[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/

EP3074182A1 - Support d'abrasif, particules abrasives comprenant le support d'abrasif et procédé de production associé - Google Patents

Support d'abrasif, particules abrasives comprenant le support d'abrasif et procédé de production associé

Info

Publication number
EP3074182A1
EP3074182A1 EP14815261.4A EP14815261A EP3074182A1 EP 3074182 A1 EP3074182 A1 EP 3074182A1 EP 14815261 A EP14815261 A EP 14815261A EP 3074182 A1 EP3074182 A1 EP 3074182A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carrier
impregnated
abrasive
carrier material
surface roughness
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14815261.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3074182B1 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen NIENTIEDT
Christine Doege
Peter Karl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Neenah Gessner GmbH
Original Assignee
Neenah Gessner GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Neenah Gessner GmbH filed Critical Neenah Gessner GmbH
Publication of EP3074182A1 publication Critical patent/EP3074182A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3074182B1 publication Critical patent/EP3074182B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
    • B24D11/001—Manufacture of flexible abrasive materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
    • B24D11/02—Backings, e.g. foils, webs, mesh fabrics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
    • B24D18/0027—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for by impregnation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/34—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties
    • B24D3/348—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties utilised as impregnating agent for porous abrasive bodies

Definitions

  • Abrasive carrier, abrasive article comprising the
  • the invention relates to a support for abrasives, to an abrasive article comprising such a support, as well as to its production method and the use of the abrasive article.
  • abrasive carriers are required that are tough and strong so as not to break during grinding and to transfer the grinding force to a workpiece well. Furthermore, there is also a high flexibility of the
  • Abrasive carrier desirable so that it can adapt to the contours of a workpiece without permanently deforming.
  • Abrasive on a support describes the application WO 97/005990 AI. This is used in the production of a
  • Abrasive tape improves the adhesion by a "primer”, which among other things also a mechanical roughening, for example by grinding, the surface of the support is understood, but the mechanical roughening has the
  • Binder for the abrasive can penetrate into the carrier. The binder can then lead to embrittlement of the carrier and thus its flexibility negative
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to provide an improved carrier for abrasive, the
  • Such an abrasive carrier should preferably have high flexibility, tear strength,
  • Abrasive includes specifying a method of manufacturing such an abrasive article carrier and the corresponding abrasive article and use of the abrasive article.
  • a carrier for abrasives is given. In the context of the application, this can also be referred to as an "abrasive carrier” or even briefly as a “carrier”.
  • an abrasive article carrier comprises an impregnated synthetic fiber-based base material
  • the impregnated carrier material has at least one side with a surface roughness R z of 100 pm to 500 m and with an R max of 250 ⁇ m to 600 m, and the carrier has an air permeability of at most 20 l / m 2 s.
  • Tensile strength and also allows a good adhesion of binders or abrasives, so that the carrier can be used for the production of a long-lasting, durable and very easy to handle abrasive article.
  • the high flexibility and strength of the carrier can be attributed in the estimation of the inventors to the fact that the carrier comprises a carrier material based on synthetic fibers and is very dense.
  • the carrier comprises a carrier material based on synthetic fibers and is very dense.
  • the carrier has a low air permeability of at most 20 l / m 2 s, in particular at most 10 l / m 2 s and preferably at most 5 l / m 2 s on.
  • This high density of the carrier can be obtained by the fact that the carrier material has been compacted.
  • the carrier according to the invention thus preferably comprises a compacted carrier material.
  • impregnated carrier material has little or no pores into which a binder for fixing abrasives, for example a base coat, can penetrate.
  • binders are often hard and brittle and can lead to embrittlement in conventional carriers. This can be largely avoided in the carrier according to the invention, so that it has a high durability and high flexibility.
  • the carrier allows a good adhesion of binders, for example a base coat, as described in more detail below, and accordingly of abrasives.
  • Rmax refers to the largest of the five individual weeds.
  • R z may preferably be greater than 150 ⁇ and R max from 250 ⁇ to 450 ⁇ . at
  • the surface roughness can be obtained by at least one side of the impregnated carrier material, in contrast to numerous conventional carrier materials, specifically provided with it, for example by means of structuring. It should be noted that the carrier and thus also the impregnated carrier material or only the carrier material preferably flat - plan or curved - is formed. The carrier, the impregnated carrier material or the carrier material thus have two sides. These correspond to the largest pair of opposing ones
  • Surface roughness refers to the impregnated carrier material.
  • Optional layers arranged thereon, for example a barrier bar, can reduce the roughness of the
  • At least one side has a surface roughness R z of 100 ⁇ to 500 ⁇ with an Rmax of 250 ⁇ to 600 ⁇ . Both sides may also have such a surface roughness. However, the other side can also be smooth. It may also have lower or higher surface roughness.
  • the impregnated carrier material of the carrier according to the invention is based on synthetic fibers. So it includes one
  • Support material based on synthetic fibers which has been impregnated with at least one impregnating agent should mean that the carrier material to at least 80 wt., In particular
  • the synthetic fibers are preferably organic polymers which are easier and cheaper to process than inorganic polymers, for example glass fibers, and result in a more flexible carrier.
  • Synthetic fibers synthetic endless fibers or they consist of it.
  • continuous fiber is known per se to a person skilled in the art, and they generally have a length of at least 50 mm, in particular at least 80 mm,
  • the fiber diameter is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m to 60 ⁇ m
  • thinner fibers may be used a diameter of 0.5 m to 10 ⁇ , in particular 0.5 ⁇ to 3 , or thicker fibers with a diameter of 10 ⁇ to 60 ⁇ ,
  • the carrier material is at least 95 wt.%, In particular at least 99 wt.%, Or completely non-woven.
  • the carrier material is preferably not woven, ie "unwoven" and thus differs from a fabric carrier Support material are preferably laid so that it corresponds to a fiber fabric, for example a nonwoven fabric.
  • the carrier according to the invention is preferably not a tissue carrier. According to a development of this embodiment, the carrier material is a nonwoven. It can in particular a
  • nonwoven fabric can be described continuous fibers. These are easier and less expensive to produce than fabric carrier.
  • a nonwoven fabric can be, for example, by a meltblown or a
  • the carrier material is uniformly impregnated by an impregnating agent. This can be done for example by a dip impregnation.
  • the carrier material is on at least one side with an impregnating agent
  • impregnated it may be impregnated, for example, by one or both sides. If it is impregnated on both sides, the carrier material can be soaked uniformly by the impregnating agent.
  • the impregnated carrier material can on one or both sides, optionally independently of each other, a
  • thermal calendering produced with at least one structured roller.
  • a structured roller for example, a stamping and / or gravure roller can be used.
  • the inventors found out that through treatment By means of calendering, it is possible for the carrier material to be used to enable several advantageous properties in one working step, which makes the production of the carrier very economical. Indicates one side of the impregnated
  • the surface roughness R z from 100 pm to 500 ⁇ and with a R max of 250 ⁇ to 600 ⁇ , and the other side has a surface roughness outside this range, the latter may also have been produced in the same calendering step.
  • the surface roughness described above can be achieved by the at least one structured roll
  • impregnated carrier material can be produced. This remains even after impregnation and leads to a better adhesion of a base coat or a
  • Structuring methods which involve mechanical roughening, for example sanding, of a carrier do not "injure" the surface or fibers of the carrier material according to this embodiment, thereby improving the durability of the carrier and substantially preventing the penetration of binders into the carrier material , which leads to the advantages described above, as well as with advantage on the use of chemicals for
  • Fiber roughening be dispensed with.
  • Density can be controlled by pressure and temperature as described below during calendering.
  • the proportion of the solidification surface in the carrier material is 5% to 35%, in particular 10% to 30%. It can be 15% to 28%, especially 20% to 27%.
  • a polymer material selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene naphthalate, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide,
  • the fibers may also consist of the polymer material.
  • the synthetic (continuous) fibers for example meltblown as well as spunbonded fibers, can consist of only one polymer, so-called monocomponent fibers, and / or of several
  • Polymers so-called multi-component fibers exist.
  • the polymers of the multicomponent fibers correspond to one of the above-mentioned combinations. Combinations can also be obtained by different monocomponent fibers.
  • Fiber cross-section is pronounced of a cake that has been divided into several pieces, the cake pieces in particular consist alternately of the different polymers), a so-called “Iceland-in-the-sea” arrangement (the
  • Fiber cross-section is reminiscent of multiple islands of a polymer surrounded by a sea of another polymer) and / or a "core-shell" arrangement (the core consists of a fiber of a first polymer encased by a cladding of a second polymer)
  • the core consists of a fiber of a first polymer encased by a cladding of a second polymer
  • the core if they comprise or consist of multicomponent fibers, they are subjected to a high-pressure water jet treatment after the web formation, in which the individual fiber components are separated into a plurality of thin individual fibers.
  • the surface of meltblown or the spunbonded nonwoven can be treated by surface treatment methods, such as for example, corona treatment or plasma treatment, in their properties, such as wettability to water or reduced electrostatic charge can be changed.
  • surface treatment methods such as for example, corona treatment or plasma treatment, in their properties, such as wettability to water or reduced electrostatic charge can be changed.
  • the weight-average molecular weight of the resin may be more preferably at least 500,000 g / mol, and more preferably at least 1,000,000 g / mol. It may also consist of one or more such resins.
  • the inventors have surprisingly found that the resins used as impregnating agent with such a weight-average
  • Impregnating agent consisting of a resin with a weight-average
  • the amount of impregnating agent may be between 5% by weight and 70% by weight, preferably between 15% by weight and 60% by weight, of the dry
  • Impregnating agent based on the weight of not
  • the impregnating agent is selected from the group consisting of acrylic esters,
  • Acrylic ester-styrene copolymers ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, styrene-butadiene rubber, phenolic resins,
  • Epoxy resins natural rubber, polyvinyl alcohol, starch,
  • a barrier layer is produced, in particular directly, on at least one side of the impregnated carrier material.
  • Barline may partially or completely cover the page.
  • the barrier bar or barrier layer seals the
  • Abrasive carrier additionally from and prevents so that a later used for the preparation of an abrasive article basecoat can penetrate into the impregnated carrier material and can lead to embrittlement of the carrier.
  • Air permeability of a carrier with a barrier layer may be at most 10 l / m 2 s, in particular at most 5 l / m 2 s.
  • the barrier line act as a bonding agent between the impregnated substrate and a basecoat.
  • the barrier bar may comprise or consist of a material selected from a group comprising
  • Acrylic acid esters polyvinyl acetate, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, acrylic acid ester-styrene copolymers, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, styrene-butadiene rubber,
  • the dry barrier coating may be produced in an amount of 5 to 40 g / m 2 , preferably 5 to 30 g / m 2 .
  • Surface roughness of the carrier on the side facing away from the impregnated carrier material side of the barrier layer layer may differ from that of the impregnated carrier material.
  • the carrier on the from the impregnated carrier material side facing the barrier layer a surface roughness R z of 20 to 300 ⁇ and with a R max of 50 m to 400 ⁇ on.
  • R z is preferably 20 m to 250 ⁇ m and Raax of 50 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m. Even with this surface roughness and due to the adhesion-promoting properties of the barrier line is a good
  • fillers for example
  • Kaolin titanium dioxide, talc, calcium carbonate, silica, bentonites or combinations thereof.
  • a preferred carrier may have a basis weight of more than 105 g / m 2 , in particular in the range of 110 to 1870 g / m 2 and preferably from 115 to 1760 g / m 2 . It may, for example, have a thickness of 0.100 to 2.500 mm, in particular 0.110 to 2.400 mm.
  • the elastic modulus in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the carrier may be from 100 to 10000 MPa.
  • the carrier may have a tensile stiffness index in
  • a preferred carrier for example, a through
  • % By weight, preferably between 15% by weight and 60% by weight, based on the weight of the non-impregnated nonwoven fabric, is impregnated.
  • calendering can also at least one side of the
  • Such a carrier without barrier coating has, for example, a basis weight of 105 to 1870 g / m 2 , preferably from 115 to 1760 g / m 2 ; a thickness of 0.100 to 2.500 mm, preferably of 0.110 to 2.400 mm; a
  • N / 15mm preferably from 10 to 1200 N / 15mm; an elongation at break dry in the longitudinal direction of 10% to 60%, preferably from 12% to 55%; dry elongation at break in the transverse direction of 15% to 65%, preferably from 18 to 60%; a flexural rigidity in the longitudinal direction of 0.2 to 15.0 Nmm, preferably 0.3 to 14.5 Nmm; a bending stiffness in the transverse direction of 0.1 to 14.0 Nmm, preferably 0.2 to 13.5 Nmm; one
  • MNm / kg preferably from 0.4 to 9.5 MNm / kg;
  • Such a carrier without a barrier coating can be any suitable carrier without a barrier coating.
  • Tension stiffness index in the transverse direction of 0.3 to 9.5 MNm / kg, a modulus of elasticity in the longitudinal direction of 150 to 9500 MPa, a modulus of elasticity in the transverse direction of 150 to 9500 MPa, on at least one side, a surface roughness R z of 150 to 500 ⁇ and with have a R max of 250 to 450 ⁇ .
  • Such a carrier with barrier coating has
  • a basis weight of 110 to 1900 g / m 2 preferably from 155 to 1570 g / m 2 ; a thickness of 0.100 to 2.500 mm, preferably from 0.110 to 2.500 mm; a
  • N / 15mm preferably from 10 to 1500 N / 15mm; an elongation at break dry in the longitudinal direction of 10% to 70%, preferably from 12% to 60%; a dry ultimate elongation in the transverse direction of 10% to 75%, preferably 15% to 70%; a bending stiffness in the longitudinal direction of 0.2 to 15.0 Nmm, preferably from 0.3 to
  • Such a carrier with barrier coating can be any suitable carrier with barrier coating.
  • an abrasive article comprises a carrier according to at least one embodiment of the invention.
  • the backing is coated on one side of the impregnated support material having a surface roughness R z of 100 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m and an R max of 250 ⁇ m to 600 ⁇ m
  • the abrasive is not limited according to the invention. In principle, all materials can be used, which can be applied to the carrier and the
  • the abrasive may be selected from a group including sand, diamond, corundum
  • the abrasive is preferably as
  • the carrier is usually with a base coat Mistake. Then the abrasive material is applied and subsequently a topcoat is produced.
  • the Schlei article can thus arranged on the support a base coat, abrasive, as described above, and include a topcoat.
  • Barrier layer if provided, is usually arranged between impregnated carrier material and the basecoat.
  • the base coat may be selected, for example, from epoxy resin, phenolic resin, alkyd resin, urea resin, or combinations thereof.
  • a topcoat is usually a hard,
  • thermosetting resin which is the abrasive
  • the topcoat can for
  • a barrier coating layer is produced on the impregnated carrier material and the carrier is, in particular directly, on the side facing away from the impregnated carrier material
  • Barrier layer sanded. As mentioned above, the barrier coat layer seals the backing to a base coat and improves its adhesion or adhesion
  • the abrasive article of the invention is suitable for both wet and dry grinding. He can as
  • Abrasive sheet be designed. As a further aspect of the invention, therefore, the use of an abrasive article is specified.
  • An abrasive article according to at least one embodiment of the invention can be used as a sanding belt, grinding wheel or abrasive sheet or for their production. According to the application, grinding wheels include flap discs.
  • a carrier for abrasive according to at least one inventive
  • Embodiment are manufactured.
  • the method includes the steps
  • a carrier comprising an impregnated support material based on synthetic fibers, ⁇ at least one side with a surface roughness R z of 100 to to 500, and having an R max of 250 to 600 m, and an air permeability of at most 20 l / m 2 s is obtained.
  • the method is preferred in this order of
  • the carrier material corresponds to a carrier material according to at least one of the embodiments described above. So it can, for example, a nonwoven made of synthetic
  • the fleece can be, for example, a so-called meltblown web or a spunbonded web.
  • the support material is produced in step (A) by a meltblown process or by a spunbonding process.
  • a so-called meltblown process can be used.
  • Suitable polymers are selected, for example, from a group comprising polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene naphthalate, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyolefin, polycarbonate, and combinations thereof. It can typically fiber diameter between 0.5 and 10 ⁇ , preferably between 0.5 and 3 ⁇ obtained.
  • the polymers can also contain additives, such as
  • Hydrophilizing agent hydrophobizing agent
  • Crystallization accelerators, colors and combinations thereof are mixed.
  • a so-called spunbonding process can be used. Such is described, for example, in applications US 4,340,563 A, US 3,802,817 A, US 3,855,046 A and US 3,692,618 A, the disclosure contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
  • Fiber diameters between 6 and 60 ⁇ m, preferably between 10 and 25 ⁇ m, can typically be obtained.
  • the polymers may contain additives, such as
  • Crystallization accelerators colors or combinations thereof, are mixed.
  • Both after the meltblown and after the Spunbonded (endless) fibers can consist of only one polymer (monocomponent fibers) or of several polymers (multicomponent fibers), as already described above.
  • Nonwoven webs of multicomponent fibers can preferably be fed after web formation to a high-pressure water jet treatment in which the individual fiber components are separated into a plurality of thin individual fibers.
  • the surface of the support material or the nonwoven fabric may be changed by a surface treatment method, such as corona treatment or plasma treatment, in their properties, such as wettability by water or reduced electrostatic charge.
  • a surface treatment method such as corona treatment or plasma treatment
  • the carrier material or the fleece is as dense. For this, this can be condensed, what
  • calendering in step (B) is designed as a thermal calendering.
  • Thermal calenders required for this purpose are known per se to the person skilled in the art.
  • the properties of the support material can be adjusted in step (B), for example via the line pressure (nip pressure) and the roller temperature. This can be so
  • a predetermined, described above, advantageously low air permeability is achieved. It may, for example, with a nip pressure of 30 to 300 N / mm, preferably from 50 to 300 N / mm, and a temperature between 80 ° C and 280 ° C, preferably between 100 ° C and 260 ° C, im
  • Calendered step (B) The inventors found that the use of exclusively smooth calender rolls adversely affects the carrier. In addition to one
  • smooth calender rolls also produce a smooth, in particular unstructured
  • the inventors surprisingly found that the use of structured rolls, for example embossing or gravure rolls, the adhesion of a
  • Binder resin is significantly improved on the support according to the invention. It come here to textured rollers
  • Insert designed to produce structures on at least one side of the substrate, for example, a continuous synthetic fiber nonwoven web.
  • Support material is then in particular with a
  • the structured rollers used in step (B) can be used for all common patterns, in particular embossing or engraving patterns, such as, for example, lines, ovals, rhombuses (diamonds),
  • Patterns are then generated in the substrate.
  • the carrier material As mentioned above, the carrier material
  • step (B) preferably compressed in step (B).
  • Solidification surface may be 5% to 35%, preferably 10% to 30%, more preferably 15% to 28% and particularly preferably 20% to 27%.
  • the calendered backing material produced and calendered after steps (A) and (B), preferably a nonwoven web of synthetic (continuous) fibers, has a basis weight of from 100 to 1100 g / m 2 ; a thickness of 0.100 mm to 2.500 mm; an air permeability of at most 500 l / m 2 s, preferably at most 200 l / m 2 s, and particularly preferably at most 100 l / ms; a modulus of elasticity in the longitudinal direction of 150 to 13000 Pa and in the transverse direction of 100 to 11000 MPa; a tensile stiffness index along 0.4 to 16.0 MNm / kg; a Switzerlandsteifmaschinesindex transverse from 0.2 to 16 MNm / kg and a surface roughness R R 2 from 100 to 500 ⁇ and with a R max of 300 to 800 microns.
  • Air permeability can change if that
  • Carrier material in step (C) is impregnated.
  • step (C) the carrier material is impregnated in step (C).
  • the impregnated carrier material of the carrier according to the invention is obtained.
  • step (C) are, for example, size press,
  • the carrier material in particular a nonwoven made of continuous fibers, can, for example, by
  • Dipping impregnation should be completely impregnated with the impregnating agent. This is in particular a
  • An impregnating agent can be applied to one or both sides, for example by means of roller, spray or foam application.
  • roller, spray or foam application Here are the same or different
  • Impregnating agent can be used.
  • Abrasive carrier according to the invention so far reduced that later applied coatings can not or only very slightly penetrate into the impregnated carrier material.
  • the Tear strength, flexibility and nip strength are modified and adjusted.
  • Impregnating agent in step (C) in the form of a
  • Polymer dispersion a polymer solution or mixtures thereof introduced or applied.
  • Suitable polymer dispersions are, for example, aqueous dispersions of polymers selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid esters, polyvinyl acetate, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber,
  • Acrylic ester-styrene copolymers ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, styrene-butadiene rubber, phenolic resin,
  • Epoxy resin natural rubber and combinations thereof.
  • Suitable polymer solutions may for example consist of a
  • Epoxy resins in methanol and combinations thereof Preferably, those used as impregnating agents
  • Resins have a weight-average molecular weight of at least 50,000 g / mol, in particular at least 100,000 g / mol, preferably at least 250,000 g / mol, more preferably at least 500,000 g / mol and more preferably at least 100,000 g / mol.
  • This enables the pores of the support material to be closed efficiently, so that the above-described advantageous air permeability and surface roughness of the impregnated support material are obtained.
  • a barrier layer layer in particular a further step (D)
  • the barrier bar is on the side of
  • Barrier lines are, for example, roller blades, knife knives, Application by means of air brush or roller application.
  • the barrier coating may be prepared, for example, by applying an aqueous dispersion based on a material selected from a group consisting of acrylic esters,
  • Acrylic ester-styrene copolymers ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, styrene-butadiene rubber, phenolic resin,
  • Epoxy resin, natural rubber and combinations thereof If a dispersion is applied to the barrier coating, it is advisable to dry it, for example by heating in an oven.
  • the amount applied after drying may be 5 to 40 g / m 2 , preferably 5 to 30 g / m 2 .
  • additives are paints, crosslinkers, water repellents,
  • kaolin for example, titanium dioxide, talc, calcium carbonate, silica, bentonites or a combination thereof can be used.
  • the carrier in a further step (E) is calendered. Accordingly, two or more calendering shreds may be provided in the method.
  • the step (E) can be carried out both with carriers with and without carriers barrier layer.
  • the surface smoothness this refers to possible roughening, such as scratches, but not or only insignificantly on the desired, calendered structures, and the
  • the abrasive carrier is preferably passed through the nip of a pair of rolls consisting of a steel and a steel roll a rubber roller, with a nip pressure of 30 to 300 N / mm, preferably 50 to 300 N / mm.
  • the abrasive carrier is preferably supplied to the calender used so that the side, which is to be sanded later with an abrasive, comes into contact with the steel roller.
  • the calendering temperature is in particular between 20 ° C and 80 ° C, preferably between 50 ° C and 70 ° C.
  • the method comprises the steps according to at least one embodiment of the above-described method for
  • the support is in a further step (F) on one side of the impregnated support material having a surface roughness R z from 100 ⁇ to 500 ⁇ and with a R max of 250 ⁇ to 600 ⁇ , with a Sanded abrasive.
  • R z surface roughness
  • R max surface max
  • Abrasive may, but does not have to be directly generated on the impregnated substrate. If one
  • step (F) is suitably carried out after the steps ⁇ A ⁇ to (C) and the optional steps (D) and / or (E).
  • the step (F) comprises applying a base coat on the side of the
  • "Sanding" with an abrasive may include applying a base coat to the abrasive backing of the invention, then sprinkling the abrasive, drying the basecoat, applying a topcoat to the abrasive, and drying the topcoat or consisting thereof.
  • the base coat may be selected, for example, from epoxy resin, phenolic resin, alkyd resin, urea resin, or combinations thereof. The resins are preferably in a suitable
  • Solvent dispersed or dissolved and applied to the carrier.
  • the abrasive is then sprinkled onto the still wet base coat, with the individual particles or
  • Granules for example, by electrostatic devices on the abrasive carrier according to the invention optimally
  • the coated with the wet base coat and the abrasive adhering thereon abrasive carrier is dried, for example in a drying oven. After drying, the
  • topcoat is usually a hard, thermosetting resin, which anchors the abrasive additionally used.
  • the topcoat can for
  • step (F) on one side of the impregnated carrier material with surface roughness R z of 100 ⁇ to 500 ⁇ and with an R max of 250 pm to 600 pm in step ⁇ D) first creates a barrier layer and then in step (F) with the Sanded abrasive. This is advisable because the barrier line largely prevents the penetration of a base coat into the carrier.
  • an advantageous carrier and thus also an advantageous abrasive article can be produced. It is therefore also a carrier specified according to at least one embodiment of the inventive method can be produced. Furthermore, an abrasive article is disclosed which comprises such a carrier.
  • the abrasive article can be produced by a process for the production of abrasive articles according to at least one embodiment of the invention.
  • the support may thus be preparable by a process comprising the above-described steps (A), (B) and (C) and optionally (D) and / or ⁇ E) according to the respective embodiments.
  • the calendering in step (B) is configured here as a thermal calendering.
  • it may have a nip pressure of from 30 to 300 N / mm, preferably from 50 to 300 N / mm, and a temperature between 80 ° C and 280 ° C / preferably between 100 ° C and 260 ° C in step (B).
  • textured rolls can handle all common patterns
  • embossing or engraving patterns such as
  • the proportion of Ver estrs firing here 5% to 35%, preferably 10% to 30%, more preferably 15% to 28% and particularly preferably 20% to 27%, amount.
  • the carrier material used was a spunbonded nonwoven made of polyester fibers (continuous fibers) with an average fiber diameter of 18 ⁇ m. The diameter was determined by scanning microscopy.
  • the support material had a basis weight of 235 g / m 2 , a thickness of 0.550 ⁇ , an air permeability of 230 l / ms and a surface roughness R z of 178 ⁇ at a smoother side and 369 ⁇ in the
  • the surface roughness was determined by thermally calendering the substrate with a
  • a carrier material can be obtained, for example, under the name T 478/235 from Johns Manville, Bobingen (production number 7536).
  • This spunbonded fabric was impregnated with a styrene-butadiene dispersion by dip impregnation and dried. The proportion of the dried impregnating agent was 49% based on the non-impregnated nonwoven.
  • the molecular weight of the impregnating resin was> 1000000 g / mol.
  • a barrier coating by means of
  • the coating consisted of a mixture of styrene-butadiene dispersion and
  • the abrasive carrier of the invention thus prepared had a basis weight of 363 g / m 2 , a thickness of 0.526 mm, an air permeability of 0 l / m 2 s, a dry ultimate tensile strength of 301 N / 15 mm, a dry ultimate tensile strength of 238 N / 15mm, a breaking elongation dry in the longitudinal direction of 37,0%, a breaking elongation dry in
  • Test methods The basis weight is determined according to DIN EN ISO 536.
  • the air permeability is in accordance with DIN EN ISO 9237: 1995
  • the thickness of a carrier or the carrier material is after
  • Feed rate of the probe 0.5 mm / s
  • Used probe MFW - 25 with 5 ⁇ tip radius.
  • the determined at a measurement R z - ert is the
  • the R max value is a single value and refers to the largest of the five single-order depths.
  • the bending stiffness was determined according to DIN 53123 Part 1.
  • the tensile stiffness was determined according to DIN ISO 1924-3 with 150 mm / min strain rate.
  • the modulus of elasticity was determined in accordance with DIN ISO 1924-3 at a rate of elongation of 150 mm / min.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un support d'abrasif, un article abrasif, lequel comprend un tel support, ainsi que leur procédé de production et l'utilisation de l'article abrasif. Le support d'abrasif comprend selon au moins un mode de réalisation un matériau de support imprégné à base de fibres synthétiques. Le matériau de support imprégné comprend au moins une face présentant une rugosité superficielle Rz de 100 μm à 500 μm et une Rmax de 250 μm à 600 μm. Le support possède une perméabilité à l'air de maximum 20 l/m2s.
EP14815261.4A 2013-11-29 2014-11-28 Support d'abrasif, particules abrasives comprenant le support d'abrasif et procédé de production associé Active EP3074182B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013224549.1A DE102013224549A1 (de) 2013-11-29 2013-11-29 Schleifmittelträger, Schleifartikel umfassend den Schleifmittelträger sowie deren Herstellungsverfahren
PCT/EP2014/075937 WO2015079021A1 (fr) 2013-11-29 2014-11-28 Support d'abrasif, particules abrasives comprenant le support d'abrasif et procédé de production associé

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3074182A1 true EP3074182A1 (fr) 2016-10-05
EP3074182B1 EP3074182B1 (fr) 2019-04-24

Family

ID=52130217

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14815261.4A Active EP3074182B1 (fr) 2013-11-29 2014-11-28 Support d'abrasif, particules abrasives comprenant le support d'abrasif et procédé de production associé

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US10124467B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3074182B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102013224549A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015079021A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3299123B1 (fr) 2016-09-23 2019-05-08 Carl Freudenberg KG Support pour abrasif
DE102017118002A1 (de) * 2017-08-08 2019-02-14 Rud. Starcke Gmbh & Co. Kg Flexibles Schleifmittel
JP2019084058A (ja) * 2017-11-07 2019-06-06 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー 研磨パッド

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2048006B2 (de) 1969-10-01 1980-10-30 Asahi Kasei Kogyo K.K., Osaka (Japan) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer breiten Vliesbahn
DE1950669C3 (de) 1969-10-08 1982-05-13 Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zur Vliesherstellung
CA948388A (en) 1970-02-27 1974-06-04 Paul B. Hansen Pattern bonded continuous filament web
DE2928484B1 (de) 1979-07-14 1980-10-16 Ver Schmirgel & Maschf Verfahren zur Herstellung flexibler Schleifmittel
DE2933307C2 (de) 1979-08-17 1984-10-31 Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal Beschichtetes textiles Flächengebilde
US4340563A (en) 1980-05-05 1982-07-20 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Method for forming nonwoven webs
DE3218441C1 (de) 1982-05-15 1983-04-21 Vereinigte Schmirgel- und Maschinen-Fabriken AG, 3000 Hannover Verfahren zum Herstellen von blatt- oder bandförmigen Schleifwerkzeugen
US5578096A (en) 1995-08-10 1996-11-26 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method for making a spliceless coated abrasive belt and the product thereof
US6998166B2 (en) * 2003-06-17 2006-02-14 Cabot Microelectronics Corporation Polishing pad with oriented pore structure
EP1595646A1 (fr) 2004-05-13 2005-11-16 sia Abrasives Industries AG Toile sous-jacente à fibre mixte
DE102010036554A1 (de) 2010-07-21 2012-01-26 Bamberger Kaliko Gmbh Verbundmaterial für die Weiterverarbeitung in flächige Schleifprodukte sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US10124467B2 (en) 2018-11-13
DE102013224549A1 (de) 2015-06-03
WO2015079021A1 (fr) 2015-06-04
EP3074182B1 (fr) 2019-04-24
US20170028530A1 (en) 2017-02-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2004097111A1 (fr) Natte en fibres non tissees, son procede de production et materiau composite renforce par des fibres
EP1241240B1 (fr) Matériau de support non-tissé pour ruban adhésif comprenant une déchirabilité améliorée
EP3074182B1 (fr) Support d'abrasif, particules abrasives comprenant le support d'abrasif et procédé de production associé
EP2673408A1 (fr) Non-tissé en fibres de verre et produits contenant des non-tissés en fibres de verre
EP2758580B1 (fr) Matériau non-tissé doté de filaments élémentaires contenant une matrice
DE102010062901A1 (de) Imprägnierte Klingenbeschichtung
DE102010036554A1 (de) Verbundmaterial für die Weiterverarbeitung in flächige Schleifprodukte sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
EP0333035B1 (fr) Outil de meulage flexible
DE102014006822B4 (de) Schleifmittelträger und Schleifmittelträger mit mindestens zwei Lagen eines Trägermaterials sowie daraus hergestellter Schleifartikel
DE102011122012B4 (de) Imprägniertes Schleifrohpapier, Verfahren zur Herstellung von imprägniertem Schleifrohpapier und dessen Verwendung
EP1304410A1 (fr) Laminé aux propriétés accrues
EP3058120A1 (fr) Support de garniture
DE102017214827B4 (de) Schleifmittelträger mit Gradientenstruktur
WO2013107721A1 (fr) Revêtement de cylindre contenant une charge minérale et une charge polymère
DE102015006672B4 (de) Imprägnierter Schleifmittelträger für feine Körnungen und daraus hergestellter Schleifartikel
DE102012101075A1 (de) Bahnförmiges Halbzeug, nämlich Putztapete
EP2439342A1 (fr) Treillis d'armature
EP2943352A1 (fr) Système de revêtement
DE102013202358A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Musterfiguren und industrielle oder Papiermaschinenbespannung mit Musterfiguren
WO2009138124A1 (fr) Film de recouvrement résistant à l'abrasion et aux rayures, et stratifié obtenu au moyen de ce film
EP1750904A1 (fr) Support en tissu de fibres melangees
EP3658641B1 (fr) Ruban adhésif comprenant un revêtement multicouche et son procédé de production
EP2088236A2 (fr) Habillage destiné à l'utilisation dans des machines de fabrication de bandes de matériau en forme de bandes de papier, carton ou tissu et procédé de fabrication d'un habillage de machine à papier
DE20121262U1 (de) Trägermaterial auf Vliesbasis insbesondere für ein Klebeband mit verbesserter Handeinreißbarkeit
CH650539A5 (de) Kunstleder.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20160512

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20181120

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502014011540

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1123567

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20190515

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20190424

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190724

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190824

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190725

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190724

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190824

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502014011540

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20200127

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191130

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191130

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191128

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20191130

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20191128

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191128

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191128

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191130

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 1123567

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20191128

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191128

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20141128

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190424

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230628

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20230929

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20231003

Year of fee payment: 10