EP3227719A1 - Radar sensor, radar sensor system, and method for determining the position of an object using horizontal and vertical digital beam formation for measuring point-reflective and surface-reflective objects - Google Patents
Radar sensor, radar sensor system, and method for determining the position of an object using horizontal and vertical digital beam formation for measuring point-reflective and surface-reflective objectsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3227719A1 EP3227719A1 EP15820448.7A EP15820448A EP3227719A1 EP 3227719 A1 EP3227719 A1 EP 3227719A1 EP 15820448 A EP15820448 A EP 15820448A EP 3227719 A1 EP3227719 A1 EP 3227719A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- radar sensor
- antenna
- horizontal
- vertical
- scan
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/42—Simultaneous measurement of distance and other co-ordinates
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/87—Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/03—Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
- H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/40—Safety devices, e.g. detection of obstructions or end positions
- E05F15/42—Detection using safety edges
- E05F15/43—Detection using safety edges responsive to disruption of energy beams, e.g. light or sound
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/40—Safety devices, e.g. detection of obstructions or end positions
- E05F15/42—Detection using safety edges
- E05F15/43—Detection using safety edges responsive to disruption of energy beams, e.g. light or sound
- E05F2015/432—Detection using safety edges responsive to disruption of energy beams, e.g. light or sound with acoustical sensors
- E05F2015/433—Detection using safety edges responsive to disruption of energy beams, e.g. light or sound with acoustical sensors using reflection from the obstruction
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
- G01S2013/9314—Parking operations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
- G01S2013/9327—Sensor installation details
- G01S2013/93274—Sensor installation details on the side of the vehicles
Definitions
- Radar sensor radar sensor system and method for determining the position of an object with horizontal and vertical digital Strahlformunq for measuring point and surface reflective objects
- the invention relates to a radar sensor, radar sensor system, and methods for determining the position of an object.
- Millimeter-wave radar sensors e.g. for automotive and aeronautical applications should have a compact and cost-effective design.
- planar and punctiform reflectors differs essentially in that planar surfaces have significant reflection only when the incidence of the radar beam is perpendicular, whereas with punctiform reflectors this is the case even at other angles. This circumstance can lead to the fact that extensive planar surfaces are not recognized in their contour and that a collision can occur in particular with the automatically opening door.
- the object of the invention is to provide a device, a method and a radar system, whereby the disadvantages described above are avoided. It is another object of the invention to provide a radar sensor or a radar sensor system or a device and a method available with which a vertical position of an object can be determined and with the help of a classification between point and area-shaped objects are performed can.
- the object is achieved according to the device with the features of claim 1 or 13, according to the method with the features of claim 18 or 19.
- A. Device for determining the position of an object in three-dimensional space comprising at least two radar transceivers, each device comprising at least 4 receivers and one or two transmitters, with an antenna array for horizontal beam tilting in the vertical one has a fan-shaped beam, and an antenna array for a vertical beam swing, whose individual beam elements in the vertical as well as in the horizontal one wide
- a radar system for using a device for determining a position of an object in the three-dimensional space in the sense of B, consisting of at least 4 transmitters and 8 receivers, which are synchronized with each other and thus allow a two-dimensional beam swing of a single antenna beam and further
- a remedy is provided by the use of a second radar sensor, which is arranged offset from the first in the direction of travel.
- the sensors are networked with each other and the collected information is evaluated according to the master-slave principle of one of the two sensors. Further embodiments of the present invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
- Figure 1 shows the sensor arrangement on the vehicle with horizontal field of view for monitoring the opening range of the doors.
- the sensors are each tilted by about 30 degrees and have a field of view of about 1 10 degrees. At least 2 sensors must be installed per side of the vehicle to optimally cover the opening area of the doors.
- Figure 2 shows the vertical field of view of the sensors and the range of potential obstacles.
- the arrangement of the sensors was chosen so that, on the one hand, the opening area of the doors is maximally covered, on the other hand, to distinguish point-shaped reflectors from sheet-like. For this purpose, an overlap of the fields of view of the sensors is required.
- the door may open up to the object, whereas in the case of area-like obstacles, such as walls or neighboring vehicles, the door may only open up to the potentially extended area.
- the point-shaped object is detected by both sensors in distance and angle. In the planar planar object, however, only reflections occur at a normal angle of incidence. Both sensors are unable to detect one and the same reflection point.
- the radar sensors detect the radial distance and the angle to the location of reflection. If one then forms the Ortogonalen to the beam directions of the individual sensors, they run in a surface target in approximately parallel, at a point goal they intersect.
- the door may be opened at the point target up to its position, at a surface target only until the extended Ortogonale. Thus, the door is prevented from touching the wall when it is opened, although the reflection point is farther away than the collision point.
- FIG. 5 shows the millimeter-wave module of a single radar sensor with antenna arrangement.
- the sensor consists of a transceiver (1) for the vertical scan and a transceiver (2) for the horizontal scan.
- Each transmitting / receiving device consists of at least 4 receivers (3a, 3b) and one or two transmitters (4a, 4b). Since the required detection rate for the door monitoring is low in comparison to the measuring rate of the sensor, the sensor system can perform the vertical detection and the horizontal detection in chronological succession. This reduces costs since only one signal processing unit is needed. Furthermore, it is avoided that the transmitting / receiving units interfere with each other.
- Figure 6 shows the functional block diagram of the radar sensor. It consists of two highly integrated radar frontends, each with two transmitters and four receivers. Analogue-to-digital converters are already integrated in the receivers so that they can be connected directly to the signal processing unit, a multicore digital signal processor. The signal processor additionally performs the task of controlling the transceiver modules and operates the communication interface with the outside world, e.g. with the control electronics of the automatic door.
- the two transmitters are alternately modulated in a linearly sawtooth fashion. This cycle is repeated n times.
- the distance to the object is determined by means of a fast Fourier transformation (FFT).
- FFT fast Fourier transformation
- these data sets are arranged into a spectrogram and a second FFT is calculated over the columns of the spectrogram matrix.
- the row position of this so-called range Doppler matrix corresponds to the speed of the object, the column position corresponds to the radial distance.
- the modulation frequency fm is greater than the maximum occurring Doppler frequency, so that an independent and unambiguous distance and speed measurement can be performed.
- an antenna line was chosen which has the vertical diagram shown in Figure 8.
- the arrangement and dimensioning of the individual radiator elements of the antenna line was not optimized as usual for maximum beam bundling, but designed so that an upwardly directed fan beam is formed.
- This fan beam ensures that reflections from objects below the doorstep are suppressed and the sensor can still detect objects at high vertical angles.
- the gain of such an antenna line corresponds approximately only to that of a single radiator. However, the distances to the objects are so small that sufficient sensitivity of the radar sensor still exists.
- the horizontal diagram of this antenna line is shown in Figure 9. It has a very large 3dB beam width to illuminate the required wide viewing area of 1 10 °. After digital beamforming, the array diagram shown in Figure 10 results, which can be tilted up to + -50 °. without so-called grating praise arise, which could lead to apparent targets.
- microstrip patch emitter used.
- This spotlight has a large opening angle in both the vertical and the horizontal (see Figure 1 1).
- the digital beam sweep is limited to the Winkelbreich of -70 ° to 0 °. Although at -70 ° apparent targets appear in the opposite direction. However, these would be physically below the road surface and thus can be eliminated by a simple plausibility check. Up to a tilt angle of -60 °, the detection is free of grating praise and thus of decoys.
- the door opening area is monitored in two dimensions, so that protruding obstacles, such as loading ramps, railings or exterior mirrors of adjacent vehicles, are also recognized as obstacles.
- FIG. 12 shows the millimeter wave module with two transmit / receive modules providing 4 transmitters and 8 receivers.
- the transmitting antennas are arranged in a row orthogonal to the row of receiving antennas.
- the transmit antennas should have the same direction of polarization as the receiving antenna in order to ensure the maximum system sensitivity.
- the radiator elements were tilted by 45 ° both at the transmitter and at the receiver.
- the illustrated virtual receive array can thus be generated so that an array of 4 ⁇ 8 individual emitters is available for signal processing.
- Each of these individual emitters can be regulated both in phase and in amplitude as part of the signal evaluation, so that a beam swing in both the vertical and in the horizontal direction is possible.
- Figure 13 shows the controllable diagram of the array with a 3dB beam width of 16 degrees in the horizontal and 29 degrees in the vertical.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
- Support Of Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014118031.3A DE102014118031A1 (en) | 2014-12-05 | 2014-12-05 | Radar sensor, radar sensor system and method for determining the position of an object with horizontal and vertical digital beam shaping for the measurement of point and surface reflecting objects |
PCT/EP2015/078879 WO2016087679A1 (en) | 2014-12-05 | 2015-12-07 | Radar sensor, radar sensor system, and method for determining the position of an object using horizontal and vertical digital beam formation for measuring point-reflective and surface-reflective objects |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3227719A1 true EP3227719A1 (en) | 2017-10-11 |
Family
ID=55070986
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15820448.7A Pending EP3227719A1 (en) | 2014-12-05 | 2015-12-07 | Radar sensor, radar sensor system, and method for determining the position of an object using horizontal and vertical digital beam formation for measuring point-reflective and surface-reflective objects |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10877146B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3227719A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6734847B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102550833B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN107407720B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102014118031A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016087679A1 (en) |
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-
2014
- 2014-12-05 DE DE102014118031.3A patent/DE102014118031A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2015
- 2015-12-07 CN CN201580066037.7A patent/CN107407720B/en active Active
- 2015-12-07 WO PCT/EP2015/078879 patent/WO2016087679A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-12-07 EP EP15820448.7A patent/EP3227719A1/en active Pending
- 2015-12-07 KR KR1020177014914A patent/KR102550833B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2015-12-07 JP JP2017527753A patent/JP6734847B2/en active Active
- 2015-12-07 US US15/532,400 patent/US10877146B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
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KR102550833B1 (en) | 2023-07-03 |
KR20170090427A (en) | 2017-08-07 |
US20170329002A1 (en) | 2017-11-16 |
JP6734847B2 (en) | 2020-08-05 |
JP2018503071A (en) | 2018-02-01 |
DE102014118031A1 (en) | 2016-06-09 |
US10877146B2 (en) | 2020-12-29 |
CN107407720B (en) | 2021-11-09 |
CN107407720A (en) | 2017-11-28 |
WO2016087679A1 (en) | 2016-06-09 |
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