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EP2329196A2 - Burner and method for operating a burner - Google Patents

Burner and method for operating a burner

Info

Publication number
EP2329196A2
EP2329196A2 EP09782950A EP09782950A EP2329196A2 EP 2329196 A2 EP2329196 A2 EP 2329196A2 EP 09782950 A EP09782950 A EP 09782950A EP 09782950 A EP09782950 A EP 09782950A EP 2329196 A2 EP2329196 A2 EP 2329196A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
channel
burner
fuel
swirl generator
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09782950A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2329196B1 (en
Inventor
Bernd Prade
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP09782950.1A priority Critical patent/EP2329196B1/en
Publication of EP2329196A2 publication Critical patent/EP2329196A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2329196B1 publication Critical patent/EP2329196B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
    • F23R3/10—Air inlet arrangements for primary air
    • F23R3/12—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex
    • F23R3/14—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex by using swirl vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/26—Controlling the air flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
    • F23R3/36—Supply of different fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23R2900/00002—Gas turbine combustors adapted for fuels having low heating value [LHV]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner comprising a channel with a mixing zone and with an oxidant supply, in particular air supply and at least one fuel supply for injecting fuel. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for operating such a burner.
  • the dry natural gas premixing combustion is used for low-emission natural gas combustion.
  • Premix burners typically include a premix zone in which air and fuel are mixed before passing the mixture into a combustion chamber. There, the mixture burns, producing a hot gas under elevated pressure. This hot gas is forwarded to the turbine.
  • the premix is particularly advantageous in terms of nitrogen oxide emissions, since in the premix flame due to the homogeneous mixture, a uniform flame temperature prevails. Nitrogen oxide formation increases exponentially with the flame temperature. In connection with the operation of premix burners, therefore, it is particularly important to keep the nitrogen oxide emissions low and uncontrolled combustion, e.g. to avoid a flashback.
  • Synthesis gas burners are characterized by the fact that synthesis gases are used as fuel in them. Compared with the traditional turbine fuels natural gas and petroleum, which consist essentially of hydrocarbon compounds, the combustible components of the synthesis gas are essentially carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Depending on the gasification process and the overall plant concept, the calorific value of the synthesis gas is about 5 to 10 times smaller than that of natural gas.
  • the main constituents of the synthesis gas are not only carbon monoxide and hydrogen but also inert fractions.
  • the inert fractions are nitrogen and / or water vapor and optionally carbon dioxide. Due to the low calorific value, high volume flows of fuel gas must be introduced into the combustion chamber.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a burner which is operable with both combustible natural gas, in particular natural gas and synthesis gas and eliminates the above-mentioned disadvantages. Another object is to provide a method of operating such a burner.
  • the first object is achieved by a burner according to claim 1.
  • the task related to the method is determined by the Specification of a method according to claim 12 solved.
  • the dependent claims contain further, advantageous embodiments of the invention.
  • the burner according to the invention comprises a channel with a mixing zone, in particular premixing zone and with an oxidant supply, in particular air supply and at least one fuel supply for injecting fuel, wherein in the channel a release agent is provided, which the channel over a wide range of the channel into at least two separate channels , namely a first channel and a second channel shares.
  • the single channel is thus divided into at least two channels, namely a first and a second channel.
  • Each of these emerging channels has a smaller volume than the total channel.
  • the additional, now resulting from the release agent second channel preferably the volume smaller channel can be acted upon depending on the mode.
  • the oxidizing agent is thus largely displaced here, the air in this second channel. Displacement is possible because it is, so to speak, an open second channel. This then flows through the separate first channel. This creates a largely diffusive
  • Synthesis gas operation The synthesis gas / resp. the synthesis gas oxidant mixture in the second channel exits at the same rate as the oxidant in the first channel. As a result, unwanted shearing can be avoided. Furthermore, the second channel and the first channel with an oxidizing agent, preferably air are applied. In addition, natural gas can then be injected into both channels, which are premixed in the premixing zone. This corresponds to a conventional operation with natural gas and premix.
  • a burner is operated with synthesis gas as well as with natural gas.
  • the invention also makes it possible that the synthesis gas operation largely corresponds to a diffusion operation, while the natural gas operation largely corresponds to a premixing principle. As a result, operation of, for example, a synthesis gas burner becomes economically attractive for operation with natural gas.
  • a central axis is provided, wherein the separating means is concentric with the central axis.
  • the release agent is arranged substantially on one of the streamlines.
  • the release agent of metal or a metal alloy in particular a metal sheet.
  • This is particularly easy and inexpensive to implement, and also has the necessary temperature resistance.
  • one or more inlet openings for fuel, in particular synthesis gas are provided. These can be mounted in the premixing channel on the channel side facing a central axis. Furthermore, a swirl generator with swirl blades, in particular an air swirl generator, is preferably provided.
  • the one or more fuel inlet ports are arranged upstream of the swirl vanes in the main flow direction. This type of arrangement results in an open second channel.
  • At least one fuel nozzle is provided and the fuel, in particular natural gas, can flow through the at least one fuel nozzle into an oxidant mass flow that is twisted by the swirl generator, in particular air swirl generator in the mixing zone, in particular the premix zone in particular air are injected.
  • the at least one fuel nozzle is preferably arranged in one or more consecutive rows downstream of the swirl generator, in particular of the air swirl generator.
  • the swirl generator for better swirling of the oxidizing agent, in particular the air swirl blades have.
  • An arrangement of the at least one fuel nozzle at these swirl blades is particularly advantageous, since a good mixing of the injected fuel with the oxidizing agent is established.
  • the second channel is less in volume than the first channel. If synthesis gas flows into this second channel during synthesis gas operation, the oxidant, that is to say the air, is displaced as far as possible on account of the selected volume. But also the remaining first channel has a reduced volume compared to the original undivided channel.
  • this is a significant advantage in relation to the requirements of a synthesis gas machine.
  • air is taken from the compressor end of the gas turbine and decomposed into its main components oxygen and nitrogen, depending on the concept. The oxygen is then used to produce syngas. Due to the air extraction, less air is finally available.
  • the inventive method for operating a burner with a channel comprises a mixing zone, in particular premixing zone, in which an oxidation mass flow and fuel is injected, wherein by means of a release agent in the channel and the at least two thereby formed separate first and second channel, two substantially separate flow paths be formed.
  • the currents are open to each other.
  • an additional now resulting flow path can now be used depending on the operating mode;
  • the additional flow path which carries the smaller flow is preferably used as a synthesis gas flow path. Because of this arrangement is then displaced in this part of the premixing of the oxidation mass flow and flows to the second flow path of the combustion chamber. Both flows exit the premixing zone with the same velocity profile, so that undesired shearing does not occur.
  • the mutually open paths cause that when operating with other fuels, especially natural gas a conventional natural gas operation is produced, that is, both flow paths lead a fuel / oxidant mixture to the combustion chamber.
  • the additional flow path either as a synthesis gas flow path or as a natural gas flow path, now advantageously has the same aerodynamics as a conventional natural gas premix burner.
  • the mixing zone in particular premixing zone of the method comprises a cone side and a hub side and / or a swirl generator, in particular hollow air swirl generator.
  • the fuel in particular natural gas, is injected into the mixing zone, in particular premixing zone, on the cone side and / or the hub side and / or via the swirl generators, in particular air swirl generators.
  • the fuel is preferably via the at least one swirl blade of the swirl generator in particular
  • the fuel, in particular synthesis gas is supplied via one or more inlet openings. These inlet openings can be arranged, for example, in the channel on the hub side in front of the swirl blades.
  • Show in it 1 shows a section through a part of the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through part of a further embodiment of a burner according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a section through a part of a burner with a channel 1.
  • the channel 1 comprises inter alia a mixing zone 2, a swirl generator 10 here as an air swirl generator 10 and one or more fuel nozzles 11.
  • the mixing zone 2 is radially symmetrical about the central axis 12 arranged.
  • the outer side of the zone 2 seen from the central axis 12 is referred to below as the cone side 3.
  • the side of the premixing zone 2 facing the central axis 12 is referred to below as the hub side 4.
  • an oxidant mass flow in particular an air mass flow 5
  • the air swirl generator 10 swirls the air mass flow 5 and forwards it into the zone 2. From there, the air mass flow 5 in the main flow direction 9 to the combustion chamber (not shown) forwarded.
  • One or more fuel nozzles 11 are located on the hub side 4 of the mixing zone 2.
  • the fuel nozzles 11 feed fuel, particularly natural gas, either vertically or at any other angle to the main flow direction 9 of the air mass flow 5 into the premixing zone 2.
  • the fuel nozzles 11 can be located both on the cone side 3 and on the hub side 4 of the premixing zone 2 or also in the swirl blades 10.
  • the burner 100 according to the invention comprises one or more inlet openings 14 (shown only in the upper part of the burner 100) for a gaseous fuel, here preferably synthesis gas, which are preferably located upstream of the swirl vanes 10 in the main flow direction 9.
  • a release agent 15 (shown only in the upper part of the burner 100) which divides the channel 1 over a wide range of the channel 1 in at least two separate channels 3a and 3b.
  • the release agent 15 is preferably designed as a sheet.
  • the separating means 15 is designed so that the hub side channel 3b is formed as the volume smaller channel, that is, the cross sectional area 17 of the hub side channel 3b along the axis A is less than the cross sectional area 18 of the channel 3a. If burner is operated with synthesis gas, the channel 3b is supplied with just that synthesis gas.
  • the air 5 is then largely displaced in the channel 3b and then flows mainly through the outer larger channel 3a. This largely causes a diffusive synthesis gas operation.
  • the channel 3a still has a smaller cross-sectional area 18 compared to a conventional channel without separator 15, which is also advantageous for the operation of a syngas burner since in a syngas burner the oxygen extracted from the air is used for syngas production.
  • air is preferably taken from the compressor.
  • the very fuel-rich synthesis gas / air mixture with approximately the same velocity profile from the channel 3b as the air of the channel 3a. This causes unwanted shearing to be avoided.
  • the hub-side channel 3b is supplied with air and, like the channel 3a, can be premixed with fuel.
  • the release agent 15 is placed on one of the streamlines (fluidic separation line). Compared to the conventional gas burner occur in this type of placement only minimal changes in operation. These can therefore also be integrated into existing burners.
  • FIG. 2 now shows a further exemplary embodiment of a burner 100 according to the invention.
  • the latter has a line 20 upstream of the channel 3b.
  • This line 20 is for example a tube.
  • a flap or a control valve 21 may be located within the conduit 20, a flap or a control valve 21 may be located.
  • the upstream end of the line 20 is connected to the gas turbine, that here also an air mass flow 5 can flow through.
  • the upstream end of the line 20 is therefore connected, for example, to the plenum and / or to the compressor and / or the compressor outlet, so that this air mass flow 5 can flow through.
  • the flap or the valve 20 is closed, so that no air flow 5 can flow through.
  • the channel 3b is thus acted upon solely with synthesis gas.
  • the channel 3a continues to be acted upon by an air mass flow 5, as also shown in FIG.
  • the valve or flap 20 can be controlled manually or automatically. If the burner according to the invention of FIG. 2 is now operated with, for example, natural gas, the flap / valve 20 is opened. The air mass flow 5 thus also flows through the channel 3b.
  • High calorific fuel is injected via standard natural gas inlets. The burner thus again corresponds to a standard natural gas premix burner with low NOx values. In this burner design can thus be controlled and changed very quickly between synthesis gas and natural gas.
  • a channel provided with a separating agent can thus be divided into at least two channels, wherein one of the two channels, preferably the smaller volume channel, can be used as a synthesis gas passage or as a second air passage.
  • a release agent in natural gas operation on the same aerodynamics as in the conventional burner.
  • the burner can thus be simultaneously operated according to the invention as a synthesis gas burner and Ergas (premix) burner.
  • any other high-calorie fuel can be used, such as fuel oil.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a burner (100) and to a method for operating a burner (100). The burner (100) comprises a channel (1) having a mixing zone (2) and having a feed for an oxidation means, particularly an air feed (16), and at least one fuel feed for injecting fuel, wherein a separating means (15) which divides the channel (1) over a wide range of the channel into at least two separated channels, namely a first channel (3a) and a second channel (3b), is provided in the channel (1). The method for operating a burner (100) having a channel (1) comprises a pre-mixing zone (2) into which an oxidation mass flow and fuel are injected, wherein two substantially separate flow paths are formed by means of a separating means (15) in the channel (1) and the at least two separated first and second channels (3a), (3b) formed by said separating means.

Description

Beschreibungdescription
Brenner und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines BrennersBurner and method of operating a burner
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Brenner umfassend einen Kanal mit einer Mischzone und mit einer Oxidationsmittelzufuhr, insbesondere Luftzufuhr und mindestens einer Brennstoffzufuhr zum Eindüsen von Brennstoff. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines solchen Brenners.The invention relates to a burner comprising a channel with a mixing zone and with an oxidant supply, in particular air supply and at least one fuel supply for injecting fuel. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for operating such a burner.
Die trockene Erdgasvormischungverbrennung wird für die Schadstoffarme Erdgasverbrennung genutzt. Vormischbrenner umfassen typischerweise eine Vormischzone, in der Luft und Brennstoff vermischt werden, bevor das Gemisch in eine Brennkammer geleitet wird. Dort verbrennt das Gemisch, wobei ein unter erhöhtem Druck stehendes Heißgas erzeugt wird. Dieses Heißgas wird zur Turbine weitergeleitet. Die Vormischung ist insbesondere vorteilhaft hinsichtlich der Stickoxidemissionen, da in der Vormischflamme aufgrund des homogenen Gemisches eine gleichmäßige Flammentemperatur herrscht. Die Stickoxidbildung steigt exponentiell mit der Flammentemperatur. Im Zusammenhang mit dem Betrieb von Vormischbrennern kommt es daher vor allem darauf an, die Stickoxidemissionen gering zu halten und unkontrollierte Verbrennung z.B. einen Flammenrückschlag zu vermeiden.The dry natural gas premixing combustion is used for low-emission natural gas combustion. Premix burners typically include a premix zone in which air and fuel are mixed before passing the mixture into a combustion chamber. There, the mixture burns, producing a hot gas under elevated pressure. This hot gas is forwarded to the turbine. The premix is particularly advantageous in terms of nitrogen oxide emissions, since in the premix flame due to the homogeneous mixture, a uniform flame temperature prevails. Nitrogen oxide formation increases exponentially with the flame temperature. In connection with the operation of premix burners, therefore, it is particularly important to keep the nitrogen oxide emissions low and uncontrolled combustion, e.g. to avoid a flashback.
Synthesegas-Brenner zeichnen sich dadurch aus, dass in ihnen Synthesegase als Brennstoff verwendet werden. Verglichen mit den klassischen Turbinenbrennstoffen Erdgas und Erdöl, die im Wesentlichen aus Kohlenwasserstoffverbindungen bestehen, sind die brennbaren Bestandteile der Synthesegase im Wesentlichen Kohlenmonoxid und Wasserstoff. Abhängig vom Vergasungsverfahren und dem Gesamtanlagenkonzept ist der Heizwert des Synthesegases etwa 5- bis 10-mal kleiner als der von Erdgas.Synthesis gas burners are characterized by the fact that synthesis gases are used as fuel in them. Compared with the traditional turbine fuels natural gas and petroleum, which consist essentially of hydrocarbon compounds, the combustible components of the synthesis gas are essentially carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Depending on the gasification process and the overall plant concept, the calorific value of the synthesis gas is about 5 to 10 times smaller than that of natural gas.
Neben der stöchiometrischen Verbrennungstemperatur des Synthesegases ist die Mischungsgüte zwischen Synthesegas und Luft an der Flammenfront eine wesentliche Einflussgröße zur Vermeidung von Temperaturspitzen und somit zur Minimierung der thermischen Stickoxidbildung.In addition to the stoichiometric combustion temperature of the synthesis gas, the mixing quality between synthesis gas and Air at the flame front a significant factor to avoid temperature peaks and thus to minimize the thermal nitric oxide formation.
Hauptbestandteile der Synthesegase sind neben Kohlenmonoxid und Wasserstoff auch inerte Anteile. Bei den inerten Anteilen handelt es sich um Stickstoff und/oder Wasserdampf und gegebenenfalls noch Kohlendioxid. Bedingt durch den geringen Heizwert müssen hohe Volumenströme an Brenngas in die Brennkammer eingeleitet werden.The main constituents of the synthesis gas are not only carbon monoxide and hydrogen but also inert fractions. The inert fractions are nitrogen and / or water vapor and optionally carbon dioxide. Due to the low calorific value, high volume flows of fuel gas must be introduced into the combustion chamber.
Derzeitige Synthesegas-Brennkammern sind aufgrund der hohen Reaktivität als Diffusionsbrennkammer ausgebildet. Dampf oder Stickstoff wird üblicherweise als ein Verdünnungsmittel benutzt, um die thermische NOx-Bildung zu reduzieren. DieCurrent synthesis gas combustion chambers are formed as a diffusion combustion chamber due to the high reactivity. Steam or nitrogen is commonly used as a diluent to reduce thermal NOx formation. The
Verwendung von Dampf/Stickstoff als ein Verdünnungsmittel in der Synthesegasverbrennung vermindert den maximalen Wirkungsgrad der Gesamtanlage.Use of steam / nitrogen as a diluent in syngas combustion reduces the maximum efficiency of the overall plant.
Alle bisherigen Synthesegasbrenner erfordern die Zugabe bzw. Zumischung von einem Inertisierungsmedium (Dampf) zur Senkung der Spitzentemperaturen und damit der NOx- Emissionen. Wegen des zugrunde liegenden Designs der Synthesegasbrenner mit Synthesegas als Primärbrennstoff wären aber sehr große Mengen an Inertisierungsmedium notwendig, was den Betrieb mit Erdgas wirtschaftlich unattraktiv macht, z.B. wenn auch im Erdgasbetrieb das Konzept der Diffusionsverbrennung mit Zugabe eines Inertisierungsmedium eingesetzt wird. .All previous synthesis gas burners require the addition or admixture of an inerting medium (steam) to lower the peak temperatures and thus the NOx emissions. However, because of the underlying design of the synthesis gas burners with synthesis gas as the primary fuel, very large amounts of inerting medium would be necessary, rendering the operation of natural gas economically unattractive, e.g. although in natural gas operation the concept of diffusion combustion with the addition of an inerting medium is used. ,
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, einen Brenner anzugeben, der sowohl mit brennbaren Naturgas, insbesondere Erdgas als auch Synthesegas betreibbar ist und die oben erwähnten Nachteile beseitigt. Eine weitere Aufgabe ist die Angabe eines Verfahrens zum Betrieb einen solchen Brenners.Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a burner which is operable with both combustible natural gas, in particular natural gas and synthesis gas and eliminates the above-mentioned disadvantages. Another object is to provide a method of operating such a burner.
Die erste Aufgabe wird durch einen Brenner nach Anspruch 1 gelöst. Die auf das Verfahren bezogene Aufgabe wird durch die Angabe eines Verfahrens nach Anspruch 12 gelöst. Die abhängigen Ansprüche enthalten weitere, vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung.The first object is achieved by a burner according to claim 1. The task related to the method is determined by the Specification of a method according to claim 12 solved. The dependent claims contain further, advantageous embodiments of the invention.
Der erfindungsgemäße Brenner umfasst einen Kanal mit einer Mischzone, insbesondere Vormischzone und mit einer Oxidationsmittelzufuhr, insbesondere Luftzufuhr und mindestens einer Brennstoffzufuhr zum Eindüsen von Brennstoff, wobei im Kanal ein Trennmittel vorgesehen ist, welcher den Kanal über einen weiten Bereich des Kanals in mindestens zwei getrennte Kanäle, nämlich einen ersten Kanal und einenzweiten Kanal teilt.The burner according to the invention comprises a channel with a mixing zone, in particular premixing zone and with an oxidant supply, in particular air supply and at least one fuel supply for injecting fuel, wherein in the channel a release agent is provided, which the channel over a wide range of the channel into at least two separate channels , namely a first channel and a second channel shares.
Erfindungsgemäß wird somit der einzelne Kanal in mindestens zwei Kanäle, nämlich einen ersten sowie einen zweiten Kanal geteilt. Dabei hat jeder dieser entstehenden Kanäle ein geringeres Volumen als der Gesamtkanal. Der zusätzliche, nun durch das Trennmittel entstehende zweite Kanal, bevorzugt der volumenmäßig geringere Kanal kann dabei je nach Betriebsart beaufschlagt werden. Bei Eindüsung von Synthesegas in diesen zweiten Kanal wird das Oxidationsmittel also hier die Luft in diesem zweiten Kanal weitgehend verdrängt. Eine Verdrängung ist möglich, da es sich sozusagen um einen offenen zweiten Kanal handelt. Diese strömt dann durch den getrennten ersten Kanal. Dadurch entsteht weitestgehend ein diffusiverAccording to the invention, the single channel is thus divided into at least two channels, namely a first and a second channel. Each of these emerging channels has a smaller volume than the total channel. The additional, now resulting from the release agent second channel, preferably the volume smaller channel can be acted upon depending on the mode. In the case of injection of synthesis gas into this second channel, the oxidizing agent is thus largely displaced here, the air in this second channel. Displacement is possible because it is, so to speak, an open second channel. This then flows through the separate first channel. This creates a largely diffusive
Synthesegasbetrieb. Das Synthesegas/bzw. das Synthesegas- Oxidationsmittel-Gemisch in dem zweiten Kanal tritt mit der gleichen Geschwindigkeit wie das Oxidationsmittel im ersten Kanal aus. Dadurch werden unerwünschte Scherungen vermieden. Weiterhin können der zweite Kanal sowie der erste Kanal mit einem Oxidationsmittel, bevorzugt Luft beaufschlagt werden. Zusätzlich kann anschließend in beide Kanäle Erdgas eingedüst werden, welche in der Vormischzone vorgemischt werden. Dies entspricht einem herkömmlichen Betrieb mit Erdgas und Vormischung.Synthesis gas operation. The synthesis gas / resp. the synthesis gas oxidant mixture in the second channel exits at the same rate as the oxidant in the first channel. As a result, unwanted shearing can be avoided. Furthermore, the second channel and the first channel with an oxidizing agent, preferably air are applied. In addition, natural gas can then be injected into both channels, which are premixed in the premixing zone. This corresponds to a conventional operation with natural gas and premix.
Mittels der Erfindung wird es also ermöglicht, dass ein Brenner mit Synthesegas als auch mit Erdgas betrieben wird. Die Erfindung macht es weiterhin möglich, dass der Synthesegasbetrieb weitestgehend einem Diffusionsbetrieb entspricht, während der Erdgasbetrieb weitestgehend einem Vormischprinzip entspricht. Dadurch wird ein Betrieb beispielsweise eines Synthesegasbrenners wirtschaftlich attraktiv für den Betrieb mit Erdgas.By means of the invention, it is thus possible that a burner is operated with synthesis gas as well as with natural gas. The invention also makes it possible that the synthesis gas operation largely corresponds to a diffusion operation, while the natural gas operation largely corresponds to a premixing principle. As a result, operation of, for example, a synthesis gas burner becomes economically attractive for operation with natural gas.
Bevorzugt ist eine Mittelachse vorgesehen, wobei das Trennmittel zur Mittelachse konzentrisch ist. In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung ist das Trennmittel im Wesentlichen auf einer der Stromlinien angeordnet. Dadurch entstehen strömungstechnisch gesehen keine unkontrollierbaren Turbulenzen. Zudem entspricht diese Art der Realisierung lediglich einer geringfügigen Änderung gegenüber herkömmlichen Standardbrennern, was wiederum von großem wirtschaftlichem Vorteil ist.Preferably, a central axis is provided, wherein the separating means is concentric with the central axis. In a preferred embodiment, the release agent is arranged substantially on one of the streamlines. As a result, there are no uncontrollable turbulences in terms of flow technology. In addition, this type of implementation corresponds to only a slight change compared to conventional standard burners, which in turn is of great economic advantage.
Bevorzugt ist das Trennmittel aus Metall oder einer Metalllegierung, insbesondere ein Blech. Dies ist besonders einfach und kostengünstig zu realisieren, und weist überdies noch die notwendige Temperaturbeständigkeit auf.Preferably, the release agent of metal or a metal alloy, in particular a metal sheet. This is particularly easy and inexpensive to implement, and also has the necessary temperature resistance.
In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung sind eine oder mehrere Einlassöffnungen für Brennstoff insbesondere Synthesegas vorgesehen. Diese können im Vormischkanal an der zu einer der Mittelachse zugewandeten Kanalseite angebracht sein. Weiterhin ist bevorzugt ein Drallerzeuger mit Drallschaufeln, insbesondere ein Luftdrallerzeuger vorgesehen. Hierbei sind die eine oder mehrere Einlassöffnungen für Brennstoff stromaufwärts der Drallschaufeln in Hauptströmungsrichtung angeordnet. Durch diese Art der Anordnung ergibt sich ein offener zweiter Kanal.In a preferred embodiment, one or more inlet openings for fuel, in particular synthesis gas are provided. These can be mounted in the premixing channel on the channel side facing a central axis. Furthermore, a swirl generator with swirl blades, in particular an air swirl generator, is preferably provided. Here, the one or more fuel inlet ports are arranged upstream of the swirl vanes in the main flow direction. This type of arrangement results in an open second channel.
Bevorzugt ist mindestens eine Brennstoffdüse vorgesehen und der Brennstoff, insbesondere Erdgas kann durch die mindestens eine Brennstoffdüse in einen von dem Drallerzeuger, insbesondere Luftdrallerzeuger in der Mischzone, insbesondere Vormischzone verdrallten Oxidationsmittelmassenstrom insbesondere Luft eingedüst werden. Bevorzugt ist dabei die mindestens eine Brennstoffdüse in einer oder mehreren hintereinander liegenden Reihen stromabwärts des Drallerzeugers, insbesondere des Luftdrallerzeugers, angeordnet. Hierbei können die Drallerzeuger zur besseren Verwirbelung des Oxidationsmittels insbesondere der Luft Drallschaufeln aufweisen. Eine Anordnung der mindestens einen Brennstoffdüse an diesen Drallschaufeln ist besonders vorteilhaft, da sich eine gute Durchmischung des eingedüsten Brennstoffs mit dem Oxidationsmittel einstellt.Preferably, at least one fuel nozzle is provided and the fuel, in particular natural gas, can flow through the at least one fuel nozzle into an oxidant mass flow that is twisted by the swirl generator, in particular air swirl generator in the mixing zone, in particular the premix zone in particular air are injected. In this case, the at least one fuel nozzle is preferably arranged in one or more consecutive rows downstream of the swirl generator, in particular of the air swirl generator. Here, the swirl generator for better swirling of the oxidizing agent, in particular the air swirl blades have. An arrangement of the at least one fuel nozzle at these swirl blades is particularly advantageous, since a good mixing of the injected fuel with the oxidizing agent is established.
Bevorzugt ist der zweite Kanal in Bezug auf sein Volumen geringer als der erste Kanal. Wird in diesen zweiten Kanal bei Synthesegasbetrieb Synthesegas eingeströmt, so wird aufgrund des gewählten Volumens, das Oxidationsmittel, das heißt die Luft weitestgehend verdrängt. Aber auch der verbleibende erste Kanal hat gegenüber dem ursprünglichen ungeteilten Kanal ein verringertes Volumen. Dies ist jedoch in Bezug auf die Anforderungen einer Synthesegasmaschine von wesentlichem Vorteil. Zur Erzeugung des Synthesegases wird nämlich je nach Konzept am Verdichterende der Gasturbine Luft entnommen und in ihre Hauptbestandteile Sauerstoff und Stickstoff zerlegt. Der Sauerstoff wird anschließend zur Synthesegaserzeugung verwendet. Aufgrund der Luftentnahme steht schließlich weniger Luft zur Verfügung.Preferably, the second channel is less in volume than the first channel. If synthesis gas flows into this second channel during synthesis gas operation, the oxidant, that is to say the air, is displaced as far as possible on account of the selected volume. But also the remaining first channel has a reduced volume compared to the original undivided channel. However, this is a significant advantage in relation to the requirements of a synthesis gas machine. To generate the synthesis gas, air is taken from the compressor end of the gas turbine and decomposed into its main components oxygen and nitrogen, depending on the concept. The oxygen is then used to produce syngas. Due to the air extraction, less air is finally available.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Brenners mit einem Kanal umfasst eine Mischzone, insbesondere Vormischzone, in die ein Oxidationsmassenstrom und Brennstoff eingedüst wird, wobei mittels eines Trennmittels im Kanal und die mindestens zwei sich dadurch ausbildenden getrennten erster und zweiter Kanal, zwei im Wesentlichen separate Strömungspfade ausgebildet werden. Die Strömungen sind zueinander geöffnet. Dabei kann der eine zusätzliche nun entstehende Strömungspfad nun eben je nach Betriebsart benutzt werden; dabei wird der zusätzliche Strömungspfad, welcher die kleinere Strömung führt, bevorzugt als ein Synthesegasströmungspfad verwendet. Aufgrund dieser Anordnung wird dann in diesem Teil der Vormischstrecke der Oxidationsmassenstrom verdrängt und strömt auf den zweiten Strömungspfad der Brennkammer zu. Beide Strömungen treten mit demselben Geschwindigkeitsprofil aus der Vormischzone aus, so dass unerwünschte Scherungen nicht auftreten. Dies entspricht einem herkömmlichen Synthesegasbetrieb. Die zueinander geöffneten Pfade bewirken, dass bei Betreiben mit anderen Brennstoffen, hier vor allem Erdgas ein herkömmlicher Erdgasbetrieb hergestellt wird, das heißt, beide Strömungspfade führen ein Brennstoff/Oxidationsmittel-Gemisch zur Brennkammer. Der zusätzliche Strömungspfad entweder als Synthesegasströmungspfad oder als Erdgasströmungspfad weist nun vorteilhafterweise die gleiche Aerodynamik wie ein herkömmlichen Erdgasvormischbrenner auf.The inventive method for operating a burner with a channel comprises a mixing zone, in particular premixing zone, in which an oxidation mass flow and fuel is injected, wherein by means of a release agent in the channel and the at least two thereby formed separate first and second channel, two substantially separate flow paths be formed. The currents are open to each other. In this case, an additional now resulting flow path can now be used depending on the operating mode; In this case, the additional flow path which carries the smaller flow is preferably used as a synthesis gas flow path. Because of this arrangement is then displaced in this part of the premixing of the oxidation mass flow and flows to the second flow path of the combustion chamber. Both flows exit the premixing zone with the same velocity profile, so that undesired shearing does not occur. This corresponds to a conventional synthesis gas operation. The mutually open paths cause that when operating with other fuels, especially natural gas a conventional natural gas operation is produced, that is, both flow paths lead a fuel / oxidant mixture to the combustion chamber. The additional flow path, either as a synthesis gas flow path or as a natural gas flow path, now advantageously has the same aerodynamics as a conventional natural gas premix burner.
In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung umfasst die Mischzone, insbesondere Vormischzone des Verfahrens eine Konusseite und eine Nabenseite und /oder einen Drallerzeuger, insbesondere hohle Luftdrallerzeuger. Der Brennstoff, insbesondere Erdgas wird an der Konusseite und/oder der Nabenseite und/oder über die Drallerzeuger insbesondere Luftdrallerzeuger in die Mischzone, insbesondere Vormischzone eingedüst.In a preferred embodiment, the mixing zone, in particular premixing zone of the method comprises a cone side and a hub side and / or a swirl generator, in particular hollow air swirl generator. The fuel, in particular natural gas, is injected into the mixing zone, in particular premixing zone, on the cone side and / or the hub side and / or via the swirl generators, in particular air swirl generators.
Bevorzugt wird der Brennstoff über die mindestens eine Drallschaufel der Drallerzeuger insbesondereThe fuel is preferably via the at least one swirl blade of the swirl generator in particular
Luftdrallerzeuger in die Mischzone, insbesondere Vormischzone eingedüst. In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung wird der Brennstoff, insbesondere Synthesegas über eine oder mehrere Einlassöffnungen zugeführt. Diese Einlassöffnungen können beispielsweise im Kanal an der Nabenseite vor den Drallschaufeln angeordnet sein.Air swirl generator injected into the mixing zone, in particular Vormischzone. In a preferred embodiment, the fuel, in particular synthesis gas is supplied via one or more inlet openings. These inlet openings can be arranged, for example, in the channel on the hub side in front of the swirl blades.
Weitere Merkmale, Eigenschaften und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die beiliegenden Figuren beschrieben.Further features, properties and advantages of the present invention will be described below by means of an embodiment with reference to the accompanying figures.
Darin zeigen FIG 1 einen Schnitt durch einen Teil des erfindungsgemäßenShow in it 1 shows a section through a part of the invention
Brenners,burner,
FIG 2 einen Schnitt durch einen Teil eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Brenners.2 shows a section through part of a further embodiment of a burner according to the invention.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf die Figur 1 genauer beschrieben. Die Figur 1 zeigt schematisch einen Schnitt durch einen Teil eines Brenners mit einem Kanal 1. Der Kanal 1 umfasst unter anderem eine Mischzone 2, einen Drallerzeuger 10 hier als Luftdrallerzeuger 10 ausgebildet und eine oder mehrere Brennstoffdüsen 11. Die Mischzone 2 ist radialsymmetrisch um die Mittelachse 12 angeordnet. Die von der Mittelachse 12 aus gesehen äußere Seite der Zone 2 wird nachfolgend als Konusseite 3 bezeichnet. Die der Mittelachse 12 zugewandten Seite der Vormischzone 2 wird nachfolgend als Nabenseite 4 bezeichnet.The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to FIG. 1 shows schematically a section through a part of a burner with a channel 1. The channel 1 comprises inter alia a mixing zone 2, a swirl generator 10 here as an air swirl generator 10 and one or more fuel nozzles 11. The mixing zone 2 is radially symmetrical about the central axis 12 arranged. The outer side of the zone 2 seen from the central axis 12 is referred to below as the cone side 3. The side of the premixing zone 2 facing the central axis 12 is referred to below as the hub side 4.
Über eine Zufuhr insbesondere Luftzufuhr 16 gelangt ein Oxidationsmittelmassenstrom insbesondere ein Luftmassenstrom 5 zum Luftdrallerzeuger 10; die Strömungsrichtung des zugeführten Luftmassenstromes ist durch Pfeile 5 gekennzeichnet. Hierbei kann es sich auch schon um ein angereichertes Luft/Brennstoff -Gemisch handeln. Der Luftdrallerzeuger 10 verdrallt den Luftmassenstrom 5 und leitet diesen in die Zone 2 weiter. Von dort aus wird der Luftmassenstrom 5 in Hauptströmungsrichtung 9 zur Brennkammer (nicht dargestellt) weitergeleitet.Via an inlet, in particular air supply 16, an oxidant mass flow, in particular an air mass flow 5, reaches the air swirl generator 10; the direction of flow of the supplied air mass flow is indicated by arrows 5. This may already be an enriched air / fuel mixture. The air swirl generator 10 swirls the air mass flow 5 and forwards it into the zone 2. From there, the air mass flow 5 in the main flow direction 9 to the combustion chamber (not shown) forwarded.
An der Nabenseite 4 der Mischzone 2 befinden sich eine oder mehrere Brennstoffdüsen 11. Durch die Brennstoffdüsen 11 wird Brennstoff besonders Erdgas entweder senkrecht oder auch in einem beliebigen anderen Winkel zur Hauptströmungsrichtung 9 des Luftmassenstroms 5 in die Vormischzone 2 geleitet. Grundsätzlich können sich die Brennstoffdüsen 11 sowohl an der Konusseite 3 als auch an der Nabenseite 4 der Vormischzone 2 oder auch in den Drallschaufeln 10 befinden. Zusätzlich umfasst der erfindungsgemäße Brenner 100 eine oder mehrere Einlassöffnungen 14 (nur im oberen Teil des Brenners 100 dargestellt) für einen gasförmigen Brennstoff hier bevorzugt Synthesegas, welche sich bevorzugt stromaufwärts der Drallschaufeln 10 in Hauptströmungsrichtung 9 befinden.One or more fuel nozzles 11 are located on the hub side 4 of the mixing zone 2. The fuel nozzles 11 feed fuel, particularly natural gas, either vertically or at any other angle to the main flow direction 9 of the air mass flow 5 into the premixing zone 2. In principle, the fuel nozzles 11 can be located both on the cone side 3 and on the hub side 4 of the premixing zone 2 or also in the swirl blades 10. In addition, the burner 100 according to the invention comprises one or more inlet openings 14 (shown only in the upper part of the burner 100) for a gaseous fuel, here preferably synthesis gas, which are preferably located upstream of the swirl vanes 10 in the main flow direction 9.
Konzentrisch zu der Mittelachse 12 ist im Brenner 100 im Kanal 1 ein Trennmittel 15 (nur im oberen Teil des Brenners 100 dargestellt) vorgesehen, welcher den Kanal 1 über einen weiten Bereich des Kanals 1 in mindestens zwei getrennte Kanäle 3a und 3b teilt. Dabei ist das Trennmittel 15 bevorzugt als Blech ausgeführt. Dabei wird das Trennmittel 15 so ausgeführt, dass der nabenseitige Kanal 3b als der volumenmäßig kleinere Kanal ausgebildet ist, das heißt die Querschnittsfläche 17 des nabenseitigen Kanals 3b entlang der Achse A ist geringer als die Querschnittsfläche 18 des Kanals 3a. Wird Brenner mit Synthesegas betrieben, so wird der Kanal 3b mit eben jenem Synthesegas beaufschlagt. Wegen der gewählten Querschnittsfläche wird dann in dem Kanal 3b die Luft 5 weitgehend verdrängt und strömt dann hauptsächlich durch den äußeren größeren Kanal 3a. Dadurch wird weitgehend ein diffusiver Synthesegasbetrieb hervorgerufen. Der Kanal 3a hat jedoch weiterhin einen im Vergleich zu einem herkömmlichen ohne Trennmittel 15 behafteten Kanal eine geringere Querschnittsfläche 18, was ebenfalls vorteilhaft für den Betrieb eines Synthesegasbrenners ist, da in einem Synthesegasbrenner der aus der Luft extrahierte Sauerstoff zur Synthesegaserzeugung verwendet wird. Hierzu wird bevorzugt Luft am Verdichter entnommen.Concentric with the central axis 12 in the burner 100 in the channel 1, a release agent 15 (shown only in the upper part of the burner 100) is provided which divides the channel 1 over a wide range of the channel 1 in at least two separate channels 3a and 3b. The release agent 15 is preferably designed as a sheet. In this case, the separating means 15 is designed so that the hub side channel 3b is formed as the volume smaller channel, that is, the cross sectional area 17 of the hub side channel 3b along the axis A is less than the cross sectional area 18 of the channel 3a. If burner is operated with synthesis gas, the channel 3b is supplied with just that synthesis gas. Because of the selected cross-sectional area, the air 5 is then largely displaced in the channel 3b and then flows mainly through the outer larger channel 3a. This largely causes a diffusive synthesis gas operation. However, the channel 3a still has a smaller cross-sectional area 18 compared to a conventional channel without separator 15, which is also advantageous for the operation of a syngas burner since in a syngas burner the oxygen extracted from the air is used for syngas production. For this purpose, air is preferably taken from the compressor.
Darüber hinaus tritt vorteilhafterweise das sehr brennstoffreiche Synthesegas/Luftgemisch mit etwa gleichem Geschwindigkeitsprofil aus dem Kanal 3b aus wie die Luft des Kanals 3a. Dies bewirkt, dass unerwünschte Scherungen vermieden werden. Im normalen Gasbetrieb insbesondere Erdgasbetrieb wird der nabenseitige Kanal 3b mit Luft beaufschlagt und kann wie der Kanal 3a mit Brennstoff vorgemischt werden.In addition, advantageously, the very fuel-rich synthesis gas / air mixture with approximately the same velocity profile from the channel 3b as the air of the channel 3a. This causes unwanted shearing to be avoided. In normal gas operation, in particular natural gas operation, the hub-side channel 3b is supplied with air and, like the channel 3a, can be premixed with fuel.
Bevorzugt wird das Trennmittel 15 auf einer der Stromlinien (strömungstechnischen Trennlinie) platziert. Gegenüber dem herkömmlichen Gasbrenner treten bei dieser Art der Platzierung nur minimale Änderungen im Betrieb auf. Diese können daher auch in bestehende Brenner integriert werden.Preferably, the release agent 15 is placed on one of the streamlines (fluidic separation line). Compared to the conventional gas burner occur in this type of placement only minimal changes in operation. These can therefore also be integrated into existing burners.
FIG 2 zeigt nun ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brenners 100. Dieser weist stromauf des Kanals 3b eine Leitung 20 auf. Diese Leitung 20 ist beispielsweise ein Rohr. Innerhalb der Leitung 20 kann sich eine Klappe oder eine Regelventil 21 befinden. Das stromaufwärtige Ende der Leitung 20 ist derart mit der Gasturbine verbunden, dass hier ebenfalls ein Luftmassenstrom 5 durchströmen kann. Das stromaufwärtige Ende der Leitung 20 ist daher beispielsweise mit dem Plenum oder/und mit dem Verdichter oder/und dem Verdichterausgang verbunden, so dass dieser Luftmassenstrom 5 durchströmen kann.FIG. 2 now shows a further exemplary embodiment of a burner 100 according to the invention. The latter has a line 20 upstream of the channel 3b. This line 20 is for example a tube. Within the conduit 20, a flap or a control valve 21 may be located. The upstream end of the line 20 is connected to the gas turbine, that here also an air mass flow 5 can flow through. The upstream end of the line 20 is therefore connected, for example, to the plenum and / or to the compressor and / or the compressor outlet, so that this air mass flow 5 can flow through.
Wird der erfindungsgemäßen Brenner der FIG 2 nun mit Synthesegas betrieben, so wird die Klappe bzw. das Ventil 20 geschlossen, so dass kein Luftstrom 5 durchströmen kann. Der Kanal 3b ist somit alleinig mit Synthesegas beaufschlagt. Der Kanal 3a wird jedoch weiterhin, wie auch in der FIG 1, mit einem Luftmassenstrom 5 beaufschlagt. Das Ventil oder die Klappe 20 können manuell oder automatisiert gesteuert werden. Wird der erfindungsgemäßen Brenner der FIG 2 nun mit beispielsweise Erdgas betrieben, so wird die Klappe/das Ventil 20 geöffnet. Der Luftmassenstrom 5 strömt somit auch durch den Kanal 3b. Hochkalorischer Brennstoff wird über Standard-Erdgaseinlassöffnungen eingedüst. Der Brenner entspricht somit wieder einem Standard-Erdgasvormischbrenner mit niedrigen NOx-Werten. Bei dieser Brenner-Ausgestaltung kann somit kontrolliert und sehr schnell zwischen Synthesegas und Erdgas gewechselt werden .If the burner according to the invention of FIG. 2 is now operated with synthesis gas, then the flap or the valve 20 is closed, so that no air flow 5 can flow through. The channel 3b is thus acted upon solely with synthesis gas. However, the channel 3a continues to be acted upon by an air mass flow 5, as also shown in FIG. The valve or flap 20 can be controlled manually or automatically. If the burner according to the invention of FIG. 2 is now operated with, for example, natural gas, the flap / valve 20 is opened. The air mass flow 5 thus also flows through the channel 3b. High calorific fuel is injected via standard natural gas inlets. The burner thus again corresponds to a standard natural gas premix burner with low NOx values. In this burner design can thus be controlled and changed very quickly between synthesis gas and natural gas.
Erfindungsgemäß lässt sich somit ein mit einem Trennmittel versehener Kanal in mindestens zwei Kanäle aufteilen, wobei einer der beiden Kanäle, bevorzugt der volumenmäßig kleinere Kanal als Synthesegaspassage oder als zweite Luftpassage verwendbar ist. Vorteilhafterweise weist ein solches Trennmittel im Erdgasbetrieb die gleiche Aerodynamik wie im herkömmlichen Brenner auf. Der Brenner kann somit gleichzeitig erfindungsgemäß als Synthesegasbrenner und Ergas (vormisch) brenner betrieben werden. Anstatt Erdgas kann auch jeder andere hochkalorische Brennstoff verwendet werden, beispielsweise Heizöl.According to the invention, a channel provided with a separating agent can thus be divided into at least two channels, wherein one of the two channels, preferably the smaller volume channel, can be used as a synthesis gas passage or as a second air passage. Advantageously, such a release agent in natural gas operation on the same aerodynamics as in the conventional burner. The burner can thus be simultaneously operated according to the invention as a synthesis gas burner and Ergas (premix) burner. Instead of natural gas, any other high-calorie fuel can be used, such as fuel oil.
Durch das erfindungsgemäße Trennmittel wird somit ein Brenner offenbart, welcher sowohl im Synthesegasbetrieb als auch im normalen Erdgasvormischbetrieb niedrige NOx-Werte vorweisen kann . By the release agent according to the invention thus a burner is disclosed, which can exhibit low NOx values both in the synthesis gas operation as well as in normal natural gas premixing.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Brenner (100) umfassend einen Kanal (1) mit einer Mischzone, insbesondere Vormischzone (2) und mit einer Oxidationsmittelzufuhr insbesondere Luftzufuhr (16) und mindestens einer Brennstoffzufuhr zum Eindüsen von Brennstoff, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s im Kanal (1) ein Trennmittel (15) vorgesehen ist, welcher den Kanal (1) über einen weiten Bereich des Kanals in mindestens zwei getrennte Kanäle, nämlich einen ersten Kanal (3a) und einen zweiten Kanal (3b) teilt.1. burner (100) comprising a channel (1) with a mixing zone, in particular premixing zone (2) and with an oxidant supply, in particular air supply (16) and at least one fuel supply for injecting fuel, characterized in that in the channel (1) a release agent ( 15) is provided which divides the channel (1) over a wide area of the channel into at least two separate channels, namely a first channel (3a) and a second channel (3b).
2. Brenner (100) umfassend einen Kanal (1) nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s eine2. burner (100) comprising a channel (1) according to claim 1, d a d u c h e c e n e c i n e t, d a s s a
Mittelachse (12) vorgesehen ist, und das Trennmittel (15) zur Mittelachse (12) konzentrisch ist.Central axis (12) is provided, and the separating means (15) to the central axis (12) is concentric.
3. Brenner (100) umfassend einen Kanal (1) nach Anspruch 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s das3. burner (100) comprising a channel (1) according to claim 2, d a d u c h e c e n e s i n e s, d a s s that
Trennmittel (15) im Wesentlichen auf einer der Stromlinien angeordnet ist.Separating means (15) is arranged substantially on one of the streamlines.
4. Brenner (100) umfassend einen Kanal (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1-3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s Trennmittel (15) aus Metall oder einer Metalllegierung, insbesondere ein Blech ist.4. burner (100) comprising a channel (1) according to any one of claims 1-3, d a d u c h e c e n e c e n e, which is a separating means (15) made of metal or a metal alloy, in particular a sheet metal.
5. Brenner (100) umfassend einen Kanal (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s eine oder mehrere Einlassöffnungen (14) für Brennstoff insbesondere Synthesegas vorgesehen sind.5. burner (100) comprising a channel (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, d a d u c c h e c e n e c e s e, one or more inlet openings (14) are provided for fuel in particular synthesis gas.
6. Brenner (100) umfassend einen Kanal (1) nach Anspruch 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s ein Drallerzeuger mit Drallschaufeln vorgesehen ist und die eine oder mehrere Einlassöffnungen (14) für Brennstoff stromaufwärts der Drallschaufeln (10) in Hauptströmungsrichtung 9 angeordnet sind.Burner (100) comprising a channel (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that a swirl generator with swirl vanes is provided and the one or more inlet openings (14) for fuel upstream of the swirl vanes (10) in the main flow direction 9 are arranged.
7. Brenner (100) umfassend einen Kanal (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s ein Drallerzeuger insbesondere Luftdrallerzeuger (10) vorgesehen ist.7. Burner (100) comprising a channel (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a swirl generator, in particular an air swirl generator (10), is provided.
8. Brenner (100) umfassend einen Kanal (1) nach Anspruch 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s mindestens eine Brennstoffdüse (11) vorgesehen ist und Brennstoff, insbesondere Erdgas durch die mindestens eine Brennstoffdüse (11) in einen von dem Drallerzeuger insbesondere Luftdrallerzeuger (10), in der Mischzone, insbesondere Vormischzone (2) verdrallten Oxidationsmittelmassenstrom insbesondere Luft (5) eingedüst werden kann.8. burner (100) comprising a channel (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that at least one fuel nozzle (11) is provided and fuel, in particular natural gas through the at least one fuel nozzle (11) in one of the swirl generator in particular air swirl generator (10). , in the mixing zone, in particular premixing zone (2) twisted oxidant mass flow in particular air (5) can be injected.
9. Brenner (100) umfassend einem Kanal (1) nach Anspruch 8, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s die mindestens eine Brennstoffdüse (11) in einer oder mehreren hintereinander liegenden im Drallerzeuger, insbesondere Luftdrallerzeuger (10), angeordnet ist.9. burner (100) comprising a channel (1) according to claim 8, wherein the at least one fuel nozzle (11) in one or more consecutive in the swirl generator, in particular air swirl generator (10) is arranged.
10. Brenner (100) umfassend einem Kanal (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 8-9, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s sich mindestens eine Brennstoffdüsen (11) in dem Drallerzeuger insbesondere Luftdrallerzeuger (10), befindet.10. burner (100) comprising a channel (1) according to any one of claims 8-9, d a d e r c h e c e n e c e s in which there is at least one fuel nozzles (11) in the swirl generator in particular air swirl generator (10).
11. Brenner (100) umfassend einen Kanal (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s der11. A burner (100) comprising a channel (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, d a d u c h e c e n e c i n e t, d a s s
Kanal (3b) in Bezug auf sein Volumen geringer ist als der Kanal (3a) . Channel (3b) is less in volume than the channel (3a).
12. Brenner (100) umfassend einen Kanal (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s der Kanal (3b) stromabwärts eine Leitung (20), insbesondere ein Rohr umfasst.12. Burner (100) comprising a channel (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h e c e n e c e n e, s t a s s the channel (3b) downstream of a line (20), in particular a tube.
13. Brenner (100) umfassend einen Kanal (1) nach Anspruch 12, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s die Leitung (20) ein Ventil/eine Klappe (21) umfasst.13. Burner (100) comprising a channel (1) according to claim 12, wherein the line (20) comprises a valve / a flap (21).
14. Gasturbine mit einem Brenner (100) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche.14. Gas turbine with a burner (100) according to one of the preceding claims.
15. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Brenners (100) mit einem Kanal (1), welcher eine Mischzone, insbesondere Vormischzone (2) umfasst, in die ein Oxidationsmassenstrom und Brennstoff eingedüst wird, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s mittels eines Trennmittels (15) im Kanal (1) und die mindestens zwei sich dadurch ausbildenden getrennten erster und zweiter Kanal (3a), (3b) zwei in wesentlichen separate Strömungspfade ausgebildet werden.15. A method for operating a burner (100) having a channel (1) which comprises a mixing zone, in particular premixing zone (2), into which an oxidation mass flow and fuel is injected, characterized in that by means of a separating means (15) in the channel (1 ) and the at least two separate formed first and second channel (3a), (3b) two substantially separate flow paths are formed.
16. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Brenners (100) nach Anspruch 15, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s das Oxidationsmittel Luft (5) ist.16. A method of operating a burner (100) according to claim 15, wherein the oxidizing agent is air (5).
17. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Brenners (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 15-16, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s die Mischzone, insbesondere Vormischzone (2) eine Konusseite (3) und eine Nabenseite (4) und /oder einen Drallerzeuger, insbesondere Luftdrallerzeuger (10) umfasst und dass der Brennstoff, insbesondere Erdgas an der Konusseite (3) und/oder der Nabenseite (4) und/oder über die Drallerzeuger insbesondere Luftdrallerzeuger (10) in die Vormischzone (2) eingedüst wird.17. A method for operating a burner (100) according to any one of claims 15-16, characterized in that the mixing zone, in particular premixing zone (2) a cone side (3) and a hub side (4) and / or a swirl generator, in particular air swirl generator (10 ) And that the fuel, in particular natural gas on the cone side (3) and / or the hub side (4) and / or on the Swirl generator in particular air swirl generator (10) is injected into the premixing zone (2).
18. Verfahren nach Anspruch 17, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s der Brennstoff (6) über die mindestens eine Drallschaufel der Drallerzeuger insbesondere Luftdrallerzeuger (10) in die Mischzone, insbesondere Vormischzone (2) eingedüst wird.18. Method according to claim 17, wherein the fuel (6) is injected via the at least one swirl blade of the swirl generators, in particular air swirl generator (10), into the mixing zone, in particular premix zone (2).
19. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 15-18, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s der Brennstoff (6) , insbesondere Synthesegas über eine oder mehrere Einlassöffnungen 14 zugeführt wird.19. Method according to one of claims 15-18, wherein the fuel (6), in particular synthesis gas, is supplied via one or more inlet openings 14, as a matter of course.
20. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 15-19, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s bei Synthesegasbetrieb der einer der Kanäle (3b) mit Synthesegas und der andere Kanal (3a) mit Oxidationsmittel beaufschlag wird.20. Method according to one of claims 15-19, wherein a synthesis gas operation of one of the channels (3b) is treated with synthesis gas and the other channel (3a) is supplied with oxidizing agent.
21. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 15-20, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s bei Erdgasbetrieb beide Kanäle (3a) , (3b) mit Erdgas und einem Oxidationsmittel, insbesondere Luft (5) beaufschlagt werden. 21. Method according to one of claims 15-20, wherein in natural gas operation, both channels (3a), (3b) are supplied with natural gas and an oxidizing agent, in particular air (5).
EP09782950.1A 2008-10-01 2009-09-14 Burner and method for operating a burner Not-in-force EP2329196B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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EP09782950.1A EP2329196B1 (en) 2008-10-01 2009-09-14 Burner and method for operating a burner

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EP08017321A EP2312215A1 (en) 2008-10-01 2008-10-01 Burner and Method for Operating a Burner
EP09782950.1A EP2329196B1 (en) 2008-10-01 2009-09-14 Burner and method for operating a burner
PCT/EP2009/061846 WO2010037627A2 (en) 2008-10-01 2009-09-14 Burner and method for operating a burner

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EP2329196B1 EP2329196B1 (en) 2015-01-28

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EP (2) EP2312215A1 (en)
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2011117310A (en) 2012-11-10
CN102171515A (en) 2011-08-31
US9217569B2 (en) 2015-12-22
EP2312215A1 (en) 2011-04-20
WO2010037627A2 (en) 2010-04-08
EP2329196B1 (en) 2015-01-28
CN102171515B (en) 2014-05-28
WO2010037627A3 (en) 2010-06-10
US20110179797A1 (en) 2011-07-28

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