EP3207171B1 - Extraction apparatus for a combing machine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a combing machine according to the preamble of the main claim.

The combers used in practice today usually have eight side by side arranged combing heads, which in each case a cotton roll is presented for combing out. The combed from the individual combing heads and discharged nonwoven fabric is summarized by means of known devices into a sliver and fed transversely to the material flow direction of the combing head on a guide table a subsequent drafting unit. The sliver formed at the drafting device is then placed in a loop in a can through a funnel wheel in a can. Such combing machines work today with Kammspielzahlen of up to 600 KS / min.

These known combers have a gear unit, a longitudinal part with juxtaposed combing heads and a drafting unit with subsequent tape storage. The longitudinal part knows a machine frame, which consists of a solid bottom plate, on which massive side plates are attached. Between the side plates, which are also provided with bearings for the longitudinal shafts, the individual units of the combing heads are attached.

To increase the comb play numbers and ultimately also to increase productivity was in the DE-102006026841 A1 proposed an embodiment in which adjacent combing units are mounted on a supported on both sides of the ground support frame. Between the supports of the support frame runs at a distance to the ground. The dispensing direction of the fiber slivers formed on the individual combing units takes place here, as in the conventional combing machine, transversely to the conveying direction of the subsequent conveyor table. The attachment of the housing of the combing units on the support frame shown as a square tube profile (also called longitudinal member) is hereby indicated only schematically by means of fittings Further, a collection channel is disclosed for the extraction of combed components of the nonwoven fabric, which is in communication with a vacuum source.

Furthermore, in the published EP 2 397 583 A2 an embodiment of a combing machine shown, wherein a plurality of combing heads are arranged between a right and left frame part, wherein the frame parts are supported on the ground. In the middle section additional supports may be provided on the floor. Between the right and left frame parts at least two side members are proposed, of which at least the forceps shaft, the circular comb shaft and a tear-off roller are supported. The type of attachment is not shown and described in detail here.

Furthermore, in the non-prepublished Swiss patent application CH-01097/14 from 21.07.2014 described an embodiment in which juxtaposed Kämmaggregate are provided, which are each mounted between two frame signs, which are mounted on a longitudinal member. The longitudinal member is attached to two frame elements, which are supported on the ground. Below the longitudinal member a collecting channel is provided, in which the combed out at the respective comb units components (noils, nits, dirt) are collected and transported away. The collecting channel is provided with individual suction nozzles, which protrude to the combing aggregates. Schematically, a screen drum is shown in this application, on which a non-woven fabric is formed after the tearing off. It is on the EP-2 350 361 A1 referenced, from which a more detailed description of this soldering process can be found. From the cited application, as well as from the additionally cited prior art, no indication can be found as to how the application of a negative pressure to the screen drum is carried out or configured.

Based on the described prior art, the present invention seeks to propose a device for the extraction of the combed components (noils etc.) and for the application of a negative pressure to a web-forming device, which on the one hand takes into account different vacuum conditions required and on the other hand good accessibility Ensures combing units and suction devices.

To solve this problem, it is proposed that the respective intake pipes of the nonwoven fabric forming means of Kämmaggregate open into a common suction channel, which is in communication with the first vacuum source, wherein the suction channel and the collecting channel side by side and in the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal member and mounted below the combing units are.

The appropriately trained suction pipes made of plastic can be made by blow molding. Suction pipes can be produced with this known method, which have no inner seam, on which fibers could accumulate, which in turn can lead to blockages in the pipes. The use of suction tubes, which are produced by this method, is particularly suitable for the textile machinery sector.

By separating the exhaust systems and the use of their own vacuum source, it is possible to create different required negative pressures. The required negative pressure for the soldering process on the nonwoven fabric forming means is e.g. up to six times higher than the required vacuum for the suction of the combed components. As a nonwoven fabric forming agent may, for. As a screen drum or a circumferential, perforated belt are used.

To compensate for a possible pressure drop over the length of the suction channel or the collecting channel, appropriate inserts (for example slides) can be provided between the suction channel and the respective suction tubes, or between the collecting channel and the respective suction channels.

The proposed attachment of the collecting channel and the suction channel below the combing units on the one hand ensures free accessibility to the elements of Kämmaggregate and on the other hand also allows easy access to the collecting channel and the suction channel. As a result, any necessary cleaning work in the area of the above-mentioned suction channels are simplified. Advantageously, the suction channel and the collecting channel are mounted below the longitudinal member. This allows easy attachment of the channels and results in a compact and space-saving design.

For simple and positioned attachment of the suction channels in the region of their ends is further proposed that the longitudinal beam is fixed at its ends to frame members which are supported on the ground and the frame members with Passages are provided, in which protrude the suction channel and the collecting channel.

In order to obtain a good accessibility to the electric and pneumatic elements of the combing machine, it is further proposed that - seen from a front operating side of the comber - behind the longitudinal member and above the suction and collecting channel a longitudinally extending along the longitudinal member assembly is provided in which electrical and pneumatic elements are housed for controlling the combing units.

By further suggesting, seen from a front operating side of the combing machine, to arrange the collecting channel for the combed components in front of the suction channel, it is possible that the opening into the collecting channel suction channels can be formed in the vertical direction and without deflection. This allows lossless and trouble-free discharge of the combed components to the collecting duct.

In order to adapt the suction systems to the different vacuum conditions, it is further proposed that the collecting channel has a larger cross section than the suction channel.

To carry out a constant and constant soldering process, it is necessary that the applied negative pressure is kept at a constant value, irrespective of possible contamination. To ensure this, it is proposed that at least one air pressure sensor is mounted within the suction channel and is connected to a control unit which is in communication with the control of the first vacuum source. This makes it possible to correct a detected by the sensors deviation of the applied negative pressure on the control of the control of the vacuum source by the control unit.

It is preferably proposed that the negative pressure in the suction channel is at least twice as great as the negative pressure in the collecting channel.

In this case, the negative pressure in the suction channel between 500 and 1500 Pa (Pascal) and the negative pressure in the collecting channel between 100 and 500 Pa amount.

In order to provide easy access of the suction channels for cleaning purposes, it is further proposed that the respective vertical longitudinal sides of the suction channel and the collecting channel, which do not face each other, are each provided with at least one closable service opening.

Furthermore, it is proposed that a connection channel is provided on the output side of the first vacuum source, which is provided with a one-way blocking element and opens into a connection channel on the input side of the second vacuum source. The term "input side" and "output side" refers to the direction of the air flow.

Thus, it is possible that the entrained in the air flow of the suction channel components (such as fibers, dust, etc.) are also supplied to a central disposal facility 30. The blocking element prevents the two suction systems from influencing each other.

Further advantages of the invention will be described and demonstrated by the following embodiments.

• Fig.1 eine schematische Vorderansicht einer Kämmmaschine nach der Erfindung
• Fig.2 eine schematische Seitenansicht X nach Fig.1
• Fig.3 eine vergrösserte Teilansicht nach Fig.2
• Fig.3a eine Teilansicht der Abreisswalze nach Fig.3 in Seitenansicht

Show it:

• Fig.1 a schematic front view of a comber according to the invention
• Fig.2 a schematic side view X after Fig.1
• Figure 3 an enlarged partial view Fig.2
• 3a a partial view of the tear roller after Figure 3 in side view

In the embodiment of Fig. 1 a longitudinal part LT of a combing machine 1 is shown, wherein a laterally adjoining this longitudinal part drive unit A is indicated only schematically. Likewise, a subsequent tape tray BA with a drafting unit S is indicated only schematically. These can be designed as in known embodiments.

The longitudinal part LT consists in the present example of a single longitudinal member 7, which is fixed to frame elements RE via schematically shown screws R at its two ends. He has a distance FA to the ground O on. The two frame elements RE are provided on their undersides each with two height-adjustable feet 20, via which they are supported on the floor O. About the adjustable feet of the longitudinal part in relation to the soil condition accordingly be aligned. To increase the strength of the longitudinal member 7 and thus the entire longitudinal part LT transverse struts are mounted within the U-shaped longitudinal profile.

Below the longitudinal member 7, a collecting channel 17 is mounted, which projects into openings 23 of the frame elements RE and there fastened (not shown) is. In the collecting channel 17 open spaced suction channels 17a, which lead to the respective combing unit X1 - X8, in which the combed out during the combing process components (noils, dirt, nits, etc.) sucked from the suction channels 17a and the collecting channel 17 are supplied. The term "combing unit" is to be understood as an apparatus for combing out a pulp with subsequent banding of the combed pulp. As a rule, such a device consists of the following individual components, such as a nipper unit, combing cylinder (round comb), ridge comb, tear-off cylinder or a rip-off roller cooperating with the combing cylinder (Heilmann principle) with a subsequent soldering device (eg a screening drum) and a nonwoven assembly banding. In the enlarged embodiment of Figure 3 a combing unit is shown, which works according to the Heilmann principle.

The individual suction channels 17a are connected to a channel 21, in which a combing cylinder 11 and a brush roller 13 are rotatably mounted. The brush roller is provided for cleaning the combing segment of the combing cylinder. By means of the combing segment fastened on the combing cylinder 11, a tuft protruding from the closed pliers 10 is combed out, as shown in the enlarged view Figure 3 can be seen. The combed out components (eg noils) enter a channel 21 and are transferred under the action of a negative pressure in the suction channel 17a, the other end opens into the collecting channel 17, via the collecting channel 17, via the connecting channel 31 with a second negative pressure source P2 is in connection, the extracted components are supplied to a central disposal facility 30, for example.

How out Fig.1 can be seen, are mounted on the side rail 7 at a distance G, a plurality of frame signs RS, which extend vertically upwards. As from the side view of the X Fig.1 in Fig.2 and the enlarged partial view of the Figure 3 can be seen, the longitudinal member 7 has a U-shaped longitudinal profile U with a bottom wall U1. In extension of the bottom wall U1 adjoins the longitudinal profile U, a side wall SW, which extends vertically upwards in the mounted position.

In the resulting space between the one leg of the longitudinal profile U and the side wall SW is a lower part of the respective frame plate RS on the side member 7 and is fastened there via schematically indicated screws.

In addition, and at a distance from the longitudinal member 7, a transverse web QS is provided in each case between two adjacent frame plates RS, which has a length which corresponds to the distance G. As schematically in Figure 3 indicated, the transverse webs at their respective ends, with which they rest on the respective frame plate RS, laterally projecting tabs, via which they are fastened by means of fastening means (eg screws) to the side plate SE. The side plate can be provided with corresponding stops or depressions, to position the transverse web for mounting exactly.

The individual side panels SE are provided with a plurality of bearing seats for receiving and supporting longitudinal shafts (e.g., the shaft 15 of the combing cylinder 11 or the shaft of the brush roller 13). These longitudinal shafts are driven by drive elements, which are located in the drive unit A.

In the present embodiment, a lower tong plate 2 of a nipper unit 10 (called "tongs" for short) is fastened to the transverse webs QS. How out

Figure 3 can be found between the surface of the transverse web QS and the lower tong plate spacer plates 25 may be provided to adjust their position with respect to the enveloping circle of the combing cylinder 11.

Above the lower tong plate 2, a pivotal frame 4 is mounted, which carries an upper tong plate 3, which together with the lower tong plate 2 can form a nip, as from the present view of Figure 3 can be seen. The frame 4 is pivotally mounted about not shown means to a mounted on the frame signs RS axis 6. Alternatively, the frame 4 may be pivotally mounted directly on the tong plate 2. In the example shown the fiber tuft projecting beyond the clamping point is combed out by a combing segment of a combing cylinder 11. The tuft represents the free end of a fiber mass, which in the form of one or more slivers Z, which are withdrawn from cans KV, in the conveying direction F of the nip of the pliers under the action of a feed cylinder 9 are supplied. On the opposite side of the Kämmsegmentes a tear-off segment is attached, which cooperates with the tear-off of the combed end of the tuft with an undeliverable tear-off roller 12.

During the tear-off process, in which the tear-off segment and the tear-off roller form a nip for the end of the tuft, the fiber material of the tuft is fed into a combing 34 of a schematically shown fixing comb 33. In the tear-off process (as already known), the fiber material drawn off via the nip is pulled through the combing set 34 of the fixed comb 33, whereby nits and other impurities are retained and combed out. In this case, such areas of the fiber material are combed out by the fixed comb, which were not detected due to the geometric conditions by the combing segment of the combing cylinder.

The combing 34 of the fixed comb 33 is usually made of individual juxtaposed Garniturzähnen between which a free space (alley) is provided through which the fiber material is pulled. The individual fitting teeth can be made of stamped tooth sets. However, if a larger number of teeth Zahniturzähnen per cm is required, it is necessary to produce the individual fitting teeth with a very small thickness. It must be ensured that, despite the small tooth thickness, the exact contour of the external tooth form is ensured during manufacture. To produce such sets of teeth, the production of the individual fitting teeth is proposed by the photolithography method.

In order to drive the tear-off roller 12 during the tear-off operation, this lies with its two ends in each case on a cam KS, which are mounted on the shaft 15 of the combing cylinder 11 in a rotationally fixed manner ( 3a ). About friction, the tear-off roller is then driven by the cams. Such an embodiment is z. B. in detail in the published WO 2010/045747 shown. In order to minimize the wear of the tear-off roller 12, the tear-off roller 12 in the region of its outer ends, with which it rests on the cam KS, have a more wear-resistant coating T1, as the coating T2 in its central region, with which he the fiber material during the tearing off clamped in cooperation with the tear-off segment of the combing cylinder. Circumferential notches may be provided between the different coatings T1, T2 of the tear-off roller 12 in order to avoid peeling off of the softer coating T2 in the center region by the edges of the respective cam KS

The withdrawn (broken) fiber packets are then brought together (soldered) on a subsequent screen drum 16 and formed on a unit 26 (with fleece straightener and calender roll) to form a sliver B.

A detailed description of such a device, in particular the soldering process for forming a nonwoven fabric can, for. B. from the EP-2 350 361 A1 be removed.

The sliver B formed in this way is deposited on a conveyor table FB, on which it is transferred with further adjacent slivers of adjacent Kämmaggregate to a subsequent drafting unit S. The conveyor table FB may consist of a driven conveyor belt. The slivers can also be in several, z. B. two superimposed layers are conveyed to the drafting unit.

As already described, the sliver formed on the drafting unit S is fed to a storage device, via which it is placed loop-shaped in cans.

As already described, in the present example, a screen drum 16 is used for web formation, on the interior of which a negative pressure is applied to guide the torn off fiber packets accordingly and to attach and solder to the end of an already formed fiber web on the circumference of the screen drum. Within the screen drum 16, a driven control element (not shown) may additionally be provided, via which the air flows in the delivery area of the fiber packets are controlled accordingly. Such a control is z. B. in the WHERE 2006/012759 shown and described. In order to be able to carry out the described piecing process (soldering process) even at high comb rates (eg> 1000 KS / min), a high and constant negative pressure is required. To achieve this, a first and own vacuum source P1 is provided, which communicates via the suction pipe 18 with the interior IR of the suction drum 16 in connection. The individual intake pipes 18 which communicate with the respective suction drums 16 open into a suction channel 19, to which the vacuum source P1 is connected directly (or via a further channel).

To compensate for any pressure drop over the length in the suction channel 19, or the collecting channel 17, or compensate, appropriate inserts (eg slide) between the suction channel 19 and the suction pipes 18 and between the collecting channel 17 and the suction channels 17a attached become.

As in particular from Figure 3 can be seen, the suction channel 19 is disposed directly below the longitudinal member 7 and extends parallel to the same vertical plane as an adjacent collecting channel 17, which communicates via a channel 31 with a second negative pressure source P2. As in Fig.1 indicated, the collecting channel 17, as well as the suction channel 19 next to each other and in the longitudinal direction LR of the longitudinal member. 7

As schematically in Fig.1 shown, the collecting channel 17 and the suction channel 19 protrude into openings 23 in the frame parts RE and are fixed there. The further connection of the collecting channel 17 to the vacuum source P2 and the connection of the suction channel 19 with the vacuum source P1 is in the Fig. 2 , or. Figure 3 only indicated schematically.

The proposed attachment of the collecting channel 17 and the suction channel 19 below the combing heads X1-X8 and below the longitudinal member 7, on which the combing heads are fixed, gives a compact design of the combing machine. The combing heads are easily accessible through these and leading to the combing heads suction channels 17a. or suction tubes 18 can be made correspondingly short, without affecting the good accessibility. In addition, the accessibility to the collecting channel 17 and the suction channel 19 is simplified with the proposed attachment.

In this case, the collection channel 17 may be provided with one (or more) opening 36 which is closable by a cover (e.g., door) 36a. Furthermore, one (or more) opening 38 can be provided in the suction channel 19, which can be closed by a cover (door) 38a. Service work (eg cleaning work) can easily be carried out within the channels via the easily accessible openings 36, 38. By attaching the collecting channel 17 in the region of the front operating side VB of the combing machine, it is possible that the suction channels 17a can be arranged approximately in the vertical direction. As a result, the outflow in the channels 21 (noils, nits, dirt, etc.) can be transferred directly and without loss to the subsequent collection channel 17, from which it is transferred via the channel 31 to a central collection point 30 under the influence of the vacuum source P2 ,

In order to obtain good accessibility to, to the individual Kämmaggregaten out, electrical and pneumatic elements, behind the longitudinal member 7 and above the suction and collecting channel 19, 17 along the longitudinal member 7 extending assembly 50 is provided, in which electrical and pneumatic elements for controlling the combing units are housed.

For the soldering operation (application) in the area of the sieve drum 16, it is necessary that the negative pressure generated by the negative pressure source (for example at the level of 900 Pa (Pascal)) is maintained as constant as possible. To ensure this, one or more compressed air sensors 40 are mounted within the suction channel 19, which are connected via lines 42 to a control unit ST in connection. The control unit ST is connected to a controller 44, which controls the vacuum source P1. If a predetermined negative pressure is exceeded or fallen below, this is measured by the sensors 40 and transmitted to the control unit ST. Via the control unit ST, a control command is transmitted to the controller 44 in accordance with the signal from the sensor 40, which controls the vacuum source P1 accordingly until the sensors 40 again signal a predetermined desired value.

So that possibly in the suction air flow of the vacuum source P1 with guided components (fibers, dust, etc.) are also supplied to the central disposal facility 30, following the vacuum source P1 (at about 900 Pa) is a connection channel 46 is provided to a connecting channel 31 which is mounted between the collecting channel 17 and the second negative pressure source P2 (about 150 Pa). To prevent feedback between the two systems operating at different negative pressures, a one-way locking member 48 is provided in the connecting channel 46. This blocking member 48 allows in the channel 46 only an air flow in the direction of the vacuum source P2, as indicated by an arrow.

Claims (11)

1. A combing machine (1) having a plurality of combing units (X1-X8), which are mounted in a row on a longitudinal beam (7) of a frame, each having a nipper assembly (10), a combing cylinder (11), a detaching apparatus (12) and a driven means (16) forming a fiber fleece, said driven means (16) has openings for an air passage on its periphery, and its interior (IR) is connected by at least one suction pipe (18) to a first vacuum power source (P1) and is also connected to a suction channel (17a) assigned to the respective combing unit for carrying away the constituents that have been combed out, and this suction channel (17a) opens into a common collecting channel (17), which is connected to a second vacuum power source (P2), wherein the respective suction pipe (18) of the driven means (16) of the combing units (X1-X8) forming the fiber fleece opens into a common suction channel (19), which is connected to the first vacuum power source (P1), wherein the suction channel (19) and the collecting channel (17) run side by side and in the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal beam (7) and are mounted beneath the combing units (X1-X8).
2. The combing machine (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the suction channel (19) and the common collecting channel (17) are mounted beneath the longitudinal beam (7).
3. The combing machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the longitudinal beam (7) is fastened at its end to frame elements (RE), which are supported on the bottom (O), and the frame elements (RE) are provided with through-openings (23) into which the suction channel (19) and the collecting channel (17) protrude.
4. The combing machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - as seen from a front operating side (VB) of the combing machine (1) - an assembly (50) running along the longitudinal beam (7) is provided downstream from the longitudinal beam (7) and above the suction channel (19) and collecting channel (17), with electric and pneumatic elements being accommodated in the assembly (50) to control the combing units (X1-X8).
5. The combing machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - as seen from a front operating side (VB) of the combing machine (1) - the collecting channel (17) for the combed out constituents is arranged upstream from the suction channel (19).
6. The combing machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the collecting channel (17) has a larger cross section than the suction channel (19).
7. The combing machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one air pressure sensor (40), which is connected to a control unit (ST) that is in turn connected to the controller (44) of the first vacuum power source (P1), is mounted inside the suction channel (19).
8. The combing machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vacuum power in the suction channel (19) is at least twice as great as the vacuum power in the collecting channel (17).
9. The combing machine (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the vacuum power in the suction channel (19) is between 500 Pa and 1500 Pa, and the vacuum power in the collecting channel (17) is between 100 Pa and 500 Pa.
10. The combing machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective vertical longitudinal sides of the suction channel (19) and of the collecting channel (17), which are not opposite one another, are each provided with at least one closable service opening (36, 38).
11. The combing machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a connecting channel (46) provided with a locking element (48) that acts on one end is provided on the outlet side of the first vacuum power source (P1), which opens into a connecting channel (31) on the inlet end of the second vacuum power source (P2).

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