EP2483023A2

EP2483023A2 - Cutting tool, in particular paring tool, drill head, solid drill head or boring head, and cutting machine and method

Info

Publication number: EP2483023A2
Application number: EP10782525A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Alfred Ostertag
Original assignee: Ferroll GmbH
Current assignee: Ecoroll AG Werkzeugtechnik
Priority date: 2009-10-02
Filing date: 2010-10-01
Publication date: 2012-08-08
Also published as: WO2011038724A3; DE102010013480A1; US20120219370A1; WO2011038724A2; KR20120105424A

Abstract

The invention relates to rotationally symmetrical bodies made of metal which must often be provided with central and straight cylindrical holes. Said holes extend, in parts, over the entire length such that a tubular shaped body is produced due to the boring. When it is necessary to produce holes having a depth greater than approximately >10 x larger than the diameter, deep boring machines are used. Based on said boring depth and on construction details, deviations can occur between the boring axis and of the axis of the tool which can result in waste. The invention proposes a drill head or a solid drill head which comprises a directional control element which is used in the deep boring machines.

Description

tooling, in particular peeling tool, boring head, solid boring head or boring head, as well as a cutting machine and method

[01] The invention relates to a peeling tool, in particular in the form of a boring head, a solid boring head, a boring head or a cutting tool, and a cutting machine and various methods for controlling chip tools.

[02] Rotationally symmetrical bodies of metallic materials often have to be provided with central and straight cylindrical bores. This bore extends partially over the entire length, so that drilling creates a tubular body. If the hole does not extend over the entire length, the hole is called a blind hole. Holes with a depth of approximately greater than 10 x the diameter are executed on deep hole drilling machines. The components used for such holes require a precise and straight course.

To perform the drilling, a drill head is mounted on a drill pipe, which transfers both the torque required for drilling and the feed force from the drilling machine to the drill head via the drill pipe. Used drilling machines are often designed so that only the drill pipe and the associated drill head or just the workpiece to be machined or both the drill head and the workpiece rotate in reverse. If deep hole drilling machines are used, the opposite arrangement is preferred with respect to straightness of the bore. [04] Both this measure and other design details on the tools of the prior art, however, can not prevent deviations of the drilling axis of the axis of the workpiece. Exceeding these deviations above a certain permissible level regularly leads to waste production. General quantities that can cause this deviation are:

CONFIRMATION COPY - The sag of the drill pipe by its own weight and a twisting drill and thereby caused misalignment of the drill head. Furthermore, the slack can change continuously due to imposed vibrations,

different material properties, such as strength or hardness,

- And especially when drilling a strong curvature or eccentricity of the existing bore.

[05] The former can be eliminated or significantly reduced by using a stabilizing drill string. However, the other disturbances are not appreciably affected in this way.

[06] Furthermore, the workpiece to be processed may be responsible even for incoming disturbances. However, although the workpieces are prepared and clamped so that the intended bore axis is identical to the machine axis, straightness and mismatch errors in the outer diameter may cause the outer diameters of the workpieces to be non-concentric with the intended bore axis. This applies in particular to materials that are produced from hot-rolled tubes with comparatively large manufacturing tolerances. Thus, a measurement of the bore profile with the reference to the outer diameter is eliminated in most cases. For such workpieces, the measurement of the bore course is possible only after processing. Here, too, materials with impermissible deviation of the axis nominal course are rejected as rejects.

[07] The object of the invention is to improve the state of the art.

[08] In a first aspect of the invention, this object can be achieved by a peeling tool, which can be used and provided in particular for producing eccentric screws and has a directional control. [09] As a result, deviations when creating, for example, an eccentric screw on the direction control of the peeling tool can be influenced.

[10] It should be explained conceptually that in the context of this application the term "taxes" is used for the sake of simplicity, but in terms of content this also includes a "rule". [11] So that the dead weight of the eccentric screw to be produced does not lead to sagging, the peeling tool can have a floating support body.

[12] In a particular embodiment, the peeling tool has a peeling blade and an actuator, whereby the peeling blade is positioned by means of the adjusting member so that the directional control is realized. Thereby, a simple direction control for the peeling tool can be provided.

[13] In particular, the peeling tool can be provided in such a way that an OMEGA system from ECOROLL, which has a peeling head with three floating peeling blades and a supporting body floating in the middle, is converted so that the peeling blades no longer work are arranged floating and are controlled purely by the actuators.

[14] Both here and in the text which follows, an "actuator" is an actuator which can be controlled by means of electronic or pneumatic or hydraulic signals and which can influence a change in position in the case of the peeling blades, a directional correction by the actuators can take place radially.

[15] In order to smoothly roll the workpiece machined by the peeling tool directly in the connection, the peeling tool can have a smooth-rolling element. In this case, an exhibiting is already ensured by when peeling tool and smooth rolling element can act on the workpiece in a clamping in a cutting machine. [16] In order to impart an exact bore to pre-drilled workpieces, in a further aspect the object can be achieved by a boring head which has a cutting element on a radial outer side, so that a hole can be enlarged in a defined manner by means of a chip removal, wherein the boring head has a directional control ,

[17] The following conceptual is explained.

[18] A "boring head" is a tool for a drilling machine or a deep drilling machine, which enlarges a predrilled hole to a target diameter. [19] The "cutting element" can be formed, for example, by cutting, which are located at an outer position of the drill head and which lead to a "Spanabhub" in a feed into the pre-drilled hole by the contact with the material of the workpiece.

[20] In order to realize the directional control of the boring head, the boring head can have an actuator.

Since the boring head is usually guided by guide means, a simple implementation of the directional control can take place in that a guide rail is deflected defined by the actuator and / or the actuator causes a Winkelverstellen the Aufbohrkopfs. [22] In order that an exact bore can be realized even in the case of a machining operation in the solid material, in a further aspect of the invention the problem can be solved by a solid boring head which has a cutting element in a feed direction at the end, so that a chip removal takes place during a feed, and which has a directional control with an actuator, wherein a guide bar means of the Actuator defined auslenkabr is and / or the actuator causes a defined angular position of the Aufbohrkopfes.

[23] Again, the tool can be guided over the guide rail.

[24] In the case of a solid boring head, the cutting elements are distributed in the radial direction over the circumference so that the entire drill cross section can be machined.

Furthermore, the solid drill head may have a central bore, so that in corresponding deep drilling systems, the cooling lubricant can be discharged with the chips against the feed direction in the center of the workpiece.

[26] The "feed" is realized in such a way that, when the workpiece and / or the solid drill head rotate, the solid drill head is pressed against the workpiece with a certain force, which causes the cutting elements to cause a "chip removal" on the workpiece.

[27] In a further aspect of the invention, the object can be achieved by a drill head which has a tool carrier in relation to which a change takes place by means of the direction control.

[28] Thus, a change in direction of the drill head can be done without the position of the tool carrier must be changed.

[29] Above all, the "drilling head" can be realized as a boring head or solid boring head, so that the term "boring head" is to be understood as generic term for "full boring head" and "boring head".

[30] A "tool carrier" comprises in particular a drill pipe, via which the drill or deep drilling machine is connected to the cutting element. [31] So that the cutting elements can be impressed with a torque, whereby the actual chip removal takes place, the drill head can have a torque receptacle, which is in engagement with the tool carrier. Thus, a transmission of the torque of the drill or deep hole drilling machine on the tool carrier to the cutting elements is possible.

[32] In an additional aspect, the object is achieved by a cutting tool, wherein the actuator is designed as a pneumatic actuator, as a hydraulic actuator or as an electric actuator. Thus, alternative actuator concepts can be provided. [33] A "cutting tool" may include all previously described drill bits, solid boring heads, boring heads or peeling tools, which is to be understood as a generic term for "chip removal tooling".

[34] In order to detect a deviation of the chip tool from a predetermined orientation, the chip tool may have a deviation detector, which detects a deviation of the chip tool from a desired orientation.

[35] This deviation detector is the prerequisite for a regulating or controlling intervention on the directionally adjustable cutting tool, so that even over large drilling depths an exact alignment can be ensured.

[36] To provide the simplest possible deviation detector, it can have a force sensor. Since the workpiece to be machined rotates, due to the measurement of the force, the center deviation from the machine axis due to eccentric rotation of the workpiece can be detected. In the case of an exact hole, the force is zero. If there is an eccentricity, then the force is greater than zero. [37] If the cutting tool rotates, due to the eccentricity, the centrifugal force is greater than in the absence of eccentricity. Thus, it can be concluded by measuring the centrifugal force on the eccentricity of the chip tool and thus on the course of the bore. In this case, the force sensor is designed as a centrifugal force sensor.

[38] In another embodiment, the deviation detector has a guide beam and a detector associated with the guide beam. If the detector signal deviates from the guide beam, this can also be deduced from a deviation of the chip removal tool. [39] In order to ensure an accurate hole without settling during the drilling process, the chip tool may have a controller in which a control algorithm is stored, the controller is connected to the deviation detector and the direction control, so that the deviation of the chip tool to compensate by means of directional control leads. [40] In the case of the centrifugal force sensor, the centrifugal force is continuously measured throughout the drilling process. The control is designed so that the proportion of eccentricity is kept as low as possible.

[41] At this point it should be stated again that the actuators can act on the cutting tool in two different ways. On the one hand, the eccentric position of the drill head can be changed, for example, via the guide rails. Also, a variable angular deviation between the axis of the drill pipe and the drill head is possible.

[42] In one embodiment, the cutting tool has a drill pipe, wherein the drill pipe is in particular rotatably connected to the tool carrier. The advantages of this embodiment have already been carried out. [43] To relieve the control, the drill pipe can have a stabilizing drill pipe set. Thus, influences due to the weight of the drill pipe and the chip tool can be reduced.

In order to increase the production efficiency for the tool to be produced, the tool carrier and / or the drilling and / or the cutting tool can have a post-processing device by means of which a surface created by the cutting tool can be machined in a machine clamping. Such a post-processing device may, in particular, be a smooth-rolling element which changes the microstructure of the surface created by the machining so that it becomes particularly durable.

[45] In a further aspect, the object can be achieved by a cutting machine, in particular deep drilling machine, which comprises a previously described peeling tool and / or a previously described boring head and / or a previously described solid boring head and / or a previously described boring head and / or a previously described boring head has described chip tool.

Thus, not only a tool can be provided, but also a cutting machine. Such a cutting machine may be, for example, a lathe or a whirling machine.

[47] In an additional aspect, the object is achieved by a method for controlling a cutting tool, wherein an adjustment of the direction of a cutting tool by an angle adjustment and / or by a deflection of guide strips takes place.

[48] Thus, alternatives for the directional change of a chip tool can be provided. The cutting tool is to be understood as has already been described in particular. [49] The "Winkelverstellen" is carried out by a variable angular deviation, which takes place for example between the axis of the drill pipe and the drill head.

[50] Changing the guide axis bars leads in particular to changing the pan tool axis. [51] In another aspect, the object may be achieved by a method for determining a deviation of a tool from a desired direction, wherein the determination of the deviation by a centrifugal force sensor and / or by a guide beam and associated detector takes place.

[52] In particular, a measured value of the centrifugal force sensor is determined and compared with an expected value. If, for example, due to the eccentricity of the value is higher than the expected value, there is a different direction, which can be compensated by the Richtrichtverstellen the tool.

[53] For example, the guide beam can be designed as a laser and the associated detector is a location-sensitive light detector, such as a CCD camera, or a position-sensitive photosensor. If the light beam no longer hits the desired point on the detector, the detector signal can be used to determine in which direction the tool deviated.

This is the precondition for a further aspect, which leads to the solution of the problem, in which a method for controlling a tool along a rotation axis is provided, wherein the axis of rotation coincides with a machine axis of rotation and a deviation of the tool from the axis of rotation detected and the tool is directed in a direction to the axis of rotation.

[55] Due to the previously stated procedure, deviation from an axis can be determined. On the basis of this deviation, control action is now exerted on the clamping tool, for example via the actuators, so that the cutting tool he moved again in the direction of the desired axis of rotation. This is done in particular continuously, so that upon reaching the axis of rotation, the actuators are set to the "zero position".

[56] In one related embodiment, the tool may be a previously described peeling tool, a previously described boring head, a previously described solid boring head, a previously described boring head or a previously described cutting tool.

[57] In a further aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by a method for machining a workpiece, wherein the workpiece consists in particular of metal and the method is carried out on a previously described cutting machine, wherein the peeling tool or the boring head or the solid boring head or a feed and a rotation is impressed on the drill head or the chip tool and / or the workpiece, so that a chip is lifted off the workpiece. [58] Thus, a workpiece can be provided, the bores are worked more accurately and thus the reject probability is reduced for the workpiece.

[59] In a related form of expression, the workpiece is imparted with opposite rotation and in comparison to the rotation of the peeling tool or of the boring head or of the solid boring head or of the boring head or of the cutting tool.

[60] Thus, higher productivity can be ensured.

[61] In a further aspect of the invention, the object can be achieved by a workpiece which is produced by one of the methods described above. In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment with reference to the figures. Show

1 shows a schematic longitudinal section of a boring head,

2 shows in a schematic cross section the boring head of FIG. 1 in the

Section plane according to the local marking A-A and

3 shows a diagram for the dependence of the centrifugal force on a rotation angle of a workpiece for three centrifugal force sensors.

[62] In a preferred embodiment of a drill head 1, it is coupled via a drill pipe 5 to a deep drilling machine (not shown). The drill head 1 has one or more cutters 1.1 designed as indexable inserts. At least two wear-resistant guide rails 1.2 are arranged at an appropriate point on the circumference of the drill head 1.

[63] An arrow 1.7 indicates the feed direction of the tool 1. The receiving bore of the drill head 1 is equipped with a toothing or with differently shaped form-fitting elements 1.3 for torque transmission. These are in engagement with torque transmitting elements 2.1 a Mitnehmerflansches 2. The latter is equipped in the forward feed direction with a spherical surface 2.2 and 2.2 in feed directions with a spherical surface. A corresponding concave spherical surface 3.5 is located at the rear end of an axis 3.4 and contacts the spherical surface 2.2.

[64] A divided ring in two halves 1.4 surrounds the spherical surface 2.4 of Mitnehmerflansches 2. It is screwed by means of screws 1.5 almost free of play with the axis 3.4 that the resulting unit of drill head 1, axis 3.4 and split ring 1.4 opposite the driver flange 2 is pivotable in all directions. However, a rotation of this unit relative to the driver flange 2 is not provided. The arcuate driver elements 2.1 and the spherical surfaces 2.2 and 2.3 have a common center 2.1 1. Around this center, the drill head 1 can be pivoted in any direction steplessly by a variable angle α. This movement leads to a change in the direction of drilling and is therefore a desired adjusting movement for correcting the course of the bore.

[66] Alternatively, the angular mobility of the drill head is achieved by other designs. Thus, for example, the connection of Mitnehmerflansches 2 with the drill head 1 via a shaft with elastically flexible region possible. These and other variants are not shown.

[67] Three on the circumference evenly distributed electronic actuators 2.8, wherein in Fig. 1 representatively the actuator 2.8.1 is shown, are arranged so that they hold the drill head in alignment with a tool axis 2.9, when the bore is centered. If an angular deflection of the drill head 1 is required for correction because of occurring eccentricity of the bore, the actuators 2.8 change the angular position of the drill head 1 by the variable deflection angle α to the tool axis 2.9. Alternatively, instead of the electronic actuators 2.8 hydraulic actuators are used.

[68] The control unit consists of the axis 3.4, a housing 3.5 and a concentric ring 3 accommodated therein, the ring 3 having a mass, further comprising an electronic controller 4 and a battery 4.1 required for the power supply of the regulator 4.

The concentric ring 3 is arranged on all sides in the radial direction and is supported by means of three force sensors 3.3 relative to the axis 3.4. An anti-rotation device, not shown, keeps the ring 3 in a constant angular position relative to the axis 3.4. The control unit is attached by means of a nut 3.2 on the axis 3.4. [70] For clarification, reference is made to the arrangement of the force sensors 3.3 in FIG. The force sensors are marked with the numbers 3.3.1 to 3.3.3.

[71] The drill head 1 described above is screwed tightly by means of the screws 2.7 with a tool carrier 8 and secured against rotation. [72] The tool carrier 8 is screwed to the drill pipe 5 by means of a standardized connecting thread. The drill pipe 5 transmits the feed force 2.5 generated by the deep drilling machine, which is transmitted via the driver flange 2 to the drill head unit 8, 5, 1. At the same time, the drill pipe 5 takes on rotating workpiece on the resulting reaction torque during drilling. [73] A force 2.12 introduced by the drill pipe 5 during the retraction of the tool 1 is transmitted to the drill head unit via the rear spherical surface 2.4.

[74] In the case of an undesired bore progression, the center axis of a bore 6.1 has an eccentricity e with respect to a central axis 7 of the deep drilling machine. The workpiece 6 rotates in the direction of an arrow 6.2 around the deep drilling machine axis 7. A tool axis 2.9 describes an orbit 2.10 with a radius e. The mass of the ring 3 generates under this rotation, a centrifugal force 3.1, which is taken in the illustrated instantaneous position by a portion of the force sensors 3.3.2, 3.3.3 each half.

[75] In this condition no force acts on the sensor 3.3.1. Throughout the revolution, the direction of the centrifugal force always runs in the radial direction, which is formed by the connecting line between deep hole drilling machine axis 7 and tool axis 2.9.

[76] The diagram of Figure 3 shows how centrifugal force 3.1 depends on the angle of rotation of the workpiece to one to two of the three sensors 3.3 is distributed. The magnitude of the centrifugal force depends on the constant mass of the ring 3, the constant workpiece speed and on the variable eccentricity e.

[77] The sensors 3.3 measure both magnitude and direction of centrifugal force during workpiece rotation on synchronous orbit 2.10. Both sizes are variable. In addition to the centrifugal force, ring 3 exerts the weight force, which is constant in size and direction, to the center of the earth. This has no significance for the function of the tool and is therefore filtered out in the controller 4.

[78] The two variables are processed in the controller 4 and output as control signals to the actuators 2.8. Each of the actuators 2.8.1 to 2.8.3 (for reference, only the actuator is 2.8.1 drawn) is assigned to each sensor 3.3.1 to 3.3.3. In order to reduce the eccentricity e, the adjusting movement causes a change in the drilling direction against the centrifugal force.

[79] Actuators 2.8 distributed evenly around the circumference are acted upon in such a way that the axis of the drill head 1 is deflected by the angle α counter to the direction of the centrifuge force. This changes the drilling direction. After adjusting, the hole runs along the axis 1.7.1 at the angle a. The size of the deflection angle is proportionally controlled depending on the size of the centrifugal force and thus directly dependent on the eccentricity e.

[80] It follows that the further drilling progress below the instantaneous deflection angle α reduces the eccentricity e. Accordingly, the centrifugal force decreases. As a result, the deflection angle α is continuously reduced. With an eccentricity e of zero, the centrifugal force and the deflection angle become zero. The bore axis coincides in this case with the machine axis.

[81] Control and motion sequences are described above for the simple case in which only the workpiece rotates and the tool stationary is operated. On deep drilling machines equipped with counter-rotation, users will also rotate the tool in opposite directions to increase their productivity.

[82] The direction control is adjusted for this operating mode. The decisive for controlling the drilling tool centrifugal force 3.1 runs synchronously with the workpiece speed. It is from the sensors 3.3. Ibis 3.3.3 continuously measured. The relative movement of the tool against the workpiece rotation causes each sensor 3.3. Ibis 3.3.3 passes through the effective direction of the centrifugal force several times per workpiece rotation. The drill head 1 is deflected against the effective direction of the centrifugal force 3.1 by a variable angle α. In this case, the direction of the deflection angle α always remains in accordance with the direction of the revolving centrifugal force.

[83] The main change is that the 3 actuators go through the direction of the deflection angle α once each revolution of the tool. For the controller 4, this would mean an increase in the frequency of the control pulses for the force sensors 3.3 and the actuators 2.8. This is technically implemented in the structural design of these elements 3.3, 2.8 and 4 of the controller.

[84] In an alternative embodiment, the actuators 2.8 between the drill head 1 and guide rails 1.2 are arranged. This embodiment is not shown in the drawing. An angular mobility of the drill head 1 relative to the tool is not required in this embodiment. Instead, the guide rails 1.2 are movable in the radial direction. The control movement takes place in this case by the deflection of the guide rails 1.2 in the radial direction.

[85] The invention is applied to solid boring tools, for example. In this case, the drill head 1 is designed so that the control unit is arranged in the feed direction behind the drill head 1 and that the cutting in the radial direction and are distributed over the circumference, so that with this arrangement, the entire bore cross section is machined. In addition, the control unit is structurally provided with a continuous central bore so that, in accordance with the deep-hole drilling machine system, the cooling lubricant with the chips is discharged against the feed direction in the center of the tool.

[86] The directional control is alternatively incorporated in single or combined with straight rolling tools peeling tools. For this purpose, an OMEGA system from ECOROLL with three floating peeling knives and a central floating support body is being adapted for this purpose. In this case, the actuators are arranged so that the peeling blades no longer float freely and are deflected to correct direction by the actuators radially.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 drill head

1.1 cutting

1.2 Guide rails

1.3 Elements for torque transmission

1.4 split ring

1.5 screws

1.6 spherical avenues

1.7 Arrow for feed direction

2 driving flange

2.1 driver elements

2.2 spherical surface

2.4 spherical surface

2.5 feed force

2.6 Housing

2.7 screws

2.8 actuators

2.9 Tool axis

2.10 Orbit of the tool axis (2.9) 2.1 1 Center point of the spherical surfaces

3 concentric ring (mass)

3.1 Centrifugal force (measured variable)

3.2 mother

3.3 Force Sensors (3.3.1 to 3.3.3) 3.4 Axle

3.5 housing

4 controllers battery

drill pipe

workpiece

Center axis of the hole

Arrow for workpiece rotation

Deep drill axis

Tool carrier or follower tool

Claims

claims:

1. peeling tool, in particular for the manufacture of eccentric screws, characterized by a directional control.

2. peeling tool according to claim 1, characterized by a floating support body.

3. peeling tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a paring knife and an actuator, wherein the actuator is arranged for the defined positioning of the paring knife, so that the direction control is realized.

4. peeling tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a smooth rolling element.

5. Aufbohrkopf, which has a cutting element on a radial outer side, so that by means of a Spanabhubes a hole can be enlarged defined, characterized by a direction control.

6. Aufbohrkopf according to claim 5, characterized in that the direction control comprises an actuator.

7. Aufbohrkopf according to any one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that a guide bar is deflectable by means of the actuator and or an adjustment of the actuator causes a Winkelverstellen the Aufbohrkopfes.

8. solid drill head, which has a cutting element in a feed direction at the end, so that a chip removal takes place during a feed, characterized by a directional control with an actuator, wherein a guide Leiste defined by means of the actuator is deflectable and / or an adjustment of the actuator causes a defined angular displacement of the Aufbohrkopfes.

9. Drilling head according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized by a tool carrier and / or a workpiece carrier, in relation to which a change of direction by means of the direction control takes place.

10. Drilling head according to claim 9, characterized in that a torque receptacle is provided which is in engagement with the tool carrier.

1 1. cutting tool, in particular in the form of a peeling tool, Aufbohrkopfs, Vollbohrkopfs or drill head, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an actuator in the form of a pneumatic actuator, hydraulic actuator or electronic actuator is provided.

12. Cutting tool according to claim 11, characterized by a deviation detector, which detects a deviation of the chip tool from a desired orientation.

13. Chip tool according to claim 12, characterized in that the deviation detector comprises a force sensor, which is designed in particular as a centrifugal force sensor.

14. Chip cutting tool according to claim 12, characterized in that the deviation detector has an optical guide beam and a detector associated with the guide beam.

15. Cutting tool according to one of claims 1 1 to 14, characterized by a controller in which a control algorithm is stored, wherein the controller is connected to the deviation detector and the direction control, so that the Deviation of the chip tool leads to a compensation by means of the direction control.

Cutting tool according to one of claims 1 1 to 15, characterized by a drill pipe, wherein the drill pipe is in particular rotatably connected to the tool carrier.

Cutting tool according to claim 16, characterized in that the drill pipe has a stabilizing Bohrrohrgarnitur.

Chip cutting tool according to one of claims 1 1 to 17, characterized in that the tool carrier and / or the drill pipe and / or the cutting tool have a post-processing device, through which in a machine setup a surface created by the cutting tool can be machined.

Cutting machine, in particular deep drilling machine, characterized by a peeling tool according to one of claims 1 to 4 and / or a boring head according to one of claims 5 to 7 and / or a solid boring head according to claim 8 and / or a boring head according to any one of claims 9 and / or 10 or a cutting tool according to one of claims 1 1 to 18.

Method for controlling a cutting tool, characterized in that an adjustment of a direction of the chip tool by an angle adjustment and / or by a deflection of a Spanwerkzeugsachse takes place, in particular by changing guide strips.

Method for determining a deviation of a tool from a desired direction, characterized in that the determination of the deviation by a centrifugal force sensor and / or by a guide beam and associated detector takes place. A method of controlling a tool along an axis of rotation, wherein the axis of rotation coincides with a machine axis of rotation, characterized in that a deviation of the tool from the axis of rotation detected and the tool is directed in a direction to the axis of rotation.

A method according to claim 22, characterized in that the tool is a peeling tool according to one of claims 1 to 4 or a boring head according to one of claims 5 to 7 or a solid boring head according to claim 8 or a boring head according to any one of claims 9 or 10 or a cutting tool according to one of claims 1 1 to 18 is.

Method for machining a particular metal workpiece, the method being carried out on a cutting machine according to claim 19, characterized in that the peeling tool or the boring head or the solid boring head or the drill head or the chip tool and / or the workpiece, a feed and / or a rotation be impressed, so that the workpiece is lifted off the workpiece.

A method according to claim 24, characterized in that the workpiece is set in counter-rotation in comparison to the rotation of the peeling tool or the Aufbohrkopfes or the Vollbohrkopfes or the drill head or the chip tool.

Workpiece, characterized in that it is produced by a device according to one of claims 1 to 19 and / or by a method according to one of claims 20 to 25.