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EP3034750B1 - Door actuator - Google Patents

Door actuator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3034750B1
EP3034750B1 EP14198690.1A EP14198690A EP3034750B1 EP 3034750 B1 EP3034750 B1 EP 3034750B1 EP 14198690 A EP14198690 A EP 14198690A EP 3034750 B1 EP3034750 B1 EP 3034750B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
door operator
operator according
roller carrier
roller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14198690.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3034750A1 (en
Inventor
Volker Bienek
Alexander Hellwig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dormakaba Deutschland GmbH
Original Assignee
Dormakaba Deutschland GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dormakaba Deutschland GmbH filed Critical Dormakaba Deutschland GmbH
Priority to ES14198690.1T priority Critical patent/ES2631687T3/en
Priority to EP14198690.1A priority patent/EP3034750B1/en
Priority to US14/969,741 priority patent/US9790723B2/en
Priority to CN201510934127.5A priority patent/CN105715136B/en
Publication of EP3034750A1 publication Critical patent/EP3034750A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3034750B1 publication Critical patent/EP3034750B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
    • E05F3/18—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with counteracting springs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
    • E05F3/04—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
    • E05F3/04—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes
    • E05F3/10—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes with a spring, other than a torsion spring, and a piston, the axes of which are the same or lie in the same direction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
    • E05F3/04—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes
    • E05F3/10—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes with a spring, other than a torsion spring, and a piston, the axes of which are the same or lie in the same direction
    • E05F3/104—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes with a spring, other than a torsion spring, and a piston, the axes of which are the same or lie in the same direction with cam-and-slide transmission between driving shaft and piston within the closer housing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
    • E05F3/16—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with friction brakes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a door operator with a housing and at least one linearly guided in the housing piston, in which a roller carrier is arranged with a rotatably mounted pressure roller, wherein the piston is formed as a deep-drawn component and having a bottom and a peripheral wall.
  • the piston consists of a deep-drawn component with a bottom and a peripheral wall.
  • a roller carrier is arranged, which carries a pressure roller.
  • the roller carrier with the pressure roller is inserted from the bottom opposite the open side into the piston so that the pressure roller projects beyond the open side of the piston to the outside.
  • a door operator with a housing and at least one linearly guided in the housing piston, in which a roller carrier is arranged with a rotatably mounted pressure roller, wherein the piston is formed as a deep-drawn component and having a bottom and a peripheral wall, according to the invention, in that a recess is provided in the bottom through which the pressure roller projects outwardly beyond the bottom of the piston.
  • roller carrier is substantially U-shaped - preferably as a stamped and bent part - formed.
  • the free legs of the roller carrier are according to an advantageous development on the ground outwards and are laterally fixed by the recess. This results in a solid and stable lateral guidance of the roller carrier or the pressure roller.
  • roller carrier or the pressure roller are held securely in the axial direction of the piston are, according to a preferred Design the free legs of the roller carrier provided with lateral shoulders, which serve to support the roller carrier on the inside of the floor.
  • roller carrier is securely held and guided both in the radial and in the axial direction of the piston.
  • the peripheral wall of the piston Umbördelept are arranged, which serve to support the roller carrier. This beading can also serve for axial and rotationally secure guidance of the roller carrier and also prevent esp. During assembly of the roller carrier can fall out of the piston with the pressure roller.
  • the pressure roller is mounted via a bolt in the roller carrier, wherein the bolt is supported in its axial direction on the recess. This ensures a safe storage and alignment of the pressure roller and also prevents loss of the bearing pin.
  • the piston can be arranged according to a preferred embodiment, a support plate which bears against the roller carrier. Since the roller carrier is usually acted upon by a spring, a flat contact of the spring on the roller carrier can be achieved by this measure. Further, since the open side of the piston is oriented in the direction of the spring, due to the thin wall of the piston, the spring can partially submerge in this, so that saves significant length of the door actuator and / or the guide length of the piston can be increased.
  • the closed side of the piston, which has the recess for the pressure roller is the cam axis oriented, which gives stability there to the piston, to absorb the lateral forces, which are mainly present at the location of the roller center laterally in the housing.
  • the support plate can advantageously also be supported and guided on the beadings in the circumferential wall of the piston.
  • the beadings esp. During assembly prevent loss of the support plate.
  • the support plate is advantageously formed as a stamped part.
  • the support plate can be brought into operative connection with a spring, which extends through the open side of the piston into it.
  • a spring which extends through the open side of the piston into it.
  • a check and / or pressure limiting valve can be arranged in the support plate.
  • impressions for receiving bearing shells and / or other components can be provided in addition to the recess.
  • the piston can preferably also be designed as a slip-on component.
  • the piston consists of a sheet metal part.
  • FIG. 1 shown door operator 1 is explained in the following description only in so far as he is in the present case of interest.
  • the door operator 1 which may be, for example, a door closer with cam technology, has a housing 2, in which inter alia a piston 3 is mounted longitudinally displaceable.
  • a piston 3 is mounted longitudinally displaceable.
  • two pistons 3 are present, but which are constructed substantially the same.
  • the pistons 3 are each acted upon by a spring 4, which urge them in the direction of a cam disc 5, which is fastened to a pivot axis 6 for a door linkage.
  • a first embodiment of the piston 3 is in the FIGS. 2 to 4 shown in detail.
  • the piston 3 consists of a deep-drawn or stülp cleansingen sheet metal part, which cuppf- or cup-shaped and has a bottom 3a and a peripheral wall 3b.
  • a roller carrier 7 is arranged, which carries a pressure roller 8.
  • the roller carrier 7 is formed substantially U-shaped with free screws 7a and made of a stamped and bent part.
  • the pressure roller 8 is rotatably mounted on a pin 9, which in turn is mounted in the free legs 7a of the U-shaped roller carrier 7.
  • a recess 10 is arranged, through which the pressure roller 8 projects beyond the bottom 3a of the piston 3 to the outside.
  • the recess 10 is provided with two opposite lateral protrusions 10a, in which the free legs 7a of the U-shaped roller carrier 7 protrude such that the free legs 7a are enclosed on three sides by the bulges 10a.
  • the roller carrier 7 is fixed in the recess 10 in the lateral direction.
  • the roller carrier 7 has at its free legs 7a laterally projecting paragraphs 7b, via which the roller carrier 7 can be supported on the inside of the bottom 3a.
  • a support plate 11 is arranged, which may be formed as a stamped part and which rests against the roller carrier 7.
  • a check and / or pressure relief valve may be arranged, if it is a hydraulically operated door operator 1.
  • Umbördelungen 12 are provided in the peripheral wall 3b of the piston, which serve to support the roller carrier 7 and the support plate 11. These beads 12 can also be used for a torsion-resistant guidance of roller carrier 3 and / or support plate 11.
  • the roller carrier 7 with the pressure roller 8 and the support plate 11 are inserted from the open side into the piston 3. The parts can then be securely held in place by means of the beads 12.
  • the spring 4 extends from the open side into the piston 3 and rests against the support plate 11.
  • the shoulders 7b of the roller carrier 7 are pressed to the inside of the bottom 3a, while the free legs 7a are guided in the protrusions 10a in the longitudinal direction and held in the transverse direction.
  • FIGS. 5 to 7 a second embodiment of the piston 3 is shown in detail.
  • the piston 3 according to this embodiment substantially corresponds to that in the FIGS. 2 to 4 shown embodiment.
  • impressions 13 are provided in this second embodiment in addition to the recess 10, which provide space for receiving bearing shells and / or other components.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 is a longitudinal section of the door operator 2 shown in two different positions of the cam 5 to illustrate a further advantage of a door actuator 1 according to the invention.
  • FIG. 9 the balance of power in a door actuator 1 shown with cam technology.
  • the frictional forces F r reduce counter to the respective direction of movement stored in the spring 4 spring force or increase the compression of the spring 4 required opening moment M.
  • a lower tilting effect of the piston 3 thus reduces wear, as a result of which the operating contamination of the hydraulic oil also remains low.
  • lower support forces A and B allow the selection of cheaper materials for the housing 2 and the piston 3.
  • Surface treatments can also be reduced or completely omitted.
  • results can be reduced by reducing the bearing forces A and B burial of the piston 3 in the wall of the housing 2 due to excessive tilting movement and material overload.
  • Conventional, machined pistons dig with their production-related bevel by the tilting of the piston in the housing 2, whereby impurities and contamination arise.
  • the entire system is stabilized and relaxed, as in the case of a "beam on two supports" by longer distances L1 and L2 of the supports and the associated central force introduction.
  • the roller-side normal force F n at the piston radius is lower and the piston 3 runs straighter.
  • the normal force F n is introduced at the point of the roller pin center.
  • the friction force F r acts against the direction of movement of the piston 3 and reduces the desired spring force of the spring 4th

Landscapes

  • Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Türbetätiger mit einem Gehäuse und zumindest einem in dem Gehäuse linear geführten Kolben, in dem ein Rollenträger mit einer drehbeweglich gelagerten Druckrolle angeordnet ist, wobei der Kolben als Tiefziehbauteil ausgebildet ist und einen Boden und eine Umfangswandung aufweist.The present invention relates to a door operator with a housing and at least one linearly guided in the housing piston, in which a roller carrier is arranged with a rotatably mounted pressure roller, wherein the piston is formed as a deep-drawn component and having a bottom and a peripheral wall.

Ein derartiger Türbetätiger ist aus EP2738334 bekannt. Bei diesem Türbetätiger besteht der Kolben aus einem tiefgezogenen Bauteil mit einem Boden und einer Umfangswandung. In dem Kolben ist ein Rollenträger angeordnet, der eine Druckrolle trägt. Dabei ist der Rollenträger mit der Druckrolle derart von der dem Boden gegenüberliegenden offenen Seite her in den Kolben eingesetzt, dass die Druckrolle über die offene Seite des Kolbens nach außen übersteht.Such a door operator is off EP2738334 known. In this door operator, the piston consists of a deep-drawn component with a bottom and a peripheral wall. In the piston, a roller carrier is arranged, which carries a pressure roller. In this case, the roller carrier with the pressure roller is inserted from the bottom opposite the open side into the piston so that the pressure roller projects beyond the open side of the piston to the outside.

Bei diesem bekannten Stand der Technik ist die Lagerung und insbes. die axiale Führung des Rollenträgers mit der Druckrolle innerhalb des Kolbens aufwändig gestaltet.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Türbetätiger der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, bei dem die Lagerung und insbes. die axiale Führung des Rollenträgers mit der Druckrolle innerhalb des Kolbens einfach und kostengünstig sowie funktionell günstig und Bauraum sparend realisiert werden kann.In this known prior art, the storage and esp. The axial guidance of the roller carrier with the pressure roller within the piston is elaborately designed.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a door operator of the type mentioned, in which the storage and esp. The axial guidance of the roller carrier with the pressure roller within the piston can be realized simply and inexpensively and functionally low and space saving.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Türbetätiger mit einem Gehäuse und zumindest einem in dem Gehäuse linear geführten Kolben, in dem ein Rollenträger mit einer drehbeweglich gelagerten Druckrolle angeordnet ist, wobei der Kolben als Tiefziehbauteil ausgebildet ist und einen Boden und eine Umfangswandung aufweist, erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass in dem Boden eine Aussparung vorgesehen ist, durch welche die Druckrolle über den Boden des Kolbens nach außen vorsteht.This object is achieved by a door operator with a housing and at least one linearly guided in the housing piston, in which a roller carrier is arranged with a rotatably mounted pressure roller, wherein the piston is formed as a deep-drawn component and having a bottom and a peripheral wall, according to the invention, in that a recess is provided in the bottom through which the pressure roller projects outwardly beyond the bottom of the piston.

Infolge dieser Ausgestaltung kann der beim Tiefziehprozess notwendigerweise erzeugte Boden funktionell genutzt werden, um eine Lagerung und insbes. eine axiale und radiale Führung des Rollenträgers mit der Druckrolle innerhalb des Kolbens einfach und kostengünstig sowie funktionell günstig und Bauraum sparend realisieren.As a result of this configuration, the bottom necessarily produced during the deep-drawing process can be used functionally to realize a storage and esp. An axial and radial guidance of the roller carrier with the pressure roller within the piston simple and inexpensive and functionally cheap and space saving.

Die Unteransprüche haben vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung zum Inhalt.The dependent claims have advantageous developments of the invention to the content.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist der Rollenträger im Wesentlichen U-förmig - bevorzugt als Stanzbiegeteil - ausgebildet.According to an advantageous embodiment of the roller carrier is substantially U-shaped - preferably as a stamped and bent part - formed.

Die freien Schenkel des Rollenträgers stehen gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung über den Boden nach außen vor und sind durch die Aussparung seitlich fixiert. Dies ergibt eine feste und stabile seitliche Führung des Rollenträgers bzw. der Druckrolle.The free legs of the roller carrier are according to an advantageous development on the ground outwards and are laterally fixed by the recess. This results in a solid and stable lateral guidance of the roller carrier or the pressure roller.

Damit der Rollenträger bzw. die Druckrolle auch in Axialrichtung des Kolbens sicher gehalten werden, sind gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung die freien Schenkel des Rollenträgers mit seitlichen Absätzen versehen, welche zur Abstützung des Rollenträgers an der Innenseite des Bodens dienen.Thus, the roller carrier or the pressure roller are held securely in the axial direction of the piston are, according to a preferred Design the free legs of the roller carrier provided with lateral shoulders, which serve to support the roller carrier on the inside of the floor.

Somit ist der Rollenträger sowohl in radialer als auch in axialer Richtung des Kolbens sicher gehalten und geführt.Thus, the roller carrier is securely held and guided both in the radial and in the axial direction of the piston.

Vorteilhafterweise sind in der Umfangswandung des Kolbens Umbördelungen angeordnet, die zur Abstützung des Rollenträgers dienen. Diese Umbördelungen können auch zur axialen und verdrehsicheren Führung des Rollenträgers dienen und darüber hinaus verhindern, dass insbes. während der Montage der Rollenträger mit der Druckrolle aus dem Kolben herausfallen kann.Advantageously, in the peripheral wall of the piston Umbördelungen are arranged, which serve to support the roller carrier. This beading can also serve for axial and rotationally secure guidance of the roller carrier and also prevent esp. During assembly of the roller carrier can fall out of the piston with the pressure roller.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist die Druckrolle über einen Bolzen in dem Rollenträger gelagert, wobei sich der Bolzen in seiner axialen Richtung an der Aussparung abstützt. Dies gewährleistet eine sicher Lagerung und Ausrichtung der Druckrolle und verhindert darüber hinaus einen Verlust des Lagerbolzens.According to an advantageous embodiment, the pressure roller is mounted via a bolt in the roller carrier, wherein the bolt is supported in its axial direction on the recess. This ensures a safe storage and alignment of the pressure roller and also prevents loss of the bearing pin.

In dem Kolben kann gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung eine Tragplatte angeordnet sein, welche an dem Rollenträger anliegt. Da der Rollenträger üblicherweise von einer Feder beaufschlagt wird, kann durch diese Maßnahme eine flächige Anlage der Feder an dem Rollenträger erreicht werden. Da weiterhin die offene Seite des Kolbens in Richtung Feder orientiert ist, kann infolge der Dünnwandigkeit des Kolbens die Feder teilweise in diesen eintauchen, so dass signifikant Baulänge des Türbetätigers einspart und/ oder die Führungslänge des Kolbens vergrößert werden kann. Die geschlossene Seite des Kolbens, die über die Aussparung für die Druckrolle verfügt, ist zur Nockenachse orientiert, was gerade dort dem Kolben Stabilität verleiht, um die Querkräfte, die hauptsächlich an der Stelle der Rollenmitte vorhanden sind, seitlich im Gehäuse abzufangen. Damit können etliche Vorteile gleichzeitig ausgenutzt werden, obwohl der Kolben in einem spanlosen Fertigungsverfahren in einem Arbeitsschritt hergestellt wird.In the piston can be arranged according to a preferred embodiment, a support plate which bears against the roller carrier. Since the roller carrier is usually acted upon by a spring, a flat contact of the spring on the roller carrier can be achieved by this measure. Further, since the open side of the piston is oriented in the direction of the spring, due to the thin wall of the piston, the spring can partially submerge in this, so that saves significant length of the door actuator and / or the guide length of the piston can be increased. The closed side of the piston, which has the recess for the pressure roller is the cam axis oriented, which gives stability there to the piston, to absorb the lateral forces, which are mainly present at the location of the roller center laterally in the housing. Thus, several advantages can be exploited simultaneously, although the piston is produced in a chipless manufacturing process in one step.

Die Tragplatte kann vorteilhafterweise ebenfalls an den Umbördelungen in der Umfangswandung des Kolbens abgestützt und geführt werden. Darüber hinaus können die Umbördelungen insbes. während der Montage ein Verlieren der Tragplatte verhindern.The support plate can advantageously also be supported and guided on the beadings in the circumferential wall of the piston. In addition, the beadings esp. During assembly prevent loss of the support plate.

Die Tragplatte ist vorteilhafterweise als Stanzteil ausgebildet.The support plate is advantageously formed as a stamped part.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung ist die Tragplatte mit einer Feder in Wirkverbindung bringbar, welche sich durch die offene Seite des Kolbens in diesen hinein erstreckt. Infolge dieser Ausgestaltung kann insbes. die Gesamtlänge des Türbetätigers in vorteilhafterweise verringert werden, da die Feder in den Kolben eintauchen kann. Dadurch kann nicht nur die Feder besser geführt werden, sondern der Kolben selbst kann länger gemacht werden, was wiederum zu einer besseren Führung des Kolbens beiträgt. Somit kann selbst bei einem kürzeren Türbetätiger dessen Wirkungsgrad deutlich verbessert werden.According to a preferred embodiment, the support plate can be brought into operative connection with a spring, which extends through the open side of the piston into it. As a result of this configuration, esp. The total length of the door operator can be reduced advantageously, since the spring can dip into the piston. As a result, not only the spring can be guided better, but the piston itself can be made longer, which in turn contributes to a better guidance of the piston. Thus, even with a shorter door operator its efficiency can be significantly improved.

Insbes. bei einem hydraulisch betriebenen Türbetätiger kann gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung in der Tragplatte ein Rückschlag- und/oder Druckbegrenzungsventil angeordnet sein.Esp. in a hydraulically operated door operator, according to a preferred embodiment, a check and / or pressure limiting valve can be arranged in the support plate.

Vorteilhafterweise können neben der Aussparung Einprägungen zur Aufnahme von Lagerschalen und/oder sonstigen Bauteilen vorgesehen sein.Advantageously, impressions for receiving bearing shells and / or other components can be provided in addition to the recess.

Der Kolben kann bevorzugt auch als Stülpziehbauteil ausgebildet sein.The piston can preferably also be designed as a slip-on component.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung besteht der Kolben aus einem Blechteil.According to a preferred embodiment, the piston consists of a sheet metal part.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung ergeben sich insbes. folgende Vorteile:

  • Der Kolben ist auf der dem Boden abgewandten Seite vollständig offen, was eine einfache und kostengünstige Fertigung ermöglicht. Gleichzeitig kann der Kolben durch die dünnwandige Ausführung einen Teil der Feder im Inneren des Kolbens aufnehmen. Dadurch ist eine Längenreduzierung des Türbetätigers möglich. Gleichzeitig wird eine Vergrößerung der Kolbenführungslänge erreicht, was ein gutes Hubverhalten mit geringer Reibung, Kippung und damit geringem Verschleiß bewirkt. Zudem werden verbesserte Laufeigenschaften des Kolbens durch die Nutzung der inneren Kolbentiefe erreicht.
  • Die aus dem Tiefziehprozess entstandene Übergangsrundung zwischen der Bodenfläche und der Umfangswandung ist günstig für ein verschleißarmes Laufverhalten des Kolbens in dem Gehäuse des Türbetätigers.
  • Der vormontierte Rollenträger kann einfach von der offenen Seite des Kolbens her in diesen eingeschoben werden, wobei die Druckrolle teilweise durch die Aussparung in dem Boden hindurchtaucht. Weiterhin wird der Rollenträger seitlich in der Aussparung geführt und über die seitlichen Ansätze an der Innenseite des Bodens abgestützt.
  • Durch den Druck der Feder wird der Rollenträger nach vollständiger Montage des Türbetätigers von innen an den Boden des Kolbens angepresst und ist damit sicher axial fixiert. Für die Vormontage können Umbördelungen in der Mantelfläche des Kolbens vorgesehen werden.
  • Durch die Tragplatte ist bei entsprechender Ausführung eine öldichte Trennwand realisierbar.
  • Infolge der Ausgestaltung als Tiefziehteil ist nur ein sehr geringer Materialeinsatz erforderlich. Die Fertigung erfolgt ohne Zerspanung und nach der Fertigung kann der Kolben direkt und ohne Entfettung oder Reinigung zur Montage verwendet werden. Es entstehen kaum scharfe Kanten, die Fertigung erfolgt mit hoher Genauigkeit und innerer Stabilität, und Nachbearbeitungen entfallen wegen der hohen Wiederhohlgenauigkeit.
The embodiment according to the invention provides the following advantages in particular:
  • The piston is completely open on the side facing away from the floor, which allows a simple and cost-effective production. At the same time, the piston can accommodate a part of the spring inside the piston due to the thin-walled design. As a result, a length reduction of the door operator is possible. At the same time an enlargement of the piston guide length is achieved, which causes a good lifting behavior with low friction, tilting and thus low wear. In addition, improved running properties of the piston are achieved by the use of the inner piston depth.
  • The resulting from the deep-drawing process transitional rounding between the bottom surface and the peripheral wall is favorable for a low-wear running behavior of the piston in the housing of the door operator.
  • The preassembled roller carrier can be easily inserted into this from the open side of the piston, wherein the pressure roller partially penetrates through the recess in the bottom. Furthermore, the roller carrier is laterally in the Guided recess and supported on the lateral projections on the inside of the bottom.
  • Due to the pressure of the spring of the roller carrier is pressed after complete installation of the door operator from the inside to the bottom of the piston and is thus securely fixed axially. For preassembly Umbördelungen can be provided in the lateral surface of the piston.
  • By the support plate an oil-tight partition wall can be realized with an appropriate design.
  • Due to the configuration as a deep-drawn part only a very small amount of material is required. The production takes place without cutting and after production, the piston can be used directly and without degreasing or cleaning for assembly. There are hardly any sharp edges, the production takes place with high accuracy and internal stability, and reworking accounts for the high Wiederhohlgenauigkeit.

Weitere Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus nachfolgender Beschreibung anhand der Zeichnungen. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
einen Längsschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Türbetätiger,
Figur 2
eine perspektivische Ansicht eines in dem Türbetätiger geführten Kolbens gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform,
Figur 3
der Kolben nach Figur 2 in teilweise aufgebrochener Ansicht,
Figur 4
einen Längsschnitt durch den Kolben nach Figur 2,
Figur 5
eine perspektivische Ansicht des in dem Türbetätiger geführten Kolbens gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform,
Figur 6
der Kolben nach Figur 5 in teilweise aufgebrochener Ansicht,
Figur 7
einen Längsschnitt durch den Kolben nach Figur 5,
Figur 8
einen Längsschnitt durch den erfindungsgemäßen Türbetätiger, wobei die Nockenscheibe in einer 0°-Stellung angeordnet ist,
Figur 9
einen Längsschnitt durch den erfindungsgemäßen Türbetätiger, wobei die Nockenscheibe in einer 30°-Stellung angeordnet ist, und
Figur 10
einen Ausschnitt aus Figur 9 in vergrößertem Maßstab.
Further details, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the drawings. Show it:
FIG. 1
a longitudinal section through a door operator according to the invention,
FIG. 2
3 is a perspective view of a piston guided in the door actuator according to a first embodiment,
FIG. 3
the piston after FIG. 2 in a partially broken view,
FIG. 4
a longitudinal section through the piston to FIG. 2 .
FIG. 5
a perspective view of the guided in the door actuator piston according to a second embodiment,
FIG. 6
the piston after FIG. 5 in a partially broken view,
FIG. 7
a longitudinal section through the piston to FIG. 5 .
FIG. 8
a longitudinal section through the door actuator according to the invention, wherein the cam disc is arranged in a 0 ° position,
FIG. 9
a longitudinal section through the door actuator according to the invention, wherein the cam disc is arranged in a 30 ° position, and
FIG. 10
a section from FIG. 9 on an enlarged scale.

Der in Figur 1 dargestellte Türbetätiger 1 ist in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung nur in so weit erläutert, wie er im vorliegenden Fall von Interesse ist.The in FIG. 1 shown door operator 1 is explained in the following description only in so far as he is in the present case of interest.

Der Türbetätiger 1, bei dem es sich beispielsweise um einen Türschließer mit Nockentechnologie handeln kann, weist ein Gehäuse 2 auf, in dem u. a. ein Kolben 3 längsverschiebbar gelagert ist. Beim in Figur 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind zwei Kolben 3 vorhanden, die aber im Wesentlichen gleich aufgebaut sind. Die Kolben 3 werden von jeweils einer Feder 4 beaufschlagt, welche sie in Richtung auf eine Nockenscheibe 5 drängen, welche an einer Schwenkachse 6 für ein Türgestänge befestigt ist.The door operator 1, which may be, for example, a door closer with cam technology, has a housing 2, in which inter alia a piston 3 is mounted longitudinally displaceable. When in FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment, two pistons 3 are present, but which are constructed substantially the same. The pistons 3 are each acted upon by a spring 4, which urge them in the direction of a cam disc 5, which is fastened to a pivot axis 6 for a door linkage.

Eine erste Ausführungsform des Kolbens 3 ist in den Figuren 2 bis 4 im Einzelnen dargestellt.A first embodiment of the piston 3 is in the FIGS. 2 to 4 shown in detail.

Der Kolben 3 besteht aus einem tiefgezogenen oder stülpgezogenen Blechteil, welches napf- oder topfförmig ausgebildet ist und einen Boden 3a und eine Umfangswandung 3b aufweist.The piston 3 consists of a deep-drawn or stülpgezogenen sheet metal part, which cuppf- or cup-shaped and has a bottom 3a and a peripheral wall 3b.

In dem Kolben 3 ist ein Rollenträger 7 angeordnet, der eine Druckrolle 8 trägt. Der Rollenträger 7 ist im Wesentlichen U-förmig mit freien Schneckeln 7a ausgebildet und aus einem Stanzbiegeteil hergestellt. Die Druckrolle 8 ist an einem Bolzen 9 drehbar gelagert, der wiederum in den freien Schenkeln 7a des U-förmigen Rollenträgers 7 gelagert ist.In the piston 3, a roller carrier 7 is arranged, which carries a pressure roller 8. The roller carrier 7 is formed substantially U-shaped with free screws 7a and made of a stamped and bent part. The pressure roller 8 is rotatably mounted on a pin 9, which in turn is mounted in the free legs 7a of the U-shaped roller carrier 7.

In dem Boden 3a des Kolbens 3 ist eine Aussparung 10 angeordnet, durch welche die Druckrolle 8 über den Boden 3a des Kolbens 3 nach außen vorsteht. Die Aussparung 10 ist mit zwei sich gegenüberliegenden seitlichen Ausbuchtungen 10a versehen, in welche die freien Schenkel 7a des U-förmigen Rollenträgers 7 derart vorstehen, dass die freien Schenkel 7a auf drei Seiten von den Ausbuchtungen 10a umschlossen sind. Somit ist der Rollenträger 7 in der Aussparung 10 in seitlicher Richtung fixiert.In the bottom 3a of the piston 3, a recess 10 is arranged, through which the pressure roller 8 projects beyond the bottom 3a of the piston 3 to the outside. The recess 10 is provided with two opposite lateral protrusions 10a, in which the free legs 7a of the U-shaped roller carrier 7 protrude such that the free legs 7a are enclosed on three sides by the bulges 10a. Thus, the roller carrier 7 is fixed in the recess 10 in the lateral direction.

Der Rollenträger 7 weist an seinen freien Schenkeln 7a seitlich vorspringende Absätze 7b auf, über welche sich der Rollenträger 7 an der Innenseite des Bodens 3a abstützen kann.The roller carrier 7 has at its free legs 7a laterally projecting paragraphs 7b, via which the roller carrier 7 can be supported on the inside of the bottom 3a.

Da die Ausbuchtungen 10a der Aussparung 10 die freien Enden 7a an drei Seiten umschließen, wird auch der die Druckrolle 8 lagernde Bolzen 9 durch die Ausbuchtungen 10a in seiner Axialrichtung abgestützt und fixiert.Since the lobes 10 a of the recess 10 enclose the free ends 7 a on three sides, and the pressure roller 8 is superimposed Bolt 9 supported and fixed by the bulges 10a in its axial direction.

In dem Kolben 3 ist eine Tragplatte 11 angeordnet, welche als Stanzteil ausgebildet sein kann und welche an dem Rollenträger 7 anliegt.In the piston 3, a support plate 11 is arranged, which may be formed as a stamped part and which rests against the roller carrier 7.

In der Tragplatte 11 kann ein Rückschlag- und/oder Druckbegrenzungsventil angeordnet sein, wenn es sich um einen hydraulisch betriebenen Türbetätiger 1 handelt.In the support plate 11, a check and / or pressure relief valve may be arranged, if it is a hydraulically operated door operator 1.

In der Umfangswandung 3b des Kolbens sind Umbördelungen 12 vorgesehen, welche zur Abstützung des Rollenträgers 7 sowie der Tragplatte 11 dienen. Diese Umbördelungen 12 können auch zu einer verdrehsicheren Führung von Rollenträger 3 und/oder Tragplatte 11 herangezogen werden.Umbördelungen 12 are provided in the peripheral wall 3b of the piston, which serve to support the roller carrier 7 and the support plate 11. These beads 12 can also be used for a torsion-resistant guidance of roller carrier 3 and / or support plate 11.

Zur Montage des Kolbens 3 werden der Rollenträger 7 mit der Druckrolle 8 sowie der Tragplatte 11 von der offenen Seite her in den Kolben 3 eingesteckt. Die Teile können dann mittels der Umbördelungen 12 sicher in ihrer Lage gehalten werden.For mounting the piston 3, the roller carrier 7 with the pressure roller 8 and the support plate 11 are inserted from the open side into the piston 3. The parts can then be securely held in place by means of the beads 12.

In fertig montiertem Zustand erstreckt sich die Feder 4 von der offenen Seite her in den Kolben 3 hinein und liegt an der Tragplatte 11 an. In diesem Zustand werden die Absätze 7b des Rollenträgers 7 an die Innenseite des Bodens 3a gedrückt, während die freien Schenkel 7a in den Ausbuchtungen 10a in Längsrichtung geführt und in Querrichtung gehalten sind.In the fully assembled state, the spring 4 extends from the open side into the piston 3 and rests against the support plate 11. In this state, the shoulders 7b of the roller carrier 7 are pressed to the inside of the bottom 3a, while the free legs 7a are guided in the protrusions 10a in the longitudinal direction and held in the transverse direction.

In den Figuren 5 bis 7 ist eine zweite Ausführungsform des Kolbens 3 im Einzelnen dargestellt.In the FIGS. 5 to 7 a second embodiment of the piston 3 is shown in detail.

Der Kolben 3 gemäß dieser Ausführungsform entspricht im Wesentlichen der in den Figuren 2 bis 4 gezeigten Ausführungsform. Zusätzlich sind jedoch bei dieser zweiten Ausführungsform neben der Aussparung 10 Einprägungen 13 vorgesehen, welche Platz für die Aufnahme von Lagerschalen und/oder sonstigen Bauteilen bieten.The piston 3 according to this embodiment substantially corresponds to that in the FIGS. 2 to 4 shown embodiment. In addition, however, impressions 13 are provided in this second embodiment in addition to the recess 10, which provide space for receiving bearing shells and / or other components.

Durch die fertigungsbedingte Ausrundung des Bodens 3a des Kolbens 3 wird der Verschleiß minimiert und ein besserer Wirkungsgrad erzielt. Überdies kann durch eine relativ lange Ausbildung des Kolbens 3 eine bessere Führung des Kolbens 3 im Gehäuse 2 erreicht werden.Due to the production-related rounding of the bottom 3a of the piston 3, the wear is minimized and achieved a better efficiency. Moreover, a better guidance of the piston 3 in the housing 2 can be achieved by a relatively long design of the piston 3.

In den Figuren 8 und 9 ist ein Längsschnitt des Türbetätigers 2 in zwei unterschiedlichen Positionen der Nockenscheibe 5 gezeigt, um einen weiteren Vorteil eines erfindungsgemäßen Türbetätigers 1 darzustellen. Insbesondere sind in Figur 9 die Kräfteverhältnisse in einem Türbetätiger 1 mit Nockenscheibentechnologie dargestellt.In the FIGS. 8 and 9 is a longitudinal section of the door operator 2 shown in two different positions of the cam 5 to illustrate a further advantage of a door actuator 1 according to the invention. In particular, in FIG. 9 the balance of power in a door actuator 1 shown with cam technology.

Die zur Erzeugung eines Drehmoments M in der Nockenachse erforderliche Kraftresultierende, die über die Druckrolle 8 eingeleitet wird, erzeugt im Kolben 3 eine in Richtung der Feder 4 wirkende Kraftkomponente FFeder und eine quer wirkende Normalkraftkomponente Fn, welche eine seitliche Abstützung des Kolbens 3 an dem Gehäuse 2 hervorruft.The required for generating a torque M in the cam axis force resulting, which is introduced via the pressure roller 8, generated in the piston 3 acting in the direction of the spring 4 force component F spring and a transverse normal force component F n , which lateral support of the piston 3 at causes the housing 2.

Durch die durch die Normalkraftkomponente Fn hervorgerufene Kippwirkung des Kolbens 3 innerhalb des Gehäuses 2 ergibt sich keine flächige, sondern eine punktuelle Berührung des Kolbens 3 mit dem Gehäuse 2. Die Normalkraft Fn kann in Abhängigkeit der konstruktiv bedingten Abstände L1 und L2 in die Auflagerkräfte A und B aufgeteilt werden. Diese Auflagerkräfte A und B ergeben - multipliziert mit dem jeweiligen Reibbeiwert µ - die Reibkräfte Fr.By caused by the normal force component F n tilting action of the piston 3 within the housing 2 results in no area, but a selective contact of the piston 3 with the housing 2. The normal force F n , depending on the design-related distances L1 and L2 in the bearing forces A and B split become. These support forces A and B yield - multiplied by the respective coefficient of friction μ - the friction forces F r .

Die Normalkraft Fn und die daraus resultierenden Reibkräfte Fr sind wesentlich für den Wirkungsgrad des Türbetätigers 1 verantwortlich.The normal force F n and the resulting frictional forces F r are significantly responsible for the efficiency of the door operator 1.

Die Reibkräfte Fr reduzieren entgegen der jeweiligen Bewegungsrichtung die in der Feder 4 gespeicherte Federkraft bzw. erhöhen das zur Komprimierung der Feder 4 erforderliche Öffnungsmoment M.The frictional forces F r reduce counter to the respective direction of movement stored in the spring 4 spring force or increase the compression of the spring 4 required opening moment M.

Da sich der Wirkungsgrad des gesamtem mechanischen Systems aus eingebrachter und zurück gewonnener Energie ergibt, hat eine Optimierung der Abstützung des Kolbens 3 über die Abstände L1 und L2 sowie der Reibverhältnisse eine deutliche Verbesserung des Wirkungsgrades zur Folge. Gemäß dem Grundsatz "Länge läuft" ergeben sich größere Aufstandsflächen an den Auflagerpunkten, womit kritische Spitzenwerte seitens der Flächenpressung vermieden werden können.Since the efficiency of the entire mechanical system results from introduced and recovered energy, optimization of the support of the piston 3 over the distances L1 and L2 as well as the friction conditions results in a significant improvement in the efficiency. According to the principle of "running length", larger contact areas result at the support points, which can avoid critical peak values due to surface pressure.

Eine geringere Kippwirkung des Kolbens 3 reduziert damit den Verschleiß, wodurch die Betriebsverschmutzung des Hydrauliköls ebenfalls gering bleibt.A lower tilting effect of the piston 3 thus reduces wear, as a result of which the operating contamination of the hydraulic oil also remains low.

Ferner ermöglichen geringere Auflagerkräfte A und B die Auswahl günstigerer Werkstoffe für das Gehäuse 2 bzw. den Kolben 3. Oberflächenbehandlungen können ebenfalls reduziert werden bzw. vollständig unterbleiben.Furthermore, lower support forces A and B allow the selection of cheaper materials for the housing 2 and the piston 3. Surface treatments can also be reduced or completely omitted.

Damit sind deutliche Einsparungen bei der Fertigung der einzelnen Bauteile zu erzielen.Thus, significant savings in the production of the individual components can be achieved.

Wie sich insbesondere aus Figur 10 ergibt, können durch eine Verringerung der Auflagerkräfte A und B Eingrabungen des Kolbens 3 in die Wandung des Gehäuses 2 infolge von zu großer Kippbewegung und Materialüberlastung verringert werden. Herkömmliche, spanend hergestellte Kolben graben sich mit ihrer fertigungsbedingten Fase durch die Kippung des Kolbens in das Gehäuse 2 ein, wodurch Verunreinigungen und Verschmutzungen entstehen.As can be seen in particular FIG. 10 results can be reduced by reducing the bearing forces A and B burial of the piston 3 in the wall of the housing 2 due to excessive tilting movement and material overload. Conventional, machined pistons dig with their production-related bevel by the tilting of the piston in the housing 2, whereby impurities and contamination arise.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung des Kolbens 3 wird dagegen wie bei einem "Balken auf zwei Stützen" durch längere Abstände L1 und L2 der Auflager und die damit verbundene mittigere Krafteinleitung das ganze System stabilisiert und entspannt. Die rollenseitige Normalkraft Fn am Kolbenradius ist geringer und der Kolben 3 läuft gerader. Die Normalkraft Fn wird am Punkt der Rollenbolzenmitte eingeleitet. Die Reibkraft Fr wirkt gegen die Bewegungsrichtung des Kolbens 3 und reduziert die gewünschte Federkraft der Feder 4.By contrast with the design of the piston 3 according to the invention, the entire system is stabilized and relaxed, as in the case of a "beam on two supports" by longer distances L1 and L2 of the supports and the associated central force introduction. The roller-side normal force F n at the piston radius is lower and the piston 3 runs straighter. The normal force F n is introduced at the point of the roller pin center. The friction force F r acts against the direction of movement of the piston 3 and reduces the desired spring force of the spring 4th

Die vorhergehende Beschreibung der vorliegenden Erfindung dient nur zu illustrativen Zwecken und nicht zum Zwecke der Beschränkung der Erfindung. Im Rahmen der Erfindung sind verschiedene Änderungen und Modifikationen möglich, ohne den Umfang der Erfindung sowie ihrer Äquivalente zu verlassen.The foregoing description of the present invention is for illustrative purposes only, and not for the purpose of limiting the invention. Various changes and modifications are possible within the scope of the invention without departing from the scope of the invention and its equivalents.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Türbetätigerdoor actuators
22
Gehäusecasing
33
Kolbenpiston
3a3a
Bodenground
3b3b
Umfangswandungperipheral
44
Federfeather
55
Nockenscheibecam
66
Schwenkachseswivel axis
77
Rollenträgerroller carrier
7a7a
freier Schenkelfree thigh
7b7b
Absatzparagraph
88th
Druckrollepressure roller
99
Bolzenbolt
1010
Aussparungrecess
10a10a
Ausbuchtungbulge
1111
Tragplattesupport plate
1212
Umbördelungbeading
1313
Einprägungimpressing

Claims (15)

  1. A door operator with a housing and at least one linearly guided piston in the housing, in which piston a roller carrier with a rotatably movable supported pressure roller is disposed, wherein the piston is formed as a deep drawn structural component and includes a bottom and a circumferential walling, characterized in that an aperture (10) is provided in the bottom (3), through which the pressure roller (8) projects beyond the bottom (3a) of the piston (3) to the outside.
  2. The door operator according to claim 1, characterized in that the roller carrier (7) is essentially configured U-shaped.
  3. The door operator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the roller carrier (7) is configured as a stamped bent part.
  4. The door operator according to any of the claims 2 to 3, characterized in that the free branches (7a) of the roller carrier (7) protrude beyond the bottom (3a) to the outside and are laterally fixed by means of the aperture (10).
  5. The door operator according to any of the claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the free branches (7a) of the roller carrier (7) are provided with lateral shoulders (7b), which serve for supporting the roller carrier (7) at the interior side of the bottom (3a).
  6. The door operator according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that flangings (12), which serve for supporting the positioning block (7), are disposed in the circumferential walling (3a) of the piston (3).
  7. The door operator according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure roller (8) is supported via a bolt (9) in the roller carrier (7) and in that the bolt (9) is supported in its axial direction at the aperture (10).
  8. The door operator according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a carrying plate (11), which abuts against the roller carrier (7), is disposed in the piston (3).
  9. The door operator according to claim 7, characterized in that the carrying plate (7) is able to abut against the flangings (12) in the circumferential walling (3b) of the piston (3).
  10. The door operator according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the carrying plate (11) is configured as a stamped bent part.
  11. The door operator according to any of the claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the carrying plate (11) can be brought into operative connection with a spring (4), which extends through the open side of the piston (3) into the latter.
  12. The door operator according to any of the claims 8 to 11, characterized in that a non-return valve and/or a pressure control valve is disposed in the carrying plate (11).
  13. The door operator according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that in addition to the aperture (10) depressions (13) are provided for accommodating bearing shells and/or other structural components.
  14. The door operator according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the piston (3) is configured as a reversed drawn structural component.
  15. The door operator according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the piston (3) is configured as a sheet metal part.
EP14198690.1A 2014-12-17 2014-12-17 Door actuator Active EP3034750B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES14198690.1T ES2631687T3 (en) 2014-12-17 2014-12-17 Door drive
EP14198690.1A EP3034750B1 (en) 2014-12-17 2014-12-17 Door actuator
US14/969,741 US9790723B2 (en) 2014-12-17 2015-12-15 Door operator
CN201510934127.5A CN105715136B (en) 2014-12-17 2015-12-15 Door operator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14198690.1A EP3034750B1 (en) 2014-12-17 2014-12-17 Door actuator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3034750A1 EP3034750A1 (en) 2016-06-22
EP3034750B1 true EP3034750B1 (en) 2017-05-10

Family

ID=52102602

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14198690.1A Active EP3034750B1 (en) 2014-12-17 2014-12-17 Door actuator

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US9790723B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3034750B1 (en)
CN (1) CN105715136B (en)
ES (1) ES2631687T3 (en)

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KR101691149B1 (en) * 2016-10-27 2016-12-29 주식회사 이피텍 Device of door hinge for washing machine
DE102018210278B4 (en) * 2018-06-25 2021-03-18 Geze Gmbh Hydraulic, damped drive for a door or window sash
TWI690647B (en) * 2019-03-29 2020-04-11 松之門控設備股份有限公司 Cam door closer
EP3875719A1 (en) * 2020-03-06 2021-09-08 Abloy Oy A cam action door closer
US11680434B1 (en) 2020-07-21 2023-06-20 Andersen Corporation Damped door closer system and method
CN113622776B (en) * 2021-07-28 2024-09-03 箭牌家居集团股份有限公司 Door closer

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20160177610A1 (en) 2016-06-23
CN105715136B (en) 2021-02-02
EP3034750A1 (en) 2016-06-22
ES2631687T3 (en) 2017-09-04
CN105715136A (en) 2016-06-29
US9790723B2 (en) 2017-10-17

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