the suction effect for the lighter or swimming goods components of the mixture, which significantly improves the removal. It is also advantageous if the distance between the screw helix and the upper conveyor screw is significantly greater than the distance between the lower screw helix and the lower conveyor screw.
  • At least one opening is provided at the lower end of the sieve bottom. It is particularly advantageous if this opening is designed as an adjustable heavy material opening. Thus, one can react to different grain sizes of the heavy material to be removed. The non-buoyant material then passes through the heavy material opening into the area of the lower screw conveyor and is transported out of the device by this.
  • a clever variant of the solution according to the invention proposes that a height adjustment be provided between the frame and the container of the device in order to change the position of the container in the frame. It is thus possible to react to different separating mixtures in that the container can be positioned at a larger angle with respect to the installation area or at a smaller angle with respect to the installation area. It has been found that this can significantly improve the separating effect.
  • By adjusting the angular position of the container and thus of course also the two screw conveyors it is possible to react to different material mixtures. In this way, the height of the liquid level in the container can also be influenced.
  • the space in which the material mixture is introduced becomes narrower or, in terms of volume, smaller. It is therefore clear that this can also have a favorable effect on the separating effect.
  • a level controller for regulating the water level and / or water supply is provided on the device according to the invention. This also allows the separation effect to be influenced, i. H. to enhance.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized in that an angular adjustment of the container including the screw conveyor is provided, and a water level and fill level change can be carried out.
  • At least two transport devices for removing the separated materials are arranged on the output side of the container in such a way that the material passes from the screw conveyors to the respectively assigned transport device. This enables the buoyant and non-buoyant material components to be transported away separately.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized in that it can be implemented.
  • it has wheels or rollers, for example, at least on one side, which are in a corresponding guide on the frame are arranged.
  • a suspension device is then arranged, for example, by means of which the device can be moved from a motor-driven vehicle by means of a correspondingly designed pulling or hitching device.
  • FIG. 1 an embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown as a 3-dimensional representation.
  • the device is indicated schematically with an arrow and the reference symbol I.
  • the entire device is arranged on a frame 1/2.
  • a container 1 which can be filled with liquid is arranged in the frame 1/2.
  • This container 1 has a sloping bottom 1/1 seen from left to right.
  • two screw conveyors 2, 3 are arranged in the container 1, likewise rising (viewed from right to left).
  • the lower screw conveyor 3 is provided for conveying out non-floatable materials, while the upper screw conveyor 2 grasps the floatable components and also conveys them out.
  • the extracted components are each placed on a conveyor belt.
  • the non-buoyant components are transported onto the lower conveyor belt as a transport device 5, while the buoyant components are transported from the screw conveyor 2 onto the upper conveyor belt as a transport device 6.
  • the arrow with the reference symbol C denotes the direction of delivery.
  • the filling opening for the material mixture is marked with the reference symbol A, while the reference symbol B schematically indicates the exit of the material from the screw conveyor.
  • the conveyor belts as transport devices 5, 6 are also attached to the frame 1/2. The angle of incidence of the conveyor belts can be changed by means of adjusting devices which are not designated in any more detail. Below the lower transport device 5, two rollers 7/1 are provided in a guide 7. These are components for moving the entire device I.
  • FIG Fig. 1 shows a view of the device according to the invention according to FIG Fig. 1 from the rear.
  • the container 1 with its sloping bottom 1/1 is also clearly visible here.
  • Boundary surfaces of the filling opening A are denoted by the reference symbol 1/3.
  • the screw conveyors again bear the reference numerals 3 and 2.
  • the swirling device 4 can be seen very nicely.
  • a nozzle 4/2 is arranged in each case on the left and right below the upper screw conveyor 2.
  • the nozzles 4/2 are angle-adjustable by means of a rod as an adjusting device 4/3.
  • the Figure 3 shows a 3-dimensional representation of a section of the device according to the invention according to FIG Fig. 1 for a better illustration of an embodiment of the swirling device 4.
  • the swirling device 4 has the following components, namely a pump 4/1, the nozzle 4/2 and the adjusting device 4/3 for the nozzle 4/2, which cannot be seen here.
  • the nozzle 4/2 has three outlet openings for the liquid to exit.
  • the overpressure generated by the pump 4/1 whirls up the liquid in the container, as a result of which the buoyant components of the material mixture are guided upwards to the upper screw conveyor 2.
  • a suspension or carrying device 9 is provided between the supports 1/4, which are components of the frame 1/2.
  • a hook of a truck-mounted crane or another transport device can be hung there, for example, in order to lift and move the entire device for separating material mixtures I.
  • the reference numeral 8 denotes stiffening plates to which supplementary elements (not shown here) can be arranged or fastened.
  • Figure 4 shows a view similar to Figure 3 but from a different point of view.
  • the inventive device according to the Figs. 1 to 4 is filled with liquid, for example water, for the separation process of the material mixture.
  • the material mixture is poured into the hopper A using a hoist or other suitable devices.
  • the two screw conveyors 2 and 3 are set in rotation for this purpose.
  • the material mixture is already set in motion by the screw conveyors 2 and 3.
  • the swirling device 4 then ensures that the buoyant constituents of the material mixture are guided to the upper screw conveyor 2.
  • the upper screw conveyor 2 then conveys the upward swirled or guided, buoyant material to the upper conveyor belt as a transport device 6.
  • the lower screw conveyor 3 conveys the non-buoyant, heavier material to the lower conveyor belt as a transport device 5.
  • the swirling device is equipped with a pump 4 / 1 equipped, which can be designed as a circulation pump so that new water does not have to be constantly added. Of course, fresh water must also be refilled accordingly if the liquid level in the container 1 falls below a certain level.
  • This configuration according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a very good separation result.
  • the distribution of the liquid in the container 1 reduces wear on the screw conveyors 2, 3 and on the container walls.
  • the upper screw conveyor 2 is at least partially or in sections surrounded in the lower area by an additional trough 43 with a sieve bottom 41 arranged in the container 1.
  • the sieve bottom 41 is shown here schematically as a black area.
  • the sieve bottom 41 is designed in the form of a grid, whereby liquid can run downwards while the light, buoyant components of the material mixture remain above the sieve bottom 41 and can be transported away by the upper screw conveyor 2.
  • the upper screw conveyor 2 transports the liquid mixture to the sieve bottom 41.
  • the upper screw conveyor 2 is significantly larger, i. H. provided with a larger diameter.
  • the screw helixes 2/1 are arranged at a greater distance c from one another than the screw helix 3/1 of the lower conveyor screw 3.
  • the distance between the lower screw helix 3/1 is marked with d.
  • the sieve bottom 41 is provided as a swirling device 4 and ensures that a suction effect is created, which also leads to the light or floatable components of the material mixture reaching the area of the upper screw conveyor 3 and being transported away by it.
  • the solution according to the invention also works without an additional tub.
  • only one sieve bottom 41 can be provided between the upper screw conveyor 2 and the lower screw conveyor 3, which is at least partially closed is.
  • the container 1 it is also possible to provide the container 1 with a partition plate which also has an opening for receiving the sieve bottom 41. This is not shown in the drawing.
  • a height adjustment device 8 is provided.
  • This height adjustment device 8 can be designed purely mechanically, for example as a rack, or else as a hydraulic adjustment device.
  • the height of the container 1 can therefore be changed via the axis 8/1. It is thus clear that the area in which the two screw conveyors 2, 3 are located in the liquid becomes significantly smaller or narrower the higher the container 1 is raised.
  • the maximum liquid level is identified by a line that is touched by an arrow with the reference number 10. All other features have already been described in the previous figures, so that they will not be presented again.

Landscapes

  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
  • Screw Conveyors (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Trennen von Materialgemischen aus schwimmfähigen und nicht schwimmfähigen Materialien, wie z.B. aus Steinen, Sand und Holz, aus Abfallgemischen mit schwimmfähigen und nicht schwimmenden Materialien, Erden und/oder Biomassen.The invention relates to a device for separating material mixtures from buoyant and non-buoyant materials, such as stone, sand and wood, from waste mixtures with buoyant and non-floating materials, earth and / or biomass.

Vorrichtungen zum Trennen von Materialgemischen sind im Stand der Technik bekannt. Eine gattungsgemäße Trennvorrichtung mit Förderschnecken wird beispielsweise in der DE 323 835 C beschrieben. Eine weitere Trennvorrichtung zur Trennung von Materialgemischen beschreibt die US 2 491 912 A . Die bekannten Vorrichtungen haben jedoch den Nachteil, dass sie die Materialgemische nicht sauber voneinander trennen. Dadurch ist es notwendig, die Gemische mehrfach durch eine Trennvorrichtung zu schicken, um ein befriedigendes Ergebnis zu erhalten. Ein weiterer Nachteil ist, dass die bekannten Vorrichtungen regelmäßig nicht umsetzbar sind, sodass ein Umsetzen an einen anderen Einsatzort häufig nicht möglich ist, wodurch lange Transportstrecken zum Antransport der Materialgemische entstehen. Entscheidet sich der Betreiber, die Vorrichtung dennoch umzusetzen, ist dies mit einem hohen Montage- und Transportaufwand verbunden. Des Weiteren ist ein hoher Verschleiß an den Vorrichtungen festzustellen, der zum Beispiel durch Steine oder Sand verursacht wird.Devices for separating mixtures of materials are known in the prior art. A generic separating device with screw conveyors is, for example, in the DE 323 835 C described. Another separating device for separating material mixtures is described by the U.S. 2,491,912 A . However, the known devices have the disadvantage that they do not separate the material mixtures properly from one another. As a result, it is necessary to send the mixture several times through a separating device in order to obtain a satisfactory result. Another disadvantage is that the known devices cannot regularly be relocated, so that relocation to another place of use is often not possible, which results in long transport routes for the delivery of the material mixtures. If the operator decides to implement the device anyway, this is associated with high assembly and transport costs. Furthermore, there is a high level of wear and tear on the devices, caused for example by stones or sand.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine Vorrichtung zum Trennen von Materialgemischen vorzuschlagen, die zumindest einen der zuvor beschriebenen Nachteile nicht mehr aufweist.The object of the invention is therefore to propose a device for separating material mixtures which no longer has at least one of the disadvantages described above.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird gelöst durch eine Vorrichtung zum Trennen von Materialgemischen aus schwimmfähigen und nicht schwimmfähigen Materialien, wie z.B. aus Steinen, Sand, Holz, Abfallgemischen oder Biomassen, bestehend aus einem in einem Gestell vorgesehenen, mit Flüssigkeit befüllbaren Behälter, mit einer trichterförmig ausgebildeten Einfüllöffnung und einem einseitig abfallenden Boden, wobei in dem Behälter wenigstens zwei drehbar gelagerte und von wenigstens einem Antrieb angetriebene Förderschnecken in Betriebsstellung übereinander angeordnet sind, wobei die Förderschnecken zur Ausgangsseite des Behälters ansteigend bzw. im Wesentlichen parallel zum Boden des Behälters vorgesehen sind, so dass sie während des Einsatzes der Vorrichtung zumindest teilweise aus der Flüssigkeit herausragen, die sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass zwischen der oberen Förderschnecke und der unteren Förderschnecke wenigstens eine Verwirbelungsvorrichtung vorgesehen ist. Die Verwirbelungsvorrichtung sorgt dafür, dass schwimmfähige Bestandteile des Materialgemisches an die Oberfläche des mit Flüssigkeit gefüllten Behälters transportiert bzw. getragen werden. Dort werden sie von der oberen Förderschnecke, die ansteigend bezogen auf die Aufstellfläche vorgesehen ist, erfasst und heraus transportiert. Am Ende der Förderschnecke werden die schwimmfähigen Bestandteile, wie beispielsweise Holz oder andere schwimmfähige Materialien, von der Förderschnecke auf ein Transportband gefördert.The object of the invention is achieved by a device for separating material mixtures from buoyant and non-buoyant materials, such as stones, sand, wood, waste mixtures or biomasses, consisting of a container which is provided in a frame and can be filled with liquid, with a funnel-shaped filling opening and a bottom sloping on one side, with at least two rotatably mounted screw conveyors and driven by at least one drive being arranged one above the other in the operating position, the screw conveyors rising towards the outlet side of the container or being provided essentially parallel to the bottom of the container so that they protrude at least partially from the liquid during use of the device, which is characterized in that at least one swirling device is provided between the upper screw conveyor and the lower screw conveyor. The swirling device ensures that buoyant constituents of the material mixture are transported or carried to the surface of the container filled with liquid. There they are picked up and transported out by the upper screw conveyor, which is intended to increase in relation to the installation area. At the end of the screw conveyor, the buoyant components, such as wood or other buoyant materials, are conveyed onto a conveyor belt by the screw conveyor.

Die nicht schwimmfähigen Bestandteile, werden von der unteren Förderschnecke erfasst und ebenfalls aus dem Behälter heraustransportiert. Am Ende des Behälters werden diese Materialien ebenfalls auf ein Transportband gefördert, welches selbstverständlich getrennt von dem Transportband mit schwimmfähigen Bestandteilen vorgesehen ist. Die Verwirbelungsvorrichtung kann als Düse ausgebildet sein, durch die beispielsweise Wasser mit hohem Druck bzw. Überdruck in den Behälter eingebracht wird, um das Materialgemisch zu verwirbeln. Dies ist allerdings nur eine der möglichen Varianten nach der Erfindung. Es ist durchaus möglich, anstelle wenigstens einer Düse eine mechanische Verwirbelungsvorrichtung vorzusehen. Diese mechanische Verwirbelungsvorrichtung kann beispielsweise in Art eines Quirls ausgebildet sein. Eine andere Möglichkeit ist die Ausgestaltung der Verwirbelungsvorrichtung in Art eines Turbinenrades.The non-buoyant components are picked up by the lower screw conveyor and also transported out of the container. At the end of the container, these materials are also conveyed onto a conveyor belt which, of course, is provided separately from the conveyor belt with buoyant components. The swirling device can be designed as a nozzle through which, for example, water is introduced into the container at high pressure or overpressure in order to swirl the material mixture. However, this is only one of the possible variants according to the invention. It is entirely possible to provide a mechanical swirling device instead of at least one nozzle. This mechanical swirling device can be designed, for example, in the manner of a whisk. Another possibility is the design of the swirl device in the manner of a turbine wheel.

Erfindungsgemäß ist auch eine Lösung vorgesehen, bei der als Verwirbelungseinrichtung eine mechanische Einrichtung in Form einer drehbaren, mit Flügeln versehenen Welle vorgesehen ist. Auch mit dieser Art der Ausbildung der Verwirbelungsvorrichtung lassen sich sehr gute Ergebnisse erzielen. Die Erfindung auf umfasst daher mehrere Varianten. Die Nachteile des Standes der Technik werden durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung komplett behoben. Es erfolgt eine saubere Trennung von schwimmfähigen und nicht schwimmfähige Materialien. Der Verschleiß in der Vorrichtung wird durch das Verwirbeln der Flüssigkeit ebenfalls reduziert. Daraus resultieren längere Einsatzzeiten der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung im Vergleich zu den Vorrichtungen des Standes der Technik.According to the invention, a solution is also provided in which a mechanical device in the form of a rotatable shaft provided with vanes is provided as the swirl device. Even very good results can be achieved with this type of design of the swirling device. The invention therefore comprises several variants. The disadvantages of the prior art are completely eliminated by the design according to the invention. There is a clean separation of buoyant and non-buoyant materials. The swirling of the liquid also reduces wear in the device. This results in longer periods of use of the device according to the invention compared to the devices of the prior art.

Eine erste Variante der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass als Verwirbelungsvorrichtung wenigstens eine Düse vorgesehen ist, durch die Flüssigkeit mit Überdruck in den Behälter gedrückt wird, um die Flüssigkeit im Behälter aufzuwirbeln und die schwimmfähigen Bestandteile der Materialmischung nach oben zur oberen Förderschnecke zu führen. Diese Variante wurde zuvor bereits kurz umrissen. Von Vorteil ist es dabei, wenn mehr als eine Düse in dem Behälter vorgesehen ist, wodurch der Verwirbelungseffekt noch erhöht wird.A first variant of the device according to the invention is characterized in that at least one nozzle is provided as the swirling device, through which liquid is pressed into the container with excess pressure in order to whirl up the liquid in the container and guide the buoyant components of the material mixture upwards to the upper screw conveyor . This variant has already been briefly outlined above. It is advantageous if more than one nozzle is provided in the container, whereby the swirling effect is further increased.

Wie bereits erwähnt, ist es entsprechend einer zweiten Variante der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass als Verwirbelungsvorrichtung wenigstens eine mechanische Einrichtung in Form einer drehbaren, mit Flügeln versehenen Welle, eines Quirls oder einer Verwirbelungsschnecke vorgesehen ist. Natürlich ist es auch bei diesen Varianten möglich, mehrere derartige Verwirbelungsvorrichtungen in dem Behälter anzuordnen.As already mentioned, according to a second variant of the invention it is provided that at least one mechanical device in the form of a rotatable, winged shaft, a whisk or a swirling screw is provided as the swirling device. Of course, it is also possible with these variants to arrange several such swirling devices in the container.

Erfindungsgemäß wurde gefunden, dass es günstig ist, wenn beispielsweise eine zusätzliche Wanne mit einem Siebboden unterhalb der oberen Förderschnecke im Behälter angeordnet ist oder dass der Siebboden die obere Förderschnecke zumindest halbseitig im unteren Bereich, vorzugsweise gitterförmig umfasst. Die zusätzliche Wanne umfasst die obere Förderschnecke ebenfalls in etwa bis zur Hälfte des Durchmessers. Der Siebboden ist dabei im unteren Bereich der zusätzlichen Wanne angeordnet und ragt vorzugsweise zumindest teilweise aus dem oberen Flüssigkeitsstand im Behälter heraus. Die obere Förderschnecke fördert dabei günstiger weise die Flüssigkeit bis zum Siebboden, wodurch ein Kreislauf entsteht, durch welchen die schwimmfähigen bzw. leichten Bestandteile an die Oberfläche gelangen und durch die obere Förderschnecke abtransportiert werden können. Durch diese Ausgestaltung entsteht in der oberen Wanne ein Kreislauf mit einem Auftrieb und Wasserreinigung, wodurch die leichten, schwimmfähigen Bestandteile ebenfalls an die Oberfläche der Flüssigkeit gelangen. Die schwereren Bestandteile gelangen am Boden der zusätzlichen Wanne bis zu einer dort vorgesehenen Schwerstofföffnung und von dort in den Bereich der unteren Förderschnecke, die diese schweren Bestandteile erfasst und aus der Vorrichtung heraus transportiert.According to the invention it has been found that it is advantageous if, for example, an additional trough with a sieve bottom is arranged below the upper screw conveyor in the container or that the sieve bottom surrounds the upper screw conveyor at least on one side in the lower area, preferably in a grid shape. The additional trough also includes the upper screw conveyor approximately up to Half the diameter. The sieve bottom is arranged in the lower area of the additional trough and preferably protrudes at least partially from the upper liquid level in the container. The upper screw conveyor conveniently conveys the liquid to the sieve bottom, creating a circuit through which the floatable or light components reach the surface and can be transported away by the upper screw conveyor. This design creates a circuit in the upper tub with buoyancy and water purification, whereby the light, buoyant components also reach the surface of the liquid. The heavier components reach the bottom of the additional tub as far as a heavy material opening provided there and from there into the area of the lower screw conveyor, which grabs these heavy components and transports them out of the device.

Die Erfindung funktioniert allerdings auch bei einer Lösung, bei der der Siebboden den Umfang der oberen Förderschnecke in Einbaustellung unterhalb gitterförmig umgibt. Bei diesen Varianten der Ausgestaltung ist es beispielsweise günstig, wenn der Siebboden oberhalb der unteren Schnecke angeordnet ist. Es entsteht bereits durch diese Art der Ausgestaltung ein Sog, durch den die schwimmfähigen Bestandteile oberhalb, d. h. im Erfassungsbereich der oberen Förderschnecke verbleiben und durch diese abtransportiert werden können. Die nicht schwimmfähigen Bestandteile gelangen am Siebboden in den in Förderrichtung gesehen unteren Bereich bzw. an das untere Ende der oberen Förderschnecke. Dort werden sie durch eine insbesondere verstellbare Schwerstofföffnung in dem Bereich der unteren Förderschnecke herabgelassen, wodurch sie von dieser erfasst und heraustransportiert werden können.However, the invention also works with a solution in which the sieve bottom surrounds the circumference of the upper screw conveyor in the installed position below in a grid-like manner. In these variants of the configuration, it is advantageous, for example, if the sieve bottom is arranged above the lower screw. This type of design already creates a suction through which the buoyant components above, i. H. remain in the detection area of the upper screw conveyor and can be transported away by this. The non-buoyant components arrive at the sieve bottom in the lower area, viewed in the conveying direction, or at the lower end of the upper screw conveyor. There they are lowered through a particularly adjustable heavy material opening in the area of the lower screw conveyor, whereby they can be grasped by the latter and transported out.

Erfindungsgemäß wurde entsprechend einer Weiterbildung der zuerst beschriebenen Variante der Erfindung gefunden, dass es von Vorteil ist, wenn die Düse winkelverstellbar vorgesehen ist, um den Flüssigkeitsstrom zu lenken. Die Winkelverstellung kann beispielsweise über ein von außen steuerbares Gestänge erfolgen. Diese Winkelverstellung kann dabei sowohl händisch als auch motorbetrieben ausgestaltet werden. Durch die Verstellung des Winkels des Flüssigkeitsstromes wird der Effekt der Verwirbelung noch weiter erhöht, wodurch eine noch effizientere Trennung der Materialbestandteile des zu trennenden Materialgemisches erfolgt. Die Winkelverstellung des Flüssigkeitsstromes kann auch mit entsprechend angeordneten Ablenkblechen erfolgen.According to the invention, in accordance with a further development of the variant of the invention described first, it was found that it is advantageous if the nozzle is provided in an angle-adjustable manner in order to direct the flow of liquid. The angle adjustment can take place, for example, via a linkage that can be controlled from the outside. This angular adjustment can be designed both manually and motor-driven. By adjusting the angle of the flow of liquid, the effect of the swirl is increased even further, whereby an even more more efficient separation of the material components of the material mixture to be separated takes place. The angle adjustment of the liquid flow can also be done with appropriately arranged deflector plates.

Erfindungsgemäß wurde für die zuerst beschriebene Variante der Erfindung gefunden, dass es von Vorteil ist, wenn wenigstens eine Verstelleinrichtung zur Verstellung des Flüssigkeitsstromes vorgesehen ist. Dabei kann es sich um eine Verstellvorrichtung zur Verstellung des Winkels der Düse handeln. Es ist nach der Erfindung jedoch auch möglich, die Lage der Verwirbelungsvorrichtung in dem Behälter zu verändern, um so eine Verstellung des Flüssigkeitsstromes zu erhalten.According to the invention, it has been found for the variant of the invention described first that it is advantageous if at least one adjusting device is provided for adjusting the flow of liquid. This can be an adjusting device for adjusting the angle of the nozzle. According to the invention, however, it is also possible to change the position of the swirling device in the container in order to obtain an adjustment of the liquid flow.

Die an zweiter Stelle beschriebene Ausgestaltung der Erfindung zeichnet sich in einer Variante dieser Ausführungsform dadurch aus, dass eine Wanne als zusätzliche Wanne im Behälter den Umfang oberen Förderschnecke in Einbaustellung unterhalb, etwa bis zur Hälfte des Durchmessers umgibt und der Siebboden am Boden dieser zusätzlichen Wanne angeordnet ist. Von Vorteil ist es dabei, wenn der Siebboden vorzugsweise zumindest teilweise aus der Flüssigkeit bzw. dem oberen Flüssigkeitsstand herausragt. Hier entsteht der bereits beschriebene Effekt, dass die obere Förderschnecke die Flüssigkeit bis zum Siebboden fördert, wodurch ein Auftrieb in der Flüssigkeit entsteht. Dadurch gelangen die leichten, schwimmfähigen Bestandteile in den Erfassungsbereich der oberen Förderschnecke, werden durch diese erfasst und heraus transportiert. Die schwereren Bestandteile gelangen, wie bereits erwähnt, dann an den Boden der zusätzlichen Wanne. Dort werden sie durch eine Schwerstofföffnung im Behälter nach unten in den Bereich der unteren Förderschnecke geleitet und von dieser erfasst und abtransportiert.The embodiment of the invention described in the second place is characterized in a variant of this embodiment in that a tub as an additional tub in the container surrounds the circumference of the upper screw conveyor in the installed position below, approximately up to half the diameter and the sieve bottom is arranged at the bottom of this additional tub is. It is advantageous if the sieve bottom preferably protrudes at least partially from the liquid or the upper liquid level. This creates the effect already described that the upper screw conveyor conveys the liquid to the sieve bottom, which creates a buoyancy in the liquid. As a result, the light, buoyant components reach the detection area of the upper screw conveyor, are picked up by it and transported out. As already mentioned, the heavier components then reach the bottom of the additional tub. There they are guided down through a heavy material opening in the container into the area of the lower screw conveyor, where they are picked up and transported away.

Die an zweiter Stelle beschriebene Variante der Erfindung zeichnet sich auch dadurch aus, dass zwischen der unteren und der oberen Förderschnecke ein Siebboden vorgesehen ist. Von Vorteil ist es dabei, wenn der Siebboden den Umfang der oberen Förderschnecke in Einbaustellung zumindest halbseitig im unteren Bereich gitterförmig umfasst. Damit befindet sich der Siebboden zwischen der unteren und der oberen Förderschnecke. Der Siebboden allein sorgt bereits im Zusammenwirken mit wenigstens einer der Förderschnecken für eine Sogwirkung, wodurch die schwimmfähigen Bestandteile nach oben gefördert werden. Dadurch können sie dann von der oberen Förderschnecke aus dem Flüssigkeitsgemisch heraustransportiert werden. Die schwereren Bestandteile, wie zum Beispiel Steine, bleiben unten und rutschen aufgrund der ebenfalls geneigten Anordnung des Siebbodens dort nach unten. Dort ist zumindest eine Öffnung als Durchlass für diese schweren Bestandteile in den unteren Bereich der Vorrichtung, nämlich in den Bereich der unteren Förderschnecke, vorgesehen.The variant of the invention described in the second place is also characterized in that a sieve bottom is provided between the lower and the upper screw conveyor. It is advantageous if the sieve bottom surrounds the circumference of the upper screw conveyor in the installed position at least on one side in the lower area in a grid-like manner. The sieve bottom is thus located between the lower and the upper screw conveyor. The sieve bottom alone takes care of it already in cooperation with at least one of the screw conveyors for a suction effect, whereby the buoyant components are conveyed upwards. As a result, they can then be transported out of the liquid mixture by the upper screw conveyor. The heavier components, such as stones, remain at the bottom and slide down there due to the inclined arrangement of the sieve bottom. There is at least one opening as a passage for these heavy components in the lower area of the device, namely in the area of the lower screw conveyor.

Erfindungsgemäß hat es sich auch herausgestellt, dass es von Vorteil ist die obere Förderschnecke einen größeren Durchmesser aufweist als die untere Förderschnecke. Dadurch wird ebenfalls die Saugwirkung für die leichteren bzw. Schwimm waren Bestandteile des Gemisches erhöht, was den Abtransport deutlich verbessert. Von Vorteil ist es auch, wenn dabei der Abstand der Schneckenwendel der oberen Förderschnecke deutlich größer ist als der Abstand der unteren Schneckenwendel der unteren Förderschnecke.According to the invention, it has also been found that it is advantageous that the upper screw conveyor has a larger diameter than the lower screw conveyor. This also increases the suction effect for the lighter or swimming goods components of the mixture, which significantly improves the removal. It is also advantageous if the distance between the screw helix and the upper conveyor screw is significantly greater than the distance between the lower screw helix and the lower conveyor screw.

Erfindungsgemäß wurde weiter gefunden, dass es von Vorteil ist, wenn die Drehzahl des Antriebs und damit die Drehgeschwindigkeit der oberen und/oder unteren Förderschnecke veränderbar ist. Auch hierdurch gelingt es, die Trennwirkung deutlich zu verbessern und insbesondere die Trenngeschwindigkeit zu erhöhen. Erfindungsgemäß ist es dabei nicht von Bedeutung, ob die untere und die obere Förderschnecke jeweils getrennter Antriebe aufweisen oder ob ein einzelner Antrieb vorgesehen ist, der über Getriebe die Förderschnecken mit gleicher oder unterschiedlicher Geschwindigkeit antreibt.According to the invention it was also found that it is advantageous if the speed of the drive and thus the speed of rotation of the upper and / or lower screw conveyor can be changed. This also makes it possible to significantly improve the separation effect and, in particular, to increase the separation speed. According to the invention, it is not important whether the lower and the upper screw conveyor each have separate drives or whether a single drive is provided which drives the screw conveyor with the same or different speed via gears.

Wie bereits erwähnt, ist am unteren Ende des Siebbodens wenigstens eine Öffnung vorgesehen. Dabei ist es von besonderem Vorteil, wenn diese Öffnung als verstellbare Schwerstofföffnung ausgebildet ist. Somit kann man auf unterschiedliche Korngrößen des abzutransportierende Schwerstoffmaterials reagieren. Durch die Schwerstofföffnung gelangt dann das nicht schwimmfähigen Material in den Bereich der unteren Förderschnecke und wird durch diese aus der Vorrichtung heraustransportiert.As already mentioned, at least one opening is provided at the lower end of the sieve bottom. It is particularly advantageous if this opening is designed as an adjustable heavy material opening. Thus, one can react to different grain sizes of the heavy material to be removed. The non-buoyant material then passes through the heavy material opening into the area of the lower screw conveyor and is transported out of the device by this.

Eine geschickte Variante der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung schlägt vor, dass eine Höhenverstellung zwischen dem Gestell und dem Behälter der Vorrichtung vorgesehen ist, um die Lage des Behälters im Gestell zu verändern. Damit kann auf unterschiedliche trennende Gemische reagiert werden, indem der Behälter in einem größeren Winkel bezogen auf die Aufstellfläche oder in einem geringeren Winkel bezogen auf die Aufstellfläche positioniert werden kann. Es wurde gefunden, dass dadurch die Trennwirkung deutlich verbessert werden kann. Mittels der Einstellung der Winkellage des Behälters und damit natürlich auch der beiden Förderschnecken kann damit auf unterschiedliche Materialgemische reagiert werden. Damit lässt sich auch die Höhe des Flüssigkeitsstandes im Behälter beeinflussen. Durch die Verstellung der Winkellage des Behälters wird der Raum, in dem das Materialgemisch eingeführt wird, enger bzw. vom Volumen her gesehen kleiner. Damit ist klar, dass hierdurch ebenfalls Trennwirkung günstig beeinflusst werden kann.A clever variant of the solution according to the invention proposes that a height adjustment be provided between the frame and the container of the device in order to change the position of the container in the frame. It is thus possible to react to different separating mixtures in that the container can be positioned at a larger angle with respect to the installation area or at a smaller angle with respect to the installation area. It has been found that this can significantly improve the separating effect. By adjusting the angular position of the container and thus of course also the two screw conveyors, it is possible to react to different material mixtures. In this way, the height of the liquid level in the container can also be influenced. By adjusting the angular position of the container, the space in which the material mixture is introduced becomes narrower or, in terms of volume, smaller. It is therefore clear that this can also have a favorable effect on the separating effect.

Von Vorteil ist es weiterhin, wenn an der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ein Füllstandregler zur Regelung des Wasserstandes und/oder Wasserzulauf vorgesehen ist. Auch hierdurch lässt sich die Trennwirkung beeinflussen, d. h. verbessern.It is also advantageous if a level controller for regulating the water level and / or water supply is provided on the device according to the invention. This also allows the separation effect to be influenced, i. H. to enhance.

Somit zeichnet sich die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung dadurch aus, dass eine Winkelverstellung des Behälters inklusive der Förderschnecken vorgesehen ist, eine Wasserstands- und Füllstandveränderung durchgeführt werden kann.Thus, the device according to the invention is characterized in that an angular adjustment of the container including the screw conveyor is provided, and a water level and fill level change can be carried out.

Nach der Erfindung ist es des Weiteren vorgesehen, dass an der Ausgangsseite des Behälters wenigstens zwei Transportvorrichtungen zum Abtransport der getrennten Materialien so angeordnet sind, dass das Material von den Förderschnecken auf die jeweils zugeordnete Transportvorrichtung gelangt. Dadurch gelingt ein getrennter Abtransport der schwimmfähigen und der nicht schwimmfähigen Materialbestandteile.According to the invention it is further provided that at least two transport devices for removing the separated materials are arranged on the output side of the container in such a way that the material passes from the screw conveyors to the respectively assigned transport device. This enables the buoyant and non-buoyant material components to be transported away separately.

Wie bereits eingangs erwähnt, zeichnet sich die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung dadurch aus, dass sie umsetzbar ist. Sie hat dazu beispielsweise zumindest einseitig Räder bzw. Rollen, die in einer entsprechenden Führung an dem Gestell angeordnet sind. An der von den Rollen abgewandten Seite ist dann beispielsweise eine Einhängevorrichtung angeordnet, mittels derer die Vorrichtung von einem motorgetriebenen Fahrzeug mittels einer entsprechenden korrespondierend ausgebildeten Zug- bzw. Anhängevorrichtung verschoben werden kann.As already mentioned at the beginning, the device according to the invention is characterized in that it can be implemented. For this purpose, it has wheels or rollers, for example, at least on one side, which are in a corresponding guide on the frame are arranged. On the side facing away from the rollers, a suspension device is then arranged, for example, by means of which the device can be moved from a motor-driven vehicle by means of a correspondingly designed pulling or hitching device.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels weiter beschrieben.The invention is described further below with the aid of an exemplary embodiment.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine 3-dimensionale Darstellung einer Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Trennen von Materialgemischen,
Fig. 2
eine Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung von der Rückseite aus gesehen,
Fig. 3
eine 3-dimensionale Darstellung eines Ausschnitts der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur besseren Veranschaulichung der Verwirbelungsvorrichtung,
Fig. 4
eine weitere 3-dimensionale Darstellung eines Ausschnitts der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung aus einer anderen Blickrichtung und
Fig. 5
eine Seitenansicht der Ausführungsform der Erfindung mit zusätzlicher Wanne, einem Siebboden und Höhenverstelleinrichtung.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a 3-dimensional representation of an embodiment of the device according to the invention for separating material mixtures,
Fig. 2
a view of the device according to the invention seen from the rear,
Fig. 3
a 3-dimensional representation of a section of the device according to the invention to better illustrate the swirling device,
Fig. 4
a further 3-dimensional representation of a section of the device according to the invention from a different viewing direction and
Fig. 5
a side view of the embodiment of the invention with an additional trough, a sieve bottom and height adjustment device.

Die Vorrichtung wird nachfolgend im Komplex beschrieben. In allen Figuren sind gleiche Merkmale mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen worden, weshalb eine erneute Vorstellung in den jeweiligen Figuren nicht gesondert erfolgt. Es wird lediglich anhand der unterschiedlichen Darstellungen verdeutlicht, wie die Vorrichtung funktioniert bzw. wie sie aufgebaut ist.The device is described below in the complex. In all figures, the same features have been provided with the same reference numerals, which is why they are not presented separately in the respective figures. It is only made clear on the basis of the different representations how the device works or how it is constructed.

In der Figur 1 ist eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung als 3-dimensionale Darstellung abgebildet. Die Vorrichtung ist dabei schematisch mit einem Pfeil und dem Bezugszeichen I gekennzeichnet. Die gesamte Vorrichtung ist auf einem Gestell 1/2 angeordnet. In dem Gestell 1/2 ist ein mit Flüssigkeit befüllbarer Behälter 1 angeordnet. Dieser Behälter 1 weist von links nach rechts gesehen einen abfallenden Boden 1/1 auf. Des Weiteren sind in dem Behälter 1 zwei Förderschnecken 2, 3 ebenfalls steigend (von rechts nach links gesehen) angeordnet. Die untere Förderschnecke 3 ist dabei zum Herausfördern von nicht schwimmfähigen Materialien vorgesehen, während die obere Förderschnecke 2 die schwimmfähigen Bestandteile erfasst und ebenfalls herausfördert. Die herausgeförderten Bestandteile gelangen dabei jeweils auf ein Förderband. Die nicht schwimmfähigen Bestandteile werden auf das untere Förderband als Transportvorrichtung 5 transportiert, während die schwimmfähigen Bestandteile von der Förderschnecke 2 auf das obere Förderband als Transportvorrichtung 6 transportiert werden. Der Pfeil mit dem Bezugszeichen C bezeichnet die Richtung der Ausförderung. Die Einfüllöffnung für das Materialgemisch ist mit dem Bezugszeichen A gekennzeichnet, während mit dem Bezugszeichen B schematisch der der Austritt des Materials aus der Förderschnecke gekennzeichnet ist. Die Förderbänder als Transportvorrichtungen 5, 6 sind ebenfalls am Gestell 1/2 befestigt. Mittels nicht näher bezeichneter Verstelleinrichtungen lässt sich der Anstellwinkel der der Förderbänder verändern. Unterhalb der unteren Transportvorrichtung 5 sind zwei Rollen 7/1 in einer Führung 7 vorgesehen. Dies sind Bestandteile für das Umsetzen der gesamten Vorrichtung I.In the Figure 1 an embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown as a 3-dimensional representation. The device is indicated schematically with an arrow and the reference symbol I. The entire device is arranged on a frame 1/2. A container 1 which can be filled with liquid is arranged in the frame 1/2. This container 1 has a sloping bottom 1/1 seen from left to right. Furthermore, two screw conveyors 2, 3 are arranged in the container 1, likewise rising (viewed from right to left). The lower screw conveyor 3 is provided for conveying out non-floatable materials, while the upper screw conveyor 2 grasps the floatable components and also conveys them out. The extracted components are each placed on a conveyor belt. The non-buoyant components are transported onto the lower conveyor belt as a transport device 5, while the buoyant components are transported from the screw conveyor 2 onto the upper conveyor belt as a transport device 6. The arrow with the reference symbol C denotes the direction of delivery. The filling opening for the material mixture is marked with the reference symbol A, while the reference symbol B schematically indicates the exit of the material from the screw conveyor. The conveyor belts as transport devices 5, 6 are also attached to the frame 1/2. The angle of incidence of the conveyor belts can be changed by means of adjusting devices which are not designated in any more detail. Below the lower transport device 5, two rollers 7/1 are provided in a guide 7. These are components for moving the entire device I.

Die Figur 2 zeigt eine Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung gem. der Fig. 1 von der Rückseite aus. Ebenfalls gut erkennbar ist hier der Behälter 1 mit seinem schräg abfallenden Boden 1/1. Mit dem Bezugszeichen 1/3 sind Begrenzungsflächen der Einfüllöffnung A bezeichnet. Die Förderschnecken tragen wieder die Bezugszeichen 3 und 2. In dieser Ansicht ist sehr schön die Verwirbelungsvorrichtung 4 zu sehen. Links und rechts unterhalb der oberen Förderschnecke 2 ist jeweils eine Düse 4/2 angeordnet. Die Düsen 4/2 sind mittels jeweils eines Gestänges als Verstelleinrichtung 4/3 winkelverstellbar.the Figure 2 shows a view of the device according to the invention according to FIG Fig. 1 from the rear. The container 1 with its sloping bottom 1/1 is also clearly visible here. Boundary surfaces of the filling opening A are denoted by the reference symbol 1/3. The screw conveyors again bear the reference numerals 3 and 2. In this view, the swirling device 4 can be seen very nicely. A nozzle 4/2 is arranged in each case on the left and right below the upper screw conveyor 2. The nozzles 4/2 are angle-adjustable by means of a rod as an adjusting device 4/3.

Die Figur 3 zeigt eine 3-dimensionale Darstellung eines Ausschnitts der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung gem. der Fig. 1 zur besseren Veranschaulichung einer Ausführungsform der Verwirbelungsvorrichtung 4. Die Verwirbelungsvorrichtung 4 hat dabei folgende Bestandteile, nämlich eine Pumpe 4/1, die Düse 4/2 und die hier nicht erkennbare Verstelleinrichtung 4/3 für die Düse 4/2. In der gewählten Ausführungsform besitzt die Düse 4/2 drei Austrittsöffnungen zum Austritt der Flüssigkeit. Durch den durch die Pumpe 4/1 erzeugten Überdruck wird die Flüssigkeit im Behälter aufgewirbelt, wodurch die schwimmfähigen Bestandteile der Materialmischung nach oben zur oberen Förderschnecke 2 geführt werden. In Aufstellrichtung oben ist zwischen den Trägern 1/4, die Bestandteile des Gestells 1/2 sind, eine Einhänge- bzw. Tragevorrichtung 9 vorgesehen. Dort kann beispielsweise ein Haken eines Autokrans oder einer anderen Transportvorrichtung eingehängt werden, um die gesamte Vorrichtung zum Trennen von Materialgemischen I anzuheben und umzusetzen. Mit dem Bezugszeichen 8 sind Aussteifungsbleche bezeichnet, an welchen hier nicht gezeigte Ergänzungselemente angeordnet bzw. befestigt werden können.the Figure 3 shows a 3-dimensional representation of a section of the device according to the invention according to FIG Fig. 1 for a better illustration of an embodiment of the swirling device 4. The swirling device 4 has the following components, namely a pump 4/1, the nozzle 4/2 and the adjusting device 4/3 for the nozzle 4/2, which cannot be seen here. In the selected embodiment, the nozzle 4/2 has three outlet openings for the liquid to exit. The overpressure generated by the pump 4/1 whirls up the liquid in the container, as a result of which the buoyant components of the material mixture are guided upwards to the upper screw conveyor 2. In the erection direction at the top, a suspension or carrying device 9 is provided between the supports 1/4, which are components of the frame 1/2. A hook of a truck-mounted crane or another transport device can be hung there, for example, in order to lift and move the entire device for separating material mixtures I. The reference numeral 8 denotes stiffening plates to which supplementary elements (not shown here) can be arranged or fastened.

Die Figur 4 zeigt eine ähnliche Ansicht wie Figur 3 allerdings aus einem anderen Blickwinkel.the Figure 4 shows a view similar to Figure 3 but from a different point of view.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung nach den Fig. 1 bis 4 wird für den Trennvorgang des Materialgemisches mit Flüssigkeit, beispielsweise Wasser gefüllt. Das Materialgemisch wird mittels Hebezeug oder anderen geeigneten Vorrichtungen in den Einfülltrichter A eingefüllt. Die beiden Förderschnecken 2 und 3 werden dafür in eine Drehbewegung versetzt. Das Materialgemisch wird bereits durch die Förderschnecken 2 und 3 in Bewegung gesetzt. Die Verwirbelungsvorrichtung 4 sorgt dann dafür, dass die schwimmfähigen Bestandteile des Materialgemischs zur oberen Förderschnecke 2 geführt werden. Die obere Förderschnecke 2 fördert dann das nach oben gewirbelte bzw. geführte, schwimmfähige Material zum oberen Förderband als Transportvorrichtung 6. Die untere Förderschnecke 3 fördert das nicht schwimmfähige, schwerere Material auf das untere Förderband als Transportvorrichtung 5. Die Verwirbelungseinrichtung ist mit einer Pumpe 4/1 ausgestattet, die als Umlaufpumpe ausgebildet sein kann, damit nicht ständig neues Wasser hinzugeführt werden muss. Natürlich muss auch entsprechend Frischwasser nachgefüllt werden, wenn der Flüssigkeitsstand im Behälter 1 unter ein bestimmtes Niveau fällt. Durch diese erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung gelingt es, ein sehr gutes Trennergebnis zu erhalten. Gleichzeitig wird durch die Verteilung der Flüssigkeit im Behälter 1 eine Verringerung des Verschleißes an den Förderschnecken 2, 3 und an den Behälterwänden erreicht.The inventive device according to the Figs. 1 to 4 is filled with liquid, for example water, for the separation process of the material mixture. The material mixture is poured into the hopper A using a hoist or other suitable devices. The two screw conveyors 2 and 3 are set in rotation for this purpose. The material mixture is already set in motion by the screw conveyors 2 and 3. The swirling device 4 then ensures that the buoyant constituents of the material mixture are guided to the upper screw conveyor 2. The upper screw conveyor 2 then conveys the upward swirled or guided, buoyant material to the upper conveyor belt as a transport device 6. The lower screw conveyor 3 conveys the non-buoyant, heavier material to the lower conveyor belt as a transport device 5. The swirling device is equipped with a pump 4 / 1 equipped, which can be designed as a circulation pump so that new water does not have to be constantly added. Of course, fresh water must also be refilled accordingly if the liquid level in the container 1 falls below a certain level. This configuration according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a very good separation result. At the same time, the distribution of the liquid in the container 1 reduces wear on the screw conveyors 2, 3 and on the container walls.

In der Figur 5 ist eine Weiterbildung der Vorrichtung gezeigt, die sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass die obere Förderschnecke 2 im unteren Bereich zumindest teilweise bzw. abschnittsweise von einer zusätzlichen, im Behälter 1 angeordneten Wanne 43 mit einem Siebboden 41 umfasst wird. Der Siebboden 41 ist hier schematisch als schwarze Fläche dargestellt. Tatsächlich ist der Siebboden 41 jedoch gitterförmig ausgebildet, wodurch Flüssigkeit nach unten ablaufen kann während die leichten, schwimmfähigen Bestandteile des Materialgemisches oberhalb des Siebbodens 41 verbleiben und durch die obere Förderschnecke 2 abtransportiert werden können. Die obere Förderschnecke 2 transportiert dabei das Flüssigkeitsgemisch bis zum Siebboden 41. Es entsteht eine Verwirbelung mit einer Auftriebswirkung in der zusätzlichen Wanne 43, wodurch die leichten, schwimmfähigen Bestandteile nach oben gelangen, von der Förderschnecke 2 erfasst und aus der Vorrichtung heraus transportiert werden. Die Flüssigkeit fließt durch den Siebboden 41 in den unteren Bereich des Behälters 1. Die schweren Bestandteile des Materialgemisches rutschen am Boden der Wanne 43 nach unten und gelangen dort zu einer Schwerstofföffnung 42. Durch diese Schwerstofföffnung 42 rutschen die schweren Bestandteile in den unteren Bereich des Behälters 1. Dort können sie von der unteren Förderschnecke 3 erfasst werden. Die untere Förderschnecke 3 transportiert dann diese Bestandteile auf das untere Förderband 5.In the Figure 5 A further development of the device is shown, which is characterized in that the upper screw conveyor 2 is at least partially or in sections surrounded in the lower area by an additional trough 43 with a sieve bottom 41 arranged in the container 1. The sieve bottom 41 is shown here schematically as a black area. In fact, the sieve bottom 41 is designed in the form of a grid, whereby liquid can run downwards while the light, buoyant components of the material mixture remain above the sieve bottom 41 and can be transported away by the upper screw conveyor 2. The upper screw conveyor 2 transports the liquid mixture to the sieve bottom 41. This creates a turbulence with a buoyancy effect in the additional trough 43, whereby the light, buoyant components reach the top, are captured by the screw conveyor 2 and transported out of the device. The liquid flows through the sieve bottom 41 into the lower area of the container 1. The heavy components of the material mixture slide down at the bottom of the trough 43 and reach a heavy material opening 42. The heavy components slide through this heavy material opening 42 into the lower area of the container 1. There they can be picked up by the lower screw conveyor 3. The lower screw conveyor 3 then transports these components onto the lower conveyor belt 5.

Wie ersichtlich ist die obere Förderschnecke 2 deutlich größer, d. h. mit einem größeren Durchmesser versehen. Die Schneckenwendel 2/1 sind dabei in einem größeren Abstand c voneinander angeordnet als die Schneckenwendel 3/1 der unteren Förderschnecke 3. Der Abstand der unteren Schneckenwendel 3/1 ist mit d gekennzeichnet. Der Siebboden 41 ist dabei als Verwirbelungsvorrichtung 4 vorgesehen und sorgt dafür, dass eine Sogwirkung entsteht, die ebenfalls dazu führt, dass die leichten bzw. schwimmfähigen Bestandteile des Materialgemisches in dem Bereich der oberen Förderschnecke 3 gelangen und durch diese abtransportiert werden können.As can be seen, the upper screw conveyor 2 is significantly larger, i. H. provided with a larger diameter. The screw helixes 2/1 are arranged at a greater distance c from one another than the screw helix 3/1 of the lower conveyor screw 3. The distance between the lower screw helix 3/1 is marked with d. The sieve bottom 41 is provided as a swirling device 4 and ensures that a suction effect is created, which also leads to the light or floatable components of the material mixture reaching the area of the upper screw conveyor 3 and being transported away by it.

Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung funktioniert auch ohne zusätzliche Wanne. Dabei kann beispielsweise zwischen der oberen Förderschnecke 2 und unteren Förderschnecke 3 lediglich ein Siebboden 41 vorgesehen sein, der zumindest teilweise geschlossen ist. Es ist allerdings auch möglich, den Behälter 1 mit einem Trennblech zu versehen, das ebenfalls eine Öffnung zur Aufnahme des Siebbodens 41 aufweist. Dies ist in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt.The solution according to the invention also works without an additional tub. In this case, for example, only one sieve bottom 41 can be provided between the upper screw conveyor 2 and the lower screw conveyor 3, which is at least partially closed is. However, it is also possible to provide the container 1 with a partition plate which also has an opening for receiving the sieve bottom 41. This is not shown in the drawing.

Als geschickte Variante ist in der Darstellung der Fig. 5 eine Höhenverstelleinrichtung 8 vorgesehen. Diese Höhenverstelleinrichtung 8 kann sowohl rein mechanisch, zum Beispiel als Zahnstange oder aber auch als hydraulische Verstellungseinrichtung ausgebildet sein. Über die Achse 8/1 lässt sich demzufolge die Höhenlage des Behälters 1 verändern. Damit ist klar, dass der Bereich, in dem die beiden Förderschnecken 2, 3 sich in der Flüssigkeit befinden, deutlich kleiner bzw. enger wird, je höher der Behälter 1 angehoben wird. Der maximale Flüssigkeitsstand ist mit einer Linie gekennzeichnet, die von einem Pfeil mit dem Bezugszeichen 10 berührt wird. Alle weiteren Merkmale sind in den vorhergehenden Figuren bereits beschrieben worden, sodass auf eine erneute Vorstellung verzichtet wird.A clever variant in the representation is the Fig. 5 a height adjustment device 8 is provided. This height adjustment device 8 can be designed purely mechanically, for example as a rack, or else as a hydraulic adjustment device. The height of the container 1 can therefore be changed via the axis 8/1. It is thus clear that the area in which the two screw conveyors 2, 3 are located in the liquid becomes significantly smaller or narrower the higher the container 1 is raised. The maximum liquid level is identified by a line that is touched by an arrow with the reference number 10. All other features have already been described in the previous figures, so that they will not be presented again.

Claims (14)

  1. A device for separating material mixtures of buoyant and non-buoyant materials, e.g. debris comprising stones, wood, waste mixtures, soils and/or biomasses, comprising a container (1), which is provided in a frame (1/2) and can be filled with liquid, with a funnelshaped filling opening (A) and a bottom (1/1), which is slanted to one side, wherein at least two rotatably mounted screw conveyors (2, 3), which are driven by at least one drive (11), are arranged one above the other in the container (1) in the operating position, wherein the screw conveyors (2, 3) are arranged so as to rise towards the outlet side (B) of the container (1) or are arranged substantially parallel to the bottom (1/1) of the container (1), so that they protrude at least partially from the liquid when the device is being used, at least one swirler (4) being provided between the upper screw conveyor (2) and the lower screw conveyor (3), characterized in that at least one nozzle (4/2) is provided as the swirler (4), through which liquid is forced into the container (1) with overpressure in order to whirl up the liquid in the container (1) and to guide the buoyant constituents of the material mixture upwards to the upper screw conveyor (2).
  2. A device for separating material mixtures of buoyant and non-buoyant materials, e.g. debris comprising stones, wood, waste mixtures, soils and/or biomasses, comprising a container (1), which is provided in a frame (1/2) and can be filled with liquid, with a funnelshaped filling opening (A) and a bottom (1/1), which is slanted to one side, wherein at least two rotatably mounted screw conveyors (2, 3), which are driven by at least one drive (11), are arranged one above the other in the container (1) in the operating position, wherein the screw conveyors (2, 3) are arranged so as to rise towards the outlet side (B) of the container (1) or are arranged substantially parallel to the bottom (1/1) of the container (1), so that they protrude at least partially from the liquid when the device is being used, at least one swirler (4) being provided between the upper screw conveyor (2) and the lower screw conveyor (3), characterized in that a mechanical device in the form of a rotatable shaft with blades, a stirrer or a swirl screw is provided as the swirler device (4).
  3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle (4/2) is provided so as to be angularly adjustable in order to guide the liquid flow.
  4. The device according to one of claims 1 and 3, characterized in that at least one adjusting device (4/3) is provided for adjusting the liquid flow.
  5. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that a trough (43) surrounds the circumference of the upper screw conveyor (2) in the installed position below, approximately up to half of the diameter, and the sieve bottom (41) is arranged at the bottom of the trough (43), the sieve bottom (41) preferably protruding at least partially from the liquid/the upper liquid level (10).
  6. The device according to one of claims 2 and 5, characterized in that the sieve bottom (41) surrounds the circumference of the upper screw conveyor (2) in a grid-like manner in the installed position below and/or the sieve bottom (41) surrounds the upper screw conveyor (2) in the installed position below, only in sections.
  7. The device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper screw conveyor (2) has a larger diameter than the lower screw conveyor (1).
  8. The device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance (c) between the screw helices of the upper screw conveyor (2) is greater than the distance (d) between the screw helices of the lower screw conveyor (3).
  9. The device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotational speed of the drive (11) and thus the rotational speed of the upper screw conveyor (2) and/or the lower screw conveyor (3) is variable.
  10. The device according to one of claims 2, 3, and 5 to 8, characterized in that, in the installed position, a heavy-material opening (42), in particular an adjustable heavy-material opening, is provided at the lower end of the trough (43) and/or of the sieve bottom (41).
  11. The device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a height adjustment (8) is provided between the frame (1/2) and the container (1) in order to change the position of the container (1).
  12. The device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a level controller (12) is provided for controlling the water level and/or the water supply.
  13. The device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two transport devices (5, 6) are arranged at the outlet side (B) of the container (1) for transporting away the separated materials in such a way that the material passes from the screw conveyors (2, 3) to the respective associated transport device (5, 6).
  14. The device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device is designed to be movable.
EP18000444.2A 2017-11-22 2018-05-11 Device for separating material mixtures Active EP3488931B1 (en)

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CN111441463B (en) * 2020-04-05 2020-12-11 福建爱迪生科技有限公司 Working method of sewer sewage layered treatment device
EP3943194A1 (en) * 2020-07-22 2022-01-26 Moerschen Mobile Aufbereitung GmbH Lightweight material separator for fractionation of a mixture of substances
CN111940404B (en) * 2020-08-07 2022-04-12 龙王致新(北京)科技有限公司 Soybean cleaning and screening equipment for producing soybean oil and use method thereof

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JP2916363B2 (en) * 1993-12-27 1999-07-05 日立機電工業株式会社 Sedimentation washer
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