EP2695707B1 - Device for machining surfaces - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for machining surfaces comprising a cutting disc which is rotated by means of a rotary drive, wherein the cutting disc is rotatably mounted at a first end of a pivot arm, the second end of a carriage which is mounted on a carrier in a is arranged movable to the disk plane parallel feed direction is pivotally articulated, and the rotary drive for the disc, and a pivot drive for the pivot arm on the carriage or on the pivot arm are arranged, wherein cross members are provided on which the carrier in a parallel to the disk plane and According to the preamble of claim 1 is arranged movable to the feed direction vertical adjustment.

The cutting disc is, for example, a milling or grinding wheel used for machining wall, floor or ceiling surfaces, wherein a disc surface is guided parallel to the working surface and pressed against the surface to be machined. In the pamphlets WO 2007/141320 A1 . EP 2208573 A1 . DE 2648960 A1 and WO 2004/108351 A2 In each case devices for processing surfaces are described. In the WO 2007/141320 A1 , a pivotable mounting of the grinding head is described.

It is also known to manually guide cutting discs for processing these surfaces in order to remove material layers from these surfaces. Work of this kind is exhausting and tedious and requires long working hours, since usually only about one square meter per hour can be processed by human effort. If the surfaces to be treated also contain contaminants, for example in nuclear power plant areas where the areas of ionizing radiation or contamination by unstable nuclides have been exposed, the work must wear protective suits which make the work even more difficult and dangerous. In particular, the processing of ceiling surfaces can be accomplished only with great effort. In addition, the removed material represents a dust load, which also contaminates the interior air of contaminated areas by contaminants. Covers and exhaust devices would in turn increase the overall weight of the cutting tool and thereby require even greater effort.

Although it would be conceivable to automate the machining process by the cutting tool mounted on guide rails and the like and remote controlled from a safe distance, however, requires the installation and constant repositioning of the guide rails a time, which offers no time advantage over manual work.

It is therefore the object of the invention to accomplish the machining of surfaces by means of cutting tools in such a way that not only increases the safety and the manual effort of the work is reduced, but the processing of the surfaces can also be done faster than with manual processing.

These objects are achieved by the features of claim 1. Claim 1 relates to an apparatus for machining surfaces comprising a cutting disc which is rotated by means of a rotary drive, wherein the cutting disc is rotatably mounted on a first end of a pivot arm, the second end of a carriage, which is mounted on a support is arranged pivotably in one, the disc plane parallel feed direction, pivotally mounted, and the rotary drive for the disc, and a pivot drive for the pivot arm on the carriage or on the pivot arm are arranged, wherein cross members are provided, on which the carrier in one, the disc plane parallel and arranged to be movable perpendicular to the feed direction adjustment. According to the invention, it is proposed here that the disk is movable by means of a controllable pressing unit in a pressing direction perpendicular to the disk plane, wherein the carrier is movably mounted on the cross members by means of cross member carriages, and the pressing unit is fixedly connected on one side to the cross member carriage, and on the other side to the latter Carrier.

The invention thus provides, on the one hand, a carriage which is movably arranged on a carrier and, on the other hand, a swivel arm, via which the cutting disc is connected to the carriage. The carriage allows remote control of the cutting disc along the carrier, reducing the workers' effort and increasing their safety, as they no longer have to be in the vicinity of the surfaces to be processed. The processing speed is increased significantly by the inventively provided pivot arm, as in the successful positioning of the carrier by pivoting the pivot arm, a larger area can be edited. In addition, due to the pivoting of the disc can be processed as wall surfaces and surfaces that are covered in horizontal projection from the carrier by the disc is pivoted in the space between the carrier and the surface to be machined. Furthermore, corner areas of interiors are also better accessible by means of the device according to the invention. Applicant's first experiments have shown that the removal rate, including assembly of the carrier, can be increased to about twenty square meters per hour, which is a twenty-fold increase over the conventional manual processing speed. Furthermore, the driving power of the cutting disc can be significantly increased, namely currently up to about 22 kW. For reasons of safety at work, hand-operated machines usually have drive powers of less than 1.5 kW.

Due to the feature that the pivot drive and the rotary drive on the carriage or on the pivot arm are arranged, a functional, modular unit is created, the easy on different straps can be arranged. It is advantageous if the feed motor for the movement of the carriage in its feed direction along the carrier is arranged on the carriage, although it is also conceivable that the feed motor is arranged for this purpose on the support and via actuators such as tensioning belts and the like with the Carriage is connected.

Furthermore, it is proposed that crossbeams are provided on which the carrier is movably arranged in an adjustment direction parallel to the slice plane and perpendicular to the feed direction. In this way, the disc is guided two-dimensionally adjustable in one plane, so that with a single installation of the carrier and cross member an entire floor, wall or ceiling surface can be edited. The cross members may be part of a scaffold, which is positioned free standing above, in front of or below the surface to be machined, or they may be mounted on the surface to be machined.

According to the invention, it is proposed that the pane can be moved by means of a controllable pressing unit into a pressing direction perpendicular to the pane plane. The contact pressure of the pressing unit is preferably infinitely controllable, the contact pressure defining the milling or grinding depth together with the feed speed. According to the invention it is further provided that the carrier is arranged to be movable on the cross members by means of cross member carriage, and the pressing unit is firmly connected on the one hand to the cross member carriage, and on the other hand to the carrier. In this way, the carrier is moved in a direction perpendicular to the disk plane pressing direction and thus the disc, wherein the pressing unit is supported on the cross member slide on the cross member.

In this way, a precise maintenance of the milling depth is achieved, whereby adjustable stops can be provided on the pressing unit, which limit the milling depth mechanically exact. In addition, the cross member may be rotatably mounted in its axis, so that the milling tool can be set exactly in two axes. A precise adjustment of the milling depth is not only necessary for the "leveling" of areas, but also for the billing of the service and to fulfill the specifications of the client. The service of milling (sanding) walls is usually calculated in square meters, whereby this square meter usually refers to 3 mm milling depth. If, for example, a 9 mm thick layer has to be milled off, a wall area milled out of one square meter becomes a calculation area of three square meters. As part of the decontamination of areas in nuclear power plant areas, it is assumed that per year of operation of the reactor, the contamination penetrates one millimeter deep into the concrete, so that one millimeter must be removed for decontamination per year of operation. Since the volume of contaminated waste is decisive for the disposal and storage costs, the exact removal depth plays a major role.

The guide according to the invention on the support also has the advantage that any measuring devices can be carried on the support in a well-defined distance to the processed wall surface to measure whether the milled surface can already be released, or if another layer removed must become.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the cutting disc is rotatably mounted at the first end of the pivot arm about an axis of rotation which is perpendicular to the disc plane, and the second end of the pivot arm is hinged to the carriage about a pivot axis which is perpendicular to the disc plane the plane of movement of the disc when pivoting the pivot arm is parallel to the carrier and the disc is pivotable in this plane of movement both above and below a vertical projection of the carrier on the plane of movement. The disk can therefore be pivoted with unchanged positioning of the carrier both above and below the carrier.

Since the disc is motorized guided on the carrier, it can be larger in diameter and thus heavier, since the manual effort is no longer limiting size. Furthermore, the disc may be provided with a cover which is closed at its, the pivot arm-facing side, and at its, the pivot arm opposite side is open, wherein the cover has a suction device. Removed material is thus sucked controlled and therefore charged neither the workers, nor the indoor air. To make the cover of the disc during the processing of a surface denser, it can be provided that the surrounding the peripheral portion of the disc cover of the cover has elastic jacket elements which protrude in the axial direction of the disc on the, the pivot arm facing away from the disc surface. If the disk is pressed with this disk surface to the surface to be machined, thus apply the elastic mantle elements of the cover to the surface to be machined and produce around the disc a largely sealed area.

In order to quickly dissipate the removed material, it is further proposed that the disk has apertures distributed over the disk surface whose side edges are oblique. In this way, a suction effect is achieved, so that the removed material can be fed through the apertures quickly a, preferably centrally arranged on the cover suction device. It is advantageous to provide the cover with a tangentially projecting intake for ambient air. In this way, an air flow is generated within the cover, which initially runs tangentially from the intake, starting in the outer peripheral regions of the disc, and is subsequently deflected in an increasingly radial direction until it crosses the disc using the apertures and arranged from a centrally Suction is sucked off. Removed material can thus be removed efficiently and without burdening the ambient air.

• Fig. 1 eine erste Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Bearbeitung einer Wandfläche, bei der die Querträger an der zu bearbeitenden Wandfläche montiert sind,
• Fig. 2 eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Anpresseinheit für die Ausführungsform gemäß der Fig. 1,
• Fig. 3 eine weitere Ansicht der Anpresseinheit gemäß der Fig. 2,
• Fig. 4 eine vergrößerte Darstellung des Schlittens und der an ihm angelenkten Scheibe für die Ausführungsform gemäß der Fig. 1,
• Fig. 5 eine weitere Ansicht des Schlittens und der Scheibe gemäß der Fig. 4,
• Fig. 6 eine weitere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Bearbeitung einer Wandfläche, bei der die Querträger Teil eines Gerüstes sind,
• Fig. 7 eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Anpresseinheit für die Ausführungsform gemäß der Fig. 6,
• Fig. 8 eine weitere Ansicht der Anpresseinheit gemäß der Fig. 7,
• Fig. 9 eine vergrößerte Darstellung des Schlittens und der an ihm angelenkten Scheibe für die Ausführungsform gemäß der Fig. 6,
• Fig. 10 eine weitere Ansicht des Schlittens und der Scheibe gemäß der Fig. 9,
• Fig. 11 eine weitere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Bearbeitung einer Deckenfläche, wobei die Querträger Teil eines Gerüstes sind,
• Fig. 12 eine vergrößerte Ansicht des Schlittens und der an ihm angelenkten Scheibe für die Ausführungsform der Fig. 11 gemäß oberem eingekreisten Bereich,
• Fig. 13 eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Anpresseinheit für die Ausführungsform gemäß der Fig. 11,
• Fig. 14 eine vergrößerte Ansicht der Stützrollen für das Gerüst gemäß der Ausführungsform von Fig. 11 (unterer eingekreister Bereich), und die
• Fig. 15 eine Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Bearbeitung einer Wandfläche, bei der die Querträger Teil eines Gerüstes sind, wobei die bearbeitbaren Flächen eingezeichnet sind.

The invention will be explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments with the aid of the enclosed figures. It show here the

• Fig. 1 a first embodiment of the device according to the invention for processing a wall surface, in which the cross members are mounted on the wall surface to be processed,
• Fig. 2 an enlarged view of the pressing unit for the embodiment according to the Fig. 1 .
• Fig. 3 a further view of the pressing unit according to the Fig. 2 .
• Fig. 4 an enlarged view of the carriage and the hinged to him disc for the embodiment according to the Fig. 1 .
• Fig. 5 another view of the carriage and the disc according to the Fig. 4 .
• Fig. 6 a further embodiment of the device according to the invention for processing a wall surface, in which the cross members are part of a framework,
• Fig. 7 an enlarged view of the pressing unit for the embodiment according to the Fig. 6 .
• Fig. 8 a further view of the pressing unit according to the Fig. 7 .
• Fig. 9 an enlarged view of the carriage and the hinged to him disc for the embodiment according to the Fig. 6 .
• Fig. 10 another view of the carriage and the disc according to the Fig. 9 .
• Fig. 11 a further embodiment of the device according to the invention for processing a ceiling surface, wherein the cross members are part of a scaffold,
• Fig. 12 an enlarged view of the carriage and the hinged to him disc for the embodiment of Fig. 11 according to upper circled area,
• Fig. 13 an enlarged view of the pressing unit for the embodiment according to the Fig. 11 .
• Fig. 14 an enlarged view of the support rollers for the frame according to the embodiment of Fig. 11 (lower circled area), and the
• Fig. 15 a view of the device according to the invention for processing a wall surface, wherein the cross member are part of a scaffold, wherein the machinable surfaces are located.

The Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of the device according to the invention for processing a wall surface 1, in which the cross member 2 are mounted on rail brackets 3 on the wall surface 1 to be processed. As attachment types, mechanical fasteners can be used via screws and the like, magnetic fastening systems, or also by means of negative pressure fastenings. But the cross member 2 are always attached only temporarily to the wall surface 1, and serve as an abutment for receiving contact pressure and torque of the device according to the invention during the machining process. The cross members 2 are designed approximately as rails on which a carrier 4 is arranged movable via cross member carriage 5. By means of the cross member carriage 5 thus the carrier 4 in the vertical direction is movable up and down. On the carrier 4, a carriage 6 is movably arranged along the carrier 4, wherein the direction of movement parallel to the carrier 4, the feed direction of the carriage 6 during processing he wall surface 1 represents. On the carriage 6 in particular a pivot arm 7 is pivoted, wherein the pivot arm 7 carries at its free end the cutting disc 8. The cutting disc 8 rotates during the processing of the wall surface 1 about a pivot point, which is in the region of the free end of the pivot arm 7, wherein the pivot arm 7 in turn at the same time about a pivot point which is located in the region of the carriage, can be pivoted, in a plane parallel to the disk plane. The pivotability of the pivot arm 7 is preferably 360 ° in this plane.

In the Fig. 2 and the Fig. 3 an enlarged view of a pressing unit 9 is shown. The pressing unit 9 is arranged on a cross member carriage 5 and in particular comprises a pressure cylinder 10, such as a pneumatic cylinder. The pressure cylinder 10 is on the one hand fixedly mounted on the cross member carriage 5, wherein the piston of the Anpresszylinders 10 moves a guided on the cross member carriage 5 control element which is fixedly connected to the carrier 4. The contact pressure of the pressing unit 9 is preferably infinitely controllable, wherein the contact pressure together with the feed rate set the milling or grinding depth. Furthermore, an adjusting motor 11 is arranged on the cross member carriage 5, which causes the vertical up and down movement of the cross member carriage 5 on the cross member 2, such as by a gear is driven, which meshes with a arranged on the cross member 2 rack.

The Fig. 4 and the Fig. 5 show an enlarged view of the carriage 6 and the hinged to him disc 8 for the embodiment according to the Fig. 1 , In the Fig. 4 is the swivel arm 7 can be seen, which can be rotated via a rotary drive. The rotary drive is arranged either at the free end of the pivot arm 7 in order to shorten the transmission path for the torque from the rotary drive to the disc 8, or it is arranged on the carriage 6 and connected to the disc 8 via a transmission which bridges the pivot arm 7. The pivot drive 12 is preferably arranged on the carriage 6. In the 4 and 5 are not shown for reasons of clarity hose or cable feeders. The disc 8 is provided on its, the wall surface 1 facing disc surface as with chip-removing abrasive elements 19 made of polycrystalline diamond (PCD).

In order to compensate for unevenness and to preserve the disc 8, the disc 8 is resiliently mounted on the pivot arm 7, for example by means of a plate spring. Furthermore, the disc 8 is provided with a cover 14, which is closed on its, the pivot arm 7 side facing, and on its, the pivot arm 7 side facing away. To denser the cover of the disc 8 during the processing of the wall surface 1, the circumferential region of the disc 8 surrounding cover 15 of the cover 14 elastic shell elements 16 which protrude in the axial direction of the disc 8 on the pivot arm 7 facing away from the disc surface , If the disk 8 is pressed against the wall surface 1 to be processed with this disk surface, then the elastic jacket elements 16 of the cover 14 are applied to the wall surface 1 and produce a largely sealed region around the disk 8.

In order to dissipate the removed material rapidly, the disk 8 has apertures 17 distributed over the disk surface, the side edges of which are oblique. In this way, a suction effect is achieved, so that the removed material through the openings 17 through a quickly, preferably centrally disposed on the suction hood 14 suction device can be supplied. It is advantageous to provide the cover 15 with a tangentially projecting intake 18 for ambient air. In this way, an air flow within the cover 14 is generated, which initially extends tangentially from the intake manifold 18, starting in the outer peripheral regions of the disc 8, and is subsequently deflected in an increasingly radial direction until it crosses the disc 8 by means of the apertures 17 and is sucked off by a centrally arranged suction device. Furthermore, the carriage 6 has an exhaust pipe 13 for connecting a suction hose, which is connected to a suction opening in the central regions of the cover 14. Removed material can thus be removed efficiently and without burdening the ambient air.

Furthermore, a feed motor 20 is arranged on the carriage 6, which causes the horizontal advancing movement of the carriage 6 on the carrier 4, such as by a gear is driven, which meshes with a carrier 4 arranged on the rack.

The Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment of the device according to the invention for processing a wall surface 1, in which the cross member 2 part of a scaffold, which is positioned in front of the wall surface 1. The framework is essentially formed by the cross members 2, as well as by supports 22. The execution of the pressing unit 9 and the cross member carriage 5 (see FIGS. 7 and 8 ), as well as the carrier 4, the carriage 6 and the disc 8 (see FIGS. 9 and 10 ) otherwise corresponds to that of Fig. 2 to 5 ,

The Fig. 11 shows a further embodiment of the device according to the invention for processing a ceiling surface, wherein the cross member 2 part of a scaffold, which is positioned below the ceiling surface. The framework is also mounted on a lift 21 to edit different room heights with the same framework can. The structural changes of the components described above are minimal, essentially find the same components apply unchanged. However, the supports 22 now also serve as an abutment for the cross member carriages 5, which need not be moved vertically in the course of processing a ceiling surface. The pressure cylinder 10 is in turn fixedly mounted on the cross member carriage 5 and thus also supports itself on the supports 22 (see in particular Fig. 12 and 13 ). If, in the case of a specific positioning of the framework, a corresponding partial surface of the ceiling surface has been processed, the entire framework must be repositioned in order to be able to process a next partial surface. This effort is significantly reduced by the pivoting of the disc 8.

The Fig. 12 shows an enlarged view of the carriage 6 and the hinged to him disc 8 for the embodiment according to the Fig. 11 , and the Fig. 13 an enlarged view of the pressing unit 9 for the embodiment according to the Fig. 11 , Wherein the execution of the carrier 4, the carriage 6 and the disc 8 that of 4 and 5 correspond.

The Fig. 14 shows an enlarged view of the support rollers for the frame according to the embodiment of Fig. 11 , which allow for easier transport of the scaffold when tilted.

In the Fig. 15 is a view of the device according to the invention for processing a wall surface 1 is shown, in which the cross member 2 are part of a scaffold, wherein the machinable surfaces 23 in the form of the surfaces 23a and 23b are located. The surface 23a shows the significantly enlarged working range of the disk 8 when positioning the carrier 4. The surface 23b shows that the end edges of the wall surface 1 are easily accessible, and only small corner regions 24 remain, which can be manually reworked. However, the largest surface portions of the wall surface 1 can be machined and remotely controlled. The operator is connected to the drive motors and the suction device via appropriate cable and hose feeders, but may be in a non-contaminated area. The inventive device may further be equipped with a programmable controller, with the relevant parameters such as speed of rotation of the disc 8, feed rate of the carriage 6, pivoting movements of the swing arm 7, adjustment speeds of the cross member carriage 5, contact pressure of the pressing unit 9, and the travel paths and whose sequence can be preprogrammed according to the respective work situation. Thus, the device according to the invention can carry out the entire process independently and automatically, which brings significant benefits in extreme environmental conditions, such as in the contaminated area of nuclear power plants.

Thus, by means of the invention, the machining of surfaces by means of cutting tools can be accomplished in such a way that not only the safety and the manual effort of the work is reduced, but also the machining of the surfaces can take place more quickly than with manual processing.

Claims (6)

1. An apparatus for machining surfaces, comprising a metal-cutting disc (8) which is made to rotate by means of a rotary drive, wherein the metal-cutting disc (8) is rotatably mounted at a first end of a pivot arm (7), whose second end is pivotably linked to a carriage (6) which is movably arranged on a support (4) in a feed direction parallel to the disc plane, and the rotary drive for the disc (8) and a pivot drive (12) for the pivot arm (7) are arranged on the carriage (6) or on the pivot arm (7), wherein crossbeams (2) are provided on which the support (4) is movably arranged in an adjusting direction which is parallel to the disc plane and perpendicularly to the feed direction, characterized in that the disc (8) is movable by means of a controllable pressing unit (9) in a pressing direction which is perpendicularly to the disc plane, wherein the support (4) is movably arranged on the crossbeams (2) by means of crossbeam carriages (5), and the pressing unit (9) is connected to the crossbeam carriage (5) on the one hand and the support (4) on the other hand.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal-cutting disc (8) is rotatably mounted at the first end of the pivot arm (7) about a rotational axis which is arranged perpendicularly to the disc plane, and the second end of the pivot arm (7) is linked to the carriage (6) about a pivot axis which is arranged perpendicularly to the disc plane, wherein the movement plane of the disc (8) extends parallel to the support (4) during pivoting of the pivot arm (7) and the disc (8) is pivotable in said movement plane both above and also beneath a perpendicular projection of the support (4) on the movement plane.
3. An apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the disc (8) is provided with a covering cap (14), which is closed on its side facing the pivot arm (7) and is open on its side facing away from the pivot arm (7), wherein the covering cap (14) comprises a suction device.
4. An apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the covering jacket (15) of the covering cap (14) which surrounds the circumferential region of the disc (8) comprises elastic jacket elements (16), which in the axial direction of the disc (8) protrude beyond the disc surface facing away from the pivot arm (7).
5. An apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the covering jacket (15) is provided with a tangentially protruding intake manifold (18) for ambient air.
6. An apparatus according to one of the claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the disc (8) comprises breakthroughs (17) which are distributed over the disc surface and whose side edges are formed obliquely.

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