EP2696038B1 - Guide vane row for a turbomachine - Google Patents
Guide vane row for a turbomachine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2696038B1 EP2696038B1 EP12179455.6A EP12179455A EP2696038B1 EP 2696038 B1 EP2696038 B1 EP 2696038B1 EP 12179455 A EP12179455 A EP 12179455A EP 2696038 B1 EP2696038 B1 EP 2696038B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sealing element
- inner ring
- ring
- seal carrier
- guide vane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 98
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/001—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between stator blade and rotor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
- F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
- F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
- F01D17/16—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes
- F01D17/162—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes for axial flow, i.e. the vanes turning around axes which are essentially perpendicular to the rotor centre line
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/08—Sealings
- F04D29/083—Sealings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
- F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
- F04D29/56—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable
- F04D29/563—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/005—Sealing means between non relatively rotating elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/70—Shape
- F05D2250/75—Shape given by its similarity to a letter, e.g. T-shaped
Definitions
- the invention relates to a guide vane ring according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a turbomachine.
- Turbomachines such as aircraft engines and stationary gas turbines regularly have at least one compressor-side adjustable guide vane row with a large number of guide vanes which can be pivoted about their main axis or vane axis in order to set optimum operating conditions.
- the adjustable or variable guide vane row forms a guide vane ring with an inner ring surrounding a rotor section.
- the inner ring serves for internal stabilization and storage of the guide vanes. He can, as in the EP 0 947 668 B1 shown, a plurality of radial bearing bores for receiving a respective blade-side journal.
- the inner ring consists of several ring segments, which are interconnected via a radially inner seal carrier.
- the seal carrier consists of semicircular carrier segments which are pushed onto the ring segments during assembly in the circumferential direction.
- a radial gap to the rotor portion of the seal carrier is provided on its side facing away from the vanes inner peripheral surface with a plurality of inlet linings, enter into the rotor-side sealing fins or sealing tips.
- a mounting clearance is provided between the inner ring and the seal carrier. The mounting clearance creates paths for leakage flows between the inner ring and the seal carrier, which leads to a reduction of the compressor efficiency.
- the assembly play between the inner ring and the seal carrier during operation can lead to an inconvenient, operating point-dependent positioning of the inlet linings relative to the rotor section. Consequences are locally deeper inlets of the sealing fins in the inlet linings and an uneven radial gap, which also leads to an increase in leakage flows and thus to a deterioration of the compressor efficiency.
- DE102008032661A1 discloses a vane ring for a turbomachine, comprising a plurality of rotatable vanes, with an inner ring for radially inner stabilization of the vanes and with a seal carrier, wherein the seal carrier is arranged radially inwardly to the inner ring and is held on this form-fitting, wherein between an inner ring portion and a At least one sealing element is arranged, wherein the sealing element is arranged in a sealing element space which is bounded by a side surface of the inner ring portion and at least one opposite counter surface of the seal carrier portion, wherein the sealing element space is arranged downstream of the guide vanes.
- the object of the invention is to provide a guide vane ring for a turbomachine, which eliminates the aforementioned disadvantages and allows both a sealing of leakage paths between an inner ring and a seal carrier and a defined positional fixation of the seal carrier on the inner ring.
- An inventive vane ring for a turbomachine has a plurality of rotatable vanes, an inner ring for radially inner stabilization of the vanes and a seal carrier.
- the seal carrier is arranged radially inwardly to the inner ring and held in a form-fitting manner.
- at least one spring-like sealing element is arranged between an inner ring section and a seal carrier section, by means of which the inner ring is clamped to the seal carrier.
- the at least one sealing element is arranged in a sealing element space, which is delimited by a side surface of the inner ring section and by at least one opposite counter surface of the seal carrier section.
- the sealing element space is arranged downstream of the guide vanes.
- leakage paths between the inner ring and the seal carrier are sealed by the sealing element. Due to the spring action of the sealing element an assembly clearance between the inner ring and the seal carrier is eliminated and thus achieves a defined positional fixation of the seal carrier on the inner ring.
- a concentric positioning of the inlet linings carried by the seal carrier to the opposite rotor section is achieved at each operating point.
- the rotor-side sealing tips can run evenly into the inlet linings and a radial gap to the opposite rotor section is evenly sealed.
- the side face and the counter face face each other in the radial direction or in the axial direction.
- the sealing element space is opened on one side in the axial direction, so that the sealing element can be inserted into the sealing element space after the sealing carrier has been pushed onto the inner ring.
- the outer dimensions of the inner ring and the seal carrier can remain unchanged.
- the at least one sealing element clamps the inner ring and the seal carrier in the radial direction with respect to a vane ring axis or a machine axis of the turbomachine with one another or against each other.
- the radial clamping ensures that the seal carrier is concentrically aligned with the inner ring and the rotor section, since it is acted upon circumferentially radially from outside to inside with a constant clamping force.
- the at least one sealing element braces the inner ring and the seal carrier in the axial direction with each other or against each other. This ensures in particular that the seal carrier is arranged in an axial nominal position on the inner ring and its inlet linings thus lie in their axial nominal position to the rotor section.
- the seal carrier and the inner ring can also be clamped simultaneously in the axial and in the radial direction.
- the sealing element space can be fully enclosed, ie closed in the axial and in the radial direction. This prevents that the sealing element or parts of the sealing element can be sucked from the sealing element space in the turbomachine / can.
- “Closed” means that the sealing element space is designed such that the sealing element or parts of the sealing element can not be sucked out of the sealing element space. “Closed” does not mean that the sealing element space without the spring-like sealing element is gas-tight. Regardless of whether the sealing element space is circumferentially open or closed, the sealing element space is arranged downstream of the guide vanes.
- An exemplary sealing element has an annular C-profile. Such a profile is easy to manufacture, robust and allows a reliable seal and tension.
- An alternative exemplary sealing element has an annular V-profile. Such a profile is easy to manufacture and easy to insert into the sealing element space in the circumferential direction due to the almost line-like contact with the side surface and the counter surface.
- Another exemplary sealing element has an annular W-profile. Such a profile allows a large-scale contact with the respective side surface and the respective mating surface and thus has a large sealing surface.
- the respective sealing element may be formed as a one-piece ring profile or consist of a plurality of ring segments, which are inserted side by side in the sealing element space and form a closed ring.
- a turbomachine according to the invention has at least one guide vane ring according to the invention. Due to the sealed leakage paths between the inner ring and the seal carrier and the reduced radial gap losses between the inlet liners and the sealing fins, such a turbomachine is characterized by a higher compressor efficiency than a turbomachine with a conventional vane ring.
- an inventive vane ring 1 a turbomachine such as an aircraft engine at least a plurality of vanes 2, an inner ring 4 and a seal carrier 6.
- the vane ring 1 is arranged on the stator side in the compressor of the turbomachine and surrounds a rotor portion of a rotor, not shown, which is a in the flow direction x of a main flow extending machine axis M rotates.
- the guide vanes 2 are adjustable about their main axis H extending radially to the machine axis M and each have an airfoil 8, an inner blade plate 10 and a bearing journal 12 extending radially inwardly from the blade plate 10.
- the vanes 2 each have an outer, not shown Bucket plate and a radially outwardly extending from the outer blade plate adjusting pin, which cooperates with a housing-side adjusting device.
- the inner blade plates 10 are each arranged in a radially outer countersunk portion 14 of the inner ring 4 radially passing through bearing bore 18. They have a radially inner and extending along the machine axis M underside 20 and an opposite bottom 20 opposite top 22.
- the top 22 is arranged obliquely to the machine axis M, wherein it extends radially in the flow direction x from inside to outside. It forms with a penetrated by the bearing bore 18 inner ring surface 24 a stepless or nearly stepless radially inner side wall portion of a flowed through by the main flow annulus.
- the inner ring 4 serves for the radially inner stabilization or support of the guide vanes 2. It has the bearing bores 18 and the inner ring surface 24 and is spaced from the rotor section via a radial gap. It consists of two half rings each having an arc section of 180 °, which are assembled in the region of a horizontal housing separating plane of the turbomachine to the inner ring 4. Of course, a stronger segmentation of the inner ring 4, for example in four ring segments possible.
- the bearing bores 18 pass through the inner ring 4 in the radial direction. They have a bushing portion 26 for receiving bearing bushes 28 and the opposite to the bushing portion 26 radially enlarged countersinking portion 14 for receiving the inner blade plate 10th
- the bushings 28 are inserted radially from the inside to the outside in the socket sections 26. They have a T-shaped cross section, each having a bearing portion 30 and a relative to the bearing portion 30 radially widened collar 32, by means of which they bear against a respective radially inner shoulder surface 34 of the half rings.
- the guide vanes 2 dive with their bearing pins 12 in the bearing bushes 28 and are thus rotatably guided relative to its main axis H in the radial direction.
- a sliding disk 36 can each be pushed onto the bearing journal 12, which in the assembled state is arranged between the bearing bushes 28 and the inner cover bands 10 and defines a sliding surface for the guide blades 2.
- the sliding disks 36 each form, in cooperation with the inner cover tape 10 and the collar 32, an axial guide of the rotor blades 2 relative to the main axis H.
- the inner ring surface 24 extends downstream of the bearing bores 18 via a rear and obliquely to the machine axis M radially from inside to outside employed axial projection 38 of the inner ring 4. Between the axial projection 38 and the blades 8 is formed in each case a radial so-called flag gap 42, to achieve a high efficiency of the turbomachine and a high surge limit is minimized.
- a flag gap 42 to achieve a high efficiency of the turbomachine and a high surge limit is minimized.
- at least some of the guide vanes 2 are mechanically coupled to the inner ring 4 or the half-ring in the radial direction.
- the mechanical coupling can be done for example by means of axial locking pins, the inner ring 4 at least one side pass through and engage in a corresponding annular groove of the bearing pin 12.
- the inner ring 4 For receiving the seal carrier 6, the inner ring 4 has a front end-side annular recess 44 and a rear axial annular projection 46, which are arranged radially inwardly of the inner annular surface 24.
- the seal carrier 6 is used for positioning of inlet linings 48,50 for sealing the radial gap between the rotor and the inner ring 4. It is radially inwardly disposed on the inner ring 4 in a form-fitting manner. It preferably has two semicircular carrier segments, which are pushed in the circumferential direction on the ring segments.
- a carrier segment in each case consists of a base body 52, on whose inner circumferential surfaces the inlet linings 48, 50 are mounted for engagement of rotor-side sealing tips or sealing fins.
- the inlet linings 48, 50 are honeycomb seals, for example.
- the base body 52 each have a front hook projection 54 and a rear annular recess 56.
- the hook projection 54 of the seal carrier 6 engages positively in the front annular recess 44 of the inner ring 4 a.
- the rear annular recess 56 serves to receive the rear annular projection 46 of the inner ring 4th
- the front annular recess 44 and the front hook projection 54 and the rear annular projection 46 and the rear annular recess 56 are coordinated such that between the inner ring 4 and the seal carrier 6 a mounting clearance is formed.
- the seal carrier 6 is thus movable in the axial direction x and in the radial direction z relative to the inner ring 4.
- the inner ring 4 and the seal carrier 6 via a spring-like sealing element 58 against each other or clamped together.
- the spring-like sealing element 58 causes a sealing of leakage paths between the inner ring 4 and the seal carrier 6, which are formed due to the mounting clearance.
- the sealing element 58 is in a sealing element space 60 between a portion of the inner ring 4 and a portion of the seal carrier 6 is arranged. It has, for example, a C-shaped profile. It consists of several arcuate profile segments, which are composed or in the circumferential direction of the vane ring 1 side by side form a closed ring. Preferably, the sealing element 58 consists of two profile segments, each spanning an arc of 180 °.
- the sealing element space 60 extends in the circumferential direction of the inner ring 4 and of the seal carrier 6. It is an annular space and arranged downstream of the guide vanes 2. It has a square or rectangular cross section and is formed between the axial projection 38 and the rear annular projection 46. It is delimited by two side surfaces 62, 64 of the inner ring 4 and by two mating surfaces 66, 68 of the seal carrier 6, of which one each in the radial direction z (side surface 62, mating surface 68) and one in the axial direction x (side surface 64, mating surface 66). extends.
- the sealing element 58 is clamped between the radially outer side surface 64 and the radially inner counter surface 66.
- the clamping force of the sealing element 58 in the radial direction z of the machine axis or a Leitschaufelkranzachse oriented whereby the inner ring 4 and the seal carrier 6 in the radial direction z are braced against each other.
- the leakage paths between the inner ring 4 and the seal element carrier 6 are sealed by the abutment of the sealing element 58 on the radially outer side surface 64 and on the radially inner counter surface 66.
- the sealing element 58 can alternatively be clamped between the axially front side surface 62 and the axially rearward counter surface 68, whereby its clamping force acts in the axial direction x and the inner ring 4 and the seal carrier 6 are braced against each other in the axial direction x.
- the leakage paths between the inner ring 4 and the seal element carrier 6 are sealed by the abutment of the sealing element 58 on the axially front side surface 62 and on the axially rearward counter surface 68.
- the axial desired position of the seal carrier 6 to the inner ring 4 is preferably determined by the abutment of the front hook projection 54 on the recess bottom 70 of the front annular recess 44 (not shown).
- FIGS. 3 and 4 exemplary alternative spring-type sealing elements 58 are shown. So has that in FIG. 3 shown sealing element 58 a ring-like V-shaped profile and the in FIG. 4 Sealing element shown a ring-like W-shaped profile.
- the respective sealing element 58 consists of a plurality of arcuate profile segments which, when assembled or in the circumferential direction of the guide vane ring 1, form a closed ring next to each other.
- the respective sealing element 58 consists of two profile segments, each spanning an arc of 180 °.
- sealing elements 58 in the sealing element space 60 can according to the C-shaped sealing element 58 after the Figures 1 and 2 be made such that the inner ring 4 and the seal carrier 6 are clamped either predominantly or exclusively in the axial direction x or primarily or exclusively in the radial direction z against each other.
- the sake of completeness are in the FIGS. 3 and 4 the side surfaces 62, 64 and the mating surfaces 66, 68 of the sealing element space 60 outlined.
- sealing elements 58 after the FIGS. 1 to 4 Also executable such that the inner ring 4 and the seal carrier 6 are braced against each other both in the axial direction x and in the radial direction z.
- a guide vane ring for a turbomachine whose inner ring and seal carrier are mutually braced by a spring-like sealing element, and a turbomachine with such a vane ring.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Leitschaufelkranz nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie eine Strömungsmaschine.The invention relates to a guide vane ring according to the preamble of
Strömungsmaschinen wie Flugzeugtriebwerke und stationäre Gasturbinen haben zur Einstellung optimaler Betriebsbedingungen regelmäßig zumindest eine verdichterseitige verstellbare Leitschaufelreihe mit einer Vielzahl von um ihre Hauptachse bzw. Schaufelachse verschwenkbaren Leitschaufeln. Die verstellbare bzw. variable Leitschaufelreihe bildet mit einem einen Rotorabschnitt umgreifenden Innenring einen Leitschaufelkranz. Der Innenring dient zur inneren Stabilisierung und Lagerung der Leitschaufeln. Er kann, wie in der
Weiterer Stand der Technik ist aus der
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch einen Leitschaufelkranz mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 und durch eine Strömungsmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 8. Ein erfindungsgemäßer Leitschaufelkranz für eine Strömungsmaschine hat eine Vielzahl von verdrehbaren Leitschaufeln, einen Innenring zur radial inneren Stabilisierung der Leitschaufeln und einen Dichtungsträger. Der Dichtungsträger ist radial innen zum Innenring angeordnet und an diesem formschlüssig gehalten. Erfindungsgemäß ist zwischen einem Innenringabschnitt und einem Dichtungsträgerabschnitt zumindest ein federartiges Dichtelement angeordnet, mittels dem der Innenring mit dem Dichtungsträger verspannt ist. Das zumindest eine Dichtelement ist in einem Dichtelementenraum angeordnet, der von einer Seitenfläche des Innenringabschnittes und von zumindest einer gegenüberliegenden Gegenfläche des Dichtungsträgerabschnittes begrenzt ist. Der Dichtelementenraum ist stromab der Leitschaufeln angeordnet.This object is achieved by a vane ring with the features of
Durch das Dichtelement werden zum einen Leckagepfade zwischen dem Innenring und dem Dichtungsträger abgedichtet. Durch die Federwirkung des Dichtelementes wird ein Montagspiel zwischen dem Innenring und dem Dichtungsträger beseitigt und somit eine definierte Lagefixierung des Dichtungsträgers an dem Innenring erreicht. Es wird eine konzentrische Positionierung der von dem Dichtungsträger getragenen Einlaufbeläge zum gegenüberliegenden Rotorabschnitt in jedem Betriebspunkt erreicht. Hierdurch können die rotorseitigen Dichtspitzen gleichmäßig in die Einlaufbeläge einlaufen und ein Radialspalt zum gegenüberliegenden Rotorabschnitt wird gleichmäßig abgedichtet. Je nachdem, ob eine Verspannung des Innenrings und des Dichtungsträgers in Radialrichtung oder in Axialrichtung beabsichtigt ist, liegen sich die Seitenfläche und die Gegenfläche in Radialrichtung oder in Axialrichtung gegenüber. Aus Montagesicht ist es günstig, wenn der Dichtelementenraum in Axialrichtung einseitig geöffnet ist, so dass das Dichtelement nach dem Aufschieben des Dichtungsträgers auf den Innenring in den Dichtelementenraum eingesetzt werden kann. Bei der stromabwärtigen Positionierung des Dichtelementenraums können die Außenmaße des Innenrings und des Dichtungsträgers unverändert bleiben. Somit können der erfindungsgemäße Innenring und der erfindungsgemäße Dichtungsträger als Austauschteile in einen herkömmlichen Leitschaufelkranz nachträglich integriert bzw. gegen dessen herkömmlichen Innenring und Dichtungsträger ausgetauscht werden.On the one hand leakage paths between the inner ring and the seal carrier are sealed by the sealing element. Due to the spring action of the sealing element an assembly clearance between the inner ring and the seal carrier is eliminated and thus achieves a defined positional fixation of the seal carrier on the inner ring. A concentric positioning of the inlet linings carried by the seal carrier to the opposite rotor section is achieved at each operating point. As a result, the rotor-side sealing tips can run evenly into the inlet linings and a radial gap to the opposite rotor section is evenly sealed. Depending on whether a tension of the inner ring and the seal carrier in the radial direction or in the axial direction, the side face and the counter face face each other in the radial direction or in the axial direction. From a mounting perspective, it is favorable if the sealing element space is opened on one side in the axial direction, so that the sealing element can be inserted into the sealing element space after the sealing carrier has been pushed onto the inner ring. In the downstream positioning of the sealing element space, the outer dimensions of the inner ring and the seal carrier can remain unchanged. Thus, the inner ring of the invention and the seal carrier according to the invention can be subsequently integrated as replacement parts in a conventional vane ring or exchanged for its conventional inner ring and seal carrier.
Bei einem Ausfuhrungsbeispiel verspannt das zumindest eine Dichtelement den Innenring und den Dichtungsträger in Radialrichtung bezogen auf eine Leitschaufelkranzachse bzw. eine Maschinenachse der Strömungsmaschine miteinander bzw. gegeneinander. Durch die radiale Verspannung wird gewährleistet, dass der Dichtungsträger zum Innenring und zum Rotorabschnitt konzentrisch ausgerichtet ist, da er umfangsseitig radial von außen nach innen mit einer konstanten Spannkraft beaufschlagt wird.In one exemplary embodiment, the at least one sealing element clamps the inner ring and the seal carrier in the radial direction with respect to a vane ring axis or a machine axis of the turbomachine with one another or against each other. The radial clamping ensures that the seal carrier is concentrically aligned with the inner ring and the rotor section, since it is acted upon circumferentially radially from outside to inside with a constant clamping force.
Bei einem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel verspannt das zumindest eine Dichtelement den Innenring und den Dichtungsträger in Axialrichtung miteinander bzw. gegeneinander. Hierdurch wird insbesondere gewährleistet, dass der Dichtungsträger in einer axialen Sollposition an dem Innenring angeordnet ist und seine Einlaufbeläge somit in ihrer axialen Sollposition zum Rotorabschnitt liegen. Selbstverständlich können der Dichtungsträger und der Innenring auch gleichzeitig in axialer und in radialer Richtung verspannt sein.In another embodiment, the at least one sealing element braces the inner ring and the seal carrier in the axial direction with each other or against each other. This ensures in particular that the seal carrier is arranged in an axial nominal position on the inner ring and its inlet linings thus lie in their axial nominal position to the rotor section. Of course, the seal carrier and the inner ring can also be clamped simultaneously in the axial and in the radial direction.
Der Dichtelementenraum kann vollumfänglich, d.h. in axialer und in radialer Richtung geschlossen sein. Hierdurch wird verhindert, dass das Dichtelement oder Teile des Dichtelementes aus dem Dichtelementenraum in die Strömungsmaschine eingesaugt werden kann/können. "Geschlossen" bedeutet, dass der der Dichtelementenraum derart ausgebildet ist, dass das Dichtelement oder Teile des Dichtelements nicht aus dem Dichtelementenraum herausgesaugt werden können. "Geschlossen" bedeutet nicht, dass der Dichtelementenraum ohne dem federartigen Dichtelement gasdicht ist. Unabhängig davon, ob der Dichtelementenraum umfangsseitig geöffnet oder geschlossen ist, ist der Dichtelementenraum stromab der Leitschaufeln angeordnet. Ein beispielhaftes Dichtelement hat ein ringförmiges C-Profil. Ein derartiges Profil ist einfach herzustellen, robust und erlaubt eine verlässliche Abdichtung und Verspannung.The sealing element space can be fully enclosed, ie closed in the axial and in the radial direction. This prevents that the sealing element or parts of the sealing element can be sucked from the sealing element space in the turbomachine / can. "Closed" means that the sealing element space is designed such that the sealing element or parts of the sealing element can not be sucked out of the sealing element space. "Closed" does not mean that the sealing element space without the spring-like sealing element is gas-tight. Regardless of whether the sealing element space is circumferentially open or closed, the sealing element space is arranged downstream of the guide vanes. An exemplary sealing element has an annular C-profile. Such a profile is easy to manufacture, robust and allows a reliable seal and tension.
Ein alternatives beispielhaftes Dichtelement hat ein ringförmiges V-Profil. Ein derartiges Profil ist einfach herzustellen und aufgrund der nahezu linienartigen Anlage an der Seitenfläche und der Gegenfläche einfach in den Dichtelementenraum in Umfangsrichtung einzuschieben. Ein anderes beispielhaftes Dichtelement hat ein ringförmiges W-Profil. Ein derartiges Profil erlaubt eine großflächige Anlage an der jeweiligen Seitenfläche und der jeweiligen Gegenfläche und weist somit eine große Dichtfläche auf.An alternative exemplary sealing element has an annular V-profile. Such a profile is easy to manufacture and easy to insert into the sealing element space in the circumferential direction due to the almost line-like contact with the side surface and the counter surface. Another exemplary sealing element has an annular W-profile. Such a profile allows a large-scale contact with the respective side surface and the respective mating surface and thus has a large sealing surface.
Das jeweilige Dichtelement kann als ein einteiliges Ringprofil ausgebildet sein oder aus einer Vielzahl von Ringsegmenten bestehen, die nebeneinander in den Dichtelementenraum eingelegt werden und einen geschlossenen Ring bilden.The respective sealing element may be formed as a one-piece ring profile or consist of a plurality of ring segments, which are inserted side by side in the sealing element space and form a closed ring.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Strömungsmaschine weist zumindest einen erfindungsgemäßen Leitschaufelkranz auf. Aufgrund der abgedichteten Leckagepfade zwischen dem Innenring und dem Dichtungsträger und der reduzierten Radialspaltverluste zwischen den Einlaufbelägen und den Dichtfins zeichnet sich eine derartige Strömungsmaschine durch einen höheren Verdichterwirkungsgrad als eine Strömungsmaschine mit einem herkömmlichen Leitschaufelkranz aus.A turbomachine according to the invention has at least one guide vane ring according to the invention. Due to the sealed leakage paths between the inner ring and the seal carrier and the reduced radial gap losses between the inlet liners and the sealing fins, such a turbomachine is characterized by a higher compressor efficiency than a turbomachine with a conventional vane ring.
Sonstige vorteilhafte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind Gegenstand weiterer Unteransprüche.Other advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of further subclaims.
Im Folgenden werden bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand stark vereinfachter schematischer Darstellungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
Figur 1- einen Axialschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Leitschaufelkranz im Bereich eines federartigen C-förmigen Dichtelements bei radialer Verspannung,
Figur 2- einen Axialschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Leitschaufelkranz im Bereich eines federartigen C-förmigen Dichtelements bei axialer Verspannung,
- Figur 3
- ein beispielhaftes federartiges V-förmiges Dichtelement, und
Figur 4- ein beispielhaftes federartiges W-förmiges Dichtelement.
- FIG. 1
- an axial section through a vane ring according to the invention in the area a spring-like C-shaped sealing element with radial clamping,
- FIG. 2
- an axial section through a guide vane ring according to the invention in the region of a spring-like C-shaped sealing element with axial strain,
- FIG. 3
- an exemplary spring-like V-shaped sealing element, and
- FIG. 4
- an exemplary spring-like W-shaped sealing element.
Gemäß
Die Leitschaufeln 2 sind um ihre sich radial zur Maschinenachse M erstreckende Hauptachse H verstellbar und haben jeweils ein Schaufelblatt 8, einen inneren Schaufelteller 10 und einen sich von dem Schaufelteller 10 radial nach innen erstreckenden Lagerzapfen 12. Zudem haben die Leitschaufeln 2 jeweils einen nicht gezeigten äußeren Schaufelteller sowie einen sich radial nach außen von dem äußeren Schaufelteller erstreckenden Verstellzapfen, der mit einer gehäuseseitigen Verstelleinrichtung zusammenwirkt.The
Die inneren Schaufelteller 10 sind jeweils in einem radialen äußeren Senkabschnitt 14 einer den Innenring 4 radial durchsetzenden Lagerbohrung 18 angeordnet. Sie haben eine radial innere und sich entlang der Maschinenachse M erstreckende Unterseite 20 und eine zur Unterseite 20 entgegengesetzte Oberseite 22. Die Oberseite 22 ist schräg zur Maschinenachse M angeordnet, wobei sie sich in Strömungsrichtung x radial von innen nach außen erstreckt. Sie bildet mit einer von der Lagerbohrung 18 durchsetzten Innenringfläche 24 einen stufenfreien bzw. nahezu stufenfreien radial inneren Seitenwandabschnitt eines von dem Hauptstrom durchströmten Ringraums.The
Der Innenring 4 dient zur radial inneren Stabilisierung bzw. Stützung der Leitschaufeln 2. Er weist die Lagerbohrungen 18 und die Innenringfläche 24 auf und ist über einen Radialspalt von dem Rotorabschnitt beabstandet. Er besteht aus zwei Halbringen mit jeweils einem Bogenabschnitt von 180°, die im Bereich einer horizontalen Gehäusetrennebene der Strömungsmaschine zum Innenring 4 zusammengesetzt sind. Selbstverständlich ist auch eine stärkere Segmentierung des Innenrings 4 beispielsweise in vier Ringsegmente möglich.The
Die Lagerbohrungen 18 durchsetzen den Innenring 4 in radialer Richtung. Sie haben einen Buchsenabschnitt 26 zur Aufnahme von Lagerbuchsen 28 und den gegenüber dem Buchsenabschnitt 26 radial erweiterten Senkabschnitt 14 zur Aufnahme der inneren Schaufelteller 10.The bearing bores 18 pass through the
Die Lagerbuchsen 28 sind radial von innen nach außen in die Buchsenabschnitte 26 eingesetzt. Sie haben einen T-förmigen Querschnitt mit jeweils einem Lagerabschnitt 30 und einem gegenüber dem Lagerabschnitt 30 radial erweiterten Kragen 32, mittels dem sie an jeweils einer radial inneren Schulterfläche 34 der Halbringe anliegen.The
Die Leitschaufeln 2 tauchen mit ihren Lagerzapfen 12 in die Lagerbuchsen 28 ein und sind somit bezogen auf ihre Hauptachse H in radialer Richtung drehbar geführt. Zusätzlich kann auf den Lagerzapfen 12 jeweils eine Gleitscheibe 36 aufgeschoben sein, die im montierten Zustand zwischen den Lagerbuchsen 28 und den Innendeckbändern 10 angeordnet ist und eine Gleitfläche für die Leitschaufeln 2 definieren. Die Gleitscheiben 36 bilden jeweils im Zusammenwirken mit dem Innendeckband 10 und dem Kragen 32 eine bezogen auf die Hauptachse H axiale Führung der Laufschaufeln 2.The
Die Innenringfläche 24 erstreckt sich stromab der Lagerbohrungen 18 über einen hinteren und schräg zur Maschinenachse M radial von innen nach außen angestellten Axialvorsprung 38 des Innenrings 4. Zwischen dem Axialvorsprung 38 und den Schaufelblättern 8 ist jeweils ein radialer sogenannter Fahnenspalt 42 gebildet, der zur Erzielung eines hohen Wirkungsgrades der Strömungsmaschine und einer hohen Pumpgrenze minimiert ist. Zur Einstellung des Fahnenspaltes 42 sind zumindest einige der Leitschaufeln 2 mit dem Innenring 4 bzw. den Halbringen in radialer Richtung mechanisch gekoppelt. Die mechanische Kopplung kann beispielsweise mittels axialen Sicherungsstiften erfolgen, die den Innenring 4 zumindest einseitig durchsetzen und in eine entsprechende Ringnut der Lagerzapfen 12 eingreifen.The
Zur Aufnahme des Dichtungsträgers 6 hat der Innenring 4 eine vordere stirnseitige Ringvertiefung 44 sowie einen hinteren axialen Ringvorsprung 46, die radial innenliegend zur Innenringfläche 24 angeordnet sind.For receiving the
Der Dichtungsträger 6 dient zur Positionierung von Einlaufbelägen 48,50 zur Abdichtung des Radialspaltes zwischen dem Rotor und dem Innenring 4. Er ist radial innenliegend an dem Innenring 4 formschlüssig angeordnet. Er hat vorzugsweise zwei halbkreisförmige Trägersegmente, die in Umfangsrichtung auf die Ringsegmente geschoben werden. Ein Trägersegment besteht jeweils aus einem Grundkörper 52, an dessen Innenumfangsflächen die Einlaufbeläge 48, 50 zum Eingriff von rotorseitigen Dichtspitzen bzw. Dichtfins angebracht sind. Die Einlaufbeläge 48, 50 sind beispielsweise Honigwabendichtungen.The
Zur Fixierung des Dichtungsträgers 6 an dem Innenring 4 weisen die Grundkörper 52 jeweils einen vorderen Hakenvorsprung 54 und eine hintere Ringvertiefung 56 auf. Mit dem Hakenvorsprung 54 greift der Dichtungsträger 6 formschlüssig in die vordere Ringvertiefung 44 des Innenrings 4 ein. Die hintere Ringvertiefung 56 dient zur Aufnahme des hinteren Ringvorsprungs 46 des Innenrings 4.For fixing the
Zur Sicherstellung der Montierbarkeit des Dichtungsträgers 6 an dem Innenring 4 sind die vordere Ringvertiefung 44 und der vordere Hakenvorsprung 54 sowie der hintere Ringvorsprung 46 und die hintere Ringvertiefung 56 derart aufeinander abgestimmt, dass zwischen dem Innenring 4 und dem Dichtungsträger 6 ein Montagespiel gebildet ist. Der Dichtungsträger 6 ist somit in Axialrichtung x und in Radialrichtung z relativ zum Innenring 4 bewegbar. Zum Eliminieren des Montagespiels nach der Montage und somit im Betrieb der Strömungsmaschine sind der Innenring 4 und der Dichtungsträger 6 erfindungsgemäß über ein federartiges Dichtelement 58 gegeneinander bzw. miteinander verspannt. Zudem bewirkt das federartige Dichtelement 58 eine Abdichtung von Leckagepfaden zwischen dem Innenring 4 und dem Dichtungsträger 6, die aufgrund des Montagespiels gebildet werden.To ensure the mountability of the
Das Dichtelement 58 ist in einem Dichtelementenraum 60 zwischen einem Abschnitt des Innenrings 4 und einem Abschnitt des Dichtungsträgers 6 angeordnet. Es hat beispielsweise ein C-förmiges Profil. Es besteht aus mehreren bogenartigen Profil segmenten, die zusammengesetzt bzw. in Umfangsrichtung des Leitschaufelkranzes 1 nebeneinanderliegend einen geschlossenen Ring bilden. Bevorzugterweise besteht das Dichtelement 58 aus zwei Profilsegmenten, die jeweils einen Bogen von 180° umspannen.The sealing
Der Dichtelementenraum 60 erstreckt sich in Umfangsrichtung des Innenrings 4 und des Dichtungsträgers 6. Er ist ein Ringraum und stromab der Leitschaufeln 2 angeordnet. Er hat einen quadratischen bzw. rechteckigen Querschnitt und ist zwischen dem Axialvorsprung 38 und dem hinteren Ringvorsprung 46 ausgebildet. Er wird von zwei Seitenflächen 62, 64 des Innenrings 4 sowie von zwei Gegenflächen 66, 68 des Dichtungsträgers 6 begrenzt, von denen sich jeweils eine in Radialrichtung z (Seitenfläche 62, Gegenfläche 68) und eine in Axialrichtung x (Seitenfläche 64, Gegenfläche 66) erstreckt.The sealing
Bei dem in
Bei der radialen Verspannung ist es grundsätzlich möglich, auf die axial hintere Gegenfläche 68 zu verzichten und den Dichtelementenraum 60 in Axialrichtung x geöffnet auszubilden. Hierdurch wird die Montage des Dichtelementes 58 wesentlich vereinfacht, da das Dichtelement 58 erst nach dem Aufschieben des jeweiligen Dichtungsträgersegmentes 6 auf den jeweiligen Halbring des Innenrings 4 axial von hinten in den Dichtelementenraum 60 eingesetzt werden kann. Um zu verhindern, dass das Dichtelement 58 in die Strömungsmaschine eingesaugt wird, wird es jedoch bevorzugt, wenn der Dichtelementenraum 60 vollumfänglich geschlossen ist. "Geschlossen" bedeutet, dass der der Dichtelementenraum 60 derart ausgebildet ist, dass das Dichtelement 58 oder Teile des Dichtelements nicht aus dem Dichtelementenraum 60 herausgesaugt werden kann bzw. können. "Geschlossen" bedeutet nicht, dass der Dichtelementenraum 60 ohne dem federartigen Dichtelement 58 gasdicht ist.In the case of radial clamping, it is fundamentally possible to dispense with the axially
Wie in dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach
In den
Selbstverständlich sind die Dichtelemente 58 nach den
Offenbart ist ein Leitschaufelkranz für eine Strömungsmaschine, dessen Innenring und Dichtungsträger mittels eines federartigen Dichtelementes gegenseitig verspannt sind, sowie eine Strömungsmaschine mit einem derartigen Leitschaufelkranz.Disclosed is a guide vane ring for a turbomachine whose inner ring and seal carrier are mutually braced by a spring-like sealing element, and a turbomachine with such a vane ring.
- 11
- Leitschaufelkranzvane ring
- 22
- Leitschaufelnvanes
- 44
- Innenringinner ring
- 66
- Dichtungsträgerseal carrier
- 88th
- Schaufelblattairfoil
- 1010
- innerer Schaufeltellerinner shovel plate
- 1212
- Lagerzapfenpivot
- 1414
- Senkabschnittlowering section
- 1818
- Lagerbohrungbearing bore
- 2020
- Unterseitebottom
- 2222
- Oberseitetop
- 2424
- InnenringflächeInner ring surface
- 2626
- Buchsenabschnittbushing section
- 2828
- Lagerbuchsenbushings
- 3030
- Lagerabschnittbearing section
- 3232
- Kragencollar
- 3434
- Schulterflächeshoulder surface
- 3636
- Gleitscheibesliding disk
- 3838
- Axialvorsprungaxial projection
- 4242
- Fahnenspaltflags gap
- 4444
- vordere Ringvertiefungfront ring recess
- 4646
- hinterer Ringvorsprungrear ring projection
- 4848
- Einlaufbelaginlet lining
- 5050
- Einlaufbelaginlet lining
- 5252
- Grundkörperbody
- 5454
- vorderer Hakenvorsprungfront hook projection
- 5656
- hintere Ringvertiefungrear ring recess
- 5858
- Dichtelementsealing element
- 6060
- DichtelementenraumSealing elements Space
- 6262
- Seitenfläche radialSide surface radially
- 6464
- Seitenfläche axialSide surface axially
- 6666
- Gegenfläche radialCounter surface radially
- 6868
- Gegenfläche axialCounter surface axially
- 7070
- Vertiefungsgrundrecess base
- HH
- Hauptachse/SchaufelachseMajor axis / blade axis
- MM
- Maschinenachsemachine axis
- xx
- Strömungsrichtung/AxialrichtungFlow direction / axial direction
- zz
- Radialrichtungradial direction
Claims (8)
- Guide vane ring (1) for a turbomachine, comprising a plurality of rotatable guide vanes (2), comprising an inner ring (4) for radially inward stabilization of the guide vanes (2) and comprising a seal support (6), wherein the seal support (6) is arranged radially inwards with respect to the inner ring (4) and is form-fittingly held thereon, wherein at least one spring-like sealing element (58) is arranged between an inner ring portion and a seal support portion, by means of which element the inner ring (4) is braced with the seal support (6), wherein the sealing element (58) is arranged in a sealing element chamber (60) that is delimited by a lateral surface (62, 64) of the inner ring portion and by at least one opposing mating surface (66, 68) of the seal support portion, wherein the sealing element chamber (60) is arranged downstream of the guide vanes (2).
- Guide vane ring (1) according to claim 1, wherein the at least one sealing element (58) braces the inner ring and the sealing support together in the radial direction (z).
- Guide vane ring (1) according to claim 1, wherein the at least one sealing element (58) braces the inner ring (4) and the seal support (6) together in the axial direction (x).
- Guide vane ring according to claim 3, wherein the sealing element chamber (60) is closed off in the axial direction (x) and in the radial direction (z).
- Guide vane ring according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the sealing element (58) has a C-shaped profile.
- Guide vane ring according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sealing element (58) has a V-shaped profile.
- Guide vane ring according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sealing element (58) has a W-shaped profile.
- Turbomachine comprising at least one guide vane ring (1) according to any of the preceding claims.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12179455.6A EP2696038B1 (en) | 2012-08-07 | 2012-08-07 | Guide vane row for a turbomachine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12179455.6A EP2696038B1 (en) | 2012-08-07 | 2012-08-07 | Guide vane row for a turbomachine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2696038A1 EP2696038A1 (en) | 2014-02-12 |
EP2696038B1 true EP2696038B1 (en) | 2018-07-25 |
Family
ID=46642410
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12179455.6A Active EP2696038B1 (en) | 2012-08-07 | 2012-08-07 | Guide vane row for a turbomachine |
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EP (1) | EP2696038B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3019597B1 (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2016-03-25 | Turbomeca | TURBOMACHINE COMPRESSOR WITH VARIABLE SHIFT AUBES |
EP3192975A1 (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2017-07-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Gas turbine with annular sealing element and corresponding annular sealing element |
CN108533333B (en) * | 2018-05-05 | 2023-10-13 | 宁波天生密封件有限公司 | Steam turbine cannula sealing device and use method thereof |
US11359509B1 (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2022-06-14 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Variable guide vane assembly with bushing ring and biasing member |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2824593B1 (en) * | 2001-05-10 | 2003-07-18 | Snecma Moteurs | ARRANGEMENT FOR SUPPORTING STATOR BLADE PIVOTS WITH TWO RING PARTS LINKED BY AN INTERNAL ELEMENT |
US7291946B2 (en) * | 2003-01-27 | 2007-11-06 | United Technologies Corporation | Damper for stator assembly |
DE102007015669A1 (en) * | 2007-03-31 | 2008-10-02 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | turbomachinery |
DE102008032661A1 (en) * | 2008-07-10 | 2010-01-14 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | flow machine |
-
2012
- 2012-08-07 EP EP12179455.6A patent/EP2696038B1/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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