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EP2455701A1 - Protection of an object from hollow charges - Google Patents

Protection of an object from hollow charges Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2455701A1
EP2455701A1 EP12000855A EP12000855A EP2455701A1 EP 2455701 A1 EP2455701 A1 EP 2455701A1 EP 12000855 A EP12000855 A EP 12000855A EP 12000855 A EP12000855 A EP 12000855A EP 2455701 A1 EP2455701 A1 EP 2455701A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
protective layer
rods
bars
protected
projectile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12000855A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2455701B1 (en
Inventor
Marc Radstake
Hanspeter Dr. Kaufmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RUAG Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
RUAG Land Systems AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by RUAG Land Systems AG filed Critical RUAG Land Systems AG
Priority to EP12000855.2A priority Critical patent/EP2455701B1/en
Publication of EP2455701A1 publication Critical patent/EP2455701A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2455701B1 publication Critical patent/EP2455701B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41HARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02Plate construction
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41HARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02Plate construction
    • F41H5/023Armour plate, or auxiliary armour plate mounted at a distance of the main armour plate, having cavities at its outer impact surface, or holes, for deflecting the projectile
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41HARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02Plate construction
    • F41H5/04Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0492Layered armour containing hard elements, e.g. plates, spheres, rods, separated from each other, the elements being connected to a further flexible layer or being embedded in a plastics or an elastomer matrix
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826Assembling or joining
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24058Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including grain, strips, or filamentary elements in respective layers or components in angular relation

Definitions

  • the aforesaid protective arrangements have the disadvantage that they are to some extent the destructive effect of disturbance of the shaped charge jet, in its formation, i. before stretching, reduce.
  • the extended rods are not able to prevent the initiation of the explosive charge.
  • the rods are arranged at an angle to the surface, which is the probable, corresponds presumptive flight direction to the object to be protected and that the rods are arranged in rows on a tiltable carrier, which is in operative connection with tiltable carriers of further rows.
  • the threat situation and the probable trajectory of a projectile for projecting the bars is taken into account, in which the bars are arranged at an angle to the surface which corresponds to the probable presumptive direction of flight on the object to be protected.
  • a message of the few required rows can be done automatically, for example by a level control.
  • Particularly vulnerable and therefore particularly worthy of protection are entrances and exits to vehicles (air intakes, exhausts, filler neck, personal and maintenance closures such as doors, lids, etc.) as well as viewing windows for optical and electronic devices.
  • the type of drive of the rows is at the discretion of the skilled person and can be done with well-known electromotive, pneumatic or hydraulic drives.
  • the surface mentioned in the claim may be flat or any space surface.
  • the support of the rods or pins can be done in the area and / or the rods can be fixed behind it in a solid plate.
  • the characteristics of the arrangement of the rods or pins allow the projectile a partial penetration of the hood into the matrix. Surprisingly, the ignition function is disturbed so massively immediate that in most cases no initiation of the charge takes place. If, in individual cases, an ignition takes place, the optimum distance (stand-off) of the shaped charge to the target is exceeded in the case of precision charges, which, as is known, leads to a considerable reduction of their jet power and / or only to a mere burnup. In conjunction with conventional protective measures (passive and / or active armor), the object is sufficiently protected even in such cases.
  • Prerequisite for preventing an initiation of the ignition according to claim 2 are rods or pins, which are galvanically conductive at least in the part directly acted upon by the projectile.
  • end faces of the rods are provided with obtuse-angled cones which terminate in sharp points, or if these end faces are provided with a central sharp-edged pin, in many cases this results in direct destruction of the piezocrystal, even if the projectile tip strikes the rod directly on a rod in the impact fuze.
  • fragmentation of the crystal means that the necessary ignition voltage is undershot, so that the initiation of the charge does not occur.
  • the rods are particularly easy to fix in a solid plate, from which they protrude.
  • a massive plate is very easy to equip with rods and also has the advantage that it is an effective protection against small-caliber ammunition.
  • FIG. 1 1 is a protective layer.
  • rods 3 are used in a matrix-like manner and are fixed on the back side with flanges 4 on the base plate 2.
  • the rods 3 project beyond an inner surface 2 'by a length l 1 .
  • a bullet 100 in the direction of flight F impinging on an object O to be protected penetrates with its impact fuze 102 between the rods 3.
  • a thin-walled double hood 101 of the projectile 100 is thereby perforated and electrically short-circuited by the end portions 3b of the rods 3, so that the front-side impact fuse 102 with its piezo sensor can no longer be effective.
  • the double hood 101 is, physically considered, a two-wire planar line for the ignition energy.
  • the diagonal distance a between the bars 3, 3a, 3b of a matrix of a plurality of bars 3 is at a maximum smaller than the caliber K of the active projectile.
  • the double hood 101 is thereby "impaled” and short-circuited, but at least compressed; see partial section illustration in Fig. 1 ,
  • the entire length l 0 of the hood 101, measured from the tip of the Auftschzünders 102 to the largest diameter of a lining 104 of a shaped charge 103 is shorter than the free length l 1 of the rods 3.
  • the tips 3 'of the rods 3 are sharp-edged and made of hardened steel and / or have a galvanically conductive coating.
  • Fig. 2 shows the unfavorable case of an obliquely striking the bars 3 projectile, with only the hood 101 and the impact fuze 102 are drawn.
  • the piezo generator may be activated before the hood 101 is pierced, so that further protective measures in the protective layer 1 imposing.
  • Fig. 3 shows a similar situation, but here the probability of ignition of the shaped charge is already much smaller, since a rod 3 has already pierced the hood 101 before touching the Auftschzünders 102 with another rod and shorted.
  • Fig. 4a and 4b show measures to improve the protective effect. It has been shown that piezoelectric impact detonators directly striking the tips 3 'of the bars 3 directly on the front are often completely destroyed before they generate a sufficiently high ignition voltage. The prerequisite for such a destruction are extremely high surface pressures, ie pulses such as those caused by a blunt cone 5 with a sharp-edged tip 6 (FIG. Fig. 4a ) or by a sharp-edged pin 7 of 1 to 2 mm in diameter ( Fig. 4b ) be achieved.
  • ie pulses such as those caused by a blunt cone 5 with a sharp-edged tip 6 (FIG. Fig. 4a ) or by a sharp-edged pin 7 of 1 to 2 mm in diameter ( Fig. 4b ) be achieved.
  • Fig. 5 Based on the knowledge from the FIGS. 2 and 3 are according to Fig. 5 the rods 3 at an inclination angle ⁇ inserted into the base plate 2, in which case a fictitious flight direction F f was assumed, which corresponds to the threat situation.
  • the inner surface of the base plate 2 is again denoted by 2 '. This allows, like Fig. 5 shows, also optimally protect inclined surfaces.
  • Fig. 6 shows a protective layer 1 with an inner crush layer 8 made of a corrugated perforated steel sheet, which can absorb kinetic energy if the projectile obliquely penetrates and / or its charge is ignited.
  • the effect of a shaped charge jet reduced, because the optimal distance to the target, ie the object to be protected O, is exceeded by 2 to 3 times the caliber (stand off). So that the effective length l 1 (see. Fig. 1 ) of the bars 3 is not exceeded, the highest position of the surface 2 ', ie the "wave peaks" of the layer 8 is selected as a measurement basis.
  • the bars 3 are covered by a lightweight foam 9 (commercially available polymer). Covers 10 are made of thin-walled aluminum plates on the side.
  • Fig. 8 are on an armored vehicle 110, the windscreens with a protective layer 1, which is transparent and adjustable.
  • the rods 3 which can be tilted in rows R1 to Rn and in lateral bearings 13 'can be adjusted to the current threat situation by means of a drive 13 with articulated connections 12.
  • the drive 13 is installed in a known roof protection 16 and therefore shown in dashed lines.
  • FIG. 1 is a particularly, weight-saving development drawn.
  • a rod 3a is made of a rigid composite with carbon fibers. To improve the conductivity of this is metallized at its threat facing surface 3a to one third of the total l 1 length and wear metallic tips 3 '.
  • the most hardcoat possible is a galvanically conductive layer m, which optionally consists of titanium carbonitride (TiCN) or titanium nitride (TiN) in the present case.
  • TiCN titanium carbonitride
  • TiN titanium nitride
  • the color of the coating is chosen according to the camouflage color of the object.
  • Another advantage of this embodiment is the small “Radarquerexcellent", ie it contributes little to the radar detection and does not affect the other means for "camouflage".
  • Rods in this embodiment are mainly for movable protective layers, analog Fig. 8 intended.
  • An armed tracked vehicle Fig. 9
  • an armored infantry fighting vehicle 111 for a protected troop transport is provided with modular protective layers 1 according to FIG Fig. 7 equipped.
  • the two movable optical sensors 112 are protected against direct bombardment by adapted side covers 10 (protective layers), with integrated rods 3.
  • adapted side covers 10 protection layers
  • integrated rods 3 for illustrative reasons here is also the existing lightweight foam layer, see. Fig. 6 and 7 not shown.
  • Such protective layers 10 are recommended for all inputs and outputs, such as for air inlets and exhaust openings on vehicles or stationary systems.
  • side air intakes 17 are provided with rods 3 and thus protected.
  • a protective layer 1 ' consists of a steel net known per se Fig. 10 , in whose node 14 rods 3 are used.
  • the rods 3 are protected by means of a respective gusset plate 15 from twisting. Again, here is the measurement base for the length of the bars 3, the surface 2 ', which corresponds to the maximum height of the gusset plates 15. Welding points are not shown on the gusset plates 15, which give the rods 3 the necessary stability.
  • the node lobes 15 take over together with the meshes of the network 2a, the function of a plate 2, 2 '; see. Fig. 1 to Fig. 7 , In contrast to a plate, however, a net 2a can easily be adapted to the spatial forms of an object to be protected.
  • the bars 3 "of a protective layer are produced from individual sheet metal strips 50 which have been cut out by means of laser cutting
  • the height of the metal strips 50 corresponds to the length l 1 plus a web width 51 adapted to the design, which determines R1-n depending on the base plate or carrier
  • recesses A were cut out FIG. 11 not shown - non-positively welded together.
  • the sheet metal used for the rods 3 " is steel sheet of a few millimeters in thickness, also high-strength aluminum sheets can be used.For this purpose, a well-known beam processing by means of high-pressure water jet application.
  • the webs take over the function of the plate ( Fig. 1 to Fig. 7 ).
  • This variant allows you to equip a property protection at very short notice.
  • With appropriate dimensioning of the webs (bendable Quetene) and curved surfaces can be occupied by a protective layer without gaps.
  • the after Fig. 11 realized protective coatings are characterized - compared to conventional protective measures - by a relatively low basis weight of 40 kg / m 2 (average).
  • the subject invention can be adapted within wide limits to the threat situation.
  • the materials and technologies used are conventional and can be substituted by new and better materials, including composites.
  • the article can be adapted in an analogous manner to the object to be protected already existing means against the detection by means of electromagnetic radiation or it can be integrated.
  • the subject invention is not limited to projectiles with shaped charges. It can be used against all Geschose whose ignition process is disturbed by an electrically short-circuited or connected to ground, flat connection line. It can be assumed that the nominal ignition energy of an impact fuze on the Initiation of an active charge is necessary and that any remaining partial flows are not sufficient.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The device has a protective layer (1) arranged in matrix form and provided with surface protruding pins protruded above an upper inner surface of the protective layer. A diagonal distance between the pins is smaller than caliber of a projectile and larger than a tip of the projectile. Bars (3) are arranged at an angle to a surface (2), which corresponds to a probable, presumptive flight direction at an object to be protected. The rods are arranged in series on a tiltable support, which is in operative connection with other two tiltable supports.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Objektschutz gegen ungelenkte und/oder im Unterschallbereich fliegende Mittelkalibergeschosse nach den Oberbegriffen der Ansprüche 1 oder 2.The present invention relates to object protection against unguided and / or subsonic mid-caliber projectiles according to the preambles of claims 1 or 2.

Im zweiten Welkrieg wurden erstmals gegen gepanzerte Ziele Geschosse mit Hohlladungen abgefeuert. Dies einerseits von den US-Streitkräften (Bazooka genannte Waffe) und anderseits von Deutschland (Panzerfaust und Panzerschreck genannt). Zur Beschleunigung der Geschosse dienten Treibmittel wie Ladungen und Treibpatronen. Danach entwickelte Russland eine weitverbreitete Waffe, die als RPG (Rocket-Propelled Granade) bezeichnet wird. Diese wird in einer seit 1961 hergestellten Version noch heute, vor allem im Bereich der asymetrischen Kriegsführung als Typ RPG-7, mit verschiedensten Hohlladungen, eingesetzt. Während die frühen Systeme mechanische Aufschlagzünder besassen, sind die neueren mit frontseitigen piezoelektrischen Zündvorrichtungen ausgerüstet und weisen zwischen dem Zündgenerator und der Zündkette flächige, galvanisch leitende Verbindungsleitungen auf. Diese relativ einfachen, meist raketengetriebenen Mittelkalibergeschosse sind weltweit verbreitet und stellen ein gewaltiges Gefahrenpotential dar; sie sind billig zu erstehen, leicht handhabbar und werden in verschiedensten Ausführungsarten gegen stationäre und mobile Objekte, insbesondere gegen leicht gepanzerte Fahrzeuge eingesetzt.In the second world war, projectiles with shaped charges were fired for the first time against armored targets. This on the one hand by the US armed forces (Bazooka called weapon) and on the other hand of Germany (Panzerfaust and Panzerschreck called). Propellants such as cargoes and propellant cartridges were used to accelerate the projectiles. After that, Russia developed a widespread weapon called the RPG (Rocket-Propelled Granade). This is used in a version produced since 1961 still today, especially in the field of asymmetric warfare as a type RPG-7, with a variety of shaped charges. While the early systems had mechanical impact igniters, the newer ones are equipped with front piezoelectric igniters and have planar, electrically conductive interconnections between the igniter and the igniter. These relatively simple, mostly rocket-propelled medium caliber projectiles are distributed worldwide and represent a huge potential for danger; They are cheap to buy, easy to handle and are used in various embodiments against stationary and mobile objects, especially against lightly armored vehicles.

Neben verschiedensten aktiven und passiven Panzerungen wurden bereits 1940 ( DE -A- 688 526 ) auf das zu schützende Objekt massive Stahlstäbe und prismatische Körper aufgesetzt, welche insbesondere Geschosse von Panzerabwehrkanonen ablenken sollten. Eine Weiterentwicklung davon ( DT -A1- 26 01 562 ) verwendete spezielle warmfeste Materialien und auch Panzerplatten mit matrixförmig angeordneten und aus einer Fläche herausragenden massiven Körpern (Fig. 1 und Fig. 2), um die exotherme Wirkung von Sprengladungen vom zu schützenden Objekt fernzuhalten.In addition to various active and passive armor, as early as 1940 ( DE -A- 688 526 ) on the to be protected Object massive steel rods and prismatic bodies put on, which should deflect particular bullets from anti-tank guns. A further development of this ( DT -A1- 26 01 562 ) used special heat-resistant materials and also armor plates with matrix-shaped and protruding from a solid surface bodies ( Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 ) to keep the exothermic effect of explosive charges from the object to be protected.

Aus der DE 198 25 260 A1 ist ein Schutz bekannt geworden, bei dem u.a. stabförmige Störkörper auf einer Platte montiert sind und die Platte ausfahrbar ist. Das Ausfahren der Platte kann durch einen unterhalb der Platte angeordneten Druckraum erfolgen, in den ein Arbeitsgas eingeleitet wird. Hierdurch werden die Störkörper gerade und damit völlig unabhängig von der Flugrichtung der Geschosse ausgefahren.From the DE 198 25 260 A1 a protection has become known in which, inter alia, rod-shaped bluff bodies are mounted on a plate and the plate is extendable. The extension of the plate can be carried out by a pressure chamber arranged below the plate, in which a working gas is introduced. As a result, the bluff body are extended straight and thus completely independent of the direction of flight of the projectiles.

Die vorerwähnten Schutzanordnungen weisen den Nachteil auf, dass diese wohl bis zu einem gewissen Grad die zerstörerische Wirkung durch eine Störung des Hohlladungsstrahls, bei dessen Bildung, d.h. vor seiner Streckung, reduzieren. Die ausgefahrenen Stäbe vermögen jedoch nicht die Initiierung der Sprengladung zu verhindern.The aforesaid protective arrangements have the disadvantage that they are to some extent the destructive effect of disturbance of the shaped charge jet, in its formation, i. before stretching, reduce. However, the extended rods are not able to prevent the initiation of the explosive charge.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Objektschutz zu schaffen, der die Initiierung der Sprengladung möglichst verhindert oder zumindest beeinträchtigt und sollte die Ladung dennoch gezündet werden, deren Wirkung so massiv reduziert, dass das Objekt in seiner Funktion nicht wesentlich gestört ist.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an object protection that prevents the initiation of the explosive charge as possible or at least impaired and the charge should still be ignited, the effect reduced so massively that the object is not significantly disturbed in its function.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass die Stäbe in einem Winkel zur Fläche angeordnet sind, welcher der wahrscheinlichen, präsumptiven Flugrichtung am zu schützenden Objekt entspricht und dass die Stäbe in Reihen auf einem kippbaren Träger angeordnet sind, der in einer Wirkverbindung mit kippbaren Trägern weiterer Reihen ist.This object is achieved in that the rods are arranged at an angle to the surface, which is the probable, corresponds presumptive flight direction to the object to be protected and that the rods are arranged in rows on a tiltable carrier, which is in operative connection with tiltable carriers of further rows.

Die Bedrohungssituation und die wahrscheinliche Flugbahn eines Geschosses zur Ausrichtung der Stäbe wird berücksichtigt, in dem die Stäbe in einem Winkel zur Fläche angeordnet sind, welche der wahrscheinlichen präsumptiven Flugrichtung am zu schützenden Objekt entspricht. Ein einfaches Ausrichten der Stäbe auf die aktuelle Bedrohungslage, insbesondere bei Sehschlitzen von gepanzerten Fahrzeugen, erhöht die Sicherheit gegen einen direkten Beschuss beträchtlich. Dies wird erreicht, indem die Stäbe in Reihen auf einem kippbaren Träger angeordnet sind, der in einer Wirkverbindung mit kippbaren Trägern weiterer Reihen ist. Ein Nachrichten der wenigen erforderlichen Reihen kann automatisch, beispielsweise durch eine Niveauregelung erfolgen. Besonders gefährdet und damit speziell schützenswert sind Ein- und Ausgänge an Fahrzeugen (Lufteinlässe, Auspuffe, Tankstutzen, Personen- und Wartungsverschlüsse wie Türen, Deckel etc.) sowie Sichtfenster für optische und elektronische Geräte.The threat situation and the probable trajectory of a projectile for projecting the bars is taken into account, in which the bars are arranged at an angle to the surface which corresponds to the probable presumptive direction of flight on the object to be protected. Simply aligning the bars to the current threat location, particularly at view slits of armored vehicles, significantly enhances safety against direct fire. This is achieved by arranging the bars in rows on a tiltable carrier which is in operative connection with tiltable carriers of further rows. A message of the few required rows can be done automatically, for example by a level control. Particularly vulnerable and therefore particularly worthy of protection are entrances and exits to vehicles (air intakes, exhausts, filler neck, personal and maintenance closures such as doors, lids, etc.) as well as viewing windows for optical and electronic devices.

Die Art des Antriebs der Reihen liegt im Belieben des Fachmanns und kann mit allgemein bekannten elektromotorischen, pneumatischen oder hydraulischen Antrieben erfolgen.The type of drive of the rows is at the discretion of the skilled person and can be done with well-known electromotive, pneumatic or hydraulic drives.

Die im Patentanspruch erwähnte Fläche kann eben oder eine beliebige Raumfläche sein. Die Halterung der Stäbe oder Stifte kann in der Fläche erfolgen und/oder die Stäbe können dahinter in einer massiven Platte fixiert sein.The surface mentioned in the claim may be flat or any space surface. The support of the rods or pins can be done in the area and / or the rods can be fixed behind it in a solid plate.

Die Merkmale zur Anordnung der Stäbe oder Stifte erlauben dem Geschoss ein partielles Eindringen mit dessen Haube in die Matrix. Dabei wird überraschenderweise die Zündfunktion ummittelbar derart massiv gestört, dass in den meisten Fällen gar keine Initiierung der Ladung erfolgt. Findet in Einzelfällen dennoch eine Zündung statt, so wird bei Präzisionsladungen die optimale Distanz (Stand off) der Hohlladung zum Ziel überschritten, was bekanntlich zu einer beträchtlichen Reduktion von deren Strahlleistung und/oder nur zu einem blossen Abbrand führt. In Verbindung mit konventionellen Schutzmassnahmen (passive und/oder aktive Panzerungen) ist auch in solchen Fällen das Objekt ausreichend geschützt.The characteristics of the arrangement of the rods or pins allow the projectile a partial penetration of the hood into the matrix. Surprisingly, the ignition function is disturbed so massively immediate that in most cases no initiation of the charge takes place. If, in individual cases, an ignition takes place, the optimum distance (stand-off) of the shaped charge to the target is exceeded in the case of precision charges, which, as is known, leads to a considerable reduction of their jet power and / or only to a mere burnup. In conjunction with conventional protective measures (passive and / or active armor), the object is sufficiently protected even in such cases.

Voraussetzung für das Verhindern einer Initierung der Zündung gemäss Anspruch 2 sind Stäbe oder Stifte, die wenigstens in dem vom Geschoss direkt beaufschlagten Teil galvanisch leitend sind.Prerequisite for preventing an initiation of the ignition according to claim 2 are rods or pins, which are galvanically conductive at least in the part directly acted upon by the projectile.

Wesentliche Vorteile gegenüber nur konventionellen Schutzmassnahmen bestehen im relativ geringen Gewicht des Erfindungsgegenstands, seiner einfachen Herstellung, seiner geringen Kosten sowie der Nachrüstbarkeit an bereits vorhandenen Objekten.Significant advantages over only conventional protective measures consist in the relatively low weight of the subject invention, its ease of manufacture, its low cost and retrofitting to existing objects.

In nachfolgenden abhängigen Anprüchen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des Erfindungsgegenstands charakterisiert. Dabei wird der umfassende Begriff Stab verwendet, da der Querschnitt dieser Körper im Verhältnis zu deren Länge relativ klein ist. Ebenfalls trifft für die meisten Ausführungsformen der Begriff Stift (kurzer Stab) zu, weil aus materialtechnischen und Gewichtsgründen die Länge der Stäbe so kurz wie funktionstechnisch sinnvoll gewählt ist.In subsequent dependent claims advantageous developments of the subject invention are characterized. In this case, the comprehensive term rod is used, since the cross-section of these bodies is relatively small in relation to their length. Likewise applies to most embodiments, the term pen (short rod), because of material and weight reasons, the length of the rods is chosen as short as functionally appropriate.

Günstig sind, insbesondere an Fahrzeugen, möglichst zusammenhängende Deckflächen, worunter die Stäbe "versteckt" sind. Wenn die Stäbe 3 an ihrer äusseren Stirnseite durch wenigstens eine flächige und zusammenhängende äussere Schicht abgedeckt sind, wird die Verletzungsgefahr eliminiert und zudem lassen sich dadurch Schmutzablagerungen und Verbiegungen der Stäbe vermeiden.Convenient, especially on vehicles, as contiguous cover surfaces, of which the rods are "hidden". If the bars 3 are covered on their outer face by at least one flat and continuous outer layer, the risk of injury is eliminated and, moreover, dirt deposits and bending of the bars can be avoided.

Werden die Stirnseiten der Stäbe mit stumpfwinkligen Konen versehen, die in scharfen Spitzen enden, oder werden diese Stirnseiten mit einem zentralen scharfkantigen Zapfen versehen, führt dies in vielen Fällen auch bei einem direkten, senkrechten Auftreffen der Geschossspitze auf einen Stab zu einer unmittelbaren Zerstörung des Piezokristalls im Aufschlagzünder. Bei frontseitigen Piezo-Generatoren wird durch eine Zersplitterung des Kristalls die notwendige Zündspannung unterschritten, so dass die Initiierung der Ladung unterbleibt.If the end faces of the rods are provided with obtuse-angled cones which terminate in sharp points, or if these end faces are provided with a central sharp-edged pin, in many cases this results in direct destruction of the piezocrystal, even if the projectile tip strikes the rod directly on a rod in the impact fuze. In the case of front-side piezo generators, fragmentation of the crystal means that the necessary ignition voltage is undershot, so that the initiation of the charge does not occur.

Besonders einfach lassen sich die Stäbe in einer massiven Platte befestigen, aus der sie herausragen.The rods are particularly easy to fix in a solid plate, from which they protrude.

Eine massive Platte lässt sich sehr einfach mit Stäben ausrüsten und hat zudem noch den Vorteil, dass sie ein wirksamer Schutz gegen Kleinkalibermunition ist.A massive plate is very easy to equip with rods and also has the advantage that it is an effective protection against small-caliber ammunition.

Wirtschaftlich günstig und auch temporär einsetzbar ist ein Schutz mit Stäben, die aus den Knoten eines Stahlnetzes herausragen.Economically favorable and also temporarily usable is a protection with bars, which protrude from the knots of a steel net.

Mittels Strahlbearbeitung (Laser, Wasserstrahl etc.) lassen sich sehr leichte und kostengünstige Schutzschichten aus Flachmaterial (Blech) herstellen, die auch integrierbar in verschiedenste System sind.By means of jet processing (laser, water jet, etc.), very light and cost-effective protective layers can be left out Produce flat material (sheet), which can also be integrated into a variety of systems.

Nachfolgend werden an Hand von Zeichnungen Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt und beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
das Prinzip zur Verhinderung der Initiierung einer Hohlladung mittels einer Schutzschicht, wobei als Variante ein nur in einem Endbereich galvanisch leitender Stab vorhanden ist,
Fig. 2
eine Haube eines Geschosses beim Auftreffen auf eine Schutzschicht,
Fig. 3
eine weitere Darstellung eines schräg fliegenden Geschosses beim Auftreffen auf eine Schutzschicht,
Fig. 4a
ein Stab einer Schutzschicht mit konischer Spitze,
Fig. 4b
ein Stab einer Schutzschicht mit scharfkantigem Zapfen,
Fig. 5
eine modulare Grundplatte mit geneigt angeordneten Stäben,
Fig. 6
eine modulare Schutzschicht mit interner Knautschschicht und äusserer Verkleidung,
Fig. 7
eine Variante einer Schutzschicht mit äusserer Vekleidung,
Fig. 8
das Prinzip einer durchsehbaren und verstellbaren Schutzschicht vor der Frontscheibe eines gepanzerten Fahrzeugs,
Fig. 9
einen Schützenpanzer mit modularen und speziellen Schutzschichten, auch für Sensoren und Ein- und Auslässe,
Fig. 10
eine Schutzschicht bestehend aus einem Stahlnetz mit in den Knoten des Netzes eingesetzten Stäben sowie
Fig. 11
eine Schutzschicht in Leichtbauweise hergestellt aus Blechstreifen, die mittels Strahlbearbeitung ausgeschnitten sind.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be illustrated and described with reference to drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
the principle for preventing the initiation of a hollow charge by means of a protective layer, wherein as a variant only in one end region galvanically conductive rod is present,
Fig. 2
a hood of a projectile when hitting a protective layer,
Fig. 3
a further illustration of an obliquely flying projectile when hitting a protective layer,
Fig. 4a
a rod of a protective layer with conical tip,
Fig. 4b
a rod of a protective layer with sharp-edged pin,
Fig. 5
a modular base plate with inclined rods,
Fig. 6
a modular protective layer with internal crumple layer and outer cladding,
Fig. 7
a variant of a protective layer with outer clothing,
Fig. 8
the principle of a visible and adjustable protective layer in front of the windshield of an armored vehicle,
Fig. 9
an armored infantry fighting vehicle with modular and special protective layers, also for sensors and inlets and outlets,
Fig. 10
a protective layer consisting of a steel net with rods inserted into the nodes of the net as well
Fig. 11
a protective layer in lightweight construction made of metal strips, which are cut out by means of blasting.

In sämtlichen Figuren sind gleiche Funktionselemente mit gleichen Bezugsziffern versehen.In all figures, the same functional elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

In Figur 1 ist mit 1 eine Schutzschicht bezeichnet. In einer Grundplatte 2 sind matrixartig Stäbe 3 eingesetzt und rückseitig mit Flanschen 4 auf der Grundplatte 2 fixiert. Die Stäbe 3 überragen eine innere Fläche 2' um eine Länge l1. Ein auf ein zu schützendes Objekt O auftreffendes Geschoss 100 in Flugrichtung F dringt mit seinem Aufschlagzünder 102 zwischen die Stäbe 3 ein. Eine dünnwandige Doppel-Haube 101 des Geschosses 100 wird dabei durchlöchert und durch die Endbereiche 3b der Stäbe 3 elektrisch kurz geschlossen, so dass der frontseitige Aufschlagszünder 102 mit seinem Piezo-Sensor nicht mehr wirksam werden kann. Die Doppel-Haube 101 ist, physikalisch betrachtet, eine flächenförmige Zweidraht-Leitung für die Zündenergie. Sie verbindet den Aufschlagzünder 102 in notorisch bekannter Weise mit einer die Hohlladung beschleunigenden Zündkette (nicht dargestellt). Der diagonale Abstand a zwischen den Stäben 3, 3a, 3b einer Matrix aus mehreren Stäben 3 ist im Maximum kleiner als das Kaliber K des Wirk-Geschosses. In jedem Fall wird dadurch die Doppel-Haube 101 "aufgespiesst" und kurzgeschlossen, zumindest aber zusammengedrückt; siehe Teilschnitt-Darstellung in Fig. 1. Die gesamte Länge l0 der Haube 101, gemessen von der Spitze des Aufschlagzünders 102 bis zum grössten Durchmesser einer Auskleidung 104 einer Hohlladung 103 ist kürzer als die freie Länge l1 der Stäbe 3. Damit ist gewährleistet, dass eine in die Schutzschicht 1 eingedrungene Haube 101 beschädigt ist, bevor der Aufschlagzünder 102 aktiviert sein kann. Die Spitzen 3' der Stäbe 3 sind scharfkantig ausgebildet und bestehen aus gehärtetem Stahl und/oder weisen eine galvanisch leitende Beschichtung auf.In FIG. 1 1 is a protective layer. In a base plate 2 rods 3 are used in a matrix-like manner and are fixed on the back side with flanges 4 on the base plate 2. The rods 3 project beyond an inner surface 2 'by a length l 1 . A bullet 100 in the direction of flight F impinging on an object O to be protected penetrates with its impact fuze 102 between the rods 3. A thin-walled double hood 101 of the projectile 100 is thereby perforated and electrically short-circuited by the end portions 3b of the rods 3, so that the front-side impact fuse 102 with its piezo sensor can no longer be effective. The double hood 101 is, physically considered, a two-wire planar line for the ignition energy. It combines the impact fuze 102 in notoriously known Way with a hollow charge accelerating ignition chain (not shown). The diagonal distance a between the bars 3, 3a, 3b of a matrix of a plurality of bars 3 is at a maximum smaller than the caliber K of the active projectile. In any case, the double hood 101 is thereby "impaled" and short-circuited, but at least compressed; see partial section illustration in Fig. 1 , The entire length l 0 of the hood 101, measured from the tip of the Aufschlagzünders 102 to the largest diameter of a lining 104 of a shaped charge 103 is shorter than the free length l 1 of the rods 3. This ensures that a penetrated into the protective layer 1 hood 101 is damaged before the impact fuze 102 can be activated. The tips 3 'of the rods 3 are sharp-edged and made of hardened steel and / or have a galvanically conductive coating.

Versuche mit raketengetriebenen Hohlladungen mit einer Auftreffgeschwindigkeit von 300 m/s auf der Schutzschicht 1 haben ergeben, dass die Initiierung der Hohlladung mit nahezu 100% -iger Wahrscheinlichkeit verhindert wird, dies wenn die Flugrichtung F parallel zu den Stäben 3 ist. Die Versuche erfolgten mit Geschossen mit einem Kaliber von 85 mm und mit einer Matrix mit Stäben 3 von 6,5 mm Durchmesser aus hochfestem Stahl mit gehärteten Spitzen 3'. Die maximalen Abstände a zwischen den Stäben 3 (in der Diagonale der Matrix gemessen) betrugen 50 mm, deren Länge l1 war mit 140 mm festgelegt.Experiments with rocket-driven shaped charges with an impact velocity of 300 m / s on the protective layer 1 have shown that the initiation of the shaped charge is prevented with almost 100% probability, when the direction of flight F is parallel to the rods 3. The experiments were carried out with 85 mm caliber bullets and with a matrix of 6.5 mm diameter 3 "high-strength steel rods with hardened tips 3 '. The maximum distances a between the bars 3 (measured in the diagonal of the matrix) were 50 mm, whose length l 1 was set at 140 mm.

Fig. 2 zeigt den ungünstigen Fall eines schräg auf die Stäbe 3 auftreffenden Geschosses, wobei nur dessen Haube 101 und der Aufschlagzünder 102 gezeichnet sind. In diesem Fall kann der Piezo-Generator aktiviert sein, bevor die Haube 101 durchstossen ist, so dass sich weitere Schutzmassnahmen in der Schutzschicht 1 aufdrängen. Fig. 2 shows the unfavorable case of an obliquely striking the bars 3 projectile, with only the hood 101 and the impact fuze 102 are drawn. In this case, the piezo generator may be activated before the hood 101 is pierced, so that further protective measures in the protective layer 1 imposing.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine ähnliche Situation, wobei aber hier die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer Zündung der Hohlladung bereits wesentlich kleiner ist, da ein Stab 3 die Haube 101 vor einer Berührung des Aufschlagszünders 102 mit einem weiteren Stab bereits durchstossen und kurzgeschlossen hat. Fig. 3 shows a similar situation, but here the probability of ignition of the shaped charge is already much smaller, since a rod 3 has already pierced the hood 101 before touching the Aufschlagzünders 102 with another rod and shorted.

Fig. 4a und 4b zeigen Massnahmen zur Verbesserung der Schutzwirkung. Es hat sich nämlich gezeigt, dass direkt frontal auf die Spitzen 3' der Stäbe 3 auftreffende piezoelektrische Aufschlagzünder oft völlig zerstört werden, bevor sie eine ausreichend hohe Zündspannung generieren. Voraussetzung für eine solche Zerstörung sind extrem hohe Flächenpressungen, d.h. Impulse wie sie durch einen stumpfen Konus 5 mit einer scharfkantigen Spitze 6 (Fig. 4a) oder durch einen scharfkantigen Zapfen 7 von 1 bis 2 mm Durchmesser (Fig. 4b) erzielt werden. Fig. 4a and 4b show measures to improve the protective effect. It has been shown that piezoelectric impact detonators directly striking the tips 3 'of the bars 3 directly on the front are often completely destroyed before they generate a sufficiently high ignition voltage. The prerequisite for such a destruction are extremely high surface pressures, ie pulses such as those caused by a blunt cone 5 with a sharp-edged tip 6 (FIG. Fig. 4a ) or by a sharp-edged pin 7 of 1 to 2 mm in diameter ( Fig. 4b ) be achieved.

Ausgehend von der Erkenntnis aus den Fig. 2 und 3 sind gemäss Fig. 5 die Stäbe 3 unter einem Neigungswinkel α in die Grundplatte 2 eingesetzt, wobei hier eine fiktive Flugrichtung Ff angenommen wurde, welche der Bedrohungslage entspricht. Die innere Fläche der Grundplatte 2 ist wiederum mit 2' bezeichnet. Dies erlaubt, wie Fig. 5 zeigt, auch Schrägflächen optimal zu schützen.Based on the knowledge from the FIGS. 2 and 3 are according to Fig. 5 the rods 3 at an inclination angle α inserted into the base plate 2, in which case a fictitious flight direction F f was assumed, which corresponds to the threat situation. The inner surface of the base plate 2 is again denoted by 2 '. This allows, like Fig. 5 shows, also optimally protect inclined surfaces.

Fig. 6 zeigt eine Schutzschicht 1 mit einer inneren Knautschschicht 8 aus einem gewellten Lochblech aus Stahl, welches kinetische Energie aufnehmen kann, falls das Geschoss schräg eindringt und/oder dessen Ladung gezündet wird. In diesem Fall ist auch dann die Wirkung eines Hohlladungsstrahls reduziert, weil der optimale Abstand zum Ziel, d.i. das zu schützende Objekt O, vom 2 bis 3 -fachen des Kalibers (Stand off) überschritten wird. Damit die wirksame Länge l1 (vgl. Fig. 1) der Stäbe 3 nicht unterschritten wird, ist die höchste Lage der Fläche 2', d.h. die "Wellenberge" der Schicht 8 als Messbasis gewählt. Zur Verhinderung von unbeabsichtigten Verletzungen sowie von Verschmutzungen und vor dem Verfangen mit irgend welchen Gegenständen (Ästen etc.) sind die Stäbe 3 durch einen Leichtschaumstoff 9 (handelsüblicher Polymer) abgedeckt. Seitlich befinden sich Abdeckungen 10 aus dünnwandigen Aluminiumplatten. Fig. 6 shows a protective layer 1 with an inner crush layer 8 made of a corrugated perforated steel sheet, which can absorb kinetic energy if the projectile obliquely penetrates and / or its charge is ignited. In this case, even then, the effect of a shaped charge jet reduced, because the optimal distance to the target, ie the object to be protected O, is exceeded by 2 to 3 times the caliber (stand off). So that the effective length l 1 (see. Fig. 1 ) of the bars 3 is not exceeded, the highest position of the surface 2 ', ie the "wave peaks" of the layer 8 is selected as a measurement basis. To prevent accidental injury and contamination and before getting caught with any objects (branches, etc.), the bars 3 are covered by a lightweight foam 9 (commercially available polymer). Covers 10 are made of thin-walled aluminum plates on the side.

Analog ist der Gegenstand nach Fig. 7 aufgebaut, wobei hier die Knautschschicht 8 aus einer Verbundplatte aus Metall und Kunststoffen besteht. Wiederum ist hier die Messbasis, die Fläche 2', für die Länge l1 der Stäbe 3 vorgemerkt. Im Gegensatz zu Fig. 6 erfolgt hier eine allseitige Abdeckung der modularen Schutzschicht 1 mit UV-beständigen Kunststoffplatten.Analogously, the object is after Fig. 7 constructed, here the crush layer 8 consists of a composite plate of metal and plastics. Again, the measuring base, the surface 2 ', for the length l 1 of the rods 3 is marked here. In contrast to Fig. 6 here is an all-round coverage of the modular protective layer 1 with UV-resistant plastic plates.

Aus Fig. 8 sind an einem gepanzerten Fahrzeug 110 die Frontscheiben mit einer Schutzschicht 1 versehen, welche durchsehbar und verstellbar ist. Die in Reihen R1 bis Rn, in seitlichen Lagern 13' kippbar angeordneten Stäbe 3 lassen sich durch einen Antrieb 13 mit Gelenkverbindungen 12 auf die aktuelle Bedrohungslage einstellen. Der Antrieb 13 ist in einen an sich bekannten Dachschutz 16 eingebaut und daher gestrichelt eingezeichnet.Out Fig. 8 are on an armored vehicle 110, the windscreens with a protective layer 1, which is transparent and adjustable. The rods 3 which can be tilted in rows R1 to Rn and in lateral bearings 13 'can be adjusted to the current threat situation by means of a drive 13 with articulated connections 12. The drive 13 is installed in a known roof protection 16 and therefore shown in dashed lines.

Selbstverständlich kann eine analoge Anordnung auch bei den auf der Zeichnung nicht geschützten Seitenfenstern vorgesehen werden.Of course, an analog arrangement can also be provided in the not protected on the drawing side windows.

In der Darstellung Fig. 1 ist eine besonders, gewichtssparenden Weiterentwicklung eingezeichnet. Ein Stabe 3a besteht aus einem starren Verbundstoff mit Kohlefasern hergestellt. Zur Verbesserung der Leitfähigkeit ist dieser an seiner der Bedrohung zugewandten Oberfläche 3a zu einem Drittel der gesamten l1 Länge metallisiert und tragen metallische Spitzen 3'. Als galvanisch leitende Schicht bietet sich eine möglichst harte Beschichtung m an, die im vorliegenden Fall wahlweise aus Titancarbonitrid (TiCN) oder Titannitrid (TiN) besteht. Die Farbe der Beschichtung ist nach der Tarnfarbe des Objekts gewählt. Ein weiterer Vorteil dieser Ausführungsform besteht im geringen "Radarquerschnitt", d.h. sie trägt wenig zur Radarerkennung bei und beeinträchtigt die übrigen Mittel zur "Camouflage" nicht. Stäbe in dieser Ausführungsform sind hauptsächlich für bewegliche Schutzschichten, analog Fig. 8 vorgesehen.In the presentation Fig. 1 is a particularly, weight-saving development drawn. A rod 3a is made of a rigid composite with carbon fibers. To improve the conductivity of this is metallized at its threat facing surface 3a to one third of the total l 1 length and wear metallic tips 3 '. The most hardcoat possible is a galvanically conductive layer m, which optionally consists of titanium carbonitride (TiCN) or titanium nitride (TiN) in the present case. The color of the coating is chosen according to the camouflage color of the object. Another advantage of this embodiment is the small "Radarquerschnitt", ie it contributes little to the radar detection and does not affect the other means for "camouflage". Rods in this embodiment are mainly for movable protective layers, analog Fig. 8 intended.

Ein bewaffnetes Kettenfahrzeug, Fig. 9, ein Schützenpanzer 111 für einen geschützten Truppentransport, ist mit modularen Schutzschichten 1 gemäss Fig. 7 ausgerüstet. Zusätzlich sind die beiden, beweglichen optischen Sensoren 112 (steuerbare Wärmebild-Kameras) durch angepasste seitliche Abdeckungen 10 (Schutzschichten), mit integrierten Stäben 3, vor einem direkten Beschuss geschützt. Aus zeichnerischen Gründen ist hier die ebenfalls vorhandene Leichtschaumstoffschicht, vgl. Fig. 6 und 7 nicht dargestelt.An armed tracked vehicle, Fig. 9 , an armored infantry fighting vehicle 111 for a protected troop transport, is provided with modular protective layers 1 according to FIG Fig. 7 equipped. In addition, the two movable optical sensors 112 (controllable thermal imaging cameras) are protected against direct bombardment by adapted side covers 10 (protective layers), with integrated rods 3. For illustrative reasons here is also the existing lightweight foam layer, see. Fig. 6 and 7 not shown.

Derartige Schutzschichten 10 empfehlen sich für sämtliche Ein- und Ausgänge, wie beispielsweise auch für Lufteintritte und Auspufföffnungen an Fahrzeugen oder stationären Anlagen. Beispielhaft sind hier am Schützenpanzer 111 seitliche Lufteinlässe 17 mit Stäben 3 versehen und damit geschützt.Such protective layers 10 are recommended for all inputs and outputs, such as for air inlets and exhaust openings on vehicles or stationary systems. By way of example, here on the armored infantry vehicle 111, side air intakes 17 are provided with rods 3 and thus protected.

Eine weitere Variante einer Schutzschicht 1' besteht aus einem an sich bekannten Stahlnetz Fig. 10, in dessen Knoten 14 Stäbe 3 eingesetzt sind. Die Stäbe 3 sind mittels jeweils einem Knotenblech 15 vor Verdrehungen geschützt. Wiederum ist hier die Messbasis für die Länge der Stäbe 3 die Fläche 2', welche der maximalen Höhe der Knotenbleche 15 entspricht. Nicht dargestellt sind Schweissstellen an den Knotenblechen 15, die den Stäben 3 die notwendige Stabilität vermitteln. Die Knotenbeleche 15 übernehmen zusammen mit den Maschen des Netzes 2a die Funktion einer Platte 2, 2ʹ; vgl. Fig. 1 bis Fig. 7. Im Gegensatz zu einer Platte lässt sich jedoch ein Netz 2a leicht an die Raumformen eines zu schützenden Objekts anpassen.Another variant of a protective layer 1 'consists of a steel net known per se Fig. 10 , in whose node 14 rods 3 are used. The rods 3 are protected by means of a respective gusset plate 15 from twisting. Again, here is the measurement base for the length of the bars 3, the surface 2 ', which corresponds to the maximum height of the gusset plates 15. Welding points are not shown on the gusset plates 15, which give the rods 3 the necessary stability. The node lobes 15 take over together with the meshes of the network 2a, the function of a plate 2, 2 '; see. Fig. 1 to Fig. 7 , In contrast to a plate, however, a net 2a can easily be adapted to the spatial forms of an object to be protected.

Neben der Gewichts- und Kosteneinsparung können mit dieser Ausführungsform wirkungsvoll und in kürzester Zeit gefährdete Objekte wie Eingänge, Fenster, Schächte u. dgl. vor Angriffen geschützt werden.In addition to the weight and cost savings can be with this embodiment effectively and in no time at risk endangered objects such as entrances, windows, shafts u. Like. Protected against attacks.

In einer Leichtbauversion nach Fig. 11 sind die Stäbe 3" einer Schutzschicht aus einzelnen Blechstreifen 50 hergestellt, welche mittels Strahlbearbeitung (Laser) ausgeschnitten wurden. Die Höhe der Blechstreifen 50 entspricht der Länge l1 plus einer der Konstruktion angepassten Stegbreite 51, welche je nach Grundplatte oder Träger R1-n bestimmt ist. Zur Gewichtsreduktion wurden Ausnehmungen A ausgeschnitten. Die formschlüssig zusammengepassten Teile sind - in Figur 11 nicht dargestellt - kraftschlüssig miteinander verschweisst. Das verwendete Blech für die Stäbe 3" ist Stahlblech von einigen Millimetern Dicke, ebenfalls können hochfeste Aluminiumbleche Verwendung finden. Hierzu findet eine an sich ebenfalls bekannte Strahlbearbeitung mittels Hochdruck-Wasserstrahl Anwendung.In a lightweight version after Fig. 11 the bars 3 "of a protective layer are produced from individual sheet metal strips 50 which have been cut out by means of laser cutting The height of the metal strips 50 corresponds to the length l 1 plus a web width 51 adapted to the design, which determines R1-n depending on the base plate or carrier To reduce weight, recesses A were cut out FIG. 11 not shown - non-positively welded together. The sheet metal used for the rods 3 "is steel sheet of a few millimeters in thickness, also high-strength aluminum sheets can be used.For this purpose, a well-known beam processing by means of high-pressure water jet application.

Hier übernehmen die Stege die Funktion der Platte (Fig. 1 bis Fig. 7). Diese Variante erlaubt ebefalls sehr kurzfristig einen Objektschutz nach zu rüsten. Bei entsprechender Dimensionierung der Stege (biegbare Queschnitte) können auch gewölbte Flächen durch eine Schutzschicht lückenlos belegt werden.Here, the webs take over the function of the plate ( Fig. 1 to Fig. 7 ). This variant allows you to equip a property protection at very short notice. With appropriate dimensioning of the webs (bendable Queschnitte) and curved surfaces can be occupied by a protective layer without gaps.

Die nach Fig. 11 realisierten Schutzschichten zeichnen sich - gegenüber konventionellen Schutzmassnahmen - durch ein relativ geringes Flächengewicht von 40 kg/m2 (Mittelwert) aus. Der Erfindungsgegenstand lässt sich in weiten Grenzen an die Bedrohungslage anpassen. Die verwendeten Materialien und Technologien sind konventionell und können auch laufend durch neue und bessere Werkstoffe, u.a. Verbundmaterialien, substituiert werden. Ebenfalls lässt sich der Gegenstand in analoger Weise an am zu schützenden Objekt bereits vorhandene Mittel gegen die Detektion mittels elekromagnetischer Strahlung anpassen bzw. es lassen sich solche integrieren.The after Fig. 11 realized protective coatings are characterized - compared to conventional protective measures - by a relatively low basis weight of 40 kg / m 2 (average). The subject invention can be adapted within wide limits to the threat situation. The materials and technologies used are conventional and can be substituted by new and better materials, including composites. Likewise, the article can be adapted in an analogous manner to the object to be protected already existing means against the detection by means of electromagnetic radiation or it can be integrated.

Zu allen Ausführungsbeispielen empfiehlt es sich die Stäbe und Metallteile 3,3b,3";R1-n mit der Masse (Erdung) zu verbinden, damit alle bei der Aktivierung der Zündvorrichtung vorhandene Potentiale sicher abgeleitet werden, bevor sie die Zündkette erreichen können.For all embodiments, it is advisable to connect the rods and metal parts 3, 3b, 3 ", R1-n to ground (ground) so that all potentials present upon activation of the ignition device are reliably dissipated before they can reach the ignition chain.

Der Erfindungsgegenstand ist nicht auf Geschosse mit Hohlladungen beschränkt. Er kann gegen alle Geschose eingesetzt werden, deren Zündvorgang durch eine elektrisch kurz geschlossene oder mit Masse verbundene, flächige Verbindungsleitung gestört ist. Dabei kann davon ausgegangen werden, dass die nominale Zündenergie eines Aufschlagzünders zur Initiierung einer Wirkladung notwendig ist und dass eventuell noch vorhanden Teilströme hierzu nicht genügen.The subject invention is not limited to projectiles with shaped charges. It can be used against all Geschose whose ignition process is disturbed by an electrically short-circuited or connected to ground, flat connection line. It can be assumed that the nominal ignition energy of an impact fuze on the Initiation of an active charge is necessary and that any remaining partial flows are not sufficient.

Bezeichnungslistename list

11
Schutzschichtprotective layer
1'1'
StahlnetzStahlnetz
1a1a
Schutzschicht für Ein- und AusgängeProtective layer for inputs and outputs
22
Grundplattebaseplate
2a2a
Netz (Maschen)Net (mesh)
2'2 '
innere Flächeinner surface
33
Stab (Rundstab aus Stahl)Rod (steel rod)
3a3a
Stab (aus Kohlefasern gewickelt)Rod (made of carbon fibers)
3b3b
freier Endbereich von 3free end of 3
3'3 '
Stirnseiten von 3End faces of 3
3"3 '
Stab (Flachstab)Staff (flat bar)
44
Flanschflange
55
Konuscone
66
Spitze (scharf)Tip (sharp)
77
scharkantiger Zapfensharp-edged cones
88th
KnautschschichtKnautschschicht
99
Leichtschaumstoff (Polymerschicht)Lightweight foam (polymer layer)
1010
seitliche Abdeckungen / Schutzschichtenside covers / protective layers
1111
Verbundplattesandwich panel
1212
Gelenkverbindungarticulation
1313
Antrieb für 12Drive for 12
13'13 '
seitliche Lagerlateral bearings
1414
Knotennode
1515
Knotenblech (Verstrebung)Gusset plate (bracing)
1616
Dachschutzroof protection
1717
seitliche Lufteinlässelateral air intakes
5050
Blechstreifenmetal strip
5151
Stegbreiteweb width
100100
Geschossbullet
101101
HaubeHood
102102
Aufschlagzünder mit Piezo-Generator oder Piezo-SensorImpact fuse with piezo generator or piezo sensor
103103
Hohlladungshaped charge
104104
Auskleidung (Liner)Lining (liner)
110110
gepanzertes Fahrzeugarmored vehicle
111111
SchützenpanzerSchützenpanzer
112112
Optische Sensoren/ KamerasOptical sensors / cameras
AA
Ausnehmungenrecesses
aa
grösster Abstand zwischen zwei Stäbenlargest distance between two bars
αα
Neigungswinkel Stäbe / GrundplatteTilt angle bars / base plate
FF
Flugrichtung Geschoss (am Ziel)Flight direction projectile (at the finish)
Ff F f
fiktive Flugrichtung (Bedrohung)fictitious flight direction (threat)
KK
Kaliber des GeschossesCaliber of the projectile
l0 l 0
Länge von HaubeLength of hood
l1 1
Länge Stab (ab 2' gemessen)Length rod (measured from 2 ')
mm
metallische Beschichtungmetallic coating
OO
zu schützendes Objektobject to be protected
R1-RnR1-Rn
Träger für Reihen von 3Carrier for rows of 3

Claims (8)

Objektschutz gegen ungelenkte und/oder im Unterschallbereich fliegende Mittelkalibergeschosse mit elektrischen Aufschlagzündern, umfassend eine Schutzschicht mit matrixförmig angeordneten, aus einer Fläche herausragenden Stiften, wobei die Stifte über eine obere innere Fläche der Schutzschicht herausragen und der diagonale Abstand (a) zwischen den Stiften kleiner als das Kaliber (K) des Geschosses (100) und grösser als die Spitze des Geschosses ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stäbe (3) in einem Winkel (α) zur Fläche (2') angeordnet sind, welcher der wahrscheinlichen, präsumptiven Flugrichtung am zu schützenden Objekt entspricht und dass die Stäbe (3) in Reihen auf einem kippbaren Träger (R1) angeordnet sind, der in einer Wirkverbindung mit kippbaren Trägern (R2-Rn) weiterer Reihen ist.Object protection against unguided and / or subsonic mid-caliber projectiles with electric impact igniters, comprising a protective layer of matrix-shaped pins protruding from a surface, the pins projecting beyond an upper inner surface of the protective layer and the diagonal distance (a) between the pins being less than the caliber (K) of the projectile (100) and greater than the top of the projectile, characterized in that the bars (3) are arranged at an angle (α) to the surface (2 ') which indicates the probable, presumptive direction of flight at object to be protected and that the bars (3) are arranged in rows on a tiltable carrier (R 1 ) which is in operative connection with tiltable beams (R2-Rn) of further rows. Objektschutz gegen ungelenkte und/oder im Unterschallbereich fliegende Mittelkalibergeschosse mit frontseitig axial angeordneten elektrischen Aufschlagzündern mit flächenförmigen Verbindungsleitungen zur Zündkette, wobei das zu schützende Objekt eine Schutzschicht mit matrixförmig angeordneten, aus einer Fläche herausragenden metallischen Körpern aufweist und die metallischen Körper Stäbe oder Stifte (3, 3") sind, wobei zumindest deren Oberflächen (m) in dem vom zu schützenden Objekt abgewandten Endbereich (3b) galvanisch leitend sind, diese Stäbe oder Stifte über eine obere innere Fläche (2') der Schutzschicht (1) herausragen und der diagonale Abstand (a) zwischen den Stäben (3) kleiner als das Kaliber (K) des WirkGeschosses (100) und grösser als die Spitze (102) des Geschosses (100) ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stäbe (3) in einem Winkel (α) zur Fläche (2') angeordnet sind, welcher der wahrscheinlichen, präsumptiven Flugrichtung am zu schützenden Objekt entspricht und dass die Stäbe (3) in Reihen auf einem kippbaren Träger (R1) angeordnet sind, der in einer Wirkverbindung mit kippbaren Trägern (R2-Rn) weiterer Reihen ist.Object protection against unguided and / or subsonic mid-caliber projectiles with axially arranged electrical impact igniters with surface-shaped connection lines to the firing chain, wherein the object to be protected has a protective layer with matrix-shaped, protruding from a surface metallic bodies and the metallic body rods or pins (3, 3 "), wherein at least their surfaces (m) are electrically conductive in the end region (3b) facing away from the object to be protected, these rods or pins project beyond an upper inner surface (2 ') of the protective layer (1) and the diagonal distance (a) between the rods (3) is smaller than the caliber (K) of the active layer (100) and greater than the tip ( 102) of the projectile (100), characterized in that the bars (3) are arranged at an angle (α) to the surface (2 ') corresponding to the probable, presumptive direction of flight on the object to be protected and that the bars (3 ) are arranged in rows on a tiltable carrier (R1) which is in operative connection with tiltable carriers (R2-Rn) of further rows. Schutzschicht nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Reihen automatisch durch eine Niveauregelung einstellbar sind.Protective layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the rows are automatically adjustable by a level control. Schutzschicht nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stäbe (3) an ihrer äusseren Stirnseite (3') durch wenigstens eine flächige und zusammenhängende äussere Schicht (9;10) abgedeckt sind.Protective layer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rods (3) are covered on their outer end side (3 ') by at least one flat and continuous outer layer (9; 10). Schutzschicht nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stirnseiten (3') der Stäbe (3) stumpfwinklige Konen (5) aufweisen, die in scharfen Spitzen (6) enden.Protective layer according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the end faces (3 ') of the bars (3) have obtuse-angled cones (5) which terminate in sharp points (6). Schutzschicht nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stirnseiten (3') der Stäbe (3) abgesetzt sind und einen zentralen scharfkantigen Zapfen (7) aufweisen.Protective layer according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the end faces (3 ') of the rods (3) are discontinued and have a central sharp-edged pin (7). Schutzschicht nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 oder 5 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stäbe (3) aus einer massiven Platte (2) herausragen.Protective layer according to one of claims 1 to 4 or 5 to 6, characterized in that the rods (3) protrude from a solid plate (2). Schutzschicht nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 oder 5 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stäbe (3) aus den Knoten (14;15) eines Stahlnetzes (1') herausragen.Protective layer according to one of claims 1 to 4 or 5 to 6, characterized in that the bars (3) protrude from the nodes (14; 15) of a steel net (1 ').
EP12000855.2A 2008-12-29 2009-12-19 Protection of an object from hollow charges Active EP2455701B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12000855.2A EP2455701B1 (en) 2008-12-29 2009-12-19 Protection of an object from hollow charges

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08405315A EP2202478A1 (en) 2008-12-29 2008-12-29 Protection of objects from hollow charges and manufacturing method therefor
EP12000855.2A EP2455701B1 (en) 2008-12-29 2009-12-19 Protection of an object from hollow charges
EP09775088A EP2382437B1 (en) 2008-12-29 2009-12-19 Object protection from hollow charges and method for the production thereof

Related Parent Applications (1)

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EP09775088.9 Division 2009-12-19

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EP2455701A1 true EP2455701A1 (en) 2012-05-23
EP2455701B1 EP2455701B1 (en) 2013-09-04

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EP08405315A Withdrawn EP2202478A1 (en) 2008-12-29 2008-12-29 Protection of objects from hollow charges and manufacturing method therefor
EP12000856.0A Active EP2455702B1 (en) 2008-12-29 2009-12-19 Protection of an object from hollow charges
EP12000855.2A Active EP2455701B1 (en) 2008-12-29 2009-12-19 Protection of an object from hollow charges
EP09775088A Active EP2382437B1 (en) 2008-12-29 2009-12-19 Object protection from hollow charges and method for the production thereof
EP12000857.8A Active EP2455703B1 (en) 2008-12-29 2009-12-19 Protection of an object from hollow charges

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EP08405315A Withdrawn EP2202478A1 (en) 2008-12-29 2008-12-29 Protection of objects from hollow charges and manufacturing method therefor
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EP09775088A Active EP2382437B1 (en) 2008-12-29 2009-12-19 Object protection from hollow charges and method for the production thereof
EP12000857.8A Active EP2455703B1 (en) 2008-12-29 2009-12-19 Protection of an object from hollow charges

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US (3) US8578833B2 (en)
EP (5) EP2202478A1 (en)
AU (1) AU2009335617A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2747532C (en)
DK (1) DK2382437T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2406759T3 (en)
HR (1) HRP20130435T1 (en)
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WO (1) WO2010075637A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2382437B1 (en) 2013-02-20
US20110252955A1 (en) 2011-10-20
US9074851B2 (en) 2015-07-07
EP2202478A1 (en) 2010-06-30
EP2455702B1 (en) 2014-12-31
DK2382437T3 (en) 2013-05-27
US20140041190A1 (en) 2014-02-13
EP2455702A1 (en) 2012-05-23
EP2455703B1 (en) 2014-08-13
CA2747532A1 (en) 2010-07-08
HRP20130435T1 (en) 2013-06-30
US20140190342A1 (en) 2014-07-10
ES2406759T3 (en) 2013-06-10
US8578833B2 (en) 2013-11-12
EP2382437A1 (en) 2011-11-02
CA2747532C (en) 2017-07-11
AU2009335617A1 (en) 2011-07-21
EP2455701B1 (en) 2013-09-04
EP2455703A1 (en) 2012-05-23
PL2382437T3 (en) 2013-07-31
WO2010075637A1 (en) 2010-07-08
US8701541B2 (en) 2014-04-22

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