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EP2467335A1 - Réacteur de purification anaérobie d'eaux usées comprenant des dispositifs de séparation de phases multiples - Google Patents

Réacteur de purification anaérobie d'eaux usées comprenant des dispositifs de séparation de phases multiples

Info

Publication number
EP2467335A1
EP2467335A1 EP10739876A EP10739876A EP2467335A1 EP 2467335 A1 EP2467335 A1 EP 2467335A1 EP 10739876 A EP10739876 A EP 10739876A EP 10739876 A EP10739876 A EP 10739876A EP 2467335 A1 EP2467335 A1 EP 2467335A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reactor
reactor according
gas
phase separator
guide elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10739876A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Axel Gommel
Dieter Efinger
Ronald Mulder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voith Patent GmbH
Aquatyx Wassertechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Voith Patent GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voith Patent GmbH filed Critical Voith Patent GmbH
Publication of EP2467335A1 publication Critical patent/EP2467335A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/28Anaerobic digestion processes
    • C02F3/2866Particular arrangements for anaerobic reactors
    • C02F3/2873Particular arrangements for anaerobic reactors with internal draft tube circulation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D21/00Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/0012Settling tanks making use of filters, e.g. by floating layers of particulate material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D21/00Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/0039Settling tanks provided with contact surfaces, e.g. baffles, particles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D21/00Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/0039Settling tanks provided with contact surfaces, e.g. baffles, particles
    • B01D21/0045Plurality of essentially parallel plates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D21/00Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/0039Settling tanks provided with contact surfaces, e.g. baffles, particles
    • B01D21/0057Settling tanks provided with contact surfaces, e.g. baffles, particles with counter-current flow direction of liquid and solid particles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D21/00Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/009Heating or cooling mechanisms specially adapted for settling tanks
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D21/00Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/24Feed or discharge mechanisms for settling tanks
    • B01D21/2444Discharge mechanisms for the classified liquid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D21/00Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/24Feed or discharge mechanisms for settling tanks
    • B01D21/245Discharge mechanisms for the sediments
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D21/00Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/24Feed or discharge mechanisms for settling tanks
    • B01D21/2494Feed or discharge mechanisms for settling tanks provided with means for the removal of gas, e.g. noxious gas, air
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/28Anaerobic digestion processes
    • C02F3/2846Anaerobic digestion processes using upflow anaerobic sludge blanket [UASB] reactors
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/26Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the processing of plants or parts thereof
    • C02F2103/28Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the processing of plants or parts thereof from the paper or cellulose industry

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a reactor for the anaerobic purification of wastewater, in particular of waste water from Pandaind ustrie umacid a reactor vessel with at least one inlet for supplying wastewater to be cleaned in the reactor, at least one outlet for discharging purified water, at least one sediment and at least two multi-phase separators arranged one above the other.
  • a reactor vessel with at least one inlet for supplying wastewater to be cleaned in the reactor, at least one outlet for discharging purified water, at least one sediment and at least two multi-phase separators arranged one above the other.
  • the wastewater to be treated with aerobic or anaerobic microorganisms is contacted, which contains the organic impurities contained in the wastewater in the case of aerobic microorganisms predominantly to carbon dioxide, biomass and water and in the case of anaerobic microorganisms mainly to carbon dioxide and methane and only reduce a small part to biomass.
  • the reactors for anaerobic wastewater treatment are subdivided into contact sludge reactors, UASB reactors, EGSB reactors, fixed bed reactors and fluidized bed reactors. While the microorganisms in fixed bed reactors adhere to stationary carrier materials and the microorganisms in fluidized bed reactors adhere to freely movable, small carrier material, the microorganisms in the UASB and EGSB bacteria Reactors used in the form of so-called pellets. Unlike UASB (upflow anaerobic sludge blanket) reactors, expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactors are higher and have a much smaller footprint at the same volume.
  • UASB upflow anaerobic sludge blanket
  • EGSB expanded granular sludge bed
  • the wastewater or a mixture of wastewater to be purified and already purified wastewater from the outlet of the anaerobic reactor is fed to the reactor via an inlet in the lower reactor region and passed through a sludge bed containing microorganism pellets located above the feed.
  • microorganisms in particular methane and carbon dioxide-containing gas (which is also referred to as biogas), which partially accumulates in the form of small bubbles on the microorganism pellets and partly in the form of free gas bubbles in the reactor upwards increases. Due to the accumulated gas bubbles, the specific gravity of the pellets decreases, causing the pellets to rise in the reactor.
  • separators are usually arranged in the middle and / or upper part of the reactor, under the ridge of which biogas accumulates, which forms a gas cushion, including a flotation layer of microorganism pellets and wastewater is located.
  • Purified water freed of gas and microorganism pellets rises in the reactor and is withdrawn via overflows at the top of the reactor.
  • Such processes and corresponding reactors are described, for example, in EP 0 170 332 A and in EP 1 071 636 B.
  • the upper three-phase separator usually also forms the roof of the reactors.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the performance of the reactor with the least possible effort.
  • the object has been achieved by the fact that, for the time being, two multiphase separation devices are designed differently.
  • the design of the multi-phase separators can be better adapted to the conditions at the installation site in the reactor vessel and the specific tasks that are associated with it.
  • the lower multi-phase separator which closes the high-load zone in the lower reactor region, preferably has the task of separating most of the resulting biogas. Here it must be ensured that the occurring gas quantities are captured and the gas / sludge / water mixture is safely led into the internal circulation circuit.
  • the internal recirculation circuit consists of a mammoth pump that delivers to the gas separator on the reactor head. The separated gas / water mixture passes from there via a downpipe back into the area under the lower multiphase separator.
  • the primary purpose of the upper multiphase separator is to ensure that no granulated biomass is discharged with the clear water. She is not on - A - connected to the internal recirculation circuit. Secluded Grainy
  • Biomass is therefore i.A. returned to the process exclusively by sedimentation. If the space above the suspension is made gas-tight, a separate collection of gas is not required because the gas enters this Gassammeiraum independently.
  • Polyphase separation device preferably the upper, in particular the top covers only part of the reactor cross-section, which reduces the cost of manufacturing.
  • At least one lower, preferably the lowest multi-phase separator should be designed as a three-phase separator, which has a system of gas hoods and preferably also guide elements.
  • This three-phase separator is to capture the ascending gas as large as possible free hydraulic passage surfaces and direct it into gas collection facilities, from which it can be removed.
  • the guide elements should advantageously be arranged below the spaces between adjacent gas hoods.
  • at least one upper, preferably the uppermost, multi-phase separation device is designed merely as a two-phase separation device which provides the largest possible clarification area.
  • this two-phase separation device consists exclusively or at least substantially of guide elements.
  • these guide elements are preferably formed by lamellae of a lamella separator.
  • the slat separator should be designed with a very low height.
  • the lamella separator can be designed in the form of plates or in the form of plug-in polygonal elements. According to the requirements and circumstances, it may be advantageous or necessary that the guide elements are distributed over the entire cross section of the reactor vessel or distributed only over a, preferably central, partial cross section of the reactor vessel. If the lamellar separator is smaller than the reactor cross-section, it should be designed in such a way that optimal separation of the biomass takes place under the respective hydraulic conditions. In this case must be replaced by appropriate
  • a gas-tight Gassammeiraum which is connected to a gas discharge line, so that rising biogas is safely collected in the gas system.
  • At least one drain should be provided above the uppermost multi-phase separator to discharge the purified water.
  • the anaerobic reactor can usually be driven at higher ascent rates than conventional reactors.
  • Polyphase separators are designed so that sinking granular
  • At least one outflow in the upper part of the reactor vessel is part of the upper, preferably the uppermost, multiphase separation device.
  • the screen can be provided with cleaning devices which simultaneously generate necessary pulses to shear the gas from the granulated biomass.
  • the drive energy could be generated for this purpose by the available geodetics.
  • An alternative to this is the separation of biomass and water and the separation in a light centrifugal field. However, the shear forces occurring in this case may not be so high that they damage the biosludge.
  • Biomass would be deposited with the heavy fraction and could be fed back into the process.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a reactor
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 various lower multiphase separation devices 5 and
  • FIGS. 5 to 8 different upper multiphase separation devices 6.
  • the bioreactor shown in Figure 1 comprises a reactor vessel which is cylindrical in its middle and upper part and tapers in its lower part downwardly conically.
  • separators 5, 6 can each have a plurality of gas hoods 7 or even multiple layers of gas hoods 7.
  • Above the upper multiphase separation device 6 are processes 3 each in the form of an overflow, over which the purified water is withdrawn from the reactor.
  • a gas separation device 17 On the reactor, a gas separation device 17 is arranged, which is connected via the lines 18 with the two multi-phase separation devices 5.6. In addition, from the bottom of the gas separation device 17, a sinking line 19 leads into the lower part of the reactor vessel.
  • a sediment vent 4, 4 solids or a suspension of solid and liquid can be withdrawn from the reactor vessel via the sediment and 2 through the supply line liquid for rinsing the lower reactor vessel part can be introduced.
  • the Zulaufverteilsystem is formed by a plurality of inlets 2, which are arranged uniformly at the bottom of the reactor vessel, here the inner wall of the funnel and lead the wastewater to be purified 1 in the reactor vessel.
  • a high number of controllable feed lines 2 makes it possible to adjust the distribution of the supplied waste water 1 at the bottom of the reactor vessel.
  • the introduced waste water 1 flows slowly from the feeds 2 in the reactor vessel upwards until it is contained in the microorganism-containing sludge pellets
  • Fermentation zone 19 passes.
  • the microorganisms contained in the pellets decompose the organic impurities contained in the waste water 1 mainly to methane and carbon dioxide gas.
  • the generated gases produce gas bubbles, the larger of which detach from the pellets and bubble in the form of gas bubbles through the medium, whereas small gas bubbles adhere to the sludge pellets.
  • the free gas bubbles catch in the gas hoods 7 and form under the ridge of the gas hoods 7 a gas cushion.
  • a flotation layer consisting of microorganism pellets with small gas bubbles adhering thereto.
  • the gas collected in the gas hoods 7 as well as pellets and water from the flotation layer are removed, for example via an existing in the front of the gas hoods 7, not shown opening from the gas hoods 7, optionally mixed together via a mixing chamber, also not shown, and via the line 18 in the gas separator 17 out.
  • the water, the rising microorganism pellets, and the gas bubbles that have not already been separated in the lower multiphase separator 5 continue to rise in the reactor vessel up to the upper multiphase separator 6.
  • the last small gas bubbles dissolve from the microorganism pellets that have passed into the upper multi-phase separator 6, so that the specific gravity of the pellets increases again and the pellets fall down.
  • the remaining gas bubbles are collected in the possibly existing gas hoods 7 of the upper multi-phase separator 6 and again at the end faces the individual gas hoods 7 transferred into a gas manifold, from which the gas is passed via the line 18 into the gas separation device 17.
  • the gas can be collected in a gas-tight gas collection unit 15 in the upper part of the reactor vessel, which is connected to a gas discharge line.
  • the now purified water continues to rise from the upper multiphase separator 6 up until it is withdrawn via the overflows from the reactor vessel and discharged through a drain line 3.
  • the gas separation device 17 the gas separates from the remaining water and the microorganism pellets, wherein the suspension of pellets and the wastewater is recirculated via the sink 19 into the reactor vessel.
  • the outlet opening of the sinking line 19 opens into the lower part of the reactor vessel, where the recycled suspension of pellets and waste water with the, the reactor via the feeds 2 supplied wastewater 1 is mixed, after which the cycle begins again.
  • wastewater contains more or less solids.
  • Wastewater from the paper industry for example, contains significant concentrations of solid fillers and lime.
  • the accumulating at the top of the reactor vessel sediment can be withdrawn continuously or batchwise from the reactor as needed.
  • the multiphase separation devices 5, 6 are specially adapted to their tasks. In essence, this means that the bottom multi-phase separator is primarily optimized for gas capture and the top ensures that residual granular sludge can be safely separated from the clear water with them. Therefore, the lower polyphase separator 5 is designed as a three-phase separator and the upper 6 only as a two-phase separator.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 a plurality of layers of gas hoods 7 arranged one above the other are intended to collect and remove as much gas as possible.
  • the gas hoods 7 of the superimposed layers are essentially also positioned one above the other. Here are located below and between the gas hoods 7 horizontally and obliquely extending guide elements 8, which should direct the gas bubbles to the overlying gas hoods 7.
  • the gas hoods 7 of the superimposed layers are offset from one another in such a way that, if possible, a gas hood 7 of an upper layer is located above the intermediate space between two or more gas hoods 7 of a layer arranged underneath.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4 shows a layer of gas hoods 7 and a plurality of layers of subjacent guide elements 8 underneath. These guide elements 8 run obliquely and direct the gas bubbles to the gas hoods 7.
  • Figures 5 and 6 each show an upper two-phase separator 6, over which the overflow with the outlet 3 for the purified wastewater 1 is located.
  • Lamellae of a lamella separator formed, which are to separate the solids from the water.
  • This separator extends in FIG. 5 over the entire reactor cross section and in FIG. 6 only over a central part of the reactor cross section.
  • a gas discharge element 10 is located below the guide elements 9 in the form of a horizontal plate extending over the entire lamella separator.
  • This Gasableitelement 10 leads ascending gas here in the edge regions of the reactor cross section through which a gas-tight gas collection chamber 15 is located.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show an upper two-phase separating device 6 of another type.
  • an outflow 16 leads from the upper part of the reactor into a separating vessel 12 in which the filling level lies substantially below the inlet of the outflow 16, the upper part of the separating vessel 12 with a gas discharge line 13 connected, the bottom part with a line 14 for recycling the biomass in the lower part of the reactor and between this biomass line 14 and the filling level is the outlet 3 for the purified water.
  • the recirculation of the biomass via the biomass line 14 should be supported with conveying aids, such as here a pump.
  • the gravity increases by the height of the fall it comes to the separation of biomass and water, which allows their separate derivation.
  • the thereby separated gas migrates largely upwards and can be removed there.
  • the geodetic height of the reactor is sufficient.
  • the purified water is pumped through a sieve 11 of the drain 3, wherein the sieve 11 should retain light biomass.
  • the screen 11 can be provided with cleaning devices which simultaneously generate necessary pulses to shear off the gas from the granulated biomass.
  • the drive energy could also be generated by the available geodetics.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un réacteur de purification anaérobie d'eaux usées (1), en particulier d'eaux usées (1) issues de l'industrie papetière, comprenant une enceinte de réacteur qui comporte au moins une amenée (2) assurant l'arrivée d'eaux usées (1) à purifier dans le réacteur, au moins une évacuation (3) permettant l'évacuation de l'eau propre, au moins un élément d'extraction de sédiments (4) et au moins deux dispositifs de séparation de phases multiples (5, 6) superposés. Selon l'invention, l'efficacité du réacteur est améliorée avec une simplicité maximale. A cet effet, au moins deux dispositifs de séparation de phases multiples (5,6) sont différemment constitués.
EP10739876A 2009-08-18 2010-07-12 Réacteur de purification anaérobie d'eaux usées comprenant des dispositifs de séparation de phases multiples Withdrawn EP2467335A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009037953A DE102009037953A1 (de) 2009-08-18 2009-08-18 Reaktor
PCT/EP2010/059953 WO2011020651A1 (fr) 2009-08-18 2010-07-12 Réacteur de purification anaérobie d'eaux usées comprenant des dispositifs de séparation de phases multiples

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2467335A1 true EP2467335A1 (fr) 2012-06-27

Family

ID=43118910

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10739876A Withdrawn EP2467335A1 (fr) 2009-08-18 2010-07-12 Réacteur de purification anaérobie d'eaux usées comprenant des dispositifs de séparation de phases multiples

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8663468B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2467335A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102471109B (fr)
DE (1) DE102009037953A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011020651A1 (fr)

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CN102225799B (zh) * 2011-05-11 2012-10-03 浙江大学 强化除磷反应器
DE102012212675A1 (de) * 2012-07-19 2014-02-27 Voith Patent Gmbh Abwasserbehandlung
JP6000886B2 (ja) * 2013-03-28 2016-10-05 住友重機械工業株式会社 嫌気性処理装置
CN110305772A (zh) * 2019-08-07 2019-10-08 徐州国鼎盛和环境科技有限公司 一种利用好氧污泥驯化厌氧菌的厌氧反应器
CN111807512A (zh) * 2020-08-04 2020-10-23 宁波上福源环保科技有限公司 一种直排式废水处理厌氧塔
CN117819716B (zh) * 2024-02-28 2024-04-30 山东众思创环境工程有限公司 一种生物发酵废水处理设备

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US8663468B2 (en) 2014-03-04
CN102471109A (zh) 2012-05-23
DE102009037953A1 (de) 2011-03-03
WO2011020651A1 (fr) 2011-02-24
US20130037468A1 (en) 2013-02-14
CN102471109B (zh) 2015-03-25

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