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EP2735012B1 - Disconnector for a gas-insulated installation comprising a vacuum bulb - Google Patents

Disconnector for a gas-insulated installation comprising a vacuum bulb Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2735012B1
EP2735012B1 EP12735882.8A EP12735882A EP2735012B1 EP 2735012 B1 EP2735012 B1 EP 2735012B1 EP 12735882 A EP12735882 A EP 12735882A EP 2735012 B1 EP2735012 B1 EP 2735012B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contacts
contact
pair
permanent
vacuum bulb
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12735882.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2735012A1 (en
Inventor
Paul Vinson
Gwenaël Marquezin
André Cimala
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Technology AG filed Critical Alstom Technology AG
Publication of EP2735012A1 publication Critical patent/EP2735012A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2735012B1 publication Critical patent/EP2735012B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/12—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
    • H01H33/121—Load break switches
    • H01H33/122—Load break switches both breaker and sectionaliser being enclosed, e.g. in SF6-filled container
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H33/6661—Combination with other type of switch, e.g. for load break switches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a disconnector, or switch, for a gas-insulated installation with medium, high or very high voltage, in which a vacuum interrupter is installed.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a disconnector in which the vacuum interrupter makes it possible to limit the formation of electric arcs during the opening or closing of the disconnector, for example during a current switching operation in the games. of the installation bar.
  • the disconnectors associated with the busbars are successively manipulated so that the electric current flows continuously. in the installation.
  • the disconnector associated with the second busbar is closed and the disconnector associated with the first busbar is opened.
  • a vacuum interrupter has a gas-tight enclosure in which a vacuum has been created.
  • the vacuum lamp functions as an electrical switch and has a fixed conductor and a movable conductor which are able to come into contact with each other inside the vacuum chamber.
  • the vacuum created makes it possible to limit the formation of electric arcs when opening the vacuum interrupter.
  • the document DE 198 59 007 discloses a disconnector having permanent contacts, arcing contacts and a vacuum interrupter arranged in series with the arcing contacts.
  • the disconnector is designed so that the vacuum interrupter opens after the separation of the permanent contacts and before the separation of the arcing contacts.
  • the arcing contacts are protected against arcing.
  • the disconnector comprises a lever that cooperates with the movable arcing contact so that during an opening operation of the disconnector, the lever maintains the moving arcing contact in contact with the other arcing contact to maintain it. in position as long as the vacuum bulb is closed.
  • a return spring causes the movable arc contact to disconnect it from the fixed arc contact.
  • Such an embodiment of the disconnector is relatively complex because of the presence of the lever because the disconnector also comprises means for controlling the lever.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a disconnector comprising a vacuum interrupter whose structure and operation are simplified.
  • the invention proposes a disconnector for a gas-insulated installation with medium, high or very high voltage which comprises a first pair of contacts and a second pair of contacts, each pair of contacts of which has a permanent contact and an associated arc contact. , the contacts of the second pair of contacts being movable in translation longitudinally with respect to the contacts of the first pair of contacts between a disconnected downstream position, an intermediate position in which only the arc contacts of the two pairs of contacts are in electrical contact.
  • the isolator comprising a vacuum interrupter which is associated with one of the two pairs of contacts so that the arcing contact of said pair of contacts is electrically connected to the associated permanent contact ied via the vacuum interrupter, characterized in that the arc contact of each pair of contacts is movably mounted in translation longitudinally relative to the associated permanent contact between a close position of the associated permanent contact and a position remote from the associated permanent contact.
  • each arcing contact relative to the associated permanent contact makes it possible to maintain the electrical contact between the two contacts during an opening or closing operation of the disconnector.
  • each pair of contacts comprises elastic means for driving the arcing contact of said pair of contacts towards the position remote from the associated permanent contact.
  • the stiffness of the elastic means of the pair of contacts to which the vacuum interrupter is associated is less than the stiffness of the elastic means of the other pair of contacts.
  • the vacuum interrupter (24) is able to cause the arcing contact of the pair of contacts to which the vacuum interrupter is associated towards the close position of the associated permanent contact.
  • the other pair of contacts comprises elastic means for driving the arcing contact of said pair of contacts towards the position remote from the associated permanent contact.
  • the disconnector comprises means for maintaining contact between the arcing contacts of the two pairs of contacts during an opening operation of the disconnector, as long as the vacuum interrupter is closed.
  • the arcing contact of the pair of contacts to which the vacuum interrupter is associated is electrically connected to the permanent contact of said pair of contacts via the vacuum interrupter.
  • the arcing contact of the other pair of contacts is directly electrically connected to the permanent contact of said other pair of contacts.
  • the arcing contact of said pair of contacts to which the vacuum interrupter is associated is integral with a conductor of the vacuum interrupter and the permanent contact of said pair of contacts is secured to a other driver of the vacuum bulb.
  • the elastic means associated with said pair of contacts to which the vacuum interrupter is associated perform the driving of the vacuum bulb to an open position.
  • the disconnector comprises means for short-circuiting the vacuum interrupter when the arcing contacts and the permanent contacts of the two pairs of contacts are not in contact with one another, respectively.
  • the vacuum interrupter is associated with the first pair of contacts.
  • the vacuum bulb is associated with the second pair of contacts.
  • the permanent contact of the pair of contacts to which the vacuum interrupter is associated is of tubular form and the vacuum bulb is arranged inside said permanent contact.
  • FIG. 1 a disconnector 10 for a gas-insulated installation.
  • the disconnector 10 consists of a main axis element A of longitudinal orientation, it is arranged inside a closed chamber containing a dielectric gas to limit the formation of electric arcs.
  • the disconnector 10 comprises a first pair of contacts 12, located at one end on the left of the figure 1 , and a second pair of contacts 14 located at one end to the right of the figure 1 .
  • the left end of the disconnector 10 will be designated as the upstream end of the disconnector 10 and the right end of the disconnector 10 will be designated as the downstream end of the disconnector 10.
  • the second pair of contacts 14 is movable longitudinally relative to the first pair of contacts 12 between a disconnected downstream position shown in FIG. figure 1 , in which no electrical contact is established between their respective contacts, and an upstream position represented at the 2D figure wherein the respective contacts of the two pairs of contacts 12, 14 are in electrical contact with each other.
  • the downstream position of the second pair of contacts 14 corresponds to an open state of the disconnector 10 and the upstream position of the second pair of contacts 14 corresponds to a closed state of the disconnector 10.
  • Each pair of contacts 12, 14 mainly comprises a permanent contact 16, 20 and an arcing contact 18, 22.
  • the first pair of contacts 12 comprises a fixed permanent contact 16 and a fixed arcing contact 18 electrically connected to the fixed permanent contact 16.
  • the second pair of contacts 14 comprises a movable permanent contact 20 and a movable arcing contact 22 electrically connected. in permanent mobile contact 20.
  • the fixed arcing contact 18 and the movable arcing contact 22 are arranged radially at the main axis A of the disconnector 10, the fixed permanent contact 16 and the movable permanent contact 20 are offset radially with respect to the contacts of FIG. fixed arc 18 and mobile 22, so as to form coaxial tubes extending radially around and away from the arcing contacts 18, 22.
  • the moving permanent contact 20 is able to come into contact with the fixed permanent contact 16 and the moving arcing contact 22 is able to come into contact with the fixed arcing contact 18.
  • the disconnector 10 is designed so that during a closing operation of the disconnector 10, in a first step, the movable arcing contact 22 comes into contact with the fixed arcing contact 18, then, in a later step, the moving permanent contact 20 comes into contact with the fixed permanent contact 16, thus closing the disconnector 10.
  • the contact between the movable permanent contact 20 and the fixed permanent contact 16 is broken before the contact break between the movable arcing contact 22 and the fixed arcing contact. 18.
  • the disconnector 10 also comprises a vacuum interrupter 24.
  • the vacuum bottle 24 comprises a closed enclosure 30 in which a vacuum has been created and in which conductors 26, 28 are able to come into electrical contact with each other.
  • a first conductor 26 of the vacuum interrupter is fixed relative to the enclosure 30, the other conductor 28 is slidably mounted axially relative to the enclosure 30 and the fixed conductor 26, between a disconnected position of the fixed conductor 26 corresponding to the open state of the vacuum interrupter 24 and a position connected to the fixed conductor 26 corresponding to the closed state of the vacuum interrupter 24.
  • the vacuum interrupter 24 is associated with a pair of contacts 12, 14 in such a way that the arcing contact 18, 22 of this pair of contacts 12, 14 is electrically connected to the associated permanent contact 16, 20 of the pair of contacts. contacts 12, 14 by the vacuum interrupter 24.
  • the arcing contact 18, 22 of the pair of contacts 12, 14 is electrically connected to the associated permanent contact 16, 20 of the pair of contacts 12, 14 and when the Vacuum bulb 24 is open, the arcing contact 18, 22 of the pair of contacts 12, 14 is not electrically connected to the associated permanent contact 16, 20 of the pair of contacts 12, 14.
  • the arcing contact 22, 18 of the other pair of contacts 14, 12 is directly connected to the associated permanent contact 20, 16.
  • the vacuum interrupter is arranged coaxially with the contacts of the associated pair of contacts 12, 14 and is located inside the tubular space of the permanent contact 16, 20.
  • the vacuum bulb 24 is associated with the first pair of contacts 12, it is thus arranged between the fixed permanent contact 16 and the fixed arcing contact 18 and is located inside the tubular space of the fixed permanent contact 16.
  • the movable arcing contact 22 is directly electrically connected to the movable permanent contact 20.
  • the vacuum interrupter 24 is associated with the second pair of contacts 14, it is thus arranged between the movable permanent contact 20 and the movable arcing contact 22 and is located inside the tubular space of the contact mobile standing 20.
  • the fixed arc contact 18 is directly electrically connected to the fixed permanent contact 16.
  • the disconnector 10 is made such that during a closing phase, the moving permanent contact 20 moves axially towards the fixed permanent contact 16, that is to say here in a longitudinal translation upstream.
  • the moving arcing contact 22 is driven in translation by the moving permanent contact 20.
  • the movable arcing contact 22 comes into contact with the fixed arcing contact 18.
  • the vacuum interrupter 24 closes.
  • the moving permanent contact 20 comes into contact with the fixed permanent contact 16.
  • the arcing contact 18, 22 of each pair of contacts 12, 14 is mounted to slide axially relative to the permanent contact 16, 20 associated with the same pair of contacts 12, 14 between an axially remote position. of the associated permanent contact 16, 20 and an axially close position of the permanent contact 16, 20 associated.
  • the fixed arcing contact 18 is axially movable between a downstream axial position and an axial position upstream relative to the fixed permanent contact 16 and the movable arcing contact 22 is axially movable between a downstream axial position and an upstream axial position. relative to the moving permanent contact 20.
  • the arcing contact 18, 22 which is associated with the vacuum interrupter 24, that is to say here the fixed arcing contact 18, is integral with the movable conductor 28 of the vacuum interrupter 24.
  • Each pair of contacts 12, 14 also comprises elastic means for driving the arcing contact 18, 22 towards its position remote from the associated permanent contact.
  • the first pair of contacts 12 thus comprises a first elastic means 32, consisting here of a helical compression spring, which fixed arcing contact to its downstream position relative to the fixed permanent contact 16 and the second pair of contacts 14 comprises a second elastic means 34, also consisting here of a helical compression spring, driving the moving arcing contact 22 towards its upstream position relative to the moving permanent contact 20.
  • Each elastic means 32, 34 is connected to the arcing contact 18, 22 and the associated permanent contact 16, 20.
  • the elastic means 32, 34 is compressed axially between the arcing contact 18, 22 and the associated permanent contact 16, 20,
  • the fixed arcing contact 18 is integral with the movable conductor 28 of the vacuum interrupter 24. Therefore, the first elastic spring 32 carries the driving of the movable conductor 28 towards its remote position fixed conductor 26, that is to say towards an open position of the vacuum interrupter 24.
  • the stiffness of the spring 32, which is associated with the pair of contacts 12 which is itself associated with the vacuum bottle 24, is lower than the stiffness of the other spring 34.
  • the stiffness of the first spring 32 is lower than the stiffness of the second spring 34.
  • the disconnector 10 also comprises means for short-circuiting the vacuum interrupter 24 when the disconnector 10 is open, that is to say when the contacts of the second pair of contacts 14 are not electrically connected to the contacts of the first pair of contacts 12.
  • These short-circuit means are furthermore made in such a way that they do not connect the arcing contact 18 associated with the permanent contact 16 when closing or opening the disconnector 10.
  • the short-circuit means 36 are able to be actuated by a contact 20, 22 of the second pair of contacts 14 so that the contact is broken from a certain position of the contacts 20, 22 of the second pair of contacts 14.
  • the vacuum interrupter 24 is associated with the first pair of contacts 12.
  • the short-circuiting means 36 are made to connect the fixed arcing contact 18 to the fixed permanent contact 16, as can be seen in FIG. figure 1 .
  • the short-circuit means 36 comprise an annular element 38 which is mounted to slide axially with respect to the permanent contact 16 and which is permanently electrically connected to the fixed arcing contact 18.
  • a third spring 40 is compressed between a flange 42 fixed to the stationary arc contact 18 and the annular element 38 to drive the element annular 38 to a downstream position, in which the annular element 38 is in contact with the fixed permanent contact 16.
  • the third spring 40 and the flange 42 are electrically conductive, for electrically connecting the fixed arcing contact 18 to the annular element 38.
  • the annular element 38 is able to be disconnected from the fixed permanent contact 16 under the action of the moving permanent contact 20.
  • the mobile permanent contact 20 comprises for this purpose a pusher 44 of insulating material through which it exerts on the annular element 38 an action directed upstream, which opposes the action exerted by the third spring 40 on the annular element 38.
  • Figures 1 to 2D different successive states of the disconnector 10 during a closing step of the disconnector 10.
  • disconnector 10 is shown in an open state.
  • the contacts 20, 22 of the second pair of contacts 14 are located remotely, downstream of the contacts 16, 18 of the first pair of contacts 12.
  • the moving arcing contact 22 is maintained in its downstream position away from the moving permanent contact 20 by the second spring 34.
  • the fixed arcing contact 18 is maintained in its upstream position away from the fixed permanent contact 16 by the first spring 32, the vacuum bulb 24 is held in open position by the first spring 32.
  • the short-circuit means 36 electrically connect the fixed arcing contact 18 to the fixed permanent contact 16.
  • the moving permanent contact 20 moves upstream, that is to say here to the left.
  • This first time is defined so that the contact of the pusher 44 with the annular element 38 is effected before the moving arcing contact 22 comes into contact with the fixed arcing contact 18 and before the moving permanent contact. 20 does not come into contact with the fixed permanent contact 16.
  • the movable permanent contact 20 and the movable arcing contact 22 continue their upstream movement, driving the annular element 38 which disconnects from the fixed permanent contact 16, so that the fixed arcing contact 18 is more connected to the permanent fixed contact 16.
  • the fixed arcing contact 18 is then at the same electrical potential as the contacts 20, 22 of the second pair of contacts 14.
  • the movable arcing contact 22 is in abutment axially upstream against the arcing contact. fixed 18. Also, the arcing contacts 18, 22 are pressed against each other by the first spring 32 and the second spring 34. Thus, the arcing contacts 18, 22 are integral in axial displacement towards the earth. upstream.
  • the stiffness of the first spring 32 is less than the stiffness of the second spring 34.
  • a third step corresponding to the transition from the state represented to the Figure 2B in the state shown in Figure 2C the fixed arcing contact 18 moves upstream with respect to the fixed permanent contact 16 in solidarity with the movable arcing contact 22 and with the moving permanent contact 20.
  • the movable conductor 28 of the vacuum interrupter 24 also moves upstream, until it comes into contact with the fixed conductor 26, thus closing the vacuum interrupter 24, as shown in FIG. Figure 2C .
  • the movable conductor 28 of the vacuum interrupter 24 is in abutment axially upstream against the fixed conductor 26.
  • the movable conductor 28, and therefore the fixed arcing contact 18 and the movable arcing contact 22, are also in axial stop upstream, they can not move further upstream.
  • the disconnector 10 is then closed, the current flowing through the permanent contacts 16, 20.
  • the opening of the disconnector 10 is effected by an inverse displacement of the moving permanent contact 20, that is to say downstream, and corresponds to the succession of states since the state represented in FIG. 2D figure up to the state represented at figure 1 .
  • the second spring 34 gradually relaxes, keeping the vacuum bottle 24 closed and the electrical contact between the movable arcing contact 22 and the fixed arcing contact 18.
  • the first spring 32 expands so that the vacuum bulb 24 opens until the fixed arcing contact 18 arrives at its downstream position relative to the fixed permanent contact 16.
  • the annular element is driven by the third spring 40 to its downstream position bypassing the vacuum bulb, so that the fixed arcing contact 18 is connected to the fixed permanent contact 16 and is at the same electrical potential.
  • FIGS. 3A to 3D a second embodiment of the invention according to which the vacuum interrupter 24 is associated with the second pair of contacts 14.
  • the movable arcing contact 22 is connected to the movable permanent contact 20 via the vacuum interrupter 24 and the fixed arcing contact 18 is directly connected to the fixed permanent contact 16.
  • the stiffness of the second spring 34 which causes the movable arcing contact 22 to its upstream position relative to the movable permanent contact 20, is less than the stiffness of the first spring 32, which causes the contact fixed arc 18 towards its downstream position relative to the fixed permanent contact 16.
  • the short-circuiting means 36 of the vacuum interrupter 24 are associated with the second pair of contacts 14, they comprise here a metal plate 46 integral with the movable arcing contact 22.
  • the metal blade 46 is able to come into contact with an associated conductor 48 which is electrically connected and fixed to a fixed element 50 of the disconnector 10 which is electrically connected to the movable permanent contact 20.
  • the state represented in figure 3A corresponds to an open state of the disconnector 10.
  • the metal tab 46 of the short-circuit means 36 is disconnected from the associated conductor 48, the moving arcing contact 22 is then no longer electrically connected to the movable permanent contact 20.
  • the stiffness of the first spring 32 being greater than the stiffness of the second spring 34, the second spring 34 which is compressed so that the fixed arcing contact 18 and the movable arcing contact 22 remain stationary.
  • the movable arcing contact 22 moves axially downstream with respect to the moving permanent contact 20.
  • the mobile conductor 26 of the vacuum interrupter 24 moves in the enclosure 30 to come into contact with the fixed conductor 28.
  • the mobile conductor 26 of the vacuum interrupter 24 is in abutment with the fixed conductor 28, so that the moving arcing contact 22 is in its downstream position relative to the moving permanent contact 20.
  • a third step of the closing operation of the disconnector 10 corresponding to the transition between the state represented in FIG. figure 3C and the state represented at 3D figure the movable permanent contact 20 continues its upstream travel, causing the movable arcing contact 22, the fixed arcing contact 18 and the vacuum interrupter 24 which is closed.
  • the first spring 32 then compresses to allow the upstream displacement of the fixed arc contact 18.
  • the opening of the disconnector 10 is effected by an inverse displacement of the moving permanent contact 20, that is to say downstream, and corresponds to the sequence of the states represented in FIGS. 3D figures at 3A .
  • the first spring 32 gradually relaxes, keeping the vacuum bulb 24 closed, as well as the electrical contact between the movable arcing contact 22 and the fixed arcing contact 18.
  • the metal blade 46 of the short circuit means comes into contact with the conductor 48, short-circuiting the vacuum bulb 24, so that the fixed arcing contact 18 is connected to the fixed permanent contact 16 and is same electric potential.
  • the pair of contacts 12, 14 associated with the vacuum interrupter 24 does not include elastic means for driving the arcing contact 18, 22 to its position away from the associated permanent contact.
  • the vacuum interrupter causes the associated arcing contact 18, 22 towards its position close to the associated permanent contact.
  • the driver mobile 28 of the vacuum bulb 24 is driven by this vacuum towards the fixed conductor 26.
  • the movable arcing contact 22 is electrically connected to the movable permanent contact 20.
  • the movable arcing contact 22 is permanently electrically connected to the movable permanent contact 20 via the vacuum interrupter 24.
  • the contact between the conductors 26, 28 of the vacuum interrupter is broken before the rupture of contact between the movable arcing contact 22 and the contact fixed arc 18, preventing the formation of an electric arc between the movable arcing contact 22 and the fixed arcing contact 18.
  • the disconnector 10 comprises means for maintaining the contact between the movable arcing contact 22 and the fixed arcing contact 18 as long as the vacuum interrupter is closed.
  • the movable permanent contact 20 separates from the fixed permanent contact 16 in a second step, the vacuum interrupter opens, thereby breaking the electrical contact between the two pairs of contacts 12, 14 and in a third step, the contact between the movable arcing contact 22 and the fixed arcing contact 18 is broken.
  • the vacuum interrupter returns to its closed position because of the vacuum present inside it.
  • this variant embodiment relates to a disconnector 10 for which the vacuum interrupter 24 is associated with the first pair of contacts 12 or the second pair of contacts 14.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Description

DOMAINE TECHNIQUETECHNICAL AREA

L'invention concerne un sectionneur, ou interrupteur, pour une installation à isolation gazeuse à moyenne, haute ou très haute tension, dans lequel une ampoule à vide est installée.The invention relates to a disconnector, or switch, for a gas-insulated installation with medium, high or very high voltage, in which a vacuum interrupter is installed.

L'invention concerne plus particulièrement un sectionneur dans lequel l'ampoule à vide permet de limiter la formation d'arcs électriques lors de l'ouverture ou de la fermeture du sectionneur, par exemple lors d'une opération de commutation de courant dans les jeux de barre de l'installation.The invention relates more particularly to a disconnector in which the vacuum interrupter makes it possible to limit the formation of electric arcs during the opening or closing of the disconnector, for example during a current switching operation in the games. of the installation bar.

ÉTAT DE LA TECHNIQUE ANTÉRIEURESTATE OF THE PRIOR ART

Lors d'une opération de commutation, pour transférer le courant électrique depuis un premier jeu de barres de l'installation vers un deuxième jeu de barres, les sectionneurs associés aux jeux de barres sont successivement manoeuvrés de manière que le courant électrique circule de manière continue dans l'installation.During a switching operation, to transfer the electric current from a first busbar of the installation to a second busbar, the disconnectors associated with the busbars are successively manipulated so that the electric current flows continuously. in the installation.

Lors de cette opération, le sectionneur associé au deuxième jeu de barres est fermé puis le sectionneur associé au premier jeu de barres est ouvert.During this operation, the disconnector associated with the second busbar is closed and the disconnector associated with the first busbar is opened.

Du fait de la forte intensité du courant, lors de la fermeture ou de l'ouverture de chacun des sectionneurs, un arc électrique peut se former et endommager les composants du sectionneur.Due to the high intensity of the current, when closing or opening each of the disconnectors, an electric arc may form and damage the disconnector components.

Une ampoule à vide comporte une enceinte fermée de manière étanche aux gaz et dans laquelle un vide a été créé.A vacuum interrupter has a gas-tight enclosure in which a vacuum has been created.

L'ampoule à vide fonctionne comme un interrupteur électrique et comporte un conducteur fixe et un conducteur mobile qui sont aptes à venir en contact l'un avec l'autre à l'intérieur de la chambre à vide. Le vide créé permet de limiter la formation d'arcs électriques lors de l'ouverture de l'ampoule à vide.The vacuum lamp functions as an electrical switch and has a fixed conductor and a movable conductor which are able to come into contact with each other inside the vacuum chamber. The vacuum created makes it possible to limit the formation of electric arcs when opening the vacuum interrupter.

Le document DE 198 59 007 décrit un sectionneur comportant des contacts permanents, des contacts d'arc et une ampoule à vide agencée en série avec les contacts d'arcs.The document DE 198 59 007 discloses a disconnector having permanent contacts, arcing contacts and a vacuum interrupter arranged in series with the arcing contacts.

Selon ce document, le sectionneur est réalisé de manière que l'ampoule à vide s'ouvre après la séparation des contacts permanents et avant la séparation des contacts d'arc. Ainsi, les contacts d'arc sont protégés contre la formation d'arcs électriques.According to this document, the disconnector is designed so that the vacuum interrupter opens after the separation of the permanent contacts and before the separation of the arcing contacts. Thus, the arcing contacts are protected against arcing.

Le sectionneur comporte un levier qui coopère avec le contact d'arc mobile de manière que lors d'une opération d'ouverture du sectionneur, le levier maintient le contact d'arc mobile en contact avec l'autre contact d'arc pour le maintenir en position tant que l'ampoule à vide est fermée.The disconnector comprises a lever that cooperates with the movable arcing contact so that during an opening operation of the disconnector, the lever maintains the moving arcing contact in contact with the other arcing contact to maintain it. in position as long as the vacuum bulb is closed.

Lorsque le contact d'arc mobile n'est plus bloqué par le levier, un ressort de rappel entraîne le contact d'arc mobile pour le déconnecter du contact d'arc fixe.When the movable arcing contact is no longer blocked by the lever, a return spring causes the movable arc contact to disconnect it from the fixed arc contact.

Un tel mode de réalisation du sectionneur est relativement complexe du fait de la présence du levier car le sectionneur comporte aussi des moyens de commande du levier.Such an embodiment of the disconnector is relatively complex because of the presence of the lever because the disconnector also comprises means for controlling the lever.

L'invention a pour but de proposer un sectionneur comportant une ampoule à vide dont la structure et le fonctionnement sont simplifiés.The object of the invention is to propose a disconnector comprising a vacuum interrupter whose structure and operation are simplified.

EXPOSÉ DE L'INVENTIONSTATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

L'invention propose un sectionneur pour une installation à isolation gazeuse à moyenne, haute ou très haute tension qui comporte une première paire de contacts et une deuxième paire de contacts, dont chaque paire de contacts comporte un contact permanent et un contact d'arc associés, les contacts de la deuxième paire de contacts étant mobiles en translation longitudinalement par rapport aux contacts de la première paire de contacts entre une position aval déconnectés, une position intermédiaire dans laquelle seuls les contacts d'arc des deux paires de contacts sont en contact électrique et une position amont de fermeture dans laquelle les contact d'arc et les contacts permanents des deux paires de contacts sont en contact électrique les uns avec les autres, le sectionneur comportant une ampoule à vide qui est associée à l'une des deux paires de contacts de manière que le contact d'arc de ladite paire de contacts est raccordé électriquement au contact permanent associé par l'intermédiaire de l'ampoule à vide, caractérisé en ce que le contact d'arc de chaque paire de contacts est monté mobile en translation longitudinalement par rapport au contact permanent associé, entre une position rapprochée du contact permanent associé et une position éloignée du contact permanent associé.The invention proposes a disconnector for a gas-insulated installation with medium, high or very high voltage which comprises a first pair of contacts and a second pair of contacts, each pair of contacts of which has a permanent contact and an associated arc contact. , the contacts of the second pair of contacts being movable in translation longitudinally with respect to the contacts of the first pair of contacts between a disconnected downstream position, an intermediate position in which only the arc contacts of the two pairs of contacts are in electrical contact. and an upstream closing position in which the arcing contacts and the permanent contacts of the two pairs of contacts are in electrical contact with each other, the isolator comprising a vacuum interrupter which is associated with one of the two pairs of contacts so that the arcing contact of said pair of contacts is electrically connected to the associated permanent contact ied via the vacuum interrupter, characterized in that the arc contact of each pair of contacts is movably mounted in translation longitudinally relative to the associated permanent contact between a close position of the associated permanent contact and a position remote from the associated permanent contact.

Le déplacement de chaque contact d'arc par rapport au contact permanent associé permet de conserver le contact électrique entre les deux contacts lors d'une opération d'ouverture ou de fermeture du sectionneur.The displacement of each arcing contact relative to the associated permanent contact makes it possible to maintain the electrical contact between the two contacts during an opening or closing operation of the disconnector.

De préférence, chaque paire de contacts comporte des moyens élastiques d'entraînement du contact d'arc de ladite paire de contacts vers la position éloignée du contact permanent associé.Preferably, each pair of contacts comprises elastic means for driving the arcing contact of said pair of contacts towards the position remote from the associated permanent contact.

De préférence, la raideur des moyens élastiques de la paire de contacts à laquelle l'ampoule à vide est associée est inférieure à la raideur des moyens élastiques de l'autre paire de contacts.Preferably, the stiffness of the elastic means of the pair of contacts to which the vacuum interrupter is associated is less than the stiffness of the elastic means of the other pair of contacts.

De préférence, l'ampoule à vide (24) est apte à entraîner le contact d'arc de la paire de contacts à laquelle l'ampoule à vide est associée vers la position rapprochée du contact permanent associé.Preferably, the vacuum interrupter (24) is able to cause the arcing contact of the pair of contacts to which the vacuum interrupter is associated towards the close position of the associated permanent contact.

De préférence, l'autre paire de contacts comporte des moyens élastiques d'entraînement du contact d'arc de ladite paire de contacts vers la position éloignée du contact permanent associé.Preferably, the other pair of contacts comprises elastic means for driving the arcing contact of said pair of contacts towards the position remote from the associated permanent contact.

De préférence, le sectionneur comporte des moyens pour maintenir le contact entre les contacts d'arc des deux paires de contacts lors d'une opération d'ouverture du sectionneur, tant que l'ampoule à vide est fermée.Preferably, the disconnector comprises means for maintaining contact between the arcing contacts of the two pairs of contacts during an opening operation of the disconnector, as long as the vacuum interrupter is closed.

De préférence, le contact d'arc de la paire de contacts à laquelle l'ampoule à vide est associée, est raccordé électriquement au contact permanent de ladite paire de contacts par l'intermédiaire de l'ampoule à vide.Preferably, the arcing contact of the pair of contacts to which the vacuum interrupter is associated is electrically connected to the permanent contact of said pair of contacts via the vacuum interrupter.

De préférence, le contact d'arc de l'autre paire de contacts est directement raccordé électriquement au contact permanent de ladite autre paire de contacts.Preferably, the arcing contact of the other pair of contacts is directly electrically connected to the permanent contact of said other pair of contacts.

De préférence, le contact d'arc de ladite paire de contacts à laquelle l'ampoule à vide est associée, est solidaire d'un conducteur de l'ampoule à vide et le contact permanent de la dite paire de contacts est solidaire d'un autre conducteur de l'ampoule à vide.Preferably, the arcing contact of said pair of contacts to which the vacuum interrupter is associated, is integral with a conductor of the vacuum interrupter and the permanent contact of said pair of contacts is secured to a other driver of the vacuum bulb.

De préférence, les moyens élastiques associés à ladite paire de contacts à laquelle l'ampoule à vide est associée réalisent l'entraînement de l'ampoule à vide vers une position d'ouverture.Preferably, the elastic means associated with said pair of contacts to which the vacuum interrupter is associated perform the driving of the vacuum bulb to an open position.

De préférence, le sectionneur comporte des moyens pour court-circuiter l'ampoule à vide lorsque les contacts d'arc et les contacts permanents des deux paires de contacts ne sont pas en contacts les uns avec les autres, respectivement.Preferably, the disconnector comprises means for short-circuiting the vacuum interrupter when the arcing contacts and the permanent contacts of the two pairs of contacts are not in contact with one another, respectively.

De préférence, l'ampoule à vide est associée à la première paire de contacts.Preferably, the vacuum interrupter is associated with the first pair of contacts.

De préférence, l'ampoule à vide est associée à la deuxième paire de contacts.Preferably, the vacuum bulb is associated with the second pair of contacts.

De préférence, le contact permanent de la paire de contacts à laquelle l'ampoule à vide est associée est de forme tubulaire et l'ampoule à vide est agencée à l'intérieur dudit contact permanent.Preferably, the permanent contact of the pair of contacts to which the vacuum interrupter is associated is of tubular form and the vacuum bulb is arranged inside said permanent contact.

BRÈVE DESCRIPTION DES DESSINSBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit pour la compréhension de laquelle on se reportera aux figures annexées parmi lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 est une représentation schématique en section axiale d'un sectionneur selon l'invention ;
  • les figures 2A à 2D sont des sections similaires à celles de la figure 1, représentant différents états du sectionneur lors d'une étape de fermeture du sectionneur ;
  • les figures 3A à 3D sont des sections similaires à celles de la figure 1, représentant différents états d'un sectionneur selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows for the understanding of which reference will be made to the appended figures among which:
  • the figure 1 is a schematic representation in axial section of a disconnector according to the invention;
  • the Figures 2A to 2D are similar sections to those of the figure 1 , representing different states of the disconnector during a closing step of the disconnector;
  • the Figures 3A to 3D are similar sections to those of the figure 1 , representing different states of a disconnector according to a second embodiment of the invention.

EXPOSÉ DÉTAILLÉ DE MODES DE RÉALISATION PARTICULIERSDETAILED PRESENTATION OF PARTICULAR EMBODIMENTS

On a représenté à la figure 1 un sectionneur 10 pour une installation à isolation gazeuse.We have shown figure 1 a disconnector 10 for a gas-insulated installation.

Le sectionneur 10 consiste en un élément d'axe principal A d'orientation longitudinale, il est agencé à l'intérieur d'une enceinte fermée contenant un gaz diélectrique permettant de limiter la formation d'arcs électriques.The disconnector 10 consists of a main axis element A of longitudinal orientation, it is arranged inside a closed chamber containing a dielectric gas to limit the formation of electric arcs.

Le sectionneur 10 comporte une première paire de contacts 12, située à une extrémité à gauche de la figure 1, et une deuxième paire de contacts 14 située à une extrémité à droite de la figure 1.The disconnector 10 comprises a first pair of contacts 12, located at one end on the left of the figure 1 , and a second pair of contacts 14 located at one end to the right of the figure 1 .

Dans la description qui va suivre, l'extrémité de gauche du sectionneur 10 sera désignée comme étant l'extrémité amont du sectionneur 10 et l'extrémité de droite du sectionneur 10 sera désignée comme étant l'extrémité aval du sectionneur 10.In the following description, the left end of the disconnector 10 will be designated as the upstream end of the disconnector 10 and the right end of the disconnector 10 will be designated as the downstream end of the disconnector 10.

La deuxième paire de contacts 14 est mobile longitudinalement par rapport à la première paire de contacts 12 entre une position aval déconnectée représenté à la figure 1, dans laquelle aucun contact électrique n'est établi entre leurs contacts respectifs, et une position amont représentée à la figure 2D dans laquelle les contacts respectifs des deux paires de contacts 12, 14 sont en contact électrique les uns avec les autres.The second pair of contacts 14 is movable longitudinally relative to the first pair of contacts 12 between a disconnected downstream position shown in FIG. figure 1 , in which no electrical contact is established between their respective contacts, and an upstream position represented at the 2D figure wherein the respective contacts of the two pairs of contacts 12, 14 are in electrical contact with each other.

La position aval de la deuxième paire de contacts 14 correspond à un état ouvert du sectionneur 10 et la position amont de la deuxième paire de contacts 14 correspond à un état fermé du sectionneur 10.The downstream position of the second pair of contacts 14 corresponds to an open state of the disconnector 10 and the upstream position of the second pair of contacts 14 corresponds to a closed state of the disconnector 10.

Chaque paire de contacts 12, 14 comporte principalement un contact permanent 16, 20 et un contact d'arc 18, 22.Each pair of contacts 12, 14 mainly comprises a permanent contact 16, 20 and an arcing contact 18, 22.

La première paire de contacts 12 comporte un contact permanent fixe 16 et un contact d'arc fixe 18 raccordé électriquement au contact permanent fixe 16. La deuxième paire de contacts 14 comporte un contact permanent mobile 20 et un contact d'arc mobile 22 raccordé électriquement au contact permanent mobile 20.The first pair of contacts 12 comprises a fixed permanent contact 16 and a fixed arcing contact 18 electrically connected to the fixed permanent contact 16. The second pair of contacts 14 comprises a movable permanent contact 20 and a movable arcing contact 22 electrically connected. in permanent mobile contact 20.

Le contact d'arc fixe 18 et le contact d'arc mobile 22 sont agencés radialement au niveau de l'axe principal A du sectionneur 10, le contact permanent fixe 16 et le contact permanent mobile 20 sont décalés radialement par rapport aux contacts d'arc fixe 18 et mobile 22, de manière à former des tubes coaxiaux s'étendant radialement autour et à distance des contacts d'arc 18, 22.The fixed arcing contact 18 and the movable arcing contact 22 are arranged radially at the main axis A of the disconnector 10, the fixed permanent contact 16 and the movable permanent contact 20 are offset radially with respect to the contacts of FIG. fixed arc 18 and mobile 22, so as to form coaxial tubes extending radially around and away from the arcing contacts 18, 22.

Le contact permanent mobile 20 est apte à venir en contact avec le contact permanent fixe 16 et le contact d'arc mobile 22 est apte à venir en contact avec le contact d'arc fixe 18.The moving permanent contact 20 is able to come into contact with the fixed permanent contact 16 and the moving arcing contact 22 is able to come into contact with the fixed arcing contact 18.

Le sectionneur 10 est réalisé de manière que lors d'une opération de fermeture du sectionneur 10, dans une première étape, le contact d'arc mobile 22 vient en contact avec le contact d'arc fixe 18, puis, dans une étape postérieure, le contact permanent mobile 20 vient en contact avec le contact permanent fixe 16, fermant ainsi le sectionneur 10.The disconnector 10 is designed so that during a closing operation of the disconnector 10, in a first step, the movable arcing contact 22 comes into contact with the fixed arcing contact 18, then, in a later step, the moving permanent contact 20 comes into contact with the fixed permanent contact 16, thus closing the disconnector 10.

Aussi, lors d'une opération d'ouverture du sectionneur 10, le contact entre le contact permanent mobile 20 et le contact permanent fixe 16 est rompu avant la rupture de contact entre le contact d'arc mobile 22 et le contact d'arc fixe 18.Also, during an opening operation of the disconnector 10, the contact between the movable permanent contact 20 and the fixed permanent contact 16 is broken before the contact break between the movable arcing contact 22 and the fixed arcing contact. 18.

Le sectionneur 10 comporte aussi une ampoule à vide 24.The disconnector 10 also comprises a vacuum interrupter 24.

L'ampoule à vide 24 comporte une enceinte 30 fermée dans laquelle un vide a été créé et dans laquelle des conducteurs 26, 28 sont aptes à venir en contact électrique l'un avec l'autre.The vacuum bottle 24 comprises a closed enclosure 30 in which a vacuum has been created and in which conductors 26, 28 are able to come into electrical contact with each other.

Un premier conducteur 26 de l'ampoule à vide est fixe par rapport à l'enceinte 30, l'autre conducteur 28 est monté coulissant axialement par rapport à l'enceinte 30 et le conducteur fixe 26, entre une position déconnecté du conducteur fixe 26, correspondant à l'état ouvert de l'ampoule à vide 24 et une position connecté au conducteur fixe 26 correspondant à l'état fermé de l'ampoule à vide 24.A first conductor 26 of the vacuum interrupter is fixed relative to the enclosure 30, the other conductor 28 is slidably mounted axially relative to the enclosure 30 and the fixed conductor 26, between a disconnected position of the fixed conductor 26 corresponding to the open state of the vacuum interrupter 24 and a position connected to the fixed conductor 26 corresponding to the closed state of the vacuum interrupter 24.

L'ampoule à vide 24 est associée à une paire de contacts 12, 14 de manière telle que le contact d'arc 18, 22 de cette paire de contacts 12, 14 est raccordé électriquement au contact permanent associé 16, 20 de la paire de contacts 12, 14 par l'ampoule à vide 24.The vacuum interrupter 24 is associated with a pair of contacts 12, 14 in such a way that the arcing contact 18, 22 of this pair of contacts 12, 14 is electrically connected to the associated permanent contact 16, 20 of the pair of contacts. contacts 12, 14 by the vacuum interrupter 24.

Ainsi, lorsque l'ampoule à vide 24 est fermée, le contact d'arc 18, 22 de la paire de contacts 12, 14 est raccordé électriquement au contact permanent associé 16, 20 de la paire de contacts 12, 14 et lorsque l'ampoule à vide 24 est ouverte, le contact d'arc 18, 22 de la paire de contacts 12, 14 n'est pas raccordé électriquement au contact permanent associé 16, 20 de la paire de contacts 12, 14.Thus, when the vacuum bulb 24 is closed, the arcing contact 18, 22 of the pair of contacts 12, 14 is electrically connected to the associated permanent contact 16, 20 of the pair of contacts 12, 14 and when the Vacuum bulb 24 is open, the arcing contact 18, 22 of the pair of contacts 12, 14 is not electrically connected to the associated permanent contact 16, 20 of the pair of contacts 12, 14.

Le contact d'arc 22, 18 de l'autre paire de contacts 14, 12 est raccordé directement au contact permanent 20, 16 associé.The arcing contact 22, 18 of the other pair of contacts 14, 12 is directly connected to the associated permanent contact 20, 16.

L'ampoule à vide est agencée coaxialement aux contacts de la paire de contacts 12, 14 associée, et elle est située à l'intérieur de l'espace tubulaire du contact permanent 16, 20.The vacuum interrupter is arranged coaxially with the contacts of the associated pair of contacts 12, 14 and is located inside the tubular space of the permanent contact 16, 20.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation représenté aux figures 1 à 2D, l'ampoule à vide 24 est associée à la première paire de contacts 12, elle est ainsi agencée entre le contact permanent fixe 16 et le contact d'arc fixe 18 et elle est située à l'intérieur de l'espace tubulaire du contact permanent fixe 16.According to a first embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 2D , the vacuum bulb 24 is associated with the first pair of contacts 12, it is thus arranged between the fixed permanent contact 16 and the fixed arcing contact 18 and is located inside the tubular space of the fixed permanent contact 16.

Par conséquent, selon ce premier mode de réalisation, le contact d'arc mobile 22 est directement raccordé électriquement au contact permanent mobile 20.Therefore, according to this first embodiment, the movable arcing contact 22 is directly electrically connected to the movable permanent contact 20.

Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation représenté aux figures 3A à 3D, l'ampoule à vide 24 est associée à la deuxième paire de contacts 14, elle est ainsi agencée entre le contact permanent mobile 20 et le contact d'arc mobile 22 et elle est située à l'intérieur de l'espace tubulaire du contact permanent mobile 20.According to a second embodiment shown in Figures 3A to 3D , the vacuum interrupter 24 is associated with the second pair of contacts 14, it is thus arranged between the movable permanent contact 20 and the movable arcing contact 22 and is located inside the tubular space of the contact mobile standing 20.

Par conséquent, selon ce deuxième mode de réalisation, le contact d'arc fixe 18 est directement raccordé électriquement au contact permanent fixe 16.Therefore, according to this second embodiment, the fixed arc contact 18 is directly electrically connected to the fixed permanent contact 16.

Le sectionneur 10 est réalisé de manière telle que lors d'une phase de fermeture, le contact permanent mobile 20 se déplace axialement vers le contact permanent fixe 16, c'est-à-dire ici selon une translation longitudinale vers l'amont. Le contact d'arc mobile 22 est entraîné en translation par le contact permanent mobile 20.The disconnector 10 is made such that during a closing phase, the moving permanent contact 20 moves axially towards the fixed permanent contact 16, that is to say here in a longitudinal translation upstream. The moving arcing contact 22 is driven in translation by the moving permanent contact 20.

Dans un premier temps de la phase de fermeture, le contact d'arc mobile 22 vient en contact avec le contact d'arc fixe 18. Dans un deuxième temps, l'ampoule à vide 24 se ferme. Dans un troisième temps, le contact permanent mobile 20 vient en contact avec le contact permanent fixe 16.In the first phase of the closing phase, the movable arcing contact 22 comes into contact with the fixed arcing contact 18. In a second step, the vacuum interrupter 24 closes. In a third step, the moving permanent contact 20 comes into contact with the fixed permanent contact 16.

Selon l'invention, le contact d'arc 18, 22 de chaque paire de contacts 12, 14 est monté mobile en coulissement axialement par rapport au contact permanent 16, 20 associé de la même paire de contacts 12, 14 entre une position éloignée axialement du contact permanent 16, 20 associé et une position rapprochée axialement du contact permanent 16, 20 associé.According to the invention, the arcing contact 18, 22 of each pair of contacts 12, 14 is mounted to slide axially relative to the permanent contact 16, 20 associated with the same pair of contacts 12, 14 between an axially remote position. of the associated permanent contact 16, 20 and an axially close position of the permanent contact 16, 20 associated.

Ainsi, le contact d'arc fixe 18 est mobile axialement entre une position axiale aval et une position axiale amont par rapport au contact permanent fixe 16 et le contact d'arc mobile 22 est mobile axialement entre une position axiale aval et une position axiale amont par rapport au contact permanent mobile 20.Thus, the fixed arcing contact 18 is axially movable between a downstream axial position and an axial position upstream relative to the fixed permanent contact 16 and the movable arcing contact 22 is axially movable between a downstream axial position and an upstream axial position. relative to the moving permanent contact 20.

De préférence, le contact d'arc 18, 22 qui est associé à l'ampoule à vide 24, c'est-à-dire ici le contact d'arc fixe 18, est solidaire du conducteur mobile 28 de l'ampoule à vide 24.Preferably, the arcing contact 18, 22 which is associated with the vacuum interrupter 24, that is to say here the fixed arcing contact 18, is integral with the movable conductor 28 of the vacuum interrupter 24.

Ainsi, lorsque le contact d'arc fixe 18 se déplace vers l'amont par rapport au contact permanent fixe 16, il entraîne le conducteur mobile 28 de l'ampoule à vide 24 vers l'amont, pour fermer l'ampoule à vide 24.Thus, when the fixed arcing contact 18 moves upstream relative to the fixed permanent contact 16, it drives the mobile conductor 28 of the vacuum bulb 24 upstream, to close the vacuum interrupter 24. .

Chaque paire de contacts 12, 14 comporte aussi des moyens élastiques d'entraînement du contact d'arc 18, 22 vers sa position éloignée du contact permanent associé.Each pair of contacts 12, 14 also comprises elastic means for driving the arcing contact 18, 22 towards its position remote from the associated permanent contact.

La première paire de contacts 12 comporte ainsi un premier moyen élastique 32, consistant ici en un ressort hélicoïdal de compression, d'entraînement du contact d'arc fixe vers sa position aval par rapport au contact permanent fixe 16 et la deuxième paire de contacts 14 comporte un deuxième moyen élastique 34, consistant ici aussi en un ressort hélicoïdal de compression, d'entraînement du contact d'arc mobile 22 vers sa position amont par rapport au contact permanent mobile 20.The first pair of contacts 12 thus comprises a first elastic means 32, consisting here of a helical compression spring, which fixed arcing contact to its downstream position relative to the fixed permanent contact 16 and the second pair of contacts 14 comprises a second elastic means 34, also consisting here of a helical compression spring, driving the moving arcing contact 22 towards its upstream position relative to the moving permanent contact 20.

Chaque moyen élastique 32, 34 est relié au contact d'arc 18, 22 et au contact permanent associé 16, 20.Each elastic means 32, 34 is connected to the arcing contact 18, 22 and the associated permanent contact 16, 20.

Ici, le moyen élastique 32, 34 est comprimé axialement entre le contact d'arc 18, 22 et le contact permanent associé 16, 20,Here, the elastic means 32, 34 is compressed axially between the arcing contact 18, 22 and the associated permanent contact 16, 20,

Comme on l'a dit plus haut, le contact d'arc fixe 18 est solidaire du conducteur mobile 28 de l'ampoule à vide 24. Par conséquent, le premier ressort élastique 32 réalise l'entraînement du conducteur mobile 28 vers sa position éloignée du conducteur fixe 26, c'est-à-dire vers une position d'ouverture de l'ampoule à vide 24.As mentioned above, the fixed arcing contact 18 is integral with the movable conductor 28 of the vacuum interrupter 24. Therefore, the first elastic spring 32 carries the driving of the movable conductor 28 towards its remote position fixed conductor 26, that is to say towards an open position of the vacuum interrupter 24.

Selon un autre aspect des moyens élastiques, la raideur du ressort 32, qui est associé à la paire de contacts 12 qui est elle-même associée à l'ampoule à vide 24, est inférieure à la raideur de l'autre ressort 34.According to another aspect of the elastic means, the stiffness of the spring 32, which is associated with the pair of contacts 12 which is itself associated with the vacuum bottle 24, is lower than the stiffness of the other spring 34.

C'est-à-dire, ici, que la raideur du premier ressort 32 est inférieure à la raideur du deuxième ressort 34.That is to say, here, that the stiffness of the first spring 32 is lower than the stiffness of the second spring 34.

Le sectionneur 10 comporte aussi des moyens pour court-circuiter 36 l'ampoule à vide 24 lorsque le sectionneur 10 est ouvert, c'est-à-dire lorsque les contacts de la deuxième paire de contacts 14 ne sont pas connectés électriquement aux contacts de la première paire de contacts 12.The disconnector 10 also comprises means for short-circuiting the vacuum interrupter 24 when the disconnector 10 is open, that is to say when the contacts of the second pair of contacts 14 are not electrically connected to the contacts of the first pair of contacts 12.

Ces moyens de court-circuit 36 permettent de raccorder directement le contact d'arc 18 au contact permanent 16 associé, afin de mettre le contact d'arc 18 au même potentiel électrique que le contact permanent 16, après l'ouverture du sectionneur 10.These short-circuit means 36 make it possible to directly connect the arcing contact 18 to the associated permanent contact 16, in order to put the arcing contact 18 at the same electrical potential as the permanent contact 16, after opening the disconnector 10.

Ces moyens de court-circuit sont en outre réalisés de manière qu'ils ne raccordent pas le contact d'arc 18 associé au contact permanent 16, lors de la fermeture ou l'ouverture du sectionneur 10.These short-circuit means are furthermore made in such a way that they do not connect the arcing contact 18 associated with the permanent contact 16 when closing or opening the disconnector 10.

A cet effet, les moyens de court-circuit 36 sont aptes à être actionnés par un contact 20, 22 de la deuxième paire de contacts 14 pour que le contact soit rompu à partir d'une certaine position des contacts 20, 22 de la deuxième paire de contacts 14.For this purpose, the short-circuit means 36 are able to be actuated by a contact 20, 22 of the second pair of contacts 14 so that the contact is broken from a certain position of the contacts 20, 22 of the second pair of contacts 14.

Selon le premier mode de réalisation de l'invention représenté aux figures 1 à 2D, l'ampoule à vide 24 est associée à la première paire de contacts 12. Les moyens de court-circuit 36 sont réalisés pour raccorder le contact d'arc fixe 18 au contact permanent fixe 16, comme on peut le voir à la figure 1.According to the first embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 1 to 2D , the vacuum interrupter 24 is associated with the first pair of contacts 12. The short-circuiting means 36 are made to connect the fixed arcing contact 18 to the fixed permanent contact 16, as can be seen in FIG. figure 1 .

Ici, les moyens de court-circuit 36 comportent un élément 38 annulaire qui est monté coulissant axialement par rapport au contact permanent 16 et qui est raccordé électriquement de manière permanente au contact d'arc fixe 18.Here, the short-circuit means 36 comprise an annular element 38 which is mounted to slide axially with respect to the permanent contact 16 and which is permanently electrically connected to the fixed arcing contact 18.

Un troisième ressort 40 est comprimé entre une collerette 42 fixée au contact d'arc fixe 18 et l'élément annulaire 38 pour entraîner l'élément annulaire 38 vers une position aval, dans laquelle l'élément annulaire 38 est en contact avec le contact permanent fixe 16.A third spring 40 is compressed between a flange 42 fixed to the stationary arc contact 18 and the annular element 38 to drive the element annular 38 to a downstream position, in which the annular element 38 is in contact with the fixed permanent contact 16.

Le troisième ressort 40 et la collerette 42 sont conducteurs électriques, pour raccorder électriquement le contact d'arc fixe 18 à l'élément annulaire 38.The third spring 40 and the flange 42 are electrically conductive, for electrically connecting the fixed arcing contact 18 to the annular element 38.

L'élément annulaire 38 est apte à être déconnecté du contact permanent fixe 16 sous l'action du contact permanent mobile 20.The annular element 38 is able to be disconnected from the fixed permanent contact 16 under the action of the moving permanent contact 20.

Le contact permanent mobile 20 comporte à cet effet un poussoir 44 en matériau isolant par l'intermédiaire duquel il exerce sur l'élément annulaire 38 une action orientée vers l'amont, qui s'oppose à l'action exercée par le troisième ressort 40 sur l'élément annulaire 38.The mobile permanent contact 20 comprises for this purpose a pusher 44 of insulating material through which it exerts on the annular element 38 an action directed upstream, which opposes the action exerted by the third spring 40 on the annular element 38.

On a représenté aux figures 1 à 2D différents états successifs du sectionneur 10 lors d'une étape de fermeture du sectionneur 10.Representatives Figures 1 to 2D different successive states of the disconnector 10 during a closing step of the disconnector 10.

A la figure 1, le sectionneur 10 est représenté dans un état ouvert. Les contacts 20, 22 de la deuxième paire de contacts 14 sont situés à distance, en aval des contacts 16, 18 de la première paire de contacts 12.To the figure 1 the disconnector 10 is shown in an open state. The contacts 20, 22 of the second pair of contacts 14 are located remotely, downstream of the contacts 16, 18 of the first pair of contacts 12.

Le contact d'arc mobile 22 est maintenu dans sa position aval à distance du contact permanent mobile 20 par le deuxième ressort 34.The moving arcing contact 22 is maintained in its downstream position away from the moving permanent contact 20 by the second spring 34.

Le contact d'arc fixe 18 est maintenu dans sa position amont à distance du contact permanent fixe 16 par le premier ressort 32, l'ampoule à vide 24 est maintenue en position ouverte par le premier ressort 32.The fixed arcing contact 18 is maintained in its upstream position away from the fixed permanent contact 16 by the first spring 32, the vacuum bulb 24 is held in open position by the first spring 32.

Les moyens de court-circuit 36 raccordent électriquement le contact d'arc fixe 18 au contact permanent fixe 16.The short-circuit means 36 electrically connect the fixed arcing contact 18 to the fixed permanent contact 16.

Lors de la fermeture du sectionneur 10, le contact permanent mobile 20 se déplace vers l'amont, c'est-à-dire ici vers la gauche.When closing the disconnector 10, the moving permanent contact 20 moves upstream, that is to say here to the left.

Dans un premier temps représenté à la figure 2A, le poussoir 44 vient en contact avec l'élément annulaire 38.Initially represented at the Figure 2A the pusher 44 comes into contact with the annular element 38.

Ce premier temps est défini de manière que le contact du poussoir 44 avec l'élément annulaire 38 s'effectue avant que le contact d'arc mobile 22 ne vienne en contact avec le contact d'arc fixe 18 et avant que le contact permanent mobile 20 ne vienne en contact avec le contact permanent fixe 16.This first time is defined so that the contact of the pusher 44 with the annular element 38 is effected before the moving arcing contact 22 comes into contact with the fixed arcing contact 18 and before the moving permanent contact. 20 does not come into contact with the fixed permanent contact 16.

Ensuite, le contact permanent mobile 20 et le contact d'arc mobile 22 continuent leur déplacement vers l'amont, entraînant l'élément annulaire 38 qui se déconnecte du contact permanent fixe 16, de sorte que le contact d'arc fixe 18 n'est plus raccordé au contact permanent fixe 16.Then, the movable permanent contact 20 and the movable arcing contact 22 continue their upstream movement, driving the annular element 38 which disconnects from the fixed permanent contact 16, so that the fixed arcing contact 18 is more connected to the permanent fixed contact 16.

Dans un deuxième temps représenté à la figure 2B, le contact d'arc mobile 22 vient en contact avec le contact d'arc fixe 18.In a second time represented at the Figure 2B the movable arcing contact 22 comes into contact with the fixed arcing contact 18.

Le contact d'arc fixe 18 est alors au même potentiel électrique que les contacts 20, 22 de la deuxième paire de contacts 14.The fixed arcing contact 18 is then at the same electrical potential as the contacts 20, 22 of the second pair of contacts 14.

De plus, le contact d'arc mobile 22 est en butée axialement vers l'amont contre le contact d'arc fixe 18. Aussi, les contacts d'arc 18, 22 sont pressés l'un contre l'autre par le premier ressort 32 et le deuxième ressort 34. Ainsi, les contacts d'arc 18, 22 sont solidaires en déplacement axial vers l'amont.In addition, the movable arcing contact 22 is in abutment axially upstream against the arcing contact. fixed 18. Also, the arcing contacts 18, 22 are pressed against each other by the first spring 32 and the second spring 34. Thus, the arcing contacts 18, 22 are integral in axial displacement towards the earth. upstream.

Comme on l'a dit précédemment, la raideur du premier ressort 32 est inférieure à la raideur du deuxième ressort 34. Ainsi, lorsque le contact permanent mobile 20 continue sa course vers l'amont, c'est le premier ressort 32 qui se comprime en premier.As has been said previously, the stiffness of the first spring 32 is less than the stiffness of the second spring 34. Thus, when the moving permanent contact 20 continues its upstream travel, it is the first spring 32 which is compressed. first.

Par conséquent, dans un troisième temps, correspondant à la transition de l'état représenté à la figure 2B à l'état représenté à la figure 2C, le contact d'arc fixe 18 se déplace vers l'amont par rapport au contact permanent fixe 16 de manière solidaire au contact d'arc mobile 22 et au contact permanent mobile 20.Therefore, in a third step, corresponding to the transition from the state represented to the Figure 2B in the state shown in Figure 2C the fixed arcing contact 18 moves upstream with respect to the fixed permanent contact 16 in solidarity with the movable arcing contact 22 and with the moving permanent contact 20.

Le conducteur mobile 28 de l'ampoule à vide 24 se déplace lui aussi vers l'amont, jusqu'à venir en contact avec le conducteur fixe 26, fermant ainsi l'ampoule à vide 24, comme on l'a représenté à la figure 2C.The movable conductor 28 of the vacuum interrupter 24 also moves upstream, until it comes into contact with the fixed conductor 26, thus closing the vacuum interrupter 24, as shown in FIG. Figure 2C .

Dans cette position représentée à le figure 2C, l'ampoule à vide 24 est fermée et les contacts d'arc 18, 22 sont en contact l'un avec l'autre, de manière telle que le courant électrique peut circuler au travers du sectionneur 10.In this position represented in Figure 2C , the vacuum bottle 24 is closed and the arcing contacts 18, 22 are in contact with each other, so that the electric current can flow through the disconnector 10.

De plus, le conducteur mobile 28 de l'ampoule à vide 24 est en butée axialement vers l'amont contre le conducteur fixe 26.In addition, the movable conductor 28 of the vacuum interrupter 24 is in abutment axially upstream against the fixed conductor 26.

Le conducteur mobile 28, et par conséquent le contact d'arc fixe 18 et le contact d'arc mobile 22, sont eux aussi en butée axiale vers l'amont, ils ne peuvent pas se déplacer davantage vers l'amont.The movable conductor 28, and therefore the fixed arcing contact 18 and the movable arcing contact 22, are also in axial stop upstream, they can not move further upstream.

Ainsi, seul le contact permanent mobile 20 est apte à se déplacer vers l'amont, comprimant alors le deuxième ressort 34, jusqu'à ce qu'il vienne en contact avec le contact permanent fixe 16, comme représenté à la figure 2D.Thus, only the moving permanent contact 20 is able to move upstream, then compressing the second spring 34, until it comes into contact with the fixed permanent contact 16, as shown in FIG. 2D figure .

Le sectionneur 10 est alors fermé, le courant circulant par l'intermédiaire des contacts permanents 16, 20.The disconnector 10 is then closed, the current flowing through the permanent contacts 16, 20.

L'ouverture du sectionneur 10 s'effectue par un déplacement inverse du contact permanent mobile 20, c'est-à-dire vers l'aval, et correspond à la succession d'états depuis l'état représenté à la figure 2D jusqu'à l'état représenté à la figure 1.The opening of the disconnector 10 is effected by an inverse displacement of the moving permanent contact 20, that is to say downstream, and corresponds to the succession of states since the state represented in FIG. 2D figure up to the state represented at figure 1 .

Dans un premier temps de l'ouverture, correspondant à la transition de l'état représenté à la figure 2D à l'état représenté à la figure 2C, le contact permanent mobile 20 se sépare du contact permanent fixe 16.At first of the opening, corresponding to the transition of the state represented at the 2D figure in the state shown in Figure 2C the moving permanent contact 20 separates from the fixed permanent contact 16.

Le deuxième ressort 34 se détend progressivement, maintenant l'ampoule à vide 24 fermée et le contact électrique entre le contact d'arc mobile 22 et le contact d'arc fixe 18.The second spring 34 gradually relaxes, keeping the vacuum bottle 24 closed and the electrical contact between the movable arcing contact 22 and the fixed arcing contact 18.

Dans un deuxième temps de l'ouverture, correspondant à la transition de l'état représenté à la figure 2C à l'état représenté à la figure 2B, le contact d'arc mobile 22 est dans sa position amont par rapport au contact permanent mobile 20.In a second time of the opening, corresponding to the transition of the state represented in the Figure 2C in the state shown in Figure 2B the movable arcing contact 22 is in its upstream position with respect to the movable permanent contact 20.

Le premier ressort 32 se détend de manière que l'ampoule à vide 24 s'ouvre jusqu'à ce que le contact d'arc fixe 18 arrive à sa position aval par rapport au contact permanent fixe 16.The first spring 32 expands so that the vacuum bulb 24 opens until the fixed arcing contact 18 arrives at its downstream position relative to the fixed permanent contact 16.

Dans un troisième temps de l'ouverture, correspondant à la transition de l'état représenté à la figure 2B à l'état représenté à la figure 2A, le contact d'arc mobile 22 se sépare du contact d'arc fixe 18. Les contacts 20, 22 de la deuxième paire de contacts 14 ne sont plus raccordés électriquement aux contacts 16, 18 de la première paire de contacts 12, le sectionneur 10 est alors ouvert.In a third time of the opening, corresponding to the transition from the state represented to the Figure 2B in the state shown in Figure 2A the movable arcing contact 22 separates from the fixed arcing contact 18. The contacts 20, 22 of the second pair of contacts 14 are no longer electrically connected to the contacts 16, 18 of the first pair of contacts 12, the disconnector 10 is then open.

Aussi, l'élément annulaire est entraîné par le troisième ressort 40 vers sa position aval court-circuitant l'ampoule à vide, de manière que le contact d'arc fixe 18 est raccordé au contact permanent fixe 16 et est au même potentiel électrique.Also, the annular element is driven by the third spring 40 to its downstream position bypassing the vacuum bulb, so that the fixed arcing contact 18 is connected to the fixed permanent contact 16 and is at the same electrical potential.

Dans un quatrième temps de l'ouverture, correspondant à la transition de l'état représenté à la figure 2A à l'état représenté à la figure 1, le contact entre le poussoir isolant 44 et l'élément annulaire 38 est rompu, le sectionneur 10 est dans sa position ouverte de repos.In a fourth time of the opening, corresponding to the transition of the state represented in the Figure 2A in the state shown in figure 1 , the contact between the insulating pusher 44 and the annular element 38 is broken, the disconnector 10 is in its open position of rest.

On a représenté aux figures 3A à 3D un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention selon lequel l'ampoule à vide 24 est associée à la deuxième paire de contacts 14.Representatives Figures 3A to 3D a second embodiment of the invention according to which the vacuum interrupter 24 is associated with the second pair of contacts 14.

Par conséquent, le contact d'arc mobile 22 est raccordé au contact permanent mobile 20 par l'intermédiaire de l'ampoule à vide 24 et le contact d'arc fixe 18 est raccordé directement au contact permanent fixe 16.Therefore, the movable arcing contact 22 is connected to the movable permanent contact 20 via the vacuum interrupter 24 and the fixed arcing contact 18 is directly connected to the fixed permanent contact 16.

Selon ce deuxième mode de réalisation, la raideur du deuxième ressort 34, qui entraîne le contact d'arc mobile 22 vers sa position amont par rapport au contact permanent mobile 20, est inférieure à la raideur du premier ressort 32, qui entraîne le contact d'arc fixe 18 vers sa position aval par rapport au contact permanent fixe 16.According to this second embodiment, the stiffness of the second spring 34, which causes the movable arcing contact 22 to its upstream position relative to the movable permanent contact 20, is less than the stiffness of the first spring 32, which causes the contact fixed arc 18 towards its downstream position relative to the fixed permanent contact 16.

Les moyens de court-circuit 36 de l'ampoule à vide 24 sont associés à la deuxième paire de contacts 14, ils comportent ici une lame métallique 46 solidaire du contact d'arc mobile 22.The short-circuiting means 36 of the vacuum interrupter 24 are associated with the second pair of contacts 14, they comprise here a metal plate 46 integral with the movable arcing contact 22.

La lame métallique 46 est apte à venir en contact avec un conducteur 48 associé qui est raccordé électriquement et fixé à un élément fixe 50 du sectionneur 10 qui est raccordé électriquement au contact permanent mobile 20.The metal blade 46 is able to come into contact with an associated conductor 48 which is electrically connected and fixed to a fixed element 50 of the disconnector 10 which is electrically connected to the movable permanent contact 20.

Une opération de fermeture du sectionneur 10 selon le deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention sera décrite en faisant successivement référence aux figures 3A à 3D.A closing operation of the disconnector 10 according to the second embodiment of the invention will be described by successively making reference to Figures 3A to 3D .

L'état représenté à la figure 3A correspond à un état ouvert du sectionneur 10.The state represented in figure 3A corresponds to an open state of the disconnector 10.

Dans un premier temps de l'opération de fermeture du sectionneur 10, correspondant à la transition entre l'état représenté à la figure 3A et l'état représenté à la figure 3B, la deuxième paire de contacts 14 se déplace axialement vers l'amont.In a first step of the closing operation of the disconnector 10, corresponding to the transition between the state represented in FIG. figure 3A and the state represented at figure 3B the second pair of contacts 14 moves axially upstream.

La languette métallique 46 des moyens de court-circuit 36 se déconnecte du conducteur 48 associé, le contact d'arc mobile 22 n'est alors plus raccordé électriquement au contact permanent mobile 20.The metal tab 46 of the short-circuit means 36 is disconnected from the associated conductor 48, the moving arcing contact 22 is then no longer electrically connected to the movable permanent contact 20.

A l'issue de cette première phase, comme représenté à la figure 3B, le contact d'arc mobile 22 vient en contact avec le contact d'arc fixe 18.At the end of this first phase, as shown in figure 3B the movable arcing contact 22 comes into contact with the fixed arcing contact 18.

Par la suite, dans un deuxième temps de l'opération de fermeture du sectionneur 10, correspondant à la transition entre l'état représenté à la figure 3B et l'état représenté à la figure 3C, le contact permanent mobile 20 poursuit sa course, tandis que le contact d'arc mobile 22 est en butée axialement contre le contact d'arc fixe 18.Subsequently, in a second step of the closing operation of the disconnector 10, corresponding to the transition between the state shown in FIG. figure 3B and the state represented at figure 3C the moving permanent contact 20 continues its course, while the movable arcing contact 22 is axially abutting against the fixed arcing contact 18.

La raideur du premier ressort 32 étant supérieure à la raideur du deuxième ressort 34, le deuxième ressort 34 qui se comprime de manière que le contact d'arc fixe 18 et le contact d'arc mobile 22 restent immobiles.The stiffness of the first spring 32 being greater than the stiffness of the second spring 34, the second spring 34 which is compressed so that the fixed arcing contact 18 and the movable arcing contact 22 remain stationary.

Aussi, le contact d'arc mobile 22 se déplace axialement vers l'aval par rapport au contact permanent mobile 20.Also, the movable arcing contact 22 moves axially downstream with respect to the moving permanent contact 20.

Le conducteur mobile 26 de l'ampoule à vide 24 se déplace dans l'enceinte 30 pour venir en contact avec le conducteur fixe 28.The mobile conductor 26 of the vacuum interrupter 24 moves in the enclosure 30 to come into contact with the fixed conductor 28.

A l'issue de ce deuxième temps, comme on peut le voir à la figure 3C, le conducteur mobile 26 de l'ampoule à vide 24 est en contact avec le conducteur fixe 28. L'ampoule à vide 24 est par conséquent fermée.At the end of this second stage, as can be seen in figure 3C , the movable conductor 26 of the vacuum bottle 24 is in contact with the fixed conductor 28. The vacuum bottle 24 is therefore closed.

De plus, le conducteur mobile 26 de l'ampoule à vide 24 est en butée contre le conducteur fixe 28, de manière que le contact d'arc mobile 22 est dans sa position aval par rapport au contact permanent mobile 20.In addition, the mobile conductor 26 of the vacuum interrupter 24 is in abutment with the fixed conductor 28, so that the moving arcing contact 22 is in its downstream position relative to the moving permanent contact 20.

Dans un troisième temps de l'opération de fermeture du sectionneur 10, correspondant à la transition entre l'état représenté à la figure 3C et l'état représenté à la figure 3D, le contact permanent mobile 20 continue sa course vers l'amont, entraînant le contact d'arc mobile 22, le contact d'arc fixe 18 et l'ampoule à vide 24 qui est fermée.In a third step of the closing operation of the disconnector 10, corresponding to the transition between the state represented in FIG. figure 3C and the state represented at 3D figure the movable permanent contact 20 continues its upstream travel, causing the movable arcing contact 22, the fixed arcing contact 18 and the vacuum interrupter 24 which is closed.

Le premier ressort 32 se comprime alors pour permettre le déplacement vers l'amont du contact d'arc fixe 18.The first spring 32 then compresses to allow the upstream displacement of the fixed arc contact 18.

A l'issue de ce troisième temps, comme représenté à la figure 3D, le contact permanent mobile 20 est en contact avec le contact permanent fixe 16. Le sectionneur 10 est par conséquent fermé.At the end of this third time, as shown in 3D figure the moving permanent contact 20 is in contact with the fixed permanent contact 16. The disconnector 10 is therefore closed.

L'ouverture du sectionneur 10 s'effectue par un déplacement inverse du contact permanent mobile 20, c'est-à-dire vers l'aval, et correspond à l'enchainement des états représentés aux figures 3D à 3A.The opening of the disconnector 10 is effected by an inverse displacement of the moving permanent contact 20, that is to say downstream, and corresponds to the sequence of the states represented in FIGS. 3D figures at 3A .

Dans un premier temps de l'ouverture, correspondant à la transition de l'état représenté à la figure 3D à l'état représenté à la figure 3C, le contact permanent mobile 20 se sépare du contact permanent fixe 16.At first of the opening, corresponding to the transition of the state represented at the 3D figure in the state shown in figure 3C the moving permanent contact 20 separates from the fixed permanent contact 16.

Le premier ressort 32 se détend progressivement, maintenant l'ampoule à vide 24 fermée, ainsi que le contact électrique entre le contact d'arc mobile 22 et le contact d'arc fixe 18.The first spring 32 gradually relaxes, keeping the vacuum bulb 24 closed, as well as the electrical contact between the movable arcing contact 22 and the fixed arcing contact 18.

Dans un deuxième temps de l'ouverture, correspondant à la transition de l'état représenté à la figure 3C à l'état représenté à la figure 3B, le contact d'arc fixe 18 est dans sa position aval par rapport au contact permanent fixe 16, c'est alors le deuxième ressort 34 qui se détend de manière que l'ampoule à vide 24 s'ouvre jusqu'à ce que le contact d'arc mobile 22 arrive à sa position amont par rapport au contact permanent mobile 20.In a second time of the opening, corresponding to the transition of the state represented in the figure 3C in the state shown in figure 3B , the fixed arcing contact 18 is in its downstream position relative to the fixed permanent contact 16, it is then the second spring 34 which expands so that the vacuum interrupter 24 opens until the contact moving bow 22 arrives at its upstream position relative to the moving permanent contact 20.

Dans un troisième temps de l'ouverture, correspondant à la transition de l'état représenté à la figure 2B à l'état représenté à la figure 2A, le contact d'arc mobile 22 se sépare du contact d'arc fixe 18, les contacts 20, 22 de la deuxième paire de contacts 14 ne sont plus raccordés électriquement aux contacts 16, 18 de la première paire de contacts 12, le sectionneur 10 est alors ouvert.In a third time of the opening, corresponding to the transition from the state represented to the Figure 2B in the state shown in Figure 2A the movable arcing contact 22 separates from the fixed arcing contact 18, the contacts 20, 22 of the second pair of contacts 14 are no longer electrically connected to the contacts 16, 18 of the first pair of contacts 12, the disconnector 10 is then open.

Aussi, la lame métallique 46 des moyens de court-circuit vient en contact avec le conducteur 48, court-circuitant l'ampoule à vide 24, de manière que le contact d'arc fixe 18 est raccordé au contact permanent fixe 16 et est au même potentiel électrique.Also, the metal blade 46 of the short circuit means comes into contact with the conductor 48, short-circuiting the vacuum bulb 24, so that the fixed arcing contact 18 is connected to the fixed permanent contact 16 and is same electric potential.

Selon une variante de réalisation non représentée, la paire de contacts 12, 14 associée à l'ampoule à vide 24 ne comporte pas de moyens élastiques d'entraînement du contact d'arc 18, 22 vers sa position éloignée du contact permanent associé.According to an alternative embodiment not shown, the pair of contacts 12, 14 associated with the vacuum interrupter 24 does not include elastic means for driving the arcing contact 18, 22 to its position away from the associated permanent contact.

Selon cette variante de réalisation, l'ampoule à vide entraîne le contact d'arc 18, 22 associé vers sa position rapprochée du contact permanent associé.According to this variant embodiment, the vacuum interrupter causes the associated arcing contact 18, 22 towards its position close to the associated permanent contact.

En effet, du fait du vide présent à l'intérieur de l'ampoule à vide 24, le conducteur mobile 28 de l'ampoule à vide 24 est entraîné par ce vide en direction du conducteur fixe 26.Indeed, because of the vacuum present inside the vacuum bottle 24, the driver mobile 28 of the vacuum bulb 24 is driven by this vacuum towards the fixed conductor 26.

Par conséquent, lorsque les contacts 20, 22 de la deuxième paire de contacts 14 sont dans leur position aval déconnectée, le contact d'arc mobile 22 est raccordé électriquement au contact permanent mobile 20.Therefore, when the contacts 20, 22 of the second pair of contacts 14 are in their disconnected downstream position, the movable arcing contact 22 is electrically connected to the movable permanent contact 20.

Lors d'une opération de fermeture du sectionneur 10, dans une première étape, le contact d'arc mobile 22 vient en contact avec le contact d'arc fixe 18, puis, dans une étape postérieure, le contact permanent mobile 20 vient en contact avec le contact permanent fixe 16, fermant ainsi le sectionneur 10.During a closing operation of the disconnector 10, in a first step, the movable arcing contact 22 comes into contact with the fixed arcing contact 18, then, in a subsequent step, the moving permanent contact 20 comes into contact with the fixed permanent contact 16, thus closing the disconnector 10.

Lors de cette opération de fermeture, selon cette variante de réalisation de l'invention, le contact d'arc mobile 22 est raccordé électriquement en permanence avec le contact permanent mobile 20 par l'intermédiaire de l'ampoule à vide 24.During this closing operation, according to this embodiment of the invention, the movable arcing contact 22 is permanently electrically connected to the movable permanent contact 20 via the vacuum interrupter 24.

Lorsque le contact d'arc mobile vient en contact avec le contact d'arc fixe 18, la formation d'un arc électrique est limitée par le gaz contenu dans l'enceinte.When the movable arcing contact comes into contact with the fixed arcing contact 18, the formation of an electric arc is limited by the gas contained in the enclosure.

Lors d'une opération d'ouverture du sectionneur 10, comme on l'a dit précédemment, le contact entre le contact permanent mobile 20 et le contact permanent fixe 16 est rompu avant la rupture de contact entre le contact d'arc mobile 22 et le contact d'arc fixe 18.During an opening operation of the disconnector 10, as previously mentioned, the contact between the movable permanent contact 20 and the fixed permanent contact 16 is broken before the contact break between the movable arcing contact 22 and the fixed arc contact 18.

Aussi, le contact enter les conducteurs 26, 28 de l'ampoule à vide est rompu avant la rupture de contact entre le contact d'arc mobile 22 et le contact d'arc fixe 18, empêchant la formation d'un arc électrique entre le contact d'arc mobile 22 et le contact d'arc fixe 18.Also, the contact between the conductors 26, 28 of the vacuum interrupter is broken before the rupture of contact between the movable arcing contact 22 and the contact fixed arc 18, preventing the formation of an electric arc between the movable arcing contact 22 and the fixed arcing contact 18.

A cet effet, selon un autre aspect de cette variante, le sectionneur 10 comporte des moyens pour maintenir le contact entre le contact d'arc mobile 22 et le contact d'arc fixe 18 tant que l'ampoule à vide est fermée.For this purpose, according to another aspect of this variant, the disconnector 10 comprises means for maintaining the contact between the movable arcing contact 22 and the fixed arcing contact 18 as long as the vacuum interrupter is closed.

Ainsi, Dans un premier temps de l'ouverture du sectionneur 10, le contact permanent mobile 20 se sépare du contact permanent fixe 16, dans un deuxième temps, l'ampoule à vide s'ouvre, rompant par conséquent le contact électrique entre les deux paires de contacts 12, 14 et dans un troisième temps, le contact entre le contact d'arc mobile 22 et le contact d'arc fixe 18 est rompu.Thus, in a first step of opening the disconnector 10, the movable permanent contact 20 separates from the fixed permanent contact 16, in a second step, the vacuum interrupter opens, thereby breaking the electrical contact between the two pairs of contacts 12, 14 and in a third step, the contact between the movable arcing contact 22 and the fixed arcing contact 18 is broken.

A l'issue de ce troisième temps, l'ampoule à vide revient d'elle même dans sa position de fermeture du fait du vide présent à l'intérieur de celle-ci.At the end of this third time, the vacuum interrupter returns to its closed position because of the vacuum present inside it.

Il sera compris que cette variante de réalisation concerne un sectionneur 10 pour lequel l'ampoule à vide 24 est associée à la première paire de contacts 12 ou à la deuxième paire de contacts 14.It will be understood that this variant embodiment relates to a disconnector 10 for which the vacuum interrupter 24 is associated with the first pair of contacts 12 or the second pair of contacts 14.

Claims (14)

  1. A disconnecting switch (10) for a medium, high or very high voltage gas isolation facility
    which includes a first pair of contacts (12) and a second pair of contacts (14), whereof each pair of contacts (12, 14) includes an associated permanent contact (16, 20) and an associated arc contact (18, 22),
    the contacts (20, 22) of the second pair of contacts (14) being translationally movable longitudinally with respect to the contacts (16, 18) of the first pair of contacts (12) between a disconnected upstream position, an intermediate position in which only the arc contacts (18, 22) of both pairs of contacts (12, 14) are in electric contact and a closed upstream position in which the arc contacts (18, 22) and the permanent contacts (16, 20) of both pairs of contacts (12, 14) are in electric contact with each other,
    the disconnecting switch (10) including a vacuum bulb (24) which is associated with one of the two pairs of contacts (12, 14) so that the arc contact (18, 22) of said pair of contacts (12, 14) is electrically connected to the associated permanent contact (16, 20) via the vacuum bulb (24),
    characterized in that the arc contact (18, 22) of each pair of contacts (12, 14) is mounted so as to be translationally movable longitudinally with respect to the associated permanent contact (16, 20) between a position brought closer to the associated permanent contact (16, 20) and a position away from the associated permanent contact (16, 20).
  2. The disconnecting switch (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that each pair of contacts (12, 14) includes elastic means (32, 34) for driving the arc contact (18, 22) of said pair of contacts (12, 14) towards the position away from the associated permanent contact (16, 20).
  3. The disconnecting switch (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that the stiffness of the elastic means (32, 34) of the pair of contacts (12, 14) with which the vacuum bulb (24) is associated is less than the stiffness of the elastic means (34, 32) of the other pair of contacts (14, 12).
  4. The disconnecting switch (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the vacuum bulb (24) is able to drive the arc contact (18, 22) of the pair of contacts (12, 14) with which the vacuum bulb (24) is associated, towards the position brought closer to the associated permanent contact (16, 20).
  5. The disconnecting switch (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that the other pair of contacts (12, 14) includes elastic means (32, 34) for driving the arc contact (18, 22) of said pair of contacts (12, 14) towards the position away from the associated permanent contact (16, 20).
  6. The disconnecting switch (10) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that it includes means for maintaining the contact between the arc contacts of both pairs of contacts (12, 14) during an operation for opening the disconnecting switch, as long as the vacuum bulb (24) is closed.
  7. The disconnecting switch (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arc contact (18, 22) of the pair of contacts (12, 14) with which the vacuum bulb (24) is associated, is electrically connected to the permanent contact (16, 20) of said pair of contacts (12, 14) via the vacuum bulb (24).
  8. The disconnecting switch (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that the arc contact (22, 18) of the other pair of contacts (12, 14) is directly electrically connected to the permanent contact (20, 16) of said other pair of contacts (14, 12).
  9. The disconnecting switch (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arc contact (18, 22) of said pair of contacts (12, 14) with which the vacuum bulb (24) is associated, is secured to a conductor (28) of the vacuum bulb (24) and the permanent contact (16, 20) of said pair of contacts (12, 14) is secured to another conductor (26) of the vacuum bulb (24).
  10. The disconnecting switch (10) according to the preceding claim, combined with claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the elastic means associated with said pair of contacts (12, 14) with which the vacuum bulb (24) is associated, achieve the driving of the vacuum bulb (24) towards an open position.
  11. The disconnecting switch (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, combined with claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it includes means (36) for short-circuiting the vacuum bulb (24) when the arc contacts and the permanent contacts of both pairs of contacts (12, 14) are not in contact with each other, respectively.
  12. The disconnecting switch (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vacuum bulb (24) is associated with the first pair of contacts (12).
  13. The disconnecting switch (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the vacuum bulb (24) is associated with the second pair of contacts (14).
  14. The disconnecting switch (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the permanent contact (16, 20) of the pair of contacts (12, 14) with which the vacuum bulb (24) is associated, is of a tubular shape and in that the vacuum bulb (24) is arranged inside said permanent contact (16, 20).
EP12735882.8A 2011-07-21 2012-07-17 Disconnector for a gas-insulated installation comprising a vacuum bulb Active EP2735012B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1156613A FR2978290B1 (en) 2011-07-21 2011-07-21 DISCONNECT FOR A GAS INSULATING INSTALLATION COMPRISING A VACUUM BULB
PCT/EP2012/063964 WO2013011009A1 (en) 2011-07-21 2012-07-17 Isolator for a gas-insulated installation comprising a vacuum bulb

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2735012A1 EP2735012A1 (en) 2014-05-28
EP2735012B1 true EP2735012B1 (en) 2015-08-12

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12735882.8A Active EP2735012B1 (en) 2011-07-21 2012-07-17 Disconnector for a gas-insulated installation comprising a vacuum bulb

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EP (1) EP2735012B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2978290B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2013011009A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3001575B1 (en) * 2013-01-29 2015-03-20 Alstom Technology Ltd CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH MEANS REDUCING THE ARC SWITCH BETWEEN PERMANENT CONTACTS

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19859007A1 (en) * 1998-12-21 2000-06-29 Abb Patent Gmbh Load isolation switch has first contact point with fixed contact arrangement and movable contact arrangement in form of linearly movable thrust tube containing movable vacuum chamber
DE19955217A1 (en) * 1999-11-17 2001-05-23 Abb Patent Gmbh Load switch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2013011009A9 (en) 2013-06-13
EP2735012A1 (en) 2014-05-28
WO2013011009A1 (en) 2013-01-24
FR2978290A1 (en) 2013-01-25
WO2013011009A8 (en) 2014-01-09
FR2978290B1 (en) 2013-09-13

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