EP2831163A1 - Polycarbonatzusammensetzung mit verbesserten optischen eigenschaften - Google Patents
Polycarbonatzusammensetzung mit verbesserten optischen eigenschaftenInfo
- Publication number
- EP2831163A1 EP2831163A1 EP13711706.5A EP13711706A EP2831163A1 EP 2831163 A1 EP2831163 A1 EP 2831163A1 EP 13711706 A EP13711706 A EP 13711706A EP 2831163 A1 EP2831163 A1 EP 2831163A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- polycarbonate
- weight
- bis
- composition according
- hydroxyphenyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/50—Phosphorus bound to carbon only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
- C08K3/013—Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/005—Stabilisers against oxidation, heat, light, ozone
Definitions
- the invention relates to a polycarbonate and copolycarbonate composition ((co) polycarbonates) having improved optical properties of the molded articles produced therefrom.
- polycarbonate composition includes both homopolycarbonates and copolycarbonates.
- the invention relates to polycarbonate compositions comprising one or more ionic liquids, wherein the polycarbonate is prepared from bisphenols and organic carbonates by the transesterification process in the melt, hereinafter referred to as "melt polycarbonate" or from bisphenols with phosgene by the interfacial process, preferably in a continuous interfacial process. and produced by compounding.
- melt polycarbonate or from bisphenols with phosgene by the interfacial process, preferably in a continuous interfacial process. and produced by compounding.
- Polycarbonate stands out in addition to its good mechanical properties u.a. through a high transparency and color brilliance.
- One way of assessing the color brilliance is the so-called yellowness index (YI), which indicates the degree of yellowing of the material.
- YI yellowness index
- Applications of bisphenol A (BPA) based polycarbonate extend over a wide temperature range of from -100 ° C to about + 135 ° C.
- a low YI value is of great importance both in production and in later use.
- polycarbonate For color-critical applications of polycarbonate, it is therefore desirable to produce polycarbonate molded articles with low YI initial values and to achieve the lowest possible after-yellowing during later use under conditions of thermal aging. Afterglow occur z.
- headlamp lenses made of polycarbonate which are exposed depending on the size and shape permanent temperature loads of about 100 ° C.
- a material is required whose optical properties are largely unchanged at a high level and drop as little as possible over the operating time.
- Polycarbonate can be produced through various processes. First of all, the polycarbonate (LPC) prepared in solution via the interfacial process from bisphenols and phosgene became of great technical importance. In today's increasingly important transesterification process, bisphenols are reacted with organic carbonates in the melt to form so-called melt polycarbonate (SPC).
- LPC polycarbonate
- SPC melt polycarbonate
- (Co) polycarbonates are also prepared by compounding.
- additives are usually incorporated into corresponding polymer melts on a multi-screw extruder. This method is suitable in addition to the production of opaque, translucent and transparent compositions.
- ionic liquids are called molten salts, which may be liquid at room temperature. Due to their special properties they are used in different areas.
- DE 10 2008 049 787A1 relates to a process for the preparation of diphenyl carbonate using a catalyst composition comprising ionic liquids.
- US2010 / 0048829 A1 relates to liquid compositions containing at least one polymer and a nitrogen-based ionic liquid (polycyclic amidine bases) for improved solubilization.
- ionic liquids for applications in pressure-sensitive adhesives (US2005 / 266238 AI), in display applications (US2007 / 040982A1) or as auxiliary transport means in industrial distillations for the separation of azeotropic or dense mixtures (WO 2005/016483 AI described.
- No. 6,372,829 Bl describes compositions of at least one non-polymeric nitrogen onium salt which contains an organofluorine anion.
- the use of phosphorus-containing onium salts is not described.
- suitable polycarbonate molding compositions which have a low intrinsic color (low YI value) after processing into moldings. This is especially in optical applications such.
- the invention therefore relates to a polycarbonate composition containing a polycarbonate (component A), an ionic liquid (component B) and at least one further additive from the group of thermal and light stabilizers (component C).
- Component A is a polycarbonate or a copolycarbonate.
- Polycarbonates in the context of the present invention are both homopolycarbonates and copolycarbonates;
- the polycarbonates may be linear or branched in a known manner.
- Preferred methods of preparation of the polycarbonates to be used according to the invention, including the polyestercarbonates, are the known interfacial process and the known melt transesterification process.
- the carbonic acid derivative used is preferably phosgene, in the latter case preferably diphenyl carbonate.
- Catalysts, solvents, workup, reaction conditions, etc. for the production of polycarbonates are adequately described and known in both cases.
- a part, up to 80 mol%, preferably from 20 mol% up to 50 mol% of the carbonate groups in the polycarbonates suitable according to the invention may be replaced by aromatic dicarboxylic acid ester groups.
- Such polycarbonates, which contain both acid residues of carbonic acid and acid residues of aromatic dicarboxylic acids incorporated in the molecular chain are, specifically, aromatic polyester. They are to be subsumed for simplicity in the present application under the generic term of the thermoplastic, aromatic polycarbonates.
- the process according to the invention is used in particular in the production of polycarbonates.
- the present invention therefore also provides a process for the production of polycarbonates, characterized in that at least one step of the production process comprises an extrusion process according to the invention.
- the preparation of polycarbonates using the method according to the invention is carried out in a known manner from diphenols, carbonic acid derivatives, optionally chain terminators and optionally branching, wherein for the preparation of the polyester carbonates, a part of the carbonic acid derivatives is replaced by aromatic dicarboxylic acids or derivatives of dicarboxylic acids, depending on the extent to be replaced in the aromatic polycarbonates Carbonat Designismeen by aromatic Dicarbonklareester Modellaughen.
- thermoplastic polycarbonates which are preferably used in the process according to the invention, including the thermoplastic, aromatic polyester carbonates have an average molecular weight M w (determined by measuring the relative viscosity at 25 ° C in CH 2 Cl 2 and a concentration of 0.5 g per 100 ml of CH 2 Cl 2) of from 12,000 to 120,000, preferably from 15,000 to 80,000 and in particular from 15,000 to 60,000.
- Suitable diphenols are, for example, hydroquinone, resorcinol, dihydroxydiphenyl, bis (hydroxyphenyl) alkanes, bis (hydroxyphenyl) -cycloalkanes, bis (hydroxyphenyl) sulfides, bis (hydroxyphenyl) ethers, bis (hydroxyphenyl) ketones , Bis (hydroxyphenyl) sulfones, bis (hydroxyphenyl) sulfoxides, ⁇ , ⁇ '-bis (hydroxyphenyl) diisopropylbenzenes, and their alkylated, nuclear alkylated and nuclear halogenated compounds.
- Preferred diphenols are 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -1-phenyl-propane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -phenyl-ethane, 2,2-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,4-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-methylbutane, 1,3-bis [2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-propyl] benzene (bisphenol M), 2, 2-bis- (3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane, bis (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -methane, 2,2-bis (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) - propane, bis- (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone, 2,4-bis- (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-methylbutane, 1,3-bis- [2- (2- 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)
- diphenols are 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl, 1, 1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) phenyl ethane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (3-dimethyl 4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane (dimethyl-BPA), 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -cyclohexane, 1,1-bis (3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -cyclohexane (dimethyl BPZ). and 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane (bisphenol TMC).
- diaryl carbonates suitable for the reaction with the dihydroxyaryl compounds in melt transesterification are those of the general formula (II)
- R, R 'and R "independently of one another and the same or different represent hydrogen, linear or branched C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, C 7 -C 34 -alkylaryl or C 6 -C 34 -aryl, R can furthermore also denote -COO-R'", where R '"is hydrogen, linear or branched C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, C 7 -C 3 4-alkylaryl or C 6 -C 3 4-aryl.
- Preferred diaryl carbonates are, for example, diphenyl carbonate, di (methylphenyl) carbonates, di (4-ethylphenyl) carbonate, di (4-n-propylphenyl) carbonate, di (4-iso-propylphenyl) carbonate, di- (4-n-butylphenyl) carbonate, di- (4-iso-butylphenyl) carbonate, di (4-tritylphenyl) carbonate, di (methyl salicylate) carbonate, di- (ethyl salicylate) carbonate, di- (n-propyl salicylate) carbonate, di- (isopropyl salicylate) carbonate, and di (n-butyl salicylate) carbonate.
- diaryl compounds are diphenyl carbonate, di (4-tert-butylphenyl) carbonate, di ( biphenyl-4-yl) carbonate, di- [4- (1-methyl-1-phenylethyl) phenyl] carbonate and di (methyl salicylate) carbonate.
- DPC diphenyl carbonate
- the diaryl carbonates can also be used with residual contents of the monohydroxyaryl compounds from which they were prepared.
- the residual contents of the monohydroxyaryl compounds may be up to 20% by weight, preferably up to 10% by weight, more preferably up to 5% by weight and very particularly preferably up to 2% by weight.
- the dihydroxyaryl compound (s) Based on the dihydroxyaryl compound (s), generally 1.02 to 1.30 moles of the diaryl carbonate (s), preferably 1.04 to 1.25 moles, more preferably 1.045 to 1.22 moles, very particularly preferably 1, 05 to 1.20 moles per mole Dihydroxyarylverbmdung used. It is also possible to use mixtures of the abovementioned diaryl carbonates, the molar data given above per mole of dihydroxyaryl compound then being based on the total amount of the mixture of diaryl carbonates.
- branching or branching mixtures are added to the synthesis.
- branching agents are added before the chain terminators.
- trisphenols, quarterphenols or acid chlorides of tri- or tetracarboxylic acids or mixtures of the polyphenols or the acid chlorides are used.
- branching compounds having three or more than three phenolic hydroxyl groups are, for example, phloroglucinol, 4,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -hepten-2, 4,6-dimethyl-2, 4,6-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -heptane, 1, 3,5-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -benzene, 1,1,1-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -ethane, tri- (4 -hydroxyphenyl) phenylmethane, 2,2-bis (4,4-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexyl] propane, 2,4-bis (4-hydroxyphenylisopropyl) phenol, tetra (4 hydroxyphenyl) methane.
- trifunctional compounds are 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, trimesic acid, cyanuric chloride and 3,3-bis (3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-oxo-2,3-dihydroindole.
- Preferred branching agents are 3,3-bis (3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-oxo-2,3-dihydroindole and 1,1,1-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -ethane.
- Catalysts which can be used in the melt transesterification process for preparing polycarbonates are the basic catalysts known in the literature and solid at room temperature (25 ° C.), for example alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydroxides and oxides and / or onium salts, for example ammonium or phosphonium salts.
- Onium salts, more preferably phosphonium salts, are preferably used in the synthesis.
- Such phosphonium salts are, for example, those of the general formula (IV)
- R 7-10 represent identical or different optionally substituted Ci-Cio-alkyl, C6-Ci4-aryl, C7- Cis-arylalkyl or Cs-Ce-cycloalkyl, preferably methyl or C6-C 4 aryl, particularly preferably Methyl or phenyl and
- R 11 is an optionally substituted C6-Ci4-aryl, C7-C15-arylalkyl or Cs-Cö-Cycloalkyhest, Ci-C2o-alkyl, preferably phenyl.
- Ci-C4-alkyl is in the context of the invention, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, Ci-Cö-alkyl beyond, for example, n-pentyl , 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, neo-pentyl, 1-ethylpropyl, cyclohexyl, cyclopentyl, n-hexyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 1, 2-dimethylpropyl, 1, 2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methylpentyl , 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1, 1-dimethylbutyl, 1, 2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-di
- alkyl radicals in the corresponding hydroxyalkyl or aralkyl or alkylaryl radicals are, for example, the alkylene radicals corresponding to the preceding alkyl radicals.
- Aryl represents a carbocyclic aromatic radical having 6 to 34 skeleton carbon atoms. The same applies to the aromatic part of an arylalkyl radical, also called aralkyl radical, and also to aryl constituents of more complex groups, such as, for example, arylcarbonyl radicals.
- C6-C3-aryl examples include phenyl, o-, p-, m-tolyl, naphthyl, phenanthrenyl, anthracenyl or fluorenyl.
- Arylalkyl or aralkyl in each case independently denotes a straight-chain, cyclic, branched or unbranched alkyl radical as defined above, which may be monosubstituted, polysubstituted or completely substituted by aryl radicals as defined above.
- catalysts are tetraphenylphosphonium chloride, tetraphenylphosphonium hydroxide and tetraphenylphosphonium phenolate, very particular preference is given to tetraphenylphosphonium phenolate.
- the catalysts are preferably used in amounts of 10 "8 to 10 " 3 mol, particularly preferably in amounts of 10 "7 to 10 " 4 mol, based on one mol Dihydroxyarylharm.
- cocatalysts may also be used to increase the rate of polycondensation.
- alkaline salts of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals such as hydroxides, optionally substituted C 1 -C 10 -alkoxides and C 6 -C 14 -aryloxy oxides of lithium, sodium and potassium, preferably hydroxides, optionally substituted C 1 -C 10 -alkoxides or C 6 -C 4 -oxynes.
- alkaline salts of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals such as hydroxides, optionally substituted C 1 -C 10 -alkoxides and C 6 -C 14 -aryloxy oxides of lithium, sodium and potassium, preferably hydroxides, optionally substituted C 1 -C 10 -alkoxides or C 6 -C 4 -oxynes.
- Be aryloxyde of sodium Preference is given to sodium hydroxide, sodium phenolate or the disodium salt of 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane.
- alkali or alkaline earth metal ions are added in the form of their salts, the amount of alkali or alkaline earth ions, determined e.g. by atomic absorption spectroscopy, 1 to 500 ppb, preferably 5 to 300 ppb, and most preferably 5 to 200 ppb, based on the polycarbonate to be formed. In preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention, however, no alkali metal salts are used.
- the polycarbonate synthesis by the interfacial process can be carried out continuously or batchwise.
- the reaction can therefore be carried out in stirred tanks, tubular reactors, pumped-circulation reactors or stirred tank cascades or combinations thereof. It is to be ensured by using the above-mentioned mixing elements that aqueous and organic phase possible segregate only when the synthesis mixture has reacted, ie no saponifiable chlorine of phosgene or chloroformates more contains.
- the organic phase may consist of a solvent or mixtures of several solvents.
- Suitable solvents are chlorinated hydrocarbons (aliphatic and / or aromatic), preferably dichloromethane, trichlorethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethane and chlorobenzene and mixtures thereof.
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, m / p / o-xylene, or aromatic ethers, such as anisole alone, may also be used in admixture with or in addition to chlorinated hydrocarbons.
- Another embodiment of the synthesis uses solvents which do not dissolve polycarbonate but only swell.
- solvents which are soluble in the aqueous phase such as tetrahydrofuran, 1,3 / 1,4-dioxane or 1,3-dioxolane, can also be used as solvents if the solvent partner forms the second organic phase.
- the monochromatic chain terminators needed to control the molecular weight such as phenol or alkylphenols, in particular phenol, p-tert. Butylphenol, iso-octylphenol, cumylphenol, their chlorocarbonic acid esters or acid chlorides of monocarboxylic acids or mixtures of these chain terminators are fed either with the bisphenolate or the bisphenolates of the reaction or added at any time during the synthesis, as long as phosgene or Chlorkohlenquipment phenomenon in the reaction mixture are present or, in the case of acid chlorides and chloroformate as a chain terminator, as long as enough phenolic end groups of the forming polymer are available.
- phenol or alkylphenols in particular phenol, p-tert.
- Butylphenol, iso-octylphenol, cumylphenol, their chlorocarbonic acid esters or acid chlorides of monocarboxylic acids or mixtures of these chain terminators are fed either with the bisphenolate or the bisphenolates
- the chain terminator (s) are added after phosgenation at one site or at a time when phosgene is no longer present but the catalyst has not yet been metered. Alternatively, they may also be added upstream of the catalyst, together with the catalyst or in parallel.
- the catalysts preferably used in the phase boundary synthesis of polycarbonate are tertiary amines, especially triethylamine, tributylamine, trioctylamine, N-ethylpiperidine, N-methylpiperidine, Ni / n-propylpiperidine, quaternary ammonium salts such as tetrabutylammonium, tributylbenzylammonium, tetraethylammonium hydroxide, chloride, bromide, hydrogen sulfate, - tetrafluoroborate, as well as the ammonium compounds corresponding phosphonium compounds.
- tertiary amines especially triethylamine, tributylamine, trioctylamine, N-ethylpiperidine, N-methylpiperidine, Ni / n-propylpiperidine, quaternary ammonium salts such as tetrabutylammonium, tribu
- the catalysts may be added singly, in admixture or else side by side and sequentially to the synthesis, if appropriate also prior to phosgenation, but preferred are doses after phosgene introduction, unless an onium compound or a mixture of onium compounds are used as catalysts. In this case, addition before the phosgene dosage is preferred.
- the dosage of the catalyst or catalysts may be in substance, in an inert solvent, preferably the solvent of the polycarbonate synthesis or as an aqueous solution, in the case of tert. Amines then as their ammonium salts with acids, preferably mineral acids, in particular hydrochloric acid, take place.
- the total amount of catalysts used is from 0.001 to 10 mol% based on moles of bisphenols, preferably 0.01 to 8 mol%, particularly preferably 0.05 to 5 mol%.
- separating the salt which is e.g. the Chloralkalielektrolyse can be supplied while the aqueous phase is optionally fed back to the synthesis.
- the organic, the polycarbonate-containing phase can now be cleaned of all contaminants alkaline, ionic or catalytic type.
- the organic phase contains even after one or more settling still shares the aqueous alkaline phase in fine droplets and the catalyst, usually a tert. Amine.
- the settling operations can be assisted by passing the settling vessel, stirred tank, coalescer or separators or combinations thereof through the organic phase, it being possible for water to be metered in each or some separation steps under certain circumstances using active or passive mixing devices.
- aqueous phase After this coarse separation of the alkaline, aqueous phase, the organic phase is washed one or more times with dilute acids, mineral, carbon hydroxycarboxylic and / or sulfonic acids. Preference is given to aqueous mineral acids, in particular hydrochloric acid, phosphorous acid and Phosphoric acid or mixtures of these acids.
- concentration of these acids should be in the range of 0.001 to 50% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 5% by weight.
- the organic phase is repeatedly washed with desalted or distilled water.
- acids preferably dissolved in the solvent, which is the basis of the polymer solution, may be added between these washing steps or else after the washing.
- Hydrogen chloride gas and phosphoric acid or phosphorous acid are preferably used here, which can optionally also be used as mixtures.
- the polycarbonate used in the present invention may have an average molecular weight average molecular weight of 5,000 to 80,000, preferably 10,000 to 60,000, and most preferably 15,000 to 40,000, as determined by gel permeation chromatography.
- Component B is a phosphorus-based ionic liquid melted at room temperature (25 ° C).
- Ionic liquids used according to the invention are preferably compounds of the general formula (I) which are present in a concentration of 0.05 to 8 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.15 to 4% by weight.
- Parts, particularly preferably 0.2 to 3 parts by weight and very particularly preferably 0.25 to 2.5 parts by weight (based on the sum of the parts by weight of components A and B) are contained in (co) polycarbonate,
- Ionic liquids consist exclusively of ion pairs. These are thus liquid salts, without the salt being dissolved in a solvent such as water.
- Preferred ionic liquids are salts which are liquid at temperatures below 100 ° C., more preferably below 70 ° C., in particular below 50 ° C., very preferably below 30 ° C. and in particular below 28 ° C., very particularly preferably below 20 ° C. ,
- X- represents a monovalent or multivalent anion, preferably mono-, di-, tri or tetravalent, for example for halides, carboxylates, phosphates, bis (perfluoroalkylsulfonyl) amides or -imides, for example bis (trifluoromethylylsulfonyl) imide, alkyl and aryl tosylates, Perfluoroalkyl tosylates, nitrate, sulfate, hydrogensulfate, alkyl and aryl sulfates, polyether sulfates and sulfonates, perfluoroalkyl sulfates, sulfonate, alkyl and aryl sulfonates, perfluorinated alkyl and aryl sulfonates, alkyl and aryl carboxylates, perfluoroalkyl carboxylates, perchlorate, tetrarchloro
- dicyanamide, thiocyanate, isothiocyanate, tetraphenylborate, tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, polyether phosphates and phosphate are preferred anions.
- X- is an anion selected from F, Cl, Br, I, PF 6 -, CF 3 SO 3 -, (CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 N -, CF 3 CO 2 -, CCI 3 CO 2 , CN, SCN, OCN; SO 4 2- , HSO 4 -, SO 3 2- , HSO 3 -, R a OSO 3 -, R a SO 3 -; PO 4 3- , HPO 4 2- , H 2 PO 4 -, R a PO 4 2- , HR a PO 4 -, R a R b P0 4 -, R a HP0 3 -, R a R b PO 2 - , R a R b PO 3 -, PO 3 3- , HPO 3 2- , H 2 PO 3 -, R a PO 3 2- , R a HPO 3 2- , R a HPO 3 2- , R a HPO 3 2- , R a HPO 3 2- , R a HPO 3 2-
- Alkyl is a straight-chain, cyclic, branched or unbranched alkyl radical, where the radicals mentioned may optionally be further substituted.
- C 1 -C 6 -alkyl is, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, neo-pentyl, 1-ethylpropyl, cyclohexyl, cyclopentyl, n-hexyl, 1, 1-dimethylpropyl, 1, 2-dimethylpropyl, 1, 2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1, 1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-d
- Aryl is each independently an aromatic radical having 4 to 24 skeletal carbon atoms in which none, one, two or three skeletal carbon atoms per cycle, throughout the molecule, but at least one skeleton carbon atom, are substituted by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen can, but preferably for a carbocyclic aromatic radical having 6 to 24 skeletal carbon atoms.
- C 6 -C 2 -Ar 1 examples are phenyl, o-, p-, m-tolyl, naphthyl, phenanthrenyl, anthracenyl or fluorenyl, examples of heteroaromatic C 2 -C 2 -aryl in which there are none, one, two or three skeletal carbon atoms per cycle at least one skeleton carbon atom in the entire molecule may be substituted by heteroatoms selected from the group of nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen, for example pyridyl, pyridyl-N-oxide, pyrimidyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, Imidazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl or isoxazolyl, indolizinyl, indolyl, benzo [b] thienyl, benzo [b] furyl, indazoly
- phosphonium based ionic liquids are ethyltributylphosphonium diethyl phosphate, tetrabutylphosphonium bromide, tetrabutylphosphonium chloride, Tetraoctyl- phosphonium Tributylmethylphosphoniummethylsulfat, Tributyltetradecylphosphonium- chloride, Tributyltetradecylphosphoniumdodecylbenzenesulfonat, trihexyltetradecylphosphonium phosphinate bis (2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphonium Trihexyltetradecylphosphoniumbromide Trihexyltetradecyl-, Trihexyltetradecylphosphoniumdecanoat, dicyanamide trihexyltetradecylphosphonium and IL-AP3 ® Fa. Koei Chemical Company Ltd. Particularly preferred IL
- a mixture of a plurality of ionic liquids may also be used, or else an ionic liquid alone.
- Component C
- Component C comprises phosphorus-based heat stabilizers and light stabilizers based on various basic chemical structures capable of absorbing electromagnetic radiation.
- Tris (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite (Irgafos 168), tetrakis (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) [1,1-biphenyl] -4,4 "-diylbisphosphonite are preferably suitable as thermal stabilizers , Triisoctyl phosphate (TOF), octadecyl-3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate (Irganox 1076), bis (2,4-dicumylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite (Doverphos S-9228), bis (2 , 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite (ADK STAB PEP-36) or triphenylphosphine (TPP) They are used alone or in admix
- the heat stabilizers are used in amounts of 10 ppm to 2000 ppm based on the molding composition, preferably in amounts of 50 ppm to 1500 ppm, more preferably in amounts of 80 ppm to 1000 ppm and most preferably in amounts of 100 ppm to 800 ppm based on the total composition.
- Suitable light stabilizers are 2- (2'-hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazoles, 2-hydroxybenzophenones, esters of substituted and unsubstituted benzoic acids, acrylates, sterically hindered amines, oxamides and 2- (hydroxyphenyl) -1,3 , 5-triazines or substituted hydroxyalkoxyphenyl, 1,3,5-triazoles, are preferably substituted benzotriazoles such as 2- (2'-hydroxy-5'-methyl-phenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy 3 ', 5'-di-t-butyl-phenyl) -benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-3'-tert-butyl-5'-methylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2- (2 '-hydroxy-3', 5'-tert-butyl-phenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-3', 5'-tert-but
- Suitable UV stabilizers are furthermore suitably selected from the group consisting of benzotriazoles (for example Tinuvine from BASF), Tinuvin 1600 from BASF, benzophenones (Uvinule from BASF), cyanoacrylates (Uvinule from BASF), Cinnamic acid esters and oxalanilides and mixtures of these UV stabilizers comprises.
- benzotriazoles for example Tinuvine from BASF
- Tinuvin 1600 from BASF Tinuvin 1600 from BASF
- benzophenones Uvinule from BASF
- cyanoacrylates Uvinule from BASF
- Cinnamic acid esters and oxalanilides and mixtures of these UV stabilizers comprises.
- the UV stabilizers are used in amounts of from 0.01% by weight to 2.0% by weight, based on the molding composition, preferably in amounts of from 0.05% by weight to 1.00% by weight, especially preferably in amounts of 0.08 wt .-% to 0.5 wt .-% and most preferably in amounts of 0.1 wt .-% to 0.4 wt .-% based on the total composition.
- the present invention furthermore relates to compositions comprising the above-mentioned polycarbonate with ionic liquid or a mixture thereof, and a heat stabilizer and optionally a light stabilizer and optionally at least one additive selected from the group of customary for these thermoplastics additives such as fillers, antistats and pigments , Colorants in the usual amounts; if necessary, the demolding behavior, the flow behavior, and / or the flame retardancy can be improved by the addition of external mold release agents, flow agents, and / or flame retardants such as sulfonic acid salts, PTFE polymers or PTFE copolymers or blends, brominated oligocarbonates, or oligophosphates and phosphazenes (for example, alkyl and aryl phosphites, phosphates, phosphanes, low molecular weight carboxylic acid esters, halogen compounds, salts, chalk, quartz powder, glass and carbon fibers, pigments and combinations thereof Such compounds are described,
- the composition generally contains from 0 wt% to 25 wt%, preferably from 0 wt% to 15 wt%, more preferably from 0 wt% to 5 wt%, most preferably 0.04 Wt .-% to 1.0 wt .-%, particularly particularly preferably 0.04 wt .-% to 0.8 wt .-% (based on the total composition) of additives.
- the mold release agents optionally added to the compositions according to the invention are preferably selected from the group comprising pentaerythritol tetrastearate, glycerol monostearate, long-chain fatty acid esters, such as stearyl stearate and propanediol stearate, and mixtures thereof.
- the mold release agents are used in amounts of 0.05 wt .-% to 2.00 wt .-% based on the molding composition, preferably in amounts of 0.1 wt .-% to 1.0 wt .-%, particularly preferably in Amounts of 0.15 wt .-% to 0.60 wt .-% and most preferably in amounts of 0.2 wt .-% to 0.5 wt .-% based on the molding composition.
- Suitable additives are described, for example, in “Additives for Plastics Handbook, John Murphy, Elsevier, Oxford 1999", in the “Plastics Additives Handbook, Hans Zweifel, Hanser, Kunststoff 2001”. Suitable antioxidants are, for example:
- Polypropylene glycols alone or in combination with z can be used against damage by gamma rays.
- stabilizers may be used singly or in combinations and added to the polymer in the above-mentioned forms.
- Suitable flame retardant additives are phosphate esters, i. H. Triphenyl phosphate, resorcinol diphosphoric acid esters, bromine-containing compounds such as brominated phosphoric acid esters, brominated oligocarbonates and polycarbonates, and preferably salts of fluorinated organic sulfonic acids.
- Suitable impact modifiers are butadiene rubber grafted with styrene-acrylonitrile or methyl methacrylate, ethylene-propylene rubbers grafted with maleic anhydride, ethyl and Butylacrylatkautschuke with grafted methyl methacrylate or styrene-acrylonitrile, interpenetrating siloxane and acrylate networks with grafted methyl methacrylate or styrene-acrylonitrile.
- colorants such as organic dyes or pigments or inorganic pigments, carbon black, IR absorbers, individually, in admixture or in combination with stabilizers, glass fibers, glass (hollow) balls, inorganic fillers such as titanium dioxide or barium sulfate may be added.
- the composition contains no conductive salts.
- Conductive salts are, for example, alkali metal salts with the anions bis (perfluoroalkylsulfonyl) amide or imide such as bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide, alkyl and aryl tosylates, perfluoroalkyl tosylates, nitrate, sulfate, hydrogensulfate, alkyl and aryl sulfates, polyether sulfates and sulfonates, perfluoroalkyl sulfates, Sulfonate, alkyl and aryl sulfonates, perfluorinated alkyl and aryl sulfonates, alkyl and aryl carboxylates, perfluoroalkyl carboxylates, perchlorate, tetrachloroaluminate, saccharinate, thiocyanate, isothiocyanate,
- compositions of the invention can be prepared, for example, by mixing the respective components in a known manner and melt-compounded at temperatures of 200 ° C to 400 ° C in conventional units such as internal mixers, extruders and twin-screw and melt extruded.
- the mixing of the individual constituents can take place both successively and simultaneously, both at about 20 ° C. and at a higher temperature.
- the compounds used according to the invention can also be introduced separately into the melt polycarbonate molding compound at different stages of the production process. Thus, e.g.
- the ionic liquid (s) are already introduced during or at the end of the transesterification of bisphenols with organic carbonates, before or during the formation of oligomeric polycarbonates, or before or after the polycondensation of the SPC oligomers in the melt polycarbonate.
- the ionic liquid (s) can be dosed as a finished mixture together with other additives in the SPC at any point. A reversal of the above sequence of metering of the components is possible.
- the addition form of the compounds according to the invention is not limited.
- the compounds according to the invention or mixtures of the compounds according to the invention can be added as a concentrate in polycarbonate powder, in solution or as a melt of the polymer melt.
- the metering of the ionic liquid (s) preferably takes place via a melt metering pump or a side extruder behind the last polycondensation stage.
- a side extruder is particularly preferably operated at a throughput of, for example, 200-1000 kg of polycarbonate per hour.
- the metering of ionic liquid takes place, for example, at room temperature in liquid form together with polycarbonate in the funnel of the polycarbonate task of the side extruder.
- the amount of ionic liquid is metered, for example, by means of a membrane pump or another suitable pump.
- the addition of ionic liquid or mixtures of ionic liquids is preferably carried out in liquid form at a temperature of about 40 to 250 ° C behind the funnel of the polycarbonate task in a zone of the extruder, which is equipped with mixing elements.
- the removal of the ionic liquid or mixtures of ionic liquids from a ring line which is preferably maintained at a pressure of 2-20 bar preferably at a temperature of 40 - 250 ° C.
- the added amount can be controlled via a control valve.
- a static mixer is located behind the side extruder and all additive metering points in order to ensure thorough mixing of all additives.
- the polycarbonate melt of the side extruder is then introduced into the polycarbonate main melt stream.
- the mixing of the main melt stream with the melt stream of the side extruder takes place via a further static mixer.
- the ionic liquids can be metered in the form of a masterbatch (concentrate of the additives in polycarbonate) via the funnel of the polycarbonate feed of the side extruder.
- a masterbatch may contain further additives.
- the ionic liquids and optionally other additives can also be subsequently introduced, for example, by compounding in the polycarbonate.
- the molding compositions of the invention can be used for the production of moldings of any kind. These can be produced for example by injection molding, extrusion and blow molding. Another form of processing is the production of moldings by deep drawing from previously prepared plates or films.
- Examples of the molded articles according to the invention are profiles, films, housing parts of any kind, e.g. for household appliances such as juice presses, coffee machines, blenders; for office machines such as monitors, printers, copiers; for panels, pipes, electrical installation ducts, windows, doors and profiles for the construction sector, interior design and exterior applications; in the field of electrical engineering e.g. for switches and plugs.
- the moldings according to the invention for êtaus- and components of rail vehicles, ships, aircraft, buses and other motor vehicles and for automotive body parts can be used.
- the shaped bodies according to the invention can be transparent, translucent or opaque.
- Further molded articles are in particular optical and magneto-optical data memories such as mini disk, compact disk (CD) or digital versatile disk (DVD), food and beverage packaging, optical lenses and prisms, lenses for lighting purposes, car headlight lenses, glazing for construction and motor vehicles, glazings of others Type as for greenhouses, so-called double-skin sheets or hollow-chamber panels, (helmet) visors, protective masks or vending machines. Examples
- the optical properties of the molding compositions according to the invention are determined by measuring the yellowness index (YI) on standard test specimens according to ASTM E313. These standard test specimens are color sample plates (80x10x3mm) made from the (co) polycarbonate compositions at a melt temperature of 300 ° C and a mold temperature of 90 ° C.
- YI yellowness index
- the melt volume flow rate (MVR) is determined at 300 ° C and 1.2 kg load with a melt index tester according to ISO 1133.
- the IMVR value corresponds to the MVR value, but after a thermal load of 20 min under the specified conditions.
- the compounds according to the invention were prepared on a ZE 25 extruder from Baersdorf, with a throughput of 10 kg / h. produced.
- the melt temperature was 275 ° C.
- the additive was admixed with the polycarbonate powder (PC-B, see below used raw materials) and this mixture is added to the polycarbonate PC-A.
- PC A is a linear, thermoplastic stabilized polycarbonate without additives of Bayer MaterialScience AG, Leverkusen, based on bisphenol A having a melt volume rate MVR of 12.5 cm 3/10 min (measured in accordance with DIN EN ISO 1133 at 1, 2 kg load and 300 ° C)
- PC B is a linear polycarbonate of Bayer MaterialScience AG, Leverkusen without additives based on bisphenol a having an MVR of 6 cm 3/10 min min (measured in accordance with DIN EN ISO 1133 at 1, 2 kg load and 300 ° C) in powder form
- IL-AP3 is an ionic liquid from Koei Chemical Company Ltd, based on a phosphonium salt having a glass transition temperature of -78.5 ° C and a melting point of 18 ° C, and a viscosity of 338 mPa.s at 25 ° C.
- the refractive index is 1,446.
- Notched impact strength according to IDO 7391 is determined in each case on 10 test bars 80x10x3mm. The values correspond to the average of 10 tests, unless otherwise indicated, s: brittle fracture; z: viscous failure
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP13711706.5A EP2831163A1 (de) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-03-25 | Polycarbonatzusammensetzung mit verbesserten optischen eigenschaften |
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EP12162343 | 2012-03-30 | ||
PCT/EP2013/056319 WO2013144102A1 (de) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-03-25 | Polycarbonatzusammensetzung mit verbesserten optischen eigenschaften |
EP13711706.5A EP2831163A1 (de) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-03-25 | Polycarbonatzusammensetzung mit verbesserten optischen eigenschaften |
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EP2831163A1 true EP2831163A1 (de) | 2015-02-04 |
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EP13711706.5A Withdrawn EP2831163A1 (de) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-03-25 | Polycarbonatzusammensetzung mit verbesserten optischen eigenschaften |
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US (1) | US20150299428A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2831163A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN104169351B (de) |
WO (1) | WO2013144102A1 (de) |
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EP3571245B1 (de) * | 2017-01-23 | 2020-09-30 | Covestro Intellectual Property GmbH & Co. KG | Graphit-haltige polycarbonat-zusammensetzungen enthaltend ein neuartiges fliesshilfsmittel |
EP3670595A1 (de) | 2018-12-19 | 2020-06-24 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Thermoplastische zusammensetzungen mit guter thermischer stabilität |
JPWO2021085384A1 (de) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-06 | ||
JPWO2023119645A1 (de) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-06-29 |
Citations (1)
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JP2011057760A (ja) * | 2009-09-07 | 2011-03-24 | Sumitomo Dow Ltd | 帯電防止性ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物 |
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JPH0739537B2 (ja) * | 1987-07-07 | 1995-05-01 | 三菱化学株式会社 | ポリカ−ボネ−ト樹脂組成物 |
JPH10101944A (ja) * | 1996-10-02 | 1998-04-21 | Asahi Denka Kogyo Kk | 合成樹脂組成物 |
US6194497B1 (en) * | 1997-07-23 | 2001-02-27 | General Electric Company | Anti-static resin composition containing fluorinated phosphonium sulfonates |
JPH1180532A (ja) * | 1997-09-09 | 1999-03-26 | Nippon G Ii Plast Kk | ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物およびその成形品 |
JPH11106635A (ja) * | 1997-09-30 | 1999-04-20 | Ge Plastics Japan Ltd | ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物およびその成形品 |
WO2001098402A1 (en) * | 2000-06-22 | 2001-12-27 | General Electric Company | Polycarbonate composition with reduced mold deposits |
DE10122495A1 (de) * | 2001-03-26 | 2002-10-10 | Bayer Ag | Schmelzepolycarbonat mit verbesserter Hydrolysebeständigkeit |
JP2003096291A (ja) * | 2001-09-27 | 2003-04-03 | Teijin Chem Ltd | 帯電防止性ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物 |
WO2007143525A1 (en) * | 2006-06-05 | 2007-12-13 | Polyone Corporation | Phosphonium flow enhancers for blends of polycarbonate and polyester |
DE102006031952A1 (de) * | 2006-07-11 | 2008-01-17 | Goldschmidt Gmbh | Verwendung von ionischen Flüssigkeiten oder Lösungen aus Metallsalzen in ionischen Flüssigkeiten als Antistatika für Kunststoffe |
US20080114103A1 (en) * | 2006-11-13 | 2008-05-15 | General Electric Company | Thermoplastic Polycarbonate Compositions With Improved Static Resistance |
EP2377899A1 (de) * | 2010-04-14 | 2011-10-19 | Styron Europe GmbH | Carbonatmischungszusammensetzung mit verbesserter Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Rissbildung aufgrund von Umweltbelastungen |
CN104109076B (zh) * | 2014-06-30 | 2015-09-02 | 浙江大学 | 一种以季鏻长链阴离子离子液体为介质的乙炔氢氯化制氯乙烯的方法 |
-
2013
- 2013-03-25 US US14/388,454 patent/US20150299428A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-03-25 EP EP13711706.5A patent/EP2831163A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-03-25 WO PCT/EP2013/056319 patent/WO2013144102A1/de active Application Filing
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CN104169351B (zh) | 2017-03-08 |
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