EP3483361A1 - Screen and security fence comprising such a screen - Google Patents

Abstract

A grid (3) for safety fence (1), the grid (3) consisting of horizontal steel wires (31) joined to vertical steel wires (32) having a height greater than 1m80, the wires vertical steel (32) being spaced apart from each other by the same distance, the horizontal steel wires (31) and the vertical steel wires (32) having a diameter of between 3.7 mm and 3.9 mm mm.

Description

GENERAL TECHNICAL FIELD AND PRIOR ART

The present invention relates to a security fence to prevent the passage of an intruder, for example a person or an animal, in a protected and sensitive area, urbanized or not, with a high risk of intrusion, particularly on a railway track .

In known manner, a safety fence is generally mounted on the periphery of hazardous areas, for example a railroad, to prevent people or animals from circulating in the hazardous area inadvertently. A security fence is common equipment and is used by both professionals and individuals.

To form a security fence, it is known to use rigid panels of steel wires which are positioned adjacent. In practice, the rigid steel son have a diameter of between 4 and 6 mm and are welded together and then galvanized or coated with additional organic protection. Specific posts are used to keep the rigid panels in position. The posts are spaced and sealed in the ground using concrete pedestals. In a known manner, a spacing of 2.5 m is generally observed.

Such rigid panels have many disadvantages. The unit cost of a panel is high because it has a large number of steel wires and large diameter. The weight of such a rigid panel is also important, which makes handling difficult and requires the use of sealed posts. In addition, the use of concrete to seal the columns is not desired since it negatively impacts the environment and increases the exposure time and therefore its cost. A rigid panel also has the disadvantage of being easily stolen by cutting it to the right of a pole, which increases the overall cost of such an outdoor fence over great distances, in particular, for a railway application.

Another important disadvantage of such a rigid panel is that it lacks flexibility and is not always perfectly effective on certain types of terrain. Indeed, the panel does not allow to fence optimally a sloping area. Also, with reference to the figure 1 , after the introduction of rigid panels 9 between posts 90 sealed in the ground S, there are spaces E between the ground S and the panels 90 through which game can travel. These spaces E must be filled with artisanal means or by adding concrete portions, which negatively impacts the environment and increases the cost.

To eliminate these disadvantages, an immediate solution would be to use a conventional wire mesh flexible steel roll-conditioned and whose diameter is between 2 and 3.5 mm. The advantage of such a grid is that it can be fixed to the ground by means of posts that can be planted directly into the ground, that is to say, without resorting to a concrete seal, which allows pose following the profile of the field.

Nevertheless, such a grid lacks strength and rigidity. Steel wires can be easily deformed. In addition, the meshes of the mesh are often broad and flexible and do not protect from an intruder who can climb the fence. In addition, the section of the threads and the mesh size of the mesh are such that they can not withstand a depression of an animal of significant weight.

There is a need for a fence that is easy to install, low cost and offers significant resistance during an impact with an animal while reducing the risk of crossing a person.

Incidentally, we know from the document DE2650578A1 a mesh whose size ratio between the lower mesh and the upper mesh is adapted to the size ratio of big game compared to small game. The document JPH08240040A1 teaches a wire mesh with an upper protection band to prevent it from being deformed. The document WO206 / 114290 teaches a grid panel that has horizontal wires that are sandwiched between a plurality of pairs of vertical wires.

GENERAL PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

To this end, the invention relates to a fence for safety fence, the grid being made of horizontal steel son solidarized with vertical steel son having a height greater than 1m80, the vertical steel son being spaced one by one others from the same distance.

Preferably, the horizontal steel wires and the vertical steel wires have a diameter of between 3.7 mm and 3.9 mm.

Such steel wires are thinner than steel wires of a rigid panel according to the prior art, which makes it possible to reduce the mass of the mesh. In addition, such steel son offer greater flexibility, which allows, on the one hand, to lay the grill in sloping areas and, on the other hand, to condition the roll netting. A roller packaging makes it easier to install, in particular by means of machines equipped with an unwinder. The time and cost of laying a linear meter are significantly reduced. A diameter of between 3.7 mm and 3.9 mm makes it possible to offer a compromise between strength and flexibility, which makes it possible to benefit from the advantages of a rigid panel and those of a traditional flexible grid according to the prior art. .

For those skilled in the art of security fencing, there is a technical prejudice according to which a tall fence, greater than 1m80, is necessarily made by a rigid panel with large-diameter steel wires to ensure safety, which prevented any roll packaging. The present invention goes against this technical prejudice by reducing the diameter of the steel wires while changing the mesh shape to maintain high security. Thanks to the invention, roll packaging is finally possible, which significantly reduces the laying costs.

In addition, there is also a technical prejudice on the use of a traditional flexible mesh to form a security fence given the disadvantages mentioned above (small diameter steel wire, low resistance, spaced meshes, etc.). The skilled person went against this technical prejudice to form a powerful and robust mesh while being able to be packaged in roll.

Preferably, the vertical steel wires have a height greater than 2m, more preferably greater than 2m50. Advantageously, the vertical steel wires have a height less than 2m60 so as to facilitate laying.

Preferably, the horizontal steel wires and the vertical steel wires have a diameter of 3.8 mm. Such a diameter offers the best compromise between mass and flexibility.

Preferably, the horizontal steel wires and the vertical steel wires are made of mild steel. A mild steel offers greater flexibility, which allows to put the fence in areas with relief. In addition, small diameter roll packaging is also possible. Advantageously, this type of steel allows the grid to be packaged in a roll and to ensure unwinding, during installation, without risk of breaking welds.

Preferably, the vertical steel wires are spaced apart from each other by the same distance Dv between 49 mm and 52 mm. Such a vertical distance advantageously makes it possible to prevent an intruder from placing his foot on a horizontal steel wire between two vertical steel wires. The risk of crossing the screen is thus reduced. In addition, a large number of vertical steel wires does not prevent a roll conditioning of the mesh because the vertical steel wires extend parallel to the winding axis and are preferably made of steel soft.

According to a preferred aspect, the mesh comprises between 15 and 19 horizontal steel wires when the mesh has a height of between 2m30 and 2m60. Preferably, the linear density of horizontal wires in the vertical direction is between 6 and 8. Advantageously, the number of horizontal steel wires is very small compared to the number of vertical steel wires, which allows to limit the mass of the wire mesh in a significant way while guaranteeing a high security. In addition, a small number of horizontal steel wires facilitates a roll conditioning of the mesh with the vertical steel wires extending parallel to the axis. winding. Thus, the shape of the meshes of the mesh advantageously allows to maintain a high security while allowing optimal packaging.

Preferably, the mesh comprises first meshes having a height, defined between two adjacent horizontal steel wires, between 200 mm and 203 mm. Such first meshes can limit the risk of deformation of vertical son.

Preferably, the mesh comprises second meshes having a height, defined between two adjacent horizontal steel wires, between 100 mm and 103 mm. Such second meshes can locally reinforce part of the mesh.

According to a preferred aspect, the mesh comprises a lower portion and / or an upper portion having only second meshes. The use of second meshes at the lower part and / or the upper part reinforces the lower and / or upper edge, which facilitates the installation of the mesh with a reel while improving the mechanical strength of the mesh when it is placed or when it is packaged in a roll. In addition, the lower part optimizes the attachment of a buried auxiliary grill which will ensure sufficient coverage by bonding to the steel son of the lower part.

Preferably, the mesh comprises only first meshes having a height, defined between two adjacent horizontal steel wires, between 200 mm and 203 mm and second meshes having a height, defined between two adjacent horizontal steel wires, included between 100 mm and 103 mm. A mesh with two types of mesh advantageously facilitates the cooperation of two identical screens by vertical overlap to form a high-rise screen. In addition, this makes it possible to simplify the manufacture of the mesh by means of a PLC.

More preferably, the grid comprises an intermediate portion consisting of a repetition of identical mesh modules, each mesh module comprising at least a first mesh having a height, defined between two adjacent horizontal steel wires, between 200 mm and 203 mm and at least one second mesh having a height, defined between two horizontal steel wires adjacent, between 100 mm and 103 mm. Such a repetition makes it possible to locally reinforce the grating at regular intervals, avoiding forming a sparse zone that can be easily deformed by an intruder. The resistance of the mesh is important despite a reduced number of horizontal steel wires.

Preferably, each mesh module consists of two first meshes and a second mesh. Such a mesh module makes it possible to ensure a compromise between mass and resistance.

Preferably, the vertical steel wires extend vertically upwardly from the uppermost horizontal steel wire so as to form protective pins. Such protective pins prevent an intruder from gripping the top edge of the mesh to climb. Advantageously, the multiplicity of vertical steel wires limits the risk of intrusion.

In a preferred aspect, the screen is rolled, preferably 25 m or 50 m. A roll packaging facilitates the installation compared to rigid panels according to the prior art.

The invention also relates to a safety fence comprising at least one grating as presented above and a plurality of posts tensioning said screen, each post having a base planted in the ground. Due to its flexibility and reduced mass, the grid can be fixed by means of planted posts, which is more practical and faster while having a limited environmental impact compared to sealed posts.

Preferably, the fence comprises an auxiliary grill which is mounted in partial overlap of the grill, in particular, its lower part. More preferably, the auxiliary grill does not extend over the intermediate portion of the grill. Such a fence avoids the intrusion of animals digging under the fence. The auxiliary grill is advantageously supported by the grill, in particular by its lower part which is reinforced.

Preferably, the auxiliary screen is buried in the ground to a depth of at least 50 cm. Thus, the risk of digging intrusion is limited.

• une étape de fixation d'une extrémité d'un grillage conditionné en rouleau,
• une étape de déroulement dudit grillage et
• une étape de plantage des poteaux dans le sol et de fixation des poteaux au grillage au fur et à mesure de son déroulement.

The invention also relates to a method of laying a security fence as presented above, the method comprising:

• a step of attaching an end of a roll-conditioned grid,
• a step of unwinding said screen and
• a step of crashing the posts into the ground and fixing the poles to the fence as it unfolds.

Such a laying method is fast and economical compared to rigid panels according to the prior art sealed with concrete.

The invention also relates to a use of a fence as presented above to prevent access to a railway track.

PRESENTATION OF FIGURES

• la figure 1 est une représentation schématique d'une clôture de sécurité selon l'art antérieur comportant des panneaux rigides sur un sol en pente,
• la figure 2 est une représentation schématique d'une clôture de sécurité comportant un grillage selon l'invention,
• la figure 3 est une représentation schématique partielle du grillage de la figure 2,
• la figure 4 est une représentation schématique d'une clôture de sécurité comportant un grillage selon l'invention et un grillage auxiliaire partiellement enterré et
• la figure 5 est une représentation schématique d'un grillage selon l'invention mis en place dans un terrain en pente.

The invention will be better understood on reading the description which will follow, given solely by way of example, and referring to the appended drawings in which:

• the figure 1 is a schematic representation of a security fence according to the prior art comprising rigid panels on a sloping ground,
• the figure 2 is a schematic representation of a security fence comprising a grid according to the invention,
• the figure 3 is a partial schematic representation of the grid of the figure 2 ,
• the figure 4 is a diagrammatic representation of a safety fence comprising a grating according to the invention and a partly buried auxiliary grating and
• the figure 5 is a schematic representation of a grid according to the invention set up in a sloping terrain.

It should be noted that the figures disclose the invention in detail to implement the invention, said figures can of course be used to better define the invention where appropriate.

DESCRIPTION OF ONE OR MORE MODES OF REALIZATION AND IMPLEMENTATION

With reference to the figure 2 , there is shown a safety fence 1 according to one embodiment of the invention.

The security fence 1 comprises a plurality of vertical posts 2, planted in the ground S, which are fixed to the grid 3. The grid 3 consists of a plurality of horizontal steel wires 31 joined to a plurality of vertical steel wires 32. The steel wires 31, 32 are preferably joined together by welding, in particular electrically. As the screen 3 is intended to prevent intrusions, in particular persons or animals, the vertical steel wires 32 have a height greater than 1m80, preferably between 2m30 and 2m60, preferably equal to 2m45.

According to the invention, the horizontal steel wires 31 and the vertical steel wires 32 have a diameter of between 3.7 mm and 3.9 mm, preferably equal to 3.8 mm. Thus, advantageously, the safety grid 3 has a rigidity and a resistance which are lower than that of a rigid panel according to the prior art, which makes it possible to condition the safety grid roll in a manner similar to a grid according to the prior art.

In addition, such a diameter allows maintenance of the mesh 3 by means of vertical posts 2 can be planted in the ground S, that is to say, without requiring concrete blocks. In addition, the mesh 3 provides sufficient flexibility to be laid in a tense area in a sloping manner.

In addition, such a diameter of steel son 31, 32 prevents their deformation to allow an intruder to provide a fulcrum to climb the fence. Compared to a conventional flexible mesh according to the prior art, the mesh 3 according to the invention has a higher rigidity and strength which prevents the passage of intruders such as game.

Thus, such a grid 3 has the advantages of a rigid panel and a traditional flexible grid according to the prior art, which makes its optimal application to protect a railway area.

Preferably, the grid 3 comprises horizontal steel wires 31 and vertical 32 which are made of mild steel. Thus, the flexibility of the mesh 3 is important even for a diameter of steel wire between 3.7 mm and 3.9 mm. Its cost is also reduced. Using the same type of steel wire helps to reduce costs.

With reference to the figure 3 the vertical steel wires 32 are spaced apart by the same spacing distance Dv which is less than 52 mm in order to prevent an intruder from providing a fulcrum for climbing the grid 3. Preferably, the distance Dv spacing is greater than 49 mm so as to limit the mass of the mesh 3. Preferably, a spacing distance Dv equal to 50.8 mm is preferred because it offers a compromise between safety and mass reduction to allow packaging wire mesh 3 in roll of 25 m or 50 m can be worn by a man without difficulty or by a traditional machine.

Thus, it is not possible for an intruder to climb the grid 3 since it does not have enough space to put his foot on a horizontal steel wire 31 between two vertical steel wires 32 adjacent. Security is thus greatly improved over the prior art and the risk of crossing an intruder is reduced.

Preferably, the number of horizontal steel wires 31 is between 15 and 19 when the grid has a height of between 2m30 and 2m60. In this example, the number of horizontal steel wires 31 is 17 for a vertical height of 2.45m, which corresponds to a linear density of 6.8 horizontal wires per meter. Preferably, the linear density of horizontal wires 31 in the vertical direction is between 6 and 8 so as to reduce the weight of the mesh 3.

Compared with the vertical steel wires 32, the horizontal steel wires 31 are few in number and are spaced a greater distance so as to connect the vertical steel wires 32 without penalizing the mass of the grid 3.

In this embodiment, with reference to the figure 2 , the mesh 3 comprises a lower portion 3A, an intermediate portion 3B and an upper portion 3C.

As shown in detail at figure 3 , the lower part 3A comprises four horizontal steel wires 31 spaced from each other by a spacing distance Dh2 between 100 mm and 103 mm, which reinforces the lower end of the mesh 3. In addition, such a lower part 3A makes it possible to ensure optimum overlap and fixing of a buried grid on the first three horizontal steel wires 31 as will be presented hereinafter.

Similarly, the upper part 3C comprises three horizontal steel wires 31 spaced apart from one another by the same spacing distance Dh2, which makes it possible to reinforce the upper end of the grid 3.

With reference to figures 2 and 3 the vertical steel wires 31 extend vertically upwardly relative to the uppermost horizontal steel wire 32 so as to form protective pins 33 preventing an intruder from being supported on the edge top of the grill 3 to climb it. Preferably, with reference to figures 3 and 4 , the length of the protective pins 33 is between 10 mm and 30 mm, preferably equal to 20 mm.

Preferably, the grid 3 may comprise an upper horizontal wire and / or a lower horizontal wire of increased rigidity (semi-hard steel) so as to increase the resistance at the ends of the grid 3, which improves its mechanical strength.

Still referring to the figure 3 , the intermediate portion 3B has a judicious distribution of the horizontal steel son 31 so as to make the vertical steel wires 32 integral without penalizing the mass of the grid 3. In this example, the intermediate part 3B comprises several repetitions ( 4 reps on the figure 3 ) of a mesh module 5 comprising two first meshes M1 followed by a second mesh M2. In this embodiment, the vertical height Dh1 of a first mesh M1 is between 200mm and 203mm while the vertical height Dh2 a second mesh M2 is between 100mm and 103 mm, that is to say, identical to the meshes of the lower portion 3A and the upper portion 3C.

Preferably, the vertical height Dh1 of a first mesh M1 is a multiple of the vertical height Dh2 of a second mesh M2, preferably by a factor of 2. This makes it easier to produce the mesh 3 by means of production automaton while allowing a mesh matching during a stack of mesh 3 according to the invention. It is thus possible to increase the height of a fence by partially overlapping two screens 3.

The height of a first mesh M1 is defined to allow sufficient support of the vertical steel wires 32 without penalizing the mass of the mesh 3. The second meshes M2 make it possible to increase the rigidity of the mesh 3 locally, which allows to avoid the separation of the steel wires 31, 32 during the energization of the mesh 3 on the posts 2.

Preferably, the mesh 3 comprises only two types of meshes: first meshes M1 or second meshes M2. With reference to the figure 3 the lower part 3A of the mesh 3 and the upper part 3C of the mesh 3 only have second meshes M2. In addition to the aesthetic advantages of using only two types of mesh M1, M2, it also allows to associate together two screens 3 which are offset vertically relative to each other to increase the height of the fence 1.

In this example, with reference to the figure 2 each post 2 comprises a planted base which is preferably in the form of a beveled portion (not shown) adapted to be introduced into the ground. Each post 2 preferably comprises notches for fixing the grid 3, in particular to cooperate with the horizontal steel wires 31. Advantageously, the posts 2 may be spaced 4 to 5 meters since the grid 3 has a reduced mass.

Additionally, with reference to the figure 4 , the safety fence 1 may comprise an auxiliary grill 4 which is mounted on the covering of the grill 3 according to the invention. The auxiliary grill 4 is buried in the soil S to a depth of at least 50 cm so as to prevent the circulation of animals under the grill 3 by digging the soil S. The auxiliary grill 4 extends over the S floor only a few centimeters, preferably 30 cm, and is supported by the mesh 3 according to the invention.

Preferably, the auxiliary grill 4 is fixed to the lower part 3A of the grill 3, in particular, by stapling. A reinforced lower part 3A is thus advantageous because it makes it possible to ensure optimum support of the auxiliary grating 4. The presence of second meshes M2 of small dimensions makes it possible to arrange several fastening places close to each other, which optimizes the fixing of the auxiliary grid 4. Preferably, the auxiliary grid 4 has square meshes of 50 mm by 50 mm so as to allow optimum fixing with the lower part 3A of the grid 3. Advantageously, a mesh of the auxiliary grid 4 is two times less than a mesh of the lower part 3A, which offers flexibility in fixing while being practical.

The passage of animals under the fence 1 or in the lower part is thus reliably prevented. Such a fence 1 has a limited cost compared to other fences that are partially buried.

With reference to the figure 5 , there is shown a grid 3 according to the invention positioned on a sloping ground via vertical poles 2 planted. Unlike the prior art, there are no spaces between the soil S and the grid 3 through which game can circulate. The use of a partially buried auxiliary grill 4 makes it possible to significantly limit the risk.

In practice, the fence 1 is stretched by means of a plurality of posts 2 having a base which is planted directly in the ground S, without requiring concrete pads as in the prior art. Preferably, the mesh 3 is packaged in roll prior to laying.

During installation, a lateral end of the mesh 3 is fixed with a pole 2 and then the mesh 3 is unwound as the mesh is maintained 3 stretched. Preferably, an unwinder is used for this operation. Posts 2 are planted in the soil S to regular intervals to keep the mesh 3 taut. In this example, the post 2 extends through meshes M1, M2 of the mesh 3 to secure each post 2 to the mesh 3. Alternatively, the connection between a post 2 and the mesh 3 can be achieved by means of reported organs such as links.

To fix the auxiliary grill 4, a trench is made in a preliminary manner and then the lower part of the auxiliary grill 4 is buried in the trench. Then, the upper part of the auxiliary grid 4 is fixed to the second meshes M2 of the lower part 3A of the mesh 3 according to the invention by stapling to make them integral with each other.

In practice, thanks to the invention, the cost of securing an area with a security fence 1 is reduced by a factor of 8 to 10, which has a significant economic advantage when the area to be secured is large as is the case in the railway field.

Claims (16)

Grid (3) for safety fence (1), the grid (3) consisting of horizontal steel wires (31) joined to vertical steel wires (32) having a height greater than 1m80, the wires of vertical steel (32) being spaced apart from each other by the same distance (Dv), characterized in that the horizontal steel wires (31) and the vertical steel wires (32) have a diameter of between 3 , 7 mm and 3.9 mm and that the mesh (3) comprises first meshes (M1) having a height (Dh1), defined between two adjacent horizontal steel son, between 200 mm and 203 mm. The screen (3) according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal steel wires (31) and the vertical steel wires (32) have a diameter of 3.8 mm. Toasting (3) according to one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the horizontal steel son (31) and the vertical steel son (32) are mild steel. Grid (3) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the vertical steel son (32) are spaced from each other by the same distance (Dv) between 49 mm and 52 mm. Grid (3) according to one of claims 1 to 4, comprising between 15 and 19 horizontal steel son (31) when the grid (3) has a height of between 2m30 and 2m60. Grid (3) according to one of claims 1 to 5, comprising second meshes (M2) having a height (Dh2), defined between two adjacent horizontal steel son, between 100 mm and 103 mm. Grid (3) according to one of claims 1 to 6, comprising only first meshes (M1) having a height (Dh1), defined between two adjacent horizontal steel wires, between 200 mm and 203 mm and second meshes (M2) having a height (Dh2), defined between two adjacent horizontal steel wires, between 100 mm and 103 mm. Grid (3) according to one of claims 1 to 7 comprising an intermediate portion (3B) consisting of a repetition of identical mesh modules (5), each mesh module comprising at least a first mesh (M1) having a height (Dh1), defined between two adjacent horizontal steel wires, between 200 mm and 203 mm and at least one second mesh (M2) having a height (Dh2), defined between two adjacent horizontal steel wires, between 100 mm and 103 mm. Toasting (3) according to claim 8, wherein each mesh module (5) consists of two first meshes (M1) and a second mesh (M2). Grid (3) according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the vertical steel wires (31) extend vertically upwardly relative to the horizontal wire (32) located at the top to form protective pins (33). Toasting (3) according to one of claims 1 to 10 packaged in roll. Security fence (1) comprising at least one grid (3) according to one of claims 1 to 11 and a plurality of posts (2) tensioning said grid (3), each pole (2) having a base planted in the soil (S). Safety fence (1) according to the preceding claim comprising an auxiliary grid (4) which is mounted in partial overlap of the grid (3), in particular of its lower part (3A). Security fence (1) according to the preceding claim wherein the auxiliary grill (4) is buried in the soil (S) to a depth of at least 50 cm. Method for laying a safety fence (1) according to one of claims 13 to 14, the method comprising: a step of fixing an end of a grid (3) packed in a roll, a step of unwinding said screen (3) and - A step of crashing posts (2) in the soil (S) and fixing poles (2) to the grid (3) as it unfolds. Use of a fence according to one of claims 11 to 14 to prevent access to a railway track.

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