EP2729678B1 - Exhaust gas purification assembly - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates generally to the exhaust lines of motor vehicles.

• un conduit amont dans lequel est logé un premier organe de purification des gaz d'échappement ;
• un conduit aval dans lequel est logé un second organe de purification des gaz d'échappement, le conduit amont et le conduit aval étant disposés parallèlement l'un à l'autre ;
• un volume ayant une entrée de gaz d'échappement communiquant avec le conduit amont et une sortie de gaz d'échappement communiquant avec le conduit aval, une droite médiane divisant ladite entrée en des première et seconde zones offrant une même section de passage au gaz d'échappement.

More specifically, the invention relates to an exhaust gas purification assembly, the assembly being of the type comprising:

• an upstream duct in which is housed a first exhaust gas purification unit;
• a downstream duct in which is housed a second exhaust gas purification unit, the upstream duct and the downstream duct being arranged parallel to each other;
• a volume having an exhaust gas inlet communicating with the upstream duct and an exhaust gas outlet communicating with the downstream duct, a median straight line dividing said inlet into first and second zones having the same passage section to the exhaust gas; 'exhaust.

Such a purification set is known to DE 10 2009 056183 A1 and of DE 10 2010 014 037 . In these documents, the first and second exhaust gas purification members are arranged side by side, with their respective axes substantially parallel to one another. Such an arrangement is particularly compact. On the other hand, it is necessary to conform the volume connecting the upstream duct to the downstream duct so as to obtain a relatively uniform distribution of exhaust gases at the exit of the volume. Moreover, an injector of a reducing product of nitrogen oxides is provided in DE 10 2010 014 037 . This injector injects said product into the volume. The circulation of the exhaust gases must be planned in such a way as to ensure a good dispersion of the product within the exhaust gases.

To ensure the functions described above, namely to allow a flow of exhaust gases such that these exhaust gases are distributed relatively uniformly at the outlet of the volume and ensure a good dispersion of the product injected into the gases exhaust, it is provided in the volume of DE 10 2010 014 037 two cups, covering one of the exhaust gas inlet and the other the exhaust gas outlet. The cup covering the exhaust gas inlet has radial orifices arranged to orient the exhaust gases entering through the inlet.

Such cups create high back pressure in the exhaust line.

In this context, the invention aims to provide a purification assembly in which the counterpressure is lower.

To this end, the invention relates to an exhaust gas purification assembly of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the assembly comprises a deflector placed in the volume opposite the inlet, the deflector orthogonal projection on the an inlet covering at least 75% of the first zone and covering less than 25% of the second zone, the deflector and the volume being arranged so that a part of the exhaust gas entering through the first part of the inlet flows into the next volume flow lines forming a cusp around the deflector.

In other words, the exhaust gases entering through the first part of the inlet flow along a U-shaped path. They flow first along the face of the deflector facing the inlet, to a free edge of the deflector constituting a cusp, and then flow in the opposite direction along the face of the deflector located opposite the inlet. This flow induces internal rotational movements in the exhaust gas, which increases the level of turbulence in the flow of exhaust gas flowing along the face of the deflector located opposite the inlet.

This turbulence, when the exhaust gas purification assembly is equipped with an injector device of a nitrogen oxides reducing product, make it possible to disperse the reducing agent more quickly within the exhaust gas. Turbulence promotes the diffusion of the reducing product in the gas stream.

This turbulence is due in particular to the fact that the exhaust gases entering through the second zone of the inlet are practically not deflected by the deflector. On the contrary, the gases entering through the first zone undergo two successive changes of direction. A first change of direction after penetration into the volume to flow along the deflector, then a second change of direction when the gases arrive at the right of the second zone of the inlet and mix with the penetrating flow by said second zone. Thus, the flow of gas from the first zone enters the flow of gas from the second zone with a high angle of incidence, for example close to 90 °, which contributes to increasing the level of turbulence.

This level of turbulence is achieved without creating high backpressure in the exhaust line, since the exhaust gases entering the second zone are practically not deflected by the deflector.

The first exhaust gas purification unit is typically an oxidation catalyst specially adapted for diesel engines, known under the acronym DOC. In a variant, the upstream duct comprises several exhaust gas purification devices, in particular with a particulate filter and one or more oxidation or reduction catalysts.

The second purification member is a catalyst known as SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction). The SCR catalyst is designed to reduce the NOx contained in the exhaust gas to nitrogen gas N2, in the presence of ammonia NH3. The downstream duct may also comprise not only an SCR catalyst, but also a particulate filter and / or one or more other catalysts or reducing agents placed in the downstream duct upstream or downstream of the SCR catalyst.

As indicated above, the upstream duct and the downstream duct are arranged parallel to each other. This means that, for reasons of compactness, the upstream duct and the downstream duct are arranged side by side. More specifically, the respective portions of the upstream duct and the downstream duct located near the volume are arranged side by side. These parts typically comprise the first and second purification members. The term side by side is used herein to mean that the respective central axes of the upstream duct and the downstream duct are substantially parallel to each other, or are slightly inclined with respect to each other. The upstream and downstream ducts are located vis-à-vis one another. In other words, the upstream and downstream ducts have respective lateral surfaces substantially vis-à-vis one another.

The fact that the orthogonal projection baffle at the entrance covers at least 75% of the first zone and covers less than 25% of the second zone, means that it is important for the invention that the deflector deviates a large part of the gas entering the volume through the first zone. In order for the purification unit not to generate excessive back pressure, the deflector must instead not deflect the exhaust gases entering the second zone, and must thus cover only a small fraction of this second zone. To achieve this result, there is provided in the baffle, vis-à-vis the first zone of the inlet, a solid part, or having only one or more orifices of small sizes.

The deflector does not extend for example not at all vis-à-vis the second zone. Alternatively, the deflector is slightly extended vis-à-vis the second zone, and covers only a small portion of this second zone, so as not to hinder the flow of exhaust gas entering the second zone .

In this case, the portion of the deflector located opposite the second zone delimits a large opening between a free edge of the deflector and the wall of the volume. This large opening makes it possible to let the exhaust gas arriving from the inlet, with a minimum counter-pressure. In a variant, the portion of the deflector located opposite the second zone delimits several large openings between a free edge of the deflector and the wall of the volume. These openings are separated one from the other. These large openings can be two, three, or more than three.

Alternatively, the large opening or openings are formed entirely in the baffle, and are not delimited on the one hand by a free edge of the baffles and on the other by the wall of the volume.

Orthogonal projection on the input means the projection in a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the entry is inscribed.

The median line mentioned above is a dummy line and does not correspond to a line physically dividing the entry into two separate zones. Reference is made to this median line only to characterize the invention. This simply reflects the fact that the deflector is intended to cover essentially one half of the entrance, and to extend only slightly on the other half of the entrance.

Preferably, the deflector covers at least 75% of the first zone, still more preferably at least 85% of the first zone, and still more preferably at least 90% of the first zone. The deflector covers less than 25% of the second zone, preferably less than 15% of the second zone, and still preferably less than 10% of the second zone.

Typically, the deflector has opposite the first zone a plurality of orifices. These orifices are small openings, much smaller than the opening located opposite the second zone. In total, the cumulative area of all the orifices is less than 25% of the area of the first zone, preferably less than 15% of the area of the first zone, and even more preferably less than 10% of the area of the first zone.

These orifices allow a fraction of the exhaust gas entering the first zone to follow a direct path, that is to say not to be deflected by the deflector. These gases pass through the baffle and mix with the flow of exhaust gas down the face of the deflector opposite the inlet. This contributes to increasing the level of turbulence in the exhaust gas.

The volume and the baffle together define a pathway guiding the exhaust from the inlet to the outlet. This pathway successively comprises several sections. The first section corresponds to the area between the deflector and the entrance.

The passageway typically comprises a converging section, with an upstream portion having a relatively larger passage section to the exhaust gas and a downstream portion having a passage section relatively smaller to the exhaust gas. Typically, the converging section has a section of decreasing passage from upstream to downstream. This converging section corresponds for example to a section delimited between the face of the deflector turned away from the entrance, and a wall of the volume. When the assembly comprises an injector device of a nitrogen oxides reducing product, it is mounted so as to inject the product into the downstream portion.

The fact of injecting the reducing agent into a portion of small passage section makes it possible to facilitate the dispersion of the reducing product in the exhaust gas. Indeed, the distance for the product to diffuse from the injection point throughout the section of the path is reduced.

Preferably, the injector device is arranged to inject the reducing agent into a delimited section in respective zones facing the deflector and a wall of the volume. Alternatively, an injection is performed immediately downstream of said section. This makes it possible to lengthen the length of the path of the gas between the injection point, also called the seeding point, and the exhaust gas outlet. This promotes the homogenization of the reducing product in the exhaust gas, and allows a better distribution of the reducing product on the inlet face of the second purification member.

Such an arrangement of the injection point is made possible only because of the presence of the deflector. Indeed, the deflector forms a protective screen preventing a return of the reducing product to the input. It thus prevents the reducing agent from diffusing to the first purification unit. This is particularly important when the first purification member is a DOC type oxidation catalyst and the injected reducing product is ammonia or a precursor of ammonia. Indeed, the ammonia can oxidize in contact with the DOC. Part of the ammonia is lost for NOx reduction. Furthermore, oxidized ammonia on the DOC itself generates NOx.

In an advantageous variant, the zone of the deflector delimiting the section in which the injection of the reducing product is carried out, or delimiting the section downstream from which the injection of the reducing product is carried out, is concave, of concavity turned towards said section. For a given area, the section of the section thus has a less elongated shape, closer to an oval, well adapted to allow rapid and effective diffusion of the reducing product to all gas streams.

Preferably, the passageway comprises a substantially tangential orientation section relative to the inlet, and / or a substantially tangential orientation section relative to the outlet. This makes it possible to lengthen the length of the exhaust gas path between the injection point and the outlet. Indeed, the gases exhaust does not flow directly from a central zone of the inlet to a central zone of the outlet, in a straight line. The path of passage of the exhaust gas passes on the contrary in peripheral areas of the inlet and outlet which allows to arrange in a determined volume of shape a longer passageway.

Typically, the passageway has a substantially helical section opening into the outlet. Typically, the substantially helical section extends the substantially tangential orientation section to the exit. This helical shape makes it possible to further extend the path of the exhaust gases between the seeding point and the outlet. The helical section also makes it possible to impart to the exhaust gas a rotation about an axis substantially perpendicular to the outlet. This rotation contributes to increasing the level of turbulence in the exhaust gas and thus to improving the mixture of the reducing product in the gas stream. This also contributes to homogenize the distribution of the reducing product on the inlet face of the second purification member.

Typically, the deflector is integral with an edge of the entrance. The deflector may be attached to the edge of the entrance, or integral with the edge of the entrance. In the first case, the deflector is preferably formed in a metal drop obtained by cutting the entry into the volume. In the second case, the deflector is obtained by deformation of a wall of the volume, preferably at the moment when the inlet is cut in the volume.

The volume typically comprises a telescope in which are provided the inlet and outlet, and a cover attached to the telescope. The bezel comprises for example one or more planar portions, in which are provided the inlet and outlet. The hood, on the other hand, is a stamped, concave piece that caps the bezel. The different sections of the exhaust gas path are obtained by forming the cover. They are for example obtained by stamping the cover.

The baffle is preferably integral with the bezel.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, the deflector and the volume define at the level of the cusp around the cup a passage section for the exhaust gas less than 75% of a passage section of the inlet, preferably less than 50% of the passage section of the inlet. In other words, the passage section offered to the exhaust gases at the cusp, that is to say in the zone where the exhaust gas has a path substantially at 180 °, is reduced so as to increase the speed of the gases. This contributes to increasing the turbulence level of the exhaust gases downstream of the cusp.

In an exemplary embodiment, the passageway present between the cusp and the injection point at least first and second sections having respective orientations forming with respect to each other an angle between 30 and 90 °. The exhaust gases thus undergo an additional change of direction, causing additional rotation of the exhaust gas upstream of the injection point. This further improves the quality of the mixture between the reducing agent and the exhaust gas. Preferably, the angle is between 40 and 80 °, and more preferably between 50 and 60 °. The two sections are typically connected to each other by an arcuate section. These sections may be placed upstream or downstream of the converging section, or be part of the converging section. The first and second sections are typically rectilinear. In a variant, the first and second sections are slightly arched.

In this case, the inlet and the outlet preferably have respective centers aligned in a main direction, the median line defined above forming with the main direction an angle of less than 30 °. Indeed, the volume is typically elongated along the main direction, so that the gas flow path is also of general orientation along the main direction. The fact that the median line of the entrance forms an angle of less than 30 ° with the main direction means that the solid part of the deflector is situated substantially on one side of the main direction and that the large opening or openings delimited by the deflector are located substantially on the other side of the main direction. This allows to place the first section in an orientation substantially perpendicular to the main direction, and the second section substantially parallel to the main direction. The section converging in this case is very short and is placed upstream of the first section.

Such an arrangement makes it possible to place the injection point very far upstream, so as to further increase the distance available for homogenizing the reducing product and the exhaust gases.

The path could have upstream of the injection point other sections with other orientations.

Preferably, the injection device is designed to inject into the volume a gaseous product reducing nitrogen oxides, typically ammonia. Alternatively, the device is provided for injecting a liquid product, for example an ammonia solution or urea.

• la Figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un ensemble de purification selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
• la Figure 2 est une vue de face de l'ensemble de la Figure 1, le capot n'étant pas représenté pour laisser apparaître l'entrée, la sortie et le déflecteur ;
• la Figure 3 est une vue en coupe, prise selon la ligne brisée III de la Figure 2 ;
• la Figure 4 est une vue en coupe, pris selon la ligne IV matérialisée sur la Figure 2 ;
• la Figure 5 est une représentation graphique du niveau de turbulence dans les gaz d'échappement, pour un ensemble avec un déflecteur sur la partie gauche de la Figure 5, pour un ensemble sans déflecteur sur la partie droite de la Figure 5 ;
• la Figure 6 est une représentation graphique donnant la concentration en NH3 gazeux dans les gaz d'échappement le long du chemin de passage, en haut avec un déflecteur, et en bas sans déflecteur ;
• la Figure 7 est une représentation du tronçon hélicoïdal du chemin de passage des gaz d'échappement, montrant graphiquement le niveau de turbulence des gaz d'échappement ;
• la Figure 8 est une représentation graphique de la distribution d'ammoniac à la sortie du volume, sur la partie gauche pour un ensemble équipé d'un déflecteur et sur la partie droite pour un ensemble ne comportant pas de déflecteur ;
• la Figure 9 est une vue similaire à celle de la Figure 2, montrant une variante de réalisation du déflecteur ; et
• les Figures 10 et 11 sont des vues similaires aux Figures 1 et 2, pour un second mode de réalisation de l'invention.

Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the detailed description given below, for information only and in no way limitative, with reference to the appended figures, among which:

• the Figure 1 is a perspective view of a purification assembly according to a first embodiment of the invention;
• the Figure 2 is a front view of the whole of the Figure 1 , the hood is not shown to reveal the inlet, the outlet and the deflector;
• the Figure 3 is a sectional view, taken along the broken line III of the Figure 2 ;
• the Figure 4 is a sectional view, taken along line IV materialized on the Figure 2 ;
• the Figure 5 is a graphical representation of the level of turbulence in the exhaust gas, for an assembly with a deflector on the left side of the Figure 5 , for a set without deflector on the right side of the Figure 5 ;
• the Figure 6 is a graphical representation giving the concentration of gaseous NH3 in the exhaust gas along the passageway, at the top with a baffle, and at the bottom without baffle;
• the Figure 7 is a representation of the helical section of the exhaust path, showing graphically the level of turbulence of the exhaust gas;
• the Figure 8 is a graphical representation of the distribution of ammonia at the outlet of the volume, on the left side for an assembly equipped with a deflector and on the right part for a set not including a deflector;
• the Figure 9 is a view similar to that of the Figure 2 showing an alternative embodiment of the deflector; and
• the Figures 10 and 11 are similar views to Figures 1 and 2 , for a second embodiment of the invention.

The set 1 represented on the Figures 1 to 4 is intended for the purification of exhaust gases from a motor vehicle engine. It is more particularly intended for the purification of exhaust gases from a diesel engine.

• un conduit amont 3 dans lequel est logé un premier organe 5 de purification des gaz d'échappement ;
• un conduit aval 7 dans lequel est logé un second organe 9 de purification des gaz d'échappement ;
• un volume 11 ayant une entrée de gaz d'échappement 13 communiquant avec le conduit amont 3, et une sortie 15 de gaz d'échappement communiquant avec le conduit aval 7 ;
• un injecteur 17 adapté pour injecter de l'ammoniac dans le volume 11.

As visible on the Figure 3 , the set 1 comprises:

• an upstream duct 3 in which is housed a first member 5 for purification of the exhaust gas;
• a downstream duct 7 in which is housed a second member 9 for purification of the exhaust gas;
• a volume 11 having an exhaust gas inlet 13 communicating with the upstream duct 3, and an exhaust gas outlet 15 communicating with the downstream duct 7;
• an injector 17 adapted to inject ammonia into the volume 11.

The upstream duct 3 is connected upstream to an exhaust manifold (not shown) which collects the exhaust gases leaving the combustion chambers of the engine. Other equipment may be interposed between the upstream duct and the exhaust manifold, for example a turbo compressor.

The first purification member 5 is a diesel engine oxidation catalyst (DOC). It is arranged inside the upstream duct 3 so that the exhaust gases are forced through the catalyst 5 when these exhaust gases flow from the exhaust manifold to the inlet 13. The catalyst 5 has an outlet face 19 through which the exhaust gases leave the catalyst. The face 19 coincides substantially with the inlet 13. The upstream duct 3 opens directly into the inlet 13. In a variant, the outlet face 19 is offset upstream, slightly away from the inlet 13.

The downstream duct 7 is connected downstream to an exhaust cannula (not shown) through which the exhaust gases are released into the atmosphere after purification. Other equipment, such as silencers, are interposed between the downstream duct and the exhaust cannula.

The second purification organ 9 is a catalyst known as SCR: Selective Catalytic Reduction. The catalyst 9 is arranged in the downstream duct so that the exhaust gas leaving the outlet 15 and flowing to the cannula is forced through the SCR catalyst 9. The catalyst 9 has an inlet face 21, which exhaust gas enters inside the catalyst 9. This inlet face 21 is located substantially in coincidence with the outlet 15. In a variant, the inlet face is offset along the downstream duct, at a distance of As an alternative, a particulate filter or other catalyst is interposed between the outlet 15 and the catalyst SCR 9.

The upstream duct 3 and the downstream duct 7 are substantially parallel to each other. They are juxtaposed next to each other. Their respective central axes, referenced X and Y on the Figure 3 , are substantially parallel to each other. The exhaust gases flow in opposite directions to each other through the first catalyst 5 and through the second catalyst 9.

The volume 11 is intended to guide the exhaust gases from the inlet 13 to the outlet 15. It comprises a telescope 23 in which are provided the inlet 13 and the outlet 15, and a cover 25 attached to the telescope .

The bezel 23 is a stamped metal part. The inlet 13 and the outlet 15 are for example circular. They are located in the same plane, or in two planes parallel to each other and slightly offset with respect to each other as illustrated on the Figure 3 . The telescope 23 has an elongated shape along a main direction P passing through the respective centers C and C 'of the inlet 13 and the outlet 15 ( Figure 2 ). The entrance and exit occupy two ends of the telescope. The inlet 13 occupies substantially an entire end of the telescope, and the outlet 15 also occupies a whole second end of the telescope. The bezel, on the other hand, has a solid central portion 27 between the inlet and the outlet. The width of the central portion 27, taken parallel to the main direction, is dictated by the spacing between the upstream and downstream ducts.

The cover 25 is a stamped metal part, of concave shape. It thus has an internal volume of complex shape, and an opening defined by a peripheral edge 29. The bezel 23 closes the opening, the peripheral edge 31 of the bezel being sealingly assembled to the peripheral edge 29 of the opening. For example, the edges 29 and 31 are sealed to each other.

The assembly 1 further comprises a deflector 33 placed in the volume 11, facing the inlet 13. The deflector 33 is secured to the peripheral edge 35 of the inlet. It is obtained during the stamping of the telescope. The deflector 33 deviates from the plane of the inlet 3, from the edge 35, towards the interior of the volume 11.

In the example shown, the deflector 33 extends vis-à-vis substantially half of the inlet 13. Thus, if we consider the representation of the Figure 2 , the center line corresponding to the section plane IV divides the inlet 13 into first and second zones 37 and 39 with substantially the same passage section to the exhaust gas. Considered in orthogonal projection on entry 13, as on the Figure 2 , the deflector 33 covers almost all of the first zone 37, and covers only a very small part of the second zone 39. The deflector 33 thus defines with the hood 25 a large opening for the exhaust entering the second zone 39, while it deviates substantially all the exhaust gas entering the first zone 37.

More precisely, the deflector has a free edge 41, and an edge 43 bonded to the peripheral edge 35 of the inlet 13.

The free edge 41, considered in projection on the entry 13 as on the Figure 2 , has a central portion 45 extending into the first zone 37, close to the center C of the inlet, and two end portions 47 extending into the second zone 39. The surface 48 of the first zone extending between the central portion 45 and the section plane IV is not covered by the deflector. This surface has an extremely small area.

The surfaces of the second zone 39 extending between the end portions 47 and the section plane IV are on the other hand covered by the deflector 33. These parts are of reduced area.

The deflector 33 has, as visible on the Figure 2 , a plurality of orifices 49. The orifices 49 are small in relation to the size of the inlet 13. The total area of the surface 48, between the portion 45 of the free edge and the IV plane, and the different orifices 49 is less than 25% of the area of the first zone. In other words, the deflector considered in orthogonal projection on the entry covers at least 75% of the first zone.

As visible on Figures 1 to 4 , the volume 11 and the deflector 33 together define a passage path for the exhaust gas from the inlet 13 to the outlet 15. This passageway is shaped to ensure excellent mixing quality of the ammonia gas injected by the injection device 17 in the exhaust gas. The passageway first comprises an inlet section 51, between the deflector 33 and the inlet 13. In the inlet section 51, the exhaust gases entering through the first zone 37 of the inlet are deflected by the deflector 33 to the second zone 39 of the entrance. They flow along a face 53 of the deflector turned towards the inlet 13. Upon reaching the free edge 41, said exhaust gases flow along flow lines forming a cusp around the deflector, and more precisely around the free edge 41 of the deflector. Thus the flux lines will have a 180 ° twist. The exhaust gas, after having crossed the free edge 41, flows along the face 55 of the deflector opposite to the inlet 13. The exhaust gases therefore flow in the opposite direction along the face 53 and along the face 55.

The exhaust gases entering through the second zone 39 are practically not deflected by the deflector 33. After having crossed the free edge 41, they flow along the face 55 of the deflector opposite the inlet 13.

Thus, the path of passage of the exhaust gas has after the inlet section 51, a converging section 57 delimited on one side by the deflector 33 and on the other side by the hood 25. More precisely, the converging section 57 is defined by areas of the hood and the deflector placed vis-à-vis one another. The zone 59 of the deflector delimiting the converging section has a visible concavity on the Figure 4 . In other words, taken in section in a plane perpendicular to the entrance and containing the median line mentioned above, the zone 59 has a concavity turned towards the section 57.

This section 57 has a converging shape. More specifically, the passage section offered to the exhaust gas along the second section 57 decreases along this section 57, upstream to downstream. The upstream and downstream are here appreciated relative to the direction of normal flow of the exhaust gas. This is particularly visible on the Figure 1 .

This reduction of the passage section is obtained by appropriate shaping of the cover 25.

The path also includes a section 61, extending the convergent section 57, oriented tangentially with respect to the inlet 13 and with respect to the outlet 15. This section is visible on the Figure 1 . The upstream portion of the section 61, which connects to the converging section 57 is substantially tangential to the inlet 13. The downstream portion 65 is substantially tangential to the outlet 15. The section 61 is substantially straight. It is substantially parallel to the main direction P and extends along an edge of the telescope.

The passageway further comprises a helical section 67, extending the tangential section 61. The helical section 67 winds around the central axis Y of the downstream outlet duct 7. It opens into the outlet 15. The tangential section 61 and the helical section 67 are obtained by the appropriate shaping of the cover 25.

The ammonia injector device 17 comprises a gaseous ammonia generator element, not shown, and a duct 69 mounted on the cover 25. The cover has for this purpose an orifice 71 on the edge of which is fixed the duct 69. Preferably , the conduit 69 penetrates slightly inside the volume 11. The ammonia gas generating member is for example a gaseous ammonia storage cartridge, or an ammonia storage cartridge by absorption on a suitable solid material , or a reactor provided for generating ammonia from a liquid material such as urea. The orifice 71 is arranged to perform the injection of gaseous ammonia at a point in the path in which the passage section offered to the exhaust gas is reduced. This point corresponds for example to the downstream end of the converging section 57, or to the end 63 of the tangential section 61.

The Figure 5 shows that the level of turbulence in the exhaust gas flow at the injection point is considerably increased due to the presence of the deflector 33. On the right side of the Figure 5 the level of turbulence of the exhaust gas has been illustrated for an exhaust gas purification assembly having the same geometry as that of the invention, without a deflector. The level of turbulence is low in volume 11 and is substantially constant. On the left side of the Figure 5 , the level of turbulence in the set of the invention, comprising a deflector. The turbulence level is indicated by a scale from a to k where k is the maximum turbulence level. This figure shows a significant level of turbulence at the downstream end of the converging section. As explained above, this level of turbulence is explained by the fact that the exhaust gases entering the volume 11 through the first zone of the inlet undergo several changes of direction, including a bending around the deflector, which creates internal rotations in the exhaust gas at the point of injection.

On the Figure 5 only half of the purification set has been shown. This half corresponds substantially to the upper part of the Figure 3 .

The Figure 6 shows that, due to the level of turbulence in the exhaust gas, the gaseous NH3 injected into the volume 11 is homogenized very rapidly in the flow of exhaust gas. The lower part shows the concentration of NH3 inside the volume 11, for a set without deflector corresponding to that of the Figure 5 . The upper part of the Figure 6 shows the concentration of NH3 in volume 11 for a deflector assembly according to the invention.

In both cases, the concentration of NH3 is expressed by a graduated index of a to i, i corresponding to the maximum concentration of NH3.

The schemas of the Figure 6 correspond to front views of the exhaust gas purification assembly, similar to the view of the Figure 2 . The exhaust gas inlet is located on the right, and the exhaust outlet on the left. The lower part of the Figure 6 shows that, without the deflector, there is an exhaust gas vein with a high concentration of NH3 that extends far along the exhaust path, substantially up to half the helical section.

The upper part of the Figure 6 shows that with the deflector, the decrease of the concentration of NH3 in the exhaust gas is very fast. The exhaust gas vein with high concentration of NH3 disappears far before the helical section 67.

The Figure 7 shows that the helical section 67 makes it possible to increase the level of turbulence of the exhaust gases. On the Figure 7 the turbulence level is indicated by a scale from a to j where j is the maximum turbulence level.

The Figure 7 shows that the level of turbulence decreases when the exhaust gases leave the tangential section 61 and enter the helical section 67. It then tends to increase along the helical section 67, due to the rotation of the gas streams. 'exhaust.

The Figure 8 shows the distribution of ammonia NH3 in the plane of the outlet 15 of the volume. On the right side, the diagram corresponds to a set of purification without deflector, as illustrated on the right part of the Figure 5 . On the left side of the Figure 8 , the diagram corresponds to the invention, that is to say to an assembly equipped with a deflector. The molar concentration of NH3 is indicated by a number graduated from a to v, v being the maximum concentration. The scales are different from each other in the diagram on the left and in the diagram on the right.

The right part of the Figure 8 shows that, in the absence of a deflector, ammonia NH3 is much more concentrated at the bottom and right of the outlet than in the central zone of this outlet. The molar fraction of NH3 is more than four times higher at the bottom and right of the outlet than in the central part of it.

The left part of the Figure 8 shows that, with a deflector, the distribution of NH3 is relatively homogeneous in the plane of the outlet. The ratio of the mole fraction of NH3 in the zone with the highest concentration on the mole fraction of NH3 in the zone with the lowest concentration is less than 1.2.

A variant of the first embodiment will now be described, with reference to the Figure 9 .

Only the points by which this variant differs from the set represented on the Figures 1 to 4 will be detailed below. The identical elements or ensuring the same function will be designated by the same references.

In the variant embodiment of the Figure 9 , the deflector 33 comprises two arches 72 extending essentially opposite the second zone 39 of the inlet. These arches 72 are integral with the central portion 45 of the free edge 41, and extend substantially radially to points 73 of the edge 35 located along the second zone of the inlet. The cup 33 thus defines three passages 75 for the exhaust gases arriving from the inlet 13.

The passage section for the exhaust gases at the cusp, that is to say between the free edge 41 of the baffle and the cover 25, is reduced by the presence of the arches 72. This contributes to accelerating the speed of exhaust flow in this zone, and to increase the level of turbulence of the exhaust gas at the injection point.

A second embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to Figures 10 and 11 . Only the points by which the second embodiment differs from the first will be detailed below.

The identical elements or ensuring the same function in the two embodiments will be designated by the same references.

As visible on the Figure 10 the convergent section 57 is replaced by a section of more complex shape, arranged to further increase the efficiency with which the ammonia gas is dispersed in the exhaust gas. The converging section is replaced by a first portion 77 oriented substantially perpendicular to the main direction, extended by an arcuate section 79, itself extended by a second section 81 having an orientation substantially parallel to the main direction. The upstream end of the section 77 is convergent, that is to say offers the exhaust gas a decreasing passage section from upstream to downstream. The first section 77 is located substantially in line with the second zone of the entrance. The arcuate section 79 and the second section 81 are located substantially in line with the first zone.

Moreover, as visible on the Figure 11 , the deflector is slightly offset in rotation about the center C of the inlet relative to the situation of the Figure 2 . The median line for dividing the inlet into two zones of the same size, one substantially completely covered by the deflector and the other substantially not covered by the deflector, is aligned with the main direction or slightly inclined with respect to this direction. main. This facilitates the arrangement of sections 77, 79 and 81.

Finally, the injection point of the gaseous ammonia is shifted upstream along the path of passage of the exhaust gas with respect to the first embodiment.

Claims (15)

1. An assembly for purification of exhaust gases, the assembly (1) comprising:

   - an upstream conduit (3) in which is housed a first unit (5) for purification of exhaust gases;

   - a downstream conduit (7) in which is housed a second unit (9) for purification of exhaust gases, the upstream conduit (3) and the downstream conduit (5) being positioned parallel to each other;

   - a space (11) having an exhaust gas inlet (13) communicating with the downstream conduit (3) and an exhaust gas outlet (15) communicating with the downstream conduit (5), a middle line dividing said inlet (13) into first and second areas (37, 39) providing a same passage section to the exhaust gases;

   characterized in that the assembly (1) comprises a baffle (33) arranged in the space (11) facing the inlet (13), the baffle (33) in an orthogonal projection on the inlet (13), covering at least 75% of the first area (37) and covering less than 25% of the second area (39), the baffle (33) and the space (11) being laid out so that a portion of the exhaust gases penetrating through the first area (37) of the inlet (13) flows into the space (11) following flow lines forming a cusp around the baffle (33), the exhaust gases penetrating through the first area (37) of the inlet (13) first flowing along a first face of the baffle (33) turned towards the inlet (13), as far as a free end of the baffle (33) consisting in a cusp, and then flow in the opposite direction along a second face of the baffle (33) located opposite to the inlet (13).
2. The assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the baffle (33) has a plurality of orifices (49) facing the first area (37).
3. The assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the space (11) and the baffle (33) delimit a passage path guiding the exhaust gases from the inlet (13) to the outlet (15), the passage path comprising a convergent segment (57) having an upstream portion providing a relatively larger passage section to the exhaust gases and a downstream portion providing a relatively smaller passage section to the exhaust gases, the assembly (1) comprising a device (17) injecting a product for reducing nitrogen oxides in the downstream portion.
4. The assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the space (11) and the baffle (33) delimit a passage path guiding the exhaust gases from the inlet (13) to the outlet (15), the assembly (1) comprising a device (17) injecting a product for reducing nitrogen oxides in or immediately downstream from a segment (57) of said passage path, said segment (57) being delimited by respective areas facing the baffle (33) and a wall of the space (11).
5. The assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that said area (59) of the baffle (33) is concave towards said segment (57).
6. The assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the space (11) and the baffle (33) delimit a passage path guiding the exhaust gases from the inlet (13) to the outlet (15), said path having a segment (61) of a substantially tangential orientation relatively to the inlet (13).
7. The assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the space (11) and the baffle (33) delimit a passage path guiding the exhaust gases from the inlet (13) to the outlet (15), said path having a segment (61) of a substantially tangential orientation relatively to the outlet (15).
8. The assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the space (11) and the baffle (33) delimit a passage path guiding the exhaust gases from the inlet (13) to the outlet (15), said path having a substantially helical segment (67) opening into the outlet (15).
9. The assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the baffle (33) is secured to one edge (35) of the inlet.
10. The assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the space (11) comprises a support ring (23) in which the inlet (13) and the outlet (15) are made, and a cap (25) added onto the support ring (23).
11. The assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that the baffle (33) is made with the support ring (23) in the same material.
12. The assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the baffle (33) and the space (11) delimit at the cusp around the baffle (33) a passage section for the exhaust gases, of less than 75% of a passage section of the inlet (13), preferably less than 50% of a passage section of the inlet (13).
13. The assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the space (11) and the baffle (33) delimit a passage path guiding the exhaust gases from the inlet (13) to the outlet (15), the assembly (1) comprising a device (17) provided for injecting a product reducing nitrogen oxide in an injection point of said passage path, the passage path comprising between the cusp and the injection point at least first and second segments (77, 81) having respective orientations forming relatively to each other an angle comprised between 30 and 90°.
14. The assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inlet (13) and the outlet (15) have respective centers aligned along a main direction, said middle line forming with the main direction an angle of less than 30°.
15. The assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a device (17) provided for injecting a gaseous product reducing nitrogen oxides, for example ammonia.

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