EP2670541A2

EP2670541A2 - Indirect extrusion press and method for indirect extrusion

Info

Publication number: EP2670541A2
Application number: EP12714533.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Uwe Muschalik
Original assignee: SMS Meer GmbH
Current assignee: SMS Group GmbH
Priority date: 2011-01-07
Filing date: 2012-01-06
Publication date: 2013-12-11
Anticipated expiration: 2032-01-06
Also published as: CN103347622B; ES2864587T3; EP2670541B1; DE112012000417A5; CN103347622A; WO2012092923A3; WO2012092923A2

Abstract

In order to minimize the setup times in the case of an indirect extrusion press in which a shell of residual material is formed during the extrusion, having a tool head which comprises a die and is arranged on an indirect punch, the tool head is formed such that, after a shearing ring that has a shearing edge, it tapers in the direction of the indirect punch.

Description

Indirect extruder and indirect extrusion process

[Ol] The invention relates to an indirect extrusion press and to a process for indirect extrusion.

[02] In the indirect pressing of raw metal blocks, such as copper, brass or equivalent alloys, the forming process is carried out to form a press to form a shell, for example, to prevent contaminants on the surface of the block to be formed from entering the finished press product. Here, a tool head, which includes a die, held in its diameter to the extent smaller than the inner diameter of a billet that a shell of about 0.2 to 2.0 mm wall thickness remains on the inner wall of the billet, as this, for example, in EP 0 224 115 B1. Even with other materials, such as aluminum, the formation of a shell may be advantageous.

In this case, a distinction must be made between direct and indirect pressing operations, it being possible to produce larger press products during direct pressing under the same guidance of a press ram and the metal to be formed. In indirect pressing, in which the named as Indirektstempel ram and the material are guided in opposite directions, occur less friction forces, since the material does not need to be relocated relative to the billet. As a rule, however, only smaller press products can be produced during indirect pressing, since the press product has to be removed through the indirect punch.

To reduce material stresses in the Indirektstempel DE 101 31 901 A1 proposes to unscrew a clearing ring on the Indirektstempel and relieve with a lock nut or a wear plate and / or a die via pin, which shrunk into corresponding holes of Indirektstempels are to attach. The disadvantage here, however, is the fact that the removal of the shell, because of the releasable but positive connection, a disassembly and assembly work must be done, which extend the setup times of such an extruder unfavorable. [05] It is therefore an object of the present invention to minimize the set-up times of an indirect extrusion press in which a shell of residual material is formed during pressing.

In order to achieve this object, an indirect extrusion press with a tool comprising a die, arranged on a Indirektstempel tool head, which is characterized in that the tool head after a shear edge having a shear ring or after a shear edge having a reaming ring in the direction is designed to taper to a stripping level. In this case, the stripping plane is generally oriented perpendicular to the pressing direction and, depending on the specific implementation of the present invention, may be designed to be cutting in front of or behind the tool head or else the tool head.

In deviation from the indirect extruder, as disclosed in DE 101 31 901 A 1 and softer the tool head in the region of a belonging to him wear plate, where it can be separated from the Indirektstempel, in the direction of the Enriched by the separation provided stripping level, can be ensured in this way a simple and reliable stripping of accumulating outside of the tool head shell of the tool head. Depending on the specific implementation then the shell initially remains in front of a corresponding reaming ring and is removed only after the tool head has been removed, or the shell is stripped together with the tool head during removal of the tool head and then stripped from the tool head.

Depending on the specific implementation of the present invention, the design of the tool head with a diameter tapering in the direction of a stripping plane can also facilitate simple assembly and disassembly of the tool head from the indirect punch, which is particularly simple and simple by means of the taper, which is preferably designed as a cone releasably connected to the Indirektstempel and can be solved again when the tapered outer surface is used as a contact and centering surface to the Indirektstempel. Thus, there is only a positive connection between the tool head and the Indirektstempel, which can be dispensed with further fastening means. Also can be deducted by the formation of the aforementioned cone a resulting shell on the tool scraper or material film of the pressed material by the tool head is pulled out of the extruder and on the trained as a cone surface of the tool head no removal of the opposing friction occurs. Also, this can be in the direction of a stripping plane tapering formation of an outer surface of the tool head a very simple, safe and fast removal of the shell formed on the tool head and located on the tool head shear ring or Räumringes, which accordingly preferably with a Complementary Surface associated with the tool head favor, in contrast to the above implementation, the shell can be removed from the tool head, instead of pulling the tool head from the shell. The tool head may in this case remain on the indirect punch, which pulls the tool head away from the shell to release the shell.

[10] In this context, the input posed task solves alternatively or cumulatively to the above features accordingly also an indirect extruder with a die comprehensive, arranged on a Indirektstempel tool head, which is characterized by a tapering in the direction of a stripper shell chamber. The selbstoder above advantages to the tool head also result in this embodiment, since disassembly of the tool head can also be particularly costly, even if the shell chamber of the tool head is filled with a tool material and would prevent it from disassembly in non-tapering design of the tool head How this is the case, for example, by the arrangement according to DE 101 31 901 A1 in the region of the shell chamber wall which widens toward the stripping plane and is formed by the wear plate of the tool head.

[1 1] In an advantageous embodiment of the Räumring, the shear ring or both rings can be arranged circumferentially around the tool head radially. At the same time the clearing ring, the shear ring or both rings can also be arranged removably. This results in the one hand, an advantageous disassembly option and easy maintenance by the two rings, the clearing ring and the shear ring can be performed as a spare part and by removal of material residues from the tool head easier vonstattengeht, since the overall arrangement of Räumring, shear ring and tool head separated can be.

Accordingly, the object of the present invention accordingly also solves an indirect extrusion press with a tool head comprising a die, arranged on an indirect punch, which is characterized in that the tool head comprises a reaming ring and a shear ring which are each detachably formed by the tool head and preferably surround the shell chamber. In an alternative, alternative solution of the above object, an indirect extrusion press with a comprehensive die, arranged on a Indirektstempel tool head is characterized by a reaming ring and a shear ring, which are integrally formed with each other, and between the reaming ring and the shear ring is formed a shell chamber. Such a tool head can be removed as a whole when the shell chamber is full by simply attaching a new tool head. After removal can then be removed from the tool head a shell in a separate step, without obstructing the pressing process. Even such a removal can easily be implemented by machine and therefore very quickly to quickly prepare the indirect extruder for the next pressing operation,

Such a process can be further simplified by the structural unit from the shell chamber forming Räumring and shear ring is connected via a tapered in the direction of a stripping flat surface with the other indirect extruder or with the Indirektstempel, so that , as already explained above, a self-centering can be done easily, which greatly facilitates the machine retrofitting or only possible.

A tapering takes place in all the aforementioned cases preferably conical or in the form of a conical surface, as a result rotational symmetry is caused, in particular, a considerably easier installation and can also be done easily by machine, for example by means of a manipulator.

In order to solve the above object as an alternative or cumulative to the above features also advantageous, an indirect extrusion press is proposed with a comprehensive die, arranged on a Indirektstempel tool head, which is characterized in that the size of a shell chamber, the is arranged behind a shearing edge of the tool head, is selected such that the shell material can be received by at least two blocks of material in the shell chamber. It is understood that, if it is possible to keep the thickness of the shell as low as possible, even more than two blocks of material, for example 10 or more blocks of material, can be processed in a row with an appropriate shell size without having to remove the shell in between. Thus, the set-up times of the indirect extruder are further reduced by not necessarily having to remove the shell material from the shell chamber after each press cycle. In this case, two blocks of material can be processed almost immediately one after the other in the extruder. [17] The reaming ring can advantageously be used to thin out the shell formed during pressing to such an extent that a large part of the shell remains in the shell chamber and the material residue or material film emerging in the pressing direction from the extrusion press has a minimal thickness. In order to achieve the object of the invention, a method for indirect extrusion is proposed, in which a block of material is formed to form a shell by a die head comprising a tool head and which is characterized in that for removing the shell tool head and shell be deducted from each other. In particular, in deviation from the procedure according to EP 0 224 159 1, in which a complex turning off takes place, thereby the material of the shell can be removed much faster.

Preferably, the removal takes place already in the indirect extruder, which can be saved considerably setup times. Likewise, the removal can also be done outside, which is also time-saving, especially when used during the latter, a new tool head and the press can be operated during the separation of shell and tool head again with the new tool head.

On the one hand, this peeling off can take place in that the shell remains in the indirect press and the tool head or parts thereof, such as, for example, a shear ring, are drawn off from the shell and the indirect punch. Likewise, this removal can be done, for example, that the shell of the tool head or parts thereof is deducted.

In an advantageous embodiment of the method can after removal, when the tool head is removed from the interior of the shell, the shell separated from a remaining material in the indirect extruder film, preferably sheared off. It will be readily apparent that removal of the tool head with the die therein provides full accessibility to the shell, allowing the shell to be quickly and easily removed from the extruder, for example, by a shearing blade.

In this case, it is immediately apparent that by removing the shell from the tool head, the tool head can remain in the extruder and thus there is also the possibility to seamlessly press a subsequent newly pressed strand to the old strand. Furthermore, the handling is improved when removing the shell, since now only the shear ring must be removed from the tool head to get to the shell.

On the other hand, the entire tool head, preferably without a clearing ring, can be pulled off the shell and removed, so that a slight shearing is possible.

In this context, but also as an alternative to the above method, another method for indirect extrusion, in which a block of material is pressed to form a shell by a die covered by a die head, proposed to solve the above problem, which is characterized in that at least two blocks of material are pressed before a shell chamber is freed from the shell. It is, as already stated above, seen that removal of the shell after pressing at least two blocks of material minimizes the Rüstzeigen. Particularly in the case of an extrusion press, the quality of the extruded profile produced can advantageously be increased if the set-up times are so minimal that a residue of the first material block has no possibility of cooling too far due to the directly consecutive processing of two material blocks and the subsequent second material block together with the Rest of the first block of material can be processed with better seams. In this respect, it will be possible - within limits - to produce very large workpieces with a largely homogeneous quality. [25] For an alternative or cumulative solution to the problem at hand, an indirect extrusion press with a tool head comprising a die, which is arranged on an indirect punch, is proposed, wherein the indirect extrusion press is characterized by a reaming ring designed as a spreading ring. This reaming ring can expand due to its design as a spreader because of its flexibility and thus nestle against an inner wall of an inner sleeve of the indirect extruder and advantageously minimize the gap formed between the reaming ring and the inner sleeve. It can be seen that, as a result, a material film passing through this gap is made as minimal as possible.

[26] The reaming ring can cooperate with the tool head for the aforementioned purpose, resulting in a particularly advantageous embodiment of the indirect extruder, when the reaming ring is operatively connected to an axial assembly arranged next to it via a conically inwardly facing surface. The named next to the Broaching ring arranged assembly may be the mentioned tool head or even the Indirektstempel. Advantageously, the rake ring is arranged axially between the tool head and the indirect ram, whereby the tool head transmits a pressure on the reaming ring and this pressure spreads the rake ring by means of the conical surfaces by the force redirection.

As advantageous because of the conical inwardly facing surface of the clearing ring is particularly easy to remove, set-up times and costs for replacement of the Räumrings are also minimized here. In particular, it is advantageous if the clearing ring is designed to be detachable from indirect punches. It is immediately apparent that in this case the Indirektstempel subject to the least possible wear, since the wear-prone component is represented by the Räumring.

[28] In this context, therefore, alternatively or cumulatively to the above methods, a method for indirect extrusion is proposed, in which a block of material is pressed to form a shell by a die covered by a tool head and the method is characterized in that at least a used for the formation of a shell clearing ring is spread during pressing and despreaded when returning a block receiver.

[29] It is furthermore particularly advantageous for this method if the force required for spreading is removed from the pressing pressure. [30] As already explained above, the shell emerging from the extruder can be thinned very much by means of the spread reaming ring, so that only a minimal material film emerges from the extruder. The use of the pressing pressure for spreading the reaming ring implements the particular advantage that the spreading force is only exerted on the reaming ring when the reaming ring is used for thinning out the shell. The dropping of the pressing pressure during retraction of the block receiver additionally causes a reduction of the friction, since the spreader ring is despread at the same time.

[0002] Workpieces of finite length are usually pressed in indirect extrusion presses, a work piece being changed at the latest during a block change by removing material residues, in particular also before the die, before the subsequent material block is dispensed, for example by twisting, as described in EP 0 224 115 B 1, or can be done by shearing. This requires that the material still in the die and already pressed material can be easily removed or dropped out of the die. [32] If the matrix has an antechamber, then material can remain in the pre-chamber, even if remainders of material, such as a material residue or a shell in front of the matrix, are removed. In this way, the area in which possibly impurities or imperfections due to the boundary between the two blocks of material occur, can be minimized compared to a juxtaposition of blocks of material over the entire diameter of the block receiver. The remaining material in the prechamber also holds the already pressed workpiece in position until the subsequent pressing operation begins.

[33] If the antechamber shrinks in the pressing direction, a particularly intimate connection of the material of two successive blocks of material can take place over a very short distance, so that the area of contamination or imperfections caused by the change of the material blocks can be further minimized ,

[34] Depending on the specific requirements of the finished product, an endless workpiece can be provided in this way, if the impurities or defects caused by the change of the material blocks can be tolerated in terms of quality. Otherwise, these locations can be separated afterwards, with initial and end areas also having to be separated off in conventional workpieces, so that the loss of material generally remains within reasonable limits. In addition, the connection of the workpieces over a block changeover makes it possible to dispense with complex guide mechanisms within the indirect punch, with which workpiece starts and workpiece ends are guided within the indirect punch.

Alternatively or cumulatively to the above-mentioned methods, a method for indirect extrusion is proposed, in which a block of material is pressed to form a shell by a die covered by a tool head and which is characterized in that one used for receiving the shell Shell chamber is lubricated.

Preferably, this shell chamber is lubricated with graphite. For this purpose, it is also possible to use Bomitrit, silicones or fats or salt water or brine.

The lubrication of the shell chamber also reduces the set-up times of the extruder by the tool head can be removed from the shell formed after the successful pressing or otherwise the shell can be easily removed from the tool head. This can be done in the indirect extruder or outside. [38] It is understood that the features of the solutions described above or in the claims are also advantageous for an extruder and can optionally also be combined in order to implement the advantages in a cumulative manner.

[39] Further advantages, objects and features of the present invention will be explained with reference to the following description of exemplary embodiments, which are also illustrated in particular in the appended drawing. In the drawing show:

Figure 1 is a schematic detail of an extruder with a

Tool head with an integrated shear ring and a separate reaming ring;

Figure 2 is a schematic detail of an extruder with a

Tool head with a one-piece guide and Räumring;

Figure 3 is a schematic detail of an extruder with a

Tool head with a separate reaming ring and a separate shear ring:

FIGS. 4 to 11 show a process during setup in a schematic single step representation for the arrangement according to FIG. 1;

FIGS. 12 to 15 show a process during setup in a schematic single-step representation for the arrangements according to FIG. 3;

FIGS. 16 to 21 show a detailed view of the course of the process during set-up for the arrangement according to FIG

FIG. 3; and

FIG. 22 shows a detailed representation of a female mold in a schematic section.

[40] A first embodiment of an indirect extrusion press 1 with a die 19 and a tool head 5 according to FIG. 1 has a shear ring 20 integrated in the tool head 5. Furthermore, there is an indirect punch 2 of the indirect extrusion press I, against which the tool head 5 including the die 19 is pressed, a rake ring 16 is arranged.

[41] The reaming ring 16 designed as a separate component cooperates with a shell chamber 24 arranged radially around the tool head 5 in order to collect a remainder of the material block 12 flowing past the shear ring 20 in this shell chamber 24.

[42] Like the shear ring 20 also, the reaming ring 16 is located within the indirect extruder coaxially, but with a small clearance, to a billet receiver 3. By the At an inner sleeve 22 of the block receiver 3 resulting gap first passes a first remainder of the material block 12 after shearing on a shear ring 20 arranged shear edge 21 in the shell chamber 24. After the material contained in this slender 24 material residue reaches the Räumring 16, a large part of this material residue retained by shearing at the shear edge 17 in the shell chamber 24. In this shell chamber 24 is thus formed during pressing a shell 15 from the first part of material remainder.

[43] A second part of the material residue passing through the reaming ring 16 or the shearing edge 17 remains adhering to the inner sleeve 22 as a thin material film 26 in the further course. Ideally, the wall thickness of the material film 26 is so small that a removal of this remaining material film 26 from the indirect extruder 1 takes place with minimal effort. In particular, the material film 26 can tear automatically when returning the block receiver 3 in a set-up position, whereby a removal without further tools or with only little support is possible. Likewise, if necessary, the wall thickness of the remaining material film 26 may be so small that it may remain on the inner sleeve 22.

[44] The shell chamber 24 is dimensioned in its volume such that the material residue sheared off at the shearing edge 17 of the reaming ring 16 fills the shell chamber 24 only after at least two successive pressing operations. In addition, in the shell chamber 24, when its volume is sized larger, an edge 25 for latching a tool for removal of the tool head 5 freely accessible.

For secure fit of the tool head 5 during the pressing of a Presserzeugnisses 4 this has at least one conical surface 23, which cooperates in the described embodiment with the Räumring 16 and in this embodiment, the reaming ring 16 spreads. For spreading the Räumringes 16 this can, but does not have to be slotted, whereby a closer concern of the shear edge 17 can be ensured on the inner sleeve 22. It is immediately apparent that by this formation of the Räumringes 16 of the material film 26 is reduced to a minimum. In a different embodiment, the reaming ring 16 via a conical surface in operative connection with the Indirektstempel, whereby a good centering and suitable coordination of the taper or the contact surfaces between inner punch 2 and reaming ring 16, the spread can be further enhanced. [46] A second embodiment of an indirect extrusion press 1 according to FIG. 2 has a reaming ring 16 connected in one piece with the shear ring 20, wherein the shear ring 20 and the reaming ring 16 form the shell chamber 24 axially in the direction of the pressing direction. In contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the indirect punch 2 of the indirect extrusion press 1 now acts directly on the tool head 5 and not on the reaming ring 16, the reaming ring 16 and the shear ring 20 connected to this reaming ring 16 being mounted on a conical surface 23 of the tool head 5 are.

[47] An angle of the conical surface 23 formed with respect to the axial pressing direction of the indirect punch is opposite to the corresponding angle of FIG. 1 in the embodiment of FIG. This configuration ensures with suitable detail dimensioning for this embodiment, a spreading of the Räumringes 16 and possibly also of the shear ring 20 when pressing a Presserzeugnisses 4th In this context, as again pointed out that a spread release ring 16 and / or a spread shear ring 20 at a Returning the Indirektstempels 2 is despread again and disassembly of the two rings 16, 20 can be done with less effort.

In a third, similar to the embodiment of Figure 2 embodiment, the illustrated in Figure 3 indirect extruder 1 is designed, in which case the shear ring 20, the reaming ring 16 and the tool head 5 are formed separately. The shell chamber 24 is now formed by the two rings 16, 20 and an outer slightly tapered to the shear ring 20 surface 23 of the tool head 5. This embodiment offers, as can be seen immediately, the advantage that for removing the shell 15 from the tool head 5 only the shear ring 20 needs to be removed.

In the embodiment of Figure 1 is for pressing the Presserzeugnisses 4 in the indirect extruder 1 first when retracted Blockaufnehmer 3 a block of material 12 by means of a block loader 13 between the tool head 5 and a closure piece 8 coaxial with the Indirektstempel 2 and coaxial with a Direct cylinder 27 positioned as shown in Figure 4.

The direct cylinder 27, which is further mounted in a frame 28, acts via a direct punch 11 on an associated closure piece 8. By means of a holder 9, which is also mounted in the frame 28 via a pressure plate 10, the arrangement of closure piece. 8 and direct punch 1 1 guided within the frame 28 and received by the closing of the billet pressure resulting. After the material block 12 has been positioned, the indirect punch 2, as shown in FIG. 5, is moved against the material block 12 so that it is clamped between the tool head 5 and the closure piece 8 and the block loader 12 is led out of the indirect extrusion press 1 can. [52] Subsequently, the billet receiver 3 is moved to the holder 9, whereby the material block 12 receives a completely closed housing, and the pressing operation begins with progressive stroke of the indirect punch 2 in the billet 3, as shown in Figures 6 and 7. By means of the die 19, because of the onset of volume reduction within the block receiver 3, the press product 4 is produced until the indirect punch 2 has moved into the block receiver and only a small press residue 7 remains from the material block 12.

After retraction of the closure piece 8, as can be further seen from FIG. 8, the press residue 7 is separated from the tool head 5 and from the press product 4 by means of a movable shear blade 6. [54] The pressing method explained by means of FIGS. 4 to 8 is run through at least a second time after the first pressing operation. It is immediately apparent that with a corresponding volume of the shell chamber 24, more than two pressing operations can be performed until the shell chamber fills to the maximum. It should also be pointed out that the press residue 7 does not necessarily have to be removed by means of the shearing blade 6 between two pressing operations. It is also possible, in addition to the procedure described above, to apply a newly inserted material block 12 directly to the remaining press residue 7 and to continue the pressing process. At least, however, the removal of the pressing residue 7 is required when the shell 15 has to be removed, which may possibly be done together with the removal of the shell 15. The removal of the shell in the embodiment of the tool head 5 described in FIG. 1 takes place, as shown in FIG. 9, by means of a gripping arm or manipulator 14 which engages the edge 25 of the tool head 5 and this, as further shown in FIG seen from the Indirektstempel 2 and the Räumring 16 triggers. By means of a further return movement of the block receiver 3, the shell 15 is completely exposed, after which the shearing blade 6 attacks again and separates the shell 15.

The manipulator 14 moves after removing the shell 15 from the shell chamber 24 again to its original position, and it is a new block of material by means of Block loader 13 for restarting a pressing operation in the indirect extruder 1 out, as can be seen from Figure 1 1.

Setting up an indirect extrusion press 1 in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 differs slightly therefrom. The manipulator 14 moves in retracted Blockaufnehmer 3 first in the indirect extruder 1 and pulls the shear ring 20 from the tool head 5 from. The shearing blade 6 then picks up on the exposed shell 15, in which connection a two-cutting or multi-blade shearing blade 6 is used, and the blocking sheave 3 is displaced counter to the pressing direction, whereby the shell 15 gripped by the shearing blade is pulled off the tool head 5 becomes. Subsequently, the tool head 5 is moved out of the billet 3 again to put the shear ring 20 back on the tool head 5 by means of the manipulator 14.

[58] The embodiments of the indirect extruder 1 explained by means of FIGS. 12 to 15 are again shown in detail in FIGS. 16 to 21. After retraction of the block receiver 3 and after shearing off the press residue 7 by means of the shearing blade 6, the tool head 5 is moved out while fully exposing the shell chamber 24. During the separation of the pressing residue 7 and the exposure of the shell chamber 24, the shell 15 is additionally broken by the pressing residue 7, so that the shear ring 20 is completely exposed and can be removed from the tool head 5 unhindered. The shearing blade 6 engages, as already explained above, then the shell 15, while the tool head 5 is retracted, so that now the shell 15 is completely exposed and can be removed from the indirect extruder 1. It is also conceivable at this point that the shell can be removed from the indirect extrusion press 1 by means of the manipulator 14 or an alternative gripping tool.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 2 is a change with similar devices, in which case the unit of Räumring 16 and shear ring 20 is withdrawn as a whole from the tool head.

Following the removal of the press residue 7 and the shell 15 from the shell chamber 24, the surface of the tool head 5, in particular the conical surfaces 23, is lubricated or lubricated in all of the present exemplary embodiments for better process control during the pressing , in this case with graphite 29, sprayed. The application of the graphite 29 facilitates during subsequent arming the Removing the shear ring 20 from the tool head 5, but may not be performed if necessary.

The setting up of the indirect extrusion press 1 is then terminated by renewed placement of the shear ring 20 on the tool head 5 and initiated a further pressing operation in the embodiment described above.

[62] As already stated above, if necessary, a newly inserted material block 12 can be placed directly on the remaining press residue 7 in order to quasi-continuously squeeze out a workpiece. In order to minimize the area which possibly has impurities due to the boundary between the two blocks of material 12, the die 19A shown in FIG. 22 can be used, which has an antechamber 30 on the side of the block of material the remainder of the material remains in the pre-chamber 30 and is used for the connection to the following material block 12.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 Indirect extruder 17 Shearing edge of the reaming ring 16

2 indirect punches 18 jaw of the manipulator 14

3 billet 19 die

4 Presserzeugnis 19A die

5 Tool head 20 Scherring

6 Shearing blades 21 Shearing edge of the shear ring 20

7 press rest 22 inner bush of the block receiver 3

8 closure piece 23 conical surface

9 holders 24 shell chamber

10 Pressure plate 25 Edge for latching the clamping jaw 18

1 1 direct punch and limit of the shell chamber 24

12 Material block 26 Material residue / material film

13 block loaders 27 direct cylinders

14 manipulator 28 frame

15 shell 29 graphite

16 clearing ring 30 prechamber

Claims

claims:

1. Indirect extruder (1) comprising a die (19) comprising, on an Indirektstempel (2) arranged tool head (5), characterized in that the tool head (5) on its outer side after a shear edge (21) having Scherring ( 20) and / or after a shearing edge (17) having a clearing ring (16) is tapered in the direction of a stripping plane.

2. Indirect extruder (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the reaming ring (16) and / or the shear ring (20) around the tool head (5) is arranged circumferentially radially and removably.

3. Indirect extruder (1) with a die (19) comprehensive, on an Indirektstempel (2) arranged tool head (5), characterized by a in the direction of a scraper plane tapered shell chamber (24).

4. Indirect extruder (1) comprising a die (19) comprising, on an Indirektstempel (2) arranged tool head (5), characterized in that the tool head (5) comprises a reaming ring (16) and a shear ring (20), each of the tool head (5) are removably formed.

5. Indirect extruder (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the reaming ring (16) and / or the shear ring (20) around the tool head (5) is arranged circumferentially radially and removably.

6. Indirect extruder (1) comprising a die (19) comprehensive, on an Indirektstempel (2) arranged tool head (5), characterized by a Räumring (16) and a shear ring (20), wherein the Räumring (16) and the Scherring (20) are integrally formed with each other and between the Räumring (16) and the shear ring (20) has a shell chamber (24) is formed.

7. Indirect extruder (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the structural unit of the shell chamber forming Räumring (16) and shear ring (20) via a stripping flat tapered surface (23) with the remaining indirect extruder (1) or is connected to the Indirektstempel (2)

8. Indirect extruder (1) comprising a die (19) comprising, on an Indirektstempel (2) arranged tool head (5), characterized in that the size of a shell chamber (24) behind a shearing edge (21) of a shear ring ( 20) of the tool head (5) is arranged, is selected such that the shell material of at least two material blocks (12) in the shell chamber (24) can be accommodated.

9. Indirect extruder (1) with a die (19) comprehensive, on an Indirektstempel (2) arranged tool head (5), characterized by a spreading ring designed as a Räumring (16).

Indirect extruder (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the reaming ring (16) is provided with an assembly arranged axially next to it, e.g. with the tool head (5) or with the Indirektstempel (2), is operatively connected via a conically inwardly facing surface.

11. Indirect extruder (1) according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the Räumring (16) of the Indirektstempel (2) and / or of the tool head (5) is designed to be removable.

12. Indirect extruder (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a die (19A) with an antechamber (30).

13. A method for indirect extrusion, in which a material block (12) to form a shell (15) by a tool head (5) comprised of die (19) is pressed, characterized in that for removing the shell (15) tool head ( 5) and shell (15) are deducted from each other.

14. A method for indirect extrusion according to claim 13, characterized in that for removing the shell (15) a shear ring (20) first from the tool head (5) and subsequently the shell (15) from the tool head (5) is withdrawn.

15. A method for indirect extrusion according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that after the removal of the tool head (5), the shell (15) of a in the indirect extruder (1) remaining material film (26) separated, preferably sheared, is.

16. A method for indirect extrusion, in which a material block (12) is pressed to form a shell (15) by a die (19) which is encompassed by a tool head (5), characterized in that at least two material blocks (12) are pressed, before a shell chamber (24) is freed from the shell (15).

17. A method for indirect extrusion, in which a material block (12) to form a shell (15) by a tool head (5) comprised of die (19) is pressed, characterized in that one used to form the shell (15) Reaming ring (16) spread during pressing and despreaded when returning a block receiver (3).

18. A method for indirect extrusion according to claim 17, characterized in that for spreading the Räumringes (16) required force is taken from the pressing pressure.

19. A method for indirect extrusion, in which a block of material (12) to form a shell (15) by a tool head (5) comprised of die (19) is pressed, characterized in that one for receiving the shell (15) used Cup chamber (24) is lubricated, preferably lubricated with graphite.