EP2540946A2 - Drive device - Google Patents

Abstract

The device (1) has a drive housing (3) mounted in a frame profile (2) by a spring element (4) and plate springs and moved relative to the frame profile using a drive e.g. chain drive and spindle drive. A sensor (6) i.e. strain gauge, detects wind loads and movement of the housing relative to the frame profile. The frame profile is designed as a part of a blind frame or a wing frame. The spring element is made of U-shaped bent sheet metal and supports the housing in two directions. The spring element comprises two legs, and the housing is connected with the spring element over a connector.

Description

The present invention relates to a drive device, in particular for windows or doors, with a housing, on or in which a drive unit of a drive is arranged, wherein the drive unit comprises a movable drive element, which is guided or mounted on the drive unit.

There are drive devices for closing windows in which the power consumption of the electric motor is measured to provide anti-pinch protection. However, this indirect detection of opening and closing forces leads to problems in terms of accuracy.

In addition, drives are known, which are placed outside on a window frame or casement, in order then to open or close a wing. However, such drives are visually disadvantageous and make it necessary that the appropriate space must be kept free.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a drive device which has a compact structure and allows precise control of the drive.

This object is achieved by a drive device having the feature of claim 1.

According to the invention, the drive unit is resiliently mounted in the housing, wherein a movement of the drive unit relative to the housing via at least one sensor can be detected. Thereby, the resilient mounting of the drive unit can be used to detect movements or forces of the drive unit, which can be used for various control functions. The drive can be kept in a compact design in the housing.

According to a preferred embodiment, the at least one sensor is connected to a control for the drive. In this case, when a movement of the drive unit is exceeded, the drive can be switched relative to the housing. Thereby, the function of a anti-trap protection can be provided, by which the drive shuts down or reverses, if a predetermined force is exceeded. Other functions may be performed by the controller, such as wind load detection, engagement protection, a defined closing force on sealing profiles and other functions.

Preferably, the drive unit is resiliently mounted in two opposite directions. In particular, when forces occur in the opening or closing direction, thus forces can be detected in different directions by the sensor. For a precise detection of the forces, the at least one sensor can be designed as a strain gauge. It is of course possible to provide multiple sensors around the drive unit or housing to detect redundant and more accurate information.

The drive can be designed for example as a chain drive or as a spindle drive. For the purposes of the present invention, the "housing" of a drive unit may be a component that serves to guide drive elements, it does not necessarily have to be a closed box-shaped housing. Also, a holder for fixing the drive means to another component may be a "housing" within the meaning of the present application.

According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of spring elements are provided for fixing the drive unit in the housing. The spring elements can prevent a striking of the drive unit even at a maximum load of the drive. If the drive, for example, for forces up to 500 N is designed, the springs should prevent a striking of the drive or the drive unit, even if higher forces of, for example, 600 N to 1000 N act. As a result, it is also possible for a control function to be provided by the at least one sensor above the maximum load of the drive. The spring elements can be designed as a leaf spring for a compact design.

The preferred use of the spring-mounted drive unit is in a separate housing or shell housing on or in a window profile, the drive then opens or closes a wing. In this case, the drive can be arranged on or in the frame or sash.

According to a preferred embodiment, wind loads can be detected above the at least one sensor which, for example, automatically close a window when the wind loads become too high. In addition, the at least one sensor with the controller can form an anti-burglary protection when leverage forces act on the drive unit in the closed position without the drive opening or closing the sash. In addition, the closing force on the seals of a window can be adjusted via the drive so that a constant holding force can be effective even after a longer period of time.

Figuren 1A bis 1C

mehrere Ansichten eines ersten Ausführungsbeispieles einer erfindungsgemäßen Antriebseinrichtung;

Figur 2

eine Ansicht eines modifizierten Ausführungsbeispieles einer Antriebseinrichtung;

Figur 3 bis 5

weitere Ansichten modifizierter Ausführungsbeispiele;

Figuren 6 A bis 6 E

mehrere Ansichten eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispieles einer Antriebseinrichtung im unbelasteten Zustand;

Figuren 7 A bis 7 E

mehrere Ansichten des Ausführungsbeispieles der Figur 6 mit einer Zugbelastung;

Figuren 8 A bis 8 F

mehrere Ansichten des Ausführungsbeispieles der Figur 6 bei einer Druckbelastung;

Figur 9

eine Ansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Antriebseinrichtung in einer montierten Position;

Figur 10

eine perspektivische Ansicht der Antriebseinrichtung der Figur 9;

Figuren 11A und 11B

zwei Ansichten der Antriebseinrichtung der Figur 10;

Figuren 12A und 12B

zwei Schnittansichten der Antriebseinrichtung der Figur 10;

Figuren 13A bis 13E

mehrere vergrößerte Schnittansichten der Antriebseinrichtung der Figur 10, und

Figuren 14A und 14B

zwei perspektivische Explosionsdarstellungen eines Teils der Antriebseinrichtung der Figur 10.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to several embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

FIGS. 1A to 1C

several views of a first embodiment of a drive device according to the invention;

FIG. 2

a view of a modified embodiment of a drive device;

FIGS. 3 to 5

further views of modified embodiments;

FIGS. 6A to 6E

several views of another embodiment of a drive device in the unloaded state;

FIGS. 7A to 7E

several views of the embodiment of the FIG. 6 with a tensile load;

FIGS. 8A to 8F

several views of the embodiment of the FIG. 6 at a pressure load;

FIG. 9

a view of another embodiment of a drive device according to the invention in an assembled position;

FIG. 10

a perspective view of the drive device of FIG. 9 ;

Figures 11A and 11B

two views of the drive device of FIG. 10 ;

Figures 12A and 12B

two sectional views of the drive device of FIG. 10 ;

FIGS. 13A to 13E

a plurality of enlarged sectional views of the drive device of FIG. 10 , and

Figures 14A and 14B

two exploded perspective views of a portion of the drive device of FIG. 10 ,

A drive device 1 comprises a schematically illustrated housing 2. In the housing 2, a schematically represented drive unit 3 is arranged by a drive, for example, a chain drive or a spindle drive are provided. It is also possible to install the drive only with guide components in the housing 2, so that the drive unit comprises a motor, in particular an electric motor, a transmission and a drive member.

The drive unit 3 is held in the housing 2 via a spring element 4, wherein the drive unit 3 is fixed to the spring element 4 via fastening means 5 shown schematically. The spring element 4 comprises two legs 40, which surround the drive unit 3. The legs 40 are connected to one another at a bottom portion 41, wherein a web 42 extends parallel to the legs 40 in the center of the bottom portion 41. At the web 42, a holding element 43 is provided, are arranged on the fastening means for fixing the spring element 4 on the frame member 2. Adjacent to the holding element 43, an opening 8 in the drive unit 3 is recessed, on which a drive means 18, for example, a chain exits and through the housing 2 is guided. The schematically illustrated chain 18 can then move other components, such as a flap or a wing.

On the spring element 4, a sensor 6 in the form of a strain gauge is further fixed to the web 42. When the drive unit 3 is moved relative to another component, as shown by the arrow 9, forces act between the drive unit 3 and housing 2. These forces can be detected by the sensor 6, wherein a corresponding force, the spring element 4 in the region of Web 42 is moved, whereby the resistance of the strain gauge changes. This change leads to a change in the voltage that is detected in a controller for the drive. By appropriate conversion, the controller can determine the force acting on the drive unit 3 to switch the controller or perform other control functions.

When the housing 2 is fixed to a window frame or casement and the drive means is used to open or close a window or door, the control can first be calibrated by determining a force characteristic in an opening operation and a closing operation. In this respect, in the event of a deviation from the force characteristic curve via the control, an anti-pinch or an impact protection can be provided. Additional sensors can also be used to detect the position of the sash relative to the frame, so that a connection to the building management system is possible. The controller can thus be used to detect wind loads or to provide burglary protection. In addition, the contact pressure of a wing can be adjusted to the seals via the drive.

In FIG. 1 the spring element 4 is shown that the drive unit 3 resiliently supports in opposite directions.

In FIG. 2 a modified embodiment of a drive device is shown, in which on the drive unit 3 on opposite sides a plurality of springs 10 are arranged, which are formed as leaf springs. By the springs 10 on opposite sides of the drive unit 3, these can be moved according to the arrow 11 in the housing 2. In order to detect a movement or a force between the drive unit 3 and the housing 2, the drive unit 3 is a holder 5 ', which is fixed to a sensor 6'. The sensor 6 'is designed as a strain gauge and fixed on the side remote from the holder 5' via fastening means 7 'on the housing 2. During a movement of the drive unit 3 according to the arrow 11, the strain gauge 6 'is bent, so that the resistance changes and corresponding voltage changes can be converted into forces via a control. It is possible to arrange several sensors distributed around the drive unit 3 instead of a single sensor 6 'in order to obtain more accurate information about the forces that occur.

In FIG. 3 a modified embodiment of a drive device is shown, in which a drive unit 3 is arranged in a housing 2. The drive unit 3 is connected via a connecting element 14 with a spring element 4 ', which is arranged outside of the housing 2. The spring element 4 'is fixed to the outside of the housing 2 and allows the drive unit 3 according to the arrow 15 can be moved in opposite directions perpendicular to the housing 2. The spring element 4 'can be designed in terms of the function as in conjunction with FIG. 1 has been described. Since the spring element 4 'has only a small size, it falls visually only slightly on the outside of the housing 2 and can also be easily maintained.

In FIG. 4 is one opposite the FIG. 3 modified embodiment shown in which a drive unit 3 is arranged in a housing 2. The drive unit 3 is held on two spaced spring elements 4 'via holders 16, wherein the spring elements 4' in the longitudinal direction spaced from the drive unit 3 are arranged.

In FIG. 5 is another embodiment of a drive device with a housing 2, in which a drive unit 3 is arranged, shown. The drive unit 3 is not only linearly movable, but can be pivoted into the housing 2. For this purpose, the drive unit 3 is fixed only at the ends via springs 10 in the housing 2. The drive unit 3 is connected to the housing 2 via a sensor 6 "with a holder 7". By a movement of the drive unit 3 according to the arrow 17, the strip-shaped sensor 6 "is bent, so that a controller detects the voltage changes and corresponding forces on the drive unit 3.

The spring travel of the drive unit 3 relative to the housing 2 may be dependent on the intended use, but are preferably in the range between 0 mm to 5 mm, in particular 0 mm to 3 mm. As a result, the interior of a housing can be used particularly effectively.

In the FIGS. 6A to 6E a further embodiment of a drive device 1 is shown in which a drive unit 3 is arranged in a housing 2. The drive unit 3 is shown in an unloaded position in which a distance d to the housing 2 is on both an upper side and an underside in a range between 3 mm to 5 mm ( FIG. 6E ).

The drive unit 3 is held by a spring element 20 in the housing, which is formed from a U-shaped bent metal sheet. The spring element 20 comprises a bottom portion 21 and two protruding legs 22, wherein on the legs 22, the drive unit 3 is fixed, for example by screws or other fastening means. The spring element 20 comprises at the bottom portion 21 adjacent to a recess 24, two strip-shaped webs 23 which are formed bendable and spaced by slots 25 in the longitudinal direction of the bottom portion 21. The elongated webs 23 are provided on the inside with an opening 26 into which a screw for fixing the spring element 20 can be screwed to the housing 2. As a result, the spring element 20 can be moved together with the drive unit 3 relative to the housing 2.

In the FIGS. 7A to 7E is a position of the drive device of FIG. 6 shown, in which a protruding from the drive unit 3 chain is loaded to train. As a result, the drive unit 3 is pulled down, as in the FIG. 7E is shown. The drive unit is thereby spaced with a gap d ₁ at the top of the housing 2, while at the bottom only a small gap d ₂ between the housing 2 and the drive unit 3 is present, wherein d _{1 is} significantly greater than d ₂ . Accordingly, the central webs 23 are pressed on the spring element 20 inwardly. On the spring element 23 strain gauges 6 are arranged, which detect the movement by deformation of the strips 23 and give corresponding signals to a controller.

In the FIGS. 8A to 8F are several views of the drive device 1 of FIG. 6 shown, wherein a protruding from the housing 2 chain is subjected to pressure. As a result, the drive unit 3 in FIG. 8B pushed upward, so that a gap D _{2 is formed} at the top of the drive unit 3 to the housing 2 is significantly smaller than a gap D ₁ at the bottom of the drive unit 3. In addition, the webs 23 are on the spring element 20 clearly outwardly, like this in FIG. 8E is shown. By the Compressive load on the chain, the drive unit 3 moves upward, so that the strips 23 are deformed. As a result, a strain gauge 6 can detect the pressure load through the chain and inform a controller accordingly.

In FIG. 9 a drive device 101 is shown in a built-in position. On a building 50 is a pitched roof 51 with an opening in which a frame 52 is mounted, is provided. On the frame 52, a flap 53 is pivotally supported by a hinge 54. To open the flap 53, a drive device 101 is provided, in which a housing 102 is fixed to a holder 55 on the frame 52.

The drive device 101 is in FIG. 10 shown. On the bow-shaped holder 55, two clamping jaws 57 are provided, which are pivotably mounted on an axis 56. Within the jaws 57, a portion of the tubular housing 102 is clamped. Relative to the housing 102, a tube 140 or a rod is movable on which a connection 104 is provided, which can be mounted, for example, on the flap 53. The housing 102 is closed on the opposite side to the connection 104 with a cover 105 which is fixed by screws 106 on the housing 102.

As in the Figures 11A and 11B can be seen, located within the housing 102, an inner tube 108 which is slidably mounted relative to the housing 102 via a sleeve-shaped sliding guide 107. Within the inner tube 108, the tube 103 is arranged, which is movable via a drive unit 110 relative to the inner tube 108. The drive unit 110 comprises a spindle nut 111 and a spindle 112, which ensure by a rotational movement relative to one another that the tube 103 is retracted or extended relative to the housing 102. Such drive units 110 are known per se and are therefore not explained in detail. The drive unit 110 comprises drive electronics 113, on which control elements, such as switches and other devices, are provided.

The inner tube 110 is closed on the side facing away from the connection 104 by a coupling piece 109, wherein the coupling piece 109 is screwed into an inner end portion of the inner tube 108 with a thread.

In the FIGS. 12A and 12B the area of the coupling piece 109 is shown in detail. The coupling piece 109 is resiliently mounted on the cover 105, so that in the axial direction, the inner tube 108 can be moved slightly relative to the housing 102. For this purpose, two inwardly directed projections 115 are formed on the cover 105, on which a spring ring 117 is fixed by screws 118. Within the projections 115, a cup-shaped receptacle 116 is formed, in which an annular end portion 120 of the coupling piece 109 engages. The annular spring element 117 is fixed to the two projections 115 and offset at an angle of 90 ° thereto, the spring ring 117 is fixed to the coupling piece 109 via screws 118. By bending the spring ring 117, the coupling piece 109 can thus be moved in both directions relative to the cover 105. In the coupling piece 109, a channel 122 is further formed for the passage of a line, which can be connected to a sensor element 121. The sensor element 121 is fixed to the annular end portion 120 of the coupling piece 109.

The lid 105 is secured to the tubular housing 102 with screws 106, wherein in the lid 105, a thread 114 is formed on the other components, such as an eye bolt, can be fixed in order to fix the housing 102 can.

On the inner tube 108, a cable bushing 123 is further provided, which is connected to a line 124. As a result, a control line can be guided from the sensor element 121 to the outside of the housing 102.

In the FIGS. 13A to 13E Several sectional views through the area of the coupling piece 109 and the lid 105 are shown. In FIG. 13B It can be seen that the inner tube 108 is arranged at a distance from the tubular housing 102, wherein in the coupling piece 109 of the cable channel 122 is formed.

In the sectional view of FIG. 13C the sensor element 121 can be seen, which is arranged between the coupling piece 109 and the cover 105. The sensor element 121 is formed substantially plate-shaped and comprises a central web 126 which engages with a front tip in a slot 125 on the lid 105. Of the central web 126, two spaced lateral webs 127 are formed, which are spaced from the central web 126 in each case via a slot 128. The central webs 127 are fixed to the annular end portion 120 of the coupling piece 109.

In the Figures 14A and 14B the lid 105 and the coupling piece 109 are shown in an exploded view. The sensor element 121 is fixed with two screws 129 on the annular end portion 120, wherein the screws 129 pass through the lateral webs 127. At a connecting portion between the lateral webs 127 and the central web 126, a measuring strip 133 is provided, which detects a bending of the central web 126 relative to the lateral webs 127 and sends a corresponding control signal to a control of the drive device 101. The central web 126 is fixed to the slot 125 of the lid 105, wherein the slot 125 extends perpendicular to the axial direction of the tubular housing 102 and is in communication with a mounting hole 134 to fix the center bar in the manner of a bayonet lock on the lid 105 can , In the mounted position, the central web 126 is therefore fixed to the slot 125 in the axial direction and can both be bent away from the coupling piece 109 and towards the coupling piece 109, for which purpose a corresponding recess 132 is provided on the annular end portion 120. Thus forces can be detected by the movement of the inner tube 108 relative to the housing 102 via the measuring strip 133. The measuring range of the measuring strip 133 is dependent on the selected spring, wherein the annular spring element 117 in the thickness and the material is such that it can be used for the respective load case. Of course, it would also be possible to use other spring elements 117, wherein a particularly compact design is given by the annular spring element 117.

In the drive device 101, the sensor element 121 is disposed within the housing 102, so that it is protected from environmental influences. The housing 102 is closed on the one hand by the cover 105 and on the other hand largely sealed by the coupling piece 109, since only a cable channel 122 is formed, which may also be sealed. As a result, a detection of the forces acting on the drive device 101 forces within the drive take place, with direct force on the inner tube 108 is detected, which is exerted by the pipe 103, in particular when opening or closing the flap 53 or at corresponding wind loads.

In the exemplary embodiments shown, the drive devices are used in particular for windows, doors or flaps. It is of course also possible to use the drive devices 1 and 101 for other purposes, For example, for adjusting components for vehicles, machines or other applications.

reference numeral

1

driving means

2

casing

3

drive unit

4

spring element

4 '

spring element

5

fastener

5 '

holder

6

sensor

6 '

sensor

6 "

sensor

7 '

fastener

7 "

holder

8th

opening

9

arrow

10

feathers

11

arrow

12

holder

14

connecting element

15

arrow

16

holder

17

arrow

18

Chain

20

spring element

21

floor element

22

leg

23

Stege

24

recess

25

slots

40

leg

41

bottom section

42

web

43

retaining element

50

building

51

sloping roof

52

frame

53

flap

54

hinge

55

holder

56

axis

57

jaws

101

driving means

102

casing

103

inner tube

104

connection

105

cover

106

screw

107

slide

108

inner tube

109

coupling piece

110

drive unit

111

spindle nut

112

spindle

113

drive electronics

114

thread

115

projections

116

admission

117

spring washer

118

screw

119

coupling piece

120

end

121

sensor element

122

Channel / cable channel

123

Grommet

124

management

125

slot

126

center web

127

Stege

128

slot

129

screw

132

recess

133

gauges

134

mounting hole

140

pipe

d

distance

d ₁

gap

d ₂

gap

Claims (16)

Drive device (1, 101), in particular for windows or doors, with a housing (2, 102) on or in which a drive unit (3, 110) of a drive is arranged, wherein the drive unit (3, 110) comprises a movable drive element ( 104) which is guided or mounted on the drive unit (3, 110), characterized in that the drive unit (3, 110) is resiliently mounted on or in the housing (2, 102) and a movement of the drive unit (3, 110) relative to the housing (2, 102) via at least one sensor (6, 121) can be detected. Drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one sensor (6, 121) is connected to a control for the drive. Drive device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that when exceeding a movement of the drive unit (3, 110) relative to the housing (2, 102) of the drive is switchable. Drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive unit (3, 110) is resiliently mounted in two opposite directions. Drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one sensor (6, 121) comprises a strain gauge (133). Drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive is designed as a chain drive. Drive device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the drive is designed as a spindle drive. Drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for fixing the drive unit (3, 110) in the housing (2, 102) a plurality of springs (10, 117) are provided. Drive device according to claim 8, characterized in that the springs (10, 117) prevent a striking of the drive unit (3, 110) even at a maximum load of the drive. Drive device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the springs (10, 117) are designed as annular or plate-shaped leaf springs. Drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (2) is strip-shaped with an integrally formed spring (20). Drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (102) comprises a fixable outer tube in which an inner tube (108) is resiliently mounted. Drive device according to claim 12, characterized in that a sensor element (121) between a fixed to the inner tube coupling piece (119) and a cover (102) fixed to the lid is arranged. Drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the drive means a flap, a window or a door to open or close. Drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that over the at least one sensor (6) wind loads, in particular on a window or a flap, can be detected. Drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one sensor (6) forms an anti-burglary protection with the control.

Images