Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
  • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
  • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
  • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
  • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a shutter actuator of a thermal engine air circuit.
• the invention applies in particular when the heat engine is used for the propulsion of a vehicle, for example a motor vehicle. It can be an engine whose fuel is gasoline or diesel.
• thermal engine air circuit designates the circuit between the intake inlet and the exhaust outlet of the engine.
• the flap can be arranged in the intake circuit, the exhaust circuit or a recirculation loop through which the exhaust gases fed back to the inlet (EGR in English) pass.
• the shutter may or may not be part of a valve.
• shutter must be understood in the broad sense, encompassing any gas flow control element in a pipe and any pipe shutter element.
• High temperatures can affect the actual structure of the motor, for example the integrity of the electrical conductors at the stator and / or the rotor which allow the creation of a magnetic field in the air gap when current flows, and can also affect the integrity of elements of the control electronics of the electric motor or the integrity of other elements, for example position sensors of the output shaft of the actuator or the shaft of the flap.
• the invention aims to meet this need and it achieves, in one of its aspects, using a shutter actuator of a thermal engine air circuit, comprising:
• an electric motor comprising a rotor and a stator each provided with a magnetic field source, the stator and the rotor being concentric, and one of the source of magnetic field of the rotor and the magnetic field source of the stator being formed by a winding of electrical conductors while the other of the magnetic field source of the rotor and the stator is formed by at least one permanent magnet, and
• a body of the actuator comprising a housing in which the electric motor is received
• the electric motor being such that, when received in the housing of the body of the actuator, the magnetic field source closest to the body is the winding of electrical conductors.
• the axis of the electric motor and the longitudinal axis of the housing in the body may be merged or parallel.
• a heat source in the actuator namely the winding of electrical conductors, is disposed near the body of the actuator, so as to promote the dissipation of heat in the housing towards the body of the actuator which can be used as a radiator. Due to this proximity, the thermal resistance due to the air between the winding of electrical conductors and the body of the actuator is reduced.
• the actuator above thus makes it possible to provide a high torque while benefiting from reduced bulk and cost and satisfactory dynamic performance.
• this configuration of the electric motor to have a heat source near the body of the actuator can go with an action on the winding of electrical conductors to improve the dissipation of heat generated by the passage current in this winding.
• the magnetic field source of the rotor is formed by the permanent magnet or magnets and the magnetic field source of the stator is formed by the winding of electrical conductors.
• the electric motor is an internal rotor motor with permanent magnets and a wound external stator.
• the carcass of the stator may be in contact with the wall of the body of the actuator defining the housing when the electric motor is received therein. This direct contact further promotes heat dissipation to the outside of the actuator.
• Such a configuration of the motor compared to the choice of a wound internal rotor can reduce the inertia of the rotor since it is provided with small radius magnets instead of electrical conductors larger radius. This gives a better response time from the electric motor when a torque setpoint is applied thereto.
• the electric motor is preferably a DC motor.
• the magnetic field source of the rotor is formed by the winding of electrical conductors and the magnetic field source of the stator is formed by the permanent magnet (s).
• the electric motor is a wound external rotor motor and an internal stator with permanent magnets.
• the actuator may comprise a cooling circuit capable of being traversed by heat transfer fluid, so as to cool the winding of electrical conductors.
• the cooling circuit permits that the heat dissipated when current flows in the electrical conductor winding is rapidly and effectively removed outside the actuator.
• the cooling circuit can be connected to the cooling circuit of the engine, being then traversed by engine coolant.
• the cooling circuit can be received in the wall of the body, thus being close to the electric motor.
• the portion of the wall of the body interposed between the cooling circuit and the housing may be made of a thermally conductive material, in particular aluminum. This promotes the transfer of heat dissipated in the winding of electrical conductors to the cooling circuit through said portion.
• Other portions of the body of the actuator, or all of it, may be made of this thermally conductive material or another thermally conductive material.
• the cooling fluid comes into direct contact with the electric motor, in particular the stator casing.
• the part of the housing in which is arranged the electric motor can then be provided with a sealing system vis-à-vis the outside of said part of the housing.
• the cooling circuit may comprise a plurality of pipes connected to each other and extending each parallel to the axis of the motor.
• the cooling circuit can thus make a number of round trips parallel to the axis of the electric motor, so as to maximize the exchange surface with the electric motor and that the flow of heat transfer fluid in the cooling circuit is turbulent.
• cooling circuit Other geometries of the cooling circuit are possible, for example the use of walls provided with cavities for the cooling circuit. It is also possible to reduce the thickness of portions of the body adjacent to the ducts to reduce the thickness of the body and the bulk of the latter.
• the cooling circuit may or may not extend over all or part of the periphery of the part of the housing in which the electric motor is received.
• the cooling circuit has for example an inlet and an outlet and the circuit can be arranged on all or part of the periphery of the housing between the inlet and the outlet.
• the invention can also make it possible to cool the electric motor while avoiding as much as possible that external heat does not reach the interior of the actuator.
• the actuator may include a torque transmission stage provided by the electric motor. This floor is able to transmit this pair to the shutter. Said stage can be received in the housing of the actuator body and positioned in the extension of the motor, along the axis of the latter.
• the electric motor and the transmission stage can thus succeed each other along the axis of the motor, preferably each being received in a separate part of the housing of the actuator body.
• the transmission stage may comprise one or more gears interposed between the shaft of the electric motor and an output shaft of the actuator.
• the transmission stage may further comprise one or more sensors, for example a sensor configured to determine the angular position of the output shaft of the actuator. This sensor comprises for example a magnetized target interacting with a magnetic detector, for example a Hall effect sensor.
• the cooling circuit may also extend around all or part of the part of the housing in which the transmission stage is received. It is thus also possible to cool the transmission stage and the heat-sensitive components present in this stage, in order to protect them from the heat dissipated in the electric motor and / or from the heat external to the actuator and likely to propagate. inside of it.
• the wall of the actuator body at the level of the transmission stage can be covered by a heat shield.
• the electric motor can provide a torque between 10 and 150 Nmm at 160 ° C for a shaft output between 0.4 and 9 Nm.
• the invention further relates, in another of its aspects, to a shutter actuator of a thermal engine air circuit, comprising:
• an internal rotor DC motor comprising one or more
• an actuator body comprising a housing in which the DC motor is received.
• Another object of the invention is, according to another of its aspects, an assembly comprising:
• the flap may comprise a shaft and the actuator, in particular the transmission stage, may comprise an output shaft adapted to transmit to the shaft of the flap the torque supplied by the electric motor.
• the actuator may comprise an electrical connector carried by a face of the body opposite to the face of the body through which the coupling to the flap is effected.
• This connector can be used to convey to the outside of the body the data acquired by the sensor (s) of the actuator.
• the control electronics of the actuator may be external to the actuator, for example housed in a module placed in a colder environment, and the connector may allow the control and power signals developed by this module to gain the inside the actuator, in particular the electric motor.
• the electrical cables connecting in the actuator the connector to the electric motor and / or the (x) sensors (s) may be arranged wholly or partly along the cooling circuit lines.
• the assembly may comprise a system configured to couple said shafts
• the actuator can move the flap through the mechanical coupling without the heat in the environment of the flap can penetrate via this coupling inside the actuator.
• This result is for example obtained when the output shaft of the actuator and the shaft of the flap are two separate parts mechanically coupled by interlocking.
• the shutter shaft may be provided with a plurality of fins arranged transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to its axis to promote the dissipation into the air of the heat likely to to traverse this shaft of the shutter to be transmitted by conduction of the environment of the shutter towards the actuator.
• a connection of the actuator closer to the shutter shaft can be obtained.
• the invention can make it possible to obtain an actuator whose interior is protected from excessive temperature rises, both with respect to the source (s) of internal heat (s) and the source (s) of external heat (s). This reduces the thermal stresses applied to sensitive elements of the actuator, for example the electrical conductors of the winding of the electric motor, and / or the control electronics and / or the measurement electronics, while improving the performance of the actuator in terms of torque and / or response time.
• the assembly can form a wastegate valve but other valves can be formed.
• the invention can for example be used to produce a variable geometry turbo actuator, a shutter-type shutter actuator "swirl” or “tumble” shutter, or a control valve actuator of a circuit engine water.
• the assembly can be used to make components other than valves.
• the invention will be better understood on reading the following description of non-limiting embodiments of implementation thereof and on examining the appended drawing in which:
• FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic sectional view of an actuator according to a first embodiment of the invention
• FIGS. 2 to 4 show schematically and in section an actuator according to a second embodiment of the invention, FIG. 3 being a bottom view along III of the actuator of FIG. 2, FIG. a view similar to FIG. 2 in which a section in the wall of the body of the actuator at the level of the cooling circuit has been carried out, and
• Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 2 schematically showing a variant of the second embodiment of the invention.
• actuator 1 is a thermal engine air circuit flap actuator.
• Actuator 1 and the shutter form in this case a wastegate valve, but the invention is not limited thereto.
• the actuator 1 comprises a body 2 extending along a longitudinal axis X.
• the body 2 is hollow so that a housing 3 is formed in the latter.
• the body 2 is here made of a thermally conductive material, for example aluminum.
• the body 2 is intended to be fixed to an element of the engine, for example a soleplate attached to its cylinder head, by means of screws.
• the housing 3 may comprise, as shown in the figures, a first part 5 and a second part 6, these parts 5 and 6 succeeding one another along the axis X. Each part may be cylindrical along the axis X and the radius of the first part 5 may be greater than that of the second part 6, the transition between these two parts 5 and 6 then being defined by a return 8.
• An inner wall 9 may separate the first part 5 of the second part 6 of the housing 3.
• a DC motor 10 is received in the first part 5 of the housing.
• This electric motor 10 is here an internal rotor motor.
• the rotor 11 here comprises permanent magnets while the stator 12 comprises a
• the winding of electrical conductors traversed by direct current is wound on the carcass of the stator 12.
• the carcass of the stator comes for example in contact with the wall of the body 2 defining the first portion 5 of the housing 3.
• the electrical conductors are for example copper.
• the electrical conductors of the winding are close to the body 2, so that the heat dissipated in the latter can be discharged to the outside of the actuator 1 through the body 2.
• the rotor 12 is integral in rotation with a shaft 13 interacting with a transmission stage 20 which will now be described.
• the transmission stage 20 is arranged in the second part 6 of the housing 3.
• This transmission stage 20 comprises for example a plurality of pinions 21 belonging to an epicyclic gear train enabling the torque transmitted by the shaft 13 of the electric motor 10 to be transmitted.
• an output shaft 22 of the actuator 1 able to move the flap of the valve.
• the output shaft 22 is for example mounted on a bearing 24 maintaining it on an end face 26 of the body 2 of the actuator 1.
• the output shaft 22 of the actuator 1 is in the example shown coupled to a crankpin 28 adapted to drive a shutter not shown but in a variant, a direct coupling with the shutter shaft is possible.
• the transmission stage 20 also comprises in the example considered a sensor configured to determine the angular position of the output shaft 22.
• the actuator 1 comprises a cooling circuit 30 allowing heat transfer fluid to take up the heat dissipated in the winding of the winding. stator 12 due to the flow of current in the latter, as represented by the arrow F in Figure 2.
• the circuit 30 is formed in the wall of the body 2 of the actuator 1 , being separated from the housing 3 by a portion 29 of the body 2.
• the cooling fluid comes directly into contact with the electric motor 10, the portion 29 does not exist then.
• a sealing system makes it possible to seal the first part 5 of the housing with respect to the outside of this first part 5.
• the circuit 30 may be in the form of a plurality of rectilinear conduits 31 arranged parallel to the axis X, each occupying a different angular position around the axis X, and connected together, as can be seen on the Figures 3 and 4.
• These pipes 31 may be substantially identical and separated in pairs by a partition 32 lined on each side by a pipe 31.
• the connection between two adjacent pipes 31 can be done through an opening 33 formed in the partition 32 bordered by these two adjacent pipes 31.
• the cooling circuit 30 comprises in the example in question an input 34 and an output 35, this input 34 and this output 35 being disposed substantially at the same position along the axis X.
• twelve rectilinear conduits 31 are provided and the angular space occupied by these twelve ducts 31 and measured from the X axis is between 270 ° and 360 °.
• the cooling circuit 30 is for example coupled to the cooling circuit of the engine and it can be traversed by the engine coolant.
• the actuator 1 may comprise an electrical connector 40 allowing the communication between the one or more sensors in the body 2 and a unit for processing these data.
• the connector 40 can also allow the power supply of the motor 10.
• This connector 40 in this example protrudes from a face 41 of the body 2 opposite the face 26.
• the cooling circuit 30 does not axially cover the transmission stage 20, extending only in the wall of the body 2 at the level of the first part 5 of the housing 3.
• the cooling circuit 30 also extends at the second portion 6 of the housing 3.
• the pipes 31 are for example extended, so as to extend also in the wall of the body 2 at the height of the second part 6 of the dwelling 3.
• a heat shield may or may not externally cover the wall of the body 2 at the level of the transmission stage 20.
• the invention is not limited to an actuator 1 implementing means for dissipating the heat generated solely by elements of this actuator.
• the use of separate parts for producing the output shaft 22 of the actuator 1 and the shaft driving the flap can make it possible to thermally decouple the output shaft 22 of the actuator 1 from the shaft driving the flap and to avoid that the heat in the environment of the shutter does not gain housing 3.
• the mechanical coupling between these trees can come from the form of corresponding ends of these trees, the latter being in particular configured to fit the one with the other.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
• Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
• Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=47557193

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Families Citing this family (4)

Family Cites Families (21)

• 2012
  • 2012-09-20 FR FR1258825A patent/FR2995719B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2013
  • 2013-09-20 CN CN201380057538.XA patent/CN104769820B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2013-09-20 EP EP13779281.8A patent/EP2898592A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2013-09-20 WO PCT/FR2013/052186 patent/WO2014044987A2/fr active Application Filing
  • 2013-09-20 KR KR1020157010000A patent/KR20150059766A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2013-09-20 US US14/429,648 patent/US20150244241A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2013-09-20 JP JP2015532489A patent/JP2015533070A/ja active Pending

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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