EP3267435A1 - Rotary valve for brass wind instruments - Google Patents

Abstract

Rotary valve (1, 1 ', 1 ") for a brass instrument, comprising a rotor (2) rotatably mounted about a first axis of rotation (3), an actuator (4) pivotable about a first pivot (5) with the rotor (2) is connected and the first axis of rotation (3) to the first pivot axis (5) parallel to a distance (6) is arranged, wherein a ratio of the distance (6) to a maximum radius (7) of the rotor (2) at most 0, 4 is.

Description

The invention relates to rotary valves for brass instruments, comprising a rotatably mounted about a first axis of rotation rotor, wherein an actuating device is pivotally connected to the rotor about a first pivot axis and the first axis of rotation is arranged parallel to the first pivot axis at a distance therefrom.

Such rotary valves are known from the prior art, which finds application in the entire field of brass instruments, for example for trumpets, Flugelhorns, tenor horns, baritone, trombones, tubes or French horns. For a brass instrument playing a corresponding instrument, it is important to be able to play the instrument as well as possible with a reasonable effort and with a small lift of the valve pushers, by manipulating the valve poppers to adjust the position of the rotary valves.

It is accordingly an object of the present invention to provide a rotary valve for a brass instrument, which reduces the force of the brass and the stroke of the valve pushers, allows shorter switching times of the valve, and thereby a better sound result can be achieved.

This object is achieved according to the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims. The core idea of the invention is a rotary valve for a brass instrument comprising a rotor rotatably mounted about a first axis of rotation, wherein an actuator is pivotally connected to the rotor about a first pivot axis and the first axis of rotation is parallel to the first pivot axis at a distance therefrom to provide, wherein a ratio of the distance to a maximum radius of the rotor is at most 0.4.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the ratio is at most 0.35, more preferably at most 0.3, and particularly preferably at most 0.25.

By a rotor is meant the rotatable part of the rotary valve. In particular, the rotor has recesses or recesses into or through which the air can flow. The position of the rotor influences the direction of the air flow.

By actuating the actuating device, the rotary valve is correspondingly actuated and rotated about the first axis of rotation, so that an air flow within the brass instrument is diverted by at least fluidically connected valve trains on the rotary valves, the sound being diverted by a half tone, a whole tone by the diversion of the air flow or changed by one and a half tones. Usually, the rotary valve is rotated by 90 ° when actuated.

The less pusher stroke and force has to be applied by the player, the faster the rotary valves can be operated and the tone or the pitch can be set correspondingly faster.

This is inventively achieved in that the ratio of the distance to the maximum radius of the rotor is at most 0.4. For the respective type of brass instrument, here for example a trumpet, the rotary valves are designed independently of the manufacturer in a similar manner and with similar dimensions. In accordance with the invention, therefore, in order to obtain corresponding values according to the invention for the ratio between the distance and the maximum radius, the distance between the first axis of rotation and the first axis of rotation is changed.

In this case, the distance between the first axis of rotation and the first pivot axis corresponds to an attacking lever arm, wherein a force acts on the lever arm by actuation of the actuating device, so that a torque is generated.

In contrast to the prior art, the lever arm is shortened according to the invention and requires less force to rotate the rotor. The fact that less force is needed, the stroke of the valve pushers can be reduced. In particular, the stroke can be reduced by shortening the distance, the required path, which is required for the rotation of the rotary valve from a blocking position to a passage position, also shortened.

A further improvement of the rotation of the rotor, along with less effort for the brass, can be achieved according to a particularly preferred embodiment in that the rotor, which is arranged in a housing, is mounted with at least one ball bearing relative to the housing.

Alternatively or cumulatively, other bearings, such as bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, needle roller bearings, tapered roller bearings or roller bearings are conceivable.

By using such a bearing of the rotor relative to the housing, the friction of the rotor can be significantly reduced, so that correspondingly less force has to be expended by the fan to actuate the rotary valve.

According to a preferred embodiment, the rotor has a first shaft part at a first end and a second shaft part at a second end. In particular, the shaft parts have a radius which is smaller than the maximum radius of the rotor. The shaft parts are preferably aligned in the direction of the first axis of rotation. Furthermore, the at least one ball bearing or a corresponding other bearing is preferably arranged on the shaft parts.

The rotational properties of the rotor are significantly improved by the ball bearing or other bearing over the prior art. So far, only sliding bearings are known from the prior art, which require frequent and regular lubrication in order to keep the sliding friction low. By using ball bearings or corresponding bearings, frequent lubrication can be avoided, especially in the case of frequent playing of the instrument, so that a constant effort and a resulting resulting feeling for the fan is consistent.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the ball bearing or a corresponding other bearing on a certain bias.

Particularly advantageous, the bearing has an axial bias, so that the running accuracy of the bearing is increased. This can ensure that the air flow coming from an air pipe at the transition to the rotor, in particular at the recesses or recesses, no constriction of the diameter result due to a clearance, especially in the axial direction of the rotor. The rotor is already defined by the housing in the radial direction.

The stroke of the valve pushers according to the invention can be significantly reduced by changing the distance in relation to the maximum radius of the rotor. In particular, the stroke can be further reduced by the use of ball bearings or the like, so that the stroke can be reduced to about one-half to one-third of the previous known from the prior art stroke.

The force required to rotate the rotor, in particular relative to a housing, and according to a shortening of the distance between the first axis of rotation and the first pivot axis can be further reduced by reducing the mass of the rotor.

According to a preferred embodiment, the rotor is made of at least partially made of titanium and / or an oxide ceramic, for example aluminum oxide or zirconium oxide.

Such materials are corrosion resistant, so that contact with saliva, food particles and especially bacteria have almost no effect on the rotor.

Previously, such materials, in particular the ceramics, were not intended for use as a rotor in a rotary valve, as in prior art structures, high bearing forces act on the rotor, particularly when end stops are encountered which correspond to first and second positions of the rotary valve , The first position corresponds doing a position in which the air flow is not diverted by the valve train. The second position corresponds to a position in which the air flow is completely diverted through the valve train.

The end stops are connected to the housing. In the first position of the rotary valve, the actuating device is in operative contact with a first end stop and is connected to the rotor by means of the first pivot axis. By actuation of the actuator, the rotary valve is rotated about the first axis of rotation until the actuator reaches a second end stop and is stopped by the latter in the movement. The rotary valve is now in the second position. The second position corresponds to a rotation of the rotary valve in the first position by preferably 90 °. The forces when reaching the second end stop therefore act directly on the rotor and its storage. By such a configuration, therefore, high bearing forces act on the rotor, so that an application of easily refractive materials was not previously relevant.

These bearing forces can be significantly reduced by a novel design of the actuator.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the actuating device has a push rod, which is connected to a first rod end pivotally connected to the rotor by means of the first pivot axis, at least one compression spring which is arranged around the push rod, at least one stop element which is connected to the push rod and with a first and a second stop interacts, on, wherein the compression spring is at least in operative contact with a first spring end with the second stop.

The stop element may in this case be formed at least partially of silicone or another material which has good damping properties, so that the applied force is not transmitted as possible to other components.

Particularly preferably, the stop element between the first and the second stop is arranged.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the first and the second stop are connected to the housing. It is also conceivable that the first and the second Stop rigidly connected to the housing. The forces occurring, caused by the interaction of the stop element with the first and second stop, are absorbed and not transmitted via the first rod end, but transferred to the housing.

Particularly advantageously, the first and the second stop each have a passage opening through which the push rod protrudes. In addition, it is conceivable that the first and the second stop have a slot which preferably extends upwards in the vertical direction. In particular, the slot is designed such that in each case the first and the second stop is interrupted by the slot at least one point.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the stop element and the compression spring are structurally separated from each other by the second stop. Hereby, the stop element always interacts directly with the first and the second stop.

By means of the compression spring is generally reset the push rod and corresponding to the rotor from the second position to the first position. The compression spring therefore has a certain bias.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the bias of the compression spring is variable by an adjusting element.

The adjustment here limits the compression spring in its extension. Particularly preferably, the compression spring is bounded on the one hand by the second stop and on the other hand by the adjusting element. Instead of the adjustment, but it is also conceivable that the spring is limited by a constant element.

According to a further preferred embodiment, a second rod end of the push rod is connected to an actuating element. The actuating element is preferably at least one valve lever, wherein the rotor is rotated about the first axis of rotation by actuation of the actuating element or of the valve lever.

Further advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Fig. 1

eine Trompete mit drei Ventilen gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausfüh-rungsform;

Fig. 2

den Ausschnitt A gemäß Figur 1;

Fig. 3

den Schnitt entlang B-B gemäß Figur 2;

Fig. 4A

ein Drehventil in einer Seitenansicht;

Fig. 4B

das Drehventil gemäß Figur 4A in einem Schnitt entlang A-A;

Fig. 5

Ausschnitt A gemäß Figur 1 in einem Schnitt.

Other objects, advantages and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the drawings. Hereby show:

Fig. 1

a trumpet with three valves according to a particularly preferred embodiment;

Fig. 2

the section A according to FIG. 1 ;

Fig. 3

the section along BB according to FIG. 2 ;

Fig. 4A

a rotary valve in a side view;

Fig. 4B

the rotary valve according to FIG. 4A in a section along AA;

Fig. 5

Section A according to FIG. 1 in a cut.

In the figures, the same components are to be understood in each case with the corresponding reference numerals. For better clarity components may not be provided with a reference numeral in some figures, but have been designated elsewhere.

In the FIG. 1 1 shows a trumpet T in a top view with three rotary valves 1, 1 ', 1 "according to a particularly preferred embodiment, one valve train being arranged with the rotary valves 1, 1', 1", and the first valve train 22 being the first rotary valve 1 , with the second rotary valve 1 ', the second valve train 23 and with the third rotary valve 1 ", the third valve train 24. The more accurate air flow profile is shown in more detail in the following figures. an actuator 19 is provided, wherein each actuator 19 is pivotally connected to a suspension 25 about a second pivot axis 26. On the actuating element 19 is preferably a valve pusher

The section A of the FIG. 1 is in the FIG. 2 shown in an enlargement. In the FIG. 3 will be a cut along BB, as in the FIG. 2 shown, shown.

Again FIG. 3 can be seen, the rotor 2 is disposed within a housing 20 which comprises a first 32 and a second cover part 33. Preferably, this is the first cover part 32 fixedly connected to a side part 34 of the housing 20, whereas the second cover part 33 is detachably connected to the side part 34, preferably via a screw connection 35, so that the second cover part 33 can be unscrewed from the side part 34.

It is conceivable here that the first cover part 32 and the side part 34 are formed as a one-piece element. That is, a one-piece element may be present which has both the first lid part 32 and the side part 34.

It can also be seen that the rotor 2 is mounted by means of two ball bearings 8 relative to the housing 2. In particular, the rotor 2 for this purpose has a first 29 and a second shaft portion 30, wherein each of the first 29 and the second shaft portion 30 is connected to a ball bearing 8. The bearing of the rotor 2 is also shown in more detail in the following figures.

Next is the FIG. 3 can be seen that the first axis of rotation 3 and the first pivot axis 5 are arranged parallel to each other and at a distance 6. It should be noted here that the first pivot axis 5 is not fixedly arranged relative to the first axis of rotation 3, but is also rotated upon actuation of the rotary valve 1 about the first axis of rotation 3, since the first pivot axis 5 is connected to the rotor 2 by means of a Connecting element 36. The maximum radius 7 corresponds to a maximum extent of the rotor 2 seen in the width direction B.

Next, first rod end 10 of a push rod 9 is connected to the first pivot axis 5 and a second rod end 11 of the push rod 9 is connected to the actuating element 19. Upon actuation of the actuating element 19, ie a pivoting of the actuating element 19 about the second pivot axis 26, the second rod end 11 is likewise rotated about the second pivot axis 26, resulting in a movement in the height direction H and in the width direction B. Between the first 10 and second rod end 11, a stop element 13 is arranged on the push rod 9, which in turn is arranged between a first 14 and a second stop 15. The stops 14, 15 are connected to the housing 20, in particular the first cover part 32. Next, a compression spring 12 is arranged around the push rod 9, which is arranged with the second stop 15 and an adjusting element 18, wherein the adjusting element is not disposed between the first 14 and the second stop 15, but between the second stopper 15 and the second rod end 11th

The push rod 9 is preferably formed in the first position of the valve 1, 1 ', 1 "perpendicular to the first axis of rotation 3 and in the second position of the valve 1, 1', 1" aligned at an angle thereto.

In addition, the first 14 and the second stop have a passage opening 21, which is preferably substantially circular, oval, elliptical or the like, is formed. As already mentioned, it is also conceivable that the stops 14, 15 have an upwardly extending slot (not shown here). Preferably, the slot is in communication with the respective passage opening 21 and interrupts the respective stop. The passage openings 21 are formed larger than the diameter of the push rod 9, since the push rod 9 is not moved linearly by actuation of the actuating element 19, but in particular the second rod end 11 on a circular path about the second pivot axis 26 and the first rod end 10 on a circular path the first rotation axis 3.

The FIG. 4A 1 shows a rotary valve 1, 1 ', 1 "in the width direction B. The second rod end 11 comprises a ball head 37, so that the push rod 9 can follow the pivoting of the first 10 and the second rod end 11 FIG. 4B corresponds to the section along the plane AA according to FIG. 4A , According to the FIG. 4B the storage of the rotor 2 relative to the housing 20 is shown in more detail.

The first cover part 32 has a first passage 38, wherein the first shaft part 29 of the rotor 2 extends through the first passage 38. The first passage 38 is further configured such that a ball bearing 8 is connected to the first cover part 32. The rotor 2 is thus mounted by means of the ball bearing 8 with respect to the first cover part 32, so in particular mounted relative to the housing 20. The first shaft part 29 further has a first projection 39, which is in communication with an inner ring 41 of the ball bearing 8, whereby the shaft part 29 and thus the rotor 2 in the axial direction, ie the direction of extension of the first axis of rotation 3 is limited.

It is also conceivable that the side part 34 and the first lid part 32 are integrally formed. The side part 34 and the first cover part 32 therefore have no releasable connection.

The second shaft part 30 has, analogously to the first shaft part 29, a second projection 40, wherein the second projection 40 is connected to a further ball bearing 8.

The rotor 2 is securely stored in the region of the second shaft part 30 as follows. The side part 34 has on its seen in the height direction H lower end and on the inside of the housing 20, a receptacle 42, with which a spacer 43 can be connected, which is arranged due to the receptacle 42 relative to the side part 34 and corresponding to the housing 20 fixed is. The spacer 43 has a second passage 45 through which the rotor 2 extends. Next, the spacer 43 has a receptacle 44, by means of which the further ball bearing 8 relative to the spacer 43 can be positioned fixed. The ball bearing 8 is again in communication with the rotor 2 via the second shaft part 30, wherein the second shaft part 30 has a second projection 40, so that the ball bearing 8 with its inner ring 41 is at least operatively connected to the second projection. The second shaft portion 30 also has a bore 46, so that by means of a screw 47, a holding element 48 is connected to the inner ring 41 of the ball bearing 8, so that the ball bearing 8 and in particular the inner ring 41 on the one hand by means of the second projection 40 and on the other hand of the holding element 48 is rigidly connected to the second shaft part 30. The second cover part 33 is screwed to the side part 34, wherein the spacer 43 is fixed relative to the side part 34 by the second cover part 33. The spacer 43 is thus fixed on the one hand by the receptacle 42 of the side part 34 and on the other hand by the second cover member 33 in its position.

For further weight reduction, the spacer 43 may have material recesses 49.

It can also be seen that the stop element 13 has a first section 50, a second section 51 and a base element 52. In this case, the first 50 and the second portion 51 are formed of a good damping material, such as silicone or the like, wherein the base member 52 is disposed between the first 50 and the second portion 51. The first section 50 may be in operative contact with the first stop 14 and the second portion 51 are brought into operative contact with the second stopper 15. In the first position, the second section 51 is in operative contact with the second stop 15, whereas in the second position the first section 50 is in operative contact with the first stop 14.

In the FIG. 5 is schematically in a bottom view of the section A and a section thereof according to a plane parallel to the plane LB according to FIG. 1 the course of the air flow at non-actuated rotary valves 1, 1 ', 1 "shown .The air flow in this case flows through none of the valve trains 22, 23, 24th

As can also be seen, the valves 1, 1 ', 1 "at least in regions each have two complete bores with a diameter D. Because the bore is at least partially complete, that is circular in shape, turbulences of the air flow occurring can be minimized If one of the valves 1, 1 ', 1 "is rotated about the first axis of rotation 3, the air flow is deflected by the corresponding valve train 22, 23, 24 and the pitch is changed.

All disclosed in the application documents features are claimed as essential to the invention, provided they are new individually or in combination over the prior art.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

rotary valve

2

rotor

3

first axis of rotation

4

actuator

5

first pivot axis

6

distance

7

maximum radius

8th

ball-bearing

9

pushrod

10

first rod end

11

second rod end

12

compression spring

13

stop element

14

first stop

15

second stop

16

first spring end

17

second spring end

18

adjustment

19

jig

20

casing

21

Through opening

22

first valve train

23

second valve train

24

third valve train

25

suspension

26

second pivot axis

27

Air flow inlet

28

air flow outlet

29

first shaft part

30

second wave part

31

recess

32

first cover part

33

second cover part

34

side panel

35

screw

36

connecting member

37

ball head

38

first try

39

first advantage

40

second lead

41

inner ring

42

Recording side panel

43

spacer

44

Recording spacers

45

second passage

46

drilling

47

screw

48

retaining element

49

material recess

50

first section

51

second part

52

base element

53

valve depressor

Claims (9)

Rotary valve (1, 1 ', 1 ") for a brass instrument, comprising a rotor (2) rotatably mounted about a first axis of rotation (3), an actuating device (4) pivotable about a first pivot axis (5) with the rotor (2) is connected and the first axis of rotation (3) to the first pivot axis (5) is arranged parallel to a distance (6),
characterized in that
a ratio of the distance (6) to a maximum radius (7) of the rotor (2) is at most 0.4. Rotary valve (1, 1 ', 1 ") according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the ratio is at most 0.35, more preferably at most 0.3 and more preferably at most 0.25. Rotary valve (1, 1 ', 1 ") according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
the rotor (2) is arranged in a housing (20) and is mounted with at least one ball bearing, a rolling bearing, a cylindrical roller bearing, a needle bearing, a tapered roller bearing or a barrel bearing relative to the housing. Rotary valve (1, 1 ', 1 ") according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the actuating device (4) has a push rod (9), which is connected to a first rod end (10) pivotably connected to the rotor (2) about the first pivot axis (5), at least one compression spring (12) which surrounds the push rod (9). is arranged, at least one stop element (13) which is connected to the push rod (9) and with a first (14) and a second stop (15) interacts, wherein the compression spring (12) with a first spring end (16) is at least in operative contact with the second stop (15). Rotary valve (1, 1 ', 1 ") according to claim 4,
characterized in that
the compression spring (12) by an adjusting element (18) in its bias voltage is variable. Rotary valve (1, 1 ', 1 ") according to claim 4 or 5,
characterized in that
the stop element (13) and the compression spring (12) are structurally separated from each other by the second stop (15). Rotary valve (1, 1 ', 1 ") according to one of claims 4 to 6,
characterized in that
a second rod end (11) of the push rod (9) is connected to an actuating element (19). Rotary valve (1, 1 ', 1 ") according to one of claims 4 to 8,
characterized in that
the first (14) and second stop (15) are connected to the housing (20) and each have a passage opening (21) through which the push rod (9) protrudes. Rotary valve (1, 1 ', 1 ") according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the rotor (2) consists at least partially of titanium and / or an oxide ceramic.

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