EP2998052B1 - Method and device for narrow surfaces coating of plate-shaped semi-finished products or workpieces - Google Patents
Method and device for narrow surfaces coating of plate-shaped semi-finished products or workpieces Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2998052B1 EP2998052B1 EP15186320.6A EP15186320A EP2998052B1 EP 2998052 B1 EP2998052 B1 EP 2998052B1 EP 15186320 A EP15186320 A EP 15186320A EP 2998052 B1 EP2998052 B1 EP 2998052B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- carbon dioxide
- narrow
- air
- mixture
- plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 title claims description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 42
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 18
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 248
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 124
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 124
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011093 chipboard Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 37
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 37
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 34
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 22
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007420 reactivation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000029154 Narrow face Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007786 electrostatic charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000989 no adverse effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 veneer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D5/00—Other working of veneer or plywood specially adapted to veneer or plywood
- B27D5/003—Other working of veneer or plywood specially adapted to veneer or plywood securing a veneer strip to a panel edge
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D5/00—Other working of veneer or plywood specially adapted to veneer or plywood
- B27D5/006—Trimming, chamfering or bevelling edgings, e.g. lists
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for narrow-surface coating of plate-shaped semi-finished products or workpieces, according to the preamble of claims 1 and 7.
- Such a method and such a device are of DE29819350U1 known.
- Plate-shaped semi-finished products made of wood or wood-based materials, such as chipboard or medium-density fiberboard, are used in industry u. a. used for the production of inexpensive furniture panels for living and kitchen furniture.
- the plate-shaped semi-finished products have a thickness between 16 mm and 100 mm depending on the mechanical load of the future furniture panel.
- the two top surfaces of the plate-shaped wood material are coated with a top layer of small thickness of wood material, veneer, foil, plastic or metal. The conclusion of the narrow surfaces on the outer end-side circumference of the provided with cover layers wood materials is carried out regularly by a narrow-surface coating.
- a “narrow-surface coating” or an “edge material” is understood to mean a rod-shaped or strip-like coating material made of plastic, paper, wood, wood veneer or other suitable materials which has the most form-fitting veneering of the frontal narrow-surface region between the two outer layers of a coated one Wooden board serves.
- Common narrow-surface coatings consist of PVC, ABS, PP, melamine, paper, aluminum, wood veneer or solid wood and are generally used in thicknesses of 0.25 mm to 4 mm.
- the application of the narrow-surface coating on the frontal narrow surface of the plate-shaped wood material is usually carried out by gluing with a fast-curing binder, such as a hot melt adhesive, a cohesive connection between the, not visible after bonding underside of the narrow surface band and the surface of the end face of the plate-shaped wood material produces.
- a fast-curing binder such as a hot melt adhesive
- Kantenanleimmaschinen or processing systems are used depending on the number / lot size and the dimensions of the plates to be processed, in which already coated with two cover layers wood board passes through several workstations in which the surface of the plate formatted and is coated. Initially, the still uncoated narrow surface of the already coated with the two cover layers plate is machined by cutting tools, such as cutters or saws to the desired shape and size.
- the adhesive As a hot melt, applied to the narrow surface of the plate to be coated. Preference is given to using hot melt adhesives based on polyurethane. For narrow surface bands with already applied hotmelt adhesive, the adhesive is activated by hot air nozzles or plasma lasers.
- the supply of the applied narrow-surface material which is usually stored as a belt / Keul or magazine.
- the front edge of the edge material is joined together at the front edge of the wood-based panel provided with the cover layers and formatted.
- the edge materials are adapted to the workpiece thickness of the plate.
- the width of the narrow surface band is regularly selected larger than the desired thickness of the coated material plate.
- a two-sided supernatant of about 2 to 3 mm is selected, which is removed in a later step, together with excess adhesive, by machining. This is to a uniform and tight completion of the joint connection can be realized.
- the narrow-surface material is separated at the end of the plate. This is usually done with a small protrusion on the front and rear edges of the plate.
- the tape After application of the narrow band, the tape is pressed by a plurality of pressure-loaded pressing elements, such. B. pressure rollers or pressure shoes, pressed onto the narrow surface of the plate.
- a plurality of pressure-loaded pressing elements such. B. pressure rollers or pressure shoes, pressed onto the narrow surface of the plate.
- the hot melt adhesive between edge material and the narrow surface of the plate is compacted.
- the viscosity of the adhesive used is very low in this phase, so that it comes regularly despite the use of cooled pressure elements to leakage of the hot melt adhesive on the surfaces of the plate.
- the two-sided projection of the narrow-surface material is removed by machining together with the leaked adhesive.
- multi-edged milling tools are used, which operate at speeds of 10,000 rev / min to 16,000 rev / min.
- the hot melt adhesive used after the already initiated solidification.
- thin-bodied hot-melt adhesive emerges from the adhesive joint, which leads to contamination of the milling and grinding tools, the guide devices of the machine and the workpiece surfaces.
- a liquid separating or cooling agent is sprayed onto the surface of the narrow-area material, whereby the hot-melt adhesive solidifies faster.
- the liquid separating or cooling agent is intended to prevent the chips from adhering to the workpiece as a result of the electrostatic charging during the subsequent cutting processes.
- Such liquid coolant are from the DE 100 42 431 C1 known.
- the supernatant of an edge band is milled off by means of an edge band milling cutter.
- the electrostatic charge of the wetted areas and / or the milling chips preventing release agent applied. This should be achieved that the resulting chips are better removed, so that the further processing is simplified after Kantenbandanleimen.
- the resulting milling chips can be better removed by suction because they no longer adhere to the plate surface or the edge band.
- the agent used consists of a mixture of water, alcohol and surfactant.
- the hot melt adhesive is applied to the uncoated edge region of the plate element and the, held on a roll edged edge strip with a slight excess with its adhesive side pressed against the adhesive-coated edge region of the plate member.
- the, emerging from the adhesive joint during the setting process as a result of the applied pressure adhesive and the excess of the edge strip of the edge portions of the plate member at the top and / or bottom is removed by machining.
- a substance applied which disables the, exiting from the adhesive joint excess adhesive residues in their adhesion, so that form non-adhesive adhesive particles, which are removed when removing the protruding edge strip from the edge area with.
- the substance is applied in strips on the edge areas of the top and bottom.
- the substance used consists of a water-dispersed, polymeric fluid.
- liquid separating or cooling agent is from the DE 10 2007 014 832 B3 a method for the narrow-surface coating of plates with a core layer of low density, in which the binder (hot melt adhesive) is cooled by blowing air onto the already bonded edge band or by a running metal rail.
- a disadvantage of the air cooling is the low efficiency, which does not allow sufficient cooling at high working and feed speeds of the plates to be processed at the maximum allowable flow velocity at the plants. The same applies to the alternative use of known air-cooled rails.
- pressurized gas for.
- nitrogen or carbon dioxide is applied through nozzles on the grinding wheel and contributes to the cooling.
- pressurized liquid carbon dioxide is used to cool a specific lubricant whose viscosity increases with decreasing temperature.
- edge banding machines or processing systems are increasingly being used, which enable feed rates of the plate-shaped semi-finished products of up to 300 m / min.
- the object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a method and apparatus for narrow-surface coating of a plate-shaped semifinished product or workpiece in mass production and mass production, the quality of processing narrow-area materials, in particular small thickness, with respect to the State of the art allow significantly higher feed rates.
- the process should be able to be used at comparable unit costs on known Kantenanleimmaschinen or processing systems without significant changes in the technological process must be made.
- the cost-intensive and quality-endangering use of liquid coolants should be completely eliminated.
- the prepared narrow surface by means of a hot melt adhesive, which directly or indirectly heated and with the applied thin surface material is connected under the action of pressure and temperature and the narrow surface and the adjacent cover layers of the plate-shaped semi-finished machined, before and / or after and / or after a machining at least the machined or machined areas of the plate-shaped semifinished product by a flow of liquid and / or gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air cooled.
- connection of the narrow surface with the narrow-surface material by means of the hot-melt adhesive is realized by means of known methods.
- the hot melt adhesive can be applied cold to the prepared narrow surface and then heated or hot applied to the prepared narrow surface and possibly reheated.
- the hotmelt adhesive may also be applied hot or cold to the narrow-area material or may already be integrated in the narrow-area belt, wherein at least the cold hot-melt adhesive is still heated to produce a connection with the narrow area.
- At least the joining zone according to the invention after the pressing of the narrow-face material a flow of liquid and / or gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of liquid and / or gaseous Exposed to carbon dioxide and air.
- the cooling effect is realized by the conversion of liquid carbon dioxide into gaseous carbon dioxide.
- other areas of the semifinished product and the tools used or parts thereof by the same flow of liquid and / or gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of liquid and / or gaseous carbon dioxide and air or by a flow of the fully converted by phase conversion of carbon dioxide or a mixture of gaseous carbon dioxide and air are cooled.
- the liquid carbon dioxide is preferably introduced in a line directly to the area to be cooled of the semifinished product or tool, the carbon dioxide a Pressure between 5.6 MPa to 8 MPa (56 bar to 80 bar) at an ambient temperature between 20 ° C and 40 ° C.
- the liquid carbon dioxide preferably exits from a punctiform or area-effect nozzle into the immediate surrounding area of the area of the semifinished product or tool which, for example, has normal pressure, so that the liquid carbon dioxide is converted into gaseous carbon dioxide and expanded. Both physical effects overlap and lead to the strong cooling effect.
- the cooling performance is mainly due to the amount of carbon dioxide exiting, i. H. by the volume flow of liquid carbon dioxide. If only a small cooling capacity, but a high volume flow of fluid impinging on the semifinished product is needed, the liquid carbon dioxide can be mixed with an additional gas, for example. Air or gaseous carbon dioxide. In this case, the additional gas in a closed mixing chamber, d. H. before the liquid carbon dioxide is discharged into the surrounding region of the region of the semifinished product to be cooled, or directly into the surrounding region of the region of the semifinished product to be cooled.
- an additional gas for example. Air or gaseous carbon dioxide.
- the additional gas preferably has the same pressure as the liquid carbon dioxide, but may also be applied with a different pressure.
- the pressure of the additional gas and its temperature are preferably selected so that the phase transformation of the liquid carbon dioxide into gaseous carbon dioxide does not take place or not yet completely in the closed mixing chamber.
- a complete phase transformation of the liquid carbon dioxide into gaseous carbon dioxide in the closed mixing chamber is also possible.
- the mixing ratio of liquid carbon dioxide and additional gas is determined by the volume flow and temperature of the mixed fluid required in the area to be cooled of the semifinished product and can be between 1: 600 to 1: 6000, the first number being the volume of the liquid carbon dioxide in liters and the second number indicates the volume of additional gas in liters.
- the temperature profile in the joining zone can be adapted to the physical and chemical properties of the adhesive used and to the technological processing conditions of production (feed speed of the edge banding machine, rotational speed of the cutting tools, etc.).
- a laminar flow of gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air is used for the cooling of individual or all relevant workstations.
- the temperature profile in the joining zone and in particular in the adhesive layer can be discretely influenced temporarily and locally.
- a turbulent, in particular a pulse-like flow of gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air is used for cooling individual or all relevant workstations.
- a significant advantage of liquid or gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air as a coolant is the high availability of carbon dioxide on the one hand in the air, from which the carbon dioxide is removed and liquefied and in which it can be released after use (balanced carbon dioxide). Balance sheet), and on the other hand as a waste product of the chemical industry and the resulting low operating costs.
- carbon dioxide acts flame-retardant, so that it can be used preferably and safely even in places with a fire hazard (use of lasers to heat the joint zone).
- Another advantage of using liquid and / or gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air as a coolant is the chemical inactivity, so that there is no adverse effect on the plate-shaped semifinished product, the hot melt adhesive or the narrow surface coating.
- the method can preferably also be used in edge banding machines and processing systems in which the activation of the hot melt adhesive takes place by laser or hot air nozzles.
- the present after the phase transformation gaseous carbon dioxide or the mixture of gaseous carbon dioxide and air has - depending on the mixing ratio - a, compared to the ambient temperature, low temperature in the range of -78 ° C to + 30 ° C and can thus for the cooling Further areas of the semifinished product, for example.
- the top surfaces of the plate-shaped semifinished product, the tools and workstations or the environment of the workstations are used.
- the thermal loads on the tools and workstations and the effects of fluctuations in the environmental conditions of the workstations can be minimized to the processing of the semifinished product.
- the mixture of carbon dioxide and air which is present after the cooling of the narrow surface areas of the semifinished product, for. B. sucked by a suction device of the workstation and used to cool the engine or other, thermally loaded device of the workstation.
- the inventive device for narrow-surface coating of plate-shaped semi-finished products or workpieces made of wood materials with a Kantenanleimaschine or a processing system in which applied to the prepared narrow surface a hot melt adhesive and heated directly or indirectly, with the applied narrow-area material with the narrow surface of the formatted plate-shaped semi-finished product under the action of Pressure and temperature connected and the narrow surface and the adjacent cover layers of the plate-shaped semi-finished machined, has means which are suitable before and / or during and / or after a machining at least the machined or machined areas of the joined plate-shaped semifinished product by a flow of liquid and / or gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air to cool.
- the device comprises means for the passage and supply of the liquid and / or gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air, which means as media lines with a point or area acting nozzle, a perforated pinch roller, a pressure shoe, an air shower or an air curtain formed are.
- a tool preferably a cutting tool
- the processing area of the tool can be cooled particularly intensively for cooling of areas of the semifinished product
- the device preferably has means which are suitable for controlling or regulating the volume flow and / or the flow velocity and / or the temperature of the flow.
- the device is preferably housed and has means for extracting the gaseous carbon dioxide or the mixture of carbon dioxide and air.
- This extraction can be realized by means already existing for chip extraction from areas in which the semifinished product is machined. However, separate means for suction are possible.
- the apparatus advantageously comprises means for recycling and reusing the gaseous carbon dioxide or the mixture of carbon dioxide and air.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show the method according to the invention and a device for narrow-surface coating of a plate-shaped semifinished product or workpiece.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show the show FIG. 3 a device in which individual areas of a narrow surface are selectively cooled
- FIG. 4 a milling machine as an example of a workstation in which the generated mixture of gaseous carbon dioxide and air is used to cool the workstation.
- FIG. 1 shows in the lower part in a highly schematic representation of the workstations of a conventional edge banding machine for narrow-surface coating of a plate-shaped semi-finished, are made with the furniture panels in a three-layer manufacturing process according to the prior art.
- the graph above shows the temperature profile (dash-dotted line) in the joining zone above the working area in this prior art edgebander.
- the vertical axis of the diagram shows the temperature (T) in degrees Celsius
- the horizontal axis represents the length L in meters (m) of the edge banding machine.
- the diagram shows the softening temperature E (in degrees Celsius) and the heat resistance W of the hotmelt adhesive EVA / KS 350 used by means of two further, horizontally extending auxiliary lines.
- softening temperature E is understood to mean the temperature at which a polymer deforms, eg. B. in the ring and ball method under the weight of the ball (DIN EN 1238).
- the heat resistance W indicates the temperature at which the adhesive layer is able to withstand a temperature stress without deformation for longer periods of time ( Have not, G .: sticking. Basics, technology, applications. Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, 2008 ).
- the softening temperature E was about 125 ° C and the thermal stability W at 90 ° C.
- the thermal resistance W is exceeded, the hot melt adhesive regularly comes out of the joint and, as a consequence, sticks to the tools and contaminates the surface of the board.
- FIG. 2 shows in the lower part in a highly schematic representation of the work stations an edge banding machine for narrow-surface coating of a plate-shaped semifinished product, are made with the furniture panels in a three-layer manufacturing process by the novel process.
- the prior art edge banding machine ( Fig. 1 ) allows, depending on the size of the workpieces to be machined, the narrow surface coating of about 3000 workpieces per hour.
- the machine achieves a feed rate v of the traversing plates P of up to 110m / min.
- the edge banding machine formats and glues PVC, ABS, PP, melamine, paper, veneer edging or solid wood edge banding in thicknesses from 0.25 mm to 4 mm with 4 mm or larger edgebandings.
- the plate-shaped semifinished product (P) to be processed is produced in a known edge banding machine according to the prior art ( Fig. 1 ) applied with a release agent application nozzle a fluid in the form of dispersed polymer, alcohol, surfactants on the surfaces of the plate-shaped semifinished product to be processed in order to prevent the subsequent adhesion of adhesive residues.
- the formatting of the narrow surface is carried out to the desired shape.
- the required geometry (straight course, groove, soft form, woodcut) of the narrow surface is produced with known cutting tools (milling cutter, grooving saw).
- Fig. 2 selectively, surface cooling K with liquid and / or gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air takes place depending on the adhesive used and the technological manufacturing parameters, in particular the feed rate of the edge banding machine and the cutting speed of the cutting tools before, during and after machining, to prevent the formation of built-up edges on the cutter and the melting of the polymer in the chipboard.
- the workstation (3) is designed as a gluing station, in which the hot melt adhesive used is applied by means of rollers on the two narrow surfaces of the future furniture panel to be coated.
- the temperature of the hot melt adhesive is 210 ° C when wetting the rollers.
- plasma lasers, diode lasers or hot air nozzles are used to melt the adhesive.
- glue rollers, surface application nozzles, infrared radiators or hot air showers are used to activate the adhesive.
- the lateral supply of the edge material or the solid wood edging takes place.
- the edge material is advanced synchronously with the plate at the speed of the conveyor belt of the edge banding machine.
- the edge magazine can consist of several individual magazines. The beginning of the edge material is joined together at the front edge of the formatted plate.
- the edgeband materials are adapted to the board thickness and have a two-sided overhang of approx. 2 mm.
- the edge material is cut off at the end of the plate by a Kappmesser. This usually happens with a small protrusion at the trailing edge of the workpiece.
- the workstation (6) comprises the pressure zone, which consists of the pressure roller and other pressure elements, which with a contact pressure of 2 - 4 bar the hot melt adhesive compact between edge material and plate.
- the viscosity of the hotmelt adhesive used is still very low when the pressure zone is reached at a temperature of 180 ° C., so that in the case of devices according to the known prior art ( Fig. 1 ) comes to a leakage of the adhesive to the surfaces of the plate.
- the cooling is done by known air showers, vortex tubes, air curtains or cooled pressure shoes.
- the cooling takes place via a plurality of punctiform and flat-acting nozzles, through which the gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air flows before, during and after the pressing on the joining zone and the adjacent plate areas and by the pressure elements used.
- the cooling flow of the carbon dioxide is preferably used with a temperature of max. -78 ° C finely dosed used for cooling the adhesive joint. This makes it possible to optimally temper the adhesive zone as a function of the hotmelt adhesive used and its parameters.
- the pressure zone can be shortened.
- the length of the machine tool can advantageously be shortened in the case of the new production of generic edge banding machines with at least the same productivity. This results in lower procurement and maintenance costs for the machine tool and less space required in production.
- the shortening of the pressure zone is in Fig. 2 symbolized by two broken lines.
- the saved length of the pressure zone is shown as distance X.
- the adhesive eye cooled down by means of vortex tubes, air showers, air curtains or cooling bars.
- the average air consumption of these cooling methods according to the prior art is up to 10 m 3 / min, larger systems up to max. 50 m 3 / min.
- the length of the machine tool can be shortened for the same productivity in the new production of generic edge banding machines. This results in lower manufacturing and maintenance costs for the machine tool and a smaller footprint in manufacturing.
- the possible shortening of the length L of the edge banding machine is in Fig. 2 symbolized by two broken lines.
- the saved length of the machine tool is shown as distance X.
- FIG. 2 shown cooling with gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air, depending on the used narrow-area materials and adhesives before, behind and / or at the workstation for cooling the cutting tools and the edge material.
- the protruding edges of the edge material are milled flush with the plate surface by two cutters, so that it comes through the use of high-speed milling tools to a new unwanted reactivation of the hot melt adhesive.
- the main and secondary cutting edges of the milling tools, the narrow surface band and the adjoining surface of the plate are cooled by gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air before, during and after milling by means of a plurality of areal as well as punctiform nozzles. Fig. 2 ). This effectively prevents reactivation of the adhesive and positively influences the machining process.
- the thin edges of the edge material are (optionally) milled by two form cutters.
- the cooling with gaseous carbon dioxide takes place locally via nozzles directed from outside onto the tool, the plate surface and the edge material ( Fig. 2 ).
- the cooling of the cutting tools additionally takes place directly through the coolant guided through the hollow tool shank.
- the front and rear edges of the edge material are profiled with one or two corner rounding devices. Due to the small available time window due to the high feed speeds in the vertical direction, high temperatures are generated at the cutting edges of the milling tools. As a result, this process heat causes the leading and trailing edges of the edge material to melt and the edge material to be thermally stressed too high.
- the tools, the edge material and the adjacent plate surface before, during and after milling by a adapted to the technological process parameters (cutting speed, feed rate, adhesive) volume flow cooled with gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air ,
- the cooling of the cutting tools preferably takes place through the coolant guided through the hollow tool shank.
- one or two profiled scraper units are optionally used for processing the surface of the edge when processing plastic edges.
- a thin chip (0.08 mm to 0.15 mm) is removed, which is to remove the previously formed milling burrs. This creates a uniform surface.
- the frictional heat generated by the single-edged tools without the previous one Cooling with carbon dioxide at high feed or cutting speeds extremely high temperatures at the main cutting edge, which lead to a critical increase in temperature in the joining zone.
- the tool, the plastic edge and the plate surface are cooled by a plurality of nozzles with carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air ( Fig. 2 ).
- the tool, the edge material and the plate surface are cooled with gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air by a plurality of nozzles from the outside ( Fig. 2 ).
- the surfaces of the plate-shaped workpiece are polished and cleaned by sisal, cloth or fiber discs by paired Schwabbelaggregate.
- the buffing wheels work in synchronism or counter-rotation to prevent the hot melt adhesive in the joining zone from being reactivated. As a result, the efficiency of the discs is significantly reduced.
- the tool, the edge material and the plate surface are cooled by gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air through a plurality of areal nozzles.
- the edges of the narrow surface are finally ground by two grinding units, so that again a significant heat input into the workpiece and a reactivation of the hot melt adhesive occurs.
- several sanding belts with different grain sizes (coarse and fine sanding) must be used due to the process. Among other things, this leads to the strips sticking together with aluminum and solid wood particles. This causes extreme smearing of the aluminum in the belts.
- rapeseed oil or other liquids of equivalent action are used as coolants, which lead to severe contamination of the plate surfaces.
- the grinding tools, the edge material and the plate surface are cooled by a plurality of areal nozzles with gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air ( Fig. 2 ).
- gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air Fig. 2
- FIG. 3 shows a device in which individual areas of a narrow surface are selectively cooled. This is particularly advantageous in profiled or undercut narrow areas.
- Fig. 3 is a plate (P), which moves in a direction (R) in the plane of drawing, shown in cross-section.
- the plate (P) has a first cover surface (100) and a second cover surface (110) and a profiled narrow surface (120).
- the narrow-surface material (20) by a plurality along the transport direction (R) of the plate (P) and along the width of the narrow surface (120) staggered pressing elements or by a profile on the Narrow surface (120) moving away pressure element over the profile of the narrow surface (120) across the first cover surface (100) to the second top surface (110) of the plate and pressed.
- a second region (122) of the narrow surface (20) adjacent to the first region (121) is positioned closer to the second top surface (110) of the plate (P) , heated and the narrow-surface material (20) pressed in this area.
- the first region (121) of the narrow surface (120) can be cooled by a targeted application of the flow of liquid and / or gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air through a first cooling unit (31) so that a detachment of the narrow-area material (20) from the narrow surface (120) due to restoring forces in the narrow-area material (20) in the first region (121) is prevented.
- This localized along the narrow width, ie along the course of the narrow surface (120) between the first cover side (100) and the second cover side (110) offset pressing and cooling is now continued as long as for other areas of the narrow surface (120) to the narrow surface (120) is completely covered with the narrow-area material (20).
- FIG. 3 schematically shown are six areas (121 to 126) of the narrow surface (120) and six each of a specific area (121 to 126) associated cooling units (31 to 36) along the transport direction (R) of the plate (P) at least partially offset from each other are arranged.
- FIG. 4 shows a milling machine (40) as an example of a workstation in which the generated mixture of gaseous carbon dioxide and air is used to cool the workstation itself and to create defined environmental conditions for the workstation.
- the narrow surface (120) is cooled by a flow of liquid and / or gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air. This is in the area of the milling tool (41) before a carbon dioxide-air mixture with a low, specially set temperature.
- the milling tool (41) is connected via a tool holder (42) with an engine block (43) and housed with a housing (45).
- a fan (44) is arranged, which generates an air flow from the milling tool (41) facing side of the engine block (43) to the rear of the engine block (43) and thus cools the engine.
- the air or the air mixture present there sucked which with the arrows in there Fig. 4 is shown.
- the housing (45) forms a closed space around the milling tool (41) and the tool holder (42), the by the fan (44) sucked carbon dioxide-air mixture between the milling tool (41) and narrow surface (120) of Plate (P) is present, the engine block (43) effectively cool.
- the carbon dioxide-air mixture is discharged or sucked by the fan wheel (44) to the environment, which is indicated by the arrows in Fig. 4 is shown.
- the entire milling machine (40) or the environment of the workstation of a housing (50) is housed, which includes, for example. Also, the top surfaces of the plate (P) with, from the engine block (43) exiting air mixture for adjustment defined environmental conditions are used in the environment of the workstation.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Schmalflächenbeschichtung von plattenförmigen Halbzeugen oder Werkstücken, gemäß dem Oberbegriff der Ansprüche 1 und 7. Ein solches Verfahren und eine solche Vorrichtung sind vom
Plattenförmige Halbzeuge aus Holz oder Holzwerkstoffen, wie Spanplatten oder mitteldichte Faserplatten, werden in der Industrie u. a. zur Herstellung von preiswerten Möbelplatten für Wohn- und Küchenmöbel verwendet. Die plattenförmigen Halbzeuge weisen dabei in Abhängigkeit von der mechanischen Belastung der künftigen Möbelplatte eine Dicke zwischen 16 mm und 100 mm auf. Zum Schutz der Oberfläche und aus dekorativen Gründen sind die beiden Deckflächen des plattenförmigen Holzwerkstoffes mit einer Deckschicht geringer Dicke aus Holzwerkstoff, Furnier, Folie, Kunststoff oder Metall beschichtet. Der Abschluss der Schmalflächen am äußeren stirnseitigen Umfang der mit Decklagen versehenen Holzwerkstoffe erfolgt regelmäßig durch eine Schmalflächenbeschichtung.Plate-shaped semi-finished products made of wood or wood-based materials, such as chipboard or medium-density fiberboard, are used in industry u. a. used for the production of inexpensive furniture panels for living and kitchen furniture. The plate-shaped semi-finished products have a thickness between 16 mm and 100 mm depending on the mechanical load of the future furniture panel. To protect the surface and decorative reasons, the two top surfaces of the plate-shaped wood material are coated with a top layer of small thickness of wood material, veneer, foil, plastic or metal. The conclusion of the narrow surfaces on the outer end-side circumference of the provided with cover layers wood materials is carried out regularly by a narrow-surface coating.
Unter einer "Schmalflächenbeschichtung" oder einem "Kantenmaterial" wird im Sinne der vorliegenden Anmeldung ein stab- oder bandförmiges Beschichtungsmaterial aus Kunststoff, Papier, Holz, Holzfurnier oder anderen geeigneten Werkstoffen verstanden, das der möglichst formschlüssigen Verblendung des stirnseitigen Schmalflächenbereiches zwischen den beiden Deckschichten einer beschichteten Holzwerkstoffplatte dient. Gebräuchliche Schmalflächenbeschichtungen bestehen aus PVC, ABS, PP, Melamin, Papier, Aluminium, Holzfurnier oder Massivholz und werden in der Regel in Stärken von 0,25 mm bis 4 mm eingesetzt.For the purposes of the present application, a "narrow-surface coating" or an "edge material" is understood to mean a rod-shaped or strip-like coating material made of plastic, paper, wood, wood veneer or other suitable materials which has the most form-fitting veneering of the frontal narrow-surface region between the two outer layers of a coated one Wooden board serves. Common narrow-surface coatings consist of PVC, ABS, PP, melamine, paper, aluminum, wood veneer or solid wood and are generally used in thicknesses of 0.25 mm to 4 mm.
Für besondere Anwendungsfälle, wie z. B. in Feuchträumen oder bei Küchenmöbeln, besteht zudem die Forderung, dass die Abdichtung zwischen der Schmalfläche und den angrenzenden Decklagen der beschichteten Holzwerkstoffplatte quasi fugenlos zu gestalten ist, um das Eindringen von Wasser oder anderen Flüssigkeiten, wie z. B. Reinigungsmitteln, in den Bereich der Fügeverbindung zwischen der Schmalfläche und den angrenzenden Deckflächen zu verhindern.For special applications, such. As in damp rooms or kitchen furniture, there is also the requirement that the seal between the narrow surface and the adjacent cover layers of the coated wood-based panel is quasi-seamless to make the ingress of water or other liquids such. As cleaning agents to prevent in the region of the joint connection between the narrow surface and the adjacent top surfaces.
Das Aufbringen der Schmalflächenbeschichtung auf die stirnseitige Schmalfläche des plattenförmigen Holzwerkstoffes erfolgt in der Regel durch Verkleben mit einem schnellhärtenden Bindemittel, wie einem Schmelzklebstoff, der eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung zwischen der, nach dem Verkleben nicht sichtbaren Unterseite des Schmalflächenbandes und der Oberfläche der Stirnseite des plattenförmigen Holzwerkstoffes herstellt.The application of the narrow-surface coating on the frontal narrow surface of the plate-shaped wood material is usually carried out by gluing with a fast-curing binder, such as a hot melt adhesive, a cohesive connection between the, not visible after bonding underside of the narrow surface band and the surface of the end face of the plate-shaped wood material produces.
Zum Fügen des Schmalflächenbandes auf die stirnseitigen Schmalflächen werden je nach Stückzahl/Losgröße und den Abmessungen der zu bearbeitenden Platten bekannte Kantenanleimmaschinen oder Bearbeitungssysteme eingesetzt, bei denen die bereits mit zwei Decklagen beschichtete Holzwerkstoffplatte im Durchlauf mehrere Arbeitsstationen passiert, in denen die Oberfläche der Platte formatiert und beschichtet wird. Dabei wird zunächst die noch unbeschichtete Schmalfläche der bereits mit den beiden Decklagen beschichteten Platte durch spanabhebende Werkzeuge, wie Fräser oder Sägen, auf die gewünschte Form und Größe bearbeitet.For joining the narrow surface band on the frontal narrow surfaces known Kantenanleimmaschinen or processing systems are used depending on the number / lot size and the dimensions of the plates to be processed, in which already coated with two cover layers wood board passes through several workstations in which the surface of the plate formatted and is coated. Initially, the still uncoated narrow surface of the already coated with the two cover layers plate is machined by cutting tools, such as cutters or saws to the desired shape and size.
Nachfolgend wird mit bekannten Mitteln, wie einer Rolle oder einer Flächenauftragsdüse, der Kleber, z. B. ein Schmelzkleber, auf die zu beschichtende Schmalfläche der Platte aufgebracht. Bevorzugt werden dabei Schmelzkleber auf Basis von Polyurethan verwendet. Bei Schmalflächenbändern mit schon aufgebrachtem Schmelzkleber wird der Kleber über Heißluftdüsen oder Plasmalaser aktiviert.Subsequently, with known means, such as a roller or a surface applicator, the adhesive, z. As a hot melt, applied to the narrow surface of the plate to be coated. Preference is given to using hot melt adhesives based on polyurethane. For narrow surface bands with already applied hotmelt adhesive, the adhesive is activated by hot air nozzles or plasma lasers.
Dann erfolgt die Zufuhr des aufzubringenden Schmalflächenmaterials, das in der Regel als Band/Keul oder Magazin bevorratet wird. Dabei wird die Vorderkante des Kantenmaterials an der Vorderkante der, mit den Deckschichten versehenen und formatierten Holzwerkstoffplatte zusammengefügt. Dazu sind die Kantenmaterialien an die Werkstückstärke der Platte angepasst. Die Breite des Schmalflächenbandes wird regelmäßig größer gewählt als die Sollstärke der beschichteten Werkstoffplatte. In der Regel wird dabei ein beidseitiger Überstand von etwa 2 bis 3 mm gewählt, der in einer späteren Arbeitsstufe, gemeinsam mit überschüssigem Klebstoff, spanend entfernt wird. Dadurch soll ein gleichmäßiger und dichter Abschluss der Fügeverbindung realisiert werden. Anschließend wird das Schmalflächenmaterial am Plattenende abgetrennt. Dies geschieht in der Regel mit einem kleinen Überstand an der Vorder- und der Hinterkante der Platte.Then, the supply of the applied narrow-surface material, which is usually stored as a belt / Keul or magazine. The front edge of the edge material is joined together at the front edge of the wood-based panel provided with the cover layers and formatted. For this purpose, the edge materials are adapted to the workpiece thickness of the plate. The width of the narrow surface band is regularly selected larger than the desired thickness of the coated material plate. As a rule, a two-sided supernatant of about 2 to 3 mm is selected, which is removed in a later step, together with excess adhesive, by machining. This is to a uniform and tight completion of the joint connection can be realized. Subsequently, the narrow-surface material is separated at the end of the plate. This is usually done with a small protrusion on the front and rear edges of the plate.
Nach dem Aufbringen des Schmalflächenbandes wird das Band durch mehrere druckbelastete Andruckelemente, wie z. B. Druckrollen oder Druckschuhe, auf die Schmalfläche der Platte gepresst. In dieser Andruckzone wird der Schmelzkleber zwischen Kantenmaterial und der Schmalfläche der Platte verdichtet. Die Viskosität des verwendeten Klebers ist in dieser Phase sehr gering, so dass es trotz der Verwendung gekühlter Andruckelemente regelmäßig zu einem Austreten des Schmelzklebers an den Oberflächen der Platte kommt.After application of the narrow band, the tape is pressed by a plurality of pressure-loaded pressing elements, such. B. pressure rollers or pressure shoes, pressed onto the narrow surface of the plate. In this pressure zone, the hot melt adhesive between edge material and the narrow surface of the plate is compacted. The viscosity of the adhesive used is very low in this phase, so that it comes regularly despite the use of cooled pressure elements to leakage of the hot melt adhesive on the surfaces of the plate.
Beim nachfolgenden Bündigfräsen wird der beidseitige Überstand des Schmalflächenmaterials gemeinsam mit dem ausgetretenen Klebstoff spanend entfernt. Um trotz der hohen Vorschubgeschwindigkeiten der Werkstücke eine geringe Rauheit der Schnittfläche zu realisieren, werden dazu mehrschneidige Fräswerkzeuge eingesetzt, die mit Drehzahlen von 10.000 U/min bis 16.000 U/min arbeiten. Infolge der auftretenden Reibungswärme kommt es nach der bereits eingeleiteten Erstarrung zu einer ungewollten Reaktivierung des verwendeten Schmelzklebers. Dabei tritt wiederum dünnflüssiger Schmelzkleber aus der Klebefuge aus, der zu Verschmutzungen der Fräs- und Schleifwerkzeuge, der Führungseinrichtungen der Maschine und der Werkstückoberflächen führt. Diese Verschmutzungen müssen nachfolgend aufwändig und zum Teil manuell beseitigt werden.In the subsequent flush milling, the two-sided projection of the narrow-surface material is removed by machining together with the leaked adhesive. In order to realize a low roughness of the cut surface despite the high feed rates of the workpieces, multi-edged milling tools are used, which operate at speeds of 10,000 rev / min to 16,000 rev / min. As a result of the frictional heat occurring, there is an unwanted reactivation of the hot melt adhesive used after the already initiated solidification. In turn, thin-bodied hot-melt adhesive emerges from the adhesive joint, which leads to contamination of the milling and grinding tools, the guide devices of the machine and the workpiece surfaces. These contaminants must subsequently be laboriously and partially manually eliminated.
Daher wird nach dem Anpressen des Schmalflächenmaterials in vielen Fällen ein flüssiges Trenn- bzw. Kühlmittel auf die Oberfläche des Schmalflächenmaterials aufgesprüht, wodurch der Schmelzklebstoff schneller erstarrt. Gleichzeitig soll das flüssige Trenn- oder Kühlmittel dazu dienen, bei den nachfolgenden spanenden Prozessen das Anhaften der Späne am Werkstück infolge der elektrostatischen Aufladung zu verhindern.Therefore, after pressing the narrow-area material in many cases, a liquid separating or cooling agent is sprayed onto the surface of the narrow-area material, whereby the hot-melt adhesive solidifies faster. At the same time, the liquid separating or cooling agent is intended to prevent the chips from adhering to the workpiece as a result of the electrostatic charging during the subsequent cutting processes.
Derartige flüssige Kühlmittel sind aus der
Daneben ist aus der
Nachteilig an der Verwendung der bekannten flüssigen Trenn- bzw. Kühlmittel ist, dass nicht verhindert werden kann, dass diese Flüssigkeiten durch die beim Aufsprühen noch nicht erstarrte Klebefuge in den Zwischenraum zwischen dem Schmalflächenmaterial und der Schmalfläche des plattenförmigen Halbzeuges eindringt und dort das Haften des Klebers an der Schmalfläche be- bzw. verhindert wird. Dadurch kommt es regelmäßig zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt, insbesondere bei der bestimmungsmäßigen Nutzung des Möbels, zu Verwerfungen und zu Ablösungserscheinungen des Schmalflächenmaterials und damit zum Verlust des Gebrauchswertes.A disadvantage of the use of the known liquid separating or cooling means that can not be prevented that these liquids penetrates through the not yet solidified during spraying adhesive joint in the space between the narrow surface material and the narrow surface of the plate-shaped semifinished product and there the adhesion of the adhesive is prevented or prevented on the narrow surface. As a result, it comes regularly at a later date, especially in the intended use of the furniture, to distortions and separation phenomena of the narrow-surface material and thus to the loss of use value.
Alternativ zum Einsatz flüssiger Trenn- bzw. Kühlmittel ist aus der
In anderen Technikgebieten ist auch der Einsatz von unter erhöhtem Druck stehenden Fluiden (Gasen oder Flüssigkeiten) bekannt, die sich durch die Entspannung (Reduzierung des Drucks) abkühlen und damit als Kühlmittel dienen.In other fields of technology is also the use of elevated pressure fluids (gases or liquids) are known, which cool by the relaxation (reduction of pressure) and thus serve as a coolant.
So wird in der
Aufgrund der wachsenden Nachfrage nach preisgünstigen Möbelplatten und des steigenden Wettbewerbsdrucks durch Importe gehen die Hersteller zunehmend dazu über, extrem preiswerte Materialien für die Schmalflächenbeschichtung einzusetzen. So werden z. B. im Low-Budget-Bereich beschichtete Papiere mit einer flächenbezogenen Masse (Grammatur) von nur 24g/m2 eingesetzt.Due to the growing demand for low-cost furniture panels and increasing competitive pressure from imports, manufacturers are increasingly turning to extremely low-cost thin-film coating materials. So z. In the Low-budget range coated papers with a grammage of only 24g / m 2 were used.
Um in der Massenfertigung die Fertigungskosten weiter zu reduzieren, werden zunehmend Kantenanleimmaschinen oder Bearbeitungssysteme eingesetzt, die Vorschubgeschwindigkeiten der plattenförmigen Halbzeuge von bis zu 300 m/min ermöglichen.In order to further reduce the manufacturing costs in mass production, edge banding machines or processing systems are increasingly being used, which enable feed rates of the plate-shaped semi-finished products of up to 300 m / min.
Trotz dieser signifikanten Steigerung der Produktivität muss die Qualität (Aussehen, Haptik, Funktion) der mit diesen Schmalflächenbeschichtungen versehenen Platten den Forderungen des Marktes gerecht werden.Despite this significant increase in productivity, the quality (appearance, feel, function) of the plates provided with these narrow-surface coatings must meet the demands of the market.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die Nachteile des Standes der Technik zu eliminieren und ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Schmalflächenbeschichtung eines plattenförmigen Halbzeuges oder Werkstücks in der Großserien- und Massenfertigung zu schaffen, die eine qualitätsgerechte Verarbeitung von Schmalflächenmaterialien, insbesondere geringer Dicke, bei gegenüber dem Stand der Technik deutlich höheren Vorschubgeschwindigkeiten ermöglichen.The object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a method and apparatus for narrow-surface coating of a plate-shaped semifinished product or workpiece in mass production and mass production, the quality of processing narrow-area materials, in particular small thickness, with respect to the State of the art allow significantly higher feed rates.
Dabei soll das Verfahren bei vergleichbaren Stückkosten auf bekannten Kantenanleimmaschinen oder Bearbeitungssystemen eingesetzt werden können, ohne dass signifikante Veränderungen des technologischen Ablaufs vorgenommen werden müssen. Auf den kostenintensiven und die Qualität gefährdenden Einsatz von flüssigen Kühlmitteln soll vollständig verzichtet werden.The process should be able to be used at comparable unit costs on known Kantenanleimmaschinen or processing systems without significant changes in the technological process must be made. The cost-intensive and quality-endangering use of liquid coolants should be completely eliminated.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe gelöst mit den Merkmalen der Patentansprüche 1 und 7. Vorzugsweise Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der jeweils rückbezogenen Unteransprüche.According to the invention the object is achieved with the features of claims 1 and 7. Preferably, refinements and developments of the invention are the subject of the respective dependent subclaims.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zur Schmalflächenbeschichtung von plattenförmigen Halbzeugen oder Werkstücken aus Holz oder Holzwerkstoffen, bei dem die bereits mit zwei Decklagen beschichteten plattenförmigen Halbzeuge im Durchlauf mehrere Arbeitsstationen passieren, wobei die vorbereitete Schmalfläche mittels eines Schmelzklebers, der direkt oder indirekt erwärmt und mit dem aufzubringenden Schmalflächenmaterial unter Einwirkung von Druck und Temperatur verbunden wird und die Schmalfläche und die angrenzenden Decklagen des plattenförmigen Halbzeuges spanend bearbeitet werden, werden vor und/oder während und/oder nach einer spanenden Bearbeitung mindestens die zu bearbeitenden oder bearbeiteten Bereiche des plattenförmigen Halbzeuges durch eine Strömung aus flüssigem und/oder gasförmigem Kohlenstoffdioxid oder einem Gemisch aus Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft gekühlt.In the method according to the invention for narrow-surface coating of plate-shaped semi-finished products or workpieces made of wood or wood materials, in which the already coated with two cover layers plate-shaped semi-finished pass through several workstations, the prepared narrow surface by means of a hot melt adhesive, which directly or indirectly heated and with the applied thin surface material is connected under the action of pressure and temperature and the narrow surface and the adjacent cover layers of the plate-shaped semi-finished machined, before and / or after and / or after a machining at least the machined or machined areas of the plate-shaped semifinished product by a flow of liquid and / or gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air cooled.
Die Verbindung der Schmalfläche mit dem Schmalflächenmaterial mittels des Schmelzklebers wird mittels bekannter Verfahren realisiert. Dabei kann der Schmelzkleber kalt auf die vorbereitete Schmalfläche aufgebracht und anschließend erhitzt oder heiß auf die vorbereitete Schmalfläche aufgebracht und ggf. nochmals erhitzt werden.The connection of the narrow surface with the narrow-surface material by means of the hot-melt adhesive is realized by means of known methods. In this case, the hot melt adhesive can be applied cold to the prepared narrow surface and then heated or hot applied to the prepared narrow surface and possibly reheated.
Alternativ kann der Schmelzkleber auch heiß oder kalt auf das Schmalflächenmaterial aufgebracht werden oder bereits im Schmalflächenband integriert sein, wobei zumindest der kalte Schmelzkleber zur Herstellung einer Verbindung mit der Schmalfläche noch erhitzt wird.Alternatively, the hotmelt adhesive may also be applied hot or cold to the narrow-area material or may already be integrated in the narrow-area belt, wherein at least the cold hot-melt adhesive is still heated to produce a connection with the narrow area.
Möglich ist auch das Einbringen von Schmelzkleber in das Material des plattenförmigen Halbzeugs oder Werkstücks, der bei einem Erhitzen des Halbzeugs im Bereich der Schmalfläche dann schmilzt und eine klebende Verbindung mit dem Schmalflächenmaterial realisiert.It is also possible to introduce hot melt adhesive into the material of the plate-shaped semifinished product or workpiece, which then melts upon heating of the semifinished product in the area of the narrow surface and realizes an adhesive connection with the narrow-area material.
Um das unerwünschte Austreten der verwendeten Kleber aus der Fügezone des Schmalflächenmaterials und des plattenförmigen Halbzeuges oder Werkstücks zu verhindern, wird somit nach dem Anpressen des Schmalflächenmaterials mindestens die Fügezone erfindungsgemäß einer Strömung von flüssigem und/oder gasförmigem Kohlenstoffdioxid oder einem Gemisch aus flüssigem und/oder gasförmigem Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft ausgesetzt. Die Kühlwirkung wird dabei durch die Umwandlung von flüssigem Kohlenstoffdioxid in gasförmiges Kohlenstoffdioxid realisiert. Zusätzlich können auch weitere Bereiche des Halbzeugs sowie die verwendeten Werkzeuge oder Teile davon durch dieselbe Strömung von flüssigem und/oder gasförmigem Kohlenstoffdioxid oder einem Gemisch aus flüssigem und/oder gasförmigem Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft oder durch eine Strömung des durch Phasenumwandlung vollständig gasförmigen Kohlenstoffdioxids oder eines Gemisches aus gasförmigem Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft gekühlt werden.In order to prevent the undesired leakage of the adhesive used from the joining zone of the narrow-surface material and the plate-shaped semifinished product or workpiece, at least the joining zone according to the invention after the pressing of the narrow-face material a flow of liquid and / or gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of liquid and / or gaseous Exposed to carbon dioxide and air. The cooling effect is realized by the conversion of liquid carbon dioxide into gaseous carbon dioxide. In addition, other areas of the semifinished product and the tools used or parts thereof by the same flow of liquid and / or gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of liquid and / or gaseous carbon dioxide and air or by a flow of the fully converted by phase conversion of carbon dioxide or a mixture of gaseous carbon dioxide and air are cooled.
Für die Kühlung mit einer Strömung aus flüssigem Kohlendioxid oder einem Gemisch aus flüssigem und gasförmigen Kohlendioxid oder einem Gemisch aus flüssigem Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft wird das flüssige Kohlenstoffdioxid in einer Leitung vorzugsweise bis unmittelbar an den zu kühlenden Bereich des Halbzeugs oder Werkzeugs herangeführt, wobei das Kohlenstoffdioxid einen Druck zwischen 5,6 MPa bis 8 MPa (56 bar bis 80 bar) bei einer Umgebungstemperatur zwischen 20°C und 40°C aufweist. Mit diesem Druck tritt das flüssige Kohlenstoffdioxid vorzugsweise aus einer punktförmig oder flächig wirkenden Düse in den unmittelbaren Umgebungsbereich des zu kühlenden Bereiches des Halbzeugs oder des Werkzeugs, der bspw. Normaldruck aufweist, aus, so dass sich das flüssige Kohlenstoffdioxid in gasförmiges Kohlenstoffdioxid umwandelt und entspannt. Beide physikalische Effekte überlagern sich und führen zu der starken Kühlwirkung.For cooling with a flow of liquid carbon dioxide or a mixture of liquid and gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of liquid carbon dioxide and air, the liquid carbon dioxide is preferably introduced in a line directly to the area to be cooled of the semifinished product or tool, the carbon dioxide a Pressure between 5.6 MPa to 8 MPa (56 bar to 80 bar) at an ambient temperature between 20 ° C and 40 ° C. With this pressure, the liquid carbon dioxide preferably exits from a punctiform or area-effect nozzle into the immediate surrounding area of the area of the semifinished product or tool which, for example, has normal pressure, so that the liquid carbon dioxide is converted into gaseous carbon dioxide and expanded. Both physical effects overlap and lead to the strong cooling effect.
Es wurde festgestellt, dass mit einem Volumenstrom von 0,01 I/min - 0,02 I/min Kohlenstoffdioxid (1 Liter Flüssiggas entspricht ca. 640 Liter Luft) eine bessere Kühlwirkung erzielt wird, als beim bisherigen Einsatz von 6 m3 bis 10 m3 Druckluft/min nach dem Stand der Technik. Kohlenstoffdioxid hat eine große volumetrische Kälteleistung und damit eine höhere Effizienz bei gegebenem Volumen im Vergleich zu atmosphärischer Druckluft. Damit ist es möglich, den Temperaturverlauf in der Fügezone und insbesondere die Temperatur der aufgebrachten Klebstoffschicht gezielt zu beeinflussen.It was found that with a volume flow of 0.01 l / min - 0.02 l / min of carbon dioxide (1 liter of liquid gas corresponds to approx. 640 l of air) a better cooling effect is achieved than in the previous use of 6 m 3 to 10 m 3 compressed air / min according to the prior art. Carbon dioxide has a large volumetric cooling capacity and thus a higher efficiency at a given volume compared to atmospheric compressed air. This makes it possible to specifically influence the temperature profile in the joining zone and in particular the temperature of the applied adhesive layer.
Die Kühlleistung wird hauptsächlich durch die Menge des austretenden Kohlenstoffdioxids, d. h. durch den Volumenstrom des flüssigen Kohlenstoffdioxids, bestimmt. Falls nur eine geringe Kühlleistung, jedoch ein hoher Volumenstrom des auf das Halbzeug auftreffenden Fluids benötigt wird, so kann das flüssige Kohlenstoffdioxid mit einem zusätzlichen Gas, bspw. Luft oder gasförmigem Kohlenstoffdioxid gemischt werden. Dabei kann das zusätzliche Gas in einer abgeschlossenen Mischkammer, d. h. vor Austritt des flüssigen Kohlenstoffdioxids in den Umgebungsbereich des zu kühlenden Bereichs des Halbzeugs, oder direkt in den Umgebungsbereich des zu kühlenden Bereichs des Halbzeugs zugemischt werden.The cooling performance is mainly due to the amount of carbon dioxide exiting, i. H. by the volume flow of liquid carbon dioxide. If only a small cooling capacity, but a high volume flow of fluid impinging on the semifinished product is needed, the liquid carbon dioxide can be mixed with an additional gas, for example. Air or gaseous carbon dioxide. In this case, the additional gas in a closed mixing chamber, d. H. before the liquid carbon dioxide is discharged into the surrounding region of the region of the semifinished product to be cooled, or directly into the surrounding region of the region of the semifinished product to be cooled.
Das zusätzliche Gas weist vorzugsweise denselben Druck wie das flüssige Kohlenstoffdioxid auf, kann jedoch auch mit einem anderen Druck beaufschlagt sein. Insbesondere bei Zumischung in einer abgeschlossenen Mischkammer sind der Druck des zusätzlichen Gases sowie seine Temperatur vorzugsweise so gewählt, dass die Phasenumwandlung des flüssigen Kohlenstoffdioxids in gasförmiges Kohlenstoffdioxid nicht oder noch nicht vollständig in der abgeschlossenen Mischkammer stattfindet.The additional gas preferably has the same pressure as the liquid carbon dioxide, but may also be applied with a different pressure. In particular, when admixed in a closed mixing chamber, the pressure of the additional gas and its temperature are preferably selected so that the phase transformation of the liquid carbon dioxide into gaseous carbon dioxide does not take place or not yet completely in the closed mixing chamber.
Auch eine vollständige Phasenumwandlung des flüssigen Kohlenstoffdioxids in gasförmiges Kohlenstoffdioxid in der abgeschlossenen Mischkammer ist möglich.A complete phase transformation of the liquid carbon dioxide into gaseous carbon dioxide in the closed mixing chamber is also possible.
Das Mischungsverhältnis von flüssigem Kohlenstoffdioxid und zusätzlichem Gas wird von den im zu kühlenden Bereich des Halbzeugs benötigten Größen Volumenstrom und Temperatur des gemischten Fluids bestimmt und kann zwischen 1:600 bis 1:6000 betragen, wobei die erste Zahl das Volumen des flüssigen Kohlenstoffdioxids in Litern und die zweite Zahl das Volumen des zusätzlichen Gases in Litern angibt.The mixing ratio of liquid carbon dioxide and additional gas is determined by the volume flow and temperature of the mixed fluid required in the area to be cooled of the semifinished product and can be between 1: 600 to 1: 6000, the first number being the volume of the liquid carbon dioxide in liters and the second number indicates the volume of additional gas in liters.
Da moderne bedienerlose Kantenanleimmaschinen oder Bearbeitungssysteme aus technologischen und arbeitsschutztechnischen Gründen in der Regel vollständig eingehaust sind, besteht die Möglichkeit, einzelne oder alle Arbeitsstationen, an denen durch die spanende Bearbeitung oder durch andere, Reibungswärme erzeugende Werkzeuge oder Maschinenelemente, ein signifikanter Wärmeeintrag in die Fügezone von Schmalflächenmaterial und dem plattenförmigen Halbzeug oder Werkstück erfolgt, temporär und lokal gezielt zu kühlen.Since modern unmanned edge banding machines or processing systems for technological and occupational safety reasons are usually completely enclosed, it is possible, any or all workstations where by the machining or by other, heat generating tools or machine elements, a significant heat input into the joint zone of Narrow surface material and the plate-shaped semifinished product or workpiece takes place to cool temporarily and locally targeted.
Vorteilhaft kann durch eine Steuerung oder Regelung des Volumenstroms und/oder seiner Temperatur der Temperaturverlauf in der Fügezone an die physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften des verwendeten Klebers sowie an die technologischen Bearbeitungsbedingungen der Fertigung (Vorschubgeschwindigkeit der Kantenanleimmaschine, Drehzahl der Schneidwerkzeuge, etc.) angepasst werden.Advantageously, by controlling or regulating the volume flow and / or its temperature, the temperature profile in the joining zone can be adapted to the physical and chemical properties of the adhesive used and to the technological processing conditions of production (feed speed of the edge banding machine, rotational speed of the cutting tools, etc.).
Insbesondere ist es bei profilierten und hinterschnittenen Schmalflächen, wie sie bspw. bei Türfalzen, Griffleisten von Küchenschranktüren oder ähnlichem vorliegen, beim Schritt des Verbindens des Schmalflächenmaterials mit der Schmalfläche möglich, die einzelnen Profilbereiche sofort nach dem Verbinden gezielt zu kühlen, so dass die Haftung des Kantenmaterials verbessert wird.In particular, it is in profiled and undercut narrow surfaces, as they are, for example, in door rabbets, handles of kitchen cabinet doors or the like, in the step of connecting the narrow-surface material with the narrow surface possible to cool the individual profile areas immediately after joining specifically, so that the adhesion of the Edge material is improved.
Bevorzugt wird eine laminare Strömung von gasförmigem Kohlenstoffdioxid oder einem Gemisch aus Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft für die Kühlung einzelner oder aller relevanten Arbeitsstationen verwendet. Dadurch kann der Temperaturverlauf in der Fügezone und insbesondere in der Klebstoffschicht diskret temporär und lokal beeinflusst werden.Preferably, a laminar flow of gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air is used for the cooling of individual or all relevant workstations. Thereby, the temperature profile in the joining zone and in particular in the adhesive layer can be discretely influenced temporarily and locally.
In einer gleichfalls bevorzugten Verfahrensvariante wird eine turbulente, insbesondere eine impulsartige Strömung von gasförmigem Kohlenstoffdioxid oder einem Gemisch aus Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft für die Kühlung einzelner oder aller relevanten Arbeitsstationen genutzt. Dadurch kann der Temperaturverlauf bei stochastischen Erscheinungen (unerwartet hoher Temperaturanstieg in der Fügezone infolge inhomogener Werkstoffeigenschaften der Fügepartner) prozessnah angepasst werden.In a likewise preferred variant of the method, a turbulent, in particular a pulse-like flow of gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air is used for cooling individual or all relevant workstations. As a result, the temperature profile in the case of stochastic phenomena (unexpectedly high temperature rise in the joining zone as a result of inhomogeneous material properties of the joining partners) can be adapted to the process.
Bei der Verwendung größerer Volumenströme ist es erstmals möglich, die Vorschubgeschwindigkeiten der zu bearbeitenden Platten in den Kantenanleimmaschinen oder Bearbeitungssystemen zu erhöhen, ohne dass es aufgrund der auftretenden Reibungs- und Reaktionswärme bei der spanenden Bearbeitung der Schmalflächen zu dem unerwünschten Austreten von verflüssigtem oder niedrigviskosem Kleber bzw. zu dessen Reaktivierung kommt.When using larger volume flows, it is now possible to increase the feed rates of the plates to be processed in edgebanders or processing systems without it due to the friction and heat of reaction during machining of the narrow surfaces to the unwanted leakage of liquefied or low-viscosity adhesive or which reactivates.
Ein wesentlicher Vorteil von flüssigem oder gasförmigem Kohlenstoffdioxid oder einem Gemisch aus Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft als Kühlmittel besteht in der hohen Verfügbarkeit des Kohlenstoffdioxids einerseits in der Luft, aus der das Kohlenstoffdioxid entnommen und verflüssigt und in die es nach Gebrauch wieder abgegeben werden kann (ausgeglichene Kohlenstoffdioxid-Bilanz), und andererseits als Abfallprodukt der chemischen Industrie und den daraus resultierenden geringen Betriebskosten.A significant advantage of liquid or gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air as a coolant is the high availability of carbon dioxide on the one hand in the air, from which the carbon dioxide is removed and liquefied and in which it can be released after use (balanced carbon dioxide). Balance sheet), and on the other hand as a waste product of the chemical industry and the resulting low operating costs.
Zudem wirkt Kohlenstoffdioxid flammhemmend, so dass es bevorzugt und gefahrlos auch an Stellen mit Brandgefahr (Einsatz von Lasern zur Erwärmung der Fügezone) eingesetzt werden kann.In addition, carbon dioxide acts flame-retardant, so that it can be used preferably and safely even in places with a fire hazard (use of lasers to heat the joint zone).
Zur Vermeidung gesundheitlicher Belastungen des Überwachungspersonals oder der Maschinenbediener und -einrichter und zur Reduzierung der Fertigungsprozesskosten besteht bei den eingehausten Anlagen vorteilhaft die Möglichkeit der Rückgewinnung, bei der das gasförmige Kühlmittel unter Flur abgesaugt und nach einem Reinigungs- und Aufbereitungsprozess wieder verwendet werden kann.To avoid health burdens of the monitoring personnel or the machine operator and -inrichter and to reduce the manufacturing process costs is in the housed systems advantageously the possibility of recovery, in which the gaseous coolant sucked under the floor and can be reused after a cleaning and treatment process.
Ein weiterer technologischer Vorteil des Einsatzes von flüssigem und/oder gasförmigem Kohlenstoffdioxid oder einem Gemisch aus Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft als Kühlmittel besteht darin, dass auf der Oberfläche des Werkstückes, der Bearbeitungswerkzeuge und der Werkzeugmaschine keine Rückstände, wie beim Einsatz bekannter flüssiger Kühl- oder Trennmittel, verbleiben, die aufwändig entfernt werden müssten.Another technological advantage of the use of liquid and / or gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air as a coolant is that on the surface of the workpiece, the processing tools and the machine tool no residues, such as when using known liquid cooling or release agent, remain, which would have to be laboriously removed.
Ein weiterer Vorteil bei der Verwendung von flüssigem und/oder gasförmigem Kohlenstoffdioxid oder einem Gemisch aus Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft als Kühlmittel ist die chemische Inaktivität, so dass es zu keiner nachteiligen Beeinflussung des plattenförmigen Halbzeuges, des Schmelzklebers oder der Schmalflächenbeschichtung kommt.Another advantage of using liquid and / or gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air as a coolant is the chemical inactivity, so that there is no adverse effect on the plate-shaped semifinished product, the hot melt adhesive or the narrow surface coating.
Vorteilhaft ist ebenso die entzündungs- und brandhemmende Wirkung des flüssigen und/oder gasförmigen Kohlenstoffdioxid, so dass das Verfahren bevorzugt auch bei Kantenanleimmaschinen und Bearbeitungssystemen eingesetzt werden kann, bei denen die Aktivierung des Schmelzklebers durch Laser oder Heißluftdüsen erfolgt.Also advantageous is the anti-inflammatory and fire-retardant action of the liquid and / or gaseous carbon dioxide, so that the method can preferably also be used in edge banding machines and processing systems in which the activation of the hot melt adhesive takes place by laser or hot air nozzles.
Das nach der Phasenumwandlung vorliegende gasförmige Kohlenstoffdioxid bzw. das Gemisch aus gasförmigem Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft weist - je nach Mischungsverhältnis - eine, im Vergleich zur Umgebungstemperatur, niedrige Temperatur im Bereich von -78°C bis +30°C auf und kann damit für die Kühlung weiterer Bereiche des Halbzeugs, bspw. der Deckflächen des plattenförmigen Halbzeugs, der Werkzeuge und Arbeitsstationen oder der Umgebung der Arbeitsstationen, eingesetzt werden. Damit können die thermischen Belastungen der Werkzeuge und Arbeitsstationen und die Auswirkungen der Schwankungen der Umgebungsbedingungen der Arbeitsstationen auf die Bearbeitung des Halbzeugs minimiert werden. So kann das Gemisch aus Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft, das nach der Kühlung der Schmalflächenbereiche des Halbzeugs vorliegt, z. B. durch eine Absaugvorrichtung der Arbeitsstation abgesaugt und zur Kühlung des Motors oder einer anderen, thermisch belasteten Einrichtung der Arbeitsstation eingesetzt werden.The present after the phase transformation gaseous carbon dioxide or the mixture of gaseous carbon dioxide and air has - depending on the mixing ratio - a, compared to the ambient temperature, low temperature in the range of -78 ° C to + 30 ° C and can thus for the cooling Further areas of the semifinished product, for example. The top surfaces of the plate-shaped semifinished product, the tools and workstations or the environment of the workstations are used. Thus, the thermal loads on the tools and workstations and the effects of fluctuations in the environmental conditions of the workstations can be minimized to the processing of the semifinished product. Thus, the mixture of carbon dioxide and air, which is present after the cooling of the narrow surface areas of the semifinished product, for. B. sucked by a suction device of the workstation and used to cool the engine or other, thermally loaded device of the workstation.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Schmalflächenbeschichtung von plattenförmigen Halbzeugen oder Werkstücken aus Holzwerkstoffen mit einer Kantenanleimmaschine oder einem Bearbeitungssystem, bei denen auf die vorbereitete Schmalfläche ein Schmelzkleber aufgebracht und direkt oder indirekt erwärmt wird, mit der das aufzubringende Schmalflächenmaterial mit der Schmalfläche des formatierten plattenförmigen Halbzeuges unter Einwirkung von Druck und Temperatur verbunden und die Schmalfläche und die angrenzenden Decklagen des plattenförmigen Halbzeuges spanend bearbeitet werden, weist Mittel auf, die geeignet sind, um vor und/oder während und/oder nach einer spanenden Bearbeitung mindestens die zu bearbeitenden oder bearbeiteten Bereiche des gefügten plattenförmigen Halbzeuges durch eine Strömung aus flüssigem und/oder gasförmigen Kohlenstoffdioxid oder einem Gemisch aus Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft zu kühlen.The inventive device for narrow-surface coating of plate-shaped semi-finished products or workpieces made of wood materials with a Kantenanleimaschine or a processing system in which applied to the prepared narrow surface a hot melt adhesive and heated directly or indirectly, with the applied narrow-area material with the narrow surface of the formatted plate-shaped semi-finished product under the action of Pressure and temperature connected and the narrow surface and the adjacent cover layers of the plate-shaped semi-finished machined, has means which are suitable before and / or during and / or after a machining at least the machined or machined areas of the joined plate-shaped semifinished product by a flow of liquid and / or gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air to cool.
Vorzugsweise umfasst die Vorrichtung Mittel zur Durchleitung und Zufuhr des flüssigen und/oder gasförmigen Kohlenstoffdioxid oder eines Gemisches aus Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft, wobei diese Mittel als Medienleitungen mit einer punktförmig oder flächig wirkenden Düse, einer perforierten Andruckrolle, einem Druckschuh, einer Luftdusche oder einem Luftvorhang ausgebildet sind.Preferably, the device comprises means for the passage and supply of the liquid and / or gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air, which means as media lines with a point or area acting nozzle, a perforated pinch roller, a pressure shoe, an air shower or an air curtain formed are.
Vorteilhaft erfolgt die Durchleitung des flüssigen und/oder gasförmigen Kohlenstoffdioxid oder eines Gemisches aus Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft durch den hohlen Schaft eines Werkzeuges, bevorzugt eines Schneidwerkzeuges, bis in die Arbeitszone oder unmittelbar bis an den Bearbeitungsbereich des Werkszeugs, insbesondere die Schneiden. Damit kann gleichzeitig zur Kühlung von Bereichen des Halbzeugs auch der Bearbeitungsbereich des Werkzeugs besonders intensiv gekühlt werdenAdvantageously, the passage of the liquid and / or gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air through the hollow shaft of a tool, preferably a cutting tool, up to the working zone or directly to the processing area of the tool, in particular the cutting. Thus, at the same time the processing area of the tool can be cooled particularly intensively for cooling of areas of the semifinished product
Vorzugsweise weist die Vorrichtung Mittel auf, die zur Steuerung oder Regelung des Volumenstroms und/oder der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit und/oder der Temperatur der Strömung geeignet sind.The device preferably has means which are suitable for controlling or regulating the volume flow and / or the flow velocity and / or the temperature of the flow.
Weiterhin ist die Vorrichtung vorzugsweise eingehaust und weist Mittel zur Absaugung des gasförmigen Kohlenstoffdioxid oder des Gemisches aus Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft auf. Diese Absaugung kann durch bereits vorhandene Mittel zur Spanabsaugung aus Bereichen, in denen das Halbzeug spanend bearbeitet wird, realisiert werden. Jedoch sind auch gesonderte Mittel zur Absaugung möglich.Furthermore, the device is preferably housed and has means for extracting the gaseous carbon dioxide or the mixture of carbon dioxide and air. This extraction can be realized by means already existing for chip extraction from areas in which the semifinished product is machined. However, separate means for suction are possible.
Darüber hinaus weist die Vorrichtung vorteilhaft Mittel zur Wiederaufbereitung und Wiederverwendung des gasförmigen Kohlenstoffdioxid oder des Gemisches aus Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft auf.In addition, the apparatus advantageously comprises means for recycling and reusing the gaseous carbon dioxide or the mixture of carbon dioxide and air.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Schmalflächenbeschichtung eines plattenförmigen Halbzeuges oder Werkstücks werden nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher beschrieben und in den
In der darüber liegenden Grafik ist der Temperaturverlauf (Strich-Punkt-Linie) in der Fügezone über dem Arbeitsbereich bei dieser, nach dem Stand der Technik arbeitenden Kantenanleimmaschine dargestellt.The graph above shows the temperature profile (dash-dotted line) in the joining zone above the working area in this prior art edgebander.
Die senkrechte Achse des Diagramms zeigt die Temperatur (T) in Grad Celsius, die waagerechte Achse gibt die Länge L in Metern (m) der Kantenanleimmaschine wieder.The vertical axis of the diagram shows the temperature (T) in degrees Celsius, the horizontal axis represents the length L in meters (m) of the edge banding machine.
Im Diagramm sind durch zwei weitere, waagerecht verlaufende Hilfslinien die Erweichungstemperatur E (in Grad Celsius) und die Wärmestandsfestigkeit W des verwendeten Schmelzklebers EVA/KS 350 dargestellt.The diagram shows the softening temperature E (in degrees Celsius) and the heat resistance W of the hotmelt adhesive EVA / KS 350 used by means of two further, horizontally extending auxiliary lines.
Unter Erweichungstemperatur E wird im Sinne dieser Anmeldung die Temperatur verstanden, bei der sich ein Polymer verformt, z. B. bei der Ring- und Kugelmethode unter dem Gewicht der Kugel (DIN EN 1238).For the purposes of this application, softening temperature E is understood to mean the temperature at which a polymer deforms, eg. B. in the ring and ball method under the weight of the ball (DIN EN 1238).
Da bei vielen Schmelzklebstoffen keine exakt definierte Erweichungstemperatur, sondern nur ein Temperaturbereich angegeben werden kann, gibt die Wärmestandsfestigkeit W die Temperatur an, bei der die Klebstoffschicht einer Temperaturbeanspruchung ohne Deformation über längere Zeiträume zu widerstehen vermag (
Bei dem, im Ausführungsbeispiel eingesetzten Klebstoff EVA/KS 350 (vgl. auch
Zur besseren Vergleichbarkeit mit der bekannten Kantenanleimmaschine nach
In der darüber liegenden Darstellung von
Die dem Stand der Technik entsprechende Kantenanleimmaschine (
In der eingehausten Grundmaschine sind alle Arbeitsstationen eingebaut. Für die gleichzeitige, beidseitige Bearbeitung zweier Schmalflächen der durchlaufenden Möbelplatten sind die Arbeitsstationen doppelt ausgeführt. Zur besseren Darstellung ist die Einhausung der Kantenanleimmaschine nicht dargestellt.In the housed basic machine, all workstations are installed. For the simultaneous, two-sided processing of two narrow surfaces of the moving furniture panels, the workstations are duplicated. For better illustration, the housing of the edge bander is not shown.
In der Arbeitsstation (1) wird das zu bearbeitende plattenförmige Halbzeug (P) bei einer bekannten Kantenanleimmaschine nach dem Stand der Technik (
Dieser technologische Hilfsprozess und die, zu seiner Durchführung verwendete Vorrichtung kann bei dem innovativen Verfahren entfallen (vgl.
In der Arbeitsstation (2) erfolgt die Formatierung der Schmalfläche auf die gewünschte Form. Hier wird in Abhängigkeit vom verwendeten Schmalflächenmaterial die erforderliche Geometrie (gerader Verlauf, Nut, Softform, Holschnitt) der Schmalfläche mit bekannten Schneidwerkzeugen (Fräser, Nutsäge) hergestellt.In the workstation (2), the formatting of the narrow surface is carried out to the desired shape. Here, depending on the narrow-area material used, the required geometry (straight course, groove, soft form, woodcut) of the narrow surface is produced with known cutting tools (milling cutter, grooving saw).
Die in
Die Arbeitsstation (3) ist als Klebestation ausgeführt, in der der verwendete Schmelzkleber mittels Rollen auf die beiden zu beschichtenden Schmalflächen der künftigen Möbelplatte aufgetragen wird. Die Temperatur des Schmelzklebers beträgt beim Benetzen der Rollen 210°C. Beim Verkleben von speziellen Kanten werden Plasmalaser, Diodenlaser oder Heißluftdüsen für das Aufschmelzen des Klebers verwendet. Für Standardkanten werden Leimrollen, Flächenauftragsdüsen, Infrarotstrahler oder Heißluftduschen für das Aktivieren des Klebers eingesetzt.The workstation (3) is designed as a gluing station, in which the hot melt adhesive used is applied by means of rollers on the two narrow surfaces of the future furniture panel to be coated. The temperature of the hot melt adhesive is 210 ° C when wetting the rollers. When bonding special edges, plasma lasers, diode lasers or hot air nozzles are used to melt the adhesive. For standard edges, glue rollers, surface application nozzles, infrared radiators or hot air showers are used to activate the adhesive.
In der Arbeitsstation (4) erfolgt die seitliche Zuführung des Kantenmaterials oder der Massivholzanleimer. Beim Zusammentreffen wird das Kantenmaterial synchron mit der Platte mit der Geschwindigkeit des Förderbandes der Kantenanleimmaschine vorgeschoben. Das Kantenmagazin kann aus mehreren Einzelmagazinen bestehen. Der Anfang des Kantenmaterials wird dabei an der Vorderkante der formatierten Platte zusammengefügt. Die Kantenmaterialien sind der Plattenstärke angepasst und weisen einen beidseitigen Überstand von ca. 2 mm auf.In the workstation (4), the lateral supply of the edge material or the solid wood edging takes place. Upon coincidence, the edge material is advanced synchronously with the plate at the speed of the conveyor belt of the edge banding machine. The edge magazine can consist of several individual magazines. The beginning of the edge material is joined together at the front edge of the formatted plate. The edgeband materials are adapted to the board thickness and have a two-sided overhang of approx. 2 mm.
In der Arbeitsstation (5) wird durch ein Kappmesser das Kantenmaterial am Ende der Platte abgetrennt. Dies geschieht in der Regel mit einem kleinen Überstand an der Hinterkante des Werkstücks.In the work station (5), the edge material is cut off at the end of the plate by a Kappmesser. This usually happens with a small protrusion at the trailing edge of the workpiece.
Die Arbeitsstation (6) umfasst die Andruckzone, die aus der Andruckrolle und weiteren Druckelementen besteht, die mit einem Anpressdruck von 2 - 4 bar den Schmelzkleber zwischen Kantenmaterial und Platte verdichten. Die Viskosität des verwendeten Schmelzklebers ist bei Erreichen der Andruckzone bei einer Temperatur von 180°C noch sehr gering, so dass es bei Vorrichtungen nach dem bekannten Stand der Technik (
Bei der Kantenanleimmaschine gemäß
Bei der Kantenanleimmaschine gemäß
Durch den deutlich höheren Wirkungsgrad des innovativen Kühlverfahrens kann die Andruckzone verkürzt werden. Dadurch kann bei der Neufertigung gattungsgemäßer Kantenanleimmaschinen die Länge der Werzeugmaschine bei zumindest gleicher Produktivität vorteilhaft verkürzt werden. Daraus resultieren geringere Beschaffungs- und Wartungskosten bei der Werkzeugmaschine und ein geringerer Platzbedarf in der Fertigung.Due to the significantly higher efficiency of the innovative cooling process, the pressure zone can be shortened. As a result, the length of the machine tool can advantageously be shortened in the case of the new production of generic edge banding machines with at least the same productivity. This results in lower procurement and maintenance costs for the machine tool and less space required in production.
Die Verkürzung der Andruckzone ist in
In der Arbeitsstation (7) wird nach dem Stand der Technik (
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren (
Dadurch kann bei der Neufertigung gattungsgemäßer Kantenanleimmaschinen die Länge der Werkzeugmaschine bei gleicher Produktivität verkürzt werden. Daraus resultieren geringere Herstellungs- und Wartungskosten bei der Werkzeugmaschine und ein geringerer Platzbedarf in der Fertigung. Die mögliche Verkürzung der Länge L der Kantenanleimmaschine ist in
In der Arbeitsstation (8) werden durch zwei Kappsägen die überstehenden Flächen des Kantenmaterials an der Vorderkante oder Hinterkante der Platte abgetrennt.In the work station (8) are cut off by two chop saws the protruding surfaces of the edge material at the leading edge or trailing edge of the plate.
Die in
In der Arbeitsstation (9) erfolgt das Vorfräsen des Kantenmaterials, das an der Ober- und Unterseite der Platte übersteht.In the work station (9), the pre-milling of the edge material, which protrudes at the top and bottom of the plate takes place.
Bei bekannten Anlagen nach dem Stand der Technik kommt es bei der Fräsbearbeitung zu einer ungewollten Reaktivierung des Schmelzklebers, einer Erwärmung der Kante und in der Folge zu Verschmutzungen der Werkzeuge, der Werkzeugmaschine und der Werkstückoberflächen.In known systems according to the state of the art, in the case of milling, unwanted reactivation of the hot-melt adhesive, heating of the edge and, as a consequence, contamination of the tools, the machine tool and the workpiece surfaces occur.
Hier werden (wie in
Im Ergebnis wird nach dem Wäremeeintrag beim Zerspanen die Temperatur in der Fügezone zeitnah abgesenkt, so dass - im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik - die technologisch kritische Grenze der Wärmestandsfestigkeit W deutlich unterschritten wird (vgl. Kurvenverläufe der Ist-Temperatur in
In der Arbeitsstation (10) werden durch zwei Fräser die überstehenden Kanten des Kantenmaterials bündig mit der Plattenoberfläche gefräst, so dass es durch den Einsatz der mit hohen Drehzahlen arbeitenden Fräswerkzeuge zu einer erneuten unerwünschten Reaktivierung des Schmelzklebers kommt.In the work station (10), the protruding edges of the edge material are milled flush with the plate surface by two cutters, so that it comes through the use of high-speed milling tools to a new unwanted reactivation of the hot melt adhesive.
Hier werden erfindungsgemäß durch mehrere flächig sowie punktuell wirkende Düsen die Haupt- und Nebenschneiden der Fräswerkzeuge, das Schmalflächenband und die angrenzende Oberfläche der Platte vor, während und nach dem Fräsen mit gasförmigem Kohlenstoffdioxid oder einem Gemisch aus Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft gekühlt (
In der Arbeitsstation (11) werden (optional) durch zwei Formfräser die Dünnkanten des Kantenmaterials überfräst. Beim Einsatz von Dickkanten werden z. T. verschiedene Radien gefräst, so dass es durch den wiederholten Einsatz der mit hohen Drehzahlen arbeitenden Fräswerkzeuge zu einer erneuten, unerwünschten Reaktivierung des Schmelzklebers kommt. Hier erfolgt erfindungsgemäß die Kühlung mit gasförmigem Kohlenstoffdioxid lokal über von außen auf das Werkzeug, die Plattenoberfläche und das Kantenmaterial gerichtete Düsen (
In der Arbeitsstation (12) werden mit ein oder zwei Eckenrundungsgeräten die Vorder- und Hinterkante des Kantenmaterials profiliert. Dabei entstehen infolge des kleinen zur Verfügung stehenden Zeitfensters durch die hohen Vorschubgeschwindigkeiten in vertikaler Richtung hohe Temperaturen an den Schneiden der Fräswerkzeuge. In der Folge führt diese Prozesswärme dazu, dass die Vorder- und Hinterkante des Kantenmaterials aufschmelzen und das Kantenmaterial thermisch zu hoch belastet wird.In the workstation (12), the front and rear edges of the edge material are profiled with one or two corner rounding devices. Due to the small available time window due to the high feed speeds in the vertical direction, high temperatures are generated at the cutting edges of the milling tools. As a result, this process heat causes the leading and trailing edges of the edge material to melt and the edge material to be thermally stressed too high.
Hier werden erfindungsgemäß (vgl.
Im Ergebnis wird nach dem wiederholten Wäremeeintrag beim Zerspanen die Temperatur in der Bearbeitungszone erneut reduziert, so dass - im Vergleich zum Verlauf der Ist-Temperatur im Stand der Technik - die technologisch kritische Grenze der Wärmestandsfestigkeit W deutlich unterschritten wird (vgl. Kurvenverläufe der Ist-Temperatur in
In der Arbeitsstation (13) werden optional bei der Verarbeitung von Kunststoffkanten ein oder zwei Profilziehklingenaggregate für die Bearbeitung der Oberfläche der Kante eingesetzt. Dabei wird ein dünner Span abgezogen (0,08 mm bis 0,15 mm), der die zuvor entstandenen Frässchläge entfernen soll. Dadurch entsteht eine gleichmäßige Oberfläche. Durch die Reibungswärme an den einschneidigen Werkzeugen entstehen ohne die vorangegangene Kühlung mit Kohlenstoffdioxid bei den hohen Vorschub- bzw. Schnittgeschwindigkeiten extrem hohe Temperaturen an der Hauptschneide, die zu einem kritischen Temperaturanstieg in der Fügezone führen. Hier werden erfindungsgemäß durch mehrere Düsen das Werkzeug, die Kunststoffkante und die Plattenoberfläche mit Kohlenstoffdioxid oder einem Gemisch aus Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft gekühlt (
Auf das im Stand der Technik (vgl.
In der Arbeitsstation (14) werden durch Flachziehklingen eventuelle Klebstoffreste an den Oberflächen der Platte entfernt. Auch hier entstehen hohe Temperaturen an den Schneiden, die ohne die innovative Gaskühlung mit Kohlenstoffdioxid bei der geringen Viskosität des Schmelzklebers zu einem Verschmieren der Schneiden der Flachziehklingen führen, so dass die Werkzeuge in kürzeren Zyklen gewechselt und gereinigt werden müssen und es zu Unterbrechungen des Fertigungsprozesses kommt.In the workstation (14) are removed by flat scrapers any adhesive residues on the surfaces of the plate. Here too, high temperatures occur at the cutting edges, which, without the innovative gas cooling with carbon dioxide at the low viscosity of the hot melt adhesive to smear the blades of the flat scraper blade, so that the tools must be changed and cleaned in shorter cycles and it comes to interrupting the manufacturing process ,
Hier werden erfindungsgemäß durch mehrere Düsen von außen das Werkzeug, das Kantenmaterial und die Plattenoberfläche mit gasförmigem Kohlenstoffdioxid oder einem Gemisch aus Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft gekühlt (
Auf das auch hier bislang übliche Auftragen von Trennmitteln (vgl.
In der Arbeitsstation (15) werden durch paarweise angeordete Schwabbelaggregate die Oberflächen des plattenförmigen Werkstücks mittels Sisal, Tuch oder Fiberscheiben poliert und gereinigt. Die Schwabbelscheiben arbeiten im Gleichlauf oder Gegenlauf, um zu verhindern, dass der Schmelzkleber in der Fügezone erneut reaktiviert wird. Dadurch ist die Effizienz der Scheiben signifikant reduziert.In the work station (15), the surfaces of the plate-shaped workpiece are polished and cleaned by sisal, cloth or fiber discs by paired Schwabbelaggregate. The buffing wheels work in synchronism or counter-rotation to prevent the hot melt adhesive in the joining zone from being reactivated. As a result, the efficiency of the discs is significantly reduced.
Hier werden erfindungsgemäß durch mehrere flächig wirkende Düsen das Werkzeug, das Kantenmaterial und die Plattenoberfläche mit gasförmigem Kohlenstoffdioxid oder einem Gemisch aus Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft gekühlt.Here, according to the invention, the tool, the edge material and the plate surface are cooled by gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air through a plurality of areal nozzles.
Aufgrund der bei dieser Prozessstufe erreichten, gegenüber dem Stand der Technik deutlich reduzierten Ist-Temperatur in der Arbeitszone (vgl. Kurvenverläufe der Ist-Temperatur in
Auch hier kann auf das übliche Auftragen von Trenn- oder Kühlmitteln (vgl.
In der Arbeitsstation (16) werden durch zwei Schleifaggregate die Kanten der Schmalfläche abschließend geschliffen, so dass es erneut zu einem signifikanten Wärmeeintrag in das Werkstück und zu einer Reaktivierung des Schmelzklebers kommt. Beim Schleifen von Aluminiumkanten müssen prozessbedingt mehrere Schleifbänder mit verschiedener Körnung (Grob- und Feinschliff) verwendet werden. Dies führt unter anderem dazu, dass die Bänder mit Aluminium- und Massivholzpartikeln verkleben. Dadurch kommt es zu extremen Verschmierungen des Aluminiums in den Bändern. Bei diesen Prozessen wird nach dem Stand der Technik als Kühlmittel Rapsöl oder andere, gleichwirkende Flüssigkeiten eingesetzt, die zu einer starken Verschmutzung der Plattenoberflächen führen.In the work station (16) the edges of the narrow surface are finally ground by two grinding units, so that again a significant heat input into the workpiece and a reactivation of the hot melt adhesive occurs. When grinding aluminum edges, several sanding belts with different grain sizes (coarse and fine sanding) must be used due to the process. Among other things, this leads to the strips sticking together with aluminum and solid wood particles. This causes extreme smearing of the aluminum in the belts. In these processes, according to the state of the art, rapeseed oil or other liquids of equivalent action are used as coolants, which lead to severe contamination of the plate surfaces.
Erfindungsgemäß werden durch mehrere, flächig wirkende Düsen die Schleifwerkzeuge, das Kantenmaterial und die Plattenoberfläche mit gasförmigem Kohlenstoffdioxid oder einem Gemisch aus Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft gekühlt (
In der Arbeitsstation (17) können optional Nutaggregate eingesetzt werden.In the workstation (17) optional grooved units can be used.
Durch den Einsatz von Bindemitteln in den Platten kommt es hier auch prozessbedingt beim Fräsen der Nuten zu Verschmutzungen der Werkzeugschneiden.Due to the use of binders in the plates, the process of milling the grooves also causes process contamination of the tool cutting edges.
Durch die lokale Kühlung der Werkzeugschneiden, der Platte und der Kante mit gasförmigem Kohlenstoffdioxid oder einem Gemisch aus Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft vor und während des Fräsens kann die Prozesstemperatur auch in diesem Arbeitsbereich signifikant reduziert werden (vgl. Kurvenverläufe der Ist-Temperatur in
In Transportrichtung (R) der Platte (P) danach wird ein zweiter Bereich (122) der Schmalfläche (20), der an den ersten Bereich (121) angrenzt, jedoch näher an der zweiten Deckfläche (110) der Platte (P) angeordnet ist, erhitzt und das Schmalflächenmaterial (20) in diesem Bereich angedrückt.Thereafter, in the transport direction (R) of the plate (P), a second region (122) of the narrow surface (20) adjacent to the first region (121) is positioned closer to the second top surface (110) of the plate (P) , heated and the narrow-surface material (20) pressed in this area.
Bereits an dieser Bearbeitungsstelle der Platte (P) kann der erste Bereich (121) der Schmalfläche (120) durch ein gezieltes Aufbringen der Strömung aus flüssigem und/oder gasförmigem Kohlenstoffdioxid oder einem Gemisch aus Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft durch eine erste Kühleinheit (31) gekühlt werden, so dass ein Ablösen des Schmalflächenmaterials (20) von der Schmalfläche (120) aufgrund von Rückstellkräften im Schmalflächenmaterial (20) im ersten Bereich (121) verhindert wird. Dieses örtlich entlang der Schmalflächenbreite, d.h. entlang des Verlaufs der Schmalfläche (120) zwischen der ersten Deckseite (100) und der zweiten Deckseite (110), versetzte Andrücken und Kühlen wird nun solange für weitere Bereiche der Schmalfläche (120) fortgesetzt, bis die Schmalfläche (120) vollständig mit dem Schmalflächenmaterial (20) bedeckt ist. In
Es sind schematisch eine Platte (P) sowie die Fräsmaschine (40) dargestellt, die die Schmalfläche (120) der Platte (P) mit einem Fräswerkzeug (41) bearbeitet. Die Schmalfläche (120) wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Strömung aus flüssigem und/oder gasförmigem Kohlenstoffdioxid oder einem Gemisch aus Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft gekühlt. Damit liegt im Bereich des Fräswerkzeugs (41) ein Kohlenstoffdioxid-Luft-Gemisch mit einer niedrigen, speziell eingestellten Temperatur vor.Shown schematically are a plate (P) and the milling machine (40), which processes the narrow surface (120) of the plate (P) with a milling tool (41). The narrow surface (120) according to the invention is cooled by a flow of liquid and / or gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air. This is in the area of the milling tool (41) before a carbon dioxide-air mixture with a low, specially set temperature.
Das Fräswerkzeug (41) ist über eine Werkzeugaufnahme (42) mit einem Motorblock (43) verbunden und mit einer Umhausung (45) eingehaust. Im Motorblock (43) ist zur Kühlung des Motors ein Lüfterrad (44) angeordnet, welches eine Luftströmung von der dem Fräswerkzeug (41) zugewandten Seite des Motorblocks (43) zur Rückseite des Motorblocks (43) erzeugt und damit den Motor kühlt. Dazu wird auf der dem Fräswerkzeug (41) zugewandten Seite des Motorblocks (43) die Luft bzw. das dort vorliegende Luft-Gemisch angesaugt, was mit den dort eingezeichneten Pfeilen in
Da die Umhausung (45) einen geschlossenen Raum um das Fräswerkzeug (41) und die Werkzeugaufnahme (42) bildet, kann das durch das Lüfterrad (44) angesaugte Kohlenstoffdioxid-Luft-Gemisch, das zwischen Fräswerkzeug (41) und Schmalfläche (120) der Platte (P) vorliegt, den Motorblock (43) effektiv kühlen. Über Öffnungen auf der Rückseite des Motorblocks (43) wird das Kohlenstoffdioxid-Luft-Gemisch durch das Lüfterrad (44) an die Umgebung abgegeben oder abgesaugt, was durch die dort eingezeichneten Pfeile in
Wenn die gesamte Fräsmaschine (40) bzw. die Umgebung der Arbeitsstation von einer Umhausung (50) eingehaust ist, die bspw. auch die Deckflächen der Platte (P) mit einschliesst, kann das aus dem Motorblock (43) austretende Luft-Gemisch zur Einstellung definierter Umgebungsbedingungen in der Umgebung der Arbeitsstation genutzt werden.If the entire milling machine (40) or the environment of the workstation of a housing (50) is housed, which includes, for example. Also, the top surfaces of the plate (P) with, from the engine block (43) exiting air mixture for adjustment defined environmental conditions are used in the environment of the workstation.
- Ee
- Erweichungstemperatursoftening
- KK
- Kühlung (mittels flüssigem und/oder gasförmigem Kohlenstoffdioxid oder einem Gemisch aus Kohlenstoffdioxid und Luft)Cooling (by means of liquid and / or gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air)
- LL
- Länge (der Kantenanleimmaschine)Length (the edge banding machine)
- PP
- Platte (plattenförmiges Halbzeug oder Werkstück)Plate (plate-shaped semi-finished product or workpiece)
- TT
- Temperaturtemperature
- vv
- Vorschubgeschwindigkeit (der Kantenanleimmaschine/des Bearbeitu ngssystems)Feed rate (of the edge banding machine / processing system)
- XX
- reduzierte Länge der Kantenanleimmaschine (durch Wegfall der konventionellen Kühleinrichtung)reduced length of the edge banding machine (due to the omission of the conventional cooling device)
- YY
- reduzierte Länge der Kantenanleimmaschine (durch Wegfall von Schwabbelaggregaten)reduced length of the edge banding machine (due to the elimination of buffing units)
- 1-171-17
- Arbeitsstationenworkstations
- 2020
- SchmalflächenmaterialNarrow surface material
- 31-3631-36
- erste bis vierte Kühleinheitfirst to fourth cooling units
- 4040
- Fräsmaschinemilling Machine
- 4141
- Fräswerkzeugmilling tool
- 4242
- Werkzeugaufnahmetool holder
- 4343
- Motorblockblock
- 4444
- Lüfterradfan
- 4545
- Umhausung der FräsmaschineHousing of the milling machine
- 5050
- Umhausung der UmgebungHousing the environment
- 100100
- erste Deckseitefirst cover page
- 110110
- zweite Deckseitesecond cover page
- 120120
- Schmalflächenarrow surface
- 121-126121-126
- erster bis vierter Bereich der Schmalflächefirst to fourth area of the narrow area
Claims (13)
- Method for narrow-surface coating of planar semifinished products or workpieces (P) made of wood or of wood materials such as chipboard or medium-density fibreboard, using edge-banding machines or machining systems in which the planar semifinished products (P) that are already coated with two top layers pass in a continuous manner through a plurality of work stations (1-17), the prepared narrow surfaces (120) being bonded to the narrow-surface material (20) that is to be applied, under the effect of pressure and temperature (T) and by means of a hot-melt adhesive that is heated directly or indirectly, and the narrow surface (120) and the adjacent top layers of the planar semifinished product (P) being machined, characterised in that, before, during or after a machining process at least the regions of the planar semifinished product (P) that are to be machined or that have been machined are cooled by a flow of carbon dioxide or of a mixture of carbon dioxide and air, the carbon dioxide being in liquid form and the cooling effect being achieved by means of liquid carbon dioxide being converted to gaseous carbon dioxide.
- Method according to claim 1, characterised in that a laminar flow of carbon dioxide or of a mixture of carbon dioxide and air is used for cooling (K) one or more regions of the joined planar semifinished product (P).
- Method according to claim 1, characterised in that a turbulent or pulsed flow of carbon dioxide or of a mixture of carbon dioxide and air is used for cooling (K) one or more regions of the joined planar semifinished product (P).
- Method according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the volume flow rate or the flow velocity or the temperature (T) of the flow is adjusted to the optimal temperature or to the optimal temperature profile of the hot-melt adhesive in the joining zone or in the regions of the joined planar semifinished product (P) that are to be machined or that have been machined.
- Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the gaseous carbon dioxide, or the mixture of carbon dioxide and air, that is present in the vicinity of the regions of the planar semifinished product (P) after said regions of the planar semifinished product (P) have been cooled (K) is suctioned away.
- Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the gaseous carbon dioxide or the mixture of carbon dioxide and air is used for cooling (K) the relevant work station (1-17) or the environment thereof.
- Device for narrow-surface coating of planar semifinished products or workpieces (P) made of wood material, such as chipboard or medium-density fibreboard, by means of an edge-coating machine or a machining system in which the planar semifinished products (P) that are already coated with two top layers pass in a continuous manner through a plurality of work stations (1-17), the prepared narrow surfaces (120) being bonded to the narrow-surface material (20) that is to be applied, under the effect of pressure and temperature (T) and by means of a hot-melt adhesive that is heated directly or indirectly, and it being possible to machine the narrow surface (120) and the adjacent top layers of the planar semifinished product (P), characterised in that the device comprises means that are suitable for cooling, before, during or after a machining process and by means of a flow of carbon dioxide or of a mixture of carbon dioxide and air, at least the regions of the joined planar semifinished product (P) that are to be machined or that have been machined, the carbon dioxide being in liquid form and the cooling effect being achieved by means of liquid carbon dioxide being converted into gaseous carbon dioxide.
- Device according to claim 6, characterised in that the means for conducting the liquid or gaseous carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air is designed as a nozzle that acts at specific points or over an entire surface, as a perforated pressure roller, as a pressure shoe, as an air shower or as an air curtain.
- Device according to claim 6, characterised in that the liquid or gaseous carbon dioxide, or a mixture of carbon dioxide and air, is conducted through the hollow shaft of a tool as far as the working zone or directly up to the blades.
- Device according to claim 8, characterised in that the tool is a cutting tool.
- Device according to claim 6, characterised in that the device comprises means suitable for controlling or regulating the volume flow rate or the flow velocity or the temperature (T) of the flow.
- Device according to any of claims 6 to 10, characterised in that the device is enclosed and comprises means for suctioning away the gaseous carbon dioxide or the mixture of carbon dioxide and air.
- Device according to any of claims 6 to 11, characterised in that the device is enclosed and comprises means for suctioning away, recycling and reusing the gaseous carbon dioxide or the mixture of carbon dioxide and air.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL15186320T PL2998052T3 (en) | 2014-09-22 | 2015-09-22 | Method and device for narrow surfaces coating of plate-shaped semi-finished products or workpieces |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014219064.9A DE102014219064A1 (en) | 2014-09-22 | 2014-09-22 | Method and device for narrow-surface coating of plate-shaped semi-finished products or workpieces |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2998052A1 EP2998052A1 (en) | 2016-03-23 |
EP2998052B1 true EP2998052B1 (en) | 2019-02-27 |
Family
ID=54238234
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15186320.6A Active EP2998052B1 (en) | 2014-09-22 | 2015-09-22 | Method and device for narrow surfaces coating of plate-shaped semi-finished products or workpieces |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2998052B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102014219064A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2998052T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102019113270A1 (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2020-11-26 | Homag Gmbh | Hot gas device for providing hot gas as well as coating device and method for coating workpieces |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1600356A (en) * | 1968-01-09 | 1970-07-20 | ||
US5129190A (en) * | 1990-10-31 | 1992-07-14 | Eaton Corporation | Machining and apparatus |
DE29819350U1 (en) * | 1998-09-29 | 1999-01-07 | Dorus Klebetechnik GmbH & Co. KG, 73441 Bopfingen | Device for producing a coated plate element |
DE10042431C1 (en) | 2000-08-30 | 2002-02-28 | Angelika Riepe | Wood panel machining method has dampening fluid used for preventing electrostatic discharge during milling of applied plastics edge strip |
DE102005010565C5 (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2015-03-12 | Rehau Ag + Co. | Lightweight panel and method for its production |
DE102007014832B3 (en) | 2007-03-23 | 2008-09-11 | Technische Universität Dresden | Method for coating the narrow surfaces of a plate-like sandwich material comprises inserting a binder into the corner spaces between the edge strip and the groove walls and pressing the binder into the spaces |
DE102011050311A1 (en) | 2011-05-12 | 2012-11-15 | Bio-Circle Surface Technology GmbH | Process for the production of a coated panel element made of wood-based material with an edge strip and a substance for the process. |
-
2014
- 2014-09-22 DE DE102014219064.9A patent/DE102014219064A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2015
- 2015-09-22 PL PL15186320T patent/PL2998052T3/en unknown
- 2015-09-22 EP EP15186320.6A patent/EP2998052B1/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL2998052T3 (en) | 2019-09-30 |
EP2998052A1 (en) | 2016-03-23 |
DE102014219064A1 (en) | 2016-03-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2539080B1 (en) | Method for coating components | |
DE102012213796B4 (en) | Method and device for coating workpieces | |
EP2683532B1 (en) | Method and device for machining the edges of a panel, preferably a furniture panel | |
DE10124913C1 (en) | Process for the production of a three-dimensionally bendable surface element | |
EP2699375B1 (en) | Device for separating materials while producing a thin kerf | |
EP2522476B1 (en) | Method for producing a coated board element from a wooden material with an edge strip. | |
EP1154891B1 (en) | Continuous process and device for applying a coating material to porous narrow sides of workpieces | |
EP1386720B1 (en) | Method for coating plate-like workpieces with a decorative foil | |
EP2998052B1 (en) | Method and device for narrow surfaces coating of plate-shaped semi-finished products or workpieces | |
AT506045B1 (en) | SHIELD AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF | |
DE202015106488U1 (en) | Apparatus for finishing at least one plate-shaped workpiece | |
EP1117522A1 (en) | Production of a coated plate element | |
DE102013008022B3 (en) | Apparatus for smoothing narrow surfaces of furniture manufacturing panels e.g. particle board used in furniture industry, has spring element that is contacted with coated or uncoated narrow surface of furniture manufacturing plate | |
DE102016221577A1 (en) | Process for coating unsteady surfaces, device and component | |
EP3625014A1 (en) | Machining apparatus and machining method | |
EP0458242A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for manufacturing flat platelike elements with a postformed edge | |
DE102012108721B4 (en) | Method for processing the edge region of an edged plate and device for carrying out the method | |
DD247870A1 (en) | METHOD FOR SHUTTERING PROFILES FROM WOODEN PARTICLES | |
DE202019101917U1 (en) | Device for edge processing of a plate | |
EP3090857B1 (en) | Coating material for coating uneven surfaces and method | |
DE1920424B2 (en) | PROCESS FOR CREATING EXACTLY DETERMINED WELDING ZONES ON A METAL SHEET | |
AT414313B (en) | RENEWED BUILDING PLATE AND METHOD FOR IMPROVING DAMAGE TO A BUILDING PLATE | |
DE69622203T2 (en) | METHOD FOR DIVIDING A COMPOSITE SHEET WITH A HONEYCOMB-CORE AND A INTERMEDIATE LAYER AFTER THIS | |
DE202017105895U1 (en) | Device for producing cover layers and cover layer | |
EP3653353A1 (en) | Device and method for coating a workpiece |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20160908 |
|
RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20170911 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20180412 |
|
GRAJ | Information related to disapproval of communication of intention to grant by the applicant or resumption of examination proceedings by the epo deleted |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTC | Intention to grant announced (deleted) | ||
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20180926 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 1100611 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20190315 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 502015008105 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: SE Ref legal event code: TRGR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MP Effective date: 20190227 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG4D |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190527 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190627 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190627 Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190528 Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190527 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: AL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 502015008105 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20191128 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190930 Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190922 Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190930 Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190922 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: BE Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20190930 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190930 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20190922 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190922 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20150922 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MM01 Ref document number: 1100611 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20200922 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200922 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190227 |
|
P01 | Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered |
Effective date: 20230802 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20230929 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20240801 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20240924 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PL Payment date: 20240906 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 20240923 Year of fee payment: 10 |