EP2657433B1 - Closing element and method for closing a hole in a building façade - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a building facade with a closure element for closing a hole, in particular a scaffolding anchor hole, according to the features of the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for closing such a hole using a closure element.

In the present case, a building façade is understood to mean a cladding and / or coating applied to an outer wall component, which forms the outer and thus visible closure of the outer wall component. The cladding and / or coating can be applied directly or indirectly via a substructure of slats and / or profiles on the outer wall component, for example, to realize a curtain ventilated facade.

In order to meet the requirements for thermal insulation, a building facade regularly comprises a single-layer or multi-layer thermal insulation layer, which is usually applied directly to the outer wall component. If a ventilated ventilated facade is to be realized, an air layer is formed regularly between the thermal barrier coating and the cladding, wherein a sufficient distance of the cladding is to comply with the thermal barrier coating. This task is performed by the substructure attached to the outer wall component. If no ventilation is provided, the cladding and / or coating can also be applied directly to the thermal barrier coating. This is the case, for example, in the formation of a thermal insulation composite system.

In the construction of curtain-ventilated facades, facade elements, for example glass, natural stone or stone slabs, are fastened to the substructure, which then form the visible façade finish. In addition, a variety of other facade elements, such as wood, metal or ceramic, known, which serve the same purpose. But even a plaster facade can be designed as a curtain ventilated facade. In this case plaster base plates are attached to the substructure, which are finally provided with a single or multi-layer plaster and / or paint layer.

For multi-storey buildings, the application of a façade or façade system requires the erection of a scaffolding that is to be secured by scaffold anchors to the supporting structure of the outer wall component. After completing the façade work, the scaffolding will be dismantled and the scaffold anchors will be removed as well. However, this has the result that the facade has holes in the form of holes, which is closed for visual reasons and to prevent the ingress of moisture. Usually caps or plugs made of plastic are used for this purpose.

A closure element in the form of a cap is for example from the utility model DE 71 17 312 known. It has a cap disc with thereto attached, obliquely directed from the inside to the outside expansion legs, which are inserted into the bore of a facade panel, that the expansion limb biased against the bore wall. The outer edge of the cap disc is supported on the surface of the facade panel. The cap disc thus remains visible. This can lead to optically unsatisfactory results. If the façade panel has a structured surface, it is also not ensured that the hole is sealed tight enough to prevent the penetration of moisture.

Furthermore, from the prior art foam plug for closing holes in plaster facades are known, which are introduced deep into the hole and then laminated with plaster and / or paint. In the case of a ventilated ventilated curtain facade, however, the problem arises that such a plug slip through and can fall into the air layer behind the plaster base plate, so that no permanent closure of the hole is guaranteed. Furthermore, it has been found that such plugs are apt to fall prey to birds who tear them out of the holes again.
In addition, goes out of the utility model DE 81 30 485 U1 a stopper for closing a borehole. The plug has an inner cone with circumferential sealing lips and a protruding lid.

DE 81 30 485 U1 discloses all features of the introductory part of claim 1 and the method of claim 5.

The published patent DE 43 14 450 A1 is to remove a fastener for the attachment of insulation boards, which comprises a expansion dowel, an extension piece and a holding plate, which are each hinged together. For closing a through hole of the holding plate, a plug is provided.
Furthermore, from the utility model DE 200 21 397 U1 an insulating dowel with axial passage and a hinged lid for closing the opening of the axial passage known.
There is therefore a general need for a closure element and a method for the permanently secure closing of holes, in particular scaffolding anchor holes, in building facades. At the same time the closure element and the method to enable the realization of a visually appealing facade.

To solve these problems, a building facade with the features of claim 1 and a method with the features of claim 5 are given. Advantageous developments of the invention can be found in the respective subclaims.
The proposed building façade has a closure element which has a hollow cylindrical area and thus a cavity enclosing shaft area inserted into a hole, in particular scaffold anchor hole, the building facade and a collar area adjoining the shaft area for forming a support surface. The support surface prevents slippage of the closure element, so that the closure element according to the invention is particularly suitable for the closing of holes in curtain ventilated facades. The hollow cylindrical shaft region can serve to receive an adhesive and / or sealant, by means of which the closure element is fastened in the hole. For this purpose, the adhesive and / or sealant is to be applied on the outside circumference of the hollow cylindrical shaft region. The application is preferably over the entire circumference, so that the hole is completely sealed. Furthermore, this increases the adhesion of the closure element in the hole. When inserted into the hole, the waistband area prevents stripping or overflowing of the adhesive and / or sealant. Alternatively or additionally, the adhesive and / or sealant can also be applied to the support surface. If necessary, the cavity enclosed by the hollow-cylindrical shaft region can serve as a dowel for receiving a fastening means, such as a screw, by means of which climbing aids, outdoor lights or the like can be fastened to the facade. Furthermore, the cavity can also be used to hold a scaffold anchor when a scaffolding must be set up in the course of renovation or repair work on the facade.
As a further development measure, it is proposed that the hollow cylindrical shaft region have a profiling on the outer peripheral side, in particular in the form of a thread and / or at least one rib. The profiling cuts when inserting the Closure element in the hole in the surrounding material and thus improves the retention of the closure element in the hole. If, in addition, an adhesive connection is provided for fastening the closure element in the hole, the profiling of the shaft region results in improved adhesion of the adhesive to the closure element. In a corresponding profiling of the shaft portion of the closure element, however, can also be dispensed with an additional adhesive connection.
For lamination of the closure element this can be arranged sunk in the hole. If the hole is not large enough, the hole can preferably be enlarged by means of a stepped drill and optionally provided with a countersink. The countersink is to be dimensioned sufficiently deep, so that a cap and / or a hardening mass for lamination can be applied to the closure element, which then terminates flush with the surface of the facade. The material and / or the color of the cap and / or the mass are thereby preferably adapted to the material and / or the color of the facade.
According to a first embodiment of the invention, the collar portion is formed by a disc which has a lower material thickness in the covering area with the cavity enclosed by the hollow cylindrical shaft area. This facilitates the subsequent opening of the cavity when a fastening means, for example for fastening a climbing aid, an outdoor light or the like, or a scaffold anchor to be used in the closure element. The disk can then be easily penetrated in the coverage area of the fastener or the scaffold anchor. As long as opening of the cavity is not desired, the disc ensures a permanently secure closure of the hole.

Alternatively, according to the invention, the collar region can also be formed by a ring which has a membrane or foil in the covering region with the cavity enclosed by the hollow cylindrical shaft region. Also, a membrane or foil can easily from a fastener or scaffold anchor are penetrated and make the cavity accessible in this way. As long as this is not desired, a permanently secure closure of the hole is ensured by the membrane or film. The membrane or film is also preferably formed slightly elastic so that it applies sealingly to this or these after insertion of the fastener or the scaffold anchor.

Preferably, the outer diameter D of the hollow cylindrical shaft region is 10 mm to 40 mm, more preferably 12 mm to 35 mm. In this way, a variety of different sized holes can be closed in building facades. In particular, the various diameters of scaffold anchors are taken into account. Furthermore, the loading of a scaffold anchor inserted in a hole can lead to widening of the hole, so that it is necessary to close a hole which is significantly larger than the diameter of the scaffold anchor. Preferably, therefore, closure elements are kept in different sizes.

Advantageously, the closure element is made of metal and / or plastic. Such closure elements can be produced inexpensively. Preferably, a closure element made of plastic, since such is a particularly inexpensive to manufacture. In this case, a metal part can be integrated in the plastic, which is detectable and thus facilitates the finding of a laminated closure element, if necessary.

The method for closing a hole, in particular a scaffold anchor hole, in a building facade, which is also proposed for achieving the object stated at the outset, is characterized in that a closure element described above in connection with a building facade according to the invention is inserted into the hole and fastened by means of a plug-in, screwed , Latching and / or adhesive connection is fixed in the hole. Such a closure element has a hollow cylindrical and thus a cavity enclosing shaft region and a collar region adjoining the shaft region for forming a support surface. The aforementioned types of compounds can each be used alone or in combination. For example, a profiling, for example in the form of a thread, applied to the hollow cylindrical shaft region of the closure element on the outer circumference side can permit a screw connection, provided that the material which delimits the hole permits this. In addition, by applying and / or introducing an adhesive and / or sealant on the outer peripheral side of the shaft portion and / or in the hole an adhesive bond can be made.

The advantages of the method result from the use of a closure element according to the invention, which allows a permanently secure and also tight closure of the hole. For this purpose, an adhesive and / or sealant is preferably applied over the entire outer circumference of the hollow cylindrical shaft region and / or on the support surface of the collar region and / or introduced into the hole. By the support surface of the waistband area slipping of the closure element during insertion is prevented. The proposed embodiment of the closure element according to the invention as a collar bushing thus simplifies the process.

Preferably, the hole is cleaned prior to insertion of the closure element and / or provided with a countersink. Cleaning can also include drilling the hole. If a reduction is provided, this is preferably designed to be flush, in order to allow a full surface contact of the support surface of the collar region of the closure element. Alternatively or additionally, it is proposed that the countersink has a depth t which is equal to or greater than the thickness s of the collar region of the closure element. Because then the closure element can be used flush or recessed with respect to the surface of the building facade. The countersinking is preferably made by means of a step drill.

Regardless of whether a reduction is provided, the closure element is preferably inserted back into the hole with respect to the surface of the building facade. Thereafter, a cap and / or a hardening compound for laminating the closure element is or are applied to the closure element in the region of the return. If the hole to be closed is formed in a facade panel, the cap can be cut from the material of the facade panel. In the case of a plaster facade preferably the return is filled with plaster and structured by means of a suitable tool according to the surface of the plaster facade. If the return is only slight, it can also be filled with a facade paint.

Accordingly, a cap and / or a hardening compound which is or are adapted to the surface of the building facade with respect to material and / or color is or will be used. This preserves a visually appealing overall impression of the façade.

Furthermore, a plastic flange bushing with a sealing membrane is preferably used as the closure element. The flanged bush can at the same time serve to receive a fastening means, for example a screw for fastening a climbing aid or an outdoor light, or - if necessary - to receive a scaffold anchor. The collar forms a support surface and prevents in this way slipping of the collar bushing through the hole. As a plastic part, such a collar is inexpensive to manufacture. The sealing membrane initially closes off the hollow space of the flanged bush, so that a hardening compound can be applied thereto for lamination of the flange bushing. If desired, the sealing membrane, including the hardened mass applied thereto, can subsequently be penetrated by a fastening means, such as a screw or a scaffold anchor, with the sealing membrane sealingly surrounding the fastening means. Preferred is in the intended for use plastic collar bushing a metal part integrated, which is detectable and thus subsequently enables the retrieval of the laminated plastic collar bushing.

Fig.1

eine Draufsicht auf das Verschlusselement (vom Schaftbereich aus gesehen),

Fig.2

eine Seitenansicht des Verschlusselementes der Fig. 1 und

Fig.3

einen Längsschnitt durch eine Gebäudefassade mit eingesetztem Verschlusselement.

A preferred embodiment of a closure element for a building facade according to the invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. These show:

Fig.1

a top view of the closure element (seen from the shaft area),

Fig.2

a side view of the closure element of Fig. 1 and

Figure 3

a longitudinal section through a building facade with inserted closure element.

That in the Fig. 1 and 2 illustrated closure element 1 is formed as a collar bushing and has a hollow cylindrical shaft portion 5 and an annular collar portion 6. The annular collar portion 6 has to form a support surface 7 has a larger outer diameter than the hollow cylindrical shaft portion 5. The outer diameter D of the hollow cylindrical shaft portion 5 is matched to the diameter of a hole to be closed 2 in a building facade 3 (see Fig. 3 ).

The hollow cylindrical shaft region 5 encloses a cavity 4, which is closed in the collar region 6 by a sealing membrane 9. The sealing membrane 9 can easily break through, if necessary - after completion of the facade - a fastener, such as a screw to insert into the cavity 4. When inserting the collar bushing 1 in a hole 2 of a building facade 3, the sealing membrane 9 is still intact, so that then a hardening mass 14 can be applied to lamination of the collar bushing (see Fig. 3 ). Instead of a sealing membrane 9 according to the in the Fig. 1 and 2 illustrated embodiment, the cavity 4 of a disc-shaped collar portion 6 are closed, which has a lower material thickness in the overlap region 8 with the cavity 4.

The hollow cylindrical shaft portion 5 of the collar bushing 1 of Fig. 1 and 2 has outer circumference thread 15 on. The thread 15 is intended to improve the grip of the collar bushing 1 in the hole 2. For this purpose, before the onset of the collar bushing 1 in the hole to be closed 2 on the collar bushing 1 and / or in the hole 2, an adhesive and / or sealant 11 up or introduced, which penetrates into the threads of the thread 15 and thus further causes a positive connection.

The flange bushing1 of the Fig. 1 and 2 is made of plastic. So that an inserted and laminated by means of a thermosetting compound collar bushing can be easily found if necessary, a metal part 10 is inserted into the hollow cylindrical shaft portion 5 of the collar bushing 1. Such a metal part 10 is not necessarily to be arranged in the region of the shaft, but can also be placed in the waistband 6. Finding a flanged bushing 1 can be further facilitated if, alternatively, a flanged bushing 1 is used, which is at least partially made of metal.

The Fig. 3 shows a inserted into a hole 2 of a building facade 3 flange bushing 1 according to the Fig. 1 and 2 , The building facade 3 shown here consists of a (not shown) on an outer wall component applied thermal barrier coating 16, which was covered to form an air layer 17 with a plaster base plate 18 and a plaster layer applied thereto 19. The plaster layer 19 has a hole 2, which extends through the plaster base plate 18 therethrough. Task of the collar bushing 1 used herein is to permanently seal the hole 2 without affecting the visual impression of the building facade 3. To ensure the latter, the collar bushing 1 was laminated after insertion into the hole 2 by applying a cleaning compound 14. The cleaning compound 14 used corresponds to that for the preparation of the plaster layer 19th used plaster, so that the lamination visually not noticeable. If the plaster layer 19 has a color coating, alternatively or additionally, the corresponding color for laminating the flange bushing 1 can be used.

Again Fig. 3 it can be seen, a recess 12 was introduced prior to insertion of the collar bushing 1 in the hole 2, which serves to accommodate the collar portion 6 of the collar bushing 1. In the present case, the countersink 12 has a depth t which is greater than the thickness s of the collar region 6 of the collar bushing 1, so that the flanged bushing 1 could be inserted slightly backwards with respect to the surface 13 of the building façade 3. The return serves to receive the plaster compound 14 to conceal the collar bushing 1. For the preparation of the reduction 12, a stepped drill was used in the present case.

Before inserting the flange bushing 1 into the hole 2, an adhesive and / or sealing compound 11 for fastening the flange bushing 1 in the hole 2 was introduced in the area of the countersink 12. Since the adhesive and / or sealing compound 11 presses into the gap between the shaft region 5 and the plaster base plate 18 when the collar bushing 1 is inserted into the hole 2, a permanently sealed closure of the hole 2 is effected in this way. The collar region 6 and the countersink 12 prevent the closure element 1 from falling behind the hole 2 into the air layer 17.

Alternatively to the one in the Fig. 3 illustrated building facade, which is designed as a ventilated facade, the closure element according to the invention can also serve for closing holes in facades that are not ventilated. Such facades may comprise, for example, a single or multi-layer plaster layer applied directly to a thermal barrier coating. The scaffold anchor hole will therefore extend through the plaster and the thermal barrier coating. In order to avoid the formation of thermal bridges in these cases, it is proposed that the hole before insertion of the closure element with an expanding and / or foaming and then to fill hardening sealant. The hardened sealing compound then compensates - at least in part - for the lack of thermal insulation.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Closure element, plastic collar bushing

2

hole

3

building facade

4

cavity

5

shaft area

6

Bund area

7

support surface

8th

Coverage area

9

Membrane, sealing membrane

10

metal part

11

Adhesive and / or sealant

12

reduction

13

Surface of the building facade

14

hardening mass

15

Profiling, thread

16

thermal barrier

17

layer of air

18

Plaster baseboard

19

Rendering

Claims (12)

1. A building facade (3) with a closure element (1) for closing a hole (2) in the building facade (3), particularly a scaffold anchoring hole, wherein the closure element (1) features a hollow-cylindrical shaft region (5), which is inserted into the hole (2) and encloses a hollow space (4), as well as a flange region (6), which is arranged adjacent to the shaft region (5) and forms a supporting surface (7),
   characterized in that the flange region (6) of the closure element (1) is

   a) formed by a disk that has a reduced material thickness in the overlapping region (8) with the hollow space (4) enclosed by the hollow-cylindrical shaft region (5) in order to subsequently open the hollow space (4), wherein the disk can be easily penetrated by a fastening means or scaffold anchor in the overlapping region (8), or

   b) formed by a ring that features a membrane (9) or a film in the overlapping region (8) with the hollow space (4) enclosed by the hollow-cylindrical shaft region (5).
2. The building facade according to claim 1,
   characterized in that the hollow-cylindrical shaft region (5) of the closure element (1) features a profiling (15), particularly in the form of a thread and/or at least one rib, on its outer circumference.
3. The building facade according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that the outside diameter (D) of the hollow-cylindrical shaft region (5) of the closure element (1) lies between 10 mm and 40 mm, preferably between 12 mm and 35mm.
4. The building facade according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that the closure element (1) is made of metal and/or plastic, wherein a metal part (10) is preferably integrated into the plastic.
5. A method for closing a hole (2) in a building facade (3), particularly a scaffold anchoring hole, in which a closure element (1) with a hollow-cylindrical shaft region (5), which encloses a hollow space (4), and with a flange region (6), which is arranged adjacent to the shaft region (5) and forms a supporting surface (7), is inserted into the hole (2) and fixed in the hole (2) by means of a plug-in connection, a screw connection, a snap-on connection and/or an adhesive connection,
   characterized in that

   a) the flange region (6) is formed by a disk that has a reduced material thickness in the overlapping region (8) with the hollow space (4) enclosed by the hollow-cylindrical shaft region (5) in order to subsequently open the hollow space (4), wherein the disk can be easily penetrated by a fastening means or scaffold anchor in the overlapping region (8), or

   b) the flange region (6) is formed by a ring that features a membrane (9) or a film in the overlapping region (8) with the hollow space (4) enclosed by the hollow-cylindrical shaft region (5).
6. The method according to claim 5,
   characterized in that the hollow-cylindrical shaft region (5) features a profiling (15), particularly in the form of a thread and/or at least one rib, on its outer circumference.
7. The method according to claim 5 or 6,
   characterized in that the hollow-cylindrical shaft region (5) has an outside diameter (D) of 10-40 mm, preferably 12-35mm.
8. The method according to one of claims 5-7,
   characterized in that the closure element (1) is made of metal and/or plastic, wherein a metal part (10) is preferably integrated into the plastic.
9. The method according to one of claims 5-8,
   characterized in that the hole (2) is cleaned and/or provided with a counterbore (12) prior to the insertion of the closure element (1), wherein the counterbore (12) is preferably level and/or has a depth (t) greater than or equal to the thickness (s) of the flange region (6) of the closure element (1) such that the closure element (1) can be inserted flush or set back with respect to the surface (13) of the building facade (3).
10. The method according to one of claims 5-9, characterized in that the closure element (1) is inserted into the hole (2) set back with respect to the surface (13) of the building facade (3), and in that a cap is attached and/or a curing mass (14) is applied onto the closure element (1) in the region of the setback in order to conceal the closure element (1).
11. The method according to claim 10,
    characterized in that the cap and/or the curing mass (14) is adapted to the surface (13) of the building facade (3) with respect to its material and/or color.
12. The method according to one of claims 5-11,
    characterized in that a plastic flange sleeve with a sealing membrane (9) is used as closure element (1), wherein a metal part (10) is preferably integrated into the plastic flange sleeve.

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