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EP3279907A1 - Moving part of an electromagnetic actuator for an electric contactor, electromagnetic actuator comprising such a part and contactor - Google Patents

Moving part of an electromagnetic actuator for an electric contactor, electromagnetic actuator comprising such a part and contactor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3279907A1
EP3279907A1 EP17184609.0A EP17184609A EP3279907A1 EP 3279907 A1 EP3279907 A1 EP 3279907A1 EP 17184609 A EP17184609 A EP 17184609A EP 3279907 A1 EP3279907 A1 EP 3279907A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stage
actuator
contactor
flat
fixed part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17184609.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3279907B1 (en
Inventor
Didier Vigouroux
Vincent GEFFROY
Julien HENRI-ROUSSEAU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric Industries SAS filed Critical Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Publication of EP3279907A1 publication Critical patent/EP3279907A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3279907B1 publication Critical patent/EP3279907B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
    • H01H50/20—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature movable inside coil and substantially lengthwise with respect to axis thereof; movable coaxially with respect to coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/36—Stationary parts of magnetic circuit, e.g. yoke
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H01F2007/086—Structural details of the armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/163—Details concerning air-gaps, e.g. anti-remanence, damping, anti-corrosion

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a movable portion of an electromagnetic actuator for an electric contactor.
  • FR-A-2,792,108 discloses an electromagnetic actuator for integration with a DC contactor.
  • This actuator comprises a fixed part and a movable part.
  • the fixed part comprises a coil, which is arranged on an insulating casing and which generates a magnetic field when it is supplied with current.
  • the moving part is designed to move in translation under the effect of the magnetic field generated by the coil. It comprises a magnetic core of generally cylindrical shape and pallet-shaped frames. The pallets are arranged at two ends of the core and are integral with it.
  • a contact holder is linked in translation with the moving part.
  • the contacts of this contact carrier are connected with fixed contacts of the contactor during the movement of the moving part, which has the effect of closing the contactor circuit.
  • One or more springs make it possible to return the mobile part to the open position when the coil is no longer supplied with current.
  • a first disadvantage of this actuator is that the moving part is heavy because it comprises a core and two pallets. The opening and closing time is therefore relatively long. In addition, the moving part includes a lot of copper, so this actuator is relatively expensive to manufacture.
  • the stroke of the moving part depends on several dimensions and in particular the distance between the two pallets.
  • this distance varies in a non-negligible way on a batch of products.
  • a second disadvantage of this product is that the stroke of the movable portion between its open position and its closed position is poorly controlled. The corresponding opening and closing times are therefore variable from one product to another.
  • the invention more particularly intends to remedy by proposing a mobile part of a less expensive electromagnetic actuator to manufacture and with which the opening and closing times are better controlled.
  • the invention relates to a movable part of an electromagnetic actuator for an electric contactor, the movable part being constituted by a flat part, for example cut from a rolled sheet.
  • the flat part comprises a first stage intended to be turned towards a fixed part of the electromagnetic actuator and a second stage connected to the first stage along an axis of displacement of the movable part.
  • a solid section of the second stage, measured in a plane perpendicular to the axis of displacement of the movable part, is less than a solid section of the first stage. Otherwise formulated, the area delimited by the contour of a section of the second stage in a section plane perpendicular to the axis of displacement of the movable part is smaller than the area delimited by the contour of a section of the first stage. in a cutting plane perpendicular to the axis of movement of the movable part.
  • the flat part is a rectangular pallet delimiting two long edges and two short edges and the second stage has a length, measured parallel to the long edges, which is less than the length of the first stage.
  • the moving part is much lighter than that of the electromagnetic actuator according to FR-A-2,792,108 .
  • the mechanical force required to return the moving part in the open position is therefore less.
  • less raw material is used for the manufacture of the moving part. This therefore has a lower manufacturing cost.
  • the fact that the moving part is constituted by a flat part, cut from a rolled sheet allows to obtain reduced tolerance margins with respect to the thickness of the flat part.
  • the amplitude of the stroke of the moving part between the open position and the closed position is better controlled.
  • the fact that the second stage has a solid section smaller than that of the first stage makes it possible to lighten the room at the level of at least one of its edges. The idea is to remove material that does not conduct the magnetic flux when closing the contactor to lighten the flat part to the maximum, without altering the closing capabilities of the actuator.
  • FR 3 026 222 A1 and US 2010/0245002 A1 disclose pallet examples for an electromagnetic actuator. However, none of these pallets has a stepped structure.
  • the invention also relates to an electromagnetic actuator comprising a fixed part and a movable part as described above.
  • the fixed part comprises two cores around which coils are wound.
  • the flat part constituting the mobile part comprises at least one magnetic flux concentrator, each magnetic flux concentrator being arranged so as to face one of the cores of the fixed part.
  • the second stage has a length at least equal to the length of the fixed part, measured at the level of the cores.
  • the invention finally relates to an electric contactor comprising an actuator as described above.
  • an electric switch 2 for selectively interrupting the current flow in a power circuit, for example between a power source and an electric load.
  • the switch 2 is shown in an open position, in which it blocks the flow of current.
  • the contactor 2 comprises a number of movable contacts 12 and a corresponding number of fixed contacts. In the example, this number is equal to two, but this number may vary depending on the type of device.
  • the movable contacts 12 belong to a contact carrier 10 which is movable along an axis X10 between the open position shown in FIG. figure 1 in which the movable contacts 12 and the fixed contacts 14 are separated by an isolation distance and a closed position represented at the figure 2 in which the movable contacts 12 and the fixed contacts 14 are in contact and connected.
  • the contact carrier 10 is displaced in translation along the axis X10 via an electromagnetic actuator 4.
  • the electromagnetic actuator 4 comprises a fixed part 6 and a movable part 8 along the axis X10 between the open position represented by FIG. figure 1 and the closed position represented at the figure 2 .
  • the stroke of the moving part 8 is represented by the distance c to the figure 1 .
  • the contact carrier 10 and the movable portion 8 of the actuator 4 are translationally connected along the axis X10.
  • the portion 8 of the actuator is assembled on the contact carrier 10 so as to make it integral with the contact holder.
  • the fixed part 6 comprises an armature 60 having a U-shaped architecture.
  • the armature 60 thus comprises a base and two cores 61 which extend, starting from the base, parallel to the axis X10.
  • a coil 62 is wrapped around each of cores 61. When supplied with electric current, the coils 62 generate a magnetic field which attracts the mobile part 8 of the actuator 4 towards the fixed part 6.
  • the electromagnetic actuator 4 comprises return means of the movable part 8 in the open position.
  • these biasing means are formed by two helical springs 24, which extend between the fixed part 6 and the movable part 8.
  • the springs 24 are compression springs. For the sake of clarity, the springs 24 are not shown in FIG. figure 2 .
  • the contactor 2 comprises a base 16 and an arc casing 18 fixed to the base 16.
  • the base 16 surrounds the fixed portion 6 of the actuator 4. In the open position, a portion of the contact carrier 10 bears against the casing 18, while in the closed position, the movable portion 8 is in contact with the fixed portion 6 of the actuator 4.
  • the contactor 2 also comprises holding means for holding the fixed portion 6 of the actuator 4 in contact with the arc casing 18. More specifically, the fixed portion 6 of the actuator is held in contact with tabs 180 belonging to the casing 18. The tabs 180 are distributed around the axis X10. In the example, there are four of them.
  • the aforementioned holding means comprise at least one elastic element 22, preferably two elastic elements 22.
  • the elastic elements 22 are elastomeric plugs. Each plug 22 extends from the base 16 and passes through an electronic card 20 through through holes formed in the card 20 for this purpose.
  • the electronic card 20 is thus disposed between the base 16 and the fixed part 6 of the actuator 4. It comprises a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) support.
  • the holding means 22 make it possible to "reference” or "polarize” the fixed part 6 of the actuator 4. This means that, on a batch of products, the fixed part 6 of the actuator 4 has the same position whatever the contactor of the batch considered.
  • the end point of the stroke c of the movable portion 8 between the open position and the closed position is well defined. This contributes to improving the control of the amplitude of the stroke c of the movable portion 8 between the open position and the closed position and therefore, therefore, to improve the control of the crushings of contacts as well as a repeatability of the times. opening and closing.
  • the moving part 8 of the electromagnetic actuator 4 is constituted by a flat piece made of sheet metal.
  • the movable part comprises only one piece, which is the flat sheet metal part.
  • flat piece is meant that it is a piece obtained from a rolled sheet.
  • the flat part 8 is stepped: it comprises a first stage 80 intended to be turned towards the fixed part 6 of the electromagnetic actuator 4 and a second stage 82 intended to be turned, on the opposite side, towards the arc case 18.
  • the second stage 82 is attached to the first stage 80 along the axis X10. This means that the first stage 80 and the second stage 82 are perpendicular to the axis X10 and that there is no gap between the first stage 80 and the second stage 82.
  • a solid section of the second stage 82, measured in a plane perpendicular to the axis of displacement X10 of the movable portion 8, is less than a full section of the first stage 80.
  • the solid section is the area delimited by the contours in the section plane.
  • the possible holes of the first stage 80 or the second stage 82 are not taken into account in the calculation of the area.
  • the two stages 80 and 82 of the flat part 8 are made of ferromagnetic material, in particular of ferromagnetic sheet.
  • the ratio between the solid section of the second stage 82 and the solid section of the first stage 80 is dimensioned by simulation as a function of the flow to be passed and the ferromagnetic material used. It is between 25% and 75%, preferably equal to 50%. This means that the ratio between the area delimited by the contour of a section of the second stage 82 in a section plane perpendicular to the axis of displacement of the movable part and the area delimited by the contour of a section of the first stage 80 in a cutting plane perpendicular to the axis of displacement of the movable part, is between 25% and 75%, preferably equal to 50%.
  • the flat part 8 comprises only two stages.
  • the flat part may comprise a number of stages strictly greater than two.
  • One stage corresponds to a portion of the flat piece 8 having a solid section different from at least one other part of the flat piece.
  • the first stage 80 delimits a surface S80 intended to be oriented towards the fixed part 6 of the electromagnetic actuator 4.
  • the surface S80 is intended to come into contact with the fixed part 6 of the actuator 4. alternatively, a part could be interposed between the parts 6 and 8 in the closed position.
  • the second stage 82 delimits a surface S82 opposite the surface S80.
  • the surface S82 is turned towards the arc housing 18 of the contactor 2 in assembled configuration.
  • Surfaces S80 and S82 are substantially planar.
  • the second stage 82 is substantially centrally disposed. In other words, the second stage 82 covers only a central portion of the first stage 80, which makes it possible to maintain a sufficient passage section in the center of the pallet. On the other hand, at least one of the edges of the part 8 is delimited exclusively by the first stage 80 and has a thickness less than a maximum thickness of the part.
  • the thickness of the flat part 8 is not homogeneous. In the example, the economy in terms of mass compared to a pallet with a uniform thickness is of the order of 15%. This does not affect or almost no magnetic performance because, when closing the contactor 2, most of the magnetic flux generated by the coils 62 passes through the central portion of the flat part 8.
  • the induction level on the edges of the flat piece 8 is not very high. The thickness of the edges can therefore be reduced without causing magnetic saturation that can modify the magnetic behavior of the flat part 8 on closing. In other words, only the material that does not conduct or little magnetic flux when closing the contactor is removed. This makes it possible to obtain a lightened mobile part.
  • the flat part is a rectangular pallet comprising two small sides and two long sides.
  • the two short sides form two opposite edges B1 and B2 of the moving pallet 8.
  • the two long sides form two opposite edges B3 and B4.
  • the edges B1 and B2 have a reduced thickness relative to a central zone of the pallet 8 where the thickness is maximum.
  • the edges B1 and B2 are delimited exclusively by the first stage 80 of the pallet 8, while the edges B3 and B4 are delimited jointly by the two stages 80 and 82.
  • the surface S80 has a length, measured parallel to the long edges B3 and B4, which is greater than the length of the surface S82.
  • the opening time of the contactor 2 is shorter than when using a non-lightened moving part. Moreover, the closing time is substantially identical since the magnetic behavior of the lightened pallet 8 is not or only slightly impacted.
  • the thickness of the first stage 80 is identical to the thickness of the second stage 82.
  • the thickness of the edges B1 and B2 is therefore equal to half of the maximum thickness of the part 8. More generally, the thickness of the first stage 80 must be sized according to the saturation permissible in the edges with respect to the maximum thickness of the pallet 8. In practice, the thickness of the first stage 80 is between 25% and 75% of the maximum thickness of the pallet 8, especially between 35% and 55%.
  • the two stages of the flat part 8 are formed by two superposed sheet metal parts 80 and 82.
  • the sheet metal part 82 is shorter than the sheet metal part 80, the length being measured parallel to the long sides B3 and B4 of the pallet 8.
  • the two sheet metal parts 80 and 82 are welded to one another, in particular by means of a laser welding process.
  • the second stage 82 has a length L82 at least equal to the length L61 of the fixed part 6, this length being measured at the level of the cores 61.
  • the lengths L82 and L61 are measured in a direction perpendicular to the axis X10 and included in the plan of the figure 1 .
  • the second stage 82 comprises parts that are axially opposite the cores 61 of the fixed part 6.
  • the sheet metal part 80 is oriented towards the fixed part 6 of the actuator 4, while the sheet metal part 82 is oriented towards the arc-shaped housing 18; on the opposite side to the fixed part 6 of the actuator 4.
  • the flat part 8 comprises at least one magnetic flux concentrator, preferably at least three magnetic flux concentrators.
  • the flat part comprises four magnetic flux concentrators. These four flux concentrators are arranged at the four corners of the pallet 8.
  • Each flux concentrator is a relief 80.2 formed on a face S80 of the pallet 8 oriented towards the fixed part 6 of the actuator 4.
  • the reliefs 80.2 form bearing surfaces of the movable part 8 on the fixed part 6.
  • each relief 80.2 is formed by stamping sheet metal.
  • the reliefs 80.2 arranged on the side of the edge B3 are of oblong and round shape: they extend parallel to the edges B1 and B2 of the pallet 8.
  • the reliefs 80.2 arranged on the side of the edge B4 are circular in shape.
  • the reliefs 80.2 channel the magnetic flux generated by the coils 62. Indeed, about 95% of the magnetic flux passes through the reliefs 80.2. This makes it possible, on the one hand, to optimize the magnetic force which keeps the moving part 8 in the closed position and thus to limit the consumption of the coils 62 and, on the other hand, to potentially limit the residual effects, ie ie the ability of the pallet 8 to retain its magnetization.
  • each magnetic flux concentrator 80.2 is arranged to be axially facing one of the cores 61 of the fixed portion 6. This promotes the passage of the magnetic flux through the flux concentrators 80.2.
  • an effect of the same type can be obtained by using a piece of non-magnetic material interposed between the fixed and movable parts, respectively 6 and 8, of the actuator 4.
  • the sheet metal part 80 delimits two through-holes 80.1 for the passage of one end of the return springs 24.
  • the springs 24 bear against ears 82.1 of the second piece of sheet metal 82, which is arranged above the part of sheet 80.
  • the first stage 80 and the second stage 82 are in one piece.
  • the moving part of the actuator is then constituted by a one-piece flat piece.
  • the first stage 80 and the second stage 82 may be of different shapes.
  • the first stage 80 may be formed by a piece of square sheet, while the second stage 82 may be a disc whose contour is inscribed within the square delimited by the first stage.
  • the first stage 80 and the second stage 82 may be concentrically superposed two disks, the constituent disk of the first stage 80 then having a greater diameter than that of the constituent disk of the second stage 82.
  • the rectangular pallet 8 is manufactured in the following manner.
  • the two pieces of sheet metal 80 and 82 are cut separately from rolled sheet.
  • the sheet metal part 80 is then stamped for the formation of the reliefs 80.2 and pierced for the formation of the holes 80.1.
  • the two sheet pieces 80 and 82 are then welded to each other, for example using a laser welding process.
  • the welding beads are made at the openings 80.1 and a portion of the edge B3.
  • an electric spot welding method can also be used to join the two sheet metal parts 80 and 82.
  • the weld points are formed at the level of reliefs arranged on the face of the sheet metal part. 82 which is in contact with the sheet metal part 80. Four welding points are then sufficient.
  • the two pieces of sheet metal 80 and 82 can also be glued, riveted or screwed together.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une partie mobile (8) d'un actionneur électromagnétique pour un contacteur électrique (2). La partie mobile est constituée par une pièce plate (8), découpée à partir d'une tôle laminée. Cette pièce plate comprend un premier étage (80) destiné à être tourné vers une partie fixe (6) de l'actionneur et un deuxième étage (82) accolé au premier étage (80) selon un axe de déplacement de la partie mobile. Une section pleine du deuxième étage (82), mesurée dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de déplacement de la partie mobile, est inférieure à une section pleine du premier étage (80).The invention relates to a mobile part (8) of an electromagnetic actuator for an electric contactor (2). The moving part is constituted by a flat piece (8), cut from a rolled sheet. This flat part comprises a first stage (80) intended to be turned towards a fixed part (6) of the actuator and a second stage (82) attached to the first stage (80) along an axis of displacement of the movable part. A solid section of the second stage (82), measured in a plane perpendicular to the moving axis of the movable portion, is less than a solid section of the first stage (80).

Description

La présente invention concerne une partie mobile d'un actionneur électromagnétique pour un contacteur électrique.The present invention relates to a movable portion of an electromagnetic actuator for an electric contactor.

FR-A-2 792 108 divulgue un actionneur électromagnétique destiné à être intégré à un contacteur à courant continu. Cet actionneur comprend une partie fixe et une partie mobile. La partie fixe comprend une bobine, qui est disposée sur une carcasse isolante et qui génère un champ magnétique lorsqu'elle est alimentée en courant. La partie mobile est prévue pour se déplacer en translation sous l'effet du champ magnétique généré par la bobine. Elle comprend un noyau magnétique de forme générale cylindrique et des armatures en forme de palettes. Les palettes sont disposées à deux extrémités du noyau et sont solidaires de celui-ci. Un porte-contacts est lié en translation avec la partie mobile. Les contacts de ce porte-contacts sont connectés avec des contacts fixes du contacteur lors du déplacement de la partie mobile, ce qui a pour effet de fermer le circuit du contacteur. Un ou plusieurs ressorts permettent de ramener la partie mobile en position ouverte lorsque la bobine n'est plus alimentée en courant. FR-A-2,792,108 discloses an electromagnetic actuator for integration with a DC contactor. This actuator comprises a fixed part and a movable part. The fixed part comprises a coil, which is arranged on an insulating casing and which generates a magnetic field when it is supplied with current. The moving part is designed to move in translation under the effect of the magnetic field generated by the coil. It comprises a magnetic core of generally cylindrical shape and pallet-shaped frames. The pallets are arranged at two ends of the core and are integral with it. A contact holder is linked in translation with the moving part. The contacts of this contact carrier are connected with fixed contacts of the contactor during the movement of the moving part, which has the effect of closing the contactor circuit. One or more springs make it possible to return the mobile part to the open position when the coil is no longer supplied with current.

Un premier inconvénient de cet actionneur est que la partie mobile est lourde car elle comprend un noyau et deux palettes. Le temps d'ouverture et de fermeture est donc relativement long. En outre, la partie mobile comprend beaucoup de cuivre, de sorte que cet actionneur est relativement cher à fabriquer.A first disadvantage of this actuator is that the moving part is heavy because it comprises a core and two pallets. The opening and closing time is therefore relatively long. In addition, the moving part includes a lot of copper, so this actuator is relatively expensive to manufacture.

D'autre part, la course de la partie mobile dépend de plusieurs cotes et notamment de la distance entre les deux palettes. Or, cette distance varie de façon non-négligeable sur un lot de produits. Ainsi, un second inconvénient de ce produit est que la course de la partie mobile entre sa position ouverte et sa position fermée est mal maitrisée. Les temps d'ouverture et de fermeture correspondants sont donc variables d'un produit à l'autre.On the other hand, the stroke of the moving part depends on several dimensions and in particular the distance between the two pallets. However, this distance varies in a non-negligible way on a batch of products. Thus, a second disadvantage of this product is that the stroke of the movable portion between its open position and its closed position is poorly controlled. The corresponding opening and closing times are therefore variable from one product to another.

C'est à ces inconvénients qu'entend plus particulièrement remédier l'invention en proposant une partie mobile d'un actionneur électromagnétique moins coûteuse à fabriquer et avec laquelle les temps d'ouverture et de fermeture sont mieux maitrisés.It is these drawbacks that the invention more particularly intends to remedy by proposing a mobile part of a less expensive electromagnetic actuator to manufacture and with which the opening and closing times are better controlled.

A cet effet l'invention concerne une partie mobile d'un actionneur électromagnétique pour un contacteur électrique, la partie mobile étant constituée par une pièce plate, par exemple découpée à partir d'une tôle laminée. La pièce plate comprend un premier étage destiné à être tourné vers une partie fixe de l'actionneur électromagnétique et un deuxième étage accolé au premier étage selon un axe de déplacement de la partie mobile.For this purpose the invention relates to a movable part of an electromagnetic actuator for an electric contactor, the movable part being constituted by a flat part, for example cut from a rolled sheet. The flat part comprises a first stage intended to be turned towards a fixed part of the electromagnetic actuator and a second stage connected to the first stage along an axis of displacement of the movable part.

Une section pleine du deuxième étage, mesurée dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de déplacement de la partie mobile, est inférieure à une section pleine du premier étage. Autrement formulé, l'aire délimitée par le contour d'une section du deuxième étage dans un plan de coupe perpendiculaire à l'axe de déplacement de la partie mobile est inférieure à l'aire délimitée par le contour d'une section du premier étage dans un plan de coupe perpendiculaire à l'axe de déplacement de la partie mobile.A solid section of the second stage, measured in a plane perpendicular to the axis of displacement of the movable part, is less than a solid section of the first stage. Otherwise formulated, the area delimited by the contour of a section of the second stage in a section plane perpendicular to the axis of displacement of the movable part is smaller than the area delimited by the contour of a section of the first stage. in a cutting plane perpendicular to the axis of movement of the movable part.

Conformément à l'invention, la pièce plate est une palette rectangulaire délimitant deux bords longs et deux bords courts et le deuxième étage a une longueur, mesurée parallèlement aux bords longs, qui est inférieure à la longueur du premier étage.According to the invention, the flat part is a rectangular pallet delimiting two long edges and two short edges and the second stage has a length, measured parallel to the long edges, which is less than the length of the first stage.

Grâce à l'invention, la partie mobile est beaucoup plus légère que celle de l'actionneur électromagnétique selon FR-A-2 792 108 . L'effort mécanique nécessaire pour rappeler la partie mobile en position ouverte est donc moindre. En outre, moins de matière première est utilisée pour la fabrication de la partie mobile. Celle-ci a donc un coût de fabrication moins élevé. Par ailleurs, le fait que la partie mobile soit constituée par une pièce plate, découpée à partir d'une tôle laminée, permet d'obtenir des marges de tolérance réduites pour ce qui concerne l'épaisseur de la pièce plate. L'amplitude de la course de la partie mobile entre la position ouverte et la position fermée est donc mieux maîtrisée. Lors de la fermeture du contacteur, les parties périphériques de la pièce plate sont traversées par le flux magnétique en début de déplacement (Augmentation de la surface d'appel). Le niveau d'induction de cette zone reste faible (inférieur à 1 Tesla). Plus l'entrefer (la distance entre la partie fixe et la partie mobile) diminue, plus les lignes de champ se canalisent vers le centre de la palette. Les fortes inductions sont concentrées dans le centre de la palette. L'extérieur de la palette est très légèrement sollicité. Ainsi, il n'y a pas besoin d'avoir autant d'épaisseur sur les bords de la pièce plate qu'au centre. Le fait que le deuxième étage ait une section pleine inférieure à celle du premier étage permet d'alléger la pièce au niveau de l'un au moins de ses bords. L'idée est d'enlever de la matière qui ne conduit pas le flux magnétique lors de la fermeture du contacteur pour alléger la pièce plate au maximum, sans toutefois altérer les capacités de fermeture de l'actionneur.Thanks to the invention, the moving part is much lighter than that of the electromagnetic actuator according to FR-A-2,792,108 . The mechanical force required to return the moving part in the open position is therefore less. In addition, less raw material is used for the manufacture of the moving part. This therefore has a lower manufacturing cost. Furthermore, the fact that the moving part is constituted by a flat part, cut from a rolled sheet, allows to obtain reduced tolerance margins with respect to the thickness of the flat part. The amplitude of the stroke of the moving part between the open position and the closed position is better controlled. When closing the contactor, the peripheral parts of the flat part are traversed by the magnetic flux at the beginning of displacement (increase of the call surface). The induction level of this zone remains low (less than 1 Tesla). The smaller the gap (the distance between the fixed part and the moving part), the more the field lines are channeled towards the center of the pallet. Strong inductions are concentrated in the center of the palette. The outside of the pallet is very slightly stressed. Thus, there is no need to have as much thickness on the edges of the flat part as in the center. The fact that the second stage has a solid section smaller than that of the first stage makes it possible to lighten the room at the level of at least one of its edges. The idea is to remove material that does not conduct the magnetic flux when closing the contactor to lighten the flat part to the maximum, without altering the closing capabilities of the actuator.

FR 3 026 222 A1 et US 2010/0245002 A1 divulguent des exemples de palette pour un actionneur électromagnétique. Toutefois, aucune de ces palettes ne présente une structure étagée. FR 3 026 222 A1 and US 2010/0245002 A1 disclose pallet examples for an electromagnetic actuator. However, none of these pallets has a stepped structure.

FR 2 586 324 A1 divulgue un électroaimant dans lequel la partie mobile est formée par deux armatures magnétiques disposées de façon symétrique de part et d'autre d'un axe de bobine. US 5 235 303 divulgue un actionneur électromagnétique dans lequel la partie mobile comprend une tige de guidage, un pôle mobile, une cale démagnétisante et une armature supérieure en forme de disque. On comprend donc que, dans chacun de ces deux documents, la partie mobile n'est pas constituée par une unique pièce plate. Selon des aspects avantageux mais non obligatoires de l'invention, la partie mobile peut comporter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prises dans toute combinaison techniquement admissible :

  • Le rapport entre la section pleine du deuxième étage et la section pleine du premier étage est compris entre 25% et 75%. Autrement formulé, le rapport entre l'aire délimitée par le contour d'une section du deuxième étage dans un plan de coupe perpendiculaire à l'axe de déplacement de la partie mobile et l'aire délimitée par le contour d'une section du premier étage dans un plan de coupe perpendiculaire à l'axe de déplacement de la partie mobile, est compris entre 25% et 75%.
  • Les deux étages de la pièce plate sont formés par deux pièces de tôles superposées.
  • La pièce plate comprend au moins un concentrateur de flux magnétique.
  • Chaque concentrateur de flux est un relief formé sur une surface de la pièce plate orientée vers une partie fixe de l'actionneur.
  • Les deux étages de la palette sont en matériau ferromagnétique, notamment en tôle ferromagnétique.
FR 2 586 324 A1 discloses an electromagnet in which the movable portion is formed by two magnetic plates arranged symmetrically on either side of a coil axis. US 5,235,303 discloses an electromagnetic actuator in which the movable portion comprises a guide rod, a movable pole, a demagnetizing wedge and an upper frame in the form of a disc. It is therefore understood that in each of these two documents, the moving part is not constituted by a single flat part. According to advantageous but non-obligatory aspects of the invention, the mobile part may comprise one or more of the following characteristics, taken in any technically permissible combination:
  • The ratio between the full section of the second floor and the solid section of the first floor is between 25% and 75%. Otherwise formulated, the ratio between the area delimited by the contour of a section of the second stage in a section plane perpendicular to the axis of displacement of the moving part and the area delimited by the contour of a section of the first floor in a sectional plane perpendicular to the axis of displacement of the movable part is between 25% and 75%.
  • The two floors of the flat part are formed by two pieces of superposed sheets.
  • The flat part comprises at least one magnetic flux concentrator.
  • Each flux concentrator is a relief formed on a surface of the flat part oriented towards a fixed part of the actuator.
  • The two stages of the pallet are made of ferromagnetic material, in particular of ferromagnetic sheet.

L'invention concerne également un actionneur électromagnétique comprenant une partie fixe et une partie mobile telle que décrite précédemment.The invention also relates to an electromagnetic actuator comprising a fixed part and a movable part as described above.

Avantageusement, la partie fixe comprend deux noyaux autour desquels sont enroulés des bobines.Advantageously, the fixed part comprises two cores around which coils are wound.

Avantageusement, la pièce plate constitutive de la partie mobile comprend au moins un concentrateur de flux magnétique, chaque concentrateur de flux magnétique étant disposé de façon à être en regard de l'un des noyaux de la partie fixe.Advantageously, the flat part constituting the mobile part comprises at least one magnetic flux concentrator, each magnetic flux concentrator being arranged so as to face one of the cores of the fixed part.

Avantageusement, le second étage a une longueur au moins égale à la longueur de la partie fixe, mesurée au niveau des noyaux.Advantageously, the second stage has a length at least equal to the length of the fixed part, measured at the level of the cores.

L'invention concerne enfin un contacteur électrique comprenant un actionneur tel que décrit ci-dessus.The invention finally relates to an electric contactor comprising an actuator as described above.

Selon des aspects avantageux mais non obligatoires de l'invention, un tel contacteur électrique peut comporter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prises dans toute combinaison techniquement admissible :

  • Le contacteur comprend un boitier d'arc et des moyens pour maintenir la partie fixe de l'actionneur au contact du boitier d'arc, ces moyens comprenant par exemple au moins un élément élastique.
  • Chaque élément élastique s'étend à partir d'un socle du contacteur et traverse une carte électronique disposée entre le socle et la partie fixe de l'actionneur.
According to advantageous but non-obligatory aspects of the invention, such an electric switch may comprise one or more of the following characteristics, taken in any technically permissible combination:
  • The contactor comprises an arc casing and means for holding the fixed part of the actuator in contact with the arc casing, these means comprising for example at least one elastic element.
  • Each elastic element extends from a base of the contactor and passes through an electronic card disposed between the base and the fixed part of the actuator.

L'invention et d'autres avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement à la lumière de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation d'une partie mobile d'un actionneur électromagnétique conforme à son principe, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une coupe d'un contacteur électrique conforme à l'invention, représenté en position ouverte et comprenant un actionneur électromagnétique avec une partie fixe et une partie mobile conforme à l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une coupe analogue à la figure 1, dans laquelle le contacteur est représenté en position fermée, et
  • les figures 3 et 4 sont des vues en perspective représentant une partie mobile de l'actionneur des figures 1 et 2.
The invention and other advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the light of the following description of an embodiment of a mobile part of an electromagnetic actuator according to its principle, given only as a example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a section of an electric switch according to the invention, shown in the open position and comprising an electromagnetic actuator with a fixed part and a movable part according to the invention,
  • the figure 2 is a cut similar to the figure 1 in which the contactor is shown in the closed position, and
  • the Figures 3 and 4 are perspective views showing a moving part of the actuator of the figures 1 and 2 .

Sur les figures 1 et 2 est représenté un contacteur électrique 2, permettant d'interrompre sélectivement le passage de courant dans un circuit de puissance, par exemple entre une source d'alimentation et une charge électrique. A la figure 1, le contacteur 2 est représenté dans une position ouverte, dans laquelle il bloque le passage de courant. Le contacteur 2 comprend un nombre de contacts mobiles 12 et un nombre de contacts fixes14 correspondant. Dans l'exemple, ce nombre est égal à deux mais ce nombre peut varier en fonction du type d'appareil.On the figures 1 and 2 there is shown an electric switch 2, for selectively interrupting the current flow in a power circuit, for example between a power source and an electric load. To the figure 1 , the switch 2 is shown in an open position, in which it blocks the flow of current. The contactor 2 comprises a number of movable contacts 12 and a corresponding number of fixed contacts. In the example, this number is equal to two, but this number may vary depending on the type of device.

Les contacts mobiles 12 appartiennent à un porte-contact 10 qui est mobile selon un axe X10 entre la position ouverte représentée à la figure 1, dans laquelle les contacts mobiles 12 et les contacts fixes 14 sont séparés par une distance d'isolement et une position fermée représentée à la figure 2, dans laquelle les contacts mobiles 12 et les contacts fixes 14 sont en contact et connectés. Le porte-contact 10 est déplacé en translation suivant l'axe X10 par l'intermédiaire d'un actionneur électromagnétique 4.The movable contacts 12 belong to a contact carrier 10 which is movable along an axis X10 between the open position shown in FIG. figure 1 in which the movable contacts 12 and the fixed contacts 14 are separated by an isolation distance and a closed position represented at the figure 2 in which the movable contacts 12 and the fixed contacts 14 are in contact and connected. The contact carrier 10 is displaced in translation along the axis X10 via an electromagnetic actuator 4.

L'actionneur électromagnétique 4 comprend une partie fixe 6 et une partie 8 mobile le long de l'axe X10 entre la position ouverte représentée à la figure 1 et la position fermée représentée à la figure 2. La course de la partie mobile 8 est représentée par la distance c à la figure 1.The electromagnetic actuator 4 comprises a fixed part 6 and a movable part 8 along the axis X10 between the open position represented by FIG. figure 1 and the closed position represented at the figure 2 . The stroke of the moving part 8 is represented by the distance c to the figure 1 .

Le porte-contacts 10 et la partie mobile 8 de l'actionneur 4 sont liés en translation suivant l'axe X10. Dans l'exemple, la partie 8 de l'actionneur est assemblée sur le porte-contacts 10 de manière à la rendre solidaire du porte contact.The contact carrier 10 and the movable portion 8 of the actuator 4 are translationally connected along the axis X10. In the example, the portion 8 of the actuator is assembled on the contact carrier 10 so as to make it integral with the contact holder.

La partie fixe 6 comprend une armature 60 ayant une architecture en forme de U. L'armature 60 comprend donc une base et deux noyaux 61 qui s'étendent, à partir de la base, parallèlement à l'axe X10. Une bobine 62 est enroulée autour de chacun des noyaux 61. Lorsqu'elles sont alimentées en courant électrique, les bobines 62 génèrent un champ magnétique qui attire la partie mobile 8 de l'actionneur 4 vers la partie fixe 6.The fixed part 6 comprises an armature 60 having a U-shaped architecture. The armature 60 thus comprises a base and two cores 61 which extend, starting from the base, parallel to the axis X10. A coil 62 is wrapped around each of cores 61. When supplied with electric current, the coils 62 generate a magnetic field which attracts the mobile part 8 of the actuator 4 towards the fixed part 6.

L'actionneur électromagnétique 4 comprend des moyens de rappel de la partie mobile 8 en position ouverte. Dans l'exemple, ces moyens de rappel sont formés par deux ressorts hélicoïdaux 24, qui s'étendent entre la partie fixe 6 et la partie mobile 8. Les ressorts 24 sont des ressorts de compression. Pour la clarté des dessins, les ressorts 24 ne sont pas représentés à la figure 2.The electromagnetic actuator 4 comprises return means of the movable part 8 in the open position. In the example, these biasing means are formed by two helical springs 24, which extend between the fixed part 6 and the movable part 8. The springs 24 are compression springs. For the sake of clarity, the springs 24 are not shown in FIG. figure 2 .

Le contacteur 2 comprend un socle 16 et un boîtier d'arc 18 fixé au socle 16. Le socle 16 entoure la partie fixe 6 de l'actionneur 4. En position ouverte, une partie du porte-contacts 10 est en appui contre le boitier d'arc 18, alors qu'en position fermée, la partie mobile 8 est en contact avec la partie fixe 6 de l'actionneur 4.The contactor 2 comprises a base 16 and an arc casing 18 fixed to the base 16. The base 16 surrounds the fixed portion 6 of the actuator 4. In the open position, a portion of the contact carrier 10 bears against the casing 18, while in the closed position, the movable portion 8 is in contact with the fixed portion 6 of the actuator 4.

Le contacteur 2 comprend également des moyens de maintien pour maintenir la partie fixe 6 de l'actionneur 4 au contact du boîtier d'arc 18. Plus précisément, la partie fixe 6 de l'actionneur est maintenue au contact de pattes 180 appartenant au boîtier d'arc 18. Les pattes 180 sont réparties autour de l'axe X10. Elles sont dans l'exemple au nombre de 4.The contactor 2 also comprises holding means for holding the fixed portion 6 of the actuator 4 in contact with the arc casing 18. More specifically, the fixed portion 6 of the actuator is held in contact with tabs 180 belonging to the casing 18. The tabs 180 are distributed around the axis X10. In the example, there are four of them.

Les moyens de maintien précités comprennent au moins un élément élastique 22, de préférence deux éléments élastiques 22. Dans l'exemple, les éléments élastiques 22 sont des bouchons en élastomère. Chaque bouchon 22 s'étend à partir du socle 16 et traverse une carte électronique 20 par des trous traversants ménagés dans la carte 20 à cet effet. La carte électronique 20 est donc disposée entre le socle 16 et la partie fixe 6 de l'actionneur 4. Elle comprend un support en polychlorobiphényles (PCB).The aforementioned holding means comprise at least one elastic element 22, preferably two elastic elements 22. In the example, the elastic elements 22 are elastomeric plugs. Each plug 22 extends from the base 16 and passes through an electronic card 20 through through holes formed in the card 20 for this purpose. The electronic card 20 is thus disposed between the base 16 and the fixed part 6 of the actuator 4. It comprises a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) support.

Les moyens de maintien 22 permettent de « référencer », ou de « polariser » la partie fixe 6 de l'actionneur 4. Cela signifie que, sur un lot de produits, la partie fixe 6 de l'actionneur 4 a la même position quel que soit le contacteur du lot considéré. Ainsi, le point de fin de la course c de la partie mobile 8 entre la position ouverte et la position fermée est donc bien défini. Cela contribue à améliorer la maîtrise de l'amplitude de la course c de la partie mobile 8 entre la position ouverte et la position fermée et donc, par conséquent, à améliorer la maitrise des écrasements de contacts ainsi qu'une répétabilité des temps d'ouverture et de fermeture.The holding means 22 make it possible to "reference" or "polarize" the fixed part 6 of the actuator 4. This means that, on a batch of products, the fixed part 6 of the actuator 4 has the same position whatever the contactor of the batch considered. Thus, the end point of the stroke c of the movable portion 8 between the open position and the closed position is well defined. This contributes to improving the control of the amplitude of the stroke c of the movable portion 8 between the open position and the closed position and therefore, therefore, to improve the control of the crushings of contacts as well as a repeatability of the times. opening and closing.

Comme visible aux figures 3 et 4, la partie mobile 8 de l'actionneur électromagnétique 4 est constituée par une pièce plate, en tôle. Par l'emploi du verbe « constituer », on entend ici que la partie mobile ne comprend qu'une seule pièce, qui est la pièce plate en tôle. Par pièce plate, on entend qu'il s'agit d'une pièce obtenue à partir d'une tôle laminée.As visible to Figures 3 and 4 the moving part 8 of the electromagnetic actuator 4 is constituted by a flat piece made of sheet metal. By the use of the verb "to constitute" is meant here that the movable part comprises only one piece, which is the flat sheet metal part. By flat piece is meant that it is a piece obtained from a rolled sheet.

La pièce plate 8 est étagée : elle comprend un premier étage 80 destiné à être tourné vers la partie fixe 6 de l'actionneur électromagnétique 4 et un deuxième étage 82 destiné à être tourné, du côté opposé, vers le boitier d'arc 18. Le deuxième étage 82 est accolé au premier étage 80 selon l'axe X10. Cela signifie que le premier étage 80 et le deuxième étage 82 sont perpendiculaires à l'axe X10 et qu'il n'y a pas de vide entre le premier étage 80 et le deuxième étage 82. Une section pleine du deuxième étage 82, mesurée dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de déplacement X10 de la partie mobile 8, est inférieure à une section pleine du premier étage 80. La section pleine est l'aire délimitée par les contours dans le plan de section. Ainsi, les éventuels trous du premier étage 80 ou du deuxième étage 82 ne sont pas pris en compte dans le calcul de l'aire. Cela signifie donc que l'aire délimitée par le contour d'une section du deuxième étage 82 dans un plan de coupe perpendiculaire à l'axe de déplacement X10 de la partie mobile 8 est inférieure à l'aire délimitée par le contour d'une section du premier étage 80 dans un plan de coupe perpendiculaire à l'axe de déplacement X10 de la partie mobile 8.The flat part 8 is stepped: it comprises a first stage 80 intended to be turned towards the fixed part 6 of the electromagnetic actuator 4 and a second stage 82 intended to be turned, on the opposite side, towards the arc case 18. The second stage 82 is attached to the first stage 80 along the axis X10. This means that the first stage 80 and the second stage 82 are perpendicular to the axis X10 and that there is no gap between the first stage 80 and the second stage 82. A solid section of the second stage 82, measured in a plane perpendicular to the axis of displacement X10 of the movable portion 8, is less than a full section of the first stage 80. The solid section is the area delimited by the contours in the section plane. Thus, the possible holes of the first stage 80 or the second stage 82 are not taken into account in the calculation of the area. This therefore means that the area delimited by the contour of a section of the second stage 82 in a sectional plane perpendicular to the axis of displacement X10 of the mobile part 8 is smaller than the area delimited by the contour of a section of the first stage 80 in a sectional plane perpendicular to the axis of displacement X10 of the movable part 8.

Typiquement, les deux étages 80 et 82 de la pièce plate 8 sont en matériau ferromagnétique, notamment en tôle ferromagnétique.Typically, the two stages 80 and 82 of the flat part 8 are made of ferromagnetic material, in particular of ferromagnetic sheet.

Le rapport entre la section pleine du deuxième étage 82 et la section pleine du premier étage 80 est dimensionné par simulation en fonction du flux à faire passer et du matériau ferromagnétique utilisé. Il est compris entre 25% et 75%, de préférence égal à 50%. Cela signifie que le rapport entre l'aire délimitée par le contour d'une section du deuxième étage 82 dans un plan de coupe perpendiculaire à l'axe de déplacement de la partie mobile et l'aire délimitée par le contour d'une section du premier étage 80 dans un plan de coupe perpendiculaire à l'axe de déplacement de la partie mobile, est compris entre 25% et 75%, de préférence égal à 50%.The ratio between the solid section of the second stage 82 and the solid section of the first stage 80 is dimensioned by simulation as a function of the flow to be passed and the ferromagnetic material used. It is between 25% and 75%, preferably equal to 50%. This means that the ratio between the area delimited by the contour of a section of the second stage 82 in a section plane perpendicular to the axis of displacement of the movable part and the area delimited by the contour of a section of the first stage 80 in a cutting plane perpendicular to the axis of displacement of the movable part, is between 25% and 75%, preferably equal to 50%.

Dans l'exemple, la pièce plate 8 comprend uniquement deux étages. A titre de variante non représentée, la pièce plate peut comporter un nombre d'étages strictement supérieur à deux. Un étage correspond à une partie de la pièce plate 8 ayant une section pleine différente d'au moins une autre partie de la pièce plate.In the example, the flat part 8 comprises only two stages. As a variant not shown, the flat part may comprise a number of stages strictly greater than two. One stage corresponds to a portion of the flat piece 8 having a solid section different from at least one other part of the flat piece.

Le premier étage 80 délimite une surface S80 destinée à être orientée vers la partie fixe 6 de l'actionneur électromagnétique 4. Dans l'exemple, la surface S80 est destinée à venir en contact avec la partie fixe 6 de l'actionneur 4. Toutefois, en variante, une pièce pourrait être intercalée entre les parties 6 et 8 en position fermée. Le deuxième étage 82 délimite une surface S82 opposée à la surface S80. La surface S82 est tournée vers le boitier d'arc 18 du contacteur 2 en configuration assemblée. Les surfaces S80 et S82 sont sensiblement planes.The first stage 80 delimits a surface S80 intended to be oriented towards the fixed part 6 of the electromagnetic actuator 4. In the example, the surface S80 is intended to come into contact with the fixed part 6 of the actuator 4. alternatively, a part could be interposed between the parts 6 and 8 in the closed position. The second stage 82 delimits a surface S82 opposite the surface S80. The surface S82 is turned towards the arc housing 18 of the contactor 2 in assembled configuration. Surfaces S80 and S82 are substantially planar.

Le deuxième étage 82 est disposé de manière sensiblement centrale. Autrement dit, le deuxième étage 82 ne recouvre qu'une partie centrale du premier étage 80, ce qui permet de conserver une section de passage suffisante au centre de la palette. En revanche, au moins l'un des bords de la pièce 8 est délimité exclusivement par le premier étage 80 et présente une épaisseur inférieure à une épaisseur maximale de la pièce.The second stage 82 is substantially centrally disposed. In other words, the second stage 82 covers only a central portion of the first stage 80, which makes it possible to maintain a sufficient passage section in the center of the pallet. On the other hand, at least one of the edges of the part 8 is delimited exclusively by the first stage 80 and has a thickness less than a maximum thickness of the part.

L'épaisseur de la pièce plate 8 n'est donc pas homogène. Dans l'exemple, l'économie en termes de masse par rapport à une palette avec une épaisseur homogène est de l'ordre de 15%. Cela n'affecte pas ou quasiment pas les performances magnétiques car, lors de la fermeture du contacteur 2, l'essentiel du flux magnétique généré par les bobines 62 passe par la partie centrale de la pièce plate 8. Le niveau d'induction sur les bords de la pièce plate 8 n'est donc pas très élevé. L'épaisseur des bords peut donc être diminuée sans pour autant provoquer de saturation magnétique pouvant modifier le comportement magnétique de la pièce plate 8 à la fermeture. Autrement dit, seule la matière qui ne conduit pas ou peu le flux magnétique lors de la fermeture du contacteur est enlevée. Cela permet d'obtenir une partie mobile allégée.The thickness of the flat part 8 is not homogeneous. In the example, the economy in terms of mass compared to a pallet with a uniform thickness is of the order of 15%. This does not affect or almost no magnetic performance because, when closing the contactor 2, most of the magnetic flux generated by the coils 62 passes through the central portion of the flat part 8. The induction level on the edges of the flat piece 8 is not very high. The thickness of the edges can therefore be reduced without causing magnetic saturation that can modify the magnetic behavior of the flat part 8 on closing. In other words, only the material that does not conduct or little magnetic flux when closing the contactor is removed. This makes it possible to obtain a lightened mobile part.

Avantageusement, la pièce plate est une palette rectangulaire comprenant deux petits côtés et deux grands côtés. Les deux petits côtés forment deux bords opposés B1 et B2 de la palette mobile 8. Les deux grands côtés forment deux bords opposés B3 et B4. Les bords B1 et B2 ont une épaisseur réduite par rapport à une zone centrale de la palette 8 où l'épaisseur est maximale. Les bords B1 et B2 sont délimités exclusivement par le premier étage 80 de la palette 8, alors que les bords B3 et B4 sont délimités conjointement par les deux étages 80 et 82. La surface S80 a une longueur, mesurée parallèlement aux bords longs B3 et B4, qui est supérieure à la longueur de la surface S82.Advantageously, the flat part is a rectangular pallet comprising two small sides and two long sides. The two short sides form two opposite edges B1 and B2 of the moving pallet 8. The two long sides form two opposite edges B3 and B4. The edges B1 and B2 have a reduced thickness relative to a central zone of the pallet 8 where the thickness is maximum. The edges B1 and B2 are delimited exclusively by the first stage 80 of the pallet 8, while the edges B3 and B4 are delimited jointly by the two stages 80 and 82. The surface S80 has a length, measured parallel to the long edges B3 and B4, which is greater than the length of the surface S82.

Grâce à l'allègement de matière, le temps d'ouverture du contacteur 2 est plus court que lorsque l'on utilise une partie mobile non allégée. Par ailleurs, le temps de fermeture est sensiblement identique puisque le comportement magnétique de la palette allégée 8 n'est pas ou peu impacté.Thanks to the material lightening, the opening time of the contactor 2 is shorter than when using a non-lightened moving part. Moreover, the closing time is substantially identical since the magnetic behavior of the lightened pallet 8 is not or only slightly impacted.

Dans l'exemple, l'épaisseur du premier étage 80 est identique à l'épaisseur du deuxième étage 82. L'épaisseur des bords B1 et B2 est donc égale à la moitié de l'épaisseur maximale de la pièce 8. Plus généralement, l'épaisseur du premier étage 80 doit être dimensionnée en fonction de la saturation admissible dans les bords par rapport à l'épaisseur maximale de la palette 8. En pratique, l'épaisseur du premier étage 80 est comprise entre 25% et 75% de l'épaisseur maximale de la palette 8, notamment entre 35% et 55%.In the example, the thickness of the first stage 80 is identical to the thickness of the second stage 82. The thickness of the edges B1 and B2 is therefore equal to half of the maximum thickness of the part 8. More generally, the thickness of the first stage 80 must be sized according to the saturation permissible in the edges with respect to the maximum thickness of the pallet 8. In practice, the thickness of the first stage 80 is between 25% and 75% of the maximum thickness of the pallet 8, especially between 35% and 55%.

Avantageusement, les deux étages de la pièce plate 8 sont formés par deux pièces de tôles superposées 80 et 82. La pièce de tôle 82 est plus courte que la pièce de tôle 80, la longueur étant mesurée parallèlement aux grands côtés B3 et B4 de la palette 8. Dans l'exemple, les deux pièces de tôle 80 et 82 sont soudées l'une avec l'autre, notamment grâce à un procédé de soudure laser.Advantageously, the two stages of the flat part 8 are formed by two superposed sheet metal parts 80 and 82. The sheet metal part 82 is shorter than the sheet metal part 80, the length being measured parallel to the long sides B3 and B4 of the pallet 8. In the example, the two sheet metal parts 80 and 82 are welded to one another, in particular by means of a laser welding process.

Avantageusement, le second étage 82 a une longueur L82 au moins égale à la longueur L61 de la partie fixe 6, cette longueur étant mesurée au niveau des noyaux 61. Les longueurs L82 et L61 sont mesurées selon une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe X10 et comprise dans le plan de la figure 1. Ainsi, le second étage 82 comprend des parties qui sont axialement en regard des noyaux 61 de la partie fixe 6.Advantageously, the second stage 82 has a length L82 at least equal to the length L61 of the fixed part 6, this length being measured at the level of the cores 61. The lengths L82 and L61 are measured in a direction perpendicular to the axis X10 and included in the plan of the figure 1 . Thus, the second stage 82 comprises parts that are axially opposite the cores 61 of the fixed part 6.

En configuration assemblée au sein du contacteur électrique, la pièce de tôle 80 est orientée du côté de la partie fixe 6 de l'actionneur 4, alors que la pièce de tôle 82 est orientée du côté du boîtier d'arc 18, c'est-à-dire du côté opposé à la partie fixe 6 de l'actionneur 4.In the assembled configuration in the electrical contactor, the sheet metal part 80 is oriented towards the fixed part 6 of the actuator 4, while the sheet metal part 82 is oriented towards the arc-shaped housing 18; on the opposite side to the fixed part 6 of the actuator 4.

Avantageusement, la pièce plate 8 comprend au moins un concentrateur de flux magnétique, de préférence au moins trois concentrateurs de flux magnétique.Advantageously, the flat part 8 comprises at least one magnetic flux concentrator, preferably at least three magnetic flux concentrators.

Dans l'exemple, la pièce plate comprend quatre concentrateurs de flux magnétique. Ces quatre concentrateurs de flux sont disposés aux quatre coins de la palette 8.In the example, the flat part comprises four magnetic flux concentrators. These four flux concentrators are arranged at the four corners of the pallet 8.

Chaque concentrateur de flux est un relief 80.2 formé sur une face S80 de la palette 8 orientée vers la partie fixe 6 de l'actionneur 4. Les reliefs 80.2 forment des surfaces d'appui de la partie mobile 8 sur la partie fixe 6. Avantageusement, chaque relief 80.2 est formé par emboutissage de tôle. Les reliefs 80.2 disposés du côté du bord B3 sont de forme oblongue et ronde: ils s'étendent parallèlement aux bords B1 et B2 de la palette 8. Les reliefs 80.2 disposés du côté du bord B4 sont de forme circulaire.Each flux concentrator is a relief 80.2 formed on a face S80 of the pallet 8 oriented towards the fixed part 6 of the actuator 4. The reliefs 80.2 form bearing surfaces of the movable part 8 on the fixed part 6. Advantageously each relief 80.2 is formed by stamping sheet metal. The reliefs 80.2 arranged on the side of the edge B3 are of oblong and round shape: they extend parallel to the edges B1 and B2 of the pallet 8. The reliefs 80.2 arranged on the side of the edge B4 are circular in shape.

Les reliefs 80.2 canalisent le flux magnétique généré par les bobines 62. En effet, environ 95% du flux magnétique passe par les reliefs 80.2. Cela permet, d'une part, d'optimiser la force magnétique qui maintient la partie mobile 8 en position fermée et ainsi de limiter la consommation des bobines 62 et, d'autre part, de limiter potentiellement les effets rémanents, c'est-à-dire la capacité de la palette 8 à conserver son aimantation.The reliefs 80.2 channel the magnetic flux generated by the coils 62. Indeed, about 95% of the magnetic flux passes through the reliefs 80.2. This makes it possible, on the one hand, to optimize the magnetic force which keeps the moving part 8 in the closed position and thus to limit the consumption of the coils 62 and, on the other hand, to potentially limit the residual effects, ie ie the ability of the pallet 8 to retain its magnetization.

Avantageusement, chaque concentrateur de flux magnétique 80.2 est disposé de façon à être axialement en regard de l'un des noyaux 61 de la partie fixe 6. Cela favorise le passage du flux magnétique à travers les concentrateurs de flux 80.2.Advantageously, each magnetic flux concentrator 80.2 is arranged to be axially facing one of the cores 61 of the fixed portion 6. This promotes the passage of the magnetic flux through the flux concentrators 80.2.

A titre de variante non représentée, un effet du même type peut être obtenu en utilisant une pièce en matériau amagnétique intercalée entre les parties fixes et mobiles, respectivement 6 et 8, de l'actionneur 4.As a variant not shown, an effect of the same type can be obtained by using a piece of non-magnetic material interposed between the fixed and movable parts, respectively 6 and 8, of the actuator 4.

La pièce de tôle 80 délimite deux trous traversants 80.1 pour le passage d'une extrémité des ressorts de rappel 24. Les ressorts 24 sont en appui contre des oreilles 82.1 de la seconde pièce de tôle 82, laquelle est disposée au-dessus de la pièce de tôle 80.The sheet metal part 80 delimits two through-holes 80.1 for the passage of one end of the return springs 24. The springs 24 bear against ears 82.1 of the second piece of sheet metal 82, which is arranged above the part of sheet 80.

Selon une autre variante non représentée, le premier étage 80 et le deuxième étage 82 sont d'un seul tenant. La partie mobile de l'actionneur est alors constituée par une pièce plate monobloc.According to another variant not shown, the first stage 80 and the second stage 82 are in one piece. The moving part of the actuator is then constituted by a one-piece flat piece.

Selon une autre variante non représentée, le premier étage 80 et le deuxième étage 82 peuvent être de formes différentes. Par exemple, le premier étage 80 peut être formé par une pièce de tôle carrée, alors que le deuxième étage 82 peut être un disque dont le contour est inscrit à l'intérieur du carré délimité par le premier étage. Selon un autre exemple, le premier étage 80 et le deuxième étage 82 peuvent être deux disques superposés de manière concentrique, le disque constitutif du premier étage 80 ayant alors un diamètre plus important que celui du disque constitutif du deuxième étage 82.According to another variant not shown, the first stage 80 and the second stage 82 may be of different shapes. For example, the first stage 80 may be formed by a piece of square sheet, while the second stage 82 may be a disc whose contour is inscribed within the square delimited by the first stage. According to another example, the first stage 80 and the second stage 82 may be concentrically superposed two disks, the constituent disk of the first stage 80 then having a greater diameter than that of the constituent disk of the second stage 82.

La palette rectangulaire 8 est fabriquée de la manière suivante. Les deux pièces de tôle 80 et 82 sont découpées séparément à partir de tôle laminée. La pièce de tôle 80 est ensuite emboutie pour la formation des reliefs 80.2 et percée pour la formation des trous 80.1. Les deux pièces de tôle 80 et 82 sont alors soudées l'une avec l'autre, par exemple en utilisant un procédé de soudure au laser. Avantageusement, les cordons de soudure sont réalisés au niveau des orifices 80.1 et sur une partie du bord B3.The rectangular pallet 8 is manufactured in the following manner. The two pieces of sheet metal 80 and 82 are cut separately from rolled sheet. The sheet metal part 80 is then stamped for the formation of the reliefs 80.2 and pierced for the formation of the holes 80.1. The two sheet pieces 80 and 82 are then welded to each other, for example using a laser welding process. Advantageously, the welding beads are made at the openings 80.1 and a portion of the edge B3.

A titre de variante, un procédé de soudure par points électriques peut aussi être utilisé pour joindre les deux pièces de tôle 80 et 82. Dans ce cas, les points de soudure sont formés au niveau de reliefs disposés sur la face de la pièce de tôle 82 qui est au contact de la pièce de tôle 80. Quatre points de soudure sont alors suffisants.Alternatively, an electric spot welding method can also be used to join the two sheet metal parts 80 and 82. In this case, the weld points are formed at the level of reliefs arranged on the face of the sheet metal part. 82 which is in contact with the sheet metal part 80. Four welding points are then sufficient.

Les deux pièces de tôle 80 et 82 peuvent également être collées, rivetées ou vissées ensemble.The two pieces of sheet metal 80 and 82 can also be glued, riveted or screwed together.

Les caractéristiques du mode de réalisation et des variantes envisagés ci-dessus peuvent être combinées entre elles pour générer de nouveaux modes de réalisation de l'invention.The features of the embodiment and alternatives contemplated above may be combined with one another to generate new embodiments of the invention.

Claims (13)

Partie mobile (8) d'un actionneur électromagnétique (4) pour un contacteur électrique (2), la partie mobile étant constituée par une pièce plate (8), par exemple découpée à partir d'une tôle laminée, la pièce plate comprenant un premier étage (80) destiné à être tourné vers une partie fixe (6) de l'actionneur (4) et un deuxième étage (82) accolé au premier étage selon un axe de déplacement (X10) de la partie mobile, une section pleine du deuxième étage, mesurée dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de déplacement (X10) de la partie mobile, étant inférieure à une section pleine du premier étage, caractérisée en ce que la pièce plate (8) est une palette rectangulaire délimitant deux bords longs (B3, B4) et deux bords courts (B1, B2) et en ce que le deuxième étage (82) a une longueur, mesurée parallèlement aux bords longs (B3, B4), qui est inférieure à la longueur du premier étage (80).Mobile part (8) of an electromagnetic actuator (4) for an electric contactor (2), the movable part being constituted by a flat piece (8), for example cut from a rolled sheet, the flat part comprising a first stage (80) intended to be turned towards a fixed part (6) of the actuator (4) and a second stage (82) attached to the first stage along an axis of displacement (X10) of the movable part, a solid section of the second stage, measured in a plane perpendicular to the axis of displacement (X10) of the movable part, being smaller than a solid section of the first stage, characterized in that the flat piece (8) is a rectangular pallet delimiting two edges long (B3, B4) and two short edges (B1, B2) and in that the second stage (82) has a length, measured parallel to the long edges (B3, B4), which is less than the length of the first stage ( 80). Partie mobile selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le rapport entre la section pleine du deuxième étage (82) et la section pleine du premier étage (80) est compris entre 25% et 75%.Mobile part according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio between the solid section of the second stage (82) and the solid section of the first stage (80) is between 25% and 75%. Partie mobile selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les deux étages de la pièce plate (8) sont formés par deux pièces de tôles superposées (80, 82).Movable part according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two stages of the flat part (8) are formed by two pieces of superposed sheets (80, 82). Partie mobile selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la pièce plate (8) comprend au moins un concentrateur de flux magnétique (80.2).Mobile part according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flat part (8) comprises at least one magnetic flux concentrator (80.2). Partie mobile selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que chaque concentrateur de flux est un relief (80.2) formé sur une surface (S80) de la pièce plate (8) orientée vers une partie fixe (6) de l'actionneur.Movable part according to the preceding claim, characterized in that each flux concentrator is a relief (80.2) formed on a surface (S80) of the flat part (8) oriented towards a fixed part (6) of the actuator. Partie mobile selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les deux étages (80, 82) de la palette sont en matériau ferromagnétique, notamment en tôle ferromagnétique.Movable part according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two stages (80, 82) of the pallet are made of ferromagnetic material, in particular ferromagnetic sheet. Actionneur électromagnétique (4) comprenant une partie fixe (6) et une partie mobile (8) selon l'une des revendications précédentes.Electromagnetic actuator (4) comprising a fixed part (6) and a movable part (8) according to one of the preceding claims. Actionneur selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la partie fixe comprend deux noyaux (61) autour desquels sont enroulés des bobines (62).Actuator according to Claim 7, characterized in that the fixed part comprises two cores (61) around which coils (62) are wound. Actionneur selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la partie mobile est selon la revendication 4 et en ce que chaque concentrateur de flux magnétique (80.2) est disposé de façon à être en regard de l'un des noyaux (61) de la partie fixe.Actuator according to claim 8, characterized in that the movable part is according to claim 4 and in that each magnetic flux concentrator (80.2) is arranged to face one of the cores (61) of the part fixed. Actionneur selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que le second étage (82) a une longueur (L82) au moins égale à la longueur (L61) de la partie fixe, mesurée au niveau des noyaux (61).An actuator according to Claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the second stage (82) has a length (L82) at least equal to the length (L61) of the fixed part as measured at the level of the cores (61). Contacteur électrique (2) comprenant un actionneur selon la revendication précédente.Electrical contactor (2) comprising an actuator according to the preceding claim. Contacteur électrique (2) selon la revendication précédente, comprenant un boitier d'arc (18) et des moyens (22) pour maintenir la partie fixe (6) de l'actionneur (4) au contact du boitier d'arc, ces moyens comprenant par exemple au moins un élément élastique (22).Electric contactor (2) according to the preceding claim, comprising an arc casing (18) and means (22) for holding the fixed part (6) of the actuator (4) in contact with the arc casing, these means comprising for example at least one elastic element (22). Contacteur selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que chaque élément élastique (22) s'étend à partir d'un socle (16) du contacteur et traverse une carte électronique (20) disposée entre le socle (16) et la partie fixe (6) de l'actionneur.Contactor according to the preceding claim, characterized in that each elastic element (22) extends from a base (16) of the contactor and passes through an electronic card (20) disposed between the base (16) and the fixed part ( 6) of the actuator.
EP17184609.0A 2016-08-04 2017-08-03 Electromagnetic actuator for an electric contactor Active EP3279907B1 (en)

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FR1657574A FR3054924B1 (en) 2016-08-04 2016-08-04 MOBILE PART OF AN ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATOR FOR AN ELECTRIC CONTACTOR, ACTUATOR INCLUDING SUCH PART AND CONTACTOR

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CN110783147B (en) * 2019-09-29 2021-03-23 华为技术有限公司 Direct current contactor and car

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EP3279907B1 (en) 2021-12-08
US20180040446A1 (en) 2018-02-08
FR3054924A1 (en) 2018-02-09
FR3054924B1 (en) 2020-12-04
US10381181B2 (en) 2019-08-13
JP7053187B2 (en) 2022-04-12
ES2904281T3 (en) 2022-04-04

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