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EP3128093B1 - Nachgespanntes betonelement und verfahren zum verbinden eines spannelements - Google Patents

Nachgespanntes betonelement und verfahren zum verbinden eines spannelements Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3128093B1
EP3128093B1 EP16182581.5A EP16182581A EP3128093B1 EP 3128093 B1 EP3128093 B1 EP 3128093B1 EP 16182581 A EP16182581 A EP 16182581A EP 3128093 B1 EP3128093 B1 EP 3128093B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheath
holding elements
outer cap
tubular extension
post
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EP16182581.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3128093A1 (de
Inventor
Felix L. Sorkin
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Individual
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Priority claimed from PCT/US2016/045174 external-priority patent/WO2017023940A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
    • E04C5/12—Anchoring devices
    • E04C5/122—Anchoring devices the tensile members are anchored by wedge-action

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates generally to post-tensioned, pre-stressed concrete construction.
  • the present disclosure relates specifically to anchors for use therein.
  • Many structures are built using concrete, including, for instance, buildings, parking structures, apartments, condominiums, hotels, mixed-use structures, casinos, hospitals, medical buildings, government buildings, research/academic institutions, industrial buildings, malls, roads, bridges, pavement, tanks, reservoirs, silos, sports courts, and other structures.
  • Prestressed concrete is structural concrete in which internal stresses are introduced to reduce potential tensile stresses in the concrete resulting from applied loads; prestressing may be accomplished by post-tensioned prestressing or pre-tensioned prestressing.
  • prestressing may be accomplished by post-tensioned prestressing or pre-tensioned prestressing.
  • a tension member is tensioned after the concrete has attained a desired strength by use of a post-tensioning tendon.
  • the post-tensioning tendon may include for example and without limitation, anchor assemblies, the tension member, and sheathes.
  • a tension member is constructed of a material that can be elongated and may be a single or a multi-strand cable.
  • the tension member may be formed from a metal or composite material, such as reinforced steel.
  • the post-tensioning tendon conventionally includes an anchor assembly at each end.
  • the post-tensioning tendon is fixedly coupled to a fixed anchor assembly positioned at one end of the post-tensioning tendon, the "fixed-end”, and stressed at the stressed anchor assembly positioned at the opposite end of the post-tensioning tendon, the "stressing-end" of the post-tensioning tendon.
  • Post-tension members are conventionally formed from a strand and a sheath.
  • the strand is conventionally formed as a single or multi-strand metal cable.
  • the strand is conventionally encapsulated within a polymeric sheath extruded thereabout to, for example, prevent or retard corrosion of the metal strand by protecting the metal strand from exposure to corrosive or reactive fluids.
  • the sheath may prevent or retard concrete from bonding to the strand and preventing or restricting movement of the sheath during post-tensioning.
  • the sheath may be filled with grease to further limit the exposure of the metal strand and allow for increased mobility.
  • the thermal expansion and contraction rates of the metal strand and polymeric sheath may differ.
  • the sheaths are formed by hot extrusion over the metal strand.
  • uneven thermal contraction may occur as the tendon cools.
  • cooling of the sheath may cause separation of the sheath from an anchorage, potentially exposing the metal strand to corrosive or reactive fluids.
  • the present disclosure provides for a post-tensioning tendon according to claim 1.
  • the present disclosure also provides for a method of coupling a tension member to an anchor for forming a post-tensioning tendon, according to claim 10.
  • post-tensioning tendon 11 may be positioned within concrete form 21.
  • Concrete form 21 is a form into which concrete may be poured to form concrete member 40.
  • Post-tensioning tendon 11 may include for example and without limitation fixed end anchor 13, tension member 15, and stressing end anchor 17.
  • fixed end anchor 13 may include fixed end anchor body 14.
  • Fixed-end anchor body 14 may be positioned within concrete form 21 such that fixed-end anchor body 14 will be encased in concrete 23 after concrete is poured into concrete form 21.
  • fixed end cap 19 may be positioned at distal end 41 of fixed end anchor body 14. Fixed end cap 19 may, in certain embodiments, protect tension member 15 from corrosion after concrete 23 is poured by preventing or retarding corrosive or reactive fluids or concrete from contacting tension member 15.
  • Stressing end anchor 17 may be positioned within concrete form 21 such that it is substantially surrounded by concrete 23.
  • Pocket former 25 may be positioned between stressing end anchor body 18 and end wall 22 of concrete form 21.
  • Pocket former 25 may be adapted to, for example and without limitation, prevent or restrict concrete 23 from filling the space between stressing end anchor body 18 and end wall 22, thus forming a cavity or pocket in edge 42 of concrete member 40 formed by concrete 23 within concrete form 21. Pocket former 25 may thus allow access to tension member 15 from outside concrete member 40 once concrete member 40 is sufficiently hardened and end wall 22 is removed.
  • the tension member 15 includes strand 27 and sheath 29.
  • Strand 27 may be a single or multi-strand metal cable.
  • Sheath 29 may be tubular or generally tubular and is positioned about strand 27. In some embodiments, space between strand 27 and sheath 29 may be filled or partially filled with a filler such as grease.
  • a length of sheath 29 may be removed from first end 43 of tension member 15, exposing strand 27.
  • Strand 27 is inserted through fixed end anchor 13 until sheath 29 engages with sheathing retention capsule 100.
  • Strand 27 may then be coupled to fixed end anchor 13 such as by the use of wedges.
  • Tension member 15 may be positioned within concrete form 21 and tension member 15 may be cut to correspond with the length of concrete form 21.
  • a length of sheath 29 may be removed from second end 44 of tension member 15, exposing strand 27.
  • Strand 27 is inserted through stressing end anchor 17 until sheath 29 engages with sheathing retention capsule 100 within stressing end anchor 17.
  • sheathing retention assembly 100 includes outer cap 101, one or more holding elements 103, and seal 119.
  • Outer cap 101 may be tubular or generally tubular.
  • Outer cap 101 may include a coupler for connecting to tubular extension 14 of stressing end anchor 17 through which tension member 15 may pass.
  • sheathing assembly 100 may be used in conjunction with fixed end anchor 13, as shown in FIG. 2B .
  • tubular extension 14 may be formed integrally with stressing end anchor 17.
  • tubular extension 14 may be formed separately from stressing end anchor 17 and may be coupled thereto by, for example and without limitation, a press fit, chemical or mechanical welding, a thread, detent, press lock, bayonet, or tab-and-slot connection.
  • Tubular extension 14 is coupled to outer cap 101 and may be coupled before tubular extension 14 is installed to stressing end anchor 17.
  • outer cap 101 may be coupled in a non-actuated position when tubular extension 14 is coupled to outer cap 101. In the non-actuated position, holding elements are positioned within outer cap 101 and the wedges may slide along sheath 29.
  • FIG. 5 A depicts outer cap 101 in non-actuated position.
  • Outer cap 101 may be moved into the actuated position by coupling to tubular extension 14 by a coupler, including for example and without limitation a thread, detent, press lock, bayonet, or tab-and-slot connection.
  • a coupler including for example and without limitation a thread, detent, press lock, bayonet, or tab-and-slot connection.
  • FIGs. 2A , 2B depict outer cap 101 in an actuated position.
  • the coupler is a tab-and-slot connection where outer cap 101 may include one or more slots 102 that may receive one or more corresponding tabs 104 formed on engaging surface 135 of tubular extension 14.
  • tabs 102 may be wedge-shaped to allow installation of outer cap 101 about tubular extension 14 while inhibiting removal of extension 14 therefrom.
  • outer cap 301 may include outer cap bayonet ramps 302. Outer cap bayonet ramps 302 may interconnect with corresponding tubular extension bayonet ramps 304 formed on tubular extension 14. Outer cap 101 may couple to tubular extension 14 through one or more intermediate components without deviating from the scope of this disclosure. In some embodiments, as depicted in FIG. 2 , outer cap 101 may include a tapered inner surface defined herein as forcing surface 115.
  • Holding elements 103 are positioned at least partially within outer cap 101.
  • Holding elements 103 may be wedge shaped.
  • Holding elements 103 include tapered surfaces that collectively form tapered outer surface 117. Tapered outer surface 117 abuts and corresponds with forcing surface 115.
  • Holding elements 103 may be spaced apart within sheathing retention assembly 100 or may be placed in abutment. Holding elements 103 are positioned within sheathing retention assembly 100 such that tapered outer surface 117 abuts forcing surface 115.
  • Forcing surface 115 and outer surface 117 of holding elements 103 is positioned such that as outer cap 101 is installed in the actuated position onto tubular extension 14, the taper of forcing surface 115 and the taper of the outer surface 117 of holding elements 103 serves to bias or push holding elements 103 inward into contact with sheath 29, thus, in some embodiments, increasing normal force between holding elements 103 and sheath 29.
  • Inner surfaces 120 of holding elements 103 may collectively form inner face 109.
  • Inner face 109 may be continuous or discontinuous depending on the specific arrangement of holding elements 103.
  • Inner face 109 may have inner face diameter 122 generally corresponding with, i.e., approximately equal to, outer diameter 124 of sheath 29.
  • holding elements 103 may include one or more surface features on inner face 109 that may increase the static friction between the outer surface 126 of sheath 29 and holding elements 103.
  • the surface features may include, for example and without limitation, teeth 111.
  • Teeth 111 may be one or more grooves, protrusions, or ridges that contact outer surface 126 of sheath 29 and, in some embodiments, press into outer surface 126 of sheath 29, thus increasing the retention force between holding elements 103 and sheath 29.
  • sheathing retention assembly 100 may also include seal 119.
  • Seal 119 may be positioned to seal between sheath 29 and tubular extension 14 and may further be positioned between outer cap 101 and holding elements 103. Seal 119 may be annular or generally annular and fit into recess 128 formed between outer cap 101, tubular extension 14, and sheath 29. In some embodiments, seal 119 may be positioned such that as outer cap 101 is installed into the actuated position onto tubular extension 14, seal 119 is compressed between tubular extension 14, sheath 29, and outer cap 101. Seal 119 may protect tension member 15 from corrosion after concrete 23 (shown in FIG. 1B ) is poured, such as by inhibiting fluid ingress into the interior of sheath 29. Additionally, seal 119 may inhibit concrete 23 from entering tension member 15. In some embodiments, seal 119 may form a press fit with outer cap 101. In some such embodiments, seal 119 may retain holding elements 103 within outer cap 101 prior to installation thereof.
  • holding element 203 of sheathing retention assembly 200 may be positioned about only a portion of sheath 29.
  • holding element 203 may be a single wedge 206.
  • Wedge 206 may press against sheath 29 when compressed.
  • outer body 201 may include holding surface 202 positioned in opposition to wedge 206 to provide an opposing force on sheath 29 as wedge 206 engages sheath 29.
  • one or more holding elements 103 may be formed as one or more wedges 106 as depicted in FIG. 4A .
  • At least one wedge 106 may be arcuate.
  • wedges 106 may include partial split 108 to allow wedge 106 to flex as depicted in FIG. 4B when compressed. Partial split 108 may extend from first end 140 of wedge 106 but not to second end 142 of wedge 106. This flexure may allow for deformation of wedge 106, and increased contact of wedge 106 with sheath 29.
  • the inner diameter of wedge 106 may be less than outer diameter 124 of sheath 29 to allow for a friction fit or press fit. The inner diameter of wedge 106 is the inner diameter of wedge 106 were it to extend circumferentially.
  • Split 108 may allow deformation of wedge 106 to allow the inner diameter of wedge 106 thereof to more closely match outer diameter 124 of sheath 29.
  • sheathing retention assembly 300 may further include spacing collet 321.
  • Spacing collet 321 may be positioned at least partially within outer cap 301.
  • Spacing collet 321 may be tubular or generally tubular and may form a friction fit with the outer surface 126 of sheath 29.
  • Spacing collet 321 may be positioned to fit within flanges 323 formed on holding elements 303. Spacing collet 321 may thus retain holding elements 303 in an open position while sheath 29 is installed into sheathing retention assembly 300, allowing sheath 29 to more easily move through holding elements 303 until outer cap 301 is installed to tubular extension 14.
  • seal 319 may include spacing flange 325 adapted to fit into end flanges 327 formed on holding elements 303. Seal 319 may thus retain holding elements 303 in an open position until outer cap 301 is installed to tubular extension 14. Furthermore, inward movement of holding elements 303 may cause spacing flange 325 to contact outer surface 126 of sheath 29.
  • holding element 303 may be formed from a plurality of pieces.
  • holding element 303 may include wedged piece 306 and die face piece 308.
  • Wedged piece 306 may have tapered outer surface 310 and flat inner surface 312, where outer surface 314 of die face piece 308 may be flat.
  • wedged piece 306 may be bonded to die face 308.
  • sheath retention assembly 100 may be coupled to fixed end anchor 13 before fixed end anchor 13 is positioned within concrete form 21 as depicted in FIG. 1A when tension member 15 is preinstalled into fixed end anchor 13.
  • a second sheath retention assembly 100 is positioned about tension member 15 before tension member 15 is passed through stressing end anchor 17.
  • Tension member 15 may be passed through stressing end anchor 17.
  • Outer cap 101 is coupled to tubular extension 14 of stressing end anchor 17, causing holding elements 103 to engage outer surface 126 of sheath 29, retaining sheath 29 to stressing end anchor 17.
  • seal 119 may also seal between at least outer surface 126 of sheath 29 and tubular extension 14. Contraction of sheath 29 may allow holding elements 103 to engage forcing surface 115, increasing the normal force between holding elements 103 and sheath 29, thus increasing the friction therebetween.
  • sheathing retention assembly 100 may be utilized with any anchor for a post-tensioned concrete member including a fixed end anchor or stressing end anchor. Furthermore, sheathing retention assembly 100 may be used with an intermediate anchor as understood in the art.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Nachspannglied (11), das Folgendes umfasst:
    ein Spannelement (15) mit einem Strang (27) und einem Mantel (29), wobei der Mantel (29) eine Außenfläche (126) aufweist;
    einen Anker (13, 17), der mit einem Ende des Spannelements (15) gekoppelt ist, wobei der Anker (13, 17) eine rohrförmige Verlängerung (14) aufweist, durch die das Spannelement (15) geleitet wird; und
    eine Mantelungshalterungsbaugruppe (100, 200, 300), die Folgendes beinhaltet:
    eine Außenkappe (101, 301), wobei die Außenkappe (101, 301) eine konische Druckfläche (115) aufweist, wobei die Außenkappe (101, 301) mit der rohrförmigen Verlängerung (14) gekoppelt ist; und
    ein oder mehrere Halteelemente (103, 203, 303), die wenigstens teilweise in der Außenkappe (101, 301) positioniert sind, wobei die ein oder mehreren Halteelemente (103, 203, 303) jeweils eine konische Außenfläche (117) haben, die an der konischen Druckfläche (115) anliegt, wobei die ein oder mehreren Haltelemente (103, 203, 303) jeweils eine Innenfläche (120) aufweisen, die an der Außenfläche (126) des Mantels (29) angreift, wobei das Nachspannglied dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass
    während die Außenkappe (101, 301) in der betätigten Position auf der rohrförmigen Verlängerung (14) installiert ist, die Konizität der Druckfläche (115) und die Konizität der Außenfläche (117) der Halteelemente (103, 203, 303) den Zweck haben, die Halteelemente (103, 203, 303) einwärts in Kontakt mit dem Mantel (29) zu schieben oder vorzuspannen.
  2. Nachspannglied (11) nach Anspruch 1 mit mehreren Halteelementen (103, 203, 303), wobei die Innenflächen (120) der mehreren Halteelemente (103, 203, 303) eine Innenseite (109) bilden; wobei die Innenseite (109) optional Zähne hat, wobei die Zähne der Innenseite (109) die Außenfläche (126) des Mantels (29) kontaktieren.
  3. Nachspannglied (11) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die Außenkappe (101, 301) durch eine Kupplung, die aus der Gruppe bestehend aus einer Gewinde-, Rast-, Pressverriegelungs-, Bajonett- oder Vorsprung-und-Schlitz-Kupplung ausgewählt ist, mit der rohrförmigen Verlängerung (14) gekoppelt wird.
  4. Nachspannglied (11) nach Anspruch 3, wobei:
    die rohrförmige Verlängerung (14) eine Eingriffsfläche (135) hat und wobei die Kupplung eine Vorsprung-und-Schlitz-Kupplung ist, wobei die Vorsprung-und-Schlitz-Kupplung Folgendes umfasst:
    einen oder mehrere Schlitze (102), die in der Außenkappe (101) ausgebildet sind; und
    einen oder mehrere Vorsprünge (104), die an einer Angriffsfläche (135) der rohrförmigen Verlängerung (14) ausgebildet sind, wobei die ein oder mehreren Schlitze (102) die ein oder mehreren Vorsprünge (104) aufnehmen; und/oder
    die Kupplung eine Bajonettkupplung ist, wobei die Bajonettkupplung Folgendes umfasst:
    eine oder mehrere Außenkappen-Bajonettrampen (302), die auf der Außenkappe (301) positioniert sind; und
    eine oder mehrere rohrförmige Verlängerungsrampen (304), die auf der rohrförmigen Verlängerung (14) positioniert sind, wobei die Außenkappen-Bajonettrampen (302) mit den ein oder mehreren rohrförmigen Verlängerungsbajonettrampen (304) verbunden werden.
  5. Nachspannglied (11) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, das ferner eine Dichtung (119, 319) umfasst, wobei die Dichtung (119, 319) in der Außenkappe (101, 301) positioniert ist, wobei die Dichtung (119, 319) ferner zwischen der Außenfläche (126) des Mantels (29) und der rohrförmigen Verlängerung (14) positioniert ist.
  6. Nachspannglied (11) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei die ein oder mehreren Halteelemente (103, 203, 303) bogenförmige Keile (206) sind.
  7. Nachspannglied (11) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei die bogenförmigen Keile eine Teilspaltung (108) aufweisen.
  8. Nachspannglied (11) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei jedes der ein oder mehreren Halteelemente (303) ferner einen Flansch (323) umfasst, wobei die Mantelungshalterungsbaugruppe (300) ferner eine Abstandshülse (321) umfasst, wobei die Abstandshülse (321) in der Außenkappe (301) positioniert und so positioniert ist, dass sie in die Flansche (323) der ein oder mehreren Halteelemente (303) passt.
  9. Nachspannglied (11) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei wenigstens eines der ein oder mehreren Halteelemente (303) ein Keil ist, wobei das wenigstens eine Halteelement (303) ein keilförmiges Stück (306) und ein Matrizenaufsatzstück (308) aufweist, wobei das keilförmige Stück (306) eine konische Außenfläche (310) und eine flache Innenfläche (312) hat, wobei das Matrizenaufsatzstück (308) einen flachen äußeren Abschnitt aufweist, wobei das keilförmige Stück (306) und das Matrizenaufsatzstück (308) geklebt sind.
  10. Verfahren zum Koppeln eines Spannelements (15) mit einem Anker zum Bilden eines Nachspanngliedes (11), das Folgendes beinhaltet:
    Bereitstellen des Spannelements (15), wobei das Spannelement (15) einen Strang (27) und einen Mantel (29) aufweist, wobei der Mantel (29) eine Außenfläche (126) hat;
    Bereitstellen des Ankers (13, 17), wobei der Anker (13, 17) eine rohrförmige Verlängerung (14) aufweist;
    Positionieren einer Außenkappe (101, 301) um eine rohrförmige Verlängerung (14) in einer nicht betätigten Position, wobei die Außenkappe (101, 301) eine konische Druckfläche (115) aufweist;
    Koppeln der Außenkappe (101, 301) mit der rohrförmigen Verlängerung (14), um dadurch die Außenkappe (101, 301) in eine betätigte Position zu bewegen;
    Positionieren von einem oder mehreren Halteelementen (103, 203, 303) wenigstens teilweise in der Außenkappe (101, 301), wobei die ein oder mehreren Haltelemente (103, 203, 303) jeweils eine konische Außenfläche (117) haben, die an der konischen Druckfläche (115) anliegt, wobei die ein oder mehreren Halteelemente (103, 203, 303) jeweils eine Innenfläche (120) aufweisen, die an der Außenfläche (126) des Mantels (29) angreift;
    Führen des Endes des Spannelements (15) durch die rohrförmige Verlängerung (14);
    Koppeln der Außenkappe (101, 301) mit der rohrförmigen Verlängerung (14); wobei das Verfahren gekennzeichnet ist durch
    Installieren der Außenkappe (101, 301) in der betätigten Position auf der rohrförmigen Verlängerung (14), so dass die Konizität der Druckfläche (115) und die Konizität der Außenfläche (117) der Halteelemente (103, 203, 303) zum Drücken oder Vorspannen der Halteelemente (103, 203, 303) einwärts in Kontakt mit dem Mantel (29) dient.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, das ferner Folgendes beinhaltet:
    Aufbringen einer Zugkraft auf den Mantel (29), um dadurch die ein oder mehreren Halteelemente (103, 203, 303) mit der Druckfläche (115) in Eingriff zu bringen; und/oder
    Positionieren einer Dichtung (119, 319) in der Außenkappe (101, 301) und ferner Positionieren der Dichtung (119, 319) zwischen der Außenfläche (126) des Mantels (29) und der rohrförmigen Verlängerung (14).
  12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10 oder Anspruch 11, wobei:
    die Mantelhalterungsbaugruppe (200) ein einzelnes Halteelement (203) umfasst und wobei das einzelne Halteelement (203) ein einzelner Keil (206) ist, wobei das Verfahren ferner Folgendes beinhaltet:
    Positionieren des einzelnen Keils (206) um nur einen Abschnitt des Mantels (29);
    Positionieren einer Haltefläche (202) gegenüber dem einzelnen Keil (206); und
    Komprimieren des einzelnen Keils (206) gegen den Mantel (29).
  13. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12, das ferner Folgendes beinhaltet:
    Positionieren einer Abstandshülse (321) wenigstens teilweise in der Außenkappe (301); und
    Bilden einer Friktionspassung zwischen der Abstandshülse (321) und der Außenfläche (126) des Mantels (29).
  14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10 oder 11, wobei jedes der ein oder mehreren Haltelemente (103, 203, 303) ein Keil ist und wobei jeder Keil eine Teilspaltung (108) aufweist, wobei das Verfahren ferner Folgendes beinhaltet: Komprimieren der ein oder mehreren Keile, um die ein oder mehreren Keile zu biegen, um dadurch den Kontakt zwischen dem Keil und dem Mantel (29) zu vergrößern.
EP16182581.5A 2015-08-04 2016-08-03 Nachgespanntes betonelement und verfahren zum verbinden eines spannelements Active EP3128093B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201562200975P 2015-08-04 2015-08-04
PCT/US2016/045174 WO2017023940A1 (en) 2015-08-04 2016-08-02 Sheathing lock end cap
US15/226,594 US10145114B2 (en) 2015-08-04 2016-08-02 Sheathing lock end cap

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3128093A1 EP3128093A1 (de) 2017-02-08
EP3128093B1 true EP3128093B1 (de) 2019-11-20

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US12054947B1 (en) * 2024-01-08 2024-08-06 King Faisal University Multi-layer wedge anchorage for FRP plates and FRP tendons

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4773198A (en) * 1986-09-05 1988-09-27 Continental Concrete Structures, Inc. Post-tensioning anchorages for aggressive environments
US20020007604A1 (en) * 2000-07-21 2002-01-24 Wallstein Alexander I. Intermediate anchorage for concrete structures
US6381912B1 (en) * 2000-12-29 2002-05-07 Felix L. Sorkin Apparatus and method for sealing an intermediate anchor of a post-tension anchor system
ES2568765T3 (es) * 2001-03-23 2016-05-04 Samwoo Geotech. Co Anclaje interno para un elemento de tensión

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