EP2383219B1 - Method for producing a lifting device on a platform - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for providing a lifting device, in particular a crane, on a sea-bound platform. Furthermore, the invention relates to a lake-bound platform with at least one auxiliary lifting device.

As is known, loads have since been transported by floating transport and lifting devices (eg floating crane) to a sea-bound platform. It is sometimes very problematic to safely transfer heavy loads to the platform bring. In addition to the heavy weight of the load, heavy swell can prevent it from docking or generally preventing the safe operation of a floating crane. In addition, the availability of heavy-duty floating cranes is extremely limited. In general, very high costs are incurred through the use of the floating crane.

The object of the invention is to provide a method and a device with which even heavy loads can be transported safely and efficiently to a sea-bound platform. The process should be more economical than conventional methods.

The solution of the problem is given by a method according to claim 1 and an apparatus according to claim 4.

Sea-bound platforms can be buoyant or not buoyant, so anchored on the bottom of a lake or the sea. It is also possible that the platform is initially floatable and then the intended Stand legs of the platform are lowered, so that the platform can be anchored to the ground. Sea-bound platforms typically include at least auxiliary hoists for carrying items to or from the platform. These auxiliary lifting devices usually have a lifting capacity of about 10 tons.

The publication WO 03/086852 A1 describes a method to position and erect a crane boom on a semi-submersible ship. The publication FR 2 822 890 A1 describes a method of installing rig-like-over-drilling equipment for offshore platforms. In this case, with the help of an existing on-board crane on-board elements for a modular and demountable further crane, which has a greater load capacity mounted.

The invention is based on the idea to use this auxiliary lifting device to install a powerful lifting device - which is also suitable for very large and heavy loads - to install. The lifting device must be modular - so be made of small and therefore relatively lightweight items (modules) - assemble. These modules can be easily delivered via ships or pontoons and can then be used with the help of Auxiliary lifting device can be spent in the order required for assembly on the platform. Thanks to its modularity, this process is safe, simple and financially more cost-effective than direct loading of larger loads by means of a floating crane. The modules of the lifting device are then assembled in the specified order.

It is particularly advantageous that again a dismantling of the lifting device can take place, so that the platform is equipped only when needed with the lifting device and it can be removed safely after use.

Preferably, the lifting device is disassembled in inverse order for assembly and by means of Auxiliary lifting device - module by module - again loaded on a ship or pontoon for transport to another location. The lifting device can then advantageously be reinstalled on another platform in the same way. Spacing the disassembled into their modules lifting device to other sites can be done economically by means of ships or pontoons and is thus much cheaper than the transfer of a high-capacity floating crane to multiple locations.

The lifting device advantageously has a boom with two rail tracks running along the boom. The boom is anchored on the platform. In this case, the lifting device preferably has at least two load ropes, wherein the load ropes are preferably each guided over a trolley arranged on the rail tracks, so that the lifting device can pick up and lift loads outside the platform in order subsequently to move them into the area of the platform and there store. The lifting device preferably comprises two or four load ropes and thus also two or four trolleys.

In order to safely lift heavy loads with the lifting device, reinforcing struts are advantageously providable between the platform and the boom. For the same purpose, the boom is preferably formed with truss-like struts.

Further advantages will become apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings.

It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the particular combination given, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Figur 1

eine seegebundene Plattform mit einer Hilfshebevorrichtung und einem darauf abgelegten Modul einer Hebevorrichtung;

Figur 2

die Plattform aus Figur 1 mit mehreren zusammengebauten Modulen einer Hebevorrichtung;

Figur 3

eine komplett auf der Plattform von Figur 1 oder 2 aufgebaute Hebevorrichtung in einer ersten Ausführungsform;

Figur 4A

eine Hebevorrichtung auf der Plattform in einer zweiten Ausführungsform;

Figur 4B bis 4G

weitere Ausführungsformen einer Hebevorrichtung;

Figur 5A bis 5F

weitere Ausführungsformen einer Hebevorrichtung;

Figur 6

einen Ablauf des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens; und

Figur 7

eine weitere Ausführungsform.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the figures and are explained in more detail in the following description. In each case, in schematic form:

FIG. 1

a sea-bound platform with an auxiliary lifting device and a module of a lifting device deposited thereon;

FIG. 2

the platform off FIG. 1 with several assembled modules of a lifting device;

FIG. 3

a completely on the platform of FIG. 1 or 2 constructed lifting device in a first embodiment;

FIG. 4A

a lifting device on the platform in a second embodiment;

FIG. 4B to 4G

further embodiments of a lifting device;

FIGS. 5A to 5F

further embodiments of a lifting device;

FIG. 6

a sequence of the method according to the invention; and

FIG. 7

another embodiment.

FIG. 1 shows a sea-bound platform 10 with a stationary auxiliary lifting device 12, which in the present example is a crane with a lifting capacity of about 10 tons (t). The platform 10 is arranged at a certain distance from a water surface 14 on one or more legs 15. In the area of the platform 10, a first delivery means designed as a ship 16 has anchored; it carries modules 18 of a modular lift 20 (in FIG. 1 not completely shown), which may be, for example, the modular heavy-duty crane, which has a much larger lifting capacity than the auxiliary crane 12. The auxiliary lifting device 12 transports individual modules 18 successively from the ship 16 to the platform 10. A single module 18 is in FIG. 1 already installed and anchored on platform 10. The individual modules 18 are successively transported in the order of their assembly by the ship 16 by the auxiliary lifting device 12 to the platform 10 and installed there together. The sequential transport of individual Module 18 can be advantageously carried out by the auxiliary crane 12 and does not require large external lifting means such as schwelastfähige floating cranes. Furthermore, by transporting individual modules 18 according to the invention, the safe movement of the modules 18 onto the platform 10 can be ensured even in heavy seas.

FIG. 2 shows the progress of the assembly on the platform 10, meanwhile four modules 18 have been installed on the platform 10 to a boom 19 of the lifting device 20. The boom 19 has reinforcing, truss-like struts 21. Between the platform 10 and the boom 19, additional braces 21 'may be attached to further enhance stability.

FIG. 3 shows the finished on the platform 10 lifting device 20 in a first embodiment. It is capable of safely lifting large and heavy loads (eg 100 tons and more) onto the platform 10 from a second delivery means 22 (eg ship or pontoon). The loads may be, for example, transformers 25 needed to set up an offshore substation on the platform 10.

In the FIG. 3 The first embodiment shown comprises two load ropes 24 carrying the load 25 to be carried.

Each load cable 24 is guided over a trolley 26. The two trolleys 26 are each guided on a rail track 28 of the crane 20. The rail tracks 28 extend along the boom 19, preferably on an upper side of the boom 19, so that the lifting device 20 can receive and lift loads 25 outside the platform 10 in order subsequently to move and place them in the area of the platform 10. By the use of the trolley construction 26, 28 and the attachment of the rail tracks 28 in a in FIG. 3 upper portion of the crane 20 is given a relatively large clear height H below the trolleys 26, so that even very high loads 25 are moved by the crane 20 on the surface 10 'of the platform 10 without the construction of the crane 20 disproportionately high build have to.

Another, preferably even number of load ropes, e.g. six or eight, as well as appropriate trolleys, are also possible.

FIG. 4A shows a further embodiment of the lifting device 20. The further embodiment has four load cables 24 and thus also four trolleys 26. As in the first embodiment, the trolleys 26 are guided on rail tracks 28 along the boom 19, which are preferably arranged on the upper side 19 a of the boom 19. This results in a larger clear height for the Transport of the load 25 against attachment of the rail tracks 28 in a lower portion 19b, so that the load in the part 19c of the boom 19, which is above the platform 10, can be moved, and not only in the cantilever portion 19d of the boom 19th

Due to the plurality of trolleys 26 can in the variant according to FIG. 4A especially on a special harness 40 ( FIG. 5A ), whose structure, in particular by the guy construction 41, would reduce a usable clear height. The harness 40 may then find application when instead of multiple trolleys 26 ( FIG. 4A ) only one carrying cable 191 ( FIG. 5A ) is used to realize a plurality of attachment points 42 for the load 25.

FIG. 4B shows a side view of an embodiment of the lifting device 20 according to the invention, in which a can be assembled from individual modules boom 19 is arranged relative to the platform 10 so that it partially, namely with its portion 19 d, projects beyond the platform 10.

According to another embodiment, the lifting device 20 can advantageously also be arranged relative to the platform 10 such that its longitudinal axis 20 'extends at least in sections in the area of an outer platform edge 10', cf. the top view FIG. 4H , In this case, the load 25 can be moved laterally past the platform 10 at least over part of the overall length of the boom 19 become. In general, the lifting device 20 can be installed on the platform 10 such that the longitudinal axis 20 'of a cantilever has an arbitrary angle, in particular also acute angles, that is to say an angle of less than 90 °.

According to a further embodiment, the boom 19 - in certain, due to the design limits - also be formed bent, cf. the top view according to FIG. 4I in that different boom sections 19c, 19d have longitudinal axes (not shown) that do not coincide.

FIG. 4C shows a side view of another embodiment of the modular lifting device 20 in its installed state on the platform 10. In this embodiment, the total height H of the boom 19 is relatively low, resulting in a saving of building material for the construction of the lifting device 20 against a variant with greater overall height H. , Loads 25, due to the lower overall height H of the crane variant according to FIG. 4C and thus the lower clear height between the top of the boom 19 and the platform 10 are no longer movable within the boom 19 (see. Fig. 4A . 4B ), can according to the crane variant FIG. 4C can advantageously be moved laterally of the platform 10 and / or laterally in the platform 10. For this purpose, the boom 19 can be arranged, for example, directly in the region of the platform edge.

Figure 4D shows a side view of another embodiment of the modular lifting device 20 in its installed state on the platform 10. Compared to the embodiment according to FIG. 4C shows the variant of the invention Figure 4D in addition to the main boom 19 on a jib 190 in the manner of a derrick crane. The auxiliary boom 190 may be either one piece or - like the rest of the lifting device 20 - also be constructed modular and designed, for example, a truss structure or mast-like (substantially cylindrical shape without truss structure). The auxiliary boom 190 allows further stabilization of the lifting device 20, because of him or by means of a guided over him pull cable 191 forces from the boom tip 19e to a not in Figure 4D Imaged ballast or anchorage in the platform 10 can be derived, thereby reducing the prevailing in the cantilevered portion of the boom 19 bending moments.

The auxiliary boom 190 may in turn be stabilized by optional struts 192, wherein the struts 192 may provide a connection between the auxiliary boom 190 and the main boom 190 and / or directly the platform 10. The auxiliary boom 190 is preferably stationary fixed, according to another embodiment, but also movable, for example telescopically or rotatably formed and arranged. Instead of the separate jib 190 may advantageously also already on the platform 10th existing elevated structure with sufficient stability can be used to provide the corresponding function. In this case, it may be sufficient to attach a pulley for guiding the pull cable 191 to the existing structure.

Figure 4E shows a side view of another embodiment of the modular lifting device 20 in its installed state on the platform 10. In this embodiment, a - preferably also modular buildable - ballast tank 20a is provided, for example, with seawater 23 or other suitable fluid or with solid ballast bodies such Concrete blocks or separately filled individual tanks or with free-flowing media can be filled and thus represents a counterweight to the load to be transported 25. Particularly advantageously, the level of the ballast tank 20a - especially when using seawater - dynamically adaptable to the current load situation. The ballast tank 20a advantageously prevents tensile forces acting on the platform foot 15 or a foot 15 fixing foundation during loading of the load.

The Figures 4F and 4G show a side view of another embodiment of the modular lifting device 20 in different operating conditions. In this embodiment, the lifting device 20 is at least partially formed by carrier elements 20b, 20c, on the one hand modular be attached to the platform 10, on the other hand, however, a Part of the platform 10 can form, that is not constantly need to be set up and removed when needed. For example, the carrier elements 20b, 20c could also already be integrated in the platform construction, wherein, in particular, the horizontal carrier 20b can be displaceably arranged on the platform, so that it can be laterally, if necessary FIG. 4F to the right, at least partially moved out of the platform 10 to build the lifting device 20.

In this variant, it may for the unloading of a load 25, see. FIG. 4G Be sufficient to supplement the support members 20b, 20c with trolley means 24, hoisting ropes 24a, etc. and, for example, disassemble a side wall 10a of the platform 10 to unload the load 25 with the lifting means 20 substantially formed by the support members 20b, 20c. The dismantling of the side wall 10 a can be done with smaller auxiliary lifting means, such as a conventional stationary crane 12 of the platform 10. That is, the on-board crane 12 is only required, if necessary, to uninstall the side wall 10a and, for example, to build up the additional component 20c and possibly further components of the lifting device 20. Large loads 25 ( FIG. 4G ) are finally moved or loaded again with the lifting device 20.

FIG. 5A shows a side view of another embodiment of the modular lifting device 20 in its installed state on the platform 10. In this embodiment is the modular structure lifting device 20 in the manner of a derrick, namely with a main boom 19 and a jib 190, formed. Particularly advantageously, the foot points 19f, 190f of the main boom 19 and of the auxiliary jib and a fastening point 191a of the traction cable 191 guided via the auxiliary jib 190 in the structure of the lifting device 20 are selected so that they lie in the region of support structures 15a which are directly connected to the base 15 or the foundation of the platform 10 are connected, whereby a particularly stable structure is created.

Alternatively or additionally, a ballast tank can also be used in this embodiment, cf. Figure 4E ,

How out FIG. 5A It can be seen, among other things, 191 different arrangements can be selected for the auxiliary boom 190 and the guide of the traction cable, see. the indicated by dashed lines and unspecified components. Also, the mounting point of the pull cable 191 on the main boom 19 can assume various positions, for example, on the boom tip 19e.

In a preferred embodiment, an angle α between the main boom 19 and the auxiliary boom 190 is constant. A fastenable to the harness 40 load (not shown), for example, thereby be moved vertically, inter alia, that in the region of the attachment point 191a a winch is arranged, the pull rope 191 off and can wind up. In this case, the crane 20, for example, about an approximately perpendicular to the plane of the FIG. 5A and in the area of the foot point 190f lying axis are rotated.

FIG. 5B shows a side view of another embodiment of the modular lifting device 20, which has a main boom 19 and a jib 190. The attachment points of the arms 19, 190 are preferably as in FIG FIG. 5A selected. In the variant according to FIG. 5B For example, an angle α1 between the auxiliary boom 190 and a plane defined by the platform surface 10b is constant.

The FIGS. 5C and 5D each show a side view of another embodiment of the modular built-up lifting device 20, wherein the auxiliary boom 190 are optionally formed telescopic. The angles α, α1 are designed to be constant according to a preferred embodiment.

The Figures 5E and 5F each show a side view of another embodiment of the modular buildable lifting device 20. Bei FIG. 5F is the attachment point 191a for the platform-side end of the pull cable 191 formed movable, which can be realized for example by means of a track or trolley. As a result, the tensile force coupled into the platform 10 by the cable 191 is advantageously controllable with respect to its point of application on the platform. It is also possible to use a rail in the platform surface integrate, so that the platform-side end 191a of the pull cable 191 can be moved along the rail so as to optimally different operations or operating conditions, inter alia, in a loading operation of a load 25 or the construction and / or dismantling of the lifting device 20 to meet.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the method according to the invention. In step 100, a plurality of individual modules 18 (FIG. FIG. 1 ) of the lifting device 20 in the region of the platform 10 by means of the ship 16. Subsequently, in step 110, a plurality of modules 18 are placed on the platform 10. This means that the individual modules 18 are lifted by the ship 16 and then the modules 18 are unloaded on the platform 10. Finally, in step 120, the modules 18 are assembled in the required order to the lifting device 20.

In a separate method, the lifting device 20, preferably in inverse order for assembly - be dismantled again.

In addition to the avoidance of expensive hohlastfähiger floating cranes whose short-term availability is usually not given and by means of which a heavy load such as transformer 25 - at least in low seas - directly from the floating crane on the platform 10 is conveyed, the invention offers the other advantages of high availability and predictability and less weather dependence, because the loading individual crane modules 18 can be carried out by a arranged on the platform 10 auxiliary lifting device 12 even in heavy seas. The principle according to the invention also makes it possible to provide, at least temporarily, high-load cranes 20 on a platform 10 which have a lifting capacity which exceeds that of floating cranes. For example, it is conceivable to construct a modular high-load crane 20 temporarily on the platform 10, which has a lifting capacity of several hundred tons, while implementing the principle according to the invention. After use on the platform 10, the high load crane 20 may be dismantled from the platform 10 and deployed elsewhere.

FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment in which the modular buildable high-load crane 20 extends with its boom at least substantially along the entire platform width B (in addition to over the platform edge projecting part 20 'of the boom), so that loads 25 not only predominantly vertical, eg From ships to the platform 10 and vice versa, movable, but also horizontally over wide areas of the platform surface are movable, see. the in the FIG. 6 left area of the platform standing unloaded transformer 25th

Claims (12)

1. Method for producing a lifting device (20), in particular a crane, on a sea-bound platform (10), with the following steps:

   - provision of several individual modules (18) of the lifting device (20) in the region of the sea-bound platform (10) by delivery means (16), in particular ships or pontoons,

   - transfer of the several modules (18) to the sea-bound platform (10),

   - assembly of the several modules (18) on the sea-bound platform (10) into the lifting device (20), wherein the lifting device (20) has an arm (19) with two rails (28) on which load cables (24) of the lifting device (20) can move, wherein the arm (19) can be assembled from the individual modules (18).
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of transfer comprises:

   - lifting an individual module (18) from the delivery means (16) by an auxiliary lifting device (12) arranged on the sea-bound platform (10);

   - unloading of the individual module (18) on the sea-bound platform (10) using the auxiliary lifting device (12) arranged on the sea-bound platform (10).
3. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lifting device (20) is dismantled in the reverse order to its assembly.
4. Sea-bound platform (10) with a lifting device (20) which comprises an arm (19) with two rails (28) on which load cables (24) of the lifting device (20) can move, wherein the arm (19) is assembled from the individual modules (18), and with at least one auxiliary lifting device (12) which is configured to:

   - transfer individual modules (18) of a or the lifting device (20) which are provided by delivery means (16), in particular ships or pontoons, in the region of the sea-bound platform (10), from the delivery means (16) onto the sea-bound platform (10), and

   - assemble the modules (18) on the sea-bound platform (10) into the lifting device (20).
5. Sea-bound platform (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that it is configured floating or non-floating, or such that it can be operated in both a floating state and in a non-floating state.
6. Sea-bound platform (10) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the lifting device (20) on the sea-bound platform (10) can be dismantled again when not required.
7. Sea-bound platform (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that the lifting device (20) has at least two load cables (24), wherein each load cable (24) is guided via a travelling trolley (26).
8. Sea-bound platform (10) according to any of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that reinforcing braces (21') are provided between the sea-bound platform (10) and the arm (19).
9. Sea-bound platform (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device can be displaced along the arm (19) by means of the two rails (28).
10. Sea-bound platform (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lifting device (20) is particularly suited to lifting heavy and large loads, in particular loads with a weight of more than around 50 t, preferably more than around 100 t.
11. Sea-bound platform (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lifting device (20) has a main arm (19) and an auxiliary arm (190), wherein the main arm (19) can be connected to the auxiliary arm (190) via a traction cable (191).
12. Sea-bound platform (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one, preferably dynamically fillable, ballast tank (20a) is provided.

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