EP2338216A2 - Dynamoelectric machine - Google Patents
Dynamoelectric machineInfo
- Publication number
- EP2338216A2 EP2338216A2 EP09782945A EP09782945A EP2338216A2 EP 2338216 A2 EP2338216 A2 EP 2338216A2 EP 09782945 A EP09782945 A EP 09782945A EP 09782945 A EP09782945 A EP 09782945A EP 2338216 A2 EP2338216 A2 EP 2338216A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- stator
- dynamoelectric machine
- heat
- heat pipes
- protective tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000555745 Sciuridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/0275—Arrangements for coupling heat-pipes together or with other structures, e.g. with base blocks; Heat pipe cores
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/122—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and being formed of wires
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/22—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by solid heat conducting material embedded in, or arranged in contact with, the stator or rotor, e.g. heat bridges
- H02K9/225—Heat pipes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a dynamoelectric machine with a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator has a winding system arranged in grooves of the stator, and wherein the cooling system has heat pipes.
- Dynamo-electric machines are equipped with air or liquid cooling in order to dissipate the heat losses from laminations of the stator and / or laminations of the rotor as well as of the winding systems. These losses in the dynamoelectric machines are caused in particular by iron losses and eddy current losses. In order to further improve the heat transfer from a dynamoelectric machine, heat pipes are used in dynamoelectric machines.
- US Pat. No. 3,801,843 shows several arrangements of heat pipes in the laminated core and grooves of a dynamoelectric machine.
- heat pipes consist of a vacuum-sealed pipe whose inside is provided with a capillary structure.
- An introduced working fluid water or alcohol
- the heat transfer within the heat pipes is now carried out by evaporation and condensation. If heat energy is supplied at a location of the heat pipes (evaporation zone), the working fluid evaporates while absorbing the energy.
- the steam now flows in the direction of the temperature gradient and condenses at the cooler points of the heat pipes, releasing the energy (condensation zone).
- the condensate returns to the evaporation zone by capillary and gravitational forces.
- Heat pipes are made as tubes, in particular roundish tubes but also as rectangular, flat heat pipes.
- heat pipes are arranged such that the evaporation zone is arranged below the condensation zone.
- the internal capillary force must work against gravity.
- the power-limiting factor is often the rotor heating. Because the degree of protection requires a closed type of dynamoelectric machine, the heat from the rotor must be delivered to the cooling air via a protective tube or the like. The heat loss of the rotor must now be delivered by convection to the protective tube, as well as the heat of the winding system, in particular the winding head.
- the protective tube which is integrated on the bearing tube, is cooled from the outside by cooling air. This results in the following disadvantages. The temperature difference between the inside of the protective tube and the protective air flowing around the protective tube is relatively large.
- the object of the invention is to improve the rotor reheating and the cooling of the winding system of the stator in the case of a closed electric machine with air cooling, without thereby becoming part of the essential concept. principle of the dynamo-electric machine.
- a dynamo electric machine with a stator and a rotor, wherein at least the stator has a arranged in grooves of the stator winding system, which forms winding heads on the front sides of the stator and wherein by heat pipes in a substantially radial Heat transfer takes place on the front sides of the stand.
- the arrangement of the heat pipes in a substantially radial arrangement on the end faces of the stator in a closed dynamoelectric machine is still the protection of the dynamoelectric machine, for example
- IP55 guaranteed.
- sufficient cooling power is ensured via the heat pipes arranged on the end faces of the stator from the inside of the protective tube to the outside.
- the heat losses of the rotor, the winding system of the stator, iron losses of the laminated cores and losses of the winding head are taken from the evaporation zone of the heat pipe and transported through the protective tube to the outside in the condensation zone. This reduces the temperature difference between the inside of the dynamoelectric machine and the outside, without restricting the degree of protection of the dynamoelectric machine.
- the protective tube is likewise a heat-conducting material, so that thereby an additional heat transport from the region closed off by the protective tube is achieved. follows, thus supporting the cooling through the heat pipes.
- the number of heat pipes can be increased to the same cooling capacity as in the upper part of the dynamoelectric machine guarantee.
- At least the evaporation zone and / or the condensation zone is provided with a knitted fabric which increases the surface area of the evaporation zone and the condensation zone.
- the knitted fabric is advantageously designed as a metal knit, in particular knitted wire, which is additionally heat-conducting and, due to its knit-like structures, also ensures swirling of the air flow in each case in the zone of evaporation or of the condensation zone.
- These knits are in particular sixteengeknäulte wires that are thermally coupled to the heat pipes.
- the stitches within these knits are free but should be In any case, allow air flow through the fabric.
- the rotor of the dynamoelectric machine can be designed as a short-circuit rotor with a corresponding short-circuit cage, wherein in particular the short-circuit ring has wing-like formations on the end faces of the rotor.
- an air circulation within the protective tube results and thus a further turbulence of the air, which contributes to a comparison of the heat within the protective tube.
- Axial recesses in the rotor also allow, in an advantageous embodiment, that forms not only at the end faces of an air circulation, but also a
- Air circuit forms over the axial length of the rotor through these axially extending recesses, so that sets a uniform temperature between the two end faces of the rotor.
- the bearing plate can also be bound, which is provided in an advantageous manner, at least in this section with cooling fins and thus can also deliver the heat to the surrounding air through the air circulation and through the heat pipes.
- the invention and further advantageous embodiments of the invention are shown in the embodiments of the drawings shown in principle. Show:
- FIG. 1.5 shows a cross section of a dynamoelectric machine
- FIG. 2.4 shows a partial longitudinal section of a dynamoelectric machine
- FIG. 3 shows a heat pipe.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-section of a dynamoelectric machine 1, with a housing, on which a protective tube 14 is supported by supports 17. For reasons of clarity, both the winding system 4 and the rotor 3 are not shown in this FIG.
- Protective tube 14 surrounds the electrically sensitive parts, such as e.g. the winding system 4 with its winding head and the rotating rotor 3.
- the heat from the rotor 3 and the winding system 4 must now be given over the protective tube 14 to the outside.
- heat pipes 5 in this case have four heat pipes 5 arranged radially in the corners of the housing, and both in the end sections of the evaporation zones 19 of the heat pipes 5 and in the end sections of the condensation zones 7 Knitted fabrics 8.
- These knitted fabrics 8 increase the heat absorption area or the heat discharge area and also ensure turbulence of the surrounding air flow, so that the heat dissipation or heat absorption is additionally improved.
- the condensation zones 7 are arranged in axial alignment with the recesses 11 of the laminated core 15 of the stator 2 which are designed as axial cooling channels.
- the protective tube 14 extends from the laminated core 15 of the stator 2 to the bearing plate 12 and thus forms a sealed airspace.
- the winding system 4 is completed to the outside and thus meets the required protection class.
- a forced convection in particular driven by an additional fan, in a squirrel cage rotor by fan blades on the short circuit ring.
- the air is forcibly circulated and flows around or flows through the winding head, bearing shield and in particular the knitted fabric 8 of the evaporation zone.
- a uniform heat absorption in this area is brought about and the heat difference between the different areas within the protective tube and outside is substantially reduced.
- the bearing plate 12 which holds the bearings 18, cooling fins 21, which also project into the cooling circuit within the protective tube 14 and / or within the cooling flow 16.
- the rotor 3 is shown in FIG 4 also with axial cooling channels 22 executable, so that also sets a cooling circuit of the one end face of the dynamoelectric machine to the other end without leaving the area of the protective tube 14.
- FIG. 5 shows, in a basic cross-section, an arrangement of heat pipes 5 with respect to their horizontal display, in which, according to experience, the capillary forces of the heat pipes 5 have to work against gravity and thus reduce the cooling efficiency.
- the number of heat pipes 5 in the lower area is increased and / or provided with heat pipes 5, which have a suitable capillary structure.
- FIG 3 shows a heat pipe 5, with the end sections, where the evaporation zone 19 and the condensation zone 7 are arranged.
- Each of these zones has a knit fabric 8 in order on the one hand to increase the heat transfer surface and, on the other hand, to swirl this air flowing through the knitted fabric 8 and thus to make the heat absorption or heat transfer more efficient.
- These knitted fabrics 8 are thermally coupled to the end sections of the heat pipes 5 in order to allow the heat of this evaporation zone 19 to pass or to be able to deliver the heat from the condensation zone 7 to the knitted fabric 8.
- a closed-type dynamoelectric machine 1 can now be provided in a simple manner with sufficient cooling by arranging a protective tube 14 around the critical components, such as winding, winding head and rotor, which has holes, into which substantially radially arranged heat exchanger.
- Pipes 5 are arranged with knitted fabric 8.
- the protective tube 14 on the end faces 6 of the stator 2 optionally shields together with bearing plate 12 and shaft each of the winding head and the winding system, the rotor 3, etc. against environmental influences, in particular dirt and water.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Beschreibungdescription
Dynamoelektrische MaschineDynamoelectric machine
Die Erfindung betrifft eine dynamoelektrische Maschine mit einem Ständer und einem Läufer, wobei der Ständer ein in Nuten des Ständers angeordnetes Wicklungssystem aufweist, und wobei das Kühlsystem Heat-Pipes aufweist.The invention relates to a dynamoelectric machine with a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator has a winding system arranged in grooves of the stator, and wherein the cooling system has heat pipes.
Dynamoelektrische Maschinen werden mit Luft-, oder mit Flüssigkeitskühlung ausgestattet, um die Wärmeverluste aus Blechpaketen des Ständers und/oder Blechpaketen des Läufers als auch von den Wicklungssystemen abzuführen. Diese Verluste in den dynamoelektrischen Maschinen entstehen insbesondere durch Eisenverluste und Wirbelstromverluste. Um nun den Wärmetransport aus einer dynamoelektrischen Maschine weiter zu verbessern, sind Heat-Pipes bei dynamoelektrischen Maschinen im Einsatz .Dynamo-electric machines are equipped with air or liquid cooling in order to dissipate the heat losses from laminations of the stator and / or laminations of the rotor as well as of the winding systems. These losses in the dynamoelectric machines are caused in particular by iron losses and eddy current losses. In order to further improve the heat transfer from a dynamoelectric machine, heat pipes are used in dynamoelectric machines.
So zeigt beispielsweise die US 3 801 843 mehrere Anordnungen von Heat-Pipes im Blechpaket und Nuten einer dynamoelektrischen Maschine.For example, US Pat. No. 3,801,843 shows several arrangements of heat pipes in the laminated core and grooves of a dynamoelectric machine.
Heat-Pipes bestehen prinzipiell aus einem vakuumdichtver- schlossenen Rohr, dessen Innenseite mit einer Kapillarstruktur versehen ist. Eine eingebrachte Arbeitsflüssigkeit (Wasser oder Alkohol) ist in Folge des vorherrschenden Vakuums als Sattdampf in der Kapillarstruktur eingelagert. Der Wärmetransport innerhalb der Heat-Pipes erfolgt nun durch Verdamp- fung und Kondensation. Wird Wärmeenergie an einer Stelle der Heat-Pipes zugeführt (Verdampfungszone) , so verdampft die Arbeitsflüssigkeit unter Aufnahme der Energie. Der Dampf strömt nun in Richtung des Temperaturgefälles und kondensiert an den kühleren Stellen der Heat-Pipes unter Abgabe der Energie (Kondensationszone) . Das Kondensat kehrt durch die Kapillar- und Schwerkraft in die Verdampfungszone zurück. Heat-Pipes werden als Röhren, insbesondere rundliche Röhren aber ebenso auch als rechteckige, flache Heat-Pipes angefertigt. Vorteilhafterweise sind Heat-Pipes derart angeordnet, dass die Verdampfungszone unter der Kondensationszone ange- ordnet ist. In einem umgekehrten Einsatzfall, d.h. wenn die Verdampfungszone oben und die Kondensationszone unten ist, muss die interne Kapillarkraft gegen die Schwerkraft arbeiten .In principle, heat pipes consist of a vacuum-sealed pipe whose inside is provided with a capillary structure. An introduced working fluid (water or alcohol) is stored as saturated steam in the capillary structure due to the prevailing vacuum. The heat transfer within the heat pipes is now carried out by evaporation and condensation. If heat energy is supplied at a location of the heat pipes (evaporation zone), the working fluid evaporates while absorbing the energy. The steam now flows in the direction of the temperature gradient and condenses at the cooler points of the heat pipes, releasing the energy (condensation zone). The condensate returns to the evaporation zone by capillary and gravitational forces. Heat pipes are made as tubes, in particular roundish tubes but also as rectangular, flat heat pipes. Advantageously, heat pipes are arranged such that the evaporation zone is arranged below the condensation zone. In a reverse use case, ie when the evaporation zone is at the top and the condensation zone is at the bottom, the internal capillary force must work against gravity.
Aus der JP 10174371 A ist eine dynamoelektrische Maschine bekannt, bei der insbesondere der Wickelkopf durch Heat-Pipes gekühlt wird.From JP 10174371 A a dynamoelectric machine is known in which in particular the winding head is cooled by heat pipes.
Bei geschlossenen dynamoelektrischen Maschinen mit Luftküh- lung ist der leistungsbegrenzende Faktor oft die Läufererwärmung. Weil die Schutzart eine geschlossene Bauart der dynamoelektrischen Maschine erfordert, muss die Wärme vom Läufer über ein Schutzrohr oder ähnliches an die Kühlluft abgegeben werden. Die Verlustwärme des Läufers muss nunmehr durch Kon- vektion an das Schutzrohr abgegeben werden, ebenso wie die Wärme des Wicklungssystems, insbesondere des Wickelkopfes. Das Schutzrohr, das am Lagerrohr integriert ist, wird von außen durch Kühlluft abgekühlt. Dadurch ergeben sich folgende Nachteile. Die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen der Innenseite des Schutzrohrs und der das Schutzrohr umströmenden Kühlluft ist verhältnismäßig groß.In closed-loop dynamo-electric machines with air cooling, the power-limiting factor is often the rotor heating. Because the degree of protection requires a closed type of dynamoelectric machine, the heat from the rotor must be delivered to the cooling air via a protective tube or the like. The heat loss of the rotor must now be delivered by convection to the protective tube, as well as the heat of the winding system, in particular the winding head. The protective tube, which is integrated on the bearing tube, is cooled from the outside by cooling air. This results in the following disadvantages. The temperature difference between the inside of the protective tube and the protective air flowing around the protective tube is relatively large.
Dabei spielen für den Wärmeübergang folgende Faktoren eine Rolle: Die beidseitige Luftgeschwindigkeit innerhalb und au- ßerhalb des Schutzrohres, die Luftmenge, die Übertragungsfläche und die Wärmeleitfähigkeit des Materials zwischen den beiden Zonen.The following factors play a role in the heat transfer: The bilateral air velocity inside and outside the protective tube, the amount of air, the transfer surface and the thermal conductivity of the material between the two zones.
Ausgehend davon liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einer geschlossenen elektrischen Maschine mit Luftkühlung die Lauferentwärmung und die Entwärmung des Wicklungssystems des Ständers zu verbessern, ohne dabei in das wesentliche Kon- struktionsprinzip der dynamoelektrischen Maschine einzugreifen .On the basis of this, the object of the invention is to improve the rotor reheating and the cooling of the winding system of the stator in the case of a closed electric machine with air cooling, without thereby becoming part of the essential concept. principle of the dynamo-electric machine.
Die Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe gelingt durch eine dynamo- elektrische Maschine mit einem Ständer und einem Läufer, wobei zumindest der Ständer ein in Nuten des Ständers angeordnetes Wicklungssystem aufweist, das an den Stirnseiten des Ständers Wickelköpfe ausbildet und wobei durch Heat-Pipes ein im wesentlicher radialer Wärmetransport an den Stirnseiten des Ständers erfolgt.The solution of the problem is achieved by a dynamo electric machine with a stator and a rotor, wherein at least the stator has a arranged in grooves of the stator winding system, which forms winding heads on the front sides of the stator and wherein by heat pipes in a substantially radial Heat transfer takes place on the front sides of the stand.
Durch die Anordnung der Heat-Pipes in im Wesentlichen radialer Anordnung an den Stirnseiten des Ständers bei einer geschlossenen dynamoelektrischen Maschine ist weiterhin die Schutzart der dynamoelektrischen Maschine, beispielsweiseThe arrangement of the heat pipes in a substantially radial arrangement on the end faces of the stator in a closed dynamoelectric machine is still the protection of the dynamoelectric machine, for example
IP55 gewährleistet. Gleichzeitig ist eine ausreichende Kühlleistung über die an den Stirnseiten des Ständers angeordneten Heat-Pipes von der Innenseite des Schutzrohrs nach außen gewährleistet. Damit werden die Wärmeverluste des Läufers, des Wicklungssystems des Ständers, Eisenverluste der Blechpakete und Verluste des Wickelkopfes von der Verdampfungszone der Heat-Pipe aufgenommen und durch das Schutzrohr nach außen in die Kondensationszone transportiert. Damit reduziert sich die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen dem Inneren der dynamoelekt- rischen Maschine und dem Äußeren, ohne dabei die Schutzart der dynamoelektrischen Maschine einzuschränken.IP55 guaranteed. At the same time, sufficient cooling power is ensured via the heat pipes arranged on the end faces of the stator from the inside of the protective tube to the outside. Thus, the heat losses of the rotor, the winding system of the stator, iron losses of the laminated cores and losses of the winding head are taken from the evaporation zone of the heat pipe and transported through the protective tube to the outside in the condensation zone. This reduces the temperature difference between the inside of the dynamoelectric machine and the outside, without restricting the degree of protection of the dynamoelectric machine.
Des Weiteren sind keine wesentlichen konstruktiven Änderungen an der dynamoelektrischen Maschine vorzunehmen, da lediglich das Schutzrohr mit dementsprechenden Löchern, die im Wesentlichen dem Querschnitt der Heat-Pipes entsprechen, auszuführen sind. Je nach Anzahl der Löcher im Schutzrohr können dementsprechend viele Heat-Pipes vorgesehen werden.Furthermore, no significant structural changes to the dynamoelectric machine are to be made, since only the protective tube with corresponding holes, which correspond substantially to the cross section of the heat pipes, are to be executed. Depending on the number of holes in the protective tube accordingly many heat pipes can be provided.
Vorteilhafterweise ist das Schutzrohr ebenfalls ein wärmeleitendes Material, so dass dadurch ein zusätzlicher Wärmetransport aus dem durch das Schutzrohr abgeschlossenen Bereich er- folgt, und somit die Kühlung durch die Heat-Pipes unterstützt .Advantageously, the protective tube is likewise a heat-conducting material, so that thereby an additional heat transport from the region closed off by the protective tube is achieved. follows, thus supporting the cooling through the heat pipes.
Um die reduzierte Wirksamkeit der Heat-Pipes im unteren Teil der dynamoelektrischen Maschine zu reduzieren, also dort wo die Kapillarkräfte gegen die Schwerkraft arbeiten müssen, kann die Anzahl der Heat-Pipes erhöht werden, um die gleiche Kühlleistung wie im oberen Teil der dynamoelektrischen Maschine zu gewährleisten.In order to reduce the reduced efficiency of the heat pipes in the lower part of the dynamoelectric machine, ie where the capillary forces have to work against gravity, the number of heat pipes can be increased to the same cooling capacity as in the upper part of the dynamoelectric machine guarantee.
Alternativ dazu sind an der radial unteren Seite des Schutzrohrs, wenn also die Kapillarkraft der Schwerkraft entgegen wirken muss, spezielle Heat-Pipes vorzusehen, die aufgrund ihrer Kapillarstruktur ebenfalls einen ausreichenden Wärme- transport gewährleisten.Alternatively, at the radially lower side of the protective tube, ie when the capillary force must counteract the force of gravity, special heat pipes are to be provided which, because of their capillary structure, likewise ensure sufficient heat transport.
Vorteilhafterweise ist zumindest die Verdampfungszone und/oder die Kondensationszone mit einem Gestrick versehen, das die Oberfläche von Verdampfungszone und Kondensationszone vergrößert. Das Gestrick ist vorteilhafterweise als Metallgestrick, insbesondere Drahtgestrick ausgeführt, das zusätzlich wärmeleitend ist und aufgrund seiner strickähnlichen Aufbauten auch für eine Verwirbelung der Luftströmung jeweils in der Zone der Verdampfung oder der Kondensationszone sorgt.Advantageously, at least the evaporation zone and / or the condensation zone is provided with a knitted fabric which increases the surface area of the evaporation zone and the condensation zone. The knitted fabric is advantageously designed as a metal knit, in particular knitted wire, which is additionally heat-conducting and, due to its knit-like structures, also ensures swirling of the air flow in each case in the zone of evaporation or of the condensation zone.
Diese Gestricke an den Endabschnitten der Heat-Pipes führen an den diese Endabschnitte umgebenden Luftströmungen zu turbulenten Strömungen. Diese turbulente Strömung ist gekennzeichnet durch meist dreidimensionale scheinbar zufällige, instationäre Bewegungen der Fluidteilchen . Damit wird die Wärmeaufnahme aus einem Kühlmittel, beispielsweise einer Luftströmung, als auch die Wärmeabgabe der Heat-Pipes an Kühlmittel wesentlich verbessert.These knits at the end sections of the heat pipes lead to turbulent flows at the air flows surrounding these end sections. This turbulent flow is characterized by mostly three-dimensional seemingly random, unsteady movements of the fluid particles. Thus, the heat absorption from a coolant, such as an air flow, as well as the heat transfer of the heat pipes to coolant is substantially improved.
Diese Gestricke sind insbesondere zusammengeknäulte Drähte, die thermisch an die Heat-Pipes gekoppelt werden. Die Maschen innerhalb dieser Gestricke sind frei wählbar, sollten aber auf jeden Fall eine Luftströmung durch das Gestrick ermöglichen .These knits are in particular zusammengeknäulte wires that are thermally coupled to the heat pipes. The stitches within these knits are free but should be In any case, allow air flow through the fabric.
Der Läufer der dynamoelektrischen Maschine kann als Kurz- schlussläufer mit einem dementsprechenden Kurzschlusskäfig ausgeführt sein, wobei insbesondere der Kurzschlussring an den Stirnseiten des Läufers flügelähnliche Ausbildungen aufweist. Bei Drehung des Läufers entsteht eine Luftzirkulation innerhalb des Schutzrohres und somit eine weitere Verwirbe- lung der Luft, die zu einer Vergleichsmäßigung des Wärme innerhalb des Schutzrohres beiträgt.The rotor of the dynamoelectric machine can be designed as a short-circuit rotor with a corresponding short-circuit cage, wherein in particular the short-circuit ring has wing-like formations on the end faces of the rotor. Upon rotation of the rotor, an air circulation within the protective tube results and thus a further turbulence of the air, which contributes to a comparison of the heat within the protective tube.
Axiale Ausnehmungen im Läufer gestatten außerdem in einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung, dass sich nicht nur an den Stirnseiten ein Luftkreislauf ausbildet, sondern auch einAxial recesses in the rotor also allow, in an advantageous embodiment, that forms not only at the end faces of an air circulation, but also a
Luftkreislauf über die axiale Länge des Läufers durch diese axial verlaufende Ausnehmungen ausbildet, so dass sich auch zwischen den beiden Stirnseiten des Läufers eine gleichmäßige Temperatur einstellt.Air circuit forms over the axial length of the rotor through these axially extending recesses, so that sets a uniform temperature between the two end faces of the rotor.
Damit werden u.a. auch die Läufereisenverluste in vorteilhafter Weise aus dem Läufer in die Stirnseitenabschnitte der dynamoelektrischen Maschine gebracht.This will u.a. Also, the rotor iron losses brought in an advantageous manner from the rotor in the end face portions of the dynamoelectric machine.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung befindet sich die Verdampfungszone bzw. Kondensationszone zumindest einiger Heat-Pipes mit ihrem Gestrick in axialer Flucht der im Ständerblechpaket bzw. Läuferblechpaket jeweils verlaufenden Kühlkanäle, so dass durch, insbesondere erzwungene axiale Kühlung in diesem Bereich eine zusätzliche Unterstützung der Wärmeaufnahme bzw. Wärmeabgabe vorliegt, die den Wirkungsgrad der gesamten Kühleinrichtung verbessert.In a further advantageous embodiment, the evaporation zone or condensation zone of at least some heat pipes with their knit in axial alignment of the stator laminations or Läufererblechpaket each extending cooling channels, so that by, in particular forced axial cooling in this area an additional support of heat absorption or Heat dissipation is present, which improves the efficiency of the entire cooling device.
In den inneren Kühlkreislauf kann ebenso das Lagerschild ein- gebunden sein, das in vorteilhafter Weise, zumindest in diesem Abschnitt mit Kühlrippen versehen ist und somit ebenfalls über die Luftzirkulation und durch die Heat-Pipes die Wärme an die umgebende Luft abgeben kann. Die Erfindung sowie weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den prinzipiell dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen der Zeichnungen wiedergegeben. Darin zeigen:In the inner cooling circuit, the bearing plate can also be bound, which is provided in an advantageous manner, at least in this section with cooling fins and thus can also deliver the heat to the surrounding air through the air circulation and through the heat pipes. The invention and further advantageous embodiments of the invention are shown in the embodiments of the drawings shown in principle. Show:
FIG 1,5 einen Querschnitt einer dynamoelektrischen Maschine, FIG 2,4 einen Teillängsschnitt einer dynamoelektrischen Maschine, FIG 3 eine Heat-Pipe.FIG. 1.5 shows a cross section of a dynamoelectric machine, FIG. 2.4 shows a partial longitudinal section of a dynamoelectric machine, FIG. 3 shows a heat pipe.
FIG 1 zeigt in einem prinzipiellen Querschnitt eine dynamoelektrische Maschine 1, mit einem Gehäuse, an dem sich ein Schutzrohr 14 über Stützen 17 abstützt. Aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit sind sowohl das Wicklungssystem 4 als auch der Läufer 3 in dieser FIG nicht dargestellt.1 shows a schematic cross-section of a dynamoelectric machine 1, with a housing, on which a protective tube 14 is supported by supports 17. For reasons of clarity, both the winding system 4 and the rotor 3 are not shown in this FIG.
Das Schutzrohr 14 umgibt, wie auch in FIG 2 deutlich dargestellt, die elektrisch empfindlichen Teile, wie z.B. das Wicklungssystem 4 mit seinem Wickelkopf als auch den sich drehenden Läufer 3. Die Wärme aus dem Läufer 3 und dem Wicklungssystem 4 muss nun über das Schutzrohr 14 nach außen gegeben werden. Dies geschieht erfindungsgemäß dadurch, dass Heat-Pipes 5 in diesem Falle vier Heat-Pipes 5 radial in den Ecken des Gehäuses angeordnet sind, und sowohl in den Endab- schnitten der Verdampfungszonen 19 der Heat-Pipes 5 als auch in den Endabschnitten der Kondensationszonen 7 Gestricke 8 aufweisen. Diese Gestricke 8 vergrößern die Wärmeaufnahmefläche bzw. die Wärmeabgabefläche und sorgen außerdem für eine Turbulenz der sie umgebenden Luftströmung, so dass die Wärme- abgäbe bzw. Wärmeaufnahme zusätzlich verbessert wird.Protective tube 14, as also clearly shown in FIG. 2, surrounds the electrically sensitive parts, such as e.g. the winding system 4 with its winding head and the rotating rotor 3. The heat from the rotor 3 and the winding system 4 must now be given over the protective tube 14 to the outside. This is done according to the invention in that heat pipes 5 in this case have four heat pipes 5 arranged radially in the corners of the housing, and both in the end sections of the evaporation zones 19 of the heat pipes 5 and in the end sections of the condensation zones 7 Knitted fabrics 8. These knitted fabrics 8 increase the heat absorption area or the heat discharge area and also ensure turbulence of the surrounding air flow, so that the heat dissipation or heat absorption is additionally improved.
Vorteilhafterweise sind dabei die Kondensationszonen 7 in axialer Flucht der als axiale Kühlkanäle ausgestalteten Ausnehmungen 11 des Blechpakets 15 des Ständers 2 angeordnet. Durch diese axiale Belüftung des Blechpakets 15 des Ständers 2 erfolgt eine zusätzliche Durchströmung des Gestrickes 8 der Kondensationszone 7 bei gleichzeitiger Steigerung der Wärmeabgabe . Das Schutzrohr 14 reicht vom Blechpaket 15 des Ständers 2 zum Lagerschild 12 und bildet somit einen abgeschlossenen Luftraum. Damit ist das Wicklungssystem 4 nach außen abgeschlossen und erfüllt so die erforderlich Schutzklasse. Innerhalb dieses abgeschlossenen Luftraums findet nun eine Zwangskon- vektion, insbesondere angetrieben durch einen zusätzlichen Lüfter, bei einem Kurzschlussläufer durch Lüfterflügel am Kurzschlussring, statt. Dabei wird die Luft zwangsweise zirkuliert und umströmt bzw. durchströmt somit Wickelkopf, La- gerschild und insbesondere das Gestrick 8 der Verdampfungszone. Damit wird eine gleichmäßige Wärmeaufnahme in diesem Bereich herbeigeführt und die Wärmedifferenz zwischen den unterschiedlichen Bereichen innerhalb des Schutzrohres und außerhalb wird wesentlich reduziert.Advantageously, the condensation zones 7 are arranged in axial alignment with the recesses 11 of the laminated core 15 of the stator 2 which are designed as axial cooling channels. Through this axial ventilation of the laminated core 15 of the stator 2, an additional flow through the fabric 8 of the condensation zone 7 takes place while increasing the heat output. The protective tube 14 extends from the laminated core 15 of the stator 2 to the bearing plate 12 and thus forms a sealed airspace. Thus, the winding system 4 is completed to the outside and thus meets the required protection class. Within this closed air space there is now a forced convection, in particular driven by an additional fan, in a squirrel cage rotor by fan blades on the short circuit ring. In this case, the air is forcibly circulated and flows around or flows through the winding head, bearing shield and in particular the knitted fabric 8 of the evaporation zone. Thus, a uniform heat absorption in this area is brought about and the heat difference between the different areas within the protective tube and outside is substantially reduced.
Vorteilhafterweise weist das Lagerschild 12, das die Lager 18 hält, Kühlrippen 21 auf, die ebenfalls in den Kühlkreislauf innerhalb des Schutzrohres 14 und/oder innerhalb der Kühlströmung 16 ragen. Der Läufer 3 ist gemäß FIG 4 ebenso mit axialen Kühlkanälen 22 ausführbar, so dass sich ebenfalls ein Kühlkreislauf von der einen Stirnseite der dynamoelektrischen Maschine zur anderen Stirnseite einstellt ohne den Bereich des Schutzrohres 14 zu verlassen.Advantageously, the bearing plate 12, which holds the bearings 18, cooling fins 21, which also project into the cooling circuit within the protective tube 14 and / or within the cooling flow 16. The rotor 3 is shown in FIG 4 also with axial cooling channels 22 executable, so that also sets a cooling circuit of the one end face of the dynamoelectric machine to the other end without leaving the area of the protective tube 14.
Damit erhält man eine dynamoelektrische Maschine 1, die bei geschlossener Bauart eine hohe Kühleffizienz aufweist und die bezüglich der bisher bekannten dynamoelektrischen Maschine lediglich geringe bauliche Maßnahmen erfordert.This results in a dynamoelectric machine 1, which has a high cooling efficiency in the closed design and which requires only minor structural measures with respect to the previously known dynamoelectric machine.
Dies wären lediglich eine Anordnung von Heat-Pipes 5 in vorgegebenen Abständen innerhalb eines Schutzrohres 14. Die Heat-Pipes 5 sind in dementsprechenden Löcher des Schutzrohres 14 angeordnet um aber dabei auf jeden Fall die Schutzart beispielsweise IP55 einhalten zu können, sind die Löcher in die die Heat-Pipes 5 eingesetzt werden, mit einer zusätzlichen Vergussmasse abgedichtet. FIG 5 zeigt in einem prinzipiellen Querschnitt eine Anordnung von Heat-Pipes 5 bei bzgl. ihrer Achse horizontalen Ausstellung, bei der erfahrungsgemäß die Kapillarkräfte der Heat- Pipes 5 gegen die Schwerkraft arbeiten müssen und so die Kühleffizienz reduzieren.This would be merely an arrangement of heat pipes 5 at predetermined intervals within a protective tube 14. The heat pipes 5 are arranged in corresponding holes of the protective tube 14 to but in any case to be able to comply with the degree of protection IP55, the holes in the the heat pipes 5 are used, sealed with an additional potting compound. FIG. 5 shows, in a basic cross-section, an arrangement of heat pipes 5 with respect to their horizontal display, in which, according to experience, the capillary forces of the heat pipes 5 have to work against gravity and thus reduce the cooling efficiency.
Um dies zu vermeiden ist die Anzahl der Heat-Pipes 5 in dem unteren Bereich erhöht und/oder mit Heat-Pipes 5 versehen, die eine dafür geeignete Kapillarstruktur aufweisen.To avoid this, the number of heat pipes 5 in the lower area is increased and / or provided with heat pipes 5, which have a suitable capillary structure.
FIG 3 zeigt eine Heat-Pipe 5, mit den Endabschnitten, wo die Verdampfungszone 19 und die Kondensationszone 7 angeordnet sind. Jede dieser Zonen weist ein Gestrick 8 auf, um zum Einen die Wärmeübergangsfläche zu vergrößern und zum Anderen diese durch die Gestricke 8 durchströmende Luft zu verwirbeln und damit die Wärmeaufnahme bzw. Wärmeabgabe effizienter zu gestalten. Diese Gestricke 8 sind thermisch an die Endabschnitte der Heat-Pipes 5 gekoppelt, um die Wärme dieser Verdampfungszone 19 zukommen zu lassen bzw. um die Wärme von der Kondensationszone 7 an das Gestrick 8 abgeben zu können.3 shows a heat pipe 5, with the end sections, where the evaporation zone 19 and the condensation zone 7 are arranged. Each of these zones has a knit fabric 8 in order on the one hand to increase the heat transfer surface and, on the other hand, to swirl this air flowing through the knitted fabric 8 and thus to make the heat absorption or heat transfer more efficient. These knitted fabrics 8 are thermally coupled to the end sections of the heat pipes 5 in order to allow the heat of this evaporation zone 19 to pass or to be able to deliver the heat from the condensation zone 7 to the knitted fabric 8.
Vorteilhafterweise kann nun eine dynamoelektrische Maschine 1 geschlossener Bauart in einfacher Art und Weise mit ausreichender Kühlung bereitgestellt werden, indem ein Schutzrohr 14 um die kritischen Bauelemente, wie Wicklung, Wickelkopf und Läufer angeordnet wird, das Löcher aufweist, in die im wesentlichen radial angeordnete Heat-Pipes 5 mit Gestrick 8 angeordnet sind.Advantageously, a closed-type dynamoelectric machine 1 can now be provided in a simple manner with sufficient cooling by arranging a protective tube 14 around the critical components, such as winding, winding head and rotor, which has holes, into which substantially radially arranged heat exchanger. Pipes 5 are arranged with knitted fabric 8.
Das Schutzrohr 14 an den Stirnseiten 6 des Ständers 2 schirmt ggf. zusammen mit Lagerschild 12 und Welle jeweils den Wickelkopf bzw. das Wicklungssystem, den Läufer 3 etc. gegen Umwelteinflüsse, insbesondere Schmutz und Wasser ab. The protective tube 14 on the end faces 6 of the stator 2 optionally shields together with bearing plate 12 and shaft each of the winding head and the winding system, the rotor 3, etc. against environmental influences, in particular dirt and water.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008053090A DE102008053090A1 (en) | 2008-10-24 | 2008-10-24 | Dynamoelectric machine |
| PCT/EP2009/061841 WO2010046182A2 (en) | 2008-10-24 | 2009-09-14 | Dynamoelectric machine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2338216A2 true EP2338216A2 (en) | 2011-06-29 |
Family
ID=41479256
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP09782945A Withdrawn EP2338216A2 (en) | 2008-10-24 | 2009-09-14 | Dynamoelectric machine |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8350424B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2338216A2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102187549B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102008053090A1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2524170C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010046182A2 (en) |
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| ES2391440T3 (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2012-11-26 | Abb Oy | Stator and assembly method |
| MX342018B (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2016-09-08 | Romero Beltran Julian | Motor. |
| DE102014202056A1 (en) * | 2014-02-05 | 2015-09-17 | Magna Powertrain Ag & Co. Kg | Electric machine |
| DE102014202055A1 (en) * | 2014-02-05 | 2015-08-06 | Magna Powertrain Ag & Co. Kg | Electric machine |
| US20150280526A1 (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-10-01 | Remy Technologies, L.L.C. | Electric machine with heat transfer enhancer |
| DE102014221204B4 (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2017-04-06 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Hybrid module and method of manufacturing a hybrid module for a vehicle |
| US20160372982A1 (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2016-12-22 | Ward Leonard Investment Holdings, LLC | Motor |
| CN109314440B (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2022-04-12 | 阿特拉斯·科普柯工业技术公司 | Cooling apparatus and method for power tool |
| DE102016218741B4 (en) | 2016-09-28 | 2021-02-04 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Electric machine with improved cooling |
| US20190368821A1 (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2019-12-05 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Heat transfer apparatuses for oil and gas applications |
| WO2022270102A1 (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-12-29 | ジヤトコ株式会社 | Unit |
| US11911790B2 (en) | 2022-02-25 | 2024-02-27 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Applying corrosion inhibitor within tubulars |
| DE102022120773A1 (en) | 2022-08-17 | 2024-02-22 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Rotor for an electrical machine, in particular a motor vehicle, and electrical machine for a motor vehicle |
| CN118293085A (en) * | 2024-04-26 | 2024-07-05 | 长河悬浮科技(浙江)有限公司 | Pure air-cooled high-power high-speed centrifugal fan |
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| DE1264676B (en) * | 1960-01-20 | 1968-03-28 | Siemens Ag | Friction fan for cooling rotating machines, in particular electric motors and generators |
| US3715610A (en) * | 1972-03-07 | 1973-02-06 | Gen Electric | Dynamoelectric machine cooled by a rotating heat pipe |
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- 2009-09-14 CN CN200980141678.9A patent/CN102187549B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-09-14 RU RU2011120334/07A patent/RU2524170C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-09-14 US US13/125,759 patent/US8350424B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-09-14 WO PCT/EP2009/061841 patent/WO2010046182A2/en active Application Filing
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102008053090A1 (en) | 2010-04-29 |
| RU2011120334A (en) | 2012-11-27 |
| CN102187549A (en) | 2011-09-14 |
| US8350424B2 (en) | 2013-01-08 |
| CN102187549B (en) | 2014-09-17 |
| WO2010046182A2 (en) | 2010-04-29 |
| RU2524170C2 (en) | 2014-07-27 |
| WO2010046182A3 (en) | 2010-07-29 |
| US20110227431A1 (en) | 2011-09-22 |
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