EP2995674B1 - Use of a sulfate and a process for the production of a steel component by forming in a machine - Google Patents
Use of a sulfate and a process for the production of a steel component by forming in a machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2995674B1 EP2995674B1 EP14184415.9A EP14184415A EP2995674B1 EP 2995674 B1 EP2995674 B1 EP 2995674B1 EP 14184415 A EP14184415 A EP 14184415A EP 2995674 B1 EP2995674 B1 EP 2995674B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sulphate
- forming
- flat steel
- steel product
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 83
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 19
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 6
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 239000005569 Iron sulphate Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000001164 aluminium sulphate Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 235000011128 aluminium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical compound [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- BUACSMWVFUNQET-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum;trisulfate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BUACSMWVFUNQET-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims 2
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 14
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000358 iron sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 2
- VCPQWWKLNIMKND-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxy sulfate Chemical compound [Zn++].OOS([O-])(=O)=O.OOS([O-])(=O)=O VCPQWWKLNIMKND-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RILZRCJGXSFXNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=C(OC(F)(F)F)C=C1 RILZRCJGXSFXNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 Eisen-Sulfat Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004651 carbonic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011814 protection agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
- C10M103/06—Metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
- C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/53—Treatment of zinc or alloys based thereon
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
- C10M2201/084—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/18—Ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/06—Groups 3 or 13
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/14—Group 7
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/16—Groups 8, 9, or 10
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
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- C10N2040/243—Cold working
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/246—Iron or steel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/015—Dispersions of solid lubricants
- C10N2050/02—Dispersions of solid lubricants dissolved or suspended in a carrier which subsequently evaporates to leave a lubricant coating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/08—Solids
Definitions
- the invention relates to the use of an aqueous solution which contains a sulfate from the group "aluminum sulfate, ammonium sulfate, iron sulfate, magnesium sulfate".
- the invention also relates to a method for producing a component by shaping a flat steel product in a shaping machine.
- the flat steel product to be formed is placed in a forming machine and then shaped by the machine into the respective component.
- the shaping can be carried out as cold shaping, i.e. as shaping at temperatures below the recrystallization temperature of the respective steel of the flat steel products, or as hot shaping, i.e. as shaping at working temperatures which are above the recrystallization temperature.
- a typical example of such a forming process is deep drawing, in which the flat steel product to be formed is pressed into a die by means of a stamp.
- the shape of the die and stamp determine the shape that the flat steel product receives from the forming process.
- This friction can be very different locally, in particular when shaping flat steel products, because the material of the flat steel product is deformed differently in sections in the course of the shaping and thus the material of the flat steel product flows locally with different degrees of strength during the shaping. Therefore, especially in the production of complex shaped components by deep drawing or comparable cold forming processes, in which large degrees of forming are usually achieved and complex shapes are mapped, there are dynamically changing frictional states, in which static and sliding friction can alternate.
- the frictional forces that occur in particular during cold forming can be so high that they are interfere with the continuous flow of the shaping process and can cause incorrect molding of the component to be molded. At the same time, the unavoidable friction causes considerable tool wear.
- Flat steel products in which a zinc or aluminum-based protective coating protecting the actual steel flat product is applied to the actual steel flat product, are particularly critical.
- the surfaces that come into contact with one another during the forming process are coated with lubricants.
- the lubricant can be applied both to the flat steel product to be formed and to the surfaces of the tool that come into contact with the flat steel product.
- lubricants based on mineral oil are used as lubricants for cold forming, to which various additives, such as sulfur-containing, phosphorus-containing or chlorine-containing additives, can be added to optimize their lubricating effect.
- various additives such as sulfur-containing, phosphorus-containing or chlorine-containing additives
- coating agents for cold forming which are based on mineral oil or similar hydrocarbons, are in the DE 101 15 696 A1 described. These coating agents include lubricants based on paraffin or naphthenic or ester oils based on plants or animals.
- Coating agents based on carbonic acid esters are known.
- the coating compositions contain one or more components which are selected from the group of the mono- and / or diesters of mono- or oligophosphoric acids, triglycerides and fatty acid methyl esters. These components are primarily intended to replace hydrocarbons in mineral oil or other petroleum distillates.
- an aqueous solution for treating the surface of a ferrous metal product which contains aluminum sulfate, boric acid or a boric acid precursor and polycarboxylic acid or a salt.
- the coating applied at elevated temperature and low pH is said to facilitate the sliding behavior of the product during wire drawing.
- a solution which contains oxalic acid, fluoroboric acid or a salt thereof and an oxidizing agent.
- the pH of the solution can vary from 0.7 - 2.0.
- the oxidizing agent can be sodium chlorate and a soluble salt of a polyvalent metal that is less noble than iron. This can be an aluminum sulfate, for example.
- a coating formed from this solution can serve as a lubricant for the plastic deformation of flat steel products or can be used in combination with oils to improve the corrosion resistance.
- a lubricant for non-cutting metal forming which contains at least 5% by weight of at least one powdered sulfate, which is selected from the group "calcium sulfate and barium sulfate" and has an average particle size of ⁇ 100 ⁇ m and contains at least one conventional lubricant , the is selected from the group "inorganic solid lubricants, organic solid lubricants and organic liquid lubricants”.
- the lubricant can contain stearic acid.
- a water-based lubricant which contains a water-soluble inorganic salt, a homogeneously dispersed solid lubricant, at least one homogeneously emulsified substance selected from "mineral oils, animal and vegetable oils and fats, synthetic oils", a surfactant and water, for which Weight ratios of the individual components apply to certain requirements.
- the lubricant is said to be particularly suitable for use in the cold forming of metals.
- an aqueous coating solution which should be suitable as a coating of sheets for pressing and punching and contains 10-21% by weight NaCl and 10-21% by weight FeSO4.
- adhering black oxides (Fe3O4) on forgings made of ferrous metal can be prevented by briefly immersing the red-hot parts in an aqueous solution made of iron or another metal sulfate. Immersion forms a light oxide film that can be easily removed in an acidic pickling bath or by electrolytic means.
- the object of the invention was to name coating agents, which, on the one hand, enable optimized tribological conditions when forming flat steel products while minimizing the need for lubricants and, on the other hand, are harmless with regard to their impact on the environment.
- this object has been achieved by the use of an aqueous solution which contains a sulfate selected from the group "aluminum sulfate, ammonium sulfate, iron sulfate, magnesium sulfate" as the coating agent to improve the tribological behavior of a flat steel product when forming in a forming machine.
- a sulfate selected from the group "aluminum sulfate, ammonium sulfate, iron sulfate, magnesium sulfate”
- flat steel product includes all rolled products whose length is much greater than their thickness. Which includes Steel strips and sheets as well as cuts and blanks obtained from them.
- the flat steel products to be cold-formed according to the invention include so-called thin sheets, i.e. H. Sheets with a thickness of less than 4 mm, in particular 0.4 - 3.5 mm, typically 0.5 - 3 mm, which can be formed into a component in the cold or hot rolled state.
- DIN EN 10130 uncoated thin sheets
- DIN EN 10346 thin sheets provided with a corrosion protection coating
- Examples include the soft steels for forming with material numbers 1.0226, 1.0350, 1.0355, 1.0306, 1.0322, 1.0853.
- the sulfates contained in an aqueous solution provided according to the invention as a coating agent for flat steel products lead to a significant improvement in the tribological conditions when forming flat steel products.
- lubricating properties can be achieved which are equivalent to the properties achieved with conventional lubricants of the type described at the beginning. This effect is basically independent of whether the forming is carried out as cold or hot forming.
- the coating compositions according to the invention have proven to be particularly effective sulfates used in the cold forming of steel flat products.
- the sulfates contained in an aqueous solution used according to the invention as a coating material to improve the friction conditions during the shaping are distinguished by good environmental compatibility and can be applied in a simple manner to the respective flat steel product.
- the sulfates used according to the invention can be just as easily removed from the steel components obtained after the shaping process. At the same time, coating residues remaining on the steel component disrupt the processes that usually go through after the forming in the further processing of steel components to a minor extent.
- sulfates from the group "aluminum III sulfate, ammonium sulfate, iron II sulfate, iron III" are to be mentioned specifically as sulfates which are contained in an aqueous solution used according to the invention and are particularly suitable for practical use. Sulfate, magnesium sulfate ".
- a sulfate from the group containing "aluminum sulfate, ammonium sulfate, iron sulfate, magnesium sulfate” provides a coating agent with optimal processing and use properties Available that can be easily provided in sufficient quantity and low cost.
- the sulfates provided in a coating agent applied according to the invention as an aqueous solution in a method of the type according to the invention are suitable for coating the surfaces of the respective tool with which the flat steel product to be formed comes into contact during the forming. So are used according to the invention Sulphates are sprayed as an aqueous solution onto the critical surfaces of the forming tool in each case, brushed or applied in another manner already known in practice for this purpose.
- the respective flat steel product is coated with the coating agent in the course of its production.
- the ease of application and the good adhesion of the sulfates used according to the invention to the surface of the flat steel product to be coated have a particularly positive effect here.
- the sulfates proposed according to the invention for use as lubricants can also be applied to the flat steel product to be formed using conventional coating systems, as are usually available for applying organic or inorganic layers to flat steel products of the type in question here.
- the respective sulfate can be applied as a coating agent to the flat steel product by dipping, spraying, coating or brushing.
- the application of the coating compositions according to the invention in the form of an aqueous solution to improve the state of friction when shaping flat steel products is particularly easy in that these sulfates wet the surface to be coated in each case and accordingly form uniform layers without requiring any special precautions.
- the coating agent present as an aqueous solution according to the invention as an aqueous solution
- the application of the sulfates contained in the coating agent is particularly simple. After a subsequent drying process, there is a dense, evenly distributed thin sulfate layer on the respective flat steel product, which ensures optimum deformation behavior during a forming process, in particular a cold forming process.
- the aqueous solution consists of two components, of which one component is water as a solvent and the other component is the respective sulfate as a tribologically active component. If distilled water is used as the solvent, this has the advantage that the function of the coating cannot be disturbed by foreign ions.
- a sufficiently thick and dense tribologically effective coating for the purposes of the invention on the surface to be coated of flat steel products or Forming tools are obtained when the content of the tribologically active sulfate component in the aqueous solution is 0.2 - 1 mol / l (based on the SO 4 2- ion concentration), with effectively effective coatings resulting in reliable operation in practice if the content of the aqueous solution in the sulfate component provided according to the invention is 0.4-0.7 mol / l (based on the SO 4 2- ion concentration).
- Mixtures of the sulfates provided as coating agents according to the invention can also be applied to the flat steel product in the manner according to the invention.
- the layer formed from the respective coating agent on the flat steel product or on the surface of the forming tool to be coated can be applied with a coating weight of 5-50 mg / m 2 .
- Optimal effects occur when the occupancy weight is 10 - 30 mg / m 2 .
- the surface in question can be cleaned alkaline before the coating agent is applied.
- the sulfates provided according to the invention to improve the tribological properties, the The coefficient of friction of the coated surface is significantly improved.
- a layer formed from the sulfates intended for use in accordance with the invention regularly reduces the coefficient of friction of the respective coated surface to 0,1 0.15.
- the Zn-based coating can be applied in a conventional manner as a pure zinc layer, as a zinc alloy layer with contents of Mg, Al or Si, for example electrolytically or by hot-dip coating on the respective steel substrate. It is also possible to coat flat steel products with Al-based coatings in the manner according to the invention in order to improve their forming behavior during cold or hot forming.
- coatings which are formed by the coating agents selected according to the invention thus achieve friction properties which certainly correspond to the friction properties of coatings which consist of conventional agents commonly used to improve tribological properties.
- a tribologically effective ammonium sulfate layer has been applied to a conventional flat steel product provided in the form of a Zn-coated sheet metal strip.
- an aqueous solution has been created in which 90 g of ammonium sulfate ((NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ) has been dissolved in 1 l of water (dist.), So that the ammonium sulfate content of the aqueous solution is 90 g / l lay.
- the native pH of the solution obtained was 5.3.
- chemcoater which is common in industry.
- a "chemcoater” is a part of the system that is used in the steel industry to apply chemical substances to be applied as an aqueous solution to galvanized flat carbon steel.
- such coaters are used to apply water-soluble media, which serve to pretreat the respective flat steel product for a subsequent coating or film coating or to improve the corrosion protection.
- Various treatment chemicals can be applied to the flat steel product to be coated using rollers.
- the flat steel product covered with the coating then passes through an oven in which the coating is dried.
- a tribologically effective iron (II) sulfate layer has been applied to a conventional flat steel product, also in the form of a Zn coating of thin sheet metal strip.
- a tribologically effective aluminum sulfate layer has been applied to a conventional flat steel product, also in the form of a Zn coating of thin sheet metal strip.
- the aqueous solution was applied to the previously alkaline-cleaned flat steel product at room temperature by means of the coater already described above.
- the application parameters are also shown in Table 1.
- the specification "Setting the dipping and application roller” denotes the amount by which the between the dipping and application roller existing nip is smaller than the thickness of the processed steel flat product.
- PMT also means the so-called "peak metal temperature”.
- the tribologically active layers which consist of the sulfates proposed according to the invention for use, thus achieve the same effect as the conventional coatings, for example consisting of ZnSO 4 .
- Table 1 attempt Operation of the coater Peripheral speeds Setting the dipping and application roller Thickness of the flat steel product Gap width between dipping and application roller Edition weight Drying oven PMT Applicator roller Dipping roller Transport roller temperature Dwell time [m / min] [m / min] [m / min] [ ⁇ m] [mm] [ ⁇ m] [mg / m 2 ] [° C] [s] [° C] 1 Reverse 30th 10th 25th -400 1 0.9 30th 100 100 71 2nd Reverse 25th 10th 23 -500 1 0.9 30th 100 100 71 3rd Mitlaufia 30th 10th 40 -400 1 0.9 30th 100 35 71
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Verwendung einer wässrigen Lösung, die ein Sulfat aus der Gruppe "Aluminium-Sulfat, Ammonium-Sulfat, Eisen-Sulfat, Magnesium-Sulfat" enthält.The invention relates to the use of an aqueous solution which contains a sulfate from the group "aluminum sulfate, ammonium sulfate, iron sulfate, magnesium sulfate".
Ebenso betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Bauteils durch Umformen eines Stahlflachprodukts in einer Umformmaschine.The invention also relates to a method for producing a component by shaping a flat steel product in a shaping machine.
Für das Umformen zu einem Bauteil wird das jeweils umzuformende Stahlflachprodukt in eine Umformmaschine eingelegt und anschließend von der Maschine zu dem jeweiligen Bauteil geformt. Die Umformung kann dabei als Kaltumformung, also als Umformung bei unterhalb der Rekristallisationstemperatur des jeweiligen Stahls der Stahlflachprodukte liegenden Temperaturen, oder als Warmumformung, also als Umformung bei Arbeitstemperaturen, die oberhalb der Rekristallisationstemperatur liegen, durchgeführt werden.For the forming into a component, the flat steel product to be formed is placed in a forming machine and then shaped by the machine into the respective component. The shaping can be carried out as cold shaping, i.e. as shaping at temperatures below the recrystallization temperature of the respective steel of the flat steel products, or as hot shaping, i.e. as shaping at working temperatures which are above the recrystallization temperature.
Ein typisches Beispiel für einen solchen Umformvorgang ist das Tiefziehen, bei dem das umzuformende Stahlflachprodukt mittels eines Stempels in eine Matrize gepresst wird. Die Form von Matrize und Stempel bestimmen hier die Form, die das Stahlflachprodukt durch den Umformvorgang erhält.A typical example of such a forming process is deep drawing, in which the flat steel product to be formed is pressed into a die by means of a stamp. The The shape of the die and stamp determine the shape that the flat steel product receives from the forming process.
Bei jedem Umformvorgang kommt es zu Relativbewegungen zwischen dem jeweils für die Formgebung eingesetzten Umformwerkzeug und dem umzuformenden Produkt. Gleichzeitig besteht Kontakt zwischen den Oberflächen des Produkts und den ihnen zugeordneten Flächen des Umformwerkzeugs. Das dabei zwischen dem Werkzeug und dem umzuformenden Produkt entstehende tribologische System wird durch die Materialeigenschaften des umzuformenden Produkts und des Werkzeugs sowie durch die zwischen dem umzuformenden Produkt und dem Werkzeug vorhandenen Medien bestimmt. Infolge der Relativbewegung zwischen dem Umformwerkzeug und dem das Umformwerkzeug berührenden umzuformenden Produkt entsteht Reibung.With each forming process there are relative movements between the forming tool used for the forming and the product to be formed. At the same time, there is contact between the surfaces of the product and the surfaces of the forming tool assigned to them. The tribological system that arises between the tool and the product to be formed is determined by the material properties of the product and the tool to be formed and by the media present between the product and the tool to be formed. As a result of the relative movement between the forming tool and the product to be formed which is in contact with the forming tool, friction occurs.
Diese Reibung kann insbesondere bei der Umformung von Stahlflachprodukten lokal sehr unterschiedlich sein, weil der Werkstoff des Stahlflachprodukts im Zuge der Umformung abschnittsweise unterschiedlich verformt wird und somit das Material des Stahlflachprodukts bei der Verformung lokal ebenso unterschiedlich stark fließt. Es liegen daher gerade bei der Herstellung von komplex geformten Bauteilen durch Tiefziehen oder vergleichbare Kaltumformvorgänge, bei denen in der Regel große Umformgrade erzielt und komplexe Formen abgebildet werden, dynamisch sich ändernde Reibungszustände vor, bei denen Haft- und Gleitreibung abwechselnd auftreten können.This friction can be very different locally, in particular when shaping flat steel products, because the material of the flat steel product is deformed differently in sections in the course of the shaping and thus the material of the flat steel product flows locally with different degrees of strength during the shaping. Therefore, especially in the production of complex shaped components by deep drawing or comparable cold forming processes, in which large degrees of forming are usually achieved and complex shapes are mapped, there are dynamically changing frictional states, in which static and sliding friction can alternate.
Die insbesondere bei der Kaltumformung auftretenden Reibkräfte können so hoch sein, dass sie den kontinuierlichen Ablauf des Formgebungsvorgangs stören und eine fehlerhafte Abformung des jeweils zu formenden Bauteils verursachen können. Gleichzeitig bedingt die unvermeidbar auftretende Reibung einen erheblichen Werkzeugverschleiß.The frictional forces that occur in particular during cold forming can be so high that they are interfere with the continuous flow of the shaping process and can cause incorrect molding of the component to be molded. At the same time, the unavoidable friction causes considerable tool wear.
Besonders kritisch erweisen sich in diesem Zusammenhang Stahlflachprodukte, bei denen auf das eigentliche Stahlflachprodukt eine vor Korrosion oder anderen Umwelteinflüssen schützende Schutzbeschichtung auf Zink- oder Aluminiumbasis aufgetragen ist.Flat steel products, in which a zinc or aluminum-based protective coating protecting the actual steel flat product is applied to the actual steel flat product, are particularly critical.
Um die durch Reibung ausgelösten negativen Effekte bei der Umformung zu mindern, werden in der Praxis die miteinander beim Umformvorgang in Kontakt kommenden Flächen mit Schmierstoffen belegt. Durch den Einsatz geeigneter Beschichtungsmittel lassen sich die Umformwerkzeuge schützen und so die Werkzeugstandzeiten wesentlich erhöhen. Der Schmierstoff kann dazu sowohl auf das umzuformende Stahlflachprodukt als auch auf die Flächen des Werkzeugs aufgetragen werden, die mit dem Stahlflachprodukt in Kontakt kommen.In order to reduce the negative effects caused by friction during forming, the surfaces that come into contact with one another during the forming process are coated with lubricants. By using suitable coating agents, the forming tools can be protected and the tool life can be significantly increased. For this purpose, the lubricant can be applied both to the flat steel product to be formed and to the surfaces of the tool that come into contact with the flat steel product.
Üblicherweise werden als Schmierstoffe für das Kaltumformen Schmiermittel auf Basis von Mineralöl verwendet, denen zur Optimierung ihrer Schmierwirkung verschiedene Additive, wie schwefelhaltige, phosphorhaltige oder chlorhaltige Zuschlagsstoffe, zugegeben werden können. Eine detaillierte Erläuterung der Tribologie in der Umformtechnik findet sich in
Beispiele für Beschichtungsmittel für die Kaltumformung, die auf Mineralöl oder ähnlichen Kohlenwasserstoffen basieren, sind in der
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Vor dem Hintergrund des Standes der Technik bestand die Aufgabe der Erfindung darin, Beschichtungsmittel zu nennen, die bei minimiertem Schmierstoffbedarf einerseits optimierte tribologische Bedingungen bei der Umformung von Stahlflachprodukten ermöglichen und andererseits im Hinblick auf ihre Wirkung auf die Umwelt unbedenklich sind.Against the background of the prior art, the object of the invention was to name coating agents, which, on the one hand, enable optimized tribological conditions when forming flat steel products while minimizing the need for lubricants and, on the other hand, are harmless with regard to their impact on the environment.
Ebenso sollte ein Verfahren angegeben werden, mit dem sich mit hoher Effektivität und minimierter Umweltbelastung durch Kaltumformen Bauteile aus Stahlflachprodukten herstellen lassen.Likewise, a process should be specified with which components can be manufactured from flat steel products with high effectiveness and minimized environmental impact due to cold forming.
In Bezug auf das Beschichtungsmittel ist diese Aufgabe durch die in Anspruch 1 angegebene Verwendung einer wässrigen Lösung gelöst worden, die ein Sulfat, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe "Aluminium-Sulfat, Ammonium-Sulfat, Eisen-Sulfat, Magnesium-Sulfat" enthält, als Beschichtungsmittel zur Verbesserung des tribologischen Verhaltens eines Stahlflachprodukts beim Umformen in einer Umformmaschine gelöst worden.With regard to the coating agent, this object has been achieved by the use of an aqueous solution which contains a sulfate selected from the group "aluminum sulfate, ammonium sulfate, iron sulfate, magnesium sulfate" as the coating agent to improve the tribological behavior of a flat steel product when forming in a forming machine.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung der voranstehend in Bezug auf das Verfahren genannten Aufgabe besteht darin, dass bei der Herstellung eines Stahlbauteils die in Anspruch 4 angegebenen Arbeitsschritte absolviert werden.The solution according to the invention to the object mentioned above in relation to the method is that the work steps specified in claim 4 are carried out in the manufacture of a steel component.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben und werden nachfolgend wie der allgemeine Erfindungsgedanke im Einzelnen erläutert.Advantageous refinements of the invention are specified in the dependent claims and are explained in detail below, like the general inventive concept.
Unter den Begriff "Stahlflachprodukt" fallen nach dem Verständnis der Erfindung alle Walzprodukte, deren Länge sehr viel größer ist als ihre Dicke. Hierzu zählen Stahlbänder und -bleche sowie daraus gewonnene Zuschnitte und Platinen.According to the understanding of the invention, the term "flat steel product" includes all rolled products whose length is much greater than their thickness. Which includes Steel strips and sheets as well as cuts and blanks obtained from them.
Insbesondere fallen unter die erfindungsgemäß kaltumzuformenden Stahlflachprodukte so genannte Feinbleche, d. h. Bleche mit einer Stärke von kleiner 4 mm, insbesondere 0,4 - 3,5 mm, typischerweise 0,5 - 3 mm, die im kalt- oder warmgewalzten Zustand zu einem Bauteil umgeformt werden können. Eine Übersicht über typischerweise als Feinbleiche für die Kaltumformung vorgesehene Stahlflachprodukte der in Rede stehenden Art geben die DIN EN 10130 (unbeschichtete Feinbleche) und die DIN EN 10346 (mit einer Korrosionsschutzbeschichtung versehene Feinbleche). Beispielhaft zu nennen sind hier die weichen Stähle zum Umformen mit den Werkstoffnummern 1.0226, 1.0350, 1.0355, 1.0306, 1.0322, 1.0853.In particular, the flat steel products to be cold-formed according to the invention include so-called thin sheets, i.e. H. Sheets with a thickness of less than 4 mm, in particular 0.4 - 3.5 mm, typically 0.5 - 3 mm, which can be formed into a component in the cold or hot rolled state. DIN EN 10130 (uncoated thin sheets) and DIN EN 10346 (thin sheets provided with a corrosion protection coating) provide an overview of the flat steel products of the type in question, which are typically intended as fine bleaches for cold forming. Examples include the soft steels for forming with material numbers 1.0226, 1.0350, 1.0355, 1.0306, 1.0322, 1.0853.
Überraschend hat sich gezeigt, dass die in einer erfindungsgemäß als Beschichtungsmittel für Stahlflachprodukte vorgesehene wässrige Lösung enthaltenen Sulfate zu einer deutlichen Verbesserung der tribologischen Bedingungen beim Umformen von Stahlflachprodukten führen. So lassen sich mit den in der erfindungsgemäß zur Verwendung als Beschichtungsmittel ausgewählten wässrigen Lösung enthaltenen Sulfaten Schmiereigenschaften erzielen, die den Eigenschaften gleichkommen, welche mit konventionellen Schmierstoffen der eingangs vorgestellten Art erreicht werden. Diese Wirkung ist grundsätzlich unabhängig davon, ob die Umformung als Kalt- oder Warmumformung durchgeführt wird. Besonders wirksam erweisen sich die erfindungsgemäß als Beschichtungsmittel verwendeten Sulfate bei der Kaltumformung von Stahlflachprodukten.Surprisingly, it has been shown that the sulfates contained in an aqueous solution provided according to the invention as a coating agent for flat steel products lead to a significant improvement in the tribological conditions when forming flat steel products. Thus, with the sulfates contained in the aqueous solution selected according to the invention for use as a coating agent, lubricating properties can be achieved which are equivalent to the properties achieved with conventional lubricants of the type described at the beginning. This effect is basically independent of whether the forming is carried out as cold or hot forming. The coating compositions according to the invention have proven to be particularly effective sulfates used in the cold forming of steel flat products.
Dabei zeichnen sich die in einer erfindungsgemäß verwendeten wässrigen Lösung erfindungsgemäß als Beschichtungswerkstoff zur Verbesserung der Reibungsbedingungen beim Umformen enthaltenen Sulfate durch eine gute Umweltverträglichkeit aus und können auf einfache Weise auf das jeweilige Stahlflachprodukt appliziert werden.The sulfates contained in an aqueous solution used according to the invention as a coating material to improve the friction conditions during the shaping are distinguished by good environmental compatibility and can be applied in a simple manner to the respective flat steel product.
Aufgrund ihrer Wasserlöslichkeit lassen sich die erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Sulfate nach der Verformung ebenso leicht wieder von den jeweils nach dem Umformvorgang erhaltenen Stahlbauteilen entfernen. Dabei stören auf dem Stahlbauteil verbleibende Beschichtungsreste die bei der Weiterverarbeitung von Stahlbauteilen üblicherweise nach der Umformung durchlaufenen Prozesse allenfalls unwesentlich.Due to their solubility in water, the sulfates used according to the invention can be just as easily removed from the steel components obtained after the shaping process. At the same time, coating residues remaining on the steel component disrupt the processes that usually go through after the forming in the further processing of steel components to a minor extent.
Als Sulfate, die in einer erfindungsgemäß verwendeten wässrigen Lösung enthalten und für den praktischen Einsatz besonders geeignet sind, konkret zu nennen sind die Sulfate aus der Gruppe "Aluminium-III-Sulfat, Ammonium-Sulfat, Eisen-II-Sulfat, Eisen-III-Sulfat, Magnesium-Sulfat".The sulfates from the group "aluminum III sulfate, ammonium sulfate, iron II sulfate, iron III" are to be mentioned specifically as sulfates which are contained in an aqueous solution used according to the invention and are particularly suitable for practical use. Sulfate, magnesium sulfate ".
Im Ergebnis steht mit der erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Verwendung einer Sulfate aus der Gruppe "Aluminium-Sulfat, Ammonium-Sulfat, Eisen-Sulfat, Magnesium-Sulfat" enthaltenden wässrigen Lösung ein Beschichtungsmittel mit optimalen Verarbeitungs- und Gebrauchseigenschaften zur Verfügung, das problemlos in ausreichender Menge und geringen Kosten bereitgestellt werden kann.As a result, the use according to the invention of a sulfate from the group containing "aluminum sulfate, ammonium sulfate, iron sulfate, magnesium sulfate" provides a coating agent with optimal processing and use properties Available that can be easily provided in sufficient quantity and low cost.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Stahlbauteils durch Umformen eines Stahlflachprodukts in einer Umformmaschine umfasst demgemäß folgende Arbeitsschritte:
- Bereitstellen des Stahlflachprodukts;
- Erzeugen einer tribologisch wirksamen Schicht auf mindestens einer der sich bei der Umformung berührenden Flächen des Stahlflachprodukts oder der zum Umformen eingesetzten Umformmaschine durch Beschichten mit einem Beschichtungsmittel, das als wässrige Lösung aufgetragen wird, die aus zwei Komponenten besteht, von denen die eine Komponente Wasser als Lösungsmittel und die andere Komponente ein Sulfat aus der Gruppe "Aluminium-Sulfat, Ammonium-Sulfat, Eisen-Sulfat, Magnesium-Sulfat" ist;
- Einlegen des Stahlflachprodukts in das Umformwerkzeug;
- Umformen des in die Umformmaschine eingelegten Stahlflachprodukts zu dem Bauteil.
- Providing the steel flat product;
- Generating a tribologically effective layer on at least one of the surfaces of the flat steel product touching during the forming or the forming machine used for forming by coating with a coating agent which is applied as an aqueous solution, which consists of two components, one of which is water as a solvent and the other component is a sulfate from the group "aluminum sulfate, ammonium sulfate, iron sulfate, magnesium sulfate";
- Inserting the flat steel product into the forming tool;
- Forming the flat steel product inserted in the forming machine into the component.
Aufgrund ihrer einfachen Applizierbarkeit eignen sich die in einem erfindungsgemäß als wässrige Lösung aufgetragenen Beschichtungsmittel bei einem Verfahren der erfindungsgemäßen Art vorgesehenen Sulfate für eine Beschichtung der Flächen des jeweiligen Werkzeugs, mit denen das umzuformende Stahlflachprodukt bei der Umformung in Kontakt kommt. So werden die erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Sulfate als wässrige Lösung auf die jeweils kritischen Flächen des Umformwerkzeugs gespritzt, gepinselt oder in anderer in der Praxis für diese Zwecke bereits bekannten Weise aufgetragen.Because of their ease of application, the sulfates provided in a coating agent applied according to the invention as an aqueous solution in a method of the type according to the invention are suitable for coating the surfaces of the respective tool with which the flat steel product to be formed comes into contact during the forming. So are used according to the invention Sulphates are sprayed as an aqueous solution onto the critical surfaces of the forming tool in each case, brushed or applied in another manner already known in practice for this purpose.
Als besonders vorteilhaft bei der großtechnischen Anwendung der Erfindung erweist es sich, wenn das jeweilige Stahlflachprodukt im Zuge seiner Erzeugung mit dem Beschichtungsmittel beschichtet wird. Hier wirken sich die einfache Applizierbarkeit und die gute Anhaftung der erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Sulfate an der zu beschichtenden Oberfläche des Stahlflachprodukts besonders positiv aus. Auch auf das jeweils umzuformende Stahlflachprodukt können die erfindungsgemäß zur Verwendung als Schmiermittel vorgeschlagenen Sulfate mit herkömmlichen Beschichtungsanlagen aufgebracht werden, wie sie üblicherweise zum Applizieren von organischen oder anorganischen Schichten auf Stahlflachprodukte der hier in Rede stehenden Art zur Verfügung stehen. So kann das jeweilige Sulfat als Beschichtungsmittel durch Tauchen, Spritzen, Coaten oder Einpinseln auf das Stahlflachprodukt aufgetragen werden.It proves to be particularly advantageous in the industrial application of the invention if the respective flat steel product is coated with the coating agent in the course of its production. The ease of application and the good adhesion of the sulfates used according to the invention to the surface of the flat steel product to be coated have a particularly positive effect here. The sulfates proposed according to the invention for use as lubricants can also be applied to the flat steel product to be formed using conventional coating systems, as are usually available for applying organic or inorganic layers to flat steel products of the type in question here. The respective sulfate can be applied as a coating agent to the flat steel product by dipping, spraying, coating or brushing.
Der Auftrag der erfindungsgemäß als wässrige Lösung vorliegenden Beschichtungsmittel zur Verbesserung des Reibungszustands beim Verformen von Stahlflachprodukten enthaltenen Sulfate wird dadurch besonders einfach, dass diese Sulfate die jeweils zu beschichtende Fläche gut benetzen und dementsprechend gleichmäßige Schichten ausbilden, ohne dass es dazu besonderer Vorkehrungen bedarf. Insbesondere ist es nicht erforderlich, die jeweilige wässrige Lösung besonders zu temperieren. Vielmehr kann der Auftrag der das erfindungsgemäß zur Verwendung vorgesehenen Sulfat enthaltenden wässrigen Lösung bei Raumtemperatur erfolgen.The application of the coating compositions according to the invention in the form of an aqueous solution to improve the state of friction when shaping flat steel products is particularly easy in that these sulfates wet the surface to be coated in each case and accordingly form uniform layers without requiring any special precautions. In particular, it is not necessary to bring the particular aqueous solution to a particular temperature. Rather, the aqueous solution containing the sulfate intended for use according to the invention can be applied at room temperature.
Indem das erfindungsgemäß als wässrige Lösung vorliegende Beschichtungsmittel als wässrige Lösung appliziert wird, ist der Auftrag der in dem Beschichtungsmittel enthaltenen Sulfate besonders einfach. Nach einem anschließenden Trocknungsvorgang liegt eine dichte, gleichmäßig verteilte dünne Sulfatschicht auf dem jeweiligen Stahlflachprodukt, welche ein optimales Verformungsverhalten während eines Umformvorgangs, insbesondere eines Kaltumformvorgangs, sicherstellt.By applying the coating agent present as an aqueous solution according to the invention as an aqueous solution, the application of the sulfates contained in the coating agent is particularly simple. After a subsequent drying process, there is a dense, evenly distributed thin sulfate layer on the respective flat steel product, which ensures optimum deformation behavior during a forming process, in particular a cold forming process.
Hierbei zeigt sich, dass es keiner Additive, wie sie im Stand der Technik beispielsweise zur Einstellung eines bestimmten pH-Wertes benötigt werden, bedarf, um beim jeweiligen Beschichtungsvorgang eine gute Bedeckung der jeweils zu beschichtenden Fläche mit dem erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Beschichtungsmittel zu gewährleisten. So hat es sich als ausreichend erwiesen, wenn die wässrige Lösung aus zwei Komponenten besteht, von denen die eine Komponente Wasser als Lösungsmittel und die andere Komponente das jeweilige Sulfat als tribologisch wirksamer Bestandteil ist. Wird als Lösungsmittel dabei destilliertes Wasser verwendet, so hat dies den Vorteil, dass es zu keiner Störung der Funktion der Beschichtung durch Fremdionen kommen kann.This shows that there is no need for any additives such as are required in the prior art, for example for setting a specific pH, in order to ensure good coverage of the surface to be coated in each case with the coating agent used according to the invention. It has proven to be sufficient if the aqueous solution consists of two components, of which one component is water as a solvent and the other component is the respective sulfate as a tribologically active component. If distilled water is used as the solvent, this has the advantage that the function of the coating cannot be disturbed by foreign ions.
Eine für die erfindungsgemäßen Zwecke ausreichend dicke und dichte tribologisch wirksame Beschichtung auf der jeweils zu beschichtenden Fläche von Stahlflachprodukten oder Umformwerkzeugen ergibt sich, wenn der Gehalt des tribologisch wirksamen Sulfat-Bestandteils in der wässrigen Lösung 0,2 - 1 mol/l (bezogen auf die SO4 2- Ionenkonzentration) beträgt, wobei sich gut wirksame Beschichtungen in der Praxis betriebssicher dann ergeben, wenn der Gehalt des erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Sulfat-Bestandteils an der wässrigen Lösung 0,4 - 0,7 mol/l (bezogen auf die SO4 2-Ionenkonzentration) beträgt.A sufficiently thick and dense tribologically effective coating for the purposes of the invention on the surface to be coated of flat steel products or Forming tools are obtained when the content of the tribologically active sulfate component in the aqueous solution is 0.2 - 1 mol / l (based on the SO 4 2- ion concentration), with effectively effective coatings resulting in reliable operation in practice if the content of the aqueous solution in the sulfate component provided according to the invention is 0.4-0.7 mol / l (based on the SO 4 2- ion concentration).
Es können auch Mischungen der erfindungsgemäß als Beschichtungsmittel vorgesehenen Sulfate in erfindungsgemäßer Weise auf das Stahlflachprodukt aufgebracht werden.Mixtures of the sulfates provided as coating agents according to the invention can also be applied to the flat steel product in the manner according to the invention.
Um unter den betrieblichen Bedingungen eine sichere Wirkung des zur erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung vorgesehenen Sulfat-Beschichtungsmittels zu gewährleisten, kann die aus dem jeweiligen Beschichtungsmittel auf dem Stahlflachprodukt oder der zu beschichtenden Fläche des Umformwerkzeugs gebildete Schicht mit einem Belegungsgewicht von 5 - 50 mg/m2 aufgebracht werden. Optimale Wirkungen stellen sich dabei dann ein, wenn das Belegungsgewicht bei 10 - 30 mg/m2 liegt.In order to ensure a safe effect of the sulfate coating agent intended for use in accordance with the invention under the operating conditions, the layer formed from the respective coating agent on the flat steel product or on the surface of the forming tool to be coated can be applied with a coating weight of 5-50 mg / m 2 . Optimal effects occur when the occupancy weight is 10 - 30 mg / m 2 .
Um eine optimale Haftung des erfindungsgemäß zur Verwendung vorgesehenen Beschichtungsmittels auf der jeweiligen Oberfläche zu sichern, kann die betreffende Oberfläche vor dem Auftrag des Beschichtungsmittels alkalisch gereinigt werden.In order to ensure optimum adhesion of the coating agent intended for use on the respective surface, the surface in question can be cleaned alkaline before the coating agent is applied.
Durch den Auftrag der erfindungsgemäß zur Verbesserung der tribologischen Eigenschaften vorgesehenen Sulfate wird der Reibungskoeffizient der jeweils beschichteten Fläche deutlich verbessert. So wird durch eine aus den erfindungsgemäß zur Verwendung vorgesehenen Sulfaten gebildete Schicht der Reibungskoeffizient der jeweils beschichteten Fläche regelmäßig auf ≤ 0,15 verringert.By applying the sulfates provided according to the invention to improve the tribological properties, the The coefficient of friction of the coated surface is significantly improved. For example, a layer formed from the sulfates intended for use in accordance with the invention regularly reduces the coefficient of friction of the respective coated surface to 0,1 0.15.
Dieser Erfolg stellt sich speziell dann ein, wenn das Stahlflachprodukt zum Schutz vor Korrosion, insbesondere durch Schmelztauchbeschichten, mit einer Schutzbeschichtung auf Basis von Zink beschichtet ist. Die Zn-basierte Beschichtung kann dabei in konventioneller Weise als reine Zinkschicht, als Zinklegierungsschicht mit Gehalten an Mg, Al oder Si beispielsweise elektrolytisch oder durch Schmelztauchbeschichten auf das jeweilige Stahlsubstrat aufgebracht sein. Auch ist es möglich, Stahlflachprodukte mit Al-basierten Überzügen in erfindungsgemäßer Weise zu beschichten, um ihr Umformverhalten bei einer Kalt- oder Warmumformung zu verbessern.This success arises especially when the steel flat product is coated with a protective coating based on zinc to protect against corrosion, in particular by hot dip coating. The Zn-based coating can be applied in a conventional manner as a pure zinc layer, as a zinc alloy layer with contents of Mg, Al or Si, for example electrolytically or by hot-dip coating on the respective steel substrate. It is also possible to coat flat steel products with Al-based coatings in the manner according to the invention in order to improve their forming behavior during cold or hot forming.
Ohne dass dazu die Nachteile der konventionellen Mittel, wie potenziell umweltschädigende Bestandteile, komplexe Verfahren zum Auftrag und desgleichen in Kauf genommen werden müssen, erreichen Beschichtungen, die durch die erfindungsgemäß ausgewählten Beschichtungsmittel gebildet sind, somit Reibungseigenschaften, die sicher den Reibungseigenschaften von Beschichtungen entsprechen, die aus konventionellen, zur Verbesserung der tribologischen Eigenschaften üblicherweise verwendeten Mitteln bestehen.Without having to accept the disadvantages of the conventional means, such as potentially environmentally harmful constituents, complex application methods and the like, coatings which are formed by the coating agents selected according to the invention thus achieve friction properties which certainly correspond to the friction properties of coatings which consist of conventional agents commonly used to improve tribological properties.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- ein Diagramm, in dem die Entwicklung des Reibungskoeffizienten der Oberfläche eines mit einer Ammonium-Sulfat-Schicht beschichteten verzinkten Feinblechs während des Streifenziehversuchs über die jeweilige Flächenpressung aufgetragen ist;
- Fig. 2
- ein Diagramm, in dem die Entwicklung des Reibungskoeffizienten der Oberfläche eines unbehandelten verzinkten Feinblechs während des Streifenziehversuchs über die jeweilige Flächenpressung aufgetragen ist;
- Fig. 3
- ein Diagramm, in dem die Entwicklung des Reibungskoeffizienten der Oberfläche eines mit einer Eisen-II-Sulfat-Schicht beschichteten verzinkten Feinblechs während des Streifenziehversuchs über die jeweilige Flächenpressung aufgetragen ist
- Fig. 4
- ein Diagramm, in dem die Entwicklung des Reibungskoeffizienten der Oberfläche eines mit einer Aluminium-Sulfat-Schicht beschichteten verzinkten Feinblechs während des Streifenziehversuchs über die jeweilige Flächenpressung aufgetragen ist.
- Fig. 1
- a diagram in which the development of the coefficient of friction of the surface of a galvanized thin sheet coated with an ammonium sulfate layer during the strip drawing test is plotted against the respective surface pressure;
- Fig. 2
- a diagram in which the development of the coefficient of friction of the surface of an untreated galvanized thin sheet is plotted during the strip drawing test over the respective surface pressure;
- Fig. 3
- a diagram in which the development of the coefficient of friction of the surface of a galvanized sheet coated with an iron (II) sulfate layer during the strip drawing test is plotted against the respective surface pressure
- Fig. 4
- a diagram in which the development of the coefficient of friction of the surface of a galvanized thin sheet coated with an aluminum sulfate layer during the strip drawing test is plotted against the respective surface pressure.
Die in den Figuren wiedergegebenen Verläufe der Reibungskoeffizienten sind im Streifenziehversuch ermittelt worden, der beispielsweise im
Auf ein in Form eines mit einem Zn-Überzug versehenen Feinblech-Bands vorliegendes konventionelles Stahlflachprodukt ist eine tribologisch wirksame Ammonium-Sulfat-Schicht aufgetragen worden.A tribologically effective ammonium sulfate layer has been applied to a conventional flat steel product provided in the form of a Zn-coated sheet metal strip.
Hierzu ist eine wässrige Lösung erstellt worden, bei der 90 g Ammonium-Sulfat ((NH4)2SO4) in 1 l Wasser (dest.) gelöst worden ist, so dass der Ammonium-Sulfat-Gehalt der wässrigen Lösung bei 90 g/l lag. Der native pH-Wert der erhaltenen Lösung betrug 5,3.For this purpose, an aqueous solution has been created in which 90 g of ammonium sulfate ((NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ) has been dissolved in 1 l of water (dist.), So that the ammonium sulfate content of the aqueous solution is 90 g / l lay. The native pH of the solution obtained was 5.3.
Die so beschaffene wässrige Lösung ist mittels eines in der Industrie gebräuchlichen so genannten "Chemcoaters" bei Raumtemperatur auf das zuvor alkalisch gereinigte Stahlflachprodukt Feinblech aufgebracht worden.The aqueous solution obtained in this way has been applied to the previously alkaline-cleaned flat sheet steel product at room temperature by means of a so-called "chemcoater" which is common in industry.
Ein "Chemcoater" ist ein Anlagenteil, das in der Stahlindustrie zum Auftragen von chemischen, als wässrige Lösung zu applizierende Substanzen auf verzinktem Qualitätsflachstahl verwendet wird. Insbesondere werden solche Coater zum Auftrag von wasserlöslichen Medien verwendet, die der Vorbehandlung des jeweiligen Stahlflachprodukts für eine nachfolgende Lack- oder Folienbeschichtung oder zur Verbesserung des Korrosionsschutzes dienen. Dabei können verschiedene Behandlungschemikalien über Walzen auf das jeweils zu beschichtende Stahlflachprodukt aufgetragen werden.A "chemcoater" is a part of the system that is used in the steel industry to apply chemical substances to be applied as an aqueous solution to galvanized flat carbon steel. In particular, such coaters are used to apply water-soluble media, which serve to pretreat the respective flat steel product for a subsequent coating or film coating or to improve the corrosion protection. Various treatment chemicals can be applied to the flat steel product to be coated using rollers.
Anschließend durchläuft das mit der Beschichtung belegte Stahlflachprodukt einen Ofen, in dem die Beschichtung getrocknet wird.The flat steel product covered with the coating then passes through an oven in which the coating is dried.
Die beim Auftrag der Ammonium-Sulfat-Lösung eingestellten Parameter sind in Tabelle 1 angegeben.The parameters set when the ammonium sulfate solution was applied are shown in Table 1.
Um die für das Verhalten bei einer Kaltumformung (Tiefziehen) im Kaltumformwerkzeug (Stempel/Matrize) einer Kaltumformmaschine entscheidende Entwicklung des Reibungskoeffizienten über die Flächenpressung zu ermitteln, sind Proben des so erhaltenen, mit der Ammonium-Sulfat-Schicht belegten und zusätzlich mit einem konventionellen Öl, bei dem es sich um ein konventionelles, unter der Bezeichnung
Zum Vergleich ist eine unbehandelte Probe desselben Stahlflachprodukts ebenfalls einem Streifenziehtest unter denselben Bedingungen wie die zuvor untersuchte Probe unterzogen worden. Der dabei ermittelte Verlauf des Reibungskoeffizienten über die Flächenpressung ist in
Auf ein ebenfalls in Form eines mit einem Zn-Überzug versehenen Feinblech-Bands vorliegendes konventionelles Stahlflachprodukt ist eine tribologisch wirksame Eisen-II-Sulfat-Schicht aufgetragen worden.A tribologically effective iron (II) sulfate layer has been applied to a conventional flat steel product, also in the form of a Zn coating of thin sheet metal strip.
Hierzu ist 189 g Eisen-II-Sulfat (FeSO4) in 1 l vollentmineralisiertem Wasser gelöst worden, so dass der Eisen-Sulfat-Gehalt der wässrigen Lösung bei 189 g/l lag. Der native pH-Wert der erhaltenen Lösung betrug 2,2.For this purpose, 189 g of iron (II) sulfate (FeSO 4 ) was dissolved in 1 l of fully demineralized water, so that the iron sulfate content of the aqueous solution was 189 g / l. The native pH of the solution obtained was 2.2.
Die wässrige Lösung ist wie beim Versuch 1 bei Raumtemperatur mittels des oben bereits beschriebenen Coaters auf das zuvor alkalisch gereinigte Stahlflachprodukt aufgebracht worden. Die Applikationsparameter sind ebenfalls in Tabelle 1 angegeben.As in Experiment 1, the aqueous solution is alkaline-cleaned to that previously cleaned at room temperature using the coater already described above Flat steel product has been applied. The application parameters are also shown in Table 1.
Proben des so erhaltenen, mit der Eisen-II-Sulfat-Schicht belegten Stahlflachprodukts sind ebenfalls einem Streifenziehtest unter den voranstehend bereits erläuterten Bedingungen unterzogen worden. Das Ergebnis dieses Tests ist in
Auf ein ebenfalls in Form eines mit einem Zn-Überzug versehenen Feinblech-Bands vorliegendes konventionelles Stahlflachprodukt ist eine tribologisch wirksame Aluminium-Sulfat-Schicht aufgetragen worden.A tribologically effective aluminum sulfate layer has been applied to a conventional flat steel product, also in the form of a Zn coating of thin sheet metal strip.
Hierzu ist 240 g Aluminium-Sulfat (Al2(SO4)3) in 1 l destilliertem Wasser gelöst worden, so dass der Aluminium-Sulfat-Gehalt der wässrigen Lösung bei 240 g/l lag. Der native pH-Wert der erhaltenen Lösung betrug 2,1.For this purpose, 240 g of aluminum sulfate (Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ) was dissolved in 1 l of distilled water, so that the aluminum sulfate content of the aqueous solution was 240 g / l. The native pH of the solution obtained was 2.1.
Die wässrige Lösung ist auch in diesem Fall bei Raumtemperatur mittels des oben bereits beschriebenen Coaters auf das zuvor alkalisch gereinigte Stahlflachprodukt aufgebracht worden. Die Applikationsparameter sind ebenfalls in Tabelle 1 angegeben. Dabei bezeichnet die Angabe "Einstellung Tauch- und Auftragswalze" das Maß, um das der zwischen der Tauch- und Auftragswalze vorhandene Abquetschspalt kleiner ist als die Dicke des verarbeiteten Stahlflachprodukts. Mit "PMT" ist gleichzeitig die so genannte "Peak Metal Temperatur" bezeichnet.In this case too, the aqueous solution was applied to the previously alkaline-cleaned flat steel product at room temperature by means of the coater already described above. The application parameters are also shown in Table 1. The specification "Setting the dipping and application roller" denotes the amount by which the between the dipping and application roller existing nip is smaller than the thickness of the processed steel flat product. "PMT" also means the so-called "peak metal temperature".
Proben des so erhaltenen, mit der Aluminium-Sulfat-Schicht belegten Stahlflachprodukts sind wiederum einem Streifenziehtest unterzogen worden. Das Ergebnis dieses Tests ist in
Die tribologisch wirksamen Schichten, die aus den erfindungsgemäß zur Verwendung vorgeschlagenen Sulfaten bestehen, erreichen somit denselben Effekt wie die konventionellen beispielsweise aus ZnSO4bestehenden Beschichtungen.
Claims (13)
- Use of an aqueous solution consisting of two components, of which one component is water as a solvent and the other component is a sulphate selected from the group "aluminium sulphate, ammonium sulphate, iron sulphate, magnesium sulphate", as a coating agent for improving the tribological behaviour of a flat steel product during forming in a forming machine.
- Use according to Claim 1, characterised in that the sulphate is selected from the group "aluminium(III) sulphate, ammonium sulphate, iron(II) sulphate, iron(III) sulphate, magnesium sulphate".
- Use according to one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that the layer created by the coating agent is soluble in water. - Method for producing a steel component by forming a flat steel product in a forming machine, comprising the following operational steps:- Providing the flat steel product,- Generating a tribologically active layer on at least one of the surfaces of the flat steel product or the forming machine used for forming which are in contact during the forming process by coating with a coating agent that is applied as an aqueous solution consisting of two components, of which one component is water as solvent and the other component is a sulphate from the group "aluminium sulphate, ammonium sulphate, iron sulphate, magnesium sulphate";- Inserting the flat steel product into the forming tool;- Forming the flat steel product inserted into the forming machine into the component.
- Method according to Claim 4,
characterised in that the sulphate is selected from the group "aluminium(III) sulphate, ammonium sulphate, iron(II) sulphate, iron(III) sulphate, magnesium sulphate". - Method according to one of claims 4 or 5,
characterised in that the cold forming process is implemented for forming. - Method according to one of claims 4 to 6,
characterised in that the tribologically active layer is generated on the flat steel product. - Method according to one of claims 4 to 7,
characterised in that the solvent used is distilled water. - Method according to one of claims 4 to 8,
characterised in that the content of the tribologically active component in the aqueous solution is 0.2-1 mol/l (based on the SO4 2- ion concentration). - Method according to one of claims 4 to 9,
characterised in that the layer formed from the respective coating agent on the flat steel product or the surface of the forming tool to be coated is applied with an application weight of 5-50 mg/m2. - Method according to one of claims 4 to 10,
characterised in that the maximum coefficient of friction of the flat steel product after coating with the tribologically active layer is 0.15, whereby the coefficient of friction is determined according to the method disclosed in the description. - Method according to one of claims 4 to 11,
characterised in that the flat steel product is coated with an anti-corrosion coating and that the tribologically active layer is applied on the anti-corrosion coating. - Method according to one of claims 4 to 12,
characterised in that the tribologically active layer is applied at room temperature.
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14184415.9A EP2995674B1 (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2014-09-11 | Use of a sulfate and a process for the production of a steel component by forming in a machine |
| KR1020177009712A KR102472493B1 (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2015-08-19 | Use of a sulphate, and method for producing a steel component by forming in a forming machine |
| CN201580049081.7A CN106687571B (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2015-08-19 | The purposes of sulfate and the method that steel member is manufactured by the molding in molding machine |
| CA2958500A CA2958500C (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2015-08-19 | Use of a sulphate, and method for producing a steel component by forming in a forming machine |
| US15/509,524 US10072229B2 (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2015-08-19 | Use of a sulphate, and method for producing a steel component by forming in a forming machine |
| JP2017513483A JP6694876B2 (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2015-08-19 | Use of sulphate and method for producing steel parts by molding in a molding machine |
| PCT/EP2015/069018 WO2016037814A1 (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2015-08-19 | Use of a sulphate, and method for producing a steel component by forming in a forming machine |
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| EP14184415.9A EP2995674B1 (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2014-09-11 | Use of a sulfate and a process for the production of a steel component by forming in a machine |
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| EP3405600B1 (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2019-10-16 | ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG | Method for producing a steel product with a zn coating and a tribologically active layer deposited on the coating, and a steel product produced according to said method |
| DE102016218957A1 (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-05 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Temporary corrosion protection layer |
| DE102017208727A1 (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2018-11-29 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Improvement of cold forming suitability of aluminum based coating by alloying of alkaline earth metals |
| WO2019073273A1 (en) | 2017-10-12 | 2019-04-18 | Arcelormittal | Metal sheet treatment method and metal sheet treated with this method |
| WO2019073274A1 (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2019-04-18 | Arcelormittal | Metal sheet treatment method and metal sheet treated with this method |
| DE102018209737A1 (en) * | 2018-06-18 | 2019-12-19 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Interface for hot forming |
| EP3620502A1 (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2020-03-11 | Carl Bechem Gmbh | Composition for preparing a lubricating composition |
| WO2021074672A1 (en) | 2019-10-16 | 2021-04-22 | Arcelormittal | Metal sheet treatment method and metal sheet treated with this method |
| DE102019128238A1 (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2021-04-22 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Method for producing a flat steel product and method for producing a component therefrom |
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| GB166949A (en) * | 1920-04-21 | 1921-07-21 | Rustproofing Syndicate Ltd | New or improved process for the prevention of black oxide of iron on ferrous metal forgings and the like |
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| SU1204283A1 (en) * | 1983-11-05 | 1986-01-15 | Предприятие П/Я М-5481 | Composition for applying on steel sheet surface before hot rolling |
| US6194357B1 (en) * | 1996-06-21 | 2001-02-27 | Henkel Corporation | Waterborne lubricant for the cold plastic working of metals |
| US6528182B1 (en) | 1998-09-15 | 2003-03-04 | Sollac | Zinc coated steel plates coated with a pre-lubricating hydroxysulphate layer and methods for obtaining same |
| DE10007625A1 (en) | 2000-02-18 | 2001-08-23 | Henkel Kgaa | Lubricant for metal forming |
| DE10115696A1 (en) | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-10 | Henkel Kgaa | Lubricant mixture and its use |
| US7037384B2 (en) * | 2003-06-23 | 2006-05-02 | Bulk Chemicals, Inc. | Lubricating chemical coating for metalworking |
| FR2864552B1 (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2006-07-21 | Usinor | SURFACE TREATMENT WITH HYDROXYSULFATE |
| DE102006039307B3 (en) * | 2006-08-22 | 2008-02-21 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Ag | Process for coating a 6-30 wt.% Mn-containing hot or cold rolled steel strip with a metallic protective layer |
| DE102008016348B4 (en) | 2008-03-29 | 2010-07-29 | Stefan Graichen | High temperature lubricants and their use in a process for hot working metals |
| EP2802682B1 (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2020-09-23 | ArcelorMittal | Use of a solution containing sulphate ions for reducing the blackening or tarnishing of a metal sheet during the storage thereof and metal sheet treated with such a solution |
-
2014
- 2014-09-11 EP EP14184415.9A patent/EP2995674B1/en active Active
-
2015
- 2015-08-19 JP JP2017513483A patent/JP6694876B2/en active Active
- 2015-08-19 US US15/509,524 patent/US10072229B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-08-19 CA CA2958500A patent/CA2958500C/en active Active
- 2015-08-19 CN CN201580049081.7A patent/CN106687571B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-08-19 WO PCT/EP2015/069018 patent/WO2016037814A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-08-19 KR KR1020177009712A patent/KR102472493B1/en active IP Right Grant
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2958500C (en) | 2019-01-15 |
| JP6694876B2 (en) | 2020-05-20 |
| CN106687571A (en) | 2017-05-17 |
| KR20170052670A (en) | 2017-05-12 |
| US10072229B2 (en) | 2018-09-11 |
| KR102472493B1 (en) | 2022-12-01 |
| EP2995674A1 (en) | 2016-03-16 |
| CA2958500A1 (en) | 2016-03-17 |
| CN106687571B (en) | 2019-09-13 |
| US20170260471A1 (en) | 2017-09-14 |
| WO2016037814A1 (en) | 2016-03-17 |
| JP2017534700A (en) | 2017-11-24 |
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