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EP2451896A1 - Procédé de séparation du carbone par traitement thermique - Google Patents

Procédé de séparation du carbone par traitement thermique

Info

Publication number
EP2451896A1
EP2451896A1 EP10796778A EP10796778A EP2451896A1 EP 2451896 A1 EP2451896 A1 EP 2451896A1 EP 10796778 A EP10796778 A EP 10796778A EP 10796778 A EP10796778 A EP 10796778A EP 2451896 A1 EP2451896 A1 EP 2451896A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arrangement
gas
process space
conveyor
matter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10796778A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sampo Tukiainen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Preseco Oy
Original Assignee
Preseco Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Preseco Oy filed Critical Preseco Oy
Publication of EP2451896A1 publication Critical patent/EP2451896A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
    • C10B47/28—Other processes
    • C10B47/32—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means
    • C10B47/44—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means with conveyor-screws
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
    • F23G2201/303—Burning pyrogases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/80—Furnaces with other means for moving the waste through the combustion zone
    • F23G2203/801—Furnaces with other means for moving the waste through the combustion zone using conveyors
    • F23G2203/8013—Screw conveyors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for separating carbon by thermal treatment, in which method matter to be processed is brought by a feed arrangement to a conveyor arrangement connected to a process space that is substantially of a Thompson Converter type.
  • the matter to be processed is made to move in the process space in the longitudinal direction thereof by means of a conveyor arrangement closed in relation to the space.
  • Pyrolysis gas formed by heat transfer from the process space into the matter to be processed contained in the conveyor system is conveyed into a combustion space provided in the process space for combustion of the gas, the flue gas thereby formed being discharged from the process space by means of a discharge arrangement, and the thermally treated matter is removed from the conveyor arrangement for further processing.
  • the pyrolysis gas created inside the screw conveyors is conventionally carried within the matter to be processed in the travel direction thereof from the discharge end of the screw conveyors to a collection chamber and further on a connecting conduit to a combustion furnace below the screw conveyor space, where it is burned.
  • Fuel gas leaves the combustion furnace to enter a screw conveyor space, where the heat contained in the fuel gas is transferred by convective heat transfer into the screw conveyors before being discharged from the process space through a discharge assembly.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a decisive improve- ment to the above problems and thereby significantly raise the level of the art prevailing in the field.
  • the method of the invention is primarily characterized in that, firstly, the pyrolysis gas is burned using a continuous gas burner arrangement and that, secondly, heat transfer of the conveyor system in the process space is implemented substantially by direct radiation from the flame of the gas burner arrangement and the walls of the combustion space.
  • the method of the invention enables to implement separation of carbon from matter to be proc- essed by thermal treatment in a technically extremely simple and efficient manner by using, firstly, a continuous conveyor arrangement provided with a feed and discharge member substantially gas tight in relation to the environment. This allows to prevent oxygen supply to the pyrolysis gas within the conveyor arrangement, whereby the gas travelling towards the feed end of the conveyor arrangement according to the principle of countercurrent flow is efficiently cooled as the heat contained therein is transferred into matter to be processed travelling to the opposite direction, thus enabling pyrolysis gas to be conveyed at an ideal temperature to the gas burner for combustion.
  • the large inner volume enables, firstly, fuel gases to be burned at a temperature exceed- ing 850 0 C for a delay of two seconds, as required by the EU waste incineration directive.
  • the volume efficiency of the apparatus implemented accord- ing to the invention is optimal when heat transfer to the conveyor arrangement takes place in the process space by direct radiation heat from the flame of the gas burner/burners (the radiation heat transfer being proportional to the fourth order of the temperature), thus speeding up the initiation of the carbon separation process because direct radiation from the gas flame increases the surface temperatures of the conveyor system significantly more rapidly than convective heat transfer.
  • the method of the invention thus enables to assemble an apparatus which is compact and significantly smaller than corresponding, currently available apparatuses and naturally also significantly more affordable in terms of investment, service and maintenance costs than prior art solutions.
  • Figure 1 shows, by way of an example, a perspective view of an ap- paratus whose operation is based on the method of the invention
  • Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section illustrating the operating principle of a similar apparatus
  • Figure 3 shows a preferred Pl diagram of an apparatus in which the method of the invention is applied.
  • the invention relates to a method for separating carbon by thermal treatment, in which method matter to be processed x is brought by a feed arrangement 1 to a conveyor arrangement 3 connected to a process space 2 that is substantially of a Thompson Converter type.
  • the matter to be processed x is made to move in the process space 2 in longitudinal direction s thereof by means of a conveyor arrangement 3 closed in relation to the space, whereby pyrolysis gas y formed by heat transfer from the process space into the matter to be processed x contained in the conveyor system is conveyed into a combustion space 4 provided in the process space for combustion of the gas, flue gas y' thereby formed being discharged from the process space by means of a discharge arrangement 5, and thermally treated matter x' is dis- charged from the conveyor arrangement for further processing.
  • pyrolysis gas y is, firstly, burned by a continuous gas burner arrangement 7. Secondly, heat transfer of the conveyor system 3 in the process space 2 is carried out substantially by direct radiation from the flame of the gas burner arrangement 7 and from the walls of the combustion space 4.
  • pyrolysis gas y is conveyed within the conveyor arrangement 3 by countercur- rent towards feed end I of the conveyor arrangement for transferring heat contained in the pyrolysis gas into the matter to be processed x that is moving to the opposite direction s and for feeding cooled pyrolysis gas y into the gas burner arrangement 7.
  • the pyrolysis gas y is conveyed to the gas burner arrangement 7 through a flow arrangement 8 connected to the conveyor arrangement 3 on the outside of the process space 1.
  • the matter to be processed x is handled in connection with the process space 2 by a continuous conveyor arrangement 3 provided with feed and discharge members 1 a, 1 b that are substantially gas tight in relation to the environment, the arrangement being implemented by means of one or more screw conveyors 3a or the like that are driven by an electric motor o and steplessly regulated by means of a frequency converter, for example.
  • the matter to be processed may be fed to the conveyor system 3 by using the method and feed arrangement of Finnish Patent 119125, for example, particularly for implementing overfeed of the matter to be proc- essed, firstly, in a continuous manner and, secondly, according to the principle of the Pl diagram of Figure 3, for example, in such a way that process gases are prevented from escaping from the conveyor arrangement or the process space into the environment in an uncontrolled manner.
  • the conveyor system 3 is heated immediately after its introduction into the process space 2 by one or more gas burners 7; 7a arranged to the entry wall 2a of the process space parallel with the conveyor arrangement.
  • the transfer power of the con- veyor arrangement 3, such as one or more screw conveyors 3a, is changed in the longitudinal direction s of the processing space so as to particularly reduce the layer thickness of the matter to be processed x from the feed end I of the conveyor arrangement 3 towards its discharge end II.
  • the conveyor arrangement 3 is preferably implemented by a screw conveyor 3a pro- vided with one or more lower pitches at the front end thereof and one or more higher pitches at the rear end thereof.
  • air supply to the gas burner arrangement 7, such as one or more parallel gas burners 7a, is implemented by a separate combustion air blower 9.
  • an ejector blower 10 is applied, also in a preferred manner, in connection with one or more gas burners 7 belonging to the gas burner arrangement 3 for sucking pyrolysis gas y through an ejector nozzle 11 into the gas burner.
  • the method of the invention allows also mutually different types of matter x, w to be processed simultaneously by introducing them into the conveyor system by two longitudinally successive feeders 1 ; 1a, as shown in the accompanying drawings, the matter transferred from the feeders being then mixed as the screw conveyor 3a pushes them towards the process space.
  • the matter transferred from the feeders being then mixed as the screw conveyor 3a pushes them towards the process space.
  • a nitrogen reduction is carried out in the process space by feeding ammonia-containing medium, such as urea mist, ammonia- water solution or the like, into the combustion space 4 by an additional nozzle arrangement z.
  • ammonia-containing medium such as urea mist, ammonia- water solution or the like
  • the medium sprayed through the nozzle arrangement evaporates, whereby the remaining ammonia becomes mixed and has enough time to work on the flue gases so that a significant nitrogen reduction is achieved.
  • the method of the invention also preferably ensures by means of a Lambda sensor, for example, that continuous excess air is maintained in the combustion.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de séparation du carbone par traitement thermique. Selon ce procédé, la matière à traiter (x) est amenée par un système d'alimentation (1) vers un système de transport (3) relié à un espace de traitement (2) qui est principalement du type convertisseur Thompson, la matière à traiter (x) étant réalisée pour se déplacer dans l'espace de traitement (2) dans le sens longitudinal (s) de celui-ci au moyen d'un système de transport (3) fermé par rapport à l'espace. Le gaz de pyrolyse (y) formé par le transfert de chaleur entre l'espace de traitement et la matière à traiter (x) contenue dans le système de transport est transporté à l'intérieur d'un espace de combustion (4) fourni dans l'espace de traitement pour brûler le gaz, le gaz de combustion (y') ainsi formé étant déchargé de l'espace de traitement au moyen d'un système de décharge (5), et la matière traitée thermiquement (x') étant déchargée du système de transport pour un traitement ultérieur. Le gaz de pyrolyse (y) est, tout d'abord, brûlé par un système brûleur de gaz continu (7) et, ensuite, le transfert de chaleur du système de transport (3) dans l'espace de traitement (2) est effectué principalement par rayonnement direct de la flamme du système brûleur de gaz (7) et des parois de l'espace de combustion (4).
EP10796778A 2009-07-08 2010-07-07 Procédé de séparation du carbone par traitement thermique Withdrawn EP2451896A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20095778A FI20095778A0 (fi) 2009-07-08 2009-07-08 Menetelmä hiilen erottamiseksi termisellä käsittelyllä
PCT/FI2010/050584 WO2011004073A1 (fr) 2009-07-08 2010-07-07 Procédé de séparation du carbone par traitement thermique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2451896A1 true EP2451896A1 (fr) 2012-05-16

Family

ID=40935859

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10796778A Withdrawn EP2451896A1 (fr) 2009-07-08 2010-07-07 Procédé de séparation du carbone par traitement thermique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2451896A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101943410A (fr)
CA (1) CA2767626A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI20095778A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011004073A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106482112A (zh) * 2016-12-12 2017-03-08 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 一种双螺旋蓄热式燃气电子垃圾热解装置
SG11202110715QA (en) * 2019-04-08 2021-10-28 Carbofex Oy Method and apparatus for the manufacturing of non-energent biocoal with thermal treatment

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3051629A (en) * 1958-07-07 1962-08-28 Consolidation Coal Co Preparing metallurgical fuel briquets from non-caking coal by preshrinking char
AU531008B2 (en) * 1978-06-13 1983-08-04 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Flash pyrolysis of coal in fluidized bed
GB2144836A (en) * 1983-08-03 1985-03-13 Kleenair Products Co Inc Improvements in or relating to a pyrolysis reaction and apparatus
US5151159A (en) * 1990-11-15 1992-09-29 Coal Technology Corporation Method and apparatus for converting coal into liquid fuel and metallurgical coke
CA2303795A1 (fr) * 2000-03-27 2001-09-27 Zenon Todorski Procede de pyrolyse en continu de copeaux de bois et d'autres matieres cellulosiques visant a maximiser le rendement en methanol, en d'autres produits organiques liquides et en charbon actif
JP2006274201A (ja) * 2005-03-30 2006-10-12 Cpr Co Ltd 連続減圧乾燥／炭化装置
JP2008014570A (ja) * 2006-07-06 2008-01-24 Hitachi Ltd 廃棄物の熱分解処理設備及び廃棄物の熱分解処理設備の運転方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2011004073A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011004073A1 (fr) 2011-01-13
CN101943410A (zh) 2011-01-12
CA2767626A1 (fr) 2011-01-13
FI20095778A0 (fi) 2009-07-08

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