EP2390081A2 - Method and device for tempering preforms - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves applying a preform (28) before or during blowing process or stretch blow molding process on a body section at a deforming temperature (T3). The body section is found below a threaded area and/or a flange area of the preform. The preform is pre-warmed with homogenous heat (T2) of about 55 degrees centigrade. Warm air is utilized for pre-warming the preform, before or in a heating stage (30) and partially obtained from process exhaust heat of components of container manufacturing-, treatment-, and/or filling machines. An independent claim is also included for a heating device for tempering the thermoplastic preform.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for controlling the temperature of preforms with the features of the independent method claim 1. The invention further relates to a heating device for the temperature control of preforms with the features of claim 8.

The production of beverage containers made of thermoplastic material, in particular from the most widely used PET, usually takes place by means of a stretch blow molding process. In this mostly two-stage stretch blow molding process, the containers are normally produced from injection-molded, rotationally symmetrical preforms (so-called preforms). These preforms consist of an elongated, cylindrical shell section (so-called body region) with a rounded, closed bottom and a neck region with upper opening, which can also be referred to as mouthpiece region. Close to this opening is usually a threaded portion which can be delimited by a collar o. The like. Down. The threaded portion is already produced during the injection molding of the preform to the later final dimension. He also remains in the stretch blow in its original form and forms the thread for the closure lid in the finished beverage container. The remaining area of the preform, however, is deformed and stretched. During processing, the preforms are heated to a defined process temperature to allow for stretch blow molding in the desired manner, with uniform wall thickness and without cracking of the material. The heating is usually carried out by means of infrared radiation, since in this way a defined and uniform temperature of the preforms is possible.

The plastic material to be processed (usually PET) has the property that during stretching it comes to a self-hardening (so-called "strain hardening"). The forming temperature is of crucial importance here. The self-strengthening effect is normally used in the production of PET containers to control and optimize the wall thickness distribution of the containers. On the one hand to heat the preforms as evenly as possible, on the other hand, however, a mechanical impairment of the neck portion and the container thread by a too strong To avoid heating before Stretch blow, the temperature profiling has been found to be advantageous.

Depending on the processing method, the preforms can be acted upon by the applied infrared radiation with a desired temperature profile. The aim here is to allow the warmer areas to deform as much as possible until the stretching resistance resulting from the self-consolidation becomes greater than the resistance of the adjacent colder areas. Usually, the temperature profile is evenly distributed around the circumference of the preforms and can vary depending on the process in the longitudinal direction of the preforms.

From the EP 0 736 367 B1 For example, a system and method for pre-treating preforms are known in which they are heated prior to a blow-molding operation. The preforms are uniformly pretreated in their temperature before they are reheated for the subsequent blow molding. The pretreatment should be determined by the heat energy contained in each preform, with temperature differences between the preforms to be reduced or kept low.

The DE 25 45 134 A1 describes a method of heating preforms of thermoplastic by infrared radiation to a blowing temperature. In the process, the preforms are uniformly heated to a first temperature level below the blast temperature. Then, starting from this first temperature stage, they are further heated to the final blow-molding temperature by means of the infrared radiation.

A primary object of the invention is to provide an improved and particularly energy-efficient process for controlling the temperature of preforms in connection with a stretch blow molding process in which the preforms are subjected to a desired temperature profiling which can be exactly predetermined under all external conditions occurring. The heat energy required for temperature control should be as efficient and inexpensive to win. A further object of the invention is to provide an improved preform heating device with the aid of which the temperatures and temperature profiles required for the preforms can be set and defined as accurately as possible and with reduced energy input.

These objects of the invention are achieved with the subject matters of the independent claims. Further advantageous embodiments are described by the subclaims.

To achieve the first-mentioned object, the invention proposes an at least two-stage process for the temperature control of preforms made of thermoplastic material, in particular PET, in which the preforms are distributed process-specifically before or during a blown or stretch blow molding process to a process profile corresponding to a predefinable heat profile Blowing or stretch blow required softening temperature of the plastic are brought. Process-specific distributed or a process-specific distributed temperature is understood in the present context that the temperature profile which is applied in the longitudinal direction of the preform, is aligned according to how the material of the preform distributed in the specific case under the special process conditions during the blowing process shall be.

The tempering process comprises at least two different, successive heating stages, each of which is to fulfill different tasks. In the first heating stage, an approximately uniform basic temperature control of the entire preform, which corresponds at most to a maximum heating temperature of a threaded region at the open-topped neck portion of the preform for maintaining its dimensional stability. In the second heating stage, a softening temperature, which is distributed in a process-specific manner in accordance with a predefinable heat profile, is required for the blow or stretch blow molding at least of the body portion located below the thread region and / or a collar region of the preform arranged underneath. The present invention provides an improved concept for temperature stratification for the preforms. The heating is carried out in two stages, on the one hand optimally prepare the preform for the stretch blow molding and tempering, so that the case thereby formed receive a uniform wall thickness as possible, and that the smallest possible rejection of defective containers arises. On the other hand, the two-stage tempering should be done with a reduced energy input, which is already guaranteed by the two-stage heating with the initial uniform preheating and subsequent targeted temperature profiling.

The heating takes place according to the invention in at least two successive sections or heating stages of the heating device. The first section provides a basic heating for the preforms to heat them as evenly as possible to a base temperature that is below the softening temperature for the plastic material. This limitation of the temperature is necessary in order not to heat the threaded area as much as possible. In this Grunderwärmungsphase no temperature stratification is applied, since a uniform temperature distribution over the entire preform body is to be achieved. The defined basic temperature should normally be between at least 50 ° C and up to 90 ° C, so that different input and storage conditions of the preforms can be compensated in this way. Since the preforms can be stored and stored in different storage locations at different temperatures before being fed to the stretch blow molding process, it is necessary to achieve the same preforming conditions in order to obtain the best possible deformation results. Accordingly, the first tempering stage is formed by a Grunderwärmungsphase and the second Temperierungsstufe by a subsequent temperature profiling phase.

In the temperature profiling phase forming a second section, the preforms are subjected to different or layered temperatures in the longitudinal direction. Possibly. a temperature measurement before the temperature profiling can be provided for detecting the temperature of the preforms according to their basic temperature and for adapting the heating stages. Optionally, at least one further temperature measurement after the second heating stage for detecting the final temperature of the preforms after the second heating stage or the temperature profiling phase and a consideration of the measured temperatures during the adaptation of the first heating stage can be provided.

It is advantageous if the preforms in the region of the first heating stage or the basic heating phase to a substantially uniform base temperature between about 50 ° C and about 90 ° C are tempered. This temperature depends primarily on the maximum permissible temperature for the neck region of the preforms made of PET or another suitable thermoplastic, since this region is not to be changed and deformed with the thread used later during the heating and subsequent stretch blow molding, but instead should remain dimensionally stable and unchanged throughout the processing. An advantageous A variant of the method according to the invention provides that the preforms in the region of the first heating stage are heated to the base temperature by means of heating rods immersed in the open-top preforms. These heating elements act as so-called booster because they are able to bring the respective preform within a very short time from the storage temperature to the desired basic temperature, which is brought in the subsequent heating stage under impressing a temperature profile to a further elevated temperature level. This booster or heating rod may have a typical length, which corresponds to a single radiant heater, so that it is possible with a largely homogeneous heating of the preforms. In addition, however, other radiators can act as components of this booster, which apply a heat radiation from the outside to the preforms for the desired basic heating of the preforms.

In addition, a particularly advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention may be formed by preheating the preforms by means of a hot air application before they are conveyed into a heating device and / or after their removal from a supply or a storage space. For example, it is possible to use parts of a furnace waste heat which would otherwise be passed on to the outside for the purpose of generating the basic heating. This advantageously to be used furnace waste heat can be used, for example, by redirecting hot exhaust air and / or by conducting this exhaust air through suitable heat exchanger and thereby cooled, so that it can also be connected to energy conservation.

However, the hot air used in the first tempering for preheating the preforms can also be obtained at least partially from a process waste heat of other components of a container production, container treatment and / or Behälterabfüllmaschine or plant. Thus, the hot air used in the first tempering stage for preheating the preforms can be obtained in particular from the process waste heat of the heating section for the preforms before their blown or stretch blow molding. Alternatively or in combination, the warm air used in the first tempering stage for preheating the preforms can be recovered from the process waste heat from other equipment such as pasteurizers, sterilizers, hot fillers or the like within the container treatment and / or bottling line.

In particular, the machines from which the exhaust air is used, located close to the so-called. Preformzuführung, set up the feeder for the preforms. In the simplest case, the heat transfer takes place via a simple tube to the higher Preformzuführung, then via convection. It can also be used to transport the fan warm air. Preferably, the tubes are insulated. Preform preheating preferably takes place after sorting and is therefore more uniformly adjustable. An advantageous embodiment may provide a small tunnel of the feed rail to the blow molding machine.

A further advantageous variant of the method according to the invention can provide a regulation of the temperature after the preheating or a detection of the temperature after the preheating and a subsequent adaptation of the heating parameters, in particular individually for each preform / preform. The preheating provides a temperature range of about 30 ° - 90 ° C, preferably 40 ° -70 ° C, more preferably from 40 ° -60 ° C before. Preferably, only the bodies of the preforms / preforms are heated, but not the support ring and the thread.

As already mentioned, the second heating stage essentially serves to provide the preforms in this temperature profiling phase with a temperature profile adapted and / or different over their length. Care should be taken not to overheat the threaded portion when heating the neck portion and the rest of the preform so that it retains its dimensional stability in the subsequent process steps. Since the threaded area and the so-called "neck ring" (neck ring or support ring) are required for handling and transport, it is important that these areas of the preform are not modified and deformed. The preforms can be heated in the region of the second heating stage, in particular by means of radiant heaters. These may possibly be provided with a controlled surface cooling in order to avoid overheating.

Alternatively, it is possible that the temperature profiling phase does not take place before the blowing process, but directly during the blowing process. This is conceivable, for example, if a microwave or laser heating is used for profiling the temperature distribution.

To achieve the above-mentioned aim of the invention, a heating device for tempering preforms made of thermoplastic material is also provided for a subsequent blown or stretch blow molding process. These Heating device according to the invention is formed at least two stages and includes a preheating stage with a hot air exposure of the preforms to their largely homogeneous basic temperature. This warm air supply is coupled with other components of a container production, container treatment and / or container filling machine for utilizing the waste heat supplied by these machine parts. Optionally, a heating rod immersed in the preforms can also be provided within the first heating stage, which heats the preform from the inside and brings it to the basic temperature. Furthermore, it can be provided that at least after the first heating stage and before the second heating stage, a temperature sensor is arranged, which is coupled via a signal transmission to a control unit for controlling the heating power of the first heating stage and / or the temperature profiling stage.

A particularly advantageous variant of the heating device provides that the preheating stage is coupled with a heating section, upstream of a blow mold or stretch blow mold, for the preforms for the use of their process waste heat. On the one hand, energy-saving utilization of otherwise unused process waste heat is thus possible. In addition, the conditions and parameters of the preheating can be defined and maintained very precisely by a correspondingly regulated use and supply of waste heat.

Optionally, the preheating stage may be coupled to at least one pasteurizing device, a sterilizing device and / or a hot filling device within the container treatment and / or filling line for utilizing the process waste heat. In addition, the waste heat of electrical machines can be used, for example. Of electric drive motors, which are required for driving various components of a complex machine.

Further aspects, design variants and advantages in the configuration and operation of the heating device according to the invention are to be seen in connection with the process variants already mentioned above, since these process variants are all to be regarded as options for operation of the heating device.

Furthermore, it should be emphasized at this point that the present invention is basically suitable for use in microwave ovens, rotary ovens, linear ovens, stationary ovens, etc. Furthermore, the use of individual heating bags is conceivable, each preform is selectively tempered in a separate heating bag. In addition, it should be noted that in addition to the mentioned two separate Heat levels may be provided further heat levels, without this being explained in detail at this point.

Another useful option of the heating device according to the invention or the tempering process according to the invention may be that the spacing of the preforms during preheating is significantly smaller than during the subsequent blowing process, to effect in this way an improved energy use and a more effective use of the heating energy. Thus, the pitch during heating may, for example, be only about half of the pitch during the blowing process or even less in order to be able to heat the preforms which are much smaller apart from each other in a particularly effective manner. The pitch of blow molding, on the other hand, is dictated by the machine's technical parameters and usually can not be further reduced. The selected pitch in the preheating can be chosen in particular smaller than about 80 mm, preferably even less than about 40 mm.

• Fig. 1 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung einer Behälterformungsvorrichtung zur Streckblasumformung von Vorformlingen zu Flüssigkeitsbehältern.
• Fig. 2 zeigt in einer schematischen Darstellung eine Heizstrecke gemäß Fig. 1.
• Fig. 3 zeigt eine schematische Ansicht einer bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante der Behälterumformungsvorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1.
• Fig. 4 zeigt eine weitere Variante einer Behälterumformungsvorrichtung mit einer zusätzlichen Vorwärmung.
• Fig. 5 zeigt eine Detailansicht des Boosters bzw. der ersten Heizstufe.
• Fig. 6 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung einer Blasvorrichtung mit Abwärmenutzung zur Vorerwärmung von Vorformlingen.
• Fig. 7 zeigt die Komponenten einer Streckblasvorrichtung mit den verschiedenen Möglichkeiten zur Abwärmenutzung.

In the following, embodiments of the invention and their advantages with reference to the accompanying figures will be explained in more detail. The proportions of the individual elements to one another in the figures do not always correspond to the actual size ratios, since some shapes are simplified and other shapes are enlarged in relation to other elements for better illustration.

• Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a container forming apparatus for stretch blow molding of preforms to liquid containers.
• Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a heating section according to Fig. 1 ,
• Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the Behälterumformungsvorrichtung according to Fig. 1 ,
• Fig. 4 shows a further variant of a container-forming device with an additional preheating.
• Fig. 5 shows a detailed view of the booster or the first heating stage.
• Fig. 6 shows a schematic representation of a blowing device with waste heat recovery for preheating of preforms.
• Fig. 7 shows the components of a stretch blower with the various options for waste heat utilization.

For identical or equivalent elements of the invention, identical reference numerals are used. Furthermore, for the sake of clarity, only reference symbols are shown in the individual figures, which are required for the description of the respective figure. The illustrated embodiments are merely examples of how the device or method of the invention may be configured and are not an exhaustive limitation.

The schematic representation of Fig. 1 shows a container forming apparatus 10 for stretch blow molding preforms to liquid containers. The container forming apparatus 10 comprises a rotating inlet area 12 for the preforms, a heating section 14 with a controlled two-stage heating device 16 for controlling the temperature of the preforms and an adjoining rotating first transfer star 18 for conveying the tempered preforms to a rotating stretch blow device 20. This rotary stretch blow device 20 has a plurality of blow molding stations 22, in which the preforms are formed into liquid containers before being transferred by means of a second transfer star 24 to a linear conveying conveyor 26, with which the containers are conveyed in particular to a filling station (not shown).

The schematic representation of Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of a heating section 14 according to Fig. 1 which is part of the heater. In the heating section 14, the initially relatively cold preforms 28, which may have, for example, a temperature T1 of about 25 ° C, in the first heating stage 30 (see. Fig. 3 heated to a base heat T2 of about 55 ° C. In the present exemplary embodiment, this base heat T2 corresponds to the maximum thread temperature to which the preforms 28 can be exposed without the thread region deforming. The first heating stage 30 may optionally have a radiator area 32 with infrared radiators and / or additional heating rods 34, which can dive into the rapid and precise heating of the preforms 28 in each case. Both heaters 32 and 34 can be optionally combined, whereby the first heating stage 30 acts as a booster 36, with which the preforms 28 can be brought quickly to exactly the desired basic temperature T2 (here: about 55 ° C).

The adjoining second heating stage 38 likewise comprises a radiator area 40 with infrared radiators, which, however, are regulated differently in order to produce the desired temperature profiling so that on the one hand the necessary forming temperature T3 of approximately 100 ° C. is reached, but on the other hand the threaded area of the Preforms 28 remains at the temperature level of T2.

The presentation of the Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the Behälterumformungsvorrichtung according to Fig. 1 , So again is the container-forming device 10 with the rotating inlet region 12 for the preforms 28, the heating section 14 with the controlled two-stage heater 16 for controlling the temperature of the preforms 28 and the subsequent rotating first transfer star 18 for promoting the tempered preforms 28 to the rotating stretch blow 20 clarifies. The preforms 28 are removed from a storage space or storage 90 and supplied to the rotating inlet region 12 via a linear feed region 44. In this rotary stretch blow molding apparatus 20, the preforms 28 are shaped into liquid containers 42 by means of blow molding stations 22 arranged on the outer circumference, before they are conveyed by means of the second transfer star 24 to the conveying apparatus 26 (cf. Fig. 1 ), with which the containers 42 are conveyed to the filling station or to another treatment station (not shown).

The heating section 14 has, just behind the inlet region 12, the booster 36 or the first heating stage 30 for the basic temperature control of the preforms 28. Downstream of the booster 36, the radiator regions 40 of the second heating stage 38, indicated in the embodiment shown by a total of six consecutively arranged heating boxes. The rotating inlet region 12 with the inlet star is preceded by a linear feed region 44, with which the preforms 28 are fed to the container-forming device 10.

Corresponding Fig. 4 This linear feed region 44 can be equipped with an additional preheating device 46 which, for example, can be fed by the waste heat of the heating device 16 or the like, so that in this way a considerable proportion of the heat energy otherwise dissipated unused can be preheated for the preforms 28 and thus to increase the efficiency of the tempering process can be used. The remaining structure of the device 10 does not differ from the embodiment according to Fig. 3 ,

Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the preheating device 46, which is fed for example by the waste heat of the heater o. The like., Acts as a first heating stage 30, and thus guarantees a uniform preheating of the preforms 28, before this in the second heating stage 38 for Temperature profiling get. This arrangement definitely contributes to increasing the efficiency of the tempering process.

Both variants according to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 Common are the temperature measuring points, which are indicated schematically. Thus, the first temperature sensor 48 is located immediately after the first heating stage 30 or the booster 36. The second temperature sensor 50 is located behind the second heating stage 38, ie behind the last heating box with the radiator areas 40 arranged therein, as shown in FIGS Figures 3 and 4 each is clarified. Optionally, according to Fig. 4 a third temperature sensor 52 in the linear feed region 44 and the preheating 46 or be arranged in front of these areas. The output signal of this third temperature sensor 52 can preferably also be taken into account in a control loop of the heating device 14.

The detailed view of the Fig. 5 illustrates a variant of the first heating stage 30 and the booster 36. In this case, according to Fig. 2 be provided that to be heated to the base temperature T2 of about 55 ° C preform 28 with an upper threaded portion 29 by means of the fully immersed in this heating element 34 and / or by means of the infrared radiator of the radiator region 32. The radiator of the radiator region 32 may preferably have a suitable cooling, which prevents overheating of the radiator in the heating furnace by flowing cooling air.

The schematic representation of Fig. 6 shows a basic variant of the use of the waste heat 54 from the heating section 14 and / or one of the stretch blow 20 connected or required there for blow molding heater, which can be supplied via an exhaust duct 56 and a heating nozzle 58 to the preforms 28 in the feed 44. Since in previously known configurations, the waste heat from the heating section 14 and / or the blowing module was blown off without further use of energy in the environment or the surrounding hall, the variant provides for waste heat according to Fig. 6 a significant improvement in efficiency. The other components of the heating section 14 are in Fig. 6 for the sake of clarity not shown. In particular, a tunnel may be arranged around the nozzles and the transport path of the preforms in order to avoid heat loss.

In particular, the exhaust air is conveyed without additional fans only via the rise of heat to the preforms in the higher position of the feeder. But it could also fans or the recycled air from the stretch blow are used for this purpose.

The lines are in particular insulated.

The schematic representation of Fig. 7 illustrates various ways of using waste heat from various processes for preheating the preforms before they are transported in the heating section based on the various components of a stretch blow 20 for the production of liquid containers from preforms. The preforms are stored in a supply and from there, for example, reach a chute 60, from where they arrive for sorting in a roller or disk sorter 62. From this sorter 62 they arrive via the feed region 44 to the first heating stage 30 and to the booster 36 of the heating section 14, where the preheating to the substantially homogeneously distributed over the entire volume of the preforms base temperature T2 (see. Fig. 2 ) takes place. Via a feed rail 64, the preforms are conveyed after the basic temperature in the second heating stage 38 of the heating section 14, where they according to the desired temperature profiling to an inhomogeneous blowing temperature T3 (corresponding Fig. 2 ) are heated.

As based on the presentation of the Fig. 7 is clarified, the furnace of the second heating stage 38 a plurality of exhaust ducts 66, which can lead via connecting channels 68 for preheating the first heating stage 30 and / or sorter 62. This connection channel 68 between the furnace and the sorter 62 is to be understood as an option and drawn in broken lines.

About the first transfer starter 18, the pre-molded for the stretch blow molding preforms are conveyed to the so-called. Blasrad the stretch blow 20, where they are formed into liquid containers and then in an integrated Behälterformungs- and filling machine successively to a rinser 70, a filling device 72, a labeling device 74, a pasteurizer 76 and an adjoining packaging module 78 are transported, where they can be summarized as needed to containers and / or pallets or other packaging units and made ready for shipment. As in Fig. 7 indicated, the heat-intensive pasteurizer 76 provides a further possibility of effective waste heat recovery, through corresponding waste heat ducts 80 and Connecting channels 82 is indicated, leading to the preheating stage 30 and / or sorter 62.

In the Fig. 7 illustrated processing stations of the integrated machine are to be understood as meaningful options that can be partially eliminated. In principle, however, the most effective variants of the waste heat utilization are to be pointed out, which can be modified or combined with one another in different further variants.

In particular, in order to even out the heating of the preforms, there may also be a control which regulates the preheating temperature via temperature sensors. Depending on the IR emitters in the oven, the exhaust air is warmer or colder, so before the preheating unit, an additional air heater may be present, which ensures a constant temperature of the air. One sensor may be mounted to detect the preform temperature at the end of the preheat unit, another may be used to measure the temperature of the oven exhaust air in the exhaust ducts in front of the additional air heater.

The invention has been described with reference to the FIGS. 1 to 7 described and described as preferred or optional to be understood embodiments. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or changes may be made to the invention without departing from the scope of the following claims.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

Container forming device

12

intake area

14

heating section

16

heater

18

First handover star

20

stretch blow

22

blow molding

24

Second transfer star

26

conveyor

28

preform

29

threaded portion

30

First heating stage

32

emitter area

34

heater

36

booster

38

Second heating stage

40

emitter area

42

liquid container

44

Linear feed area

46

preheating

48

First temperature sensor

50

Second temperature sensor

52

Third temperature sensor

54

waste heat

56

exhaust duct

58

heating nozzle

60

Schütte

62

Grader, roller or disc grader

64

feed track

66

exhaust duct

68

connecting channel

70

rinser

72

filling

74

labeling

76

pasteurizer

78

packaging module

80

waste heat channel

82

connecting channel

90

pantry

T1

outlet temperature

T2

Base heat / max. thread temperature

T3

forming temperature

Claims (11)

Method for at least two-stage tempering of preforms (28) made of thermoplastic material, in which the preforms (28) before or during a blown or stretch blow to a process-specific distributed according to a predetermined heat profile, required for the blown or stretch blow molding softening temperature (T3 ) are brought at least of the located below the threaded portion (29) and / or an underlying collar portion of the preform (28) body portion, and in which the preforms (28) previously approximately uniformly, in particular with substantially homogeneous temperature distribution (T2) are preheated, wherein the warm air used before or in a first tempering stage (30) for preheating the preforms (28) is at least partially obtained from a process waste heat of further components of a container production, container treatment and / or container filling machine. The method of claim 1, wherein the tempering at least two different, successive heating stages (30, 38), wherein in the first heating stage (30) is an approximately uniform basic temperature of the entire preform (28), the maximum of a maximum heating temperature (T2 ) corresponds to a threaded portion at the open-topped neck portion of the preform (28) for maintaining its dimensional stability. Method according to Claim 2, in which the preforms (28) in the region of the first heating stage (30) are heated to the base temperature (T2) by means of heating rods (34) immersed in the open-top preforms (28). Method according to Claim 2, in which the preforms (28) are preheated by means of a hot air application before they are conveyed into a heating device (30) or in a heating device (30) and / or after their removal from a reservoir (90). Method according to Claim 4, in which the warm air used before or in the first temperature-control stage (30) for preheating the preforms (28) is removed from the Process waste heat (54) of the heating section (14) for the preforms (28) is obtained before the blow or stretch blow molding. The method of claim 4 or 5, wherein the hot air used in the first tempering step (30) for preheating the preforms (28) from the process waste heat from pasteurizers (76), sterilizers and / or hot fillers (72) within the container treatment and / or bottling line is won. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, in which the temperature of the preforms (28) is measured after their preheating and used to adapt and / or regulate the heating parameters of the preheating and / or the temperature profiling stage (38). Heating device (16) for tempering preforms (28) made of thermoplastic material for a subsequent blown or stretch blow molding, wherein the heating device (16) is formed at least two stages and a preheating stage (30) with hot air for substantially homogenous basic temperature of the preforms (28) which is coupled to other components of a container manufacturing, container treatment and / or container filling machine for utilizing their waste heat. Heating device according to claim 8, in which the preheating stage (30) is coupled to a heating section (14) for the preforms (28) upstream of a blow molding or stretch blow molding station (20) for utilizing its process waste heat. Heating device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the preheating stage (30) is coupled to at least one pasteurizing device (76), sterilizing device and / or hot filling device (72) within the container treatment and / or Behälterabfüllstrecke to use their process waste heat. Heating device according to one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the preheating stage (30) comprises at least one in the preforms (28) immersed heating rod (34) which heats the preform (28) from the inside and to a base temperature (T2).

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