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EP3452704A1 - Two-stroke internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Two-stroke internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number
EP3452704A1
EP3452704A1 EP17726187.2A EP17726187A EP3452704A1 EP 3452704 A1 EP3452704 A1 EP 3452704A1 EP 17726187 A EP17726187 A EP 17726187A EP 3452704 A1 EP3452704 A1 EP 3452704A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
working cylinder
internal combustion
combustion engine
stroke internal
piston
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17726187.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3452704B1 (en
Inventor
Joachim Böhme
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3452704A1 publication Critical patent/EP3452704A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3452704B1 publication Critical patent/EP3452704B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B25/00—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders
    • F02B25/20—Means for reducing the mixing of charge and combustion residues or for preventing escape of fresh charge through outlet ports not provided for in, or of interest apart from, subgroups F02B25/02 - F02B25/18
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L5/00—Slide valve-gear or valve-arrangements
    • F01L5/04—Slide valve-gear or valve-arrangements with cylindrical, sleeve, or part-annularly shaped valves
    • F01L5/06—Slide valve-gear or valve-arrangements with cylindrical, sleeve, or part-annularly shaped valves surrounding working cylinder or piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B25/00—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders
    • F02B25/02—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders using unidirectional scavenging
    • F02B25/04—Engines having ports both in cylinder head and in cylinder wall near bottom of piston stroke
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
    • F02B33/02—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps
    • F02B33/28—Component parts, details or accessories of crankcase pumps, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, subgroups F02B33/02 - F02B33/26
    • F02B33/30—Control of inlet or outlet ports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a two-stroke internal combustion engine, in particular for a motor vehicle, with direct fuel injection with at least one working cylinder in which a piston is arranged oscillating, at least one outlet channel which opens above the top dead center of the piston in the working cylinder and at least two
  • Cylinder space The fresh gas pushes the exhaust gas in the same direction from the inlet to the outlet.
  • inlet slots at bottom dead center and one or more outlet valves at top dead center serve for the gas exchange.
  • a flushing pump introduces pressurized fresh air through the inlet slots into the cylinder. When the exhaust valve or valve is open, the exhaust gas from the cylinder is previously expelled through the pressure gradient.
  • the internal combustion engine includes a cylinder provided with a first intake passage and an exhaust passage defined in the upper portion of the cylinder and a second intake passage defined at the lower portion of the cylinder; a cylindrical bushing, which is arranged in the cylinder and is provided with a third inlet channel, in the lower Area of the liner is set; a sleeve pusher, which is around the cylindrical
  • Rotary sleeve is arranged rotatable around to selectively open the third inlet channel and close, wherein the sleeve valve with an integrally formed
  • Rotation means for rotating the sleeve slider under the influence of electromagnetic forces acting on the permanent magnet;
  • Inlet channel opening and closing means for selectively opening and closing the first inlet channel in the upper region of the cylinder; Exhaust duct opening and closing means for selectively opening and closing the exhaust duct at the top of the cylinder; Supercharging means for supplying air under pressure to the first inlet port and the second inlet port, and cycle mode selecting means for, on the one hand, actuating the rotational means to rotate the sleeve spool to rotate the third inlet port into
  • Inlet and exhaust duct opening and closing means to operate the engine in four-stroke mode.
  • the gas exchange takes place as pure Gleischstrom Introduceung.
  • the sleeve valve does not control the actual gas exchange.
  • the opening and closing of the inlet channels takes place through the upper edge of the piston.
  • a control for a two-stroke internal combustion engine with DC purge is known, which is achieved in that in the bottom of the working cylinder outlet bores are provided which during the rotational movement of the working cylinder alternately opening and closing openings of an exhaust plate, and that at the inner end of the cylinder inlet slots are provided which alternately release openings of a cylinder enclosing the inlet ring and reclose, which is arranged to adjust the intake timing adjustable on the crankcase.
  • the charge is changed by the rotating cylinder, whereby the outlet holes and the inlet slots are released and closed.
  • the inlet ring is adjustable on the crankcase
  • the inlet slide is mounted in the bore of the cylinder and the cylinder cover, pressed with its conical surface of at least three tie rods, which are mounted in the cylinder jacket, in the axial direction of the cylinder with springs against conical surfaces of the cylinder, and when moving the piston just before reaching the bottom Totchans is entrained by this, so that an annular air gap is formed, and at the same time of the three tie rods on the spring carrier opens the three exhaust valves in the cylinder head.
  • Cylinder bore and inlet slide bore are the same diameter.
  • the piston ring surface abuts against the inner annular surface of the inlet slide after about 9/10 of the piston stroke and opens the
  • Two-stroke engines with DC flushing, with flushing or loading slots in the cylinder wall and exhaust valves in cylinder covers are well known. They are usually designed as slow-running large engines and have good efficiencies. However, they have a significant disadvantage due to their long piston and cylinder and therefore have complex dimensions and large weights.
  • the present invention the object of the invention to provide a two-stroke internal combustion engine with DC flushing, in which reduced at the same power of known motor vehicle engines, the number of cylinders or the cylinder volume can be increased, the better
  • such a two-stroke internal combustion engine has the features of independent claim 1.
  • the dependent claims relate to advantageous developments of the invention.
  • the two-stroke internal combustion engine can operate both by the diesel method and after the Ottover method, in which case a spark plug is additionally to be provided.
  • the two-stroke internal combustion engine according to the invention may consist of one or more cylinders with crankcase. Above the top dead center of the piston is at least one outlet channel and above the bottom dead center of the piston, at least two inlet openings are provided. The release or closing of the
  • annular sealing elements are preferably designed in the form of piston rings and provided in the direction of the crankcase below the inlet openings.
  • the oscillating movement of the pipe slide during the charge exchange on the outer wall of the bushing is effected by a control device.
  • This can either be designed as a desmodromic control device in the form of a cam control with an acting on the outer circumference of the pipe slide lever, which is preferably forked, as an electromagnetic or hydraulic control device.
  • a spaced-apart swirl ring can be arranged on its outer wall.
  • the upstream swirl ring has flow channels
  • the swirl ring ensures that the air flow through the inlet opening flows in a direction tangential to the circumference of the working cylinder.
  • Such unidirectional flow which is unidirectional, uniformly supplies the working cylinder with fresh air through each flushing opening during the flushing process.
  • the two-stroke internal combustion engine may be designed, if this is designed in monobloc construction or if the working cylinder are designed as a blind cylinder.
  • the advantages are an optimized cooling in the top dead center, the elimination of the cylinder head gasket and no distortion, since the cylinder head bolts omitted.
  • Inlet openings are located in the so-called "cold" area, which reduces the
  • Another advantage of the two-stroke internal combustion engine according to the invention over a four-stroke internal combustion engine is that at the same load (medium pressure), the number of cylinders can be reduced, which is associated with a reduction in engine weight and the cost of production.
  • Engine power can be achieved arbitrarily by connecting the electric compressor, whereby an additional second exhaust gas turbocharger can be omitted.
  • Inlet openings arranged sliders such as roller slide, are that the pipe slide is arranged to slide directly on the outer wall of the liner, resulting in a low Schadvolumen.
  • the pipe slide follows the
  • Piston movement covers the piston rings and at the same time is sealing element that seals the purge air to the crankcase space, and thus affects the height of the internal combustion engine.
  • piston skirt can be made much shorter, similar to pistons for four-stroke internal combustion engines, since the piston skirt with its sealing rings no longer has to cover the inlet openings.
  • Figure 1 Schematic representation of the working cylinder of a two-stroke internal combustion engine
  • Figure 2 inlet area with pipe slide
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the working cylinder 1 of a two-stroke internal combustion engine. For the sake of simplicity, only one will follow
  • the two-stroke internal combustion engine - hereinafter referred to as two-stroke diesel engine - consists essentially of the crankcase with the crankshaft, a
  • the working cylinder 1 with a blind-hole-shaped bushing has inlet openings 5 distributed over the circumference in the region of the bottom dead center.
  • a pipe slide 4 is arranged with a closed jacket, which closes or releases the inlet openings 5 in an oscillating manner.
  • the inlet openings 5 are arranged at a uniform distance from each other.
  • sealing rings 7 are held on the outer wall of the liner of the working cylinder 1 above and below the inlet openings 5 in circumferential grooves sealing rings 7 are held. These seal the gap between liner of the working cylinder 1 and pipe slide 4 from.
  • the pipe slide 4 has a closed shell and thus controls the release or closing of the inlet openings 5 by its oscillating movement by means of the control edge 4 a. This eliminates the actual control of the inlet openings 5 through the upper edge of the piston 6 and the seal toward the crankcase by a much longer piston skirt and the corresponding piston ring.
  • control of the pipe slide 4 by means of a desmodromic control unit takes the form of a cam control with a on the outer circumference of the pipe slide 4 rotatably engaging and fork-shaped lever.
  • the illustrated two-stroke diesel engine operates as follows:
  • Outlet channels 2 completely open. The overpressure of the fresh air generated by a non-illustrated exhaust gas turbocharger and an electrically driven compressor.
  • the scavenging air enters suitably in a known manner in the tangential direction in the cylinder and forms a standing on the piston crown spine, which increases by helical increase in height, forms a plug and displaces the combustion gases. These are expelled through the fully open exhaust ducts.
  • Inlet openings 5 completely open.
  • the pipe pusher 4 is moved in the same direction via the desmodromic control on the outer wall of the liner of the working cylinder 1 and closes the inlet openings 5.
  • the fresh air is further compressed.
  • the fuel is injected and ignited via the injection nozzle 9. The process begins again.
  • the switchable electric compressor can also work simultaneously with the exhaust gas turbocharger.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a two-stroke internal combustion engine, in particular for a motor vehicle, with direct fuel injection, comprising at least one working cylinder (1) which comprises a bushing and in which a piston (6) can be moved in an oscillating manner; at least one outlet channel (2) which opens into the working cylinder (1) above the upper dead center of the piston (6); at least two inlet openings (5) which are distributed over the circumference of the bushing and which open into the working cylinder (1) above the lower dead center of the piston (6) such that a uniflow scavenging process of the working cylinder (1) is produced during the operation of the two-stroke internal combustion engine; and a slider which releases and closes the inlet openings (5), whereby the slider is designed as a tube slider (4) which surrounds the bushing of the working cylinder (1) and which comprises a closed casing. The slider releases or closes the inlet openings (5) in an oscillating manner in the longitudinal direction of the bushing during the charge cycle.

Description

"Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine"  "Two-stroke internal combustion engine"
[0001] Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug, mit Kraftstoffdirekteinspritzung mit wenigstens einem Arbeitszylinder, in dem ein Kolben oszillierend angeordnet ist, wenigstens einen Auslasskanal, welcher oberhalb des oberen Totpunktes des Kolbens in den Arbeitszylinder mündet und wenigstens zwei The invention relates to a two-stroke internal combustion engine, in particular for a motor vehicle, with direct fuel injection with at least one working cylinder in which a piston is arranged oscillating, at least one outlet channel which opens above the top dead center of the piston in the working cylinder and at least two
Einlaßöffnungen, welche oberhalb eines unteren Totpunktes des Kolbens in den Inlet openings, which above a bottom dead center of the piston in the
Arbeitszylinder münden, sodass sich im Betrieb der Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine eine Gleichstromspülung des Arbeitszylinders ergibt. Working cylinder open, so that there is a DC purge of the working cylinder during operation of the two-stroke internal combustion engine.
[0002] Bei Zweitaktmotoren ist das Gleichstromspülverfahren eines der allgemein bekannten Spülverfahren. Beim Gleichstromspülverfahren strömt das Gas im Zylinder nur in einer Richtung. Auslass- und Einlaßkanal liegen an entgegengesetzten Enden des In two-stroke engines, the Gleichstromspülverfahren is one of the well-known rinsing method. In the DC purging process, the gas in the cylinder flows in one direction only. Outlet and inlet channels are at opposite ends of the
Zylinderraumes. Das Frischgas schiebt das Abgas in immer gleicher Richtung vom Einlass zum Auslass. In der Regel dienen Einlassschlitze im unteren Totpunkt und ein oder mehrere Auslassventile im oberen Totpunkt dem Gaswechsel. Durch eine Spülpumpe wird unter Druck gesetzte Frischluft durch die Einlassschlitze in den Zylinder eingeleitet. Bei geöffnetem Auslassventil bzw. - entilen wird das Abgas aus dem Zylinder vorher durch das Druckgefälle ausgetrieben. Cylinder space. The fresh gas pushes the exhaust gas in the same direction from the inlet to the outlet. As a rule, inlet slots at bottom dead center and one or more outlet valves at top dead center serve for the gas exchange. A flushing pump introduces pressurized fresh air through the inlet slots into the cylinder. When the exhaust valve or valve is open, the exhaust gas from the cylinder is previously expelled through the pressure gradient.
[0003] Bekannt ist aus der DE 690 10 865 52 ein Verbrennungsmotor mit variablen Zylken, der wechselweise im Zweitaktverfahren und im Viertaktverfahren in Abhängigkeit von der Rotationsgeschwindigkeit und der Belastung des Motors arbeitet. Der Verbrennungsmotor umfasst einen Zylinder, der mit einem ersten Einlasskanal und einem Auslasskanal versehen ist, die im oberen Bereich des Zylinders festgelegt sind, und mit einem zweiten Einlasskanal, der im unteren Bereich des Zylinders festgelegt ist; eine zylindrische Laufbuchse, die im Zylinder angeordnet ist und mit einem dritten Einlasskanal versehen ist, der im unteren Bereich der Laufbuchse festgelegt ist; einem Hülsenschieber, der um die zylindrische It is known from DE 690 10 865 52 an internal combustion engine with variable Cylken, which works alternately in the two-stroke process and the four-stroke process in dependence on the rotational speed and the load of the engine. The internal combustion engine includes a cylinder provided with a first intake passage and an exhaust passage defined in the upper portion of the cylinder and a second intake passage defined at the lower portion of the cylinder; a cylindrical bushing, which is arranged in the cylinder and is provided with a third inlet channel, in the lower Area of the liner is set; a sleeve pusher, which is around the cylindrical
Laufbuchse rundum rotierbar angeordnet ist, um wahlweise den dritten Einlasskanal zu öffnen und zu schließen, wobei der Hülsenschieber mit einem integral ausgebildeten Rotary sleeve is arranged rotatable around to selectively open the third inlet channel and close, wherein the sleeve valve with an integrally formed
Permanentmagneten versehen ist; Rotationsmittel, um den Hülsenschieber unter Einfluss elektromagnetischer Kräfte, die auf den Permanentmagneten wirken, zu drehen; Permanent magnet is provided; Rotation means for rotating the sleeve slider under the influence of electromagnetic forces acting on the permanent magnet;
Einlasskanalöffnungs- und -schließmitteln, um wahlweise den ersten Einlasskanal im oberen Bereich des Zylinders zu öffnen und zu schließen; Auslasskanalöffnungs- und -schließmitteln, um den Abgaskanal im oberen Bereich des Zylinders wahlweise zu öffnen und zu schließen; Überverdichtungsmitteln, um Luft unter Druck zum ersten Einlasskanal und zum zweiten Einlasskanal zu liefern und Zyklenmodus-Auswahlmitteln, um einerseits die Rotationsmittel in Gang zu setzen, um den Hülsenschieber zu drehen, um den dritten Einlasskanal in Inlet channel opening and closing means for selectively opening and closing the first inlet channel in the upper region of the cylinder; Exhaust duct opening and closing means for selectively opening and closing the exhaust duct at the top of the cylinder; Supercharging means for supplying air under pressure to the first inlet port and the second inlet port, and cycle mode selecting means for, on the one hand, actuating the rotational means to rotate the sleeve spool to rotate the third inlet port into
Abstimmung mit dem zweiten Einlasskanal zu öffnen, und um die Abgaskanalöffnungs- und - schließmittel zu betreiben, und andererseits um die Rotationsmittel in Gang zu setzen, um den Hülsenschieber zu drehen, um den dritten Einlasskanal zu schließen und um die To open the tuning with the second inlet channel, and to operate the Abgaskanalöffnungs- and - closing means, and on the other hand to start the rotation means to rotate the sleeve valve to close the third inlet channel and the
Einlasskanal- und Abgaskanalöffnungs- und -schließmittel zu betreiben, um den Motor im Viertaktmodus zu betreiben. Inlet and exhaust duct opening and closing means to operate the engine in four-stroke mode.
[0004] Dies bedeutet, dass, wenn der Verbrennungsmotor im Viertaktmodus betrieben wird, der Gaswechsel über die im oberen Bereich des Zylinders angeordneten Auslasskanal- und Einlasskanalöffnungs- und Schließmittel gesteuert wird. Wenn der Verbrennungsmotor im Zweitaktmodus betrieben wird, erfolgt der Gaswechsel über die im oberen Bereich des Zylinders angeordneten Auslassöffnungs- und Schließmittel und über die im unteren Bereich im Zylinder angeordneten Einlasskanäle, die in diesem Fall durch Verdrehen des This means that when the internal combustion engine is operated in the four-stroke mode, the gas exchange is controlled via the outlet channel and inlet channel opening and closing means arranged in the upper region of the cylinder. When the internal combustion engine is operated in the two-stroke mode, the gas exchange takes place via the outlet opening and closing means arranged in the upper region of the cylinder and via the inlet channels arranged in the lower region in the cylinder, in this case by turning the
Hülsenschiebers freigegeben werden. Die Einlaßkanäle im oberen Bereich des Zylinders bleiben dabei geschlossen. Sleeve slide are released. The inlet channels in the upper region of the cylinder remain closed.
[0005] Im Zweitaktmodus erfolgt der Gaswechsel als reine Gleischstromspülung. Der Hülsenschieber steuert hierbei nicht den eigentlichen Gaswechsel. Das Öffnen und Schließen der Einlasskanäle erfolgt durch die Kolbenoberkante. In the two-stroke mode, the gas exchange takes place as pure Gleischstromspülung. The sleeve valve does not control the actual gas exchange. The opening and closing of the inlet channels takes place through the upper edge of the piston.
[0006] Aus der DE 865 237 B ist eine Steuerung für eine Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine mit Gleichstromspülung bekannt, die dadurch erreicht wird, dass im Boden des Arbeitszylinders Auslassbohrungen vorgesehen sind, die bei der Drehbewegung des Arbeitszylinders abwechselnd Öffnungen einer Auspuffplatte freigeben und verschließen, und dass am inneren Ende des Zylinders Einlassschlitze vorgesehen sind, die abwechselnd Öffnungen eines den Zylinder umschließenden Einlassring freigeben und wieder verschließen, der zwecks Regelung des Einlasszeitpunktes verstellbar am Kurbelgehäuse angeordnet ist. From DE 865 237 B, a control for a two-stroke internal combustion engine with DC purge is known, which is achieved in that in the bottom of the working cylinder outlet bores are provided which during the rotational movement of the working cylinder alternately opening and closing openings of an exhaust plate, and that at the inner end of the cylinder inlet slots are provided which alternately release openings of a cylinder enclosing the inlet ring and reclose, which is arranged to adjust the intake timing adjustable on the crankcase.
[0007] Der Ladungswechsel erfolgt durch den sich drehenden Zylinder, wodurch die Auslassbohrungen und die Einlaßschlitze freigegeben und verschlossen werden. Zur The charge is changed by the rotating cylinder, whereby the outlet holes and the inlet slots are released and closed. to
Regelung des Einlasszeitpunktes ist der Einlassring verstellbar am Kurbelgehäuse Regulating the inlet timing, the inlet ring is adjustable on the crankcase
angeordnet. arranged.
[0008] Die DE 197 00 412 AI beschreibt einen Zweitakt-Dieselmotor mit DE 197 00 412 AI describes a two-stroke diesel engine with
Gleichstromspülung, mit Einlaßschieber und Auslassventilen vom Arbeitskolben gesteuert. Der Einlassschieber ist in der Bohrung des Zylinders und des Zylinderdeckels gelagert, mit seiner Konusfläche von mindestens drei Zugstangen, welche im Zylindermantel gelagert sind, in Achsrichtung des Zylinders mit Federn gegen Konusflächen des Zylinders gepresst wird, und beim Verschieben des Kolbens kurz vor Erreichen des unteren Totpunktes von diesem mitgerissen wird, so dass ein ringförmiger Luftspalt entsteht, und gleichzeitig von den drei Zugstangen über den Federträger die drei Auslassventile im Zylinderkopf öffnet. Die DC purging, controlled by inlet piston and outlet valves from the working piston. The inlet slide is mounted in the bore of the cylinder and the cylinder cover, pressed with its conical surface of at least three tie rods, which are mounted in the cylinder jacket, in the axial direction of the cylinder with springs against conical surfaces of the cylinder, and when moving the piston just before reaching the bottom Totpunktes is entrained by this, so that an annular air gap is formed, and at the same time of the three tie rods on the spring carrier opens the three exhaust valves in the cylinder head. The
Zylinderbohrung und die Einlassschieberbohrung haben den gleichen Durchmesser. Bei der Abwärtsbewegung des Kolbens (Arbeitshub) stößt die Kolbenringfläche gegen die innere Ringfläche des Einlassschiebers nach etwa 9/10 des Kolbenhubes und öffnet den Cylinder bore and inlet slide bore are the same diameter. During the downward movement of the piston (working stroke), the piston ring surface abuts against the inner annular surface of the inlet slide after about 9/10 of the piston stroke and opens the
Einlassquerschnitt. Dabei werden die Federträger mit den Federn und der Federhülse gespannt. Bei Aufwärtsbewegung des Kolbens wird der Einlassschieber über die Zugstangen mittels der gespannten Federn mit seiner Konusfläche gegen die Konusfläche des Zylinders gezogen und der Einlassquerschnitt geschlossen. Inlet cross-section. The spring carrier with the springs and the spring sleeve are stretched. During upward movement of the piston, the inlet slider is pulled over the tie rods by means of the tensioned springs with its conical surface against the conical surface of the cylinder and closed the inlet cross-section.
[0009] Zweitaktmotoren mit Gleichstromspülung, mit Spül- oder Ladeschlitzen in der Zylinderwand und Abgasventilen in Zylinderdeckeln sind hinreichend bekannt. Sie sind meist als langsam laufende Großmotoren ausgebildet und besitzen gute Wirkungsgrade. Sie haben jedoch einen entscheidenden Nachteil aufgrund ihrer langen Kolben und Zylinder und besitzen deshalb aufwendige Baumaße und große Gewichte. [0010] Bei den mittelschnell laufenden Zweitaktmotoren werden Kolben mit einem sehr langen Kolbenhemd, an dessen unteren Rand ein bis zwei Kolbenringe angeordnet sind, verwendet, die verhindern, dass die Spülluft ungehindert in den Kurbelgehäuseraum eindringen kann._Dies wirkt sich ebenfalls nachteilig in Bezug auf die Bauraumgröße des Motors und auf den konstruktiven Aufwand aus. Two-stroke engines with DC flushing, with flushing or loading slots in the cylinder wall and exhaust valves in cylinder covers are well known. They are usually designed as slow-running large engines and have good efficiencies. However, they have a significant disadvantage due to their long piston and cylinder and therefore have complex dimensions and large weights. In the medium-speed two-stroke engines piston with a very long piston skirt, at the bottom of one to two piston rings are arranged, used to prevent the scavenging air can freely penetrate into the crankcase space._This also has a disadvantageous in terms of the space size of the engine and on the design effort.
[0011] Ausgehend vom vorbekannten Stand der Technik liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine mit Gleichstromspülung zu schaffen, bei der bei gleicher Leistung von bekannten Kraftfahrzeugmotoren die Anzahl der Zylinder reduziert oder das Zylindervolumen erhöht werden kann, den besseren Based on the prior art, the present invention, the object of the invention to provide a two-stroke internal combustion engine with DC flushing, in which reduced at the same power of known motor vehicle engines, the number of cylinders or the cylinder volume can be increased, the better
Wirkungsgrad des Zweitaktverfahrens nutzt, um das Gewicht und die Baugröße der Efficiency of the two - stroke uses the weight and the size of the
Brennkraftmaschine zu senken. Lower internal combustion engine.
[0012] Erfindungsgemäß weist eine derartige Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine die Merkmale des unabhängigen Patentanspruchs 1 auf. Die abhängigen Ansprüche beziehen sich auf vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung. Die Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine kann sowohl nach dem Dieselverfahren als auch nach dem Ottoverfahren arbeiten, wobei hier zusätzlich eine Zündkerze vorzusehen ist. According to the invention, such a two-stroke internal combustion engine has the features of independent claim 1. The dependent claims relate to advantageous developments of the invention. The two-stroke internal combustion engine can operate both by the diesel method and after the Ottover method, in which case a spark plug is additionally to be provided.
[0013] Die erfindungsgemäße Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine kann aus einem oder mehreren Zylindern mit Kurbelgehäuse bestehen. Oberhalb des oberen Totpunktes des Kolbens ist wenigstens ein Auslasskanal und oberhalb des unteren Totpunktes des Kolbens sind mindestens zwei Einlassöffnungen vorgesehen. Das Freigeben bzw. Schließen der The two-stroke internal combustion engine according to the invention may consist of one or more cylinders with crankcase. Above the top dead center of the piston is at least one outlet channel and above the bottom dead center of the piston, at least two inlet openings are provided. The release or closing of the
Einlaßöffnungen und damit die Zufuhr der Spülkraft in den Arbeitszylinder wird mittels eines die Laufbuchse des Arbeitszylinders umfassenden Rohrschiebers mit geschlossenen Mantel, der sich oszillierend in Längsrichtung des Arbeitszylinders auf der Außenwandung der Laufbuchse bewegt. Zur Abdichtung des Spalts zwischen der Innenwandung des Inlet openings and thus the supply of the rinsing force in the working cylinder by means of a sleeve of the working cylinder comprehensive pipe slide with a closed jacket, which moves in an oscillating manner in the longitudinal direction of the working cylinder on the outer wall of the liner. To seal the gap between the inner wall of the
Rohrschiebers und der Außenwandung der Laufbuchse ist mindestens ein ringförmiges Dichtelement angeordnet. Die ringförmigen Dichtelemente sind vorzugsweise in Form von Kolbenringen ausgebildet und in Richtung des Kurbelgehäuses gesehen unterhalb der Einlassöffnungen vorgesehen. [0014] Die oszillierende Bewegung des Rohrschiebers während des Ladungswechsels auf der Außenwand der Laufbuchse erfolgt durch eine Steuereinrichtung. Diese kann entweder als desmodromische Steuereinrichtung in Form einer Nockensteuerung mit einem am äußeren Umfang des Rohrschiebers angreifenden Hebel, der vorzugsweise gegabelt ausgeführt ist, als elektromagnetische oder als hydraulische Steuereinrichtung ausgebildet sein. Pipe slide and the outer wall of the bush, at least one annular sealing element is arranged. The annular sealing elements are preferably designed in the form of piston rings and provided in the direction of the crankcase below the inlet openings. The oscillating movement of the pipe slide during the charge exchange on the outer wall of the bushing is effected by a control device. This can either be designed as a desmodromic control device in the form of a cam control with an acting on the outer circumference of the pipe slide lever, which is preferably forked, as an electromagnetic or hydraulic control device.
[0015] Zusätzlich zum Rohrschieber kann auf seiner Außenwandung ein dazu beabstandeter Drallring angeordnet sein. Der vorgelagerte Drallring weist Strömungskanäle mit In addition to the pipe slide a spaced-apart swirl ring can be arranged on its outer wall. The upstream swirl ring has flow channels
verschiedenen tangentialen Einströmwinkeln auf, die es erlauben, den Spülvorgang im Arbeitszylinder zu beeinflussen. Der Drallring sorgt dafür, dass der Luftstrom durch die Einlassöffnung in eine Richtung strömt, die tangential zum Umfang des Arbeitszylinders verläuft. Ein derartiger in einer Richtung verlaufender nicht verwirbelter Strom versorgt den Arbeitszylinder während des Spülvorganges über jede Spülöffnung gleichmäßig mit Frischluft. various tangential Einströmwinkeln, which allow to influence the flushing process in the working cylinder. The swirl ring ensures that the air flow through the inlet opening flows in a direction tangential to the circumference of the working cylinder. Such unidirectional flow, which is unidirectional, uniformly supplies the working cylinder with fresh air through each flushing opening during the flushing process.
[0016] Weiter vorteilhaft kann die Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine ausgeführt sein, wenn diese in Monoblockbauweise ausgebildet ist bzw. wenn die Arbeitszylinder als Sackzylinder ausgebildet sind. Further advantageously, the two-stroke internal combustion engine may be designed, if this is designed in monobloc construction or if the working cylinder are designed as a blind cylinder.
[0017] Die Vorteile sind eine optimierte Kühlung im Bereich des oberen Totpunktes, der Entfall der Zylinderkopfdichtung und keine Verzüge, da auch die Zylinderkopfschrauben entfallen. The advantages are an optimized cooling in the top dead center, the elimination of the cylinder head gasket and no distortion, since the cylinder head bolts omitted.
[0018] Insgesamt liegen die Vorteile bei der erfindungsgemäßen Zweitakt- Brennkraftmaschine mit Gleichstromspülung in einem optimalen Spülwirkungsgrad gegenüber den bekannten Spülungsarten, wie z. B. Umkehrspülung, Querstromspülung. Overall, the advantages of the two-stroke internal combustion engine according to the invention with DC flushing in an optimum flushing efficiency over the known flushing types, such as. B. reverse purge, cross-flow purge.
[0019] Durch die Verwendung von vier Auslassventilen ergeben sich geringere By using four exhaust valves result in less
Drosselverluste beim Ausstoß der Abgase und somit ein geringerer Restgasanteil im Throttle losses in the discharge of the exhaust gases and thus a lower residual gas content in
Arbeitszylinder. Die Verwendung der Vierventiltechnik für den Auslass in Verbindung mit der Gleichstromspülung - Einlaßöffnungen im Bereich des unteren Totpunktes des Kolbens lassen unsymmetrische Steuerdiagramme für den Ladungswechsel zu, wobei der Vorauslass das notwendige Spülgefälle erzeugt. [0020] Die Verteilung der Einlaßöffnungen über dem Zylinderumfang ermöglicht für den Ladungswechsel große zeit- und geometrische Querschnitte. Dadurch, dass sich die Working cylinder. The use of the four-valve technology for the outlet in conjunction with the DC purge - inlet openings in the region of the bottom dead center of the piston to allow asymmetric control diagrams for the gas exchange, wherein the Vorlass generates the necessary purging gradient. The distribution of the inlet openings above the cylinder circumference allows for the change of charge large time and geometric cross-sections. Because of that
Einlaßöffnungen im sogenannten "kalten" Bereich befinden, verringert sich die Inlet openings are located in the so-called "cold" area, which reduces the
Verkokungsneigung gegenüber im Zylinderkopf liegenden Einlassbereichen. Coking tendency with respect to inlet areas lying in the cylinder head.
[0021] Ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine gegenüber einer Viertakt-Brennkraftmaschine liegt darin, dass bei gleicher Belastung (Mitteldruck) die Anzahl der Zylinder verringert werden kann, was mit einer Senkung des Motorgewichts und der Kosten für die Herstellung einhergeht. Another advantage of the two-stroke internal combustion engine according to the invention over a four-stroke internal combustion engine is that at the same load (medium pressure), the number of cylinders can be reduced, which is associated with a reduction in engine weight and the cost of production.
[0022] Durch kleinere bewegte Triebswerksmassen hat die Brennkraftmaschine ein wesentlich besseres Ansprechverhalten. By smaller moving engine masses, the engine has a much better response.
[0023] Durch die Verwendung von Einrichtungen zur Aufladung, z. B. Abgasturbolader und einem elektrisch zuschaltbaren Verdichter, insbesondere für den Startbereich der By the use of means for charging, z. B. exhaust gas turbocharger and an electrically switchable compressor, in particular for the starting area of
Brennkraftmaschine, lässt sich dieser sofort hochfahren. Eine gewünschte höhere Internal combustion engine, this can start up immediately. A desired higher one
Motorleistung läßt sich beliebig durch Zuschalten des elektrischen Verdichters erreichen, wodurch ein zusätzlicher zweiter Abgasturbolader entfallen kann. Engine power can be achieved arbitrarily by connecting the electric compressor, whereby an additional second exhaust gas turbocharger can be omitted.
[0024] Die Vorteile des Rohrschiebers gegenüber von anderen im Abstand zu den The advantages of the pipe slide over others at a distance from the
Einlassöffnungen angeordneten Schiebern, wie z. B. Walzenschieber, liegen darin, dass der Rohrschieber unmittelbar gleitend auf der Außenwandung der Laufbuchse angeordnet ist, wodurch sich ein geringes Schadvolumen ergibt. Der Rohrschieber folgt der Inlet openings arranged sliders, such. As roller slide, are that the pipe slide is arranged to slide directly on the outer wall of the liner, resulting in a low Schadvolumen. The pipe slide follows the
Kolbenbewegung, deckt die Kolbenringe ab und ist gleichzeitig Dichtelement, dass den Spülluftraum zum Kurbelkastenraum hin abdichtet, und beeinflußt somit die Bauhöhe der Brennkraftmaschine. Piston movement, covers the piston rings and at the same time is sealing element that seals the purge air to the crankcase space, and thus affects the height of the internal combustion engine.
[0025] Ein weiterer Vorteil in der Verwendung eines Rohrschiebers liegt darin, dass das Kolbenhemd wesentlich kürzer ausgeführt werden kann, ähnlich wie bei Kolben für Viertakt- Brennkraftmaschinen, da das Kolbenhemd mit seinen Dichtringen die Einlaßöffnungen nicht mehr abdecken muss. Another advantage of using a pipe slide is that the piston skirt can be made much shorter, similar to pistons for four-stroke internal combustion engines, since the piston skirt with its sealing rings no longer has to cover the inlet openings.
[0026] Anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels soll die Erfindung näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen: [0027] Figur 1 - Prinzipdarstellung des Arbeitszylinders einer Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine [0028] Figur 2 - Einlassbereich mit Rohrschieber Reference to an embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail. Show it: Figure 1 - Schematic representation of the working cylinder of a two-stroke internal combustion engine Figure 2 - inlet area with pipe slide
[0029] Die Figur 1 zeigt eine Prinzipdarstellung des Arbeitszylinders 1 einer Zweitakt- Brennkraftmaschine. Zum einfachen Verständnis wird nachfolgend nur auf einen 1 shows a schematic diagram of the working cylinder 1 of a two-stroke internal combustion engine. For the sake of simplicity, only one will follow
Arbeitszylinder Bezug genommen und der Arbeitszylinder 1 als Laufbuchse in Working cylinder reference and the working cylinder 1 as a bushing in
Sacklochbauform dargestellt. Blind hole design shown.
[0030] Die Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine - im Weiteren als Zweitakt-Dieselmotor bezeichnet - besteht im Wesentlichen aus dem Kurbelgehäuse mit der Kurbelwelle, einem The two-stroke internal combustion engine - hereinafter referred to as two-stroke diesel engine - consists essentially of the crankcase with the crankshaft, a
Arbeitszylinder 1 mit im Bereich des oberen Totpunktes angeordneter Einspritzdüse 9 und vier ventilgesteuerten Auslasskanälen 2, einem im Arbeitszylinder 1 oszillierend bewegbaren und über ein Pleuel 3 mit der Kurbelwelle verbundenen Kolben 6. Working cylinder 1 with arranged in the region of the top dead center injection nozzle 9 and four valve-controlled outlet channels 2, a reciprocally movable in the working cylinder 1 and connected via a connecting rod 3 to the crankshaft piston. 6
[0031] Der Arbeitszylinder 1 mit einer sacklochförmigen Laufbuchse weist im Bereich des unteren Totpunktes über den Umfang verteilt Einlassöffnungen 5 auf. Auf der The working cylinder 1 with a blind-hole-shaped bushing has inlet openings 5 distributed over the circumference in the region of the bottom dead center. On the
Außenwandung der Laufbuchse ist ein Rohrschieber 4 mit einem geschlossenen Mantel angeordnet, der oszillierend die Einlassöffnungen 5 verschließt oder freigibt. Outside wall of the bushing, a pipe slide 4 is arranged with a closed jacket, which closes or releases the inlet openings 5 in an oscillating manner.
[0032] Die Anordnung der Einlassöffnungen 5 im Bereich des unteren Totpunktes in Verbindung mit dem Rohrschieber 4 zeigt die Figur 2. The arrangement of the inlet openings 5 in the region of the bottom dead center in conjunction with the pipe slide 4, the figure 2.
[0033] Über den Umfang der Laufbuchse verteilt sind mit gleichmäßigem Abstand zueinander die Einlassöffnungen 5 angeordnet. Auf der Außenwandung der Laufbuchse des Arbeitszylinders 1 sind ober- und unterhalb der Einlassöffnungen 5 in umlaufenden Nuten Dichtringe 7 gehalten. Diese dichten den Spalt zwischen Laufbuchse des Arbeitszylinders 1 und Rohrschieber 4 ab. Distributed over the circumference of the bush, the inlet openings 5 are arranged at a uniform distance from each other. On the outer wall of the liner of the working cylinder 1 above and below the inlet openings 5 in circumferential grooves sealing rings 7 are held. These seal the gap between liner of the working cylinder 1 and pipe slide 4 from.
[0034] Der Rohrschieber 4 weist einen geschlossenen Mantel auf und steuert somit das Freigeben oder Schließen der Einlassöffnungen 5 durch seine oszillierende Bewegung mittels der Steuerkante 4 a. [0035] Damit entfällt die eigentliche Steuerung der Einlassöffnungen 5 durch die Oberkante des Kolbens 6 und die Abdichtung in Richtung Kurbelgehäuse durch ein wesentlich längeres Kolbenhemd und dem entsprechenden Kolbenring. The pipe slide 4 has a closed shell and thus controls the release or closing of the inlet openings 5 by its oscillating movement by means of the control edge 4 a. This eliminates the actual control of the inlet openings 5 through the upper edge of the piston 6 and the seal toward the crankcase by a much longer piston skirt and the corresponding piston ring.
[0036] Im vorliegenden Beispiel erfolgt die Steuerung des Rohrschiebers 4 mit Hilfe einer desmodromischen Steuereinheit in Form einer Nockensteuerung mit einem am äußeren Umfang des Rohrschiebers 4 drehbeweglich angreifenden und gabelförmig ausgebildeten Hebels 8. In the present example, the control of the pipe slide 4 by means of a desmodromic control unit takes the form of a cam control with a on the outer circumference of the pipe slide 4 rotatably engaging and fork-shaped lever. 8
[0037] Die dargestellte Zweitakt-Dieselmotor arbeitet wie folgt: The illustrated two-stroke diesel engine operates as follows:
[0038] Nach Beenden des Verdichtungshubes und dem Einspritzen des Kraftstoffes zündet das Kraftstoff-Luftgemisch. Die Auslasskanäle 2 sind geschlossen, die Einlassöffnungen 5 sind mittels des Rohrschiebers 4 ebenfalls geschlossen. Bei der Abwärtsbewegung des Kolbens 6 (Arbeitstakt) öffnen zu einem vorgegebenen Zeitpunkt die Auslasskanäle 2 teilweise und es beginnt der Vorauslass. Beim Erreichen der Einlassöffnungen durch die Oberkante des Kolbens 6 beginnt der Rohrschieber 4 durch Bewegen in die gleiche Richtung wie der Kolben 6 die Einlassschlitze 5 mit seiner Steuerkante 4 a freizugeben und die Frischluft tritt über die Einlassschlitze in den Zylinderraum ein. Gleichzeitig sind die After completion of the compression stroke and the injection of the fuel ignites the fuel-air mixture. The outlet channels 2 are closed, the inlet openings 5 are also closed by means of the pipe slide 4. In the downward movement of the piston 6 (power stroke) open at a given time, the exhaust ports 2 partially and it starts the pre-discharge. Upon reaching the inlet openings through the upper edge of the piston 6 of the pipe slide 4 starts by moving in the same direction as the piston 6, the inlet slots 5 release with its control edge 4 a and the fresh air enters via the inlet slots in the cylinder chamber. At the same time they are
Auslasskanäle 2 vollständig geöffnet. Den Überdruck der Frischluft erzeugt ein nicht näher dargestellter Abgasturbolader und ein elektrisch angetriebener Verdichter. Outlet channels 2 completely open. The overpressure of the fresh air generated by a non-illustrated exhaust gas turbocharger and an electrically driven compressor.
[0039] Für eine einwandfreie Spülung tritt die Spülluft zweckmäßig in bekannter Weise in tangentialer Richtung in den Zylinder ein und bildet eine auf dem Kolbenboden stehende Wirbelsäule, die durch wendelartiges Ansteigen an Höhe zunimmt, einen Pfropfen bildet und die Verbrennungsgase verdrängt. Diese werden durch die voll geöffneten Auslasskanäle ausgetrieben. For proper flushing, the scavenging air enters suitably in a known manner in the tangential direction in the cylinder and forms a standing on the piston crown spine, which increases by helical increase in height, forms a plug and displaces the combustion gases. These are expelled through the fully open exhaust ducts.
[0040] In der Kolbenstellung unterer Totpunkt sind die Auslasskanäle 2 und die In the piston position bottom dead center, the outlet channels 2 and
Einlassöffnungen 5 vollständig geöffnet. Inlet openings 5 completely open.
[0041] Gleichzeitig mit der Bewegung des Kolbens 6 wird der Rohrschieber 4 über die desmodromische Steuerung auf der Außenwand der Laufbuchse des Arbeitszylinders 1 in die gleiche Richtung bewegt und schließt die Einlassöffnungen 5. [0042] Im weiteren Verlauf der Aufwärtsbewegung des Kolbens 6 wird die Frischluft weiter verdichtet. Kurz vor Erreichen des oberen Totpunktes wird über die Einspritzdüse 9 der Kraftstoff eingespritzt und gezündet. Der Vorgang beginnt von Neuem. Simultaneously with the movement of the piston 6, the pipe pusher 4 is moved in the same direction via the desmodromic control on the outer wall of the liner of the working cylinder 1 and closes the inlet openings 5. In the further course of the upward movement of the piston 6, the fresh air is further compressed. Shortly before reaching the top dead center, the fuel is injected and ignited via the injection nozzle 9. The process begins again.
[0043] Im Falle des Anlassens der Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine erfolgt die Erzeugung des Überdrucks der Frischluft zur Spülung mittels eines zuschaltbaren elektrischen Verdichters, der nach Anlauf des Abgasturboladers wieder abgeschaltet wird. In the case of starting the two-stroke internal combustion engine, the generation of the overpressure of the fresh air for flushing by means of a switchable electric compressor, which is switched off again after startup of the exhaust gas turbocharger.
[0044] Der zuschaltbare elektrische Verdichter kann aber auch gleichzeitig mit dem Abgasturbolader arbeiten. The switchable electric compressor can also work simultaneously with the exhaust gas turbocharger.
Bezugszeichenaufstellung REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 - Arbeitszylinder 1 - working cylinder
2 - Auslasskanal  2 - outlet channel
3 - Pleuel  3 - connecting rod
4 - Rohrschieber  4 - Pipe slide
4a - Steuerkante  4a - control edge
5 - Einlassöffnungen  5 - Inlets
6 - Kolben  6 - piston
7 - ringförmiges Dichtelement 7 - annular sealing element
8 - Hebel 8 - lever
9 - Einspritzdüse  9 - Injection nozzle

Claims

Schutzansprüche 1. Protection claims 1.
Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug, mit Two-stroke internal combustion engine, especially for a motor vehicle
Kraftstoffdirekteinspritzung mit wenigstens einem Arbeitszylinder (1) mit Laufbuchse, in dem ein Kolben (6) oszillierend bewegbar ist, mit wenigstens einem Auslasskanal (2), welcher oberhalb des oberen Totpunktes des Kolbens (6) in den Arbeitszylinder (1) mündet und wenigstens zwei über den Umfang der Laufbuchs verteilten Einlassöffnungen (5), welche oberhalb des unteren Totpunktes des Kolbens (6) in den Arbeitszylinder (1) münden, so dass sich im Betrieb der Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine eine Gleichstromspülung des Direct fuel injection with at least one working cylinder (1) with a liner in which a piston (6) can be moved in an oscillating manner, with at least one outlet channel (2) which opens into the working cylinder (1) above the top dead center of the piston (6) and at least two Inlet openings (5) distributed over the circumference of the cylinder liner, which open into the working cylinder (1) above the bottom dead center of the piston (6), so that a co-current flushing of the engine occurs during operation of the two-stroke internal combustion engine
Arbeitszylinders (1) ergibt, und einem die Einlassöffnungen(5) freigebenden und Working cylinder (1) results, and one that releases the inlet openings (5).
verschließenden Schieber, closing slider,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
der Schieber als ein die Laufbuchse des Arbeitszylinders (1) umfassender Rohrschieber (4) mit einem geschlossenen Mantel ausgebildet ist, wobei dieser in Längsrichtung der the slide is designed as a tubular slide (4) encompassing the bushing of the working cylinder (1) with a closed jacket, which extends in the longitudinal direction of the
Laufbuchse oszillierend während des Ladungswechsels die Einlassöffnungen (5) freigibt oder verschließt. The liner oscillates during the gas exchange and opens or closes the inlet openings (5).
2. 2.
Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1, Two-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
im Spalt zwischen Innenwandung des Rohrschiebers (4) und der Außenwandung der Laufbuchse mindestens ein ringförmiges Dichtelement (7) angeordnet ist. At least one annular sealing element (7) is arranged in the gap between the inner wall of the pipe slide (4) and the outer wall of the bushing.
3. 3.
Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1 und 2, Two-stroke internal combustion engine according to claims 1 and 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
die oszillierende Bewegung des Rohrschiebers (4) auf der Außenwand der Laufbuchse des Arbeitszylinders (1) mittels einer desmodronischen Steuereinrichtung in Form einer the oscillating movement of the pipe slide (4) on the outer wall of the liner of the working cylinder (1) by means of a desmodronic control device in the form of a
Nockensteuerung mit einem am äußeren Umfang des Rohrschiebers angreifenden Hebels (8) erfolgt. Cam control takes place with a lever (8) acting on the outer circumference of the pipe slide.
4. 4.
Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1 und 2, Two-stroke internal combustion engine according to claims 1 and 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
die oszillierende Bewegung des Rohrschiebers (4) auf der Außenwand der Laufbuchse des Arbeitszylinders (1) mittels einer elektromagnetischen Steuereinrichtung erfolgt. the oscillating movement of the pipe slide (4) on the outer wall of the liner of the working cylinder (1) takes place by means of an electromagnetic control device.
5. 5.
Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1 und 2, Two-stroke internal combustion engine according to claims 1 and 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
die oszillierende Bewegung des Rohrschiebers (4) auf der Außenwand der Laufbuchse des Arbeitszylinders (1) mittels einer hydraulischen Steuereinrichtung erfolgt. the oscillating movement of the pipe slide (4) on the outer wall of the liner of the working cylinder (1) takes place by means of a hydraulic control device.
6. 6.
Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1 und wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Two-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 1 and at least one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that
auf der Außenseite des Rohrschiebers (4) beabstandet dazu ein Drall-Ring angeordnet ist. A swirl ring is arranged on the outside of the pipe slide (4) at a distance from it.
7. 7.
Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1 und wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Two-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 1 and at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that
der Arbeitszylinder (1) als Sackzylinder ausgebildet ist. the working cylinder (1) is designed as a bag cylinder.
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JP6033213B2 (en) * 2013-12-26 2016-11-30 本田技研工業株式会社 2-stroke engine

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US20190145308A1 (en) 2019-05-16
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