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EP3058576A1 - Current transformer for low voltage residual current circuit breakers - Google Patents

Current transformer for low voltage residual current circuit breakers

Info

Publication number
EP3058576A1
EP3058576A1 EP14795967.0A EP14795967A EP3058576A1 EP 3058576 A1 EP3058576 A1 EP 3058576A1 EP 14795967 A EP14795967 A EP 14795967A EP 3058576 A1 EP3058576 A1 EP 3058576A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
printed circuit
current transformer
magnetic core
conductive
conductive bars
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14795967.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3058576B1 (en
Inventor
Paolo Antonello
Franco Colombo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
ABB SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB SpA filed Critical ABB SpA
Publication of EP3058576A1 publication Critical patent/EP3058576A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3058576B1 publication Critical patent/EP3058576B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/20—Instruments transformers
    • H01F38/22—Instruments transformers for single phase AC
    • H01F38/28—Current transformers
    • H01F38/30—Constructions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/20—Instruments transformers
    • H01F38/22—Instruments transformers for single phase AC
    • H01F38/28—Current transformers
    • H01F38/32—Circuit arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/20—Instruments transformers
    • H01F38/22—Instruments transformers for single phase AC
    • H01F38/28—Current transformers
    • H01F38/30—Constructions
    • H01F2038/305—Constructions with toroidal magnetic core

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a current transformer for low voltage residual current circuit breakers.
  • TA current or amperometric transformers
  • an amperometric or current transformer comprises a magnetic core and a primary and secondary winding structure operatively associated with the magnetic core.
  • the primary winding structure is formed by one or more primary conductors electrically connectable with the terminals or electric contacts of the residual current circuit breaker, in turn connected to the line and/or neutral conductors of an electric line.
  • the secondary winding structure is formed by one or more secondary conductors passing through the magnetic core and connectable, for example, with an electronic control device. Operative installation of an amperometric transformer in a residual current circuit breaker often requires the execution of particular shaping operations of the primary conductors, which must often be carried out manually with a possible significant increase in the overall dimensions and production and installation costs of the circuit breaker.
  • the main task of the present invention is to provide a current transformer for low voltage residual current circuit breakers that enables the disadvantages described above to be overcome.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a current transformer that has a particularly simple and sturdy structure.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a current transformer that is easily installable in a residual current circuit breaker, by means of operations that can be carried out automatically.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a current transformer that is easy and inexpensive to produce at industrial level.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrate an embodiment of the current transformer according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3-5 schematically illustrate a further embodiment of the current transformer according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6-7 schematically illustrate a further embodiment of the current transformer according to the present invention
  • FIG. 8 schematically illustrates another embodiment of the current transformer according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 schematically illustrates an example of installation in a residual current circuit breaker of the current transformer according to the present invention, in the embodiment of Figs. 3-5.
  • the present invention relates to a current transformer 1 for low voltage residual current circuit breakers.
  • the current transformer 1 comprises a first magnetic core 2 having a substantially toroidal structure.
  • the magnetic core 2 comprises a first shaped cavity 21 passing through the thickness of the same core.
  • the current transformer 1 can comprise a second magnetic core 8 having a substantially toroidal structure.
  • the second magnetic core 8, where present, comprises a second shaped cavity 81 passing through the thickness of the same core.
  • the magnetic cores 2 and 8 can be disposed side by side (Fig. 7) or separated by a spacer element.
  • the current transformer 1 comprises primary winding means comprising one or more primary conductors 31, 32, 33, 34 passing through the magnetic core 2, in particular through the shaped cavity 21.
  • the primary conductors 31, 32, 33, 34 also pass through the second magnetic core 8, in particular through the shaped cavity 81.
  • each of the primary conductors 31, 32, 33, 34 is arranged so as to pass through the magnetic core 2 only once (thus forming a single turn linked with the magnetic core 2).
  • each of the primary conductors 31, 32, 33, 34 is arranged so as to pass through the second magnetic core 8 only once.
  • the current transformer 1 comprises secondary winding means comprising one or more first secondary conductors 41 passing through the magnetic core 2, in particular through the shaped cavity 21.
  • each of the secondary conductors 41 is arranged so as to pass through the magnetic core 2 several times, thus forming a plurality of turns wound around the magnetic core 2.
  • the secondary winding means comprise one or more second secondary conductors 42 passing through the second magnetic core 8, in particular through the shaped cavity 81.
  • each of the secondary conductors 42 is arranged so as to pass through the second magnetic core 8 several times.
  • the current transformer 1 is arranged so that the primary conductors 31, 32, 33, 34 are electrically connectable with one or more corresponding further conductors 151, 152, 153, 154, 161, 162, 163, 164, for example the terminals or the electric contacts of the residual current circuit breaker in which the transformer is mounted (Figs. 8-9).
  • the current transformer 1 comprises first and second electric contacts for connection of the primary conductors 31, 32, 34, 34 to the further conductors 151, 152, 153, 154, 161, 162, 163, 164.
  • the current to be detected or measured can circulate along the primary conductors 31, 32, 33, 34.
  • the primary conductors 31, 32, 33, 34 are formed by shaped conductive bars.
  • the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 pass through the shaped cavity 21 of the magnetic core 2.
  • the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 also pass through the shaped cavity 81 of the second magnetic core 8.
  • Each of the shaped bars 31 , 32, 33, 34 is advantageously provided with a first shaped end 311, 321, 331, 341 and with a second shaped end 312, 322, 332, 342.
  • the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 are advantageously sized (in particular with regard to their diameter or thickness) as a function of the circulating rated current.
  • the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 extend rectilinearly but they could have more complex configurations, according to needs.
  • the current transformer 1 comprises a first printed circuit 5 that comprises one or more first conductive pads 51, 52, 53, 54.
  • the conductive pads 51, 52, 53, 54 are arranged so as to form the aforesaid first electric contacts of the current transformer 1. For this purpose, they are advantageously arranged so as to be electrically isolated from one another.
  • the conductive pads 51, 52, 53, 54 can advantageously be produced with known processing techniques and can be positioned at one or more faces of the printed circuit 5 as a function of the type of processing chosen to produce the same printed circuit.
  • the conductive pads 51, 52, 53, 54 are arranged at the face of the printed circuit 5 facing the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34.
  • the conductive pads 51, 52, 53, 54 are configured so as to have a relatively extensive area with respect to the mounting area of the face on which they are positioned, advantageously an area greater than or equal to 90% of the available mounting area.
  • the printed circuit 5 is operatively connected (electrically and mechanically) to the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34, at the conductive pads 51, 52, 53, 54.
  • each of the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 has the respective first shaped end 311, 321, 331, 341 fixed to the printed circuit 5 at a respective conductive pad 51, 52, 53, 54. Coupling between the end 311, 321, 331, 341 of each conductive bar 31, 32, 33, 34 and the corresponding conductive pad 51, 52, 53, 54 is produced so that each of the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 is mechanically supported by the printed circuit 5 and is electrically connected to the respective conductive pad 51, 52, 53, 54.
  • the printed circuit 5 is arranged perpendicularly with respect to the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34, as illustrated in the aforesaid figures.
  • the operative connection between the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 and the conductive pads 51, 52, 53, 54 can be produced by welding or brazing.
  • the printed circuit 5 comprises one or more first connection holes 55, 56, 57, 58, each of the which is positioned at a respective conductive pad 51, 52, 53, 54.
  • the shaped end 311, 321, 331, 341 of each of the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 is inserted with pressure (coupling of "press-fit” type) in a respective connection hole 55, 56, 57, 58 of the printed circuit 5.
  • the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 are mechanically coupled with the printed circuit 5 (which acts as mechanical support for the same) and are electrically connected with the respective conductive pads 51, 52, 53, 54, so as to enable the circulation of current between bars and conductive pads.
  • each of the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 is advantageously shaped in the form of a pin and is suitable sized to ensure reliable mechanical and electrical coupling with the edges of the respective connection hole 55, 56, 57, 58 in which it is inserted.
  • the operative coupling between the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 and the printed circuit 5 do not require welding or brazing operations.
  • the shaped ends 312, 322, 332, 342 of the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 are connectable with the aforesaid second electric contacts of the current transformer 1 by means of electric connections of known type.
  • the current transformer 1 comprises a second printed circuit 6.
  • the printed circuit 6 comprises one or more second conductive pads 61, 62, 63, 64.
  • the conductive pads 61, 62, 63, 64 are arranged so as to form the aforesaid second electric contacts of the current transformer 1.
  • the conductive pads 61, 62, 63, 64 can advantageously be produced with known processing techniques and positioned at one or more faces of the printed circuit 6 as a function of the type of processing chosen.
  • the conductive pads 61, 62, 63, 64 are arranged at the face of the printed circuit 6 facing the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 of the transformer 1.
  • the conductive pads 61, 62, 63, 64 are configured so as to have a relatively extensive area with respect to the mounting area of the face of the printed circuit 6 on which they are positioned, advantageously an area greater than or equal to 90% of the available mounting area.
  • the printed circuit 6 is operatively connected (electrically and mechanically) to the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34, at the conductive pads 61, 62, 63, 64.
  • each of the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 has the respective second shaped end 312, 322, 332, 342 fixed to the printed circuit 6 at a respective conductive pad 61, 62, 63, 64. Coupling between the end 312, 322, 332, 342 of the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 is produced so that each of the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 is mechanically supported by the printed circuit 6 and is electrically connected to the respective conductive pad 61, 62, 63, 64.
  • the printed circuit 6 is arranged perpendicularly with respect to the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34, as illustrated in Figs. 3-7.
  • the operative connection between the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 and the conductive pads 61, 62, 63, 64 can be produced by welding or brazing.
  • the printed circuit 6 comprises one or more second connection holes 65, 66, 67, 68, each of which is positioned at a respective conductive pad 61, 62, 63, 64.
  • the shaped end 312, 322, 332, 342 of each of the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 is inserted with pressure in a respective connection hole 65, 66, 67, 68 of the printed circuit 6.
  • the end 312, 322, 332, 342 of each of the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 is advantageously shaped in the form of a pin and appropriately sized to ensure efficient mechanical and electrical coupling with the edges of the respective connection hole 65, 66, 67, 68 in which it is inserted.
  • the current transformer 1 comprises a first partition structure 7 for the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34.
  • the partition structure 7 is advantageously adapted to act as spacer for the aforesaid conductive bars so as to ensure correct positioning and mutual electric isolation thereof.
  • the partition structure 7 is housed in the shaped cavity 21 of the magnetic core 2 so as to reduce the overall dimensions of the current transformer 1.
  • the partition structure 7 comprises a plurality of first insulating walls 71 arranged (for example with a cross-shaped configuration) so as to define, two by two, one or more first housings for the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34.
  • the current transformer 1 preferably comprises a second partition structure 9 for the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34.
  • the partition structure 9 is housed in the shaped cavity 81 of the second magnetic core 8.
  • the partition structure 9 comprises a plurality of first insulating walls 91 arranged (for example with cross-shaped configuration) so as to define, two by two, one or more second housings for the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34.
  • the current transformer 1 is operatively connected to electronic means 200, for example the control unit of the circuit breaker in which it is mounted.
  • the electronic means 200 are electrically connected to the secondary winding means of the current transformer 1, in particular to the first secondary conductors 41 and, where present, to the second secondary conductors 42.
  • the electronic means 200 (for example comprising a microprocessor unit) are adapted to receive and process (current) detection or measurement signals coming from the secondary winding means 4.
  • the current transformer 1 comprises third electric contacts for connection of the secondary conductors 41 and/or 42 with the aforesaid electronic means.
  • the printed circuit 5 and/or the printed circuit 6 comprise at least one mounting space for housing the electronic means 200.
  • the printed circuit 5 and/or the printed circuit 6 comprise one or more third pads 201 arranged so as to form the aforesaid third electric contacts of the current transformer.
  • the electronic means 200 and the related conductive pads 201 are positioned at one or more faces of the printed circuit 5 and/or of the printed circuit 6.
  • the electronic means 200 are operatively positioned at a mounting space 202 of the printed circuit 5.
  • they could be operatively positioned only at the printed circuit 6 or at both the printed circuits 5, 6.
  • An important aspect of the present invention relates to a residual current circuit breaker 900 that comprises the current transformer 1.
  • the residual current circuit breaker 900 comprises the current transformer 1 in the embodiment of Figs. 3-5.
  • the circuit breaker 900 comprises the input terminals 181, 182, 183, 184 and the output terminals 161, 162, 163, 164 connectable to one or more conductors (line and/or neutral) of an electric line (not illustrated).
  • the circuit breaker 900 also comprises the moving contacts 151, 152, 153, 154 and the fixed contacts 171, 172, 173, 174 mutually couplable/decouplable.
  • the current transformer 1 is installed so that the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 are electrically connected to the output terminals 161, 162, 163, 164 of the circuit breaker and to the moving contacts 151, 152, 153, 154.
  • the conductive pads 51, 52, 53, 54 are thus electrically connected with the moving contacts 151, 152, 153, 154 while the conductive pads 61, 62, 63, 64 are electrically connected with the output terminals 161, 162, 163, 164.
  • the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 of the current transformer 1 thus ensure electrical continuity between the output terminals and the moving contacts of the circuit breaker 900.
  • the current transformer 1 is capable of detecting circulation of residual fault currents along the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 and, therefore, the presence of earth leakage currents in the electric line connected to the input and output terminals of the circuit breaker 900.
  • the conductive pads 51, 52, 53, 54, 61, 62, 63, 64 are already electrically connected to the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 and in a predefined position with respect to this latter.
  • the current transformer 1 has a sturdy and compact structure, easily connectable with the terminals or electric contacts of the circuit breaker.
  • Installation of the current transformer 1 in a switch can be carried out by means of operations that can be easily automated at industrial level.
  • the current transformer 1 is easy to produce at industrial level at competitive costs with amperometric transformers for low voltage residual current circuit breakers of know type.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transformers For Measuring Instruments (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)

Abstract

A current transformer (1) for low voltage residual current circuit breakers characterized in that it comprises: - a first magnetic core (2); - primary winding means comprising one or more primary conductors (31, 32, 33, 34) passing through said first magnetic core; - secondary winding means comprising one or more first secondary conductors (42) passing through said first magnetic core; - first electric contacts (51, 52, 53, 54) and second electric contacts (61, 62, 63, 64) for connection of said primary conductors to one or more further conductors. The primary conductors (31, 32, 33, 34) are formed by conductive bars each having a first shaped end (311, 321, 331, 341) and a second shaped end (312, 322, 332, 342). The current transformer comprises a first printed circuit (5) comprising one or more first conductive pads (51, 52, 53, 54) arranged to form the first electric contacts of said current transformer. Each of said conductive bars has the first shaped end (311, 321, 331, 341) fixed to said first printed circuit at a respective first conductive pad (51, 52, 53, 54) of said first printed circuit so as to be mechanically supported by said first printed circuit and be electrically connected to said first conductive pad.

Description

CURRENT TRANSFORMER FOR LOW VOLTAGE RESIDUAL CURRENT CIRCUIT
BREAKERS DESCRIPTION
The present invention relates to a current transformer for low voltage residual current circuit breakers.
The use of current or amperometric transformers (TA) in low voltage residual current circuit breakers (voltages of less than 1 kV AC and 1.5 kV DC) is widely known.
Typically, an amperometric or current transformer comprises a magnetic core and a primary and secondary winding structure operatively associated with the magnetic core.
The primary winding structure is formed by one or more primary conductors electrically connectable with the terminals or electric contacts of the residual current circuit breaker, in turn connected to the line and/or neutral conductors of an electric line.
The secondary winding structure is formed by one or more secondary conductors passing through the magnetic core and connectable, for example, with an electronic control device. Operative installation of an amperometric transformer in a residual current circuit breaker often requires the execution of particular shaping operations of the primary conductors, which must often be carried out manually with a possible significant increase in the overall dimensions and production and installation costs of the circuit breaker.
The main task of the present invention is to provide a current transformer for low voltage residual current circuit breakers that enables the disadvantages described above to be overcome.
Within this task, another object of the present invention is to provide a current transformer that has a particularly simple and sturdy structure.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a current transformer that is easily installable in a residual current circuit breaker, by means of operations that can be carried out automatically.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a current transformer that is easy and inexpensive to produce at industrial level.
This task and these objects, together with other objects that will be more apparent from the subsequent description and from the accompanying drawings, are achieved, according to the invention, by a current transformer for low voltage circuit breakers according to claim 1 and to the related dependent claims.
Further characteristics and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent with reference to the description given below and to the accompanying figures, provided purely for explanatory and non-limiting purposes, wherein:
- Figs. 1-2 schematically illustrate an embodiment of the current transformer according to the present invention;
- Figs. 3-5 schematically illustrate a further embodiment of the current transformer according to the present invention;
- Figs. 6-7 schematically illustrate a further embodiment of the current transformer according to the present invention;
- Fig. 8 schematically illustrates another embodiment of the current transformer according to the present invention; and
- Fig. 9 schematically illustrates an example of installation in a residual current circuit breaker of the current transformer according to the present invention, in the embodiment of Figs. 3-5.
With reference to the aforesaid figures, the present invention relates to a current transformer 1 for low voltage residual current circuit breakers.
The current transformer 1 comprises a first magnetic core 2 having a substantially toroidal structure.
The magnetic core 2 comprises a first shaped cavity 21 passing through the thickness of the same core.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the current transformer 1 can comprise a second magnetic core 8 having a substantially toroidal structure.
The second magnetic core 8, where present, comprises a second shaped cavity 81 passing through the thickness of the same core.
The magnetic cores 2 and 8 can be disposed side by side (Fig. 7) or separated by a spacer element.
The current transformer 1 comprises primary winding means comprising one or more primary conductors 31, 32, 33, 34 passing through the magnetic core 2, in particular through the shaped cavity 21.
In the case in which the current transformer 1 comprises a second magnetic core 8, the primary conductors 31, 32, 33, 34 also pass through the second magnetic core 8, in particular through the shaped cavity 81.
Preferably, each of the primary conductors 31, 32, 33, 34 is arranged so as to pass through the magnetic core 2 only once (thus forming a single turn linked with the magnetic core 2).
Likewise, in the case in which the current transformer 1 comprises a second magnetic core 8, each of the primary conductors 31, 32, 33, 34 is arranged so as to pass through the second magnetic core 8 only once.
The current transformer 1 comprises secondary winding means comprising one or more first secondary conductors 41 passing through the magnetic core 2, in particular through the shaped cavity 21.
Preferably, each of the secondary conductors 41 is arranged so as to pass through the magnetic core 2 several times, thus forming a plurality of turns wound around the magnetic core 2.
In the case in which the current transformer 1 comprises a second magnetic core 8, the secondary winding means comprise one or more second secondary conductors 42 passing through the second magnetic core 8, in particular through the shaped cavity 81.
Preferably, each of the secondary conductors 42 is arranged so as to pass through the second magnetic core 8 several times.
The current transformer 1 is arranged so that the primary conductors 31, 32, 33, 34 are electrically connectable with one or more corresponding further conductors 151, 152, 153, 154, 161, 162, 163, 164, for example the terminals or the electric contacts of the residual current circuit breaker in which the transformer is mounted (Figs. 8-9).
Advantageously, the current transformer 1 comprises first and second electric contacts for connection of the primary conductors 31, 32, 34, 34 to the further conductors 151, 152, 153, 154, 161, 162, 163, 164.
In this way, the current to be detected or measured can circulate along the primary conductors 31, 32, 33, 34.
According to the invention, the primary conductors 31, 32, 33, 34 are formed by shaped conductive bars.
As mentioned above, the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 pass through the shaped cavity 21 of the magnetic core 2.
In the case in which the current transformer 1 comprises a second magnetic core 8, the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 also pass through the shaped cavity 81 of the second magnetic core 8.
Each of the shaped bars 31 , 32, 33, 34 is advantageously provided with a first shaped end 311, 321, 331, 341 and with a second shaped end 312, 322, 332, 342.
The conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 are advantageously sized (in particular with regard to their diameter or thickness) as a function of the circulating rated current.
The can be made of copper and be covered by a layer of insulating material.
Preferably, the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 extend rectilinearly but they could have more complex configurations, according to needs.
According to the invention, the current transformer 1 comprises a first printed circuit 5 that comprises one or more first conductive pads 51, 52, 53, 54.
The conductive pads 51, 52, 53, 54 are arranged so as to form the aforesaid first electric contacts of the current transformer 1. For this purpose, they are advantageously arranged so as to be electrically isolated from one another.
The conductive pads 51, 52, 53, 54 can advantageously be produced with known processing techniques and can be positioned at one or more faces of the printed circuit 5 as a function of the type of processing chosen to produce the same printed circuit.
Preferably, the conductive pads 51, 52, 53, 54 are arranged at the face of the printed circuit 5 facing the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34.
Preferably, the conductive pads 51, 52, 53, 54 are configured so as to have a relatively extensive area with respect to the mounting area of the face on which they are positioned, advantageously an area greater than or equal to 90% of the available mounting area.
It has been seen how this enables a significant improvement in heat exchange between the current transformer 1 and the surrounding environment, with the same circulating rated current.
According to the invention, the printed circuit 5 is operatively connected (electrically and mechanically) to the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34, at the conductive pads 51, 52, 53, 54. In particular, each of the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 has the respective first shaped end 311, 321, 331, 341 fixed to the printed circuit 5 at a respective conductive pad 51, 52, 53, 54. Coupling between the end 311, 321, 331, 341 of each conductive bar 31, 32, 33, 34 and the corresponding conductive pad 51, 52, 53, 54 is produced so that each of the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 is mechanically supported by the printed circuit 5 and is electrically connected to the respective conductive pad 51, 52, 53, 54.
Preferably, for obvious reasons of limiting the overall dimensions, the printed circuit 5 is arranged perpendicularly with respect to the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34, as illustrated in the aforesaid figures.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the operative connection between the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 and the conductive pads 51, 52, 53, 54 can be produced by welding or brazing.
According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, the printed circuit 5 comprises one or more first connection holes 55, 56, 57, 58, each of the which is positioned at a respective conductive pad 51, 52, 53, 54. Preferably, the shaped end 311, 321, 331, 341 of each of the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 is inserted with pressure (coupling of "press-fit" type) in a respective connection hole 55, 56, 57, 58 of the printed circuit 5.
In this way, the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 are mechanically coupled with the printed circuit 5 (which acts as mechanical support for the same) and are electrically connected with the respective conductive pads 51, 52, 53, 54, so as to enable the circulation of current between bars and conductive pads.
Advantageously, the end 311, 321, 331, 341 of each of the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 is advantageously shaped in the form of a pin and is suitable sized to ensure reliable mechanical and electrical coupling with the edges of the respective connection hole 55, 56, 57, 58 in which it is inserted.
In these embodiments of the invention, the operative coupling between the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 and the printed circuit 5 do not require welding or brazing operations.
It is particularly simple to produce at industrial level, is characterized by relatively high thermal dissipation coefficients and relatively low contact resistances and ensures high reliability over time.
In some embodiments of the present invention (Figs. 1-2), the shaped ends 312, 322, 332, 342 of the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 are connectable with the aforesaid second electric contacts of the current transformer 1 by means of electric connections of known type.
According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, the current transformer 1 comprises a second printed circuit 6.
The printed circuit 6 comprises one or more second conductive pads 61, 62, 63, 64.
The conductive pads 61, 62, 63, 64 are arranged so as to form the aforesaid second electric contacts of the current transformer 1.
For this purpose, they are advantageously arranged so as to be electrically isolated from one another.
Also the conductive pads 61, 62, 63, 64 can advantageously be produced with known processing techniques and positioned at one or more faces of the printed circuit 6 as a function of the type of processing chosen.
Preferably, the conductive pads 61, 62, 63, 64 are arranged at the face of the printed circuit 6 facing the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 of the transformer 1.
Preferably, the conductive pads 61, 62, 63, 64 are configured so as to have a relatively extensive area with respect to the mounting area of the face of the printed circuit 6 on which they are positioned, advantageously an area greater than or equal to 90% of the available mounting area.
Advantageously, the printed circuit 6 is operatively connected (electrically and mechanically) to the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34, at the conductive pads 61, 62, 63, 64.
In particular, each of the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 has the respective second shaped end 312, 322, 332, 342 fixed to the printed circuit 6 at a respective conductive pad 61, 62, 63, 64. Coupling between the end 312, 322, 332, 342 of the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 is produced so that each of the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 is mechanically supported by the printed circuit 6 and is electrically connected to the respective conductive pad 61, 62, 63, 64. Preferably, for evident reasons of limiting the overall dimensions, also the printed circuit 6 is arranged perpendicularly with respect to the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34, as illustrated in Figs. 3-7.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the operative connection between the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 and the conductive pads 61, 62, 63, 64 can be produced by welding or brazing.
According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, the printed circuit 6 comprises one or more second connection holes 65, 66, 67, 68, each of which is positioned at a respective conductive pad 61, 62, 63, 64.
Preferably, the shaped end 312, 322, 332, 342 of each of the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 is inserted with pressure in a respective connection hole 65, 66, 67, 68 of the printed circuit 6. For this purpose, the end 312, 322, 332, 342 of each of the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 is advantageously shaped in the form of a pin and appropriately sized to ensure efficient mechanical and electrical coupling with the edges of the respective connection hole 65, 66, 67, 68 in which it is inserted.
Preferably, the current transformer 1 comprises a first partition structure 7 for the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34.
The partition structure 7 is advantageously adapted to act as spacer for the aforesaid conductive bars so as to ensure correct positioning and mutual electric isolation thereof.
Preferably, the partition structure 7 is housed in the shaped cavity 21 of the magnetic core 2 so as to reduce the overall dimensions of the current transformer 1.
Preferably, the partition structure 7 comprises a plurality of first insulating walls 71 arranged (for example with a cross-shaped configuration) so as to define, two by two, one or more first housings for the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34.
In the case in which it comprises a second magnetic core 8, the current transformer 1 preferably comprises a second partition structure 9 for the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34. Preferably, the partition structure 9 is housed in the shaped cavity 81 of the second magnetic core 8.
Preferably, the partition structure 9 comprises a plurality of first insulating walls 91 arranged (for example with cross-shaped configuration) so as to define, two by two, one or more second housings for the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34.
According to some embodiments of the present invention (Fig. 8), the current transformer 1 is operatively connected to electronic means 200, for example the control unit of the circuit breaker in which it is mounted.
The electronic means 200 are electrically connected to the secondary winding means of the current transformer 1, in particular to the first secondary conductors 41 and, where present, to the second secondary conductors 42.
The electronic means 200 (for example comprising a microprocessor unit) are adapted to receive and process (current) detection or measurement signals coming from the secondary winding means 4.
Advantageously, the current transformer 1 comprises third electric contacts for connection of the secondary conductors 41 and/or 42 with the aforesaid electronic means.
Preferably, the printed circuit 5 and/or the printed circuit 6 comprise at least one mounting space for housing the electronic means 200.
Preferably, the printed circuit 5 and/or the printed circuit 6 comprise one or more third pads 201 arranged so as to form the aforesaid third electric contacts of the current transformer. Preferably, the electronic means 200 and the related conductive pads 201 are positioned at one or more faces of the printed circuit 5 and/or of the printed circuit 6.
In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 8, the electronic means 200 are operatively positioned at a mounting space 202 of the printed circuit 5.
According to other embodiments, they could be operatively positioned only at the printed circuit 6 or at both the printed circuits 5, 6.
It is evident how installation of the electronic means 200 at least at one of the printed circuits 5, 6 enables simplification of the structure of the circuit breaker in which the current transformer 1 is installed.
In fact, preparation of a dedicated electronic card is not required for housing the electronic means 200, as the mounting space 202 provided by the printed circuits 5, 6 can easily be used. An important aspect of the present invention relates to a residual current circuit breaker 900 that comprises the current transformer 1.
In Fig. 9, the residual current circuit breaker 900 comprises the current transformer 1 in the embodiment of Figs. 3-5.
The circuit breaker 900 comprises the input terminals 181, 182, 183, 184 and the output terminals 161, 162, 163, 164 connectable to one or more conductors (line and/or neutral) of an electric line (not illustrated).
The circuit breaker 900 also comprises the moving contacts 151, 152, 153, 154 and the fixed contacts 171, 172, 173, 174 mutually couplable/decouplable.
Advantageously, the current transformer 1 is installed so that the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 are electrically connected to the output terminals 161, 162, 163, 164 of the circuit breaker and to the moving contacts 151, 152, 153, 154.
The conductive pads 51, 52, 53, 54 are thus electrically connected with the moving contacts 151, 152, 153, 154 while the conductive pads 61, 62, 63, 64 are electrically connected with the output terminals 161, 162, 163, 164.
The conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 of the current transformer 1 thus ensure electrical continuity between the output terminals and the moving contacts of the circuit breaker 900. The current transformer 1 is capable of detecting circulation of residual fault currents along the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 and, therefore, the presence of earth leakage currents in the electric line connected to the input and output terminals of the circuit breaker 900.
It is evident how the particular structure of the current transformer 1 facilitates installation of this latter in the circuit breaker 900.
In the current transformer 1, the conductive pads 51, 52, 53, 54, 61, 62, 63, 64 are already electrically connected to the conductive bars 31, 32, 33, 34 and in a predefined position with respect to this latter.
They are easy to reach and offer a relatively large surface for making the electrical connections with the terminals and electric contacts of the circuit breaker 900.
It has been seen in practice how the current transformer 1 according to the present invention allows the task to be satisfied and the set objects to be achieved.
The current transformer 1 has a sturdy and compact structure, easily connectable with the terminals or electric contacts of the circuit breaker.
Installation of the current transformer 1 in a switch can be carried out by means of operations that can be easily automated at industrial level.
No bending and shaping operations of the primary winding means of the current transformer are required.
It is also possible to use mounting spaces on the current transformer to position the electronic control unit of the circuit breaker. This offers considerable benefits in terms of decreasing the overall dimensions and reducing the production times of the circuit breaker.
The current transformer 1 is easy to produce at industrial level at competitive costs with amperometric transformers for low voltage residual current circuit breakers of know type.

Claims

A current transformer (1) for low voltage residual current circuit breakers comprising:
- a first magnetic core (2);
- primary winding means comprising one or more primary conductors (31 , 32, 33, 34) passing through said first magnetic core;
- secondary winding means comprising one or more first secondary conductors (42) passing through said first magnetic core;
- first electric contacts (51, 52, 53, 54) and second electric contacts (61, 62, 63, 64) for connection of said primary conductors to one or more further conductors;
characterized in that said primary conductors (31, 32, 33, 34) are formed by conductive bars each having a first shaped end (311, 321, 331, 341) and a second shaped end (312, 322, 332, 342), said current transformer comprising a first printed circuit (5) comprising one or more first conductive pads (51, 52, 53, 54) that form said first electric contacts, each of said conductive bars having the first shaped end (311, 321, 331, 341) fixed to said first printed circuit at a respective first conductive pad (51, 52, 53, 54) of said first printed circuit so as to be mechanically supported by said first printed circuit and be electrically connected to said first conductive pad.
The current transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that said first printed circuit (5) comprises one or more first connection holes (55, 56, 57, 58), each of which is positioned at a respective first conductive pad (51, 52, 53, 54) of said first printed circuit, each of said conductive bars having the first shaped end (311, 321, 331, 341) inserted with pressure in a respective first connection hole of said first printed circuit.
The current transformer according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a second printed circuit (6) comprising one or more second conductive pads (61, 62, 63, 64) that form said second electric contacts, each of said conductive bars having the second shaped end (313, 323, 333, 343) fixed to said second printed circuit at a respective second conductive pad (61, 62, 63, 64) of said second printed circuit so as to be mechanically supported by said second printed circuit and be electrically connected to said second conductive pad.
The current transformer according to claim 3, characterized in that said second printed circuit (6) comprises one or more second connection holes (65, 66, 67, 68), each of which is positioned at a respective second conductive pad (61, 62, 63, 64) of said second printed circuit, each of said conductive bars having the second shaped end (312, 322, 332, 342) inserted with pressure in a respective second connection hole of said second printed circuit.
5. The current transformer according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a first partition structure (7) for said conductive bars, said first partition structure being housed in a first shaped cavity (21) of said first magnetic core (2)·
6. The current transformer according to claim 5, characterized in that said first partition structure (7) comprises a plurality of first insulating walls (71) that define, two by two, first housings for said conductive bars.
7. The current transformer according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a second magnetic core (8) comprising a second shaped cavity (81) passing through the thickness of said second magnetic core, said conductive bars (31, 32, 33, 34) passing through said second magnetic core, said secondary winding means comprising one or more second secondary conductors (42) passing through said second magnetic core.
8. The current transformer according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises a second partition structure (9) for said conductive bars, said second partition structure being housed in a second shaped cavity (81) of said second magnetic core (8).
9. The current transformer according to claim 8, characterized in that said second partition structure (9) comprises a plurality of second insulating walls (91) that define, two by two, second housings for said conductive bars.
10. The current transformer according to one or more of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that said secondary winding means are electrically connected to electronic means (200), said first printed circuit (5) and/or said second printed circuit (6) comprising at least one mounting space (202) for said electronic means.
11. A low voltage residual current circuit breaker (900) characterized in that it comprises a current transformer (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims.
EP14795967.0A 2013-10-17 2014-10-14 Current transformer for low voltage residual current circuit breakers Not-in-force EP3058576B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT001736A ITMI20131736A1 (en) 2013-10-17 2013-10-17 CURRENT TRANSFORMER FOR LOW VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL SWITCHES
PCT/EP2014/071978 WO2015055628A1 (en) 2013-10-17 2014-10-14 Current transformer for low voltage residual current circuit breakers

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3058576A1 true EP3058576A1 (en) 2016-08-24
EP3058576B1 EP3058576B1 (en) 2018-05-30

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14795967.0A Not-in-force EP3058576B1 (en) 2013-10-17 2014-10-14 Current transformer for low voltage residual current circuit breakers

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Country Link
EP (1) EP3058576B1 (en)
CN (1) CN105706194A (en)
IT (1) ITMI20131736A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2015055628A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112447385B (en) * 2020-12-03 2022-04-01 国创移动能源创新中心(江苏)有限公司 High-power electric leakage mutual inductor for copper bar measurement
CN114905438B (en) * 2022-06-02 2024-05-03 Abb瑞士股份有限公司 Conductor positioning device for leakage transformer and leakage detection equipment

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS582010A (en) * 1981-06-25 1983-01-07 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd High-frequency heater
JPH0828182B2 (en) * 1989-07-10 1996-03-21 富士電機株式会社 Earth leakage circuit breaker
JPH04267028A (en) * 1991-02-21 1992-09-22 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Overcurrent trip device for circuit breaker
KR100549396B1 (en) * 2004-05-18 2006-02-03 유인기 Apparatus for Breaking Leakage Circuit and Manufacturing Method Thereof
CN2836202Y (en) * 2005-08-01 2006-11-08 西华大学 PCB-based hollow coil current transformer
IES20070918A2 (en) * 2007-12-19 2009-03-18 Atreus Entpr Ltd A current transformer
US7948724B2 (en) * 2008-09-25 2011-05-24 Eaton Corporation Current transformer support bracket and circuit interrupter including the same
CN202905448U (en) * 2012-11-12 2013-04-24 常熟开关制造有限公司(原常熟开关厂） Master loop fixing structure for zero sequence current transformers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN105706194A (en) 2016-06-22
EP3058576B1 (en) 2018-05-30
WO2015055628A1 (en) 2015-04-23
ITMI20131736A1 (en) 2015-04-18

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