EP3486391B1 - Wall element for building a construction - Google Patents

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a wall element for carrying out a construction. It relates more particularly to a wall element comprising at least two superimposed construction modules, each construction module comprising two facing plates, a plurality of spacers disposed between said plates to keep said plates apart, the space left free between said plates being able to be filled with a filling material, such as concrete, and means for connecting said plates to each other, each plate comprising two faces and a surface called the connecting edge of the faces of the plate between them, the plate connecting means comprising a plurality of connecting members each associated with a locking member, each connecting member being in the form of an elongated body and being retained inside one of the plates called the first plate by a retaining stop added to said body or produced in the form of a one-piece assembly with said body s.

PRIOR ART

The realization of a construction module in the form of two plates between which are placed spacers is known, as illustrated in the document CA-2.597.832 which discloses all the characteristics of the preamble of claim 1. However, the design of the modules thus produced is generally complex. In addition, their method of assembly to an adjacent module generally prevents prefabrication of the wall element which results therefrom due to the difficulty in transporting such a wall element.

PURPOSE AND SUMMARY

An object of the invention is therefore to propose a wall element whose design is simplified without affecting its prefabrication.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a wall element whose design allows easy assembly of the modules together.

To this end, the subject of the invention is a wall element comprising at least two superposed construction modules, each construction module comprising two facing plates, a plurality of spacers arranged between said plates for keeping said plates apart from one another. , the space left free between said plates being able to be filled with a filling material, such as concrete, and means for connecting said plates to each other, each plate comprising two faces and a surface called the connecting edge of the faces of the plate between them, the plate connecting means comprising a plurality of connecting members each associated with a locking member, each connecting member being in the form of an elongated body and being retained inside the one of the plates called the first plate by a retaining stop added to said body or produced in the form of a one-piece assembly with said horn ps, characterized in that each connecting member passes through the plate called the first plate and one of the spacers before being inserted into the other plate called the second plate, in that each connecting member is retained inside the second plate, by the locking member associated with said connecting member, in that each locking member is disposed inside a groove of the second plate, said grooves, said to be horizontal in the upright state of the wall element, being arranged on the face of the second plate opposite to that facing the first plate and extending from one of the vertical edges towards the other vertical edge of the second plate, and in this that the wall element further comprises connecting posts of the modules superimposed between them, each post being provided with a plurality of tabs offset axially along said post, each tab delimiting a housing open di erection of the upper end of the upright, at least two of the legs of one of the uprights respectively engaging from below with one of the spacers of two superimposed construction modules, in the inserted state of said upright in the space left free between the plates of the superimposed construction modules and at the upright state of the wall element, each spacer being, in the state engaged with a lug of said upright, inserted at least partially into the housing formed by the lug.

The presence of the uprights and their cooperation with the spacers allows a simple and rapid connection between the modules allowing the lifting of the wall element.

According to one embodiment of the invention, at least one of the uprights is provided at each of its ends with a jaw, said jaws bearing one, on the underside of the lowest building module of the superposition of construction modules, the other on top of the construction module furthest above the superposition of construction modules for sandwiching the stack of construction modules between said jaws. This sandwich reinforces the connection of the legs of the uprights with the spacers.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the first and second plates of at least one of the construction modules each comprise at least two grooves formed on the edge of the plate, these grooves extending along two edges parallel to the plate, parallel to the grooves of the grooved face of the second module plate. The presence of grooves allows easy insertion of the connecting member of the modules juxtaposed between them.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the first plate of at least one of the modules comprises, on its face opposite to that opposite the second plate, grooves parallel to the grooves of the grooved face of the second plate of the module and each stop for retaining a connecting member is housed inside one of the grooves. The presence of grooves allows accommodation easy connection means in the thickness of the plate facilitating a possible subsequent coating of the plate.

According to one embodiment of the invention, each connecting member is kept fixed in rotation at the level of the first plate by cooperation of shapes complementary to the retaining stop and the groove of the first plate inside which the retaining stop is arranged. This results in ease of assembly and consequently a saving of time during assembly.

According to one embodiment of the invention, at least one of the locking members takes the form of a ring locked by quarter-turn rotation to the associated connecting member. Again, this arrangement allows ease of assembly.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the face of the second plate opposite to that opposite the first plate is equipped with at least one rail housed at least partially inside one of the grooves formed on said face, this rail being fixed by snap-fastening on the row of locking members arranged inside the groove. This results in an ease of fixing elements, such as plasterboard plates, to the wall element by means of said rails.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the wall element comprises at least one construction module juxtaposed with the superimposed construction modules and similar to the superimposed construction modules, and the wall element comprises, for the connection of two modules construction juxtaposed therebetween, connecting rods capable of being inserted in the grooves equipping the edges of the plates of said construction modules. The combination upright / connecting rod allows quick and easy assembly of the superimposed and / or juxtaposed modules between them.

According to one embodiment of the invention, at least one of the spacers has the shape of a tubular body or of a blade provided with bores through extending from a edge of the blade towards an opposite edge of the blade. The presence of through holes in the blades or the production of a spacer in the form of a tubular body allows easy passage of the spacers by the connecting means.

According to one embodiment of the invention, at least the plates of each construction module are made of polystyrene. This results in a low cost and ease of machining of the module plates.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

• La figure 1 représente une vue en position éclatée des éléments le constituant d'un élément de paroi conforme à l'invention ;
• La figure 2 représente une vue en position assemblée des éléments le constituant d'un élément de paroi conforme à l'invention ;
• La figure 3 représente une vue en perspective d'un montant ;
• La figure 4 représente une vue en perspective d'un premier mode de réalisation d'un module conforme à l'invention ;
• La figure 5 représente une vue en perspective en position éclatée des éléments le constituant du module de la figure 4 ;
• La figure 6 représente une vue schématique partielle en coupe longitudinale prise au niveau d'un montant pour illustrer la liaison entretoise/montant avec une vue de détail A de cette liaison dans le cas d'un module conforme à la figure 4 ;
• La figure 7 représente une vue partielle en coupe des moyens de liaison entre deux plaques d'un module conforme à la figure 4 ;
• La figure 8 représente une vue en perspective d'un autre mode de réalisation d'un module de construction conforme à l'invention ;
• La figure 9 représente une vue en perspective en position éclatée des éléments le constituant du module de la figure 8 ;
• La figure 10 représente une vue schématique partielle en coupe longitudinale prise au niveau d'un montant pour illustrer la liaison entretoise/montant avec une vue de détail B de cette liaison dans le cas d'un module conforme à la figure 8.

The invention will be clearly understood on reading the following description of exemplary embodiments, with reference to the appended drawings in which:

• The figure 1 shows an exploded position view of the elements constituting a wall element according to the invention;
• The figure 2 shows a view in the assembled position of the elements constituting a wall element according to the invention;
• The figure 3 shows a perspective view of an upright;
• The figure 4 shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of a module according to the invention;
• The figure 5 represents a perspective view in exploded position of the elements constituting the module of the figure 4 ;
• The figure 6 shows a partial schematic view in longitudinal section taken at the level of an upright to illustrate the spacer / upright connection with a detailed view A of this connection in the case of a module conforming to the figure 4 ;
• The figure 7 shows a partial sectional view of the connecting means between two plates of a module according to the figure 4 ;
• The figure 8 shows a perspective view of another embodiment of a construction module according to the invention;
• The figure 9 represents a perspective view in exploded position of the elements constituting the module of the figure 8 ;
• The figure 10 represents a partial schematic view in longitudinal section taken at the level of an upright to illustrate the spacer / upright connection with a detail view B of this connection in the case of a module conforming to the figure 8 .

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

As mentioned above, the invention relates to a wall element 1 for the realization of any construction. This wall element 1 comprises a plurality of construction modules 6. These construction modules 6 are, for some, arranged in the superimposed state, and, for others, in the juxtaposed state, as shown in the figure 1 where the wall element 1 comprises three rows of superimposed modules. Each construction module 6 comprises two facing plates 2, 3. These plates extend in the upright state of the wall element 1. Each plate has two faces and a surface called the connecting edge of the faces of the plate between them. Thus, the plate 2, hereinafter called the first plate, comprises a face 21, a face 22 and a edge 23 while the plate 3, sometimes called the second plate, comprises a face 31, a face 32 and an edge 33. These plates 2 and 3 of generally quadrangular shape are generally made of polystyrene. The second plate 3 comprises on its face 32, opposite to that opposite the first plate 2, grooves 8 said to be horizontal which extend from one of the vertical edges towards the other of the vertical edges of the second plate 3 in the erected state of the plate 3. These grooves 8 are three in number and extend in parallel with one another in the example shown. Each plate also comprises at least two grooves 12 formed on the edge of the plate, these grooves 12 extending along two parallel edges of the plate parallel to the grooves 8 of the grooved face 32 of the second plate 3 of the module. Thus, the first plate 2 comprises, at its upper edge 23 and its lower edge 23 at least one groove 12 which extends from one of the vertical edges towards the other of the vertical edges of the first plate 2 in the upright state of the wall element. Similarly, the second plate 3 comprises, at its upper edge 33 and its lower edge 33, at least one groove 12 which extends from one of the vertical edges towards the other of the vertical edges of the second plate 3 in the upright state of the wall element.

Finally, the first plate 2 comprises, on its face 22 opposite to that opposite the second plate 3, grooves 13 parallel to the grooves 8 of the grooved face 32 of the second plate 3. The role of these grooves will be described below. after.

Each construction module 6 also comprises a plurality of spacers 4 disposed between the plates 3 for maintaining the spacing of the plates between them and means 7 for connecting the plates 2, 3 to one another in the position positioned in parallel with each other. and facing one another of said plates 2, 3. These spacers 4 can have a large number of shapes and are generally arranged in a row and in column between the plates of the module which extend vertically in the upright state of the wall element. Thus, these spacers 4 may be in the form of a tubular body, one of the ends of which bears on the face 21 of the first plate 2 and the other end of which bears on the face 31 of the second plate 3 as shown in the figure 4 . These spacers 4 may also be in the form of blades provided with through holes 41 extending from a edge of the blade towards an opposite edge of the blade. In this embodiment, each blade is supported by one of its longitudinal edges on the face 21 of the plate 2 and by the other of its longitudinal edges on the face 31 of the plate 3 as illustrated in the figure 8 . To allow the spacers 4 to be held in position between the plates 2, 3, the plates 2, 3 are interconnected by the connecting means 7 mentioned above. These connecting means 7 comprise a plurality of connecting members 71 each associated with a locking member 72. Each connecting member 71 is in the form of an elongated body 711. This elongated body 711 crosses the first plate 2 and a spacer 4 either at the level of a hole 41 passing through the spacer, when the spacer is a blade, or at the level of the tube cavity in the case of a spacer tubular before being inserted into the second plate 3. This elongated body 711 is retained inside the first plate 2 by a retaining stop 712 which, in the example shown, is produced in the form of a one-piece assembly with the body 711 and inside the second plate 3 by the locking member 72 associated with said connecting member 71. Thus, in the example shown, the body 711 and the stop 712 take the form of an anchor rod with the stop 712 forming the head of the rod and the body 711 the body of the rod. Each stop 712 for retaining the connecting member 71 is housed inside a horizontal groove 13 in the face 22 of the first plate 2. Each connecting member 71 is kept fixed in rotation at the level of the first plate 2 by cooperation of complementary shapes of the retaining stop 712 and of the groove 13 of the first plate 2 inside which the retaining stop 712 is arranged. Thus, in the example shown, the stop 712 is a square plate in the center of which the body 712 is welded. Two edges of this plate inserted in the groove 13 of the face 22 of the first plate extend parallel to the longitudinal edges of the groove 13. The locking member 72 associated with the connecting member 71 is for its part disposed at inside a horizontal groove 8 of the face 32 of the second plate. In the examples shown, the locking members 72 assume the shape of a ring locked by quarter-turn rotation to the associated connecting member 71. Thus, as illustrated for example the figure 5 , the plates 2, 3 are assembled together by connecting members organized in rows here three in number. At a row of connecting members, all the stops 712 of the connecting members 71 are arranged inside a same groove 13 on the face 22 of the first plate 2 while the associated locking members 72 are arranged inside the same groove 8 on the face 32 of the second plate 2. This series of locking members can allow the fixing of a rail 14. This U-shaped rail 14 with two wings curved in the direction from the inside of the U is housed at least partially inside the groove 8 and is snap-fastened on the row of locking members 71 arranged inside the groove 8. This rail 14 can allow fixing subsequent plasterboard on the wall element.

To allow assembly, in the superimposed state, of the construction modules, as described above, the uprights 9 for connecting the modules 6 to one another are provided. These uprights 9 are intended to be inserted in the space 5 left free between the two plates of the module, this space 5 then being intended to be filled with a filling material, such as concrete, once the wall element arranged in the erected state at the construction site. Generally, at least two uprights are provided for a stack of modules. Each upright 9 is provided with a plurality of lugs 10 axially offset along the upright 9. Each lug 10 defines a housing 11 open towards the upper end of the upright 9. At least two of the lugs 10 of one of the uprights 9 respectively engage from below with one of the spacers 4 of two superimposed construction modules 6, in the inserted state of the upright 9 in the space 5 left free between the plates 2, 3 of the construction modules 6 superimposed and in the erected state of the wall element 1. Each spacer 4 is, in the state engaged with a lug 10 of the upright 9, at least partially inserted into the housing 11 provided by the lug 10.

In the examples shown, each leg constitutes with the body of the upright an open U towards the upper end of the upright in the upright state of the upright. Each upright 9 is also provided, at each of its ends, with a jaw 16. The jaws 16 bear one, called a jaw lower, on the underside of the lowest building module 6 of the overlay of building modules 6, the other, called the upper jaw, on top of the lowest building module 6 of the overlay of building modules 6 construction for sandwiching the stack of construction modules 6 between the lower jaw and the upper jaw.

These jaws can affect a large number of shapes. In the example shown, the upper jaw takes the form of an inverted U-shaped plate with the ends of the branches of the U curved so as to each fit into a groove 12 in the upper edges 23 and 33 of the first and second plates of the module the most above the stack. The lower jaw is in the form of two hooks connected together by a connecting element. One of the hooks engages from below with the groove 12 of the bottom edge 23 of the first plate of the module most below the stack of modules while the other hook engages from below with the groove 12 of the lower edge 33 of the second module plate most below the stack of modules. The upright is threaded at its upper end and a nut can be added to allow the upper jaw to be applied on the upper edge of the plates of the module most above.

Finally, the wall element 1 comprises, for fixing juxtaposed construction modules 6, connecting rods 15 capable of being inserted in the grooves 12 fitted to the edges 23 and 33 of the plates 2, 3 of the construction modules 6 .

Thus, the lower jaw of each upright comes to partial overlap of the connecting rods 15 connecting together the modules juxtaposed most below the stacks of modules while the upper jaw of each upright comes to partial overlapping of the connecting rods 15 between them the modules juxtaposed the most above stacks of modules. The establishment of the uprights ensures on the one hand, the maintenance in the assembled state of the superposition of modules and, on the other hand, the maintenance in position of the connecting rods ensuring the connection of the modules juxtaposed with each other. The result is a simplicity of mounting.

In practice, generally the mounting of such a wall element is carried out as follows.

Each construction module 6 is prefabricated by assembling the plates and spacers using the connecting means. Uprights are arranged in the erected state, connecting rods are positioned on the ground partially overlapping the lower jaws of the uprights, and the modules are attached to the connecting rods so that the grooves 12 of the lower edges 23 and 33 of the first and second plates of the lower modules are positioned above the connecting rods 15 to allow insertion of the connecting rods 15 inside the grooves.

These modules are also threaded on the uprights so that the legs of the uprights come into engagement from below by simple interlocking with some of the spacers of the modules which are aligned in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal grooves 8 of the face 32 of the second plate 3 Once the positioning of the modules has been completed, the upper connecting rods 15 are positioned in the grooves 12 of the upper edges 23 and 33 of the first and second plates and the upper jaw of the uprights is positioned with partial overlap of the connecting rods and maintained fixed axially on the associated upright by screwing a nut. The modules are thus sandwiched between the jaws. The wall element is then brought to the site. Slats are attached to close the two vertical sides of the wall element and curable filling material is poured between the plates of the modules. Once the filling material has hardened, at least the upper jaw of the uprights can be removed.

As a variant, provision may be made not to prefab the modules and to manufacture them around the uprights. These extremely simple operations allow at least partial automation of the assembly.

Each wall element may consist exclusively of modules or of a combination of modules and attached joinery elements and form a wall of the type shown in FIG. figure 1 .

Claims (10)

1. A wall element (1) comprising at least two superimposed construction modules (6), each construction module (6) comprising two opposite plates (2, 3), a plurality of spacers (4) arranged between said plates (2, 3) to keep said plates (2, 3) separated from one another, the space (5) left free between said plates (2, 3) being able to be filled by a filler material, such as concrete, and means (7) for connecting said plates (2, 3) to one another, each plate (2, 3) comprising two faces (21, 22; 31, 32) and a surface called edge (23, 33) for connecting the faces (21, 22; 31, 32) of the plate (2, 3) to one another, the connecting means (7) of the plates (2, 3) comprising a plurality of connecting members (71) each associated with a locking member (72), each connecting member (71) assuming the form of an elongate body and being retained inside one of the plates, called first plate (2), by a retaining stop (712) attached on said body (711) or made in the form of a monobloc assembly with said body (711),
   characterized in that each connecting member (71) passes through the plate (2), called first plate (2), and one of the spacers (4) before being inserted in the other plate (3), called second plate (3), in that each connecting member (71) is retained inside the second plate (3), by the locking member (72) associated with said connecting member (71), in that each blocking member (72) is arranged inside a slot (8) of the second plate (3), said slots (8), called horizontal in the upright state of the wall element (1), being arranged on the face (32) of the second plate (3) opposite that (31) across from the first plate (2) and extending from one of the vertical edges toward the other vertical edge of the second plate (3), and in that the wall element (1) further comprises connecting uprights (9) of the modules (6) superimposed on one another, each upright (9) being provided with a plurality of tabs (10) axially offset along said upright (9), each tab (10) delimiting a housing (11) toward the upper end of the upright (9), at least two of the tabs (10) of one of the uprights (9) respectively engaging from the bottom with one of the spacers (4) of two superimposed construction modules (6), in the state of said upright (9) inserted in the space (5) left free between the plates (2, 3) of the superimposed construction modules (6) and in the upright state of the wall element (1), each spacer (4) being, in the state engaged with a tab (10) of said upright (9), inserted at least partially nesting in the housing (11) arranged by the tab (10).
2. The wall element (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the uprights (9) is provided at each of its ends with a jaw (16), said jaws (16) bearing one, on the bottom of the construction module (6) lowest in the superposition of construction modules (6), the other on the top of the construction module (6) highest in the superposition of construction modules (6) in order to sandwich the stack of construction modules between said jaws (16).
3. The wall element (1) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the first and second plates (2, 3) of at least one of the construction modules (6) each comprise at least two slots (12) arranged on the edge (23, 33) of the plate (2, 3), these slots (12) extending along two parallel edges of the plate (2, 3), parallel to the slots (8) of the slotted face of the second plate (3) of the module.
4. The wall element (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first plate (2) of at least one of the modules comprises, on its face (22) opposite that (21) across from the second plate (3), slots (13) parallel to the slots (8) of the slotted face (32) of the second plate (3) of the module, and in that each stop (712) for retaining a connecting member (71) is housed inside one of the slots (13).
5. The wall element (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that each connecting member (71) is kept fixed in rotation at the first plate (2) by complementary shape matching of the retaining stop (712) and the slot (13) of the first plate (2) inside which the retaining stop (712) is arranged.
6. The wall element (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one of the locking members (72) assumes the form of a ring locked by quarter-turn rotation to the associated connecting member (71).
7. The wall element (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the face (32) of the second plate (3) opposite that across from the first plate (2) is equipped with at least one rail (14) housed at least partially inside one of the slots (8) arranged on said face (32), this rail (14) being fixed by snapping on the row of locking members (72) arranged inside the slot (8).
8. The wall element according to one of claims 1 to 7, in combination with claim 3, characterized in that the wall element (1) comprises at least one construction module (6) juxtaposed with the superimposed construction modules (6) and similar to the superimposed construction modules (6), and in that the wall element (1) comprises, for the connection of two construction modules (6) juxtaposed with respect to one another, connecting rods (15) capable of being inserted into the slots (12) equipping the edges (23, 33) of the plates (2, 3) of said construction modules (6).
9. The wall element (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least one of the spacers (4) assumes the form of a tubular body or a strip equipped with through piercings (41) extending from one edge of the strip toward an opposite edge of the strip.
10. The wall element according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least one of the plates (2, 3) of each construction module (6) is made from polystyrene.

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