EP3314915A1

EP3314915A1 - Method for sound reproduction in reflection environments, in particular in listening rooms

Info

Publication number: EP3314915A1
Application number: EP16736793.7A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Gernot VON SCHULTZENDORFF
Original assignee: SaalakustikDe GmbH
Current assignee: SaalakustikDe GmbH
Priority date: 2015-06-24
Filing date: 2016-06-24
Publication date: 2018-05-02
Also published as: KR20180021384A; JP2018523435A; CN107925839A; DE102015008000A1; WO2016206815A1; US20180262859A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method in which, primarily in listening rooms, instead of the spatial sound of the respective environment, the spatial sound of a third room can be made substantially enveloping in the perception of the listener. The third room spatial acoustics perceived instead of the listening room spatial acoustics act in the same way in terms of hearing physiology as the spatial acoustics of natural rooms, namely enveloping in terms of the spatial sound (in distinction to direct sound). This type of spatial enveloping effect can also be incorporated emotionally by the listener into the auditory event, and has no sweet spot problem (there is a large preferred listening area instead of a preferred listening spot) and lets deep frequencies take effect in a way through which subwoofer speakers can generally be omitted.

Description

Method for reproducing sound in reflection environments, in particular in listening rooms

The invention relates to a method for sound reproduction in

Reflection environments, especially in listening rooms. From the prior art, a variety of methods for sound reproduction in listening rooms is known, in particular the playback via a speaker (mono), two speakers (stereo) or four or more speakers, with two front and two rear speakers with center speaker and optional Subwoofer have established themselves in the market for surround playback (so-called 5.1 surround playback configuration). With the goal of intensifying the spatial sound experience, especially in the home audio sector, more and more loudspeakers are being offered in recent years with additional loudspeakers placed in the listening room and aimed at the listening position. Numerous additional loudspeakers are used in technically advanced cinemas.

In the field of spatial perception, which is based on the localization of sound sources from different directions (direct sound), particularly great progress is made - here can be a significant improvement in many cases by simply increasing the number of placed around the listener around speakers achieve. The perception, in particular, of diffuse spatial sound, on the other hand, is far less subject to the mechanisms of localization; in theory, ideally diffused sound is even considered completely directionless

1

CONFIRMATION COPY described. For the perception of diffuse space noise with the current state of the art, especially in the home audio sector, the specialization of the human ear has to the localization of the back and side

Sound events (flight reflex) proved to be problematic in that even slightly impulsive sound events from placed in these directions loudspeakers direct sound and thus in the context of diffuse sound are perceived as disturbing. A possible and frequent consequence is an overall only weak spatial effect on many surround recordings and transmissions, in other cases the spatial effect is increased with ultimately unnatural psychoacoustic means or exaggerated widening of the sound image or just the use of direct sound effects for reinforcement of the

Spatial effect used. The present methods have proven to be of limited suitability, particularly for playing music, the effect of which is in many cases closely related to their being embedded in space, except for slow and sustained low-impulsive music in particularly spatial environments.

Furthermore, the current state of the art

corresponding surround reproduction method the fundamental

Disadvantage of a very small preferred listening position (so-called "sweet spot"). While this problem can be significantly reduced in the playback situation of cinemas through the use of additional, controlled with appropriate delays speakers, such a possibility in the home audio area usually not, so that the listener has a much less good spatial effect already next to the ideal listening position must be accepted. In addition, the spatial

Effect, especially with respect to the diffuse sound, generally as much less enveloping and therefore less emotionally touching perceived as in good natural space environments without playback systems (eg good concert halls).

One might think that at least the problem of Inadequate enclosure of the listener with diffuse sound and thus its insufficient embedding in the sound in the current surround sound reproduction could be improved by a stronger excitation of the diffuse sound of the listening room, for example by the existing sound

Speakers are directed less directly to the listener and more indirectly, or by using additional speakers for that purpose. Although such measures have the desired effect of a stronger spatial effect, a spatiality achieved in this way is also perceived as very unspecific, since the room sound information contained in it correspond to the usually small dimensions of the listening rooms (eg living room) and, if in stronger Measurements used that actually desired perception of the

reproduced audio contained room sound information of the

receiving space

(eg concert hall) not only worsen, but beyond a certain point impossible. In particular, such a kind of reproduced sound is perceived as distorted (Literature: Andreas Rotter

"Perceptibility of tonal differences of tweeters of different active principles" MA TU Berlin 2010, page 22 ff). Certain loudspeaker manufacturers on the market deliberately use comparable methods, whereby, for example, the use of omnidirectional

Speaker belongs. Other loudspeaker types used occasionally are bipolar and dipole loudspeakers, in which the avoidance of the emission of direct sound in the direction of the listener is more important than the excitation of diffuse sound in the listening room. About the above

Problems beyond such equipment give the reproduced

Audio material and in particular the relationship between direct and

Sound space clearly different than intended by the producers, so that their use is limited mainly to listeners who perceive the sonic style of most recordings and broadcasts as generally too intrusive.

Especially with regard to a natural and enveloping

Listening impressions (three-dimensionality) are those of the state of the art known and reproduced above sound reproduction configurations thus not able to achieve good or at least satisfactory results.

This also applies to the methods disclosed in WO2012 / 033950 A1 and WO2013 / 111034 A2, which attempt to overcome the above-described problems, in particular to provide improved diffuse sound reproduction.

In particular, WO2012 / 033950 A1 discloses a method for reproducing multichannel audio in which transmitted or recorded "dry" audio tracks or "stars" are encoded with time-variable metadata that control a desired degree of diffuseness in the reproduction of the audio signals. Audio tracks are compressed and transmitted in conjunction with synchronized metadata that represents diffusivity, and preferably also mix and delay parameters. The separation of audio issues from diffuse metadata allows a retrospective adaptation of the spatial effect (only in the context of the transmission of background audio) and also facilitates the personalization of the listener. However, the method uses essentially the known

It does not seek to overcome the fundamental problems of the current ones described above

Surround playback systems.

US 7,706,543 B2 discloses a method for processing

Audio files comprising: a) encoding signals representative of at least one sound propagating in three-dimensional space coming from a source located at a first distance from a reference point; a representation of the sound through in a base of spherical B) and applying to these components a compensation of a near-field effect by filtering, which is a function of a second distance, which is essentially a distance when the sound is reproduced by a reproducing device defined between a playback point and an audio perception point. In this way, a spatial compensation by Realized audio sources and a specification of the three-dimensional audio presentation of these sources. It concerns both a coding of virtual audio sources and an acoustic coding of a natural one

Audio field in a sound recording by one or more three-dimensional networks of microphones.

WO2013 / 111034 A2 discloses in particular

An audio playback system that includes a first speaker assembly that provides audio signals to a listening position, wherein the audio signals

predominantly take a directional path to the listening position, and a second loudspeaker arrangement that provides audio signals predominantly on a reflected acoustic path to the listening position. An audio material supplier (audio renderer) has an upmixer for up-mixing a channel signal of a multichannel audio signal to a first audio signal and a second audio signal corresponding to more diffused sound than the first audio signal. Upmixing is the output of a correlation measure for two channels of a multi-channel signal. The correlation measure is generated by means of a correlation estimator (estimation). Thus, in this system, in addition to the actual audio signals additionally diffuse sound, which is calculated from the audio signal itself, emitted indirectly to the listening position to a whatsoever impression of better wrapping and thus a

to obtain more satisfactory spatial effect. Thus, the method uses a modified approach compared to the use of omnidirectional or bipolar or Dipollautsprechern by means of indirect-oriented speakers are used exclusively in addition and by their use more diffuse audio material is used. However, also in this method, there is the above-described problem that the stimulated diffused sound of the listening room does not match the reproduced audio in a plurality of cases, and especially in the reproduction of music, and therefore tends to balance the ratio between direct and room sound suffers.

The object of the present invention is therefore to substantially reduce or eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantage. In particular, the present invention is based on the object of providing a method for reproducing sound in reflection environments, in particular in listening rooms, which is perceived as emotionally involved.

It applies at the same time, on all hearing places at least in the of

Loudspeakers of the first speaker arrangement enclosed area to achieve a uniformly good spatial effect. In this case, the hitherto occurring in the perception of the listener with a stronger excitation of diffuse sound in the listening room in the perception, namely in particular an indistinctness, ambiguity and distortion of the sound, by the

Listenraumraum the audio signals unfavorably superimposed, absolutely avoid.

In the field of live acoustics, the audio signals are usually from natural sound sources in the

Reflection environments, ie in the listening rooms themselves, where a number of different scenarios and problems are conceivable. In some concert halls or in some places used as a concert hall

Multifunktionshallen (as an acoustic source acts in such cases, for example, an orchestra), the acoustics is perceived as problematic or unsatisfactory. It would be desirable if the room acoustics in such halls would correspond to those of a hall with good acoustics. In situations with amplification, for example in the performance of musicals, the sound is often too impractical, in particular due to the use of highly directional line array loudspeakers

felt. Although the radiated signals are reverberated, this reverb is only perceived as coming from the front and not as enveloping.

The use of so-called reverberation time extension systems or also

Acoustic Enhancement Systems (AES) is often perceived as unsatisfactory. Such systems work with a large number of loudspeakers in the room, usually 100 to 300 loudspeakers, in some cases only about 50 loudspeakers are used. Most of these systems are based on the regeneration principle, which amplifies the reverberation that already exists in the room in question (eg MCR, VRAS). Also according to the inline principle (synthetic production of Reverberant systems direct their loudspeakers essentially directionally to the listeners (eg Vivace). While the measurable purpose of extending a reverberation time is reliably achieved, the surround sound produced by such equipment is perceived as too smooth and often too loud. Such systems are increasingly used as a supplement to public address systems in order to achieve an enveloping spatially perceived sound effect. Again, the space is often perceived as unnatural and smooth.

In conference rooms are often building acoustics, the use

absorbent materials containing measures to improve speech intelligibility. In many cases, this purpose is achieved, but the resulting acoustics is perceived as narrow.

Regardless of whether in the rooms an acoustic reinforcement

used or not, would be a much more open acoustics

however, it can not be achieved with previously known means (eg hallucination) without speech intelligibility in turn

compromise. Even in meeting, sales and living rooms, the acoustics in many cases in the described sense unsatisfactory, but is accepted by custom. An improvement of the acoustic situation would be desirable in all cases described.

The above objects are achieved according to the invention by a method according to claim 1, a computer program product according to claim 15, a data carrier according to claim 16, a device according to claim 17, a system according to claim 18 and a use according to claim 19.

In the inventive method for sound reproduction in

Reflection environments, especially listening rooms, are in

Playback situations of a first speaker arrangement

Audio signals with respect to a listening position radiated substantially directionally, via a second speaker arrangement are the

Audio signals and room sound signals originally independent of the listening room with respect to a listening position radiated substantially indirectly, wherein the room sound information of the room sound signals one of the

Audio signals have independent origin. Be in live situations via the second loudspeaker arrangement

- either the listening room independent room sound signals

- Or from the listening room independent room sound signals and the live signals corresponding audio signals

emitted substantially indirectly with respect to the listening position, wherein the space sound information of the space sound signals have an independent of the live signals corresponding to the audio signals origin.

By "the room sound information of the room sound signals having an independent of the audio signals" is understood in the sense according to the invention that the spatial information (ie reflections and diffuse sound corresponding signal components) of the

Space sound signals are not taken from the audio signals or not calculated from them, but that instead, for example, by way of a convolution with impulse responses, just this

Spaceborne sound information is supplied to the space sound signals or, as another example, contained in correspondingly configured HOA sound field beams used as space sound signals. Radiated from suitable loudspeakers in the listening room, room sound information contained in the room sound can cause the listener to envelop the enveloping perception of spatiality and thereby preferably the perception of a specific spatiality, that is to say the spatiality of a specific room. The method according to the invention makes use of the fact that human perception is perceived as appropriate

Space sound information into the perception involves, others

However, room sound information can hide.

In the meaning of the invention, a listening position is one that corresponds to the position of a so-called "good listening point" (rather in the middle of the room) in the center of the loudspeakers of a 5.1 surround system in reproduction situations of the classical listening position and in live situations.

While in a variety of surround reproduction methods, especially in the home audio area, just this listening position synonymous with the best listening position and listening to other than just this listening position offer only a much poorer hearing, it should be noted that the method of the invention just such a relationship between listening position in the present sense and acoustically preferred listening position does not exist and also From the listening position spatially clearly distant listening sites offer a similarly good listening experience as those at the listening position.

Directional radiation in the sense of the invention is understood to mean one in which the predominant sound component with respect to the listening position is radiated directly onto one or substantially directly onto one (with typical deviations from direct alignment of up to 30).

The first loudspeaker arrangement can be suitable in the sense according to the invention for the reproduction of so-called surround audio mixes generally without the use of additional loudspeakers and is usually also used for this purpose. At least be at the first

Loudspeaker arrangement one speaker front and two rear or rear / side speakers used while the maximum number of speakers used for the first speaker assembly is unlimited. A multi-speaker arrangement known to those skilled in the art is the 22.2 configuration of the NHK. In cinemas in particular, additional loudspeakers are increasingly being used on the side walls and on the ceiling, in particular for the reproduction of effects, in which the intended effect of locating these effects by the listener in the sense of localization is sought. Loudspeaker arrangements in which the described locating and localization is partly realized by reflection of loudspeaker signals on the ceiling or on walls are to be regarded as the first loudspeaker arrangement in the sense of the invention.

In the sense of the invention, the audio signals are generally sound signals transmitted or reproduced from a recording in the form of suitable and / or specific arrangements or mixtures of original microphone recordings or artificial recordings for reproduction via the described first loudspeaker arrangement generated signals.

These or similar audio signals, if

required in a suitable mixture, as well as room sound signals independent of the listening room via a second loudspeaker arrangement in the direction of the listening position emitted substantially indirectly.

In the sense of the invention are in the

Space sound signals to those that usually and preferably do not contain direct sound components and the space represented by them is not the actual listening room is assigned, but comes from another room, for example, and preferably from a particularly suitable for each music concert hall, this with a Recording space may be identical, in which the audio signals have been recorded. According to the invention, the room sound signals are preferably present in a form or are generated in a manner which makes it possible to adapt particular parameters relating to the spatial effect to the respective sound room acoustics.

Although the audio signals usually already included

Spatial sound components (used in the convolution to produce the

Space sound signals are overwritten by the room sound information impulse responses), but these are not present in a form with which the inventive and described in more detail below spatial effect could be realized by playback through the second speaker assembly. Not only are these spatial sounds often lacking in unity, as they are recorded (for example, in orchestral recordings) by a number of differently positioned support microphones, and they are found in the vast majority of recordings

Reverberation with algorithmically operating Hall devices as largely unsuitable for use in the second loudspeaker arrangement of the method according to the invention.

In particular, the spatial sound components contained in the audio signals can not be separated from the direct sound signals likewise contained in the audio signals, and they can not be changed in a manner such as is necessary for adaptations according to the invention to the Conditions of the listening room would be required. The radiation of

Audio signals via the second loudspeaker arrangement is a process which takes place independently of the radiation of the space sound signals and is also controlled independently thereof; he essentially serves the

sufficient stimulation of diffuse sound in the listening room, which, as has been proven in practice, for the perception of enveloping diffuse

Spatial effects is required.

It can be seen from the illustration that the space-sound signals radiated via the second loudspeaker arrangement and the audio signals likewise radiated thereon are complementary, d. H. not only complementary, but also conditional

In the interaction, on the one hand, the audio signals allow, via a sufficient level of diffuse sound, the perception of being enveloped, which is necessarily to be specified by the information contained in the room sound signals

Characteristics of Being enveloped (eg the spatial impression of a

certain concert hall). On the other hand, the room sound signals instead of a perception of the room acoustics room acoustics allow the perception of the desired room acoustics, which in turn without the

Wrapped audio would be ineffective.

The room sound signals are usually, but not

limiting, by a convolution or convolution of third-space impulse responses (third space is, for example, and in particular a desired by the aesthetics concert hall - see above, the third space can correspond to a real role model or, for example, with the help of suitable simulation software, designed as desired be) generated with the audio signals, on which occasion, the aforementioned adaptations to the conditions of the respective listening room can be carried out.

In this context, reference should be expressly made to the fundamental differences between the described procedure according to the invention and the procedure of the method described above and disclosed in WO2012 / 033950 A1, namely, the other type of generation of space-effect signals (algorithmic reverberation generation in WO2012 / 033950 A1 in contrast to the preferred use of

Convolution and impulse responses in the inventive method), on the other hand (and of particular importance) on the fundamentally different nature of the audio signals on

In the case of WO2012 / 033950 A1, use of the audio renderer exclusively uses "dry" audio tracks or "stems", ie. H.

Signals, which, as the expert says, are unheveled and which the listener would feel rendered unnaturally dry without this reverberation. In this respect, a reproduction via an apparatus according to WO2012 / 033950 A1 is based on a different, namely a substantially "drier" mixture than a reproduction via the hitherto customary surround reproduction apparatuses, while the method according to the invention is available and for reproduction via the usual surround sound Reproduction apparatus provided blends can serve and also operated, so here in a familiar to the expert

In terms of language, it is said that compatibility means that creating and transmitting separately is more reverberant

Basic mixtures for the various playback apparatuses as in the method according to WO2012 / 033950 A1 are unnecessary in a large number of cases.

Under indirect radiation is in the context of the invention

understood that in contrast to the directional radiation of the

predominantly proportion of sound is not emitted directly in the direction of the listening position but just indirectly, so that these parts of sound on walls and ceilings and partly over the floor are simply or repeatedly reflected until they finally find the listening position and thus by the multiple reflections in toto one Represent diffuse sound. Essential for indirect radiation in the sense of the method according to the invention is that just a diffused sound is generated, which corresponds to the described in the manner described (with reflections) diffuse sound.

It should be expressly pointed out that, as far as the radiation of the room sound signals via the second loudspeaker arrangement is concerned, diffuse scattering of signals already occurs, which is already diffuse represent, wherein the diffusivity of said diffuse scattering carries the characteristics of the listening room in (auditory room induced), while the diffuse represented by the space sound signals, as shown above, that of another room (third-room induced) and thus just this last-mentioned diffusivity is superimposed according to the invention by scattering in the listening room of the hearing-space-induced diffusivity.

A special feature of precisely this hearing-room-induced diffusivity in the context of the invention, that is, according to the invention, all over the second

Loudspeaker array emitted signals, which relates to audio signals as well as the space sound signals, is their actual diffusivity, i. H. their true distribution in the listening room, which differs fundamentally from the only shown and only simulated diffusivity of the room sound signals as part of audio signals, such as the first

Loudspeaker arrangement radiated be perceived by the listener. In the context of the method according to WO2012 / 033950 A1, diffusivity is understood to be the latter indirect form of spatial effect, as follows from the following quote: "a diffuse signal or a perceptually diffuse signal in the context of the invention to a (usually multichannel) audio signal that has been processed electronically or digitally to create the effect of a diffuse sound when reproduced to a listener. "

Such a simulated diffusivity, due to the localization effects caused by the directionality of the loudspeakers due to the directional orientation of the loudspeakers and the comparatively low diffuse distribution of the respective sound signals in the listening room due to the directional orientation of the loudspeakers, leads to a great deal weaker, non-enveloping and almost indirect form of spatial effect. The in the invention

However, in the listening room, the actual dispersion in the listening room confers (in conjunction with the independent origin of the audio signals)

Room sound information of the room sound signals) and the

The third space-induced diffusion in the listener's perception

essential features of an actual (coming from very different directions) diffusivity. As it turned out in practice, In many cases, the exclusive emission of room sound signals via the second loudspeaker arrangement would either produce a too weak or, at a higher level, too reverberant spatial impression. By the additional emission of audio signals over the second

Loudspeaker arrangement, it is possible, the diffusivity in the listening room (independent of the room sound signals controllable) in for the production of

to the required hearing.

In this first variant of the method according to the invention is a pure audio playback in a listening room, wherein at a second, live signals in the listening room variant of the

inventive method independent of the listening room

Space sound signals are radiated via the second loudspeaker arrangement in the direction of the listening position substantially indirect, to which also apply the descriptions made in the context of the first variant also substantially. In the context according to the invention, live signals are understood to mean those which originate from the listening room, for example and in particular in an opera house or a hall or other room, during a live performance. Thus, it is a spatial improvement as in the first variant acoustic enhancement of the listening experience, but in the second variant, the listening room is also the room in which the original sound events take place live. In the second variant, on the one hand, it may be provided that only one loudspeaker arrangement and then, in the sense of the invention, the second loudspeaker arrangement of the first variant is used. About this, in a comparable manner to the first variant, space sound signals without direct sound component with respect to the listener emitted indirectly from the live signals recorded with microphones and third-room impulse responses, wherein the radiation of audio signals formed from live signals as in first variant is possible, but in particular in many concert halls is not required, since in these cases, already in a sufficient amount of diffuse sound is formed in the room.

On the other hand, it is also conceivable that in the second variant, the first speaker arrangement, the live signals in the direction of the listening position in essentially directional radiation, which is then sonication, such as musical performances, acts. It is expressly pointed out that this second variant is also suitable for use in smaller rooms and that also here a combination with public address purposes, such as in conference rooms, is possible. Incidentally, in some cases, an apparatus installed for the purpose of the first variant, supplemented with microphones, can also be used for the purposes of the second variant.

By the respective specific combination of features of the two

Variants of the method according to the invention for sound reproduction in listening rooms, it is surprisingly possible for the first time to transfer a psychoacoustic and auditory physiological sound experience comparable to the listening experience in natural rooms room experience of a third room in a listening room, in addition to the substantially directional radiation of audio or Live signals of the listening room itself with room sound signals of a desired room, for example, and in particular a concert hall, in combination with the audio or live signals, is acted upon in the sense of a realized on the listening position of the indirect radiation. By succeeding at the same time to significantly amplify the room sound of the respective listening room (if necessary to produce a sufficient diffuse sound level) and to mask in the perception of the listener, the conventional, over the first

Loudspeaker arrangement radiated audio or the live signal are enriched in aesthetic terms with the desired third-room acoustics, the just as in the listening room again diffused diffuse sound through the special preparation and emission of the above-mentioned

Masking the room acoustics room acoustics allows, so that an aesthetically desirable spatial impression arises that is not present in the actual audio or live signal or at least not in the desired

(enveloping) manner and the perception and localization contained in the actual audio or live signal

Direct sound sources in no way impaired. Out of this completely

Unexpected discovery results in the inventive method. On In this way, it is possible to realize an audio-rendition of audio data enveloping the listener and emotionally compelling. At the same time, the listening experience is no longer limited to the described listening position

especially acoustically-spatially satisfactory, but the preferred listening area is on the entire area between the

Loudspeakers of the first loudspeaker arrangement extended (solution of the so-called sweet-spot problem), which also surprisingly, even without a subwoofer surprisingly quasi results of itself an outstanding bass reproduction.

In the context of the invention it is advantageous, since this has been proven in practice, that the second loudspeaker arrangement concerning the

Sound level of the audio signals compared to the sound level of the room sound signals and the

Sound level of both said signals compared to the sound level of the audio signals of the first speaker assembly and / or the live signals are set such that on the one audiophysiological one

sufficient excitation of the listening room with diffuse sound as such takes place and on the other hand, the third-room surround sound signals are felt to be suitable in their effect. In different constellations, here, not least depending on the respective program material, the

Setting very different level conditions may be required.

For example, the enveloping spatial sound representation of a large concert hall in a small living room requires a high sound level of the audio signals in the second loudspeaker arrangement. Also with a much lower level of the audio signals in terms of the level of the audio signals

Third-room room sound signals can adjust the desired and described effect on the listener, as is apparent from the practice of

inventive method. Unlike most audio-directional surround-listening systems directional to the listener, it's the first

In a live situation in an acoustically problematic concert hall, the loudspeaker arrangement also radiates a considerable portion of its sound to the ceilings and walls of the concert hall, so that a much smaller amount of the live signals, depending on the concert hall corresponding audio signals in the second loudspeaker arrangement for diffuse sound generation as required in the home audio living room or sufficient diffuse sound is already present in the hall, so that then only and exclusively room sound signals on the second

Speaker assembly are emitted.

Furthermore, it is advantageous in this context, as has been proven in practice, although not limiting, that it is in the

Space sound signals are around third-room impulse responses that can make professionals with commercially available equipment even in the recording room or in other appropriate halls or with commercial simulation software corresponding to real rooms or generated by virtual rooms, in some cases, in an appropriate manner and Quality from the desired rooms and environments or concert halls and opera houses in the world are available (for example, offered by the company Audioease).

Future, especially sound field based method of

Audio recording and transmission will be different and / or more

Enable possibilities of creating the sound insulation signals. As an example, recordings are quoted, which are created according to the Higher Order Ambisonic (HOA) method, for example with the microphone array Eigen-mike of mh acoustics. Such audio material, according to the requirements of the method according to the invention also, rather than ready-mixed audio channels at a certain point of the

Recording space recorded sound field or multiple sound fields available from the subsequently with so-called. Beams with regard to direction and directional characteristic variable sections can be selected, so for example, space sound signals largely without direct sound component. The audio signals can also be taken from this sound field, which enables further, even more differentiated modes of operation in the context of the method according to the invention.

"Sound field" in the sense of the method according to the invention are all acoustic information (with time intervals / delays

consecutive: direct sound, reflections and diffused sound), which are connected to a be perceived in a specific place in the room; the sound field is thus the section of the sound field generated by live and / or loudspeaker signals in the room, which is related to this point.

Essential parameters of the acoustic information are their respective levels (in the case of diffuse sound, the Hall curve representing the time-dependent level curve) and the direction from which they are perceived (with accuracy decreasing from direct to diffuse sound). In many cases, the perception of the sound field takes place as a whole, in that, together with the direct sound, an associated spatiality (and not, for example, individual echoes) is perceived.

For achieving a more satisfying listening experience

(Extended width of the sound and even more enveloping space impression) it is - as has been shown in practice - beneficial when using the second or a third speaker assembly, this third

Speaker arrangement example, and in particular at least two speakers for side sound signals and / or a loudspeaker for coming from above early reflection signals, so in the direction

Listening room walls and / or listening room ceiling early reflection signals (specially selected and adjusted room sound signals) are emitted that on the listening room walls (front-side-in about ear height or higher in relation to the listening position) and / or on the Hörraumdecke (front-top-center) reflected reflected early reflection signals substantially in the direction of the desired listening area.

Furthermore, it may be advantageous in individual applications that the second loudspeaker arrangement is configured such that the

Audio signals and / or the live signals and the room sound signals are emitted via separate speaker chassis.

In addition, it is advantageous if the second

Speaker arrangement at least and preferably comprises the following speakers: a speaker with respect to the listening position of the indirect radiation from the front-left-top, a speaker to the listening position with respect to the indirect radiation from the front-right-top, a

Loudspeaker for indirect radiation of the listening position rear-left-up, a loudspeaker with respect to the listening position, indirect radiation from behind-right-up. Accordingly, the loudspeakers need not necessarily be placed in the area of said position, but in a manner and at a position which ensures a perception of the diffuse sound from the described direction. Although diffuse sound is not perceived as directionless (as in acoustic theory), but with a much lower directivity than direct sound (for this reason, the HOA ambient components in the future standard MPEG-H 3D audio typically also have a lower Ambisonic -Order transferred as the Predominant Components). A perception of four areas above the head of the listener with the subdivisions left / right and front / back is to be regarded as advantageous from the point of view of the method according to the invention, and it is also advantageous if it is to multiply as many as possible in the indirect radiation Reflections, z. B. on the ceiling and on the walls, comes.

The use of a significantly larger number of speakers in the

Frame of the second loudspeaker arrangement is rather not advantageous in connection with the method according to the invention. It comes here to superposition of diffusities, which can not be differentiated audiophysiologically, so that although a diffuse sound with reverberation, but not other room sound characteristics are perceptible. The properties of the reverberation so-called "smooth" described above

Reverberation extension systems or Acoustic Enhancement Systems can be explained by the use of a (too) large number of loudspeakers.

Not insignificant in the context of the invention is not only the use of preferably four loudspeakers for the second loudspeaker arrangement, but also the control of these loudspeakers with specifically prepared and thus also different room sound signals. As a rule, and preferably in the production of impulse responses used for the respective loudspeakers, measurement positions or orientations in the third space (the design of which may differ greatly from that of the listening room) are selected, which lead to a balanced and the acoustics of the third space in the Listening room playback context as possible acoustically advantageous

represent representative playback in the listening room. As has been shown in practice, it is usually advantageous if the areas of the

Measuring positions or measurement orientations in the third room (for example, in relation to a good listening position in the concert hall or with respect to a realistic listening position in a movie scene) in principle (in particular with respect to front-back) the areas of radiation of the attributed

Convolution products on the second speaker assembly in the listening room (in relation to the listening position) correspond. As proven in practice, it is in some cases also possible in large and high rooms (eg in concert halls) that the room sound signals set up for four loudspeakers, for example, are combined on the left and on the right side and emitted via only two loudspeakers become.

Moreover, it is advantageous if the loudspeakers of the second loudspeaker arrangement are delayed in time or earlier in comparison to the audio signals of the first loudspeaker arrangement or the live signals in order to provide a further possibility of acoustic shaping.

Therefore, it is also advantageous if the speakers of the third

Loudspeaker arrangement compared to the audio signals of the first loudspeaker arrangement or the live signals delayed in time or be controlled earlier.

In practice, the setting of such a delay is part of an artistic so-called upmix, in which the room acoustics represented by the room sound signals in the listening room is adapted by means of a fine adjustment to the new environment.

For playback via the first loudspeaker arrangement, the audio signals are usually in channel-based form. In one

artistic Upmix these, as described above, for the purposes of playback via the second loudspeaker arrangement mixed on the one hand (audio signal portion), on the other convoluted with third-space impulse responses (space sound signal portion). As already mentioned, in the convolution an adaptation of the space sound signals to the respective acoustic situation of the Listening room made. By the space sound signals, the signal path in front of belonging to the inventive apparatus concerning, just not in channel-based audio form or are transmitted, but each in the apparatus are preferably generated by convolution, for the same audio signals, for different listening rooms by adapted Changes of suitable convolution parameters (eg reverberation length, size of the room, spatial width, delays) respectively generated space sound signals generated and adapted mixtures for the control of the second loudspeaker arrangement are made.

In practice, therefore, audio signals and impulse responses are required for the reproduction of audio according to a preferred form of the method according to the invention. As mentioned above, audio signals are, inter alia, but also preferably suitable for surround mixes already provided for reproduction via the first loudspeaker arrangement (even without the use of a second loudspeaker arrangement). For dealing with the impulse responses, it is advantageous if they are exchanged and distributed in a form that makes their immediate use (ie without adjustment of parameters) possible, if the respective

Listenraum in its room acoustical properties corresponds to a standard space, on the specifications, those who have used these audio signals in conjunction with said impulse responses for playback via the inventive method, have agreed.

The room acoustics of the listening room will be

preferably determined in a Einmeßvorgang, which is based on known, in particular for higher quality surround reproduction equipment available Einmeßvorgänge and is performed before the startup of the apparatus. In addition to manual input from the user to the

Room dimensions and the placement of the speakers are by means of a Meßmikrophons and sound emitted through the speakers sounds and signals not only suitable levels, delays and

Frequency response equalization, but also room acoustics

Parameters, in particular the reverberation time.

Provided the used listening room in its room acoustic If the characteristic deviates from the named normal space, the convolution and mixing parameters are adapted according to the respective deviations. These parameters can also be used to achieve the

Taste of the listener corresponding spatial effect (so-called.

customizing).

Furthermore, it is advantageous for the overall sound when in the

Sound signals are no direct sound components included, especially since these, if not carefully adapted to interfere with the audio signals in a disturbing way.

Open additional advantageous tonal design options

the change of the driving timing of the front-loudspeaker of the second position relative to the listening position

Loudspeaker arrangement with respect to the listening position of the rear speaker of the second speaker assembly by these speakers sooner or later

be controlled

the multiple emission of the audio signals within the second

Speaker arrangement at different times and

the radiation of at least parts of the audio signals via the second loudspeaker arrangement in both a delayed and an instantaneous manner with respect to at least parts of the audio signals radiated via the first loudspeaker arrangement.

In the context of the invention, it is advantageous if the

Speakers of the second speaker assembly usually in pairs or groups (viewed transversely to the listening position) are controlled by associated pairs or groups of the first speaker assembly.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the audio signals of pairs and / or groups of loudspeakers of the first loudspeaker arrangement are usually instantaneously or with a slight delay over, as a rule, the nearest pair or the closest group of

Speakers of the second speaker arrangement can be played.

In addition, it is advantageous and, as has been shown in practice, the masking of the auditory space-induced sound information significantly improve in the listener's perception when using a pair or through a group of speakers the second

Loudspeaker arrangement emitted audio signals in addition to be reproduced via further pairs or groups of speakers of the second loudspeaker arrangement; usually with an additional small

Delay that is in a positive relation to the distance between the respective pairs and / or groups of loudspeakers, as well as with a slightly lower level with increasing distance.

Furthermore, according to the invention, a computer program which is set up for carrying out the method according to the invention, a computer program product which is set up for carrying out the method according to the invention, comprises a data carrier containing

Inventive computer program or an inventive

Computer program product, a device that is set up for

Implementation of the method according to the invention, a system that

is set up for carrying out the method claimed claimed.

Furthermore, the use of the method according to the invention and / or the computer program according to the invention and / or the computer program product according to the invention and / or the data carrier according to the invention and / or the inventive device is claimed

Device and / or the system according to the invention and / or audio signals and / or indirectly emitted with respect to a listening position live signals and simultaneously independent of a listening room, with respect to a listening position spatially emitted space sound signals whose space sound information one of

Audio signals have independent origin, for the auditory physiological evocation of the perception of the room sound signals

caused spatiality by the listener while at least largely acoustic masking of the diffuse sound of the listening room.

The invention is explained in more detail below, by way of example, not by way of limitation FIG. 1 - shows a perspective and sketchy representation of a possible embodiment of the method according to the invention.

FIG. 1 shows a sketch of a possible loudspeaker configuration within a listening room H in the form of a sketch and perspectively, the listening position itself being marked X and the listener looking at a wall W1.

In the case of sound reproduction in a listening room H, audio signals, for example fed by hi-fi components, are radiated essentially directionally in the direction of the listening position X from a first loudspeaker arrangement consisting of the loudspeakers SLV1, SCV1, SRV1, SLH1 and SRH1 Configuration of a classic 5.1 surround speaker configuration is equivalent to no subwoofer. The audio signals are thus transmitted substantially directionally to the listener at the listening position X. These correspond to the conventional recording technique stemmenden, d. H. channel and non-sound field based sound information.

At the same time, the audio signals and room sound signals independent of the listening room H, the room sound information of which is independent of the audio signals, become substantially indirect with respect to the listening position X via a second loudspeaker arrangement consisting of the loudspeakers SLV02, SRV02, SLH02 and SRH02 in the direction of the listening room ceiling D, the space sound signals and the audio signals exerting complementary effects on the perception of space.

By a corresponding leveling of the audio signals to the room sound signals both in the ratio within the second loudspeaker arrangement and in relation to the sound level of the audio signals of the first loudspeaker arrangement creates a natural and perceived as believable musical sound image, the over second loudspeaker arrangement radiated audio signals increase the diffusivity in the listening room to an extent that allows the inventive perception of enveloping space only, and wherein the radiated via the second loudspeaker arrangement space sound signals not only the Hörrauminduzierten spatial information of the diffused sound of the listening room H in the listener perception mask, but above all ensure the perception of a space corresponding to the room sound information of the space sound signals in a enveloping manner.

For the subjective extension of the width of the sound image and to enhance the Raumschalleinhüllungswirkung a third speaker assembly is installed in the listening room H, which consists of the speakers SL3 and SR3. Via the loudspeakers SL3 and SR3, early reflection signals (specially selected and adjusted room sound signals) are radiated such that they are reflected at the listening room walls W2 and W3 substantially in the direction of the listening position X. By this measure, the acoustic impression of a realistic space is intensified.

In another variant, in which instead of a sound reproduction in the listening room H not audio signals but live signals are used, for example in a live performance in opera houses or concerts, either the listening room H independent room sound signals or room sound signals independent of the listening room and the live sound Signals corresponding to the audio signals via the second loudspeaker arrangement in the direction of the listening position X emitted substantially indirect, the space sound signals on the one hand and either the diffused sound causing portion of the live signals or the diffuse sound causing proportion of the live signals and the live signals On the other hand, audio signals have complementary effects on spatial perception. In this configuration, the speakers SLV1, SCV1, SRV1, SLH1 and SRH1 are usually not operated actively, but in some circumstances they can be operated without the use of rear speakers, in particular for PA applications, for example in musical performances ,

In the acoustic masking of the auditory-space-induced Room sound signals of the listening room H in live performances, however, the speakers SLV02, SRV02, SLH02 and SRH02 are controlled in any case. If required, the loudspeakers of the third loudspeaker arrangement, namely SL3 and SR3, are also activated.

In this way, it is possible to optimize an unfavorable room acoustics of the listening room H, in which the live event takes place, by masking the acoustics of the acoustics by including them in the perception of the listener by a desired room acoustics of a third room contained in the said room sound signals , is replaced.

Bibliography:

WO2012 / 033950 A1

WO2013 / 111034 A2

Ben Kok: Acoustic Enhancement Systems, Production Partner 4/2011 p. 108-117

J. Herer, J. Hilpert, A. Kuntz, J. Plogsties: MPEG-H Audio - The Upcoming Standard for Universal Spatial / 3D Audio Coding, Proceedings of ICSA 2014 Erlangen- ISBN 978-3-98 12830-4-4 p 54

Andreas Rotter: Perceptibility of Acoustic Differences between Tweeters of Different Active Principles, MATU Berlin 2010, page 22 ff.

Claims

jh / la claims

A method for reproducing sound in a listening room (H) comprising at least one loudspeaker arrangement from a group consisting of a first (SLV1, SCV1, SRV1, SLH1, SRH1) and a second (SLV02, SRV02, SLH02, SRH02) loudspeaker arrangement,

In which, in reproduction situations aa.), Audio signals are emitted from a first loudspeaker arrangement (SLV1, SCV1, SRV1, SLH1, SRH1) in a substantially directional manner with respect to a listening position (X), whereby the audio signals and from the listening room (H) originally independent room sound signals that contain room sound information of one or more real or virtual rooms, via a second

Speaker arrangement (SLV02, SRV02, SLH02, SRH02) with respect to the listening position (X) are emitted substantially indirectly, characterized in that the

Room sound information of the space sound signals have an independent of the audio signals origin; or in which in live situations ba.) live signals are radiated into the room and bb.) either bba.) from the listening room (H) independent room sound signals containing room sound information of one or more real or virtual rooms, or bbb.) From the listening room (H) independent room sound signals containing room sound information of one or more real or virtual rooms, and the live signals corresponding audio signals on the second

Room sound information of the space sound signals have an independent of the audio signals corresponding to the live signals origin;

or

c. ) in the live situations either approx.) from the listening room (H) independent room sound signals that contain room sound information of a real or virtual room real or virtual rooms, or cb.) From the listening room (H) independent room sound signals, the room sound information of a real or a virtual space of real or virtual spaces, and live signals corresponding to audio signals via the second loudspeaker arrangement (SLV02, SRV02, SLH02, SRH02) with respect to the listening position (X) are emitted substantially indirectly, characterized in that

Room sound information of the room sound signals one of the

Live signals corresponding audio signals have independent origin; or

d. in which, in playback situations, audio signals are radiated from a first loudspeaker arrangement (SLV1, SCV1, SRV1, SLH1, SRH1) substantially directionally relative to a listening position (X), db.) the audio signals and from the listening room (H) originally independent

Surround sound signals via a second loudspeaker arrangement (SLV02, SRV02, SLH02, SRH02) with respect to the listening position (X) substantially

be emitted indirectly, characterized in that

Room sound information of the room sound signals one of the Audio signals have independent origin;

or e. ) in which in live situations ea.) The live signals are radiated into the room and eb.) EEA either.) From the listening room (H) independent room sound signals or eeb.) From the listening room (H) independent

Space sound signals and live signals corresponding audio signals via the second loudspeaker arrangement (SLV02, SRV02, SLH02, SRH02) with respect to the listening position (X) are emitted substantially indirectly, characterized in that space sound information of the

Space sound signals one of the corresponding live signals

Audio signals have independent origin,

or

f. ) in the live situations either fa.) From the listening room (H) independent room sound signals containing room sound information of a real or virtual space real or virtual rooms, or fb.) From the listening room (H) independent room sound signals, the room sound information of a real or a virtual space of real or virtual spaces, and live signals corresponding to audio signals via the second loudspeaker arrangement (SLV02, SRV02, SLH02, SRH02) with respect to the listening position (X) are emitted substantially indirectly, characterized in that

Room sound information of the room sound signals one of the

Live audio corresponding audio signals have independent origin.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it is the convection signals to convolution products of third-space impulse responses.

3. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized

marked that a) via the second loudspeaker arrangement (SLV02, SRV02, SLH02, SRH02) are emitted in the direction of the listening room walls (W2, W3) and / or listening room ceiling (D) from the space sound signals originating early reflection signals or mid-early reflection signals that at the listening room walls (W2, W3) and / or reflected on the Hörraumdecke (D) reflected early reflectance signals or midframe reflection signals substantially in the direction of

Listening position (X) are reflected;

or b) via a third loudspeaker arrangement (SL3, SR3) in the direction of the listening room walls (W2, W3) and / or the listening room ceiling (D) in such a way

Early reflection signals or mid-early reflection signals originating from the room sound signals are emitted, such that the reflection signals reflected at the listening room walls (W2, W3) and / or at the listening room ceiling (D) or mid-early reflection signals are directed essentially in the direction of the

Listening position (X) are reflected.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized

in that the second loudspeaker arrangement (SLV02, SRV02, SLH02, SRH02) is designed such that a) the audio signals and the room sound signals are separated

Speaker chassis are radiated; or b) the live signals corresponding to the audio signals.

Signals and the room sound signals are emitted via separate speaker chassis; or c) the surround sound signals in relation to the audio signals and in relation to the live signals corresponding to the audio signals via separate Speaker chassis are radiated.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized

in that the second loudspeaker arrangement (SLV02, SRV02, SLH02, SRH02) has at least the following loudspeakers: a) - a loudspeaker with respect to the listening position, which is indirect

Radiation from left-up,

a loudspeaker with respect to the listening position of the indirect radiation from the top right,

or b) - a loudspeaker (SLV02) relative to the listening position

indirect radiation from the front-left-up,

a loudspeaker (SRV02) with respect to the listening position, from front-to-top indirect,

- a loudspeaker (SLH02) with regard to the

Listening position, indirect emission from behind-left-up, -a speaker (SRH02) with respect to the listening position, indirect emission from behind-right-up,

6. The method according to claim 5, without reference to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the third loudspeaker arrangement (SL3, SR3) comprises at least the following loudspeakers: a loudspeaker (SL3) with respect to the listening position

Reflective radiation from front-left to ear level or higher and a speaker (SR3) to reflect the position of the listening position from front-right to ear level or higher,

and or

a loudspeaker with respect to the listening position reflective radiation from the front-center-top.

7. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 6, without referring back to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the loudspeakers of the second (SLV02, SRV02, SLH02, SRH02) and the third

Loudspeaker arrangement (SL3, SR3) are controlled with specifically prepared and accordingly different space sound signals.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized

in that the loudspeakers of the second loudspeaker arrangement (SLV02, SRV02, SLH02, SRH02) are delayed in time or earlier compared to the live signals or the audio signals of the first loudspeaker arrangement (SLV1, SCV1, SRV1, SLH1, SRH1).

9. Method according to one of claims 3 to 8, without referring back to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the loudspeakers of the third loudspeaker arrangement (SL3, SR3) in comparison to the live signals or the audio signals of the first loudspeaker arrangement (SLV1, SCV1, SRV1, SLH1, SRH1) delayed or earlier.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized

characterized in that the front in relation to the listening position (X)

Loudspeaker (SLV02, SRV02) of the second loudspeaker arrangement (SLV02, SRV02, SLH02, SRH02) compared with the rear loudspeaker (SLH02, SRH02) in relation to the listening position (X) of the second loudspeaker arrangement (SLV02, SRV02, SLH02, SRH02) be controlled earlier or delayed.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized

in that within the second loudspeaker arrangement (SLV02, SRV02, SLH02, SRH02) the audio signals are emitted several times at different times.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 1, characterized

characterized in that at least parts of the audio signals on the second Loudspeaker arrangement (SLV02, SRV02, SLH02, SRH02) with respect to at least parts of the audio signals of the first loudspeaker arrangement (SLV1, SCV1, SRV1, SLH1, SRH1) are emitted both temporally undelayed and delayed in time.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized

characterized in that parts of the audio signals relating to the

Listening position (X) front speaker (SLV02, SRV02) of the second

Loudspeaker arrangement (SLV02, SRV02, SLH02, SRH02) are emitted earlier than the same parts of the audio signals via the loudspeaker (X) rear speakers (SLH02, SRH02) or vice versa.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized

in that the audio and room sound signals within the second loudspeaker arrangement (SLV02, SRV02, SLH02, SRH02) are independently controllable with respect to their sound levels.

15. Computer program product, set up to carry out the

Method according to one of claims 1 to 14.

16. A data carrier containing a computer program, set up for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 14.

17. Device, set up for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 14.

18. System, set up for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 14.

19. Use

- The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14

and or

- The computer program product according to claim 15 and or

- The data carrier according to claim 16

and or

- The device according to claim 17

and or

- The system according to claim 18

for the audiophysiological elicitation of the enveloping perception of the space presented by the room sound signals with simultaneous, at least largely acoustic masking of the spatial effect of the listening room (H).